JP2016108731A - Drilling unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drilling unit with a high practical utility which can easily be mounted to an arm of a heavy machine as an attachment for use and which can drill a drilling target efficiently.SOLUTION: A drilling unit 10 comprises a bracket 12 detachably mounted to the tip of an arm 52 of a heavy machine, a drilling drum 14 attached to the bracket 12, and a rotary driving device 16 for rotating and driving the drilling drum 14. In the drilling unit, the drilling drum 14 comprises a cylindrical drum 20 having a peripheral side wall 22 and an end wall 24, and in the peripheral side wall 22 a plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 protruded in the outside direction are installed while in the end wall 24 a plurality of end wall bits 28 protruded in the outside direction are installed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavation apparatus for excavating ground, hard rock, concrete structures, and the like by attaching it as an attachment to the tip of an arm of a heavy machine such as a hydraulic excavator during various civil engineering work or construction work.

  An excavator is used as a civil engineering work machine when excavating road surfaces and slopes, excavating waterways and ditches, and removing old dikes in civil works such as roads, tunnels, and revetments. The excavator can dig while self-propelled without using explosives such as dynamite, is easy to use and has high safety, and is widely used for small- to medium-sized and eventually large-scale construction. As a conventional excavator, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a excavation head is attached to the tip of an arm of a hydraulic excavator having a freely swingable arm, and the excavation head is vertically and horizontally The one that excavates while moving freely is known. The excavation head of a hydraulic excavator in Patent Document 1 includes a motor attached to a bracket at the end of an arm of the excavator, a pair of rotating drums in which a large number of excavating blades are planted on a peripheral surface, and a pair of rotations of the motor. And a power transmission mechanism for transmitting to the drum, and a pair of rotating drums are rotated while being struck against the ground to be excavated or stirred.

JP 2002-4320 A

  In the excavation head of the hydraulic excavator disclosed in Patent Document 1, the rotary drum is rotated by rotating the horizontal axis so that the object to be excavated is applied from the tangential direction, and the motor has the output shaft in the vertical direction. It is configured so as to be transmitted after being converted into a right angle by a cross axis transmission mechanism such as the above. However, since the rotary drum is provided with excavation blades only on the peripheral surface, the direction of excavation by hitting the drum is limited, and free excavation may be hindered depending on the rock mass to be excavated. Further, since the power transmission mechanism has a bevel gear, the gear itself is complicated and the structure is likely to be complicated. In addition, a small gear or the like must be provided in a limited space, and the assembly accuracy is low. Therefore, there is a problem that the transmission force of the rotational torque becomes small and excavation with high torque cannot be realized. Furthermore, the strength of the gear itself was reduced, and the excavating blade of the rotating drum hit a hard bedrock and was easily damaged when a large load was applied to the transmission mechanism.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and one object thereof is a drilling device that can be used simply by attaching it to an arm of a heavy machine as an attachment, and can be used for efficiently drilling a drilling object. The object is to provide a drilling device having high performance. Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of reliably and efficiently transmitting rotational power.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a bracket 12 that is detachably attached to the tip of an arm 52 of a heavy machine (50), a drilling drum 14 that is attached to the bracket 12, and a rotation that drives the drilling drum 14 to rotate. The excavating drum 14 includes a cylindrical drum 20 having a peripheral side wall 22 and a tip wall 24. The peripheral side wall 22 is provided with a plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 protruding outward. At the same time, the tip wall 24 is constituted by the excavator 10 provided with a plurality of tip wall bits 28 protruding outward.

  The plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 are spirally arranged on the peripheral side wall 22 of the cylindrical drum 20, and each peripheral side wall bit 26 is tangential to the tangential direction D1 of the peripheral side wall 22 and the rotation axis C1 of the cylindrical drum. Are inclined at predetermined angles θ1 and θ2 in both directions D2 that are orthogonal to each other and are attached to the outer side of the peripheral side wall 22 and are arranged on the tip side of the excavating drum among the plurality of peripheral side wall bits. The side wall bit 26 (38) may be set such that the inclination angle θ2 with respect to the direction D2 perpendicular to the rotation axis C1 is larger than that of the other peripheral side wall bit 26 (36).

  Further, at the connecting portion between the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24, the chamfered portion 34 in which the connection angle in the side view between the direction along the rotation axis C <b> 1 and the tip wall 24 is set to an angle A larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees. May be provided.

  The peripheral wall bit 26 may be a conical bit, and the tip wall bit 28 may have a flat bit.

  The rotation drive device 16 includes a rotation motor 40 and a parallel shaft speed reducer 42. The rotation motor 40, the parallel shaft speed reducer 42, and the excavation drum 14 have their respective rotation axes parallel to each other, and the rotation motor. 40, the parallel shaft speed reducer 42, and the excavation drum 14 may be linearly arranged in this order and integrally assembled.

  In addition, a connecting portion 18 to the arm 52 is provided at the upper part of the bracket 12, and a case of the parallel shaft reducer 42 is attached to the lower part of the bracket 12, and the excavation drum 14 is disposed on the front side of the parallel shaft reducer 42. In addition, the rotary motor 40 may be disposed on the rear side of the parallel shaft reduction gear 42.

