JP2016098480A - Pin connector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pin connector of a simple configuration without a controller or a sensor that enables automated two-member separation process.SOLUTION: A pin connector connects/separates two members by forming a pin hole 13 in one of two members that are connected and disposing a connection pin 14 and an attachment/detachment cylinder 15 on the other member, then having the connection pin 14 moved by an expansion/contraction motion of the attachment/detachment cylinder 15 between an insertion position in which the connection pin 14 is inserted into the pin hole 13 and a separated position in which the connection pin is separated from the pin hole 13. The connection pin 14 is locked at the insertion position by engaging a lock plate 17 with an engaging groove 20 of the connection pin 14. After unlocking a lock cylinder 16 that drives the lock plate 17, the attachment/detachment cylinder 15 is operated toward the pin separation side by pressure of a hydraulic pump 22 that rises when the lock cylinder is operated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a pin coupling device for detachably coupling two members by a coupling pin driven by a cylinder.

  The background art will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 by taking as an example a connecting portion between a car body and a crawler frame of a crawler type traveling device used as a lower traveling body of a large excavator.

  A crawler type traveling device for a large excavator is hung around a car body 1 on which an upper swing body (not shown) is rotatably mounted, left and right crawler frames 2 and 2, and outer peripheries of the crawler frames 2 and 2. It is comprised by the crawler (crawler belt) which is not shown in figure.

  The crawler frame 2 is provided with a pin hole 3, the car body 1 is provided with a connecting pin 4 and a detaching cylinder 5 for driving the connecting pin 4, and the connecting pin 4 is moved in the contracted state of the detaching cylinder 5 as shown in FIG. When the cylinder 5 is extended, the connecting pin 4 is inserted into the pin hole 3 as shown in FIG.

  As a result, the car body 1 and the left and right crawler frames 2 are connected at the time of excavator assembly to form a lower traveling body, and both are separated and transported when moving to the site.

  Further, a lock pin hole 6 is provided at the tip of the connection pin 4, and after the connection pin is inserted as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the lock pin 7 is manually inserted into the lock pin hole 6, whereby the connection pin 4 is locked in the inserted state (a state in which the car body 1 and the crawler frame 2 are coupled).

  The above configuration is shown in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2010-216084 A

  As described above, the connecting pin 4 is inserted into the pin hole 3 to connect the two members, and in this connected state, the locking member such as the lock pin 7 is engaged with the insertion end of the connecting pin 4 and locked. In a pin coupling device with a lock structure, a configuration in which the coupling pin 4 is automatically inserted into and removed from the pin hole 3 by a cylinder 5 is known as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  On the other hand, the locking operation for locking the connecting pin 4 in the inserted state and the unlocking operation for releasing the locking are conventionally performed by manual operation.

  For this reason, this lock / unlock operation is troublesome, and there are problems such as forgetting to put in and out of the lock member, and troublesome construction and storage for the removed lock member.

  Here, for the locking operation, a tapered surface (guide surface) is provided on at least one of the connecting pin and the locking member, such as a door latch mechanism, and a spring is provided on the locking member. It is considered that automation is possible by applying a known locking technique for automatically engaging the two.

  However, there has never been a technique for automatically performing the unlocking operation and the subsequent operation of removing the connecting pin, and this is the reason why the connection / separation is not fully automated in the pin connecting device with the lock structure. It was.

  Electronic control such as moving the lock pin to the unlock position with the lock cylinder, detecting this with a sensor, inputting it to the controller, and operating the valve in response to a command from the controller to operate the detachable cylinder toward the pin release side. Thus, it is considered possible to automatically perform the two-member separating operation of unlocking → detaching the connecting pin.

  However, this electronic control method is not practical in that a controller and a sensor are required, the structure is large and complicated, and the equipment cost is increased.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a pin coupling device that can realize the automation of the two-member separating operation with a simple configuration that does not use a controller or a sensor.

As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, one of the two members to be connected is provided with a pin hole, and the other member is provided with a connection pin and a desorption cylinder. In a pin coupling device for connecting / separating the two members by moving between an insertion position to be inserted into the pin hole and a separation position to be detached from the pin hole, the coupling pin is inserted by engaging with the coupling pin. A lock member that displaces between a lock position that locks in position, a lock release position that releases from the connecting pin and releases the lock, a lock cylinder that displaces the lock member between both the lock and unlock positions, and A cylinder drive circuit for driving both the detachable and lock cylinders is provided.
(i) a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil to both the desorption and lock cylinders, a switching valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil to and from both the desorption and lock cylinders, and the pressure oil through the switching valve. A first oil passage for supplying to the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder, a second oil passage for supplying the pressure oil to the pin release side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder via the switching valve, and a pin of the desorption cylinder A third oil passage connecting the release side oil chamber and the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder;
(ii) When operating the switching valve for separating the two members, the lock cylinder is locked by supplying pressure oil to the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder through the second oil passage and the third oil passage. The lock is released by operating to the release side, and the desorption cylinder is operated to the pin release side by the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump caused by the operation of the lock cylinder.

