JP2016108925A - Caisson structure, and application method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a kind of caisson structure that may be applied to a traditional caisson method and a press-fit caisson method, along with an application method of the caisson structure.SOLUTION: Thus, application to a caisson method is possible. The caisson structure has a through-hole in a box-form skeleton, in which a first opening on one end of the through-hole is located on a side of a body, with a second opening at a location away from the first opening, and the second opening is also connected to the through-hole. A wall surface body surrounds the first opening, the second opening, and the through-hole, with a plurality of wall surface through-holes formed through the wall surface body in parallel with the wall surface. The present invention significantly curtails time needed for preparation work when crushing a ground for increasing the number of times of excavation and destroying a foreign object underneath a box by inserting a washing device into the wall surface through-hole, thereby enhancing work efficiency for installation work, at the same time preventing deviation of the skeleton when the skeleton comes in contact with the foreign object. Also, cleaning work in a dead corner that cannot be cleaned with a drilling apparatus or a cleaning device is facilitated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a caisson work, and more particularly to a caisson structure of a traditional caisson method and a press-fitting caisson method and its application method.

  The caisson method can create bridge foundations for roads, railways, rivers, etc. Compared with the cast-in-place pile method, which is constructed on site, the quality and rigidity of the caisson method are good for earthquake resistance and stability. have.

  Furthermore, the cast-in-place pile construction method requires a large construction area, but the caisson construction method has a smaller required area compared to that, and can also demonstrate the advantage of a small construction area for construction in confined spaces in urban areas. Wide range of operations such as bridge foundation work, shaft work, river repair work, building foundation work and basement work are possible.

Since the caisson method is a method of sinking the caisson in the ground, whether or not the caisson can be subsidized is one of the very important steps in the construction process.
Traditional caisson methods include open caisson method, pneumatic caisson method, underwater caisson method, and loading method.
The traditional method requires digging the ground at the bottom of the caisson and sinks with the caisson's own weight.
However, there is a possibility that spring sand or ground uplift may occur, and the caisson's verticality may shift due to unbalanced forces when the caisson sinks.
Therefore, the press-fitting method is now widely used.
In the press-fitting method, the reaction force is borne by the anchor, and the jig on the hydraulic jack conducts power vertically through the bamboo knot-shaped rod by the vertical interaction of the hydraulic jack, and the hydraulic jack is bamboo-shaped The caisson is sunk by driving a force larger than the resistance force of the cutting edge and the frictional force around the caisson on the rod.

Even the traditional caisson method and press-fitting caisson method have problems to overcome in construction.
The main cause is that before starting caisson work, the condition of the ground to be injected must be inspected. If there is a hard rock, caisson work is impossible as it is, so the rock is first crushed and subsidized. Caisson work is possible after replacing the earth and sand in the area.
Here, a lot of construction time, space, and transportation costs are consumed for pre-processing work such as crushing, taking out, and replacement, and since these work cannot be done at the same time when sinking the caisson, the cost becomes high and time is wasted. Also become.

Furthermore, if there is a difference in height between the sediments encountered when sinking the caisson, the caisson will shift if the sediment is not destroyed immediately.
As shown in FIG. 1, the ground R encountered when the caisson 1 is sinking has a height difference, and the blade edge 10 at the lower left of the caisson comes into contact with the ground R first, and the left ground R is immediately destroyed. Otherwise, the caisson will tilt and the shift of the caisson 1 will affect the construction accuracy.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, when excavating the earth and sand inside the caisson using the excavator, the wall 11 of the caisson 1 has a certain thickness and forms a blind spot area R1. The earth and sand in the lower area R1 cannot be dug, and the caisson 1 cannot sink smoothly.
Therefore, the current caisson method needs to be improved.

  The object of the present invention is to present a kind of caisson structure applicable to the traditional caisson method and the press-fitting caisson method and its application method.

As described above, the present invention is a submission of a kind of caisson structure, which includes one housing, and there is one through hole in the housing, which is connected to the through hole. One opening is at one end of the main body, and the second opening on the side away from the first hole is also connected to the through hole.
There is one wall surface body surrounding the first opening portion, the second opening portion, and the through hole, and there are a plurality of wall surface through holes penetrating the wall surface body, which are parallel to the wall surface.