  According to the excavator of the present invention, the excavator includes a bracket that is detachably attached to an arm tip of a heavy machine, an excavator drum attached to the bracket, and a rotary drive device that rotationally drives the excavator drum, A cylindrical drum having a peripheral side wall and a front end wall, the peripheral side wall being provided with a plurality of peripheral side wall bits projecting outward, and the front end wall having a plurality of front end walls projecting outward Since the bit is provided, when excavating the object, the tip wall bit can be applied to the object while moving the excavating drum in the direction along the rotation axis, and the peripheral wall bit can also be excavated. The tip wall bit and the peripheral wall bit can be excavated efficiently while cooperating with each other or with each other.

  Further, the plurality of peripheral side wall bits are spirally arranged on the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical drum, and each peripheral side wall bit is either in the tangential direction of the peripheral side wall or in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cylindrical drum. Are also inclined toward the outer side of the peripheral side wall at a predetermined angle, and the peripheral side wall bit arranged on the tip side of the excavating drum among the plurality of peripheral side wall bits is in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. By adopting a configuration in which the inclination angle is set to be larger than that of the other peripheral side wall bits, when the excavation drum is moved along the rotation axis direction and the object is excavated, the front end of the peripheral side wall bit on the front end side Can be excavated efficiently even on relatively hard rock.

  In addition, the connecting portion between the peripheral side wall and the tip wall is provided with a chamfered portion in which a side-view connection angle between the direction along the rotation axis and the tip wall is set to an angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees. By doing so, it is possible to stably attach bits having different angles, and to efficiently excavate when excavating an object by moving the excavating drum along the rotation axis direction.

  The peripheral wall bit is composed of a conical bit, and the tip wall bit has a flat bit, so that the resistance of the tip wall bit is small when excavating an object by moving the excavating drum along the rotation axis direction. At the same time as applying a large load, the peripheral side wall bit can be excavated with a sharp bit tip having a high excavation force on the target object, and the target object can be excavated efficiently.

  The rotation drive device includes a rotation motor and a parallel shaft speed reducer, and the rotation motor, the parallel shaft speed reducer, and the excavation drum have respective rotation axes parallel to each other, and the rotation motor, the parallel shaft speed reducer, By adopting a configuration in which the excavating drums are arranged linearly in the order and assembled together, the excavating drum has a simple structure and has a low transmission loss in the rotary drive device that transmits the rotational force, and reliably with high torque. Rotational force can be transmitted to and a large excavation force can be obtained.

  The bracket is provided with a connecting portion with an arm, and a parallel shaft reducer case is attached to the lower portion of the bracket. An excavation drum is disposed on the front side of the parallel shaft reducer, and a parallel axis reduction gear is provided. By adopting a configuration in which the rotary motor is arranged on the rear side of the machine, each member including the excavating drum and the rotary motor can be stably and efficiently arranged. In addition, the workability including the work of connecting the rotary motor to the hydraulic drive source to the heavy machinery can be improved.

1 is a side view of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the excavator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the state which attached the excavator of FIG. 1 to the hydraulic shovel.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the excavator of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The excavation apparatus according to the present invention is an attachment apparatus for excavation that is suitable for excavating the ground, concrete, or the like by being detachably attached to an arm of a heavy machine such as a hydraulic excavator during civil engineering or construction work. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the excavator of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, in the present embodiment, the excavation device 10 includes a bracket 12, an excavation drum 14, and a rotation drive device 16.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the excavator 10 of the present embodiment is used by being detachably attached as an attachment to the tip of an arm 52 of a heavy work machine such as a known hydraulic excavator 50. The hydraulic excavator 50 can freely move the arm 52 and the boom 54 assembled so as to be swingable with each other, such as raising, lowering, bending, and extending via hydraulic pressure. In addition, the excavator 50 can be self-propelled by the crawler 56 and the body including the cockpit, the arm, and the like can turn horizontally with respect to the crawler 56.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bracket 12 is a support means for detachably attaching to the end of an arm of a heavy machine such as the hydraulic excavator 50. The bracket 12 includes, for example, a connecting portion 18 that is connected to the upper end of the bracket 12 via the swing shaft 52a. The bracket 12 can swing freely around the swing shaft 52 a of the arm by the hydraulic control of the hydraulic excavator 50 and can change the angle. An excavation drum 14 and a rotation drive device 16 are attached to the lower part of the bracket 12.

  The excavation drum 14 is excavation means that is attached to the bracket 12 and is rotationally driven by the rotation drive device 14 to excavate an object. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavation drum 14 includes, for example, a substantially cylindrical cylindrical drum 20. The cylindrical drum 20 has a peripheral side wall 22 and a front end wall 24, and a base end side facing the front end wall 24 is connected to the output shaft 30 of the rotation driving device 16, and is directed around the rotation axis C <b> 1 in the rotation direction R. Rotate around the axis. The peripheral side wall 22 of the cylindrical drum 20 is provided with a plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 protruding outward, and the front end wall 24 of the cylindrical drum 20 has a plurality of distal ends protruding outward. A wall bit 28 is provided. The excavation drum 14 is arranged in a direction in which the direction of the rotation axis C <b> 1 is orthogonal to the axial direction of the swing shaft 52 a at the tip of the arm 52 of the hydraulic excavator 50 connected to the bracket 12.

