JP2016099105A - Drying method of dried object - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce operation energy, operation costs, and equipment costs.SOLUTION: In a drying method of a dried object in which first and second dryers 1, 2 discharging liquid components evaporated from a dried object W by using carrier gases G1, G2, are used, and the dried object W discharged from the first dryer 1 is supplied to the second dryer 2 to further dry the same, atmospheric air is supplied to the first dryer 1 as a carrier gas G1. The carrier gas G1 supplied to the first dryer 1 is sucked from the atmospheric air, and the carrier gas G1 discharged from the first dryer 1 may be released to the atmospheric air.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  In the present invention, at least two dryers such as an indirect heating type rotary dryer such as a steam tube dryer are connected in series, and an object to be dried such as low-grade coal dried by the first dryer in the preceding stage is used. The present invention relates to a method for drying an object to be dried that is further dried by a second dryer at a subsequent stage.

  When drying low-grade coals such as lignite and sub-bituminous coal, which have a high moisture content of generally 10 to 70% by weight, steam was used with a low heating source temperature in order to suppress their ignition and dust explosiveness. It is known to use an indirectly heated rotary dryer such as a steam tube dryer. Here, the inventors of the present invention, as described above, use an indirect heating drying apparatus in which the first and second indirect heating rotary dryers are connected in series, and a carrier that discharges the liquid evaporated from the object to be dried. In the first indirect heating rotary dryer, a gas is supplied in parallel to the flow of the material to be dried, and in the second indirect heating rotary dryer, the gas is supplied in countercurrent. 1 proposes.

  According to such an indirect heating and drying apparatus, generation of dust can be suppressed in the first indirect heating rotary dryer, and the object to be dried adheres to the heating tube on the inlet side of the object to be dried and the carrier gas. Condensation is unlikely to occur on the outlet side of the object to be dried and the carrier gas. On the other hand, in the second indirect heating type rotary dryer, condensation or adhesion is less likely to occur on the inlet side of the object to be dried, that is, the carrier gas outlet side, and dust discharged outside the machine is reduced. Since the dew point of the carrier gas is low on the outlet side of the carrier gas, that is, the carrier gas inlet side, it is suitable for proceeding with reduced rate drying.

JP 2009-097883 A

  By the way, in this patent document 1, when the thing to be dried is a flammable material such as lignite, it is described that nitrogen gas is used as the carrier gas, and the first and second indirect heating type rotations are described. By circulating and supplying nitrogen gas as a carrier gas to both of the dryers, the liquid component evaporated from the material to be dried in all the drying steps in the first and second indirectly heated rotary dryers is discharged. . However, in such an indirect heating and drying apparatus, the circulation air volume of nitrogen gas increases, so that energy and operation cost required for facility operation increase, and a relatively large circulation supply facility is required, and the facility cost is also increased. It is inevitable that it will increase.

  The present invention has been made under such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an efficient drying method of an object to be dried, which can reduce such operating energy, operating cost, and equipment cost. It is said.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve such an object, the present invention uses the first and second dryers that discharge the liquid evaporated from the material to be dried by the carrier gas. A drying method for drying a material to be dried by supplying the material to be dried discharged from a dryer to the second dryer, and supplying air to the first dryer as the carrier gas. It is characterized by that.

  In such a method for drying a material to be dried, the first dryer, which is supplied with the material to be dried with a high moisture content and is less likely to ignite, transitions from a constant rate drying period to a decreasing rate drying period. By discharging air at a moisture content higher than the limit moisture content, which is the moisture content at the time of operation, and supplying the atmosphere as a carrier gas, the evaporated liquid can be discharged without requiring a low oxygen concentration gas supply facility. Can do. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the energy required for operation, the operation cost, and the equipment cost as the entire drying apparatus.

  The carrier gas composed of the atmosphere (air) discharged from the first dryer is discharged into the atmosphere after dust removal or the like, and the carrier gas supplied to the first dryer is separately supplied from the atmosphere. By suctioning, it is not necessary to dehumidify the carrier gas discharged from the first dryer, and it is possible to further reduce operating energy, operating cost, and equipment cost.

  On the other hand, in the second drier in the latter stage where the material to be dried dried by the first drier is further dried, like the drying apparatus described in Patent Document 1, nitrogen gas is used as a carrier gas. By supplying such a low oxygen concentration gas, ignition or the like of the object to be dried can be prevented by this low oxygen concentration gas, and even if the object to be dried is low-grade coal, it can be safely dried.