In addition, the present invention is to present a kind of application, which is a caisson structure construction method of caisson structure as described above, and includes the following steps.
Step 1: Press the caisson into the specified area.
Step 2: Excavate foreign matter on the ground using an excavator and discharge it from the caisson.
Step 3: Sink caisson to the ground.
further,
Step 4: Repeat Step 2 and Step 3 to sink the enclosure to the expected depth.

  Further, in step 2, the cleaning tool is passed through the wall surface through hole to destroy the foreign matter around the through hole.

  Further, as a step 5 after the step 4, the foreign matter at the bottom of the housing is removed with a cleaning tool through the wall surface through hole.

Moreover, the present invention presents another kind of application.
As described above, this is a caisson structure construction method of caisson structure and includes the following steps.
Step A: Press-fit the box into the designated area ground.
Step B: Install the press-fitting equipment on top of the housing.
The press-fitting equipment includes a reaction force girder connected to the caisson and a jack connected to the reaction force girder.
Step C: Excavate foreign matter on the ground using an excavator and discharge it from the enclosure.
Step D: Press the reaction force girder with a jack to sink the caisson.
further,
Step E: Repeat Step C and Step D to sink to the planned depth.

  Further, in Step C, the cleaning tool is passed through the wall surface through hole to destroy the foreign matter around the through hole.

  Further, after Step E, as Step F, the foreign matter at the bottom of the housing is removed with a cleaning instrument that has passed through the wall surface through hole.

Therefore, this invention is a kind of caisson structure to eliminate the inconvenience described above, and is a construction method that can be applied to the caisson construction method. The first opening connected to the hole is on one side of the driver, the second opening away from the first opening is also connected to the through hole, and the first opening, the second opening, and the through hole are connected. There is a wall surface body that surrounds, and there are a plurality of wall surface through holes penetrating the wall surface body, and the wall surface body is parallel to the wall surface body.
In addition, it is one kind of application of caisson construction method of caisson structure,
Step 1: Press the caisson into the ground of the designated area,
Step 2: Excavate foreign material on the ground with an excavator and discharge it from the caisson.
Step 3: Press caisson into the ground,
Step 4: Repeat Step 2 and Step 3 to sink to the planned depth,
These steps are included.
Furthermore, it is one kind of application of the caisson construction method of caisson structure,
Step A: Press the fuselage into the ground of the designated area.
Step B: Install the press-fit equipment on top of the fuselage, and the press-fit equipment includes a reaction force girder connected to the fuselage and a jack connected to the reaction force girder.
Step C: Excavate foreign matter on the ground with an excavator and discharge it from the body.
Step D: Using the force with which the jack pushes the reaction force beam,
Step E: Repeat Step C and Step D, sink to the planned depth,
These steps are included.

The features of the present invention are as follows.
(1) According to the present invention, at the time of caisson settlement, by using a cleaning instrument that has passed through each wall through hole, the remnants around the wall through hole are destroyed at the same time at the lower end of the housing, so that the settlement operation and the rock mass destruction cannot be performed simultaneously. Overcoming shortcomings, drastically reducing waste of preparatory work time and construction space, improving cost efficiency and improving construction efficiency.
(2) In the present invention, when a foreign object with a difference in height is encountered when the caisson sinks, the extra cleaning equipment can be passed through the wall through hole, and the foreign material around the lower part of the housing and the wall through hole can be destroyed. Can be prevented from shifting.
(3) The present invention is an obstacle to caisson settlement in the blind spot area in the lower part of the housing that is not easy to dig with the excavating tool by passing the cleaning tool through the wall through hole and destroying the foreign matter around the lower part of the housing and the wall through hole. You can overcome the foreign material.
(4) According to the present invention, it is possible to avoid the foreign matter from affecting the sealing operation of the bottom surface of the caisson by passing the cleaning machine through the wall through hole and destroying the foreign matter around the lower part of the housing and the wall through hole.

FIG. 1 is a perspective sectional view showing one of the disadvantages of the caisson method showing the prior art of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective sectional view showing one of the other disadvantages of the caisson method. FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the caisson structure of the present invention. Example 1 4 is a perspective sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. Example 1 FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the first type of caisson application method of FIG. Example 1 6 is a perspective sectional view of the construction shown in FIG. Example 1 FIG. 7 is a perspective sectional view of the first type of caisson applied construction cleaning tool. Example 1 FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the second caisson application method of FIG. Example 1 FIG. 9 is a perspective sectional view of the construction shown in FIG. Example 1

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The following will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and by explaining in more detail how the structure of the present invention is combined and used. Easy to understand.