  The peripheral side wall 22 has substantially the same diameter in the direction along the rotation axis C1 from the base end side 25, and is integrated with a truncated cone-shaped portion formed in a tapered shape at a part on the tip end side of the cylindrical drum. Is formed. A bit mounting portion 32 is fixed to the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical drum 20 so as to detachably mount a bit described later at a predetermined angle. The tip wall 24 is formed in, for example, a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis from the edge of the peripheral side wall or a substantially conical shape slightly raised toward the rotation center. A bit mounting portion 32 is fixed to the distal end wall 24 for detachably mounting a later-described bit at a predetermined angle.

  In the cylindrical drum 20, a tapered chamfered portion 34 is provided at a connection portion between the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24. The chamfered portion 34 is provided such that the diameter gradually decreases from the peripheral side wall 22, and the side view connection angle A between the direction along the rotation axis C <b> 1 of the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24 is set to about 45 degrees. Yes. That is, a chamfered portion 34 that is reduced so as to be inclined at about 45 degrees from the tip of the peripheral side wall 22 in a side view is formed, and the tip wall 24 is connected to the tip edge. In the chamfered portion 34, for example, the side-view connection angle A between the direction along the rotation axis C <b> 1 of the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24 is set to an angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees (0 <A <90). It is good to have. The chamfered portion 34 is also provided with a bit mounting portion 32 for detachably mounting a later-described bit at a predetermined angle.

  The peripheral side wall bit 26 is spirally arranged on the peripheral side wall 22 with the front end of the bit facing the rotation direction R side, and is attached to the peripheral side wall 22 so as to project outward through the bit attachment portion 32. The peripheral wall bit 26 is made of, for example, a conical bit having a sharp excavating blade with a tapered tip. As shown in FIG. 2, when viewed along the direction of the rotation axis C <b> 1, each peripheral side wall bit 26 is attached at a predetermined angle θ <b> 0 with respect to the tangential direction D <b> 1 of the peripheral side wall 22. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in a side view, each peripheral side wall bit 26 is inclined at predetermined angles θ 1 and θ 2 in the direction D 2 that is orthogonal to the rotation axis C 1 of the cylindrical drum 20. It is attached toward the direction. That is, each peripheral side wall bit 26 is attached so that the direction of the bit tip is inclined toward the drum tip side by angles θ1 and θ2 with respect to a virtual surface (virtual surface VS) orthogonal to the rotation axis C1. ing.

  More specifically, the drum body is substantially the whole (from the base end side to the chamfered portion 34) except for those arranged in the vicinity of the distal end side, that is, the chamfered portion 34 among the plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 arranged in a spiral shape. In the first peripheral side wall bit 36 disposed over the angle θ1, the angle θ1 with respect to the direction D2 (virtual surface VS) orthogonal to the rotation axis C1 is set to 10 to 40 degrees, for example. On the other hand, among the plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26, in the second peripheral side wall bit 36 disposed on the tip side, that is, in the vicinity of the chamfered portion 34, the angle θ2 with respect to the direction D2 (virtual surface VS) orthogonal to the rotation axis is, for example, , 40 to 60 degrees, and θ1 <θ2. That is, the plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 are arranged on the tip side of the excavating drum 14, and the second peripheral side wall bit 34 has an inclination angle θ2 with respect to the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis C <b> 1 and the other first peripheral side wall bits 36. The tilt angle is set to be larger than the tilt angle θ1. Further, the second peripheral side wall bit 36 disposed at the tip side portion is attached to a chamfer 34 inclined at an angle A different from that of the peripheral side wall 22, and the angle of the peripheral side wall 22 with respect to the tangential direction D1 is also different. . As a result, when excavating the excavating drum 14 while moving it in a direction substantially along the rotational axis direction, for the object portion corresponding to the distal end side of the excavating drum 14, the distal end wall bit 28 and the second peripheral side wall bit facing forward. 38 can be excavated in cooperation with each other, and the portion of the object that hits the periphery of the excavating drum can be excavated by the first peripheral side wall bit 36 and the second peripheral side wall bit 38, and the object can be excavated efficiently. Furthermore, the second peripheral side wall bit 36 having a different mounting angle from the other bits can be fixed at a desired angle in a stable state by the chamfered portion 34.

  In the present embodiment, the tip wall bit 28 protrudes and is fixed from the tip wall 24 in a direction substantially along the direction of the rotation axis C1 or in a direction slightly inclined with respect to the rotation axis C1. The plurality of tip wall bits 28 are arranged to be separated from each other, and two tip wall bits 28 are arranged in a substantially point-oriented manner around the rotation axis C1. The number and arrangement of the tip wall bits may be arbitrarily set. Each tip wall bit 28 is composed of, for example, a flat bit having a digging blade having a substantially straight tip, and protrudes from the wall surface of the tip wall 24 with the tip of the blade facing in the direction of approximately 90 degrees. When the tip wall bit 28 hits the object, the resistance is relatively small and the drilling can be performed smoothly.