  Further, it is efficient that the carrier gas composed of the low oxygen concentration gas discharged from the second dryer is dehumidified as necessary after being removed by a bag filter or the like and then circulated to the second dryer. Is.

  Further, when connecting the first dryer and the second dryer by connection means such as transfer means such as a conveyor, temporary storage means such as a hopper, or crushing means such as a hammer crusher. In order to prevent such an object from being ignited in the connection means, it is desirable to connect the connection means purged with a low oxygen concentration gas.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to supply and circulate a low oxygen concentration gas in the first dryer, thereby reducing the operating energy, operating cost, and equipment cost of the entire drying apparatus. Can do.

It is the schematic which shows one Embodiment of the drying apparatus used for the drying method of the to-be-dried material of this invention.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a drying apparatus used in the method for drying an object to be dried according to the present invention. The drying apparatus includes first and second dryers 1 and 2 that dry a material to be dried W. Here, the to-be-dried object W dried by this embodiment is low grade coal, such as lignite and subbituminous coal, whose water content rate is generally as high as 10 to 70 weight%, and a particle size is about 2-50 mm. is there.

  Furthermore, these 1st, 2nd dryers 1 and 2 are the indirect heating type rotary dryers similar to the dryer in the indirect heating drying apparatus described in patent document 1, Comprising: It is a steam tube dryer. That is, in each of the first and second dryers 1 and 2, a plurality of heating tubes (not shown) on the inner wall surface in the cylindrical rotating cylinder 3 that can rotate around a substantially horizontal central axis line are formed on the central axis line. The rotating cylinders 3 are arranged in parallel, and supply means 4 such as a screw conveyor is provided at one end (left end in FIG. 1) of each rotary cylinder 3, and a discharge casing or the like is provided at the other end (right end in FIG. 1). The discharge means 5 is provided in a non-rotating and airtight manner with respect to the rotatable rotating cylinder 3.

  In the dryers 1 and 2, the material to be dried W supplied into the rotating cylinder 3 from the one end side of the rotating cylinder 3 by the supplying means 4 is supplied into the heating pipe from a steam supply source (not shown). While being heated and dried by high-temperature steam of about 150 ° C. to 230 ° C., the rotary cylinder 3 is rotated to the other end side and discharged from the discharge means 5. Further, the liquid (water) evaporated from the material to be dried W by heating is discharged by the first and second carrier gases G1 and G2 supplied into the rotary cylinder 3.

  Among them, the discharging means 5 in the first dryer 1 is connected via a connecting means 6 having a conveying means such as a conveyor as shown in FIG. 1 or a temporary storage means such as a hopper (not shown) and a crushing means such as a hammer crusher. And connected to the supply means 4 in the second dryer 2. The connecting means 6 also extends from the discharge means 5 on the other end side of the rotary cylinder 3 in the first dryer 1 to the supply means 4 on the one end side of the rotary cylinder 3 in the second dryer 2. It is kept airtight. The supply means 4 of the first dryer 1 is connected to a supply means 8 for an object to be dried W such as a screw conveyor via a loading cylinder 7, while the discharge means 5 of the second dryer 2. An unloading means 9 such as a conveyor is connected to the.

  Therefore, also in this embodiment, the 1st, 2nd dryers 1 and 2 are arrange | positioned in series, and the to-be-dried object W discharged | emitted from the other end part side of the rotary cylinder 3 in the 1st dryer 1 is. The second dryer 2 is supplied to one end side of the rotary cylinder 3 and further dried. The moisture content of the material to be dried W thus dried is reduced to, for example, a limit moisture content of 3% by weight or more, preferably 6 to 8% by weight by the first dryer 1, and further the second dryer. Is reduced to about 1% by weight or less.

  On the other hand, the first and second carrier gases G1 and G2 supplied into the rotary cylinders 3 of the first and second dryers 1 and 2 are supplied through mutually independent supply paths. Among these, the second carrier gas G2 supplied to the second dryer 2 is a low oxygen concentration gas having an oxygen concentration of 1% by volume or less, preferably 0.5% by volume or less, for example, nitrogen gas. Yes, the second carrier gas G2 supplied from the other end side of the rotating cylinder 3 of the second dryer 2 and discharged from the one end side is discharged from the second dryer 2 again. It is circulated to the other end side of the rotating cylinder 3. That is, also in the present embodiment, the flow of the second carrier gas G2 in the rotary cylinder 3 of the second dryer 2 is a countercurrent that faces the conveyance direction of the material to be dried W.