  The present invention presents a kind of caisson structure as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and further presents two types of caisson application methods as shown separately in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the caisson structure has one housing 2, and there is a through hole 20 inside the housing, and the first opening 21 connected to the through hole 20 is at one end of the housing. The second opening 22 located away from the one opening is also connected to the through hole.
There is one wall surface body 23 surrounding the first opening portion 21, the second opening portion 22 and the through hole 20, and there are a plurality of wall surface through holes 24 penetrating the wall surface body 23. ing.
Among them, some wall surface through holes 24 pass excavation tools and cleaning tools through the wall surface through holes 24, destroy foreign substances under the 23 walls with a removal machine and a cleaning machine, Try not to be an obstacle to settlement.
Among them, foreign substances are mediators that affect the construction, such as bedrock in the ground, rocks, earth and sand, and ores. When the housing 2 sinks, if the metal blade 25 comes into contact with a foreign object that cannot be reached by an excavator (such as a clamshell) before the housing 2 sinks, It is used on the ground at the bottom end of the casing 2 through the through hole 24 to destroy the foreign matter encountered by the casing 2 so that the casing 2 can be smoothly sunk.
Further, in the process of sinking the box body 2, even in a blind spot area where the excavator does not reach, the drilling tool and the cleaning tool are similarly processed by passing through the wall surface through hole 24.

In this way, the present invention is surely effective even when it encounters a bedrock as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the subsidence work becomes difficult or the subsidence is hindered. Can improve.
Furthermore, for the purpose of balancing the pressure inside and outside the enclosure 2, when caisson sinks, water is introduced into the enclosure up to the groundwater level line. Cannot be accurately grasped, and excavation cannot be performed, so that the frame 2 cannot be subsided smoothly.
In such a case, the removal tool or the cleaning tool can be passed through the wall surface through hole 24 to destroy the foreign matter under the water surface.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the caisson structure of the present invention includes a plurality of metal blade edges 25 at the lower end of the wall surface body 23, and these metal blade edges 25 are formed on the wall surface body 23. It has a shape with a sharp corner at the bottom.
When the caisson is sinking, these metal blades 25 help to remove earth and sand and help to tear the bedrock, thereby smoothly sinking the enclosure 2.
In addition, in order to maximize the efficiency of the wall surface through-holes 24, the present invention provides each metal blade edge 25 at the lower end of the housing 2 and each wall surface in the embodiment of the present plan. It is installed so as not to touch the through hole 24.
However, this case is not limited to the form of this embodiment.

Further, the present invention is different from other prior arts in that significant technical improvements include the removal device 5 and the cleaning device 6 that pass through the wall surface through-hole 24 as shown in FIGS. is there.
When performing the subsidence work of this case, the rocks and earth and sand in the fuselage 2 are removed with an external excavator, but a blind spot is formed at the bottom of the fuselage 2 and is difficult to remove with the aforementioned excavator. It may be an obstacle to the setting of the driving body 2 and affect the construction.
Once the bottom of the fuselage 2 encounters a foreign object while it is being sunk, and the thruster 2 shifts due to an unbalanced force, the construction accuracy is affected.
Also, when encountering a large bedrock or hard bedrock and obstructing the settling, the removal device 5 is passed through the wall surface through hole 24 to remove foreign matters around the lower end of the wall 23 and the wall surface through hole 24, Without shifting or stagnating, the known disadvantages as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be overcome and the caisson can be smoothly laid.