  The rotation drive device 16 is a drive means for driving the excavation drum 14 to rotate. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotation drive device 16 includes, for example, a rotation motor 40 and a speed reducer 42 that transmits the power of the rotation motor 40 to the excavation drum 14. The rotary motor 40 is composed of, for example, a hydraulic motor supported by the bracket 12 and is hydraulically driven by being connected to a hydraulic system of a hydraulic excavator.

  The speed reducer 42 is a parallel shaft speed reducer that is arranged in parallel with the rotation axis C2 of the rotary motor 40 and in which the rotation axes of a plurality of gears that mesh with each other are arranged in parallel with each other. The speed reducer 42 is configured by housing a plurality of gears, rotating shafts, bearings, and the like in a case, and the case is fixed and supported on the lower side of the bracket 12. The reduction gear 42 and the rotary motor 40 are arranged so that their rotation axes are orthogonal to the axial direction of the swing shaft 52 a of the arm 52. The excavation drum 14 is attached to the output shaft 30 of the speed reducer 42 in a state where the rotation shaft C1 of the drum is arranged in parallel with the rotation shaft of the gear in the speed reducer 42 and the rotation shaft C2 of the rotation motor 40. Therefore, the rotation motor 40, the reduction gear 42, and the excavation drum 14 are assembled | attached so that each rotating shaft may be parallel. Further, with the reduction gear 42 supported by the bracket as the center, the excavation drum 14 is arranged on the front side of the reduction gear 42 and the rotation motor 40 is arranged on the rear side of the reduction gear 42. 42 and the excavation drum 14 are linearly arranged in this order and assembled together. Thereby, rotation transmission efficiency is good, the excavation drum 14 can be rotated with high torque, and a big excavation force can be generated, and a hard bedrock or the like can be excavated smoothly.

  Next, the operation of the excavator 10 according to this embodiment will be described. For example, when it is necessary to excavate or excavate ground or a concrete structure at a civil engineering work site such as a road or a tunnel, as shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the arm 52 of a heavy machine such as a hydraulic excavator 50 is used. The excavator 10 is attached as an attachment. The excavator 50 is moved to the excavation site, and the arm 52, the boom 54 and the like are moved up and down, bent and stretched, and the body is horizontally swung left and right, and the rotated excavation drum 14 is applied to the excavation object. And drilling. When the excavation drum 14 is moved in the direction along the rotation axis C1, the excavation drum 14 can be first dug against the object from the tip wall bit 28. Further, when the excavation drum 14 is advanced, the tip end wall bit 28 and the peripheral side wall bit 26 (the second peripheral side wall bit 38 and the other first peripheral side wall bits 36 disposed closer to the front end) cooperate to smoothly smooth the object. Can be excavated. In addition, since the rotary motor, the parallel shaft reducer, and the excavating drum are arranged in parallel, the rotational force transmission efficiency is high, and a large excavating force can be exhibited with high torque. Furthermore, if necessary, the object can be excavated while moving the excavating drum 14 also in the direction intersecting the rotation axis C1. Thus, the object portion corresponding to the tip side of the excavation drum can be efficiently excavated by the tip wall bit 24 and the second peripheral side wall bit 38 with the bit tip directed to the tip side, and the object portion corresponding to the periphery of the excavation drum is The second peripheral side wall bit 38 and the first peripheral side wall bit 36 having a different angle from each other can cooperate with each other to efficiently excavate. As a result, the excavation work can be smoothly performed as a whole while moving the excavation drum 14 in various directions according to the object at the excavation site.

  The excavator of the present invention described above is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment alone, and may be arbitrarily modified without departing from the essence of the present invention described in the claims. .

  The excavator of the present invention can be used by being attached to a work machine such as a hydraulic excavator or an arm of a heavy machine as an attachment for excavation, for example, in the case of road works, tunnels, dikes, waterway works, and other civil engineering and building works.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavator 12 Bracket 14 Excavation drum 16 Rotation drive device 18 Connection part 20 Cylindrical drum 22 Peripheral side wall 24 Front end wall 26 Peripheral side wall bit 28 Front end wall bit 34 Chamfer part 40 Rotation motor 42 Reduction gear 52 Arm

  The present invention relates to an excavation apparatus for excavating ground, hard rock, concrete structures, and the like by attaching it as an attachment to the tip of an arm of a heavy machine such as a hydraulic excavator during various civil engineering work or construction work.