  According to this configuration, after the operation of the lock cylinder, the configuration in which the desorption cylinder is operated to the pin release side by the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump by the cylinder operation, that is, the hydraulic sequence based only on the oil path configuration without using a controller or sensor It is possible to carry out a continuous operation of automatically unlocking → detaching the connecting pin by the operation.

  In the present invention, the first oil passage includes a check valve that allows only an oil flow from the hydraulic pump toward the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder, and a throttle connected in parallel to the check valve. It is desirable to provide a control valve (Claim 2).

  According to this configuration, the sequence operation of unlocking → connecting pin detachment can be more reliably performed by the control valve.

  In the present invention, it is desirable that a groove for expanding the effective volume of the pin release side oil chamber is formed in the desorption cylinder in a state where the desorption cylinder is operated to the pin insertion side.

  In this way, as the unlocking operation for separating the two members, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump is supplied to the lock release side oil of the lock cylinder via the second oil passage, the pin release side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder, and the third oil passage. When sending to the chamber, the effective volume of the cylinder pin detaching side oil chamber can be expanded by the groove of the detachable cylinder, so that the pressure oil is smoothly supplied to the lock cylinder.

  For this reason, the continuous operation of unlocking → connecting pin detachment can be performed more reliably and stably.

  In the present invention, the desorption cylinder and the lock cylinder are provided in an orthogonal arrangement, and the connecting pin is provided at the rod end of the desorption cylinder, while the lock plate as the lock member is provided at one end of the piston rod of the lock cylinder. The portion is a fulcrum, the other end is engaged and fixed to the connecting pin, the connection point with the piston rod is a force point, and is provided in a state that can swing between a lock position and a lock release position, It is desirable that an engagement groove for engaging the lock plate at the locked position is provided in the vicinity of the tip of the connecting pin.

  Thus, by using a lock plate that performs a swinging motion as the lock member, and locking / unlocking the plate by engaging and disengaging the engagement groove of the connecting pin from a right angle direction, The operation can be performed more reliably and stably.

  In this case, it is desirable to provide a spring that urges the lock plate toward the lock position.

  By doing so, the engagement action (lock action) of the lock plate with respect to the connecting pin is further ensured.

  Further, in the present invention, the lock member is unlocked when the connecting pin is inserted into at least one of the tip of the connecting pin and the portion of the lock member that contacts the tip of the connecting pin when the connecting pin is inserted. It is desirable to provide a tapered surface that automatically displaces the position (Claim 6).

  According to this configuration, when two members are connected, an automatic locking operation for engaging the lock member with the connecting pin inserted into the pin hole can be obtained with a simple and low-cost structure using a tapered surface. it can.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize the automation of the two-member separating operation with a simple configuration that does not use a controller or a sensor, thereby enabling complete automation including the two-member connecting operation.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged front view of the lock mechanism in the embodiment. (a)-(c) is a whole block diagram which shows two member connection operation | movement by embodiment sequentially. (a)-(c) is a front view which shows the locking operation by embodiment sequentially. (a) and (b) are the whole block diagrams which show two member separation operation by an embodiment in order. (a) (b) is a front view which shows the unlocking operation by embodiment sequentially. (a) (b) is a partially expanded view which shows the two-member connection operation | movement by another embodiment of this invention. (a) (b) is sectional drawing of the desorption cylinder which shows another embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of a crawler type traveling device which is an example of application of the present invention. (a) (b) is a whole block diagram which shows the two-member connection operation | movement by the conventional pin connection apparatus in order.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The embodiment is applied to a connection portion between the car body 11 and the left and right crawler frames 12 of a crawler type traveling device used as a lower traveling body of an excavator in accordance with the description of the background art.

In an embodiment,
(I) The crawler frame 12 is provided with a pin hole 13, the car body 11 is provided with a connecting pin 14 and a demounting cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) 15 for driving the pin,
(II) As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 (a), the connecting pin 14 is detached from the pin hole 13 in the contracted state of the detachable cylinder 15, and connected when the cylinder 15 is extended as shown in FIG. 3 (c). The point that the pin 14 is inserted into the pin hole 13 is the same as the prior art shown in FIG.

  In the embodiment, a lock cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) 16 is provided on the car body 11 so as to be orthogonal to the detachable cylinder 15, and a lock member that locks the connecting pin 14 in a pin hole insertion state at the rod end of the lock cylinder 16. A lock plate 17 is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 6, the lock plate 17 has one end portion as a fulcrum, the other end portion is engaged with the connecting pin 14, and the connection point with the rod end portion serves as a force point. It is attached to the rod end so that it can swing between unlocked positions.