As mentioned previously, when performing the construction work, water may be put into the groundwork 2 to maintain the atmospheric pressure inside and outside, so that the condition of foreign matter in the water can be accurately determined. Will not be able to grasp.
At such time, the removal tool 5 is passed through the wall surface through hole 24 to destroy the foreign matter in the water.
In addition, in order to prevent foreign matter from influencing this work in the process of sealing the bottom surface of the main body 2 after the main body 2 has been laid down to a predetermined depth, The foreign matter attached to the metal blade 25 is removed from the bottom and internal foreign matter.
This is because the removal tool 5 destroys the foreign matter around the lower end of the wall surface body 23 and the wall surface through-hole 24, and the cleaning tool 6 removes the foreign matter at the bottom and inside of the fuselage 2, thereby making the construction more efficient. It is a new invention that can be completed smoothly and efficiently, and can completely overcome the problems facing the current caisson press-fitting method.
In this example, the groundwater level line and the planned depth are the situations encountered in actual construction, and will not be described further.
In the present embodiment, the removal device 5 is assumed to be a breaker, an auger, or other device that breaks foreign matter through the wall surface through-hole 24, and the cleaning tool 6 is a pressure washer, pump, sand pump, or fuselage 2. Although the instrument etc. which remove the foreign material of the bottom face of this are assumed, this case is not limited to the form of this Example.

The explanation of applying the caisson structure of the present invention to the traditional caisson method will be continued.
See FIGS. 5-7.
One of the caisson application methods shown in the present invention includes the following steps.
Step 1: Press-fit the caisson structure body 2 described above into the ground of the designated area R2.
Step 2: The excavator 3 is passed through the through hole 20 to excavate foreign matter on the ground and discharged from the interior of the fuselage 2.
Step 3: Submerge the fuselage 2 on the ground.
Step 4: Repeat Step 2 and Step 3 to set up at the planned depth.
Step 5: The cleaning tool 6 is passed through the wall surface through-hole 24 to remove foreign matter on the bottom of the fuser 2, thereby avoiding the influence of the foreign matter on the sealing operation of the bottom of the fuser 2.
In addition, the foreign material on the bottom surface of the driver 2 can be removed from the cleaning tool 6 through the through hole 2 inside the driver 2.

Furthermore, in step 2, the removal tool 5 removes foreign matter around the wall surface through-hole 24, thereby preventing the precursor 2 from shifting and affecting the construction.
Among them, the procedure of the first type of caisson applied method in this case can be applied to the traditional caisson method.
For example, the open caisson method, the pneumatic caisson method, the underwater caisson method, the loading method, etc., the method excavates the ground by the pre-drilling method, transmits the dead weight of the fuselage 2 to the metal blade 25, and the metal The driving body 2 is sunk using the cutting edge 25 cut into the ground.
However, this is not the case.

The application of the caisson structure of the present invention to the press-fitting caisson method described above will be continued.
Refer to FIGS.
The present invention shows another caisson application method, which includes the following steps.
Step A: Press the caisson structure 2 described above into the ground of the designated area R2.
Step B: The press-fitting equipment 4 is installed on the fuselage 2, and the press-fitting equipment 4 is connected to at least one reaction force girder 40 at the upper end of the fuser 2, and at least one of the reaction force girder 40 at the upper end. It is connected to the jack 41.
In this embodiment, one reaction force girder 40 and two jacks 41 are assumed. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this embodiment.
Step C: The excavator 3 is passed through the through-hole 20 to excavate foreign matter on the ground, and then discharged from the inside of the driving body 2.
Step D: The reaction force girder is pushed using the force of the jack 41, and the body 2 is sunk.
Step E: Repeat Step C and Step D to sink the caisson to the expected depth.
Step F: The cleaning tool 6 (see FIG. 7) is passed through the wall surface through-hole 24 to remove foreign matter on the bottom surface of the box body 2, and the cleaning tool 6 is passed through the through-hole 20 to drive the body 2. Remove foreign material at the bottom.

  Furthermore, in Step C, the removal tool 5 is passed through the wall surface through hole 24 to remove foreign matter around it, thereby preventing the precursor 2 from shifting and affecting the construction.

The procedure of the second applied construction method of the present invention can be applied to the press-fitting caisson method, and in the construction process, a plurality of tension members 42 of reaction force girders 40 and jacks 41 are installed in a vertical combination, and further, The lowermost ends of the plurality of tension members 42 are fixed to anchors 431 on the ground.
The anchor 43 gives the connection strength and stability of the reaction force girder 40, the jack 41, and the tension member 42 during construction, and the jack 41 pushes down the reaction force girder 40 in a continuous downward motion by reaction on the tension member 42. , Thereby pushing down the fuselage 2 to the expected depth.
Among them, the jack has a jig capable of sandwiching a tension member, and each tension member 42 is connected to another tension member 42 to become one continuous metal connecting member.
The anchor 43 is a kind of device on the ground on which a plurality of PC steel stranded wires are installed and fixed, and the function of the anchor 43 is that the anchor steel wire is transmitted through the main structure to the surrounding close formation. However, the jack 41, the tension member 42, and the anchor 43 described above are already in the present construction method, and therefore will not be described in detail here.