  An excavator is used as a civil engineering work machine when excavating road surfaces and slopes, excavating waterways and ditches, and removing old dikes in civil works such as roads, tunnels, and revetments. The excavator can dig while self-propelled without using explosives such as dynamite, is easy to use and has high safety, and is widely used for small- to medium-sized and eventually large-scale construction. As a conventional excavator, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a excavation head is attached to the tip of an arm of a hydraulic excavator having a freely swingable arm, and the excavation head is vertically and horizontally The one that excavates while moving freely is known. The excavation head of a hydraulic excavator in Patent Document 1 includes a motor attached to a bracket at the end of an arm of the excavator, a pair of rotating drums in which a large number of excavating blades are planted on a peripheral surface, and a pair of rotations of the motor. And a power transmission mechanism for transmitting to the drum, and a pair of rotating drums are rotated while being struck against the ground to be excavated or stirred.

JP 2002-4320 A

  In the excavation head of the hydraulic excavator disclosed in Patent Document 1, the rotary drum is rotated by rotating the horizontal axis so that the object to be excavated is applied from the tangential direction, and the motor has the output shaft in the vertical direction. It is configured so as to be transmitted after being converted into a right angle by a cross axis transmission mechanism such as the above. However, since the rotary drum is provided with excavation blades only on the peripheral surface, the direction of excavation by hitting the drum is limited, and free excavation may be hindered depending on the rock mass to be excavated. Further, since the power transmission mechanism has a bevel gear, the gear itself is complicated and the structure is likely to be complicated. In addition, a small gear or the like must be provided in a limited space, and the assembly accuracy is low. Therefore, there is a problem that the transmission force of the rotational torque becomes small and excavation with high torque cannot be realized. Furthermore, the strength of the gear itself was reduced, and the excavating blade of the rotating drum hit a hard bedrock and was easily damaged when a large load was applied to the transmission mechanism.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and one object thereof is a drilling device that can be used simply by attaching it to an arm of a heavy machine as an attachment, and can be used for efficiently drilling a drilling object. The object is to provide a drilling device having high performance. Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavator capable of reliably and efficiently transmitting rotational power.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a bracket 12 that is detachably attached to the tip of an arm 52 of a heavy machine (50), a drilling drum 14 that is attached to the bracket 12, and a rotation that drives the drilling drum 14 to rotate. The excavating drum 14 includes a cylindrical drum 20 having a peripheral side wall 22 and a tip wall 24. The peripheral side wall 22 is provided with a plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 protruding outward. At the same time, the tip wall 24 is provided with a plurality of tip wall bits 28 protruding outward , and the plurality of peripheral wall bits 26 are spirally arranged on the peripheral wall 22 of the cylindrical drum 20. The peripheral side wall bit 26 is inclined at predetermined angles θ 1 and θ 2 in both the tangential direction D 1 of the peripheral side wall 22 and the direction D 2 perpendicular to the rotation axis C 1 of the cylindrical drum, and is directed outward of the peripheral side wall 22. Mounting Of the plurality of peripheral side wall bits, the peripheral side wall bit 26 (38) disposed on the front end side of the excavating drum has an inclination angle θ2 with respect to the direction D2 that is orthogonal to the rotation axis C1 and the other peripheral side wall bits. The excavator 10 is set to be inclined more than 26 (36) .

  Further, at the connecting portion between the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24, the chamfered portion 34 in which the connection angle in the side view between the direction along the rotation axis C <b> 1 and the tip wall 24 is set to an angle A larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees. May be provided.

  The peripheral wall bit 26 may be a conical bit, and the tip wall bit 28 may have a flat bit.

  The rotation drive device 16 includes a rotation motor 40 and a parallel shaft speed reducer 42. The rotation motor 40, the parallel shaft speed reducer 42, and the excavation drum 14 have their respective rotation axes parallel to each other, and the rotation motor. 40, the parallel shaft speed reducer 42, and the excavation drum 14 may be linearly arranged in this order and integrally assembled.

  In addition, a connecting portion 18 to the arm 52 is provided at the upper part of the bracket 12, and a case of the parallel shaft reducer 42 is attached to the lower part of the bracket 12, and the excavation drum 14 is disposed on the front side of the parallel shaft reducer 42. In addition, the rotary motor 40 may be disposed on the rear side of the parallel shaft reduction gear 42.

  According to the excavator of the present invention, the excavator includes a bracket that is detachably attached to an arm tip of a heavy machine, an excavator drum attached to the bracket, and a rotary drive device that rotationally drives the excavator drum, A cylindrical drum having a peripheral side wall and a front end wall, the peripheral side wall being provided with a plurality of peripheral side wall bits projecting outward, and the front end wall having a plurality of front end walls projecting outward Since the bit is provided, when excavating the object, the tip wall bit can be applied to the object while moving the excavating drum in the direction along the rotation axis, and the peripheral wall bit can also be excavated. The tip wall bit and the peripheral wall bit can be excavated efficiently while cooperating with each other or with each other.

  Further, the plurality of peripheral side wall bits are spirally arranged on the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical drum, and each peripheral side wall bit is either in the tangential direction of the peripheral side wall or in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the cylindrical drum. Are also inclined toward the outer side of the peripheral side wall at a predetermined angle, and the peripheral side wall bit arranged on the tip side of the excavating drum among the plurality of peripheral side wall bits is in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. By adopting a configuration in which the inclination angle is set to be larger than that of the other peripheral side wall bits, when the excavation drum is moved along the rotation axis direction and the object is excavated, the front end of the peripheral side wall bit on the front end side Can be excavated efficiently even on relatively hard rock.