  The second carrier gas G2 discharged from one end of the rotating cylinder 3 of the second dryer 2 is supplied to the bag filter (second bag filter) 21 from the supply means 4 connected to this one end. The solid content such as dust of the material to be dried W discharged from the second dryer 2 together with the second carrier gas G2 is removed and collected, and the collected solid content is collected by the connecting means 6 or the second means. Returned to the supply means 4 of the dryer 2. A preliminary cyclone may be installed between the supply means 4 of the second dryer 2 and the second bag filter 21. Further, the low oxygen concentration gas as described above is supplied to the second bag filter 21 from the low oxygen concentration gas supply source 22.

  The second carrier gas G2 from which the solid content has been removed is sent to the cooling tower 23 and dehumidified by being cooled, and then pressurized through the circulation fan 24. If necessary, another cooling tower 25 is provided. After being cooled by the above, it is circulated by being heated to, for example, about 40 ° C. by the heater 26 and supplied to the discharge means 5 at the other end of the rotary cylinder 3 in the second dryer 2. As shown in FIG. 1, another low oxygen concentration gas supply source 28 is connected to the supply path between the cooling tower 23 and the circulation fan 24 via a valve 27 so that the low oxygen concentration gas is supplied as necessary. You may make it supply supplement.

  In the present embodiment, a part of the second carrier gas G2 discharged from the one end side of the rotary cylinder 3 in the second dryer 2 to the supply unit 4 is supplied from the supply unit 4 into the connection unit 6. By flowing in, the connection means 6 which is kept airtight as described above is filled and purged. Specifically, the range from the discharge screw conveyor 5a provided at the lower end of the discharge means 5 in the first dryer 1 to the supply means 4 in the second dryer 2 is purged by the second carrier gas G2. The

  With respect to such a second carrier gas G2, the atmosphere (air) is supplied to the rotating cylinder 3 of the first dryer 1 as the first carrier gas G1. The first carrier gas G1 is sucked from the atmospheric air by the attracting fan 11, and the charging is connected to the supply means 4 of the first dryer 1 through a filter or the like as necessary. It is supplied from the cylinder 7 to the one end portion of the rotating cylinder 3 in the first dryer 1 through the supply means 4 and is discharged from the discharging means 5 at the other end through the rotating cylinder 3. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the flow of the first carrier gas G1 in the rotary cylinder 3 of the first dryer 1 becomes a parallel flow along the conveyance direction of the material to be dried W.

  Thus, the first carrier gas G1 discharged from the other end of the rotary cylinder 3 in the first dryer 1 is supplied to the bag filter (first bag filter) 12 connected to the discharge means 5 at the other end. The solid content such as dust of the material to be dried W that is supplied and discharged from the first dryer 1 together with the first carrier gas G1 is removed and collected, and is discharged into the atmosphere via the induction fan 11. The The solid content collected by the first bag filter 12 is supplied to the transfer means in the connection means 6.

  Next, an embodiment of the drying method of the material to be dried W of the present invention when the low-grade coal as described above is dried as the material to be dried W by the drying apparatus configured as described above will be described. First, the material to be dried W is supplied from the supply means 8 connected to the first dryer 1 in the previous stage to the supply means 4 of the first dryer 1 through the charging cylinder 7, and then While being supplied from one end side into the rotating cylinder 3 of the first dryer 1 by the supply means 4 and heated and dried by the heating tube, it is conveyed to the other end side as the rotating cylinder 3 rotates, and the other. It is continuously discharged from the discharge screw conveyor 5a of the discharge means 5 on the end side.

  In addition, the liquid component (water) evaporated by drying the material to be dried W in the first dryer 1 in the preceding stage is sucked by the attraction fan 11 and the inside of the rotary cylinder 3 in the first dryer 1. Is discharged from the first dryer 1 together with the first carrier gas G1 (atmosphere) supplied to the air, and after the solid content is removed by the first bag filter 12 as described above, it is discharged into the atmosphere. In the present embodiment, the material to be dried W passes through the constant rate drying period by drying in the first dryer 1, that is, the temperature of the material to be dried W is substantially constant and the moisture content is as described above. Reduced towards the critical moisture content. In addition, the moisture content of the material to be dried W thus dried at a constant rate in the first dryer 1 is measured by measuring the temperature of the material to be dried W discharged from the first dryer 1 or discharged. The moisture to be dried W can be confirmed by directly measuring the moisture to be dried, for example, by controlling the amount of steam supplied to the heating pipe and the temperature in the first dryer 1 based on the result. The water content of the object W can be adjusted.