  In FIGS. 2, 4, and 6, reference numeral 18 denotes a rocking central axis of the lock plate 17, and 19 denotes a spring (pressing spring) that urges the lock plate 17 toward the lock position.

  On the other hand, the connecting pin 14 is provided with an engaging groove 20 that engages with the lock plate 17 as a concave groove over the entire circumference in the vicinity of the tip, and a tapered surface 21 in the constriction direction is formed at the tip. ing.

  Due to the tapered surface 21, when the connecting pin is inserted into the pin hole 13, the lock plate 17 is pushed up and automatically displaced to the unlocking position as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c). The lock plate 17 is returned to the lock position by the force of 19 and is automatically engaged with the engagement groove 20 of the connecting pin 14.

  A cylinder drive circuit for driving both the detachable and lock cylinders 15 and 16 will be described.

  The cylinder driving circuit includes a hydraulic pump 22 that supplies pressure oil to both the demounting and locking cylinders 15 and 16, a switching valve 23 that is manually operated to control the supply and discharge of the pressure oil to both cylinders 15 and 16, and the switching valve. The first oil passage 24 for supplying the pressure oil to the pin insertion side oil chamber (head side oil chamber and extension side oil chamber) 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 through the switching valve 23 and the pressure oil is desorbed through the switching valve 23 A second oil passage 25 for supplying to a pin release side oil chamber (rod side oil chamber and contraction side oil chamber) 15 b of the cylinder 15, a pin release side oil chamber 15 b of the detachable cylinder 15, and a lock release side of the lock cylinder 16. And a third oil passage 26 connecting the oil chamber 16a.

  The change-over valve 23 is a neutral position a for shutting off the hydraulic pump 22 and the tank T from both cylinders 15 and 16, and the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 is connected to the pin insertion side oil of the desorption cylinder 15 via the first oil passage 24. The pin insertion position b to be supplied to the chamber 15a and the pressure oil are supplied to the lock release side oil chamber (extension side oil chamber) 16a of the lock cylinder 16 via the second and third oil passages 25 and 26, or the second oil Switching operation is performed between the pin detachment positions C supplied to the pin detachment side oil chamber 15b of the desorption cylinder 15 via the path 25.

  The lock side oil chamber 16b of the lock cylinder 16 is connected to the tank T.

  A control valve 27 is provided in the first oil passage 24.

  The control valve 27 includes a check valve 28 that allows only an oil flow from the hydraulic pump 22 toward the pin insertion side oil chamber 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 and a throttle 29 that is connected in parallel to the check valve 28. As will be described later, when two members are connected, the pressure oil is sent to the pin insertion side oil chamber 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 through a route passing through the check valve 28, and when the two members are separated, the oil in the pin insertion side oil chamber 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 is throttled. Return to tank T via route 29.

  On the other hand, in the desorption cylinder 15, by projecting the central portion of the piston 15 c toward the piston rod 15 d side, a groove 30 is formed over the entire circumference between the outer periphery of the protruding portion and the cylinder side wall. By this groove 30, the effective volume of the pin detachment side oil chamber 15b is expanded in the fully extended state of the detachable cylinder shown in FIGS. 3 (c) and 5 (a).

  3 and 5, in order to avoid complication of the drawings, part of the reference numerals for the components of the detachable and lock cylinders 15 and 16, the connecting pin 14 and the control valve 27 is omitted. Reference numerals in FIG. 1 are cited.

  The operation of the cylinder drive circuit will be described.

  FIG. 1 shows a state where the car body 11 and the crawler frame 2 are separated.

  At this time, the switching valve 23 is in the neutral position (a), and the detaching and locking cylinders 15 and 16 are disconnected from the hydraulic pump 22 and the tank T.

  Further, the lock cylinder 16 is in the extended state, and the lock plate 17 is in the unlocked state.

At the time of connection When connecting the car body 11 and the crawler frame 12 from this state, the switching valve 23 is switched to the pin insertion position B as shown in FIG.

  In this way, the lock release side oil chamber 16a of the lock cylinder 16 communicates with the tank T through the route of the third oil passage 26, the pin release side oil chamber 15b of the desorption cylinder 15, the second oil passage 25, and the switching valve 23. The oil in the oil chamber 16a is pushed out by the force of 19 and flows into the tank T.

  As a result, the lock cylinder 16 operates toward the lock side (reduction operation), so that the lock plate 17 swings and displaces from the lock release position in FIG. 2 to the lock position in FIG.

  On the other hand, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 flows into the pin insertion side oil chamber 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 via the check valve 28 of the control valve 27 as shown in FIG. The connecting pin 14 is inserted into the pin hole 13.