  In addition, the connecting portion between the peripheral side wall and the tip wall is provided with a chamfered portion in which a side-view connection angle between the direction along the rotation axis and the tip wall is set to an angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees. By doing so, it is possible to stably attach bits having different angles, and to efficiently excavate when excavating an object by moving the excavating drum along the rotation axis direction.

  The peripheral wall bit is composed of a conical bit, and the tip wall bit has a flat bit, so that the resistance of the tip wall bit is small when excavating an object by moving the excavating drum along the rotation axis direction. At the same time as applying a large load, the peripheral side wall bit can be excavated with a sharp bit tip having a high excavation force on the target object, and the target object can be excavated efficiently.

  The rotation drive device includes a rotation motor and a parallel shaft speed reducer, and the rotation motor, the parallel shaft speed reducer, and the excavation drum have respective rotation axes parallel to each other, and the rotation motor, the parallel shaft speed reducer, By adopting a configuration in which the excavating drums are arranged linearly in the order and assembled together, the excavating drum has a simple structure and has a low transmission loss in the rotary drive device that transmits the rotational force, and reliably with high torque. Rotational force can be transmitted to and a large excavation force can be obtained.

  The bracket is provided with a connecting portion with an arm, and a parallel shaft reducer case is attached to the lower portion of the bracket. An excavation drum is disposed on the front side of the parallel shaft reducer, and a parallel axis reduction gear is provided. By adopting a configuration in which the rotary motor is arranged on the rear side of the machine, each member including the excavating drum and the rotary motor can be stably and efficiently arranged. In addition, the workability including the work of connecting the rotary motor to the hydraulic drive source to the heavy machinery can be improved.

1 is a side view of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the excavator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the state which attached the excavator of FIG. 1 to the hydraulic shovel.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the excavator of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The excavation apparatus according to the present invention is an attachment apparatus for excavation that is suitable for excavating the ground, concrete, or the like by being detachably attached to an arm of a heavy machine such as a hydraulic excavator during civil engineering or construction work. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the excavator of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, in the present embodiment, the excavation device 10 includes a bracket 12, an excavation drum 14, and a rotation drive device 16.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the excavator 10 of the present embodiment is used by being detachably attached as an attachment to the tip of an arm 52 of a heavy work machine such as a known hydraulic excavator 50. The hydraulic excavator 50 can freely move the arm 52 and the boom 54 assembled so as to be swingable with each other, such as raising, lowering, bending, and extending via hydraulic pressure. In addition, the excavator 50 can be self-propelled by the crawler 56 and the body including the cockpit, the arm, and the like can turn horizontally with respect to the crawler 56.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bracket 12 is a support means for detachably attaching to the end of an arm of a heavy machine such as the hydraulic excavator 50. The bracket 12 includes, for example, a connecting portion 18 that is connected to the upper end of the bracket 12 via the swing shaft 52a. The bracket 12 can swing freely around the swing shaft 52 a of the arm by the hydraulic control of the hydraulic excavator 50 and can change the angle. An excavation drum 14 and a rotation drive device 16 are attached to the lower part of the bracket 12.

  The excavation drum 14 is excavation means that is attached to the bracket 12 and is rotationally driven by the rotation drive device 14 to excavate an object. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavation drum 14 includes, for example, a substantially cylindrical cylindrical drum 20. The cylindrical drum 20 has a peripheral side wall 22 and a front end wall 24, and a base end side facing the front end wall 24 is connected to the output shaft 30 of the rotation driving device 16, and is directed around the rotation axis C <b> 1 in the rotation direction R. Rotate around the axis. The peripheral side wall 22 of the cylindrical drum 20 is provided with a plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 protruding outward, and the front end wall 24 of the cylindrical drum 20 has a plurality of distal ends protruding outward. A wall bit 28 is provided. The excavation drum 14 is arranged in a direction in which the direction of the rotation axis C <b> 1 is orthogonal to the axial direction of the swing shaft 52 a at the tip of the arm 52 of the hydraulic excavator 50 connected to the bracket 12.

  The peripheral side wall 22 has substantially the same diameter in the direction along the rotation axis C1 from the base end side 25, and is integrated with a truncated cone-shaped portion formed in a tapered shape at a part on the tip end side of the cylindrical drum. Is formed. A bit mounting portion 32 is fixed to the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical drum 20 so as to detachably mount a bit described later at a predetermined angle. The tip wall 24 is formed in, for example, a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis from the edge of the peripheral side wall or a substantially conical shape slightly raised toward the rotation center. A bit mounting portion 32 is fixed to the distal end wall 24 for detachably mounting a later-described bit at a predetermined angle.