As described above, the present invention destroys the foreign matter at the lower end of the wall surface body 23 and around each wall surface through hole 24 by passing the removal tool 5 through the wall surface through hole 24 of the wall surface body 23 of the drive unit 2. To improve three known drawbacks.
In addition, during caisson construction, water is injected into the groundwork 2 to make the inside and outside of the body 2 parallel to each other. However, foreign matter below the water level cannot be accurately grasped during the excavation process, and the body 2 Can no longer sink smoothly.
In addition, the removal tool 5 is destroyed through the wall surface through-hole 24 to remove foreign substances below the water level.
In addition to this, the present invention removes foreign matter adhering to the bottom of the body 2 and the metal blade 25 by passing the cleaning tool 6 through the wall surface through-hole 24 of the wall surface body 23 of the body 2. This prevents the bottom 2 of the body 2 from being affected.

However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The purpose is to allow the person in charge to fully understand the contents of the present invention through the embodiments, and does not limit the scope of the present invention.
Therefore, what is described in the embodiments of the present invention, that is, so-called equivalent changes and modifications such as shapes, structures, and features described so far should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Caisson 10 Cutting edge 11 Wall body R Ground R1 Area 2 Housing 20 Through-hole 21 1st opening part 22 2nd opening part 23 Wall 24 Wall surface through-hole 25 Metal cutting edge 3 Excavation equipment 4 Press fitting equipment 40 Reaction force girder 41 Jack 42 Tensile member 43 Anchor 5 Cleaning device 6 Removal device R2 Planned area

Claims (10)

  A type of caisson structure that can be adapted to the caisson method, with a single drive unit and a through hole inside the drive unit. The first opening connected to the through hole is on one side of the drive unit. And the second opening that is separated from the first opening is also connected to the through-hole, and there is a wall surface that surrounds the first opening, the second opening, and the through-hole. A caisson structure having a plurality of wall surface through-holes and parallel to the wall surface body.   The caisson structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of metal blades are distributed at the lower end of the wall surface, and the metal blades have an inverted square shape at the lower end of the wall surface. .   The caisson structure according to claim 1, further comprising a cleaning instrument through which the wall surface through-hole passes.   The caisson structure according to claim 1, further comprising a removal tool through which the wall surface through-hole passes. It is one kind of application of caisson construction method of caisson structure,
Step 1: Press the caisson into the ground of the designated area,
Step 2: Excavate foreign material on the ground with an excavator and discharge it from the caisson.
Step 3: Press caisson into the ground,
Step 4: Repeat Step 2 and Step 3 to sink to the planned depth,
The caisson structure is applied to the caisson structure.   6. The caisson structure caisson application method according to claim 5, wherein the step 2 further includes the use of a removal tool for removing foreign substances around the wall surface through hole through the wall surface through hole.   6. The caisson structure applied to caisson structure according to claim 5, further comprising step 5 after said step 4, i.e., removing foreign matter at the bottom of the fuselage with a cleaning tool that passes through the wall through hole. It is one kind of application of caisson construction method of caisson structure,
Step A: Press the fuselage into the ground of the designated area.
Step B: Install the press-fit equipment on top of the fuselage, and the press-fit equipment includes a reaction force girder connected to the fuselage and a jack connected to the reaction force girder.
Step C: Excavate foreign matter on the ground with an excavator and discharge it from the body.
Step D: Using the force with which the jack pushes the reaction force beam,
Step E: Repeat Step C and Step D, sink to the planned depth,
The caisson structure is applied to the caisson structure.   The caisson structure construction method according to claim 8, wherein the step C includes a cleaning tool that passes through the wall surface through hole and removes foreign matter around the wall surface through hole.   The caisson structure applied to caisson structure according to claim 8, wherein the foreign matter at the bottom of the caisson is removed by using a cleaning tool including step F after the step E, i.e., through a wall through hole. .

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