JP2016100908A - Rotary electric machine and speed changer comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary electric machine that has a simple configuration without using a hydraulic actuator, and to provide a speed changer using the same.SOLUTION: Provided are a rotary electric machine and a speed changer. The rotary electric machine comprises: a stator 10 around which an excitation coil for flowing a torque generation current is wound; and a rotor 12 arranged opposingly to the stator 10 and that generates a torque. The rotor 12 has: a torque generation rotation body 20 that can only rotate and that generates a torque; and a movable rotation body 22 that can rotate together with the torque generation rotation body 20 in a state restricted to the rotation of the torque generation rotation body 20, and that can translationally move in a rotation axis direction of the rotor 12 in a state that it can rotate relatively to the torque generation rotation body 20. The rotary electric machine comprises an actuator 14 that makes the movable rotation body 22 be in a state restricted to the rotation of the torque generation rotation body 20 or in a state that it can relatively rotate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine and a transmission including the same.

  A transmission such as an automatic transmission (AT) or a continuously variable transmission (CVT) requires a hydraulic actuator as its power. In such a transmission, an oil pressure is adjusted by driving an oil pump based on an instruction from a computer and the like, and a planetary gear train and a pulley are driven to perform a shift.

  By the way, in the conventional AT or CVT, it is necessary to drive a hydraulic actuator for shifting, and there is a problem that such a hydraulic actuator consumes a large amount of energy. There is also a problem that the mechanism of the hydraulic actuator is complicated and the apparatus cannot be simplified.

  One aspect of the present invention includes a stator around which an exciting coil for passing a torque generating current is wound, and a rotor that is arranged to face the stator and generates torque, and the rotor can only rotate and torque. And a rotation of the rotor in a state where it can rotate together with the torque generation rotating body while being able to rotate relative to the torque generation rotating body. A rotary electric machine comprising: a moving rotary body capable of translational movement in an axial direction; and an actuator that makes the movable rotary body constrained by a rotation of a torque generating rotary body or a relatively rotatable state It is.

  Here, the torque generating rotator and the moving rotator are coupled by a screw mechanism provided in the rotation axis direction, and the moving rotator is rotated by relative rotation between the torque generating rotator and the moving rotator. Is preferably moved in the direction of the rotation axis with respect to the torque generating rotating body.

  Further, the actuator is moved in the direction of the rotation axis by an electromagnet disposed on the stator, and the moving rotator is switched to a state constrained by the rotation of the torque generating rotator or a relatively rotatable state by the movement. Is preferred.

  In addition, in a state where the moving rotator can rotate relative to the torque generating rotator, it is preferable to control movement of the moving rotator relative to the torque generating rotator in the direction of the rotation axis by the torque generation.

  The rotating electrical machine includes the rotating electric machine, the moving rotating body includes a first gear, and includes a plurality of intermediate gears meshing with the first gear. The plurality of intermediate gears are connected to a power output shaft, A transmission characterized in that the plurality of gears rotate synchronously can be configured.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine having a simple configuration and a transmission using the same without using a hydraulic actuator.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the transmission in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the actuator in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of the actuator in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the effect | action of the transmission in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the translational movement of the movement rotary body in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the transmission in the modification of this invention.

  The transmission 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a rotating electrical machine 102 and a transmission gear 104 as shown in the cross-sectional configuration diagram of FIG. Rotational torque generated by the rotating electric machine 102 is transmitted to the transmission gear 104, and external devices such as wheels and generators can be rotated.

  The rotating electrical machine 102 includes a stator 10, a rotor 12, an actuator 14, and a casing 16. The stator 10, the rotor 12, and the actuator 14 are stored in the casing 16 except for a part of the main shaft that transmits the rotation.

  The stator 10 is fixed to the casing 16. The stator 10 includes a cylindrical stator core and a plurality of (for example, three-phase) exciting coils through which a torque generating current flows. In the stator 10, a plurality of teeth protruding radially inward are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft, and an exciting coil is wound around a slot between the teeth. A rotating magnetic field is generated from the stator 10 by causing a torque generating current having a phase difference to flow through the excitation coils of a plurality of phases.

  The rotor 12 is disposed to face the stator 10 with a predetermined gap from the stator 10. That is, the rotor 12 is disposed to face the stator 10 so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis as a central axis. The rotor 12 receives a rotating magnetic field generated by a torque generating current supplied to the stator 10 and generates torque by rotating relative to the stator 10 about the rotating shaft.

  The rotor 12 includes a torque generating rotator 20 and a moving rotator 22. The torque generating rotator 20 has a cylindrical shape and is supported by angular bearings 30 a and 30 b provided in the casing 16. The torque generating rotator 20 is supported so that it can only rotate about the rotation axis and cannot translate in the direction of the rotation axis. The moving rotator 22 has an axial shape and is disposed so as to penetrate the inside of the cylinder of the torque generating rotator 20. The moving rotator 22 is supported by radial bearings 32 a and 32 b provided in the casing 16. The radial bearings 32a and 32b are bearings that restrain only in the rotational direction and can move freely in the thrust direction. As a result, the moving rotator 22 can rotate around the rotation axis and can translate in the direction of the rotation axis.