  In the cylindrical drum 20, a tapered chamfered portion 34 is provided at a connection portion between the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24. The chamfered portion 34 is provided such that the diameter gradually decreases from the peripheral side wall 22, and the side view connection angle A between the direction along the rotation axis C <b> 1 of the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24 is set to about 45 degrees. Yes. That is, a chamfered portion 34 that is reduced so as to be inclined at about 45 degrees from the tip of the peripheral side wall 22 in a side view is formed, and the tip wall 24 is connected to the tip edge. In the chamfered portion 34, for example, the side-view connection angle A between the direction along the rotation axis C <b> 1 of the peripheral side wall 22 and the tip wall 24 is set to an angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees (0 <A <90). It is good to have. The chamfered portion 34 is also provided with a bit mounting portion 32 for detachably mounting a later-described bit at a predetermined angle.

  The peripheral side wall bit 26 is spirally arranged on the peripheral side wall 22 with the front end of the bit facing the rotation direction R side, and is attached to the peripheral side wall 22 so as to project outward through the bit attachment portion 32. The peripheral wall bit 26 is made of, for example, a conical bit having a sharp excavating blade with a tapered tip. As shown in FIG. 2, when viewed along the direction of the rotation axis C <b> 1, each peripheral side wall bit 26 is attached at a predetermined angle θ <b> 0 with respect to the tangential direction D <b> 1 of the peripheral side wall 22. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in a side view, each peripheral side wall bit 26 is inclined at predetermined angles θ 1 and θ 2 in the direction D 2 that is orthogonal to the rotation axis C 1 of the cylindrical drum 20. It is attached toward the direction. That is, each peripheral side wall bit 26 is attached so that the direction of the bit tip is inclined toward the drum tip side by angles θ1 and θ2 with respect to a virtual surface (virtual surface VS) orthogonal to the rotation axis C1. ing.

  More specifically, the drum body is substantially the whole (from the base end side to the chamfered portion 34) except for those arranged in the vicinity of the distal end side, that is, the chamfered portion 34 among the plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 arranged in a spiral shape. In the first peripheral side wall bit 36 disposed over the angle θ1, the angle θ1 with respect to the direction D2 (virtual surface VS) orthogonal to the rotation axis C1 is set to 10 to 40 degrees, for example. On the other hand, among the plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26, in the second peripheral side wall bit 36 disposed on the tip side, that is, in the vicinity of the chamfered portion 34, the angle θ2 with respect to the direction D2 (virtual surface VS) orthogonal to the rotation axis is, for example, , 40 to 60 degrees, and θ1 <θ2. That is, the plurality of peripheral side wall bits 26 are arranged on the tip side of the excavating drum 14, and the second peripheral side wall bit 34 has an inclination angle θ2 with respect to the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis C <b> 1 and the other first peripheral side wall bits 36. The tilt angle is set to be larger than the tilt angle θ1. Further, the second peripheral side wall bit 36 disposed at the tip side portion is attached to a chamfer 34 inclined at an angle A different from that of the peripheral side wall 22, and the angle of the peripheral side wall 22 with respect to the tangential direction D1 is also different. . As a result, when excavating the excavating drum 14 while moving it in a direction substantially along the rotational axis direction, for the object portion corresponding to the distal end side of the excavating drum 14, the distal end wall bit 28 and the second peripheral side wall bit facing forward. 38 can be excavated in cooperation with each other, and the portion of the object that hits the periphery of the excavating drum can be excavated by the first peripheral side wall bit 36 and the second peripheral side wall bit 38, and the object can be excavated efficiently. Furthermore, the second peripheral side wall bit 36 having a different mounting angle from the other bits can be fixed at a desired angle in a stable state by the chamfered portion 34.

  In the present embodiment, the tip wall bit 28 protrudes and is fixed from the tip wall 24 in a direction substantially along the direction of the rotation axis C1 or in a direction slightly inclined with respect to the rotation axis C1. The plurality of tip wall bits 28 are arranged to be separated from each other, and two tip wall bits 28 are arranged in a substantially point-oriented manner around the rotation axis C1. The number and arrangement of the tip wall bits may be arbitrarily set. Each tip wall bit 28 is composed of, for example, a flat bit having a digging blade having a substantially straight tip, and protrudes from the wall surface of the tip wall 24 with the tip of the blade facing in the direction of approximately 90 degrees. When the tip wall bit 28 hits the object, the resistance is relatively small and the drilling can be performed smoothly.

  The rotation drive device 16 is a drive means for driving the excavation drum 14 to rotate. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotation drive device 16 includes, for example, a rotation motor 40 and a speed reducer 42 that transmits the power of the rotation motor 40 to the excavation drum 14. The rotary motor 40 is composed of, for example, a hydraulic motor supported by the bracket 12 and is hydraulically driven by being connected to a hydraulic system of a hydraulic excavator.