  The material to be dried W thus dried by the first dryer 1 is supplied into the rotary cylinder 3 from the supply means 4 in the second dryer 2 at the subsequent stage via the connection means 6. The heating tube is further heated to be dried to a moisture content equal to or lower than the above-mentioned limit moisture content, and is conveyed to the other end side with the rotation of the rotating cylinder 3 and discharged by the discharging means 5. In this embodiment, the to-be-dried object W passes through a decreasing rate drying period due to drying in the second dryer 2, that is, the temperature of the to-be-dried object W rises, while the drying speed is constant rate drying period. Smaller than. In the second dryer 2 as well, the moisture content of the to-be-dried material W that has been dried at a reduced rate is measured by measuring the temperature of the discharged to-be-dried material W or directly measuring the water content. Based on this, it is possible to adjust the moisture content by controlling the supply amount and temperature of steam to the heating pipe in the second dryer 2.

  The liquid (water) evaporated from the material to be dried W in the second dryer 2 is discharged from the rotating cylinder 3 together with the second carrier gas G2, and the solid content is removed by the second bag filter 21. It is dehumidified and recovered by being cooled in the cooling towers 23 and 25 later. Further, the second carrier gas G2 from which the evaporated liquid has been recovered in this way is heated by the heater 26 and then circulated to the second dryer 2.

  In the drying method of the article to be dried W (low-grade coal) having the above-described configuration, the first and second dryers 1 and 2 having two stages before and after the stage are provided. Compared to drying with a dryer, the size and rotational driving force of each dryer can be reduced, and the equipment cost and operation cost can be reduced. Note that the dryer may have three or more stages. Further, as described above, the temperature of the object to be dried W rises in the second dryer 2, and there is a risk of ignition when it is a combustible substance such as low-grade coal. In the apparatus, since the second carrier gas G2 supplied to the second dryer 2 is a low oxygen concentration gas such as nitrogen gas, even if the temperature of the material to be dried W rises in this way, ignition is prevented. be able to.

  On the other hand, in the first dryer 1, the temperature of the object to be dried W is maintained at a substantially constant temperature lower than that of the second dryer 2, so that the atmosphere is supplied as the first carrier gas G <b> 1. There is little risk of fire. And since this 1st carrier gas G1 is air | atmosphere, it does not need the low oxygen concentration gas supply sources 22 and 28 like the case where 2nd carrier gas G2 is supplied, but it attracts as mentioned above The air is sucked as it is by the fan 11 and supplied to the first dryer 1, and after the solid content is removed by the first bag filter 12, it can be discharged into the air as it is.

  Therefore, for example, as compared with the case where a low oxygen concentration gas such as nitrogen gas is supplied as a carrier gas to both the first and second dryers as in the indirect heating drying apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the oxygen concentration is low. It is possible to reduce the gas supply amount (circulation amount) and downsize the equipment required for supply. Therefore, even if the material to be dried W is low-grade coal, it can be dried safely by preventing ignition as described above, and the energy, operating cost, and equipment cost required for operation of the indirect heating drying apparatus as a whole can be reduced. Is efficient and economical.

  In the present embodiment, the gap between the discharge means 5 at the other end of the rotary cylinder 3 in the first dryer 1 and the supply means 4 at one end of the rotary cylinder 3 in the second dryer 2 is shown in FIG. It is connected by connection means 6 provided with transfer means such as a conveyor or the like, temporary storage means such as a hopper, or crushing means such as a hammer crusher. Purge is performed by the low oxygen concentration gas supplied to the machine 2 as the second carrier gas G2. For this reason, the situation where the to-be-dried material W which reached the limit moisture content is ignited in this connection means 6 can also be prevented.