  The moving rotator 22 is switched between a state in which it can rotate with the rotation of the torque generating rotator 20 and a state in which it can be rotated relatively at a different rotational speed from that of the torque generating rotator 20 by the function of the actuator 14 described later. Can do.

  Further, the moving rotator 22 is formed with a thread 22a in a partial region in the axial direction. On the other hand, the torque generating rotator 20 is formed with a thread groove 20a in a part of the inner surface of the cylinder so as to be combined with the thread 22a of the moving rotator 22. When the moving rotator 22 is rotating relative to the torque generating rotator 20 at a different rotational speed, the moving rotator 22 moves relative to the torque generating rotator 20 in the direction of the rotation axis by the screw mechanism. To do. The moving direction of the moving rotator 22 is determined when the moving rotator 22 rotates slowly with respect to the torque generating rotator 20 and when the moving rotator 22 rotates rapidly with respect to the torque generating rotator 20. In the opposite direction.

  The actuator 14 is a mechanism provided for bringing the torque generating rotator 20 and the moving rotator 22 into a coupled state (restrained state) or a non-coupled state (unconstrained state). When the torque generating rotator 20 and the moving rotator 22 are in the coupled state by the actuator 14, the moving rotator 22 can rotate with the rotation of the torque generating rotator 20. On the other hand, when the torque generating rotator 20 and the moving rotator 22 are in a non-coupled state by the actuator 14, the moving rotator 22 can rotate relatively at a different rotational speed from the torque generating rotator 20. .

  The actuator 14 can be a dog clutch mechanism, for example. The actuator 14 is a disk-like member having a hole through which the moving rotator 22 passes, and rotates together with the moving rotator 22, but has a structure that can move relative to the moving rotator 22 along the rotation axis direction. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, movement is achieved by providing a crest 22 b along the axial direction around the axis of the moving rotating body 22, and providing a groove 14 b fitted in the crest 22 b in the hole 14 a of the actuator 14. Although it rotates with the rotary body 22, it can be set as the structure which can move relatively with respect to the moving rotary body 22 along the rotating shaft direction.

  Further, the transmission 100 is provided with a mechanism for moving the actuator 14 along the rotation axis direction. In the present embodiment, an electromagnet 34 is provided on the casing 16, and a magnet 36 is provided on the actuator 14 at a position facing the electromagnet 34. By causing a current to flow through the electromagnet 34 and magnetizing it, a repulsive force or an attractive force can be generated between the electromagnet 34 and the magnet 36 to move the actuator 14 in the direction of the rotation axis with respect to the moving rotating body 22. Then, as shown in FIG. 3A, the torque generating rotator 20 and the moving rotator 22 are combined with each other by the dog clutch mechanism of the actuator 14 by moving the actuator 14 to the torque generating rotator 20 side. Can do. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, the torque generating rotator 20 and the moving rotator 22 can be brought into a non-coupled state by moving the actuator 14 toward the casing 16.

  The transmission gear 104 includes a plurality of intermediate gears 40 and 42 that mesh with a gear 22 c provided on the movable rotating body 22 and a power output shaft 44 that has a power output shaft gear 44 a that meshes with both of the intermediate gears 40 and 42. The That is, the plurality of intermediate gears 40 and 42 are connected to the power output shaft 44, and the plurality of intermediate gears 40 and 42 rotate in synchronization. Note that the number of intermediate gears included in the transmission gear 104 may be three or more.

  Further, the intermediate gear 40 and the intermediate gear 42 have different gear ratios. Therefore, when the moving rotator 22 is rotating at the same rotational speed, the rotational speed of the power output shaft 44 is different between when the gear 22c is coupled with the intermediate gear 40 and when coupled with the intermediate gear 42. Here, the gear 22c meshes with the intermediate gear 40 in a state where the moving rotator 22 protrudes from the casing 16 toward the transmission gear 104, and meshes with the intermediate gear 42 in a state where the moving rotator 22 is retracted toward the casing 16 side.

  Hereinafter, the transmission mechanism using the transmission 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4A, the initial state is a state in which the gear 22 c and the intermediate gear 42 are coupled, and the torque generating rotator 20 and the moving rotator 22 are coupled by the actuator 14. In this state, the torque generating rotator 20 rotates around the rotation axis in accordance with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 10, and the rotating torque generated in the torque generating rotator 20 is transmitted to the moving rotator 22 via the actuator 14. Is done. Then, power is applied to the power output shaft 44 via the intermediate gear 42 coupled to the gear 22 c that rotates together with the moving rotator 22.

  From this state, as shown in FIG. 4B, the polarity of the electromagnet 34 is reversed to release the coupling between the torque generating rotating body 20 and the moving rotating body 22 by the actuator 14. As a result, the torque generating rotator 20 is continuously applied with the rotational force associated with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 10, but the moving rotator 22 is only rotated by the inertial force, and the torque generating rotator 20 moves and rotates with time. A difference in rotational speed occurs between the body 22 and the body 22. Due to this difference in rotational speed, the moving rotating body 22 moves in the direction of the rotation axis relative to the torque generating rotating body 20 by the screw mechanism of the torque generating rotating body 20 and the moving rotating body 22 as shown in FIG. .