  The speed reducer 42 is a parallel shaft speed reducer that is arranged in parallel with the rotation axis C2 of the rotary motor 40 and in which the rotation axes of a plurality of gears that mesh with each other are arranged in parallel with each other. The speed reducer 42 is configured by housing a plurality of gears, rotating shafts, bearings, and the like in a case, and the case is fixed and supported on the lower side of the bracket 12. The reduction gear 42 and the rotary motor 40 are arranged so that their rotation axes are orthogonal to the axial direction of the swing shaft 52 a of the arm 52. The excavation drum 14 is attached to the output shaft 30 of the speed reducer 42 in a state where the rotation shaft C1 of the drum is arranged in parallel with the rotation shaft of the gear in the speed reducer 42 and the rotation shaft C2 of the rotation motor 40. Therefore, the rotation motor 40, the reduction gear 42, and the excavation drum 14 are assembled | attached so that each rotating shaft may be parallel. Further, with the reduction gear 42 supported by the bracket as the center, the excavation drum 14 is arranged on the front side of the reduction gear 42 and the rotation motor 40 is arranged on the rear side of the reduction gear 42. 42 and the excavation drum 14 are linearly arranged in this order and assembled together. Thereby, rotation transmission efficiency is good, the excavation drum 14 can be rotated with high torque, and a big excavation force can be generated, and a hard bedrock or the like can be excavated smoothly.

  Next, the operation of the excavator 10 according to this embodiment will be described. For example, when it is necessary to excavate or excavate ground or a concrete structure at a civil engineering work site such as a road or a tunnel, as shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the arm 52 of a heavy machine such as a hydraulic excavator 50 is used. The excavator 10 is attached as an attachment. The excavator 50 is moved to the excavation site, and the arm 52, the boom 54 and the like are moved up and down, bent and stretched, and the body is horizontally swung left and right, and the rotated excavation drum 14 is applied to the excavation object. And drilling. When the excavation drum 14 is moved in the direction along the rotation axis C1, the excavation drum 14 can be first dug against the object from the tip wall bit 28. Further, when the excavation drum 14 is advanced, the tip end wall bit 28 and the peripheral side wall bit 26 (the second peripheral side wall bit 38 and the other first peripheral side wall bits 36 disposed closer to the front end) cooperate to smoothly smooth the object. Can be excavated. In addition, since the rotary motor, the parallel shaft reducer, and the excavating drum are arranged in parallel, the rotational force transmission efficiency is high, and a large excavating force can be exhibited with high torque. Furthermore, if necessary, the object can be excavated while moving the excavating drum 14 also in the direction intersecting the rotation axis C1. Thus, the object portion corresponding to the tip side of the excavation drum can be efficiently excavated by the tip wall bit 24 and the second peripheral side wall bit 38 with the bit tip directed to the tip side, and the object portion corresponding to the periphery of the excavation drum is The second peripheral side wall bit 38 and the first peripheral side wall bit 36 having a different angle from each other can cooperate with each other to efficiently excavate. As a result, the excavation work can be smoothly performed as a whole while moving the excavation drum 14 in various directions according to the object at the excavation site.

  The excavator of the present invention described above is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment alone, and may be arbitrarily modified without departing from the essence of the present invention described in the claims. .

  The excavator of the present invention can be used by being attached to a work machine such as a hydraulic excavator or an arm of a heavy machine as an attachment for excavation, for example, in the case of road works, tunnels, dikes, waterway works, and other civil engineering and building works.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavator 12 Bracket 14 Excavation drum 16 Rotation drive device 18 Connection part 20 Cylindrical drum 22 Peripheral side wall 24 Front end wall 26 Peripheral side wall bit 28 Front end wall bit 34 Chamfer part 40 Rotation motor 42 Reduction gear 52 Arm

Claims (6)

A bracket detachably attached to the arm tip of the heavy machine, an excavation drum attached to the bracket, and a rotation drive device that rotationally drives the excavation drum,
The excavation drum consists of a cylindrical drum having a peripheral wall and a tip wall,
The peripheral side wall is provided with a plurality of peripheral side wall bits protruding outward,
An excavation apparatus characterized in that a plurality of tip wall bits projecting outward are provided on the tip wall. The plurality of peripheral side wall bits are spirally arranged on the peripheral side wall of the cylindrical drum,
Each peripheral side wall bit is attached to both the tangential direction of the peripheral side wall and the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the cylindrical drum at a predetermined angle toward the outer side of the peripheral side wall,
Of the plurality of peripheral side wall bits, the peripheral side wall bit disposed on the tip side of the excavation drum is set such that an inclination angle with respect to a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis is inclined larger than other peripheral side wall bits. The excavator according to claim 1.   The connecting portion between the peripheral side wall and the tip wall is provided with a chamfered portion in which a connection angle in a side view between the direction along the rotation axis and the tip wall is set to an angle larger than 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees. The excavator according to claim 2. The peripheral wall bit consists of a conical bit,
4. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the tip wall bit has a flat bit. The rotation drive device includes a rotation motor and a parallel shaft speed reducer. The rotation motor, the parallel shaft speed reducer, and the excavation drum have respective rotation axes in parallel, and the rotation motor, the parallel axis speed reducer, and the excavation drum. The excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the excavator is linearly arranged in the order of and assembled integrally.   A connecting portion with an arm is provided at the upper part of the bracket, and a case of a parallel shaft reducer is attached to the lower part of the bracket. An excavation drum is disposed on the front side of the parallel shaft reducer, and The excavator according to claim 5, wherein a rotary motor is disposed on the rear side.

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