  In particular, in the indirect heating / drying apparatus of the present embodiment, the first and second dryers pass through independent supply paths in which the first and second carrier gases G1 and G2 have the individual induction fan 11 and the circulation fan 24, respectively. Since these are supplied to 1 and 2, respectively, the first and second carrier gases G1 and G2 can be supplied to the first and second dryers 1 and 2 under different conditions. For this reason, for example, by supplying the second carrier gas G2 at a pressure higher than that of the first carrier gas G1, the object to be dried W is connected from the discharge screw conveyor 5a in the discharge means 5 of the first dryer 1. Since the first carrier gas G1 that is the atmosphere can be prevented from flowing into the connecting means 6 when supplied to the connecting means 6, the ignition of the object W to be dried in the connecting means 6 or the second dryer 2 Can be more reliably prevented.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the second carrier gas G2 discharged from the second dryer 2 is dedusted by the second bag filter 21 and dehumidified in the cooling towers 23 and 25, and then the heater 26 The first carrier gas G <b> 1 supplied to the first dryer 1 is sucked from the atmosphere and is covered in the first dryer 1 while being heated again by the second dryer 2. The first carrier gas G1 discharged with the evaporated liquid content of the dry matter W is removed by the first bag filter 12 and then released into the atmosphere. Therefore, the second carrier gas G2, which is a low oxygen concentration gas, can be effectively used, and the first carrier gas G1 can eliminate the need for dehumidification and heating. The equipment cost can be reduced.

  The first and second dryers 1 and 2 may have the same heat transfer area by the heating tube in the rotating cylinder 3 and the supply amounts of the first and second carrier gases G1 and G2. However, since the drying in the second dryer 2 at the latter stage is a rate-decreasing drying period and the evaporation amount of the liquid (moisture) decreases, for example, the heat transfer area of the heating tube in the second dryer 2 is reduced. The first carrier gas G1 supplied to the first dryer 1 is made smaller than the first dryer 1 or the supply amount of the second carrier gas G2 supplied to the second dryer 2 is set to be smaller. Or less than the supply amount. In such a case, even in the drying in the second dryer 2 using the second carrier gas G2 made of a low oxygen concentration gas, it is possible to reduce the operating energy, operating cost, equipment cost, Therefore, the energy and cost of the indirect heating / drying apparatus as a whole can be further reduced, which is more efficient.

  In the present embodiment, in the first dryer 1, the flow of the first carrier gas G1 is parallel to the conveying direction of the object to be dried W, and in the second dryer 2, the second carrier The flow of the gas G2 is counterflowed with respect to the conveyance direction of the object to be dried W. However, in the first dryer 1, the flow of the first carrier gas G1 is counterflowed or the second drying is performed. In the machine 2, the flow of the second carrier gas G2 may be parallel. However, in the first dryer 1, the moisture content of the first carrier gas G <b> 1 is increased toward the transport direction in which the drying of the material to be dried W progresses by using a parallel flow as in the present embodiment. It is possible to prevent ignition and the like more effectively. Further, when the flow of the second carrier gas G2 in the second dryer is a parallel flow, in the path from the discharge means 5 serving as the outlet of the second carrier gas G2 in the second dryer 2, It is desirable to provide a dust collector denoted by reference numeral 29 in FIG.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to supply or circulate the low oxygen concentration gas in the first dryer, and the operating energy, operating cost, and equipment cost of the entire drying apparatus can be reduced. Can be reduced, efficient and economical.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st dryer 2 2nd dryer 3 Rotary cylinder 4 Supply means 5 Discharge means 6 Connection means 11 Induction fan 12 1st bag filter 21 2nd bag filter 22, 28 Low oxygen concentration gas supply source 23, 25 Cooling tower 24 Circulating fan 26 Heater W Dried object G1 First carrier gas G2 Second carrier gas

Claims (6)

Using the first and second dryers that discharge the liquid evaporated from the material to be dried by the carrier gas, the material to be dried discharged from the first dryer is supplied to the second dryer. A method for drying an object to be dried further,
A method for drying an object to be dried, characterized in that air is supplied as the carrier gas to the first dryer.   The to-be-dried object according to claim 1, wherein the carrier gas supplied to the first dryer is sucked from the atmosphere, and the carrier gas discharged from the first dryer is released to the atmosphere. How to dry things.   The method for drying an object to be dried according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a low oxygen concentration gas is supplied as the carrier gas to the second dryer.   4. The method for drying an object to be dried according to claim 3, wherein the carrier gas discharged from the second dryer is circulated to the second dryer.   The connection between the first dryer and the second dryer is connected by connection means purged with a low oxygen concentration gas. The drying method of to-be-dried material of description.   The second dryer is supplied with a low oxygen concentration gas as the carrier gas, and the connecting means is purged by the low oxygen concentration gas supplied as the carrier gas to the second dryer 2. The carrier gas supplied to the second dryer is supplied at a pressure higher than that of the carrier gas supplied to the first dryer. Method.

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