  Finally, as shown in FIG. 4D, the gear 22c and the intermediate gear 40 are coupled. In this state, as shown in FIG. 4 (e), the polarity of the electromagnet 34 is reversed so that the torque generating rotating body 20 and the moving rotating body 22 are coupled again by the actuator 14. In this state, the torque generating rotator 20 rotates around the rotation axis in accordance with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 10, and the rotating torque generated in the torque generating rotator 20 is transmitted to the moving rotator 22 via the actuator 14. Is done. Then, power is applied to the power output shaft 44 via the intermediate gear 40 coupled to the gear 22c that rotates together with the moving rotator 22.

  Although the case where the gear 22c is moved from the intermediate gear 42 to the intermediate gear 40 has been described, the same applies to the case where the gear 22c is moved from the intermediate gear 40 to the intermediate gear 42. In this case, in a state where the coupling between the torque generating rotator 20 and the moving rotator 22 is released, the stator 10 gives a force (torque) that reduces the rotation of the torque generating rotator 20 faster than the speed decrease of the moving rotator 22. Thus, the screw mechanism is caused to act in the opposite direction, and the moving rotator 22 is moved in the opposite direction along the rotation axis.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the effective radius r of the screw, the lead (distance traveled in the direction of the rotation axis) L, the lead angle β, the distance (radius) R from the axis to the force point, the torque T applied to the force point, and the friction angle (Static friction coefficient equivalent μ = tan φ) φ, rotational axis direction force Q, and rotational force P on the effective screw radius, the following relational expression holds.
[Equation 1]
L = 2πr · tan β (1)
TR = Pr (2)
P = Q · tan (β + φ) (3)

Formula (4) is established from Formulas (1) to (3).
[Equation 2]
Q = T (R / r) / tan (β + φ) (4)

  Therefore, if the friction angle φ and the lead angle β are small and the generation surface of the torque T is placed outside, a larger rotational axis direction force Q can be obtained. However, since the lead angle β also affects the lead L, it is preferable to select the best design point.

Further, assuming that the shaft is displaced in the rotational direction x, the drag (friction, etc.) f other than the screw portion, and the axial inertia m of the shaft, the equation of motion of the moving rotator 22 in the axial direction is expressed by Equation (5).

Therefore, Expression (6) is obtained from Expression (4) and Expression (5). The torque T corresponds to the torque applied to the rotor 12, and the distance R from the shaft to the power point corresponds to the outer diameter of the rotor 12.

<Modification>
In the above-described embodiment, the transmission gear 104 is configured by combining a plurality of spur gears (the gear 22c, the intermediate gears 40 and 42, and the power output shaft gear 44a), but is not limited thereto.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, it is good also as the transmission 200 which combined several hypoid gears. That is, the gear 22 d provided on the moving rotator 22 may be exclusively coupled to the inner gear 46 or the outer gear 48 by the movement of the moving rotator 22.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment and the modification, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine having a simple configuration and a transmission using the same without using a hydraulic actuator.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Stator, 12 Rotor, 14 Actuator, 14a Hole, 14b Groove, 16 Casing, 20 Torque generating rotating body, 20a Screw groove, 22 Moving rotating body, 22a Screw thread, 22b Mountain, 22c Gear, 22d Gear, 30a, 30b Angular Bearing, 32a, 32b Radial bearing, 34 Electromagnet, 36 Magnet, 40, 42 Intermediate gear, 44 Power output shaft, 44a Power output shaft gear, 46, 48 Gear, 100, 200 Transmission, 102 Rotating electric machine, 104 Transmission gear

Claims (5)

A stator around which an exciting coil for passing a torque generating current is wound;
A rotor arranged opposite to the stator and generating torque,
The rotor is
A torque generating rotor that can only rotate and generate torque;
A movement that can be rotated together with the torque generating rotator in a state constrained by the rotation of the torque generating rotator, and that is capable of translational movement in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor in a state of being able to rotate relative to the torque generating rotator. A rotating body,
An electric rotating machine comprising: an actuator that brings the moving rotator into a state of being constrained by a rotation of a torque generating rotator or a relatively rotatable state. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The torque generating rotator and the moving rotator are coupled by a screw mechanism provided in the direction of the rotation axis, and the moving rotator is rotated by the relative rotation of the torque generating rotator and the moving rotator. A rotating electrical machine that moves in the direction of the rotation axis with respect to a generating rotating body. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The actuator is moved in the direction of the rotation axis by an electromagnet disposed in the stator, and the moving rotator is switched to a state constrained by rotation of a torque generating rotator or a state in which relative rotation is possible by the movement. Rotating electric machine. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A rotating electrical machine that controls movement of the moving rotating body in the direction of the rotation axis relative to the torque generating rotating body by the torque generation in a state where the moving rotating body can rotate relative to the torque generating rotating body. A rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The moving rotating body has a first gear,
A plurality of intermediate gears meshing with the first gear;
The plurality of intermediate gears are connected to a power output shaft, and the plurality of gears rotate synchronously.

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