  At this time, due to the action of the tapered surface 21, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) (c) and 4 (b) (c), the connecting pin 14 pushes the lock plate 17 through the pin hole 13 and completely In the inserted state, the lock plate 17 automatically returns to the locked position by the force of the spring 19 and engages with the engaging groove 20 of the connecting pin 14. That is, the locked state is established.

  FIG. 3 (c) shows a state in which the worker who has confirmed the completion of the connection has operated the switching valve 23 to the neutral position (a), and in this state, the oil flow stops and is detached, and the lock cylinders 15 and 16 cannot be operated. It becomes.

At the time of separation At the time of separation, the switching valve 23 is switched to the pin disengagement position C as shown in FIG.

  As a result, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 flows into the lock release side oil chamber 16 a of the lock cylinder 16 through the second oil passage 25, the pin release side oil chamber 15 b of the desorption cylinder 15, and the third oil passage 26.

  As a result, the lock cylinder 16 is actuated to the unlocking side, and the lock plate 17 is swung to the unlocking position and unlocked as shown in FIG.

  At this time, the pin detachment side oil chamber 15b of the desorption cylinder 15 is expanded by the groove 30, so that no excessive pressure is generated in the route of the second oil passage 25 → the pin detachment side oil chamber 15b → the third oil passage 26. The lock cylinder 16 is unlocked smoothly.

  When the lock cylinder 16 operates to the unlocking side to the stroke end in this way, the pressure of the hydraulic pump 22 increases, so that the detachable cylinder 15 operates to the pin disengagement side as shown in FIG. The car body 1 and the crawler frame 2 are separated from each other through the hole 13.

  In this case, the oil in the pin insertion side oil chamber 15 a of the desorption cylinder 15 returns to the tank T via the throttle valve 29 of the control valve 27 and the switching valve 23.

  When the worker confirms that the connecting pin has been detached and operates the switching valve 23 to return to neutral, the circuit state of FIG. 1 is restored.

  According to this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

  (I) After the unlocking operation of the lock cylinder 16, the desorption cylinder 15 is operated to the pin detachment side by the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump 22 due to this cylinder operation, that is, based on only the oil path configuration without using a controller or sensor. It is possible to carry out the continuous operation of unlocking → connecting pin detachment automatically by hydraulic sequence operation.

  Thereby, complete automation of connection / separation of the car body 11 and the crawler frame 2 can be realized at a low cost with a simple configuration.

  (II) A check valve 28 that allows only the flow of oil from the hydraulic pump 22 toward the pin insertion side oil chamber 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 is connected to the first oil passage 24 in parallel with the check valve 28. Since the control valve 27 including the throttle 29 is provided, it is possible to perform the sequence operation of unlocking → connecting pin removal more reliably.

  (III) Since the groove 30 for expanding the effective volume of the pin detachable side oil chamber 15b is formed in the detachable cylinder 15 in a state where the detachable cylinder 15 is operated to the pin insertion side, as shown in FIG. During the unlocking operation of a), the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 is smoothly supplied to the lock cylinder 16 through a route passing through the second oil passage 25, the pin release side oil chamber 15 b of the desorption cylinder 15, and the third oil passage 26. .

  For this reason, the continuous operation of unlocking → connecting pin detachment can be performed more reliably and stably.

  (IV) Since the lock plate 17 that performs the swinging motion is used as the lock member, the plate 17 is engaged / disengaged from the engagement groove 20 of the connecting pin 14 from the right angle direction to lock / unlock the lock member. The release operation can be performed more reliably and stably.

  (V) Since the spring 19 that biases the lock plate 17 toward the lock position is provided, the engagement action (lock action) of the lock plate 17 with respect to the connecting pin 14 is further ensured.

  (VI) An automatic locking operation for engaging the lock plate 17 with the connecting pin 14 inserted into the pin hole 13 can be obtained with a simple and low-cost structure using the tapered surface 21.

Other embodiments
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the tapered surface 21 for automatic locking is provided only at the distal end portion of the connecting pin 14. However, in order to perform the automatic locking operation more reliably, FIGS. As shown, a tapered surface 21a may also be formed on the surface of the connecting pin 14 where the engaging groove 20 is formed.

  Or you may form the taper surface 21b in the double-sided or single side | surface of the part which contacts the connecting pin 14 of the lock plate 17 like illustration.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the groove 30 is formed by projecting the central portion of the piston 15c in the detachable cylinder 15 toward the piston rod 15d, but as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b). A ring-shaped member 31 through which the piston rod 15d penetrates is provided inside the end surface on the piston rod side of the cylinder 15, and a groove 30 is formed on the outer periphery of the ring-shaped member 31 in the fully extended state of FIG. A structure may be adopted.

  (3) Instead of the structure of engaging the rocking lock plate 17 in the engagement groove 20 of the connection pin 14 as described in the above embodiment as a lock member, a lock pin hole is provided at the tip of the connection pin, You may employ | adopt the structure which engages / disengages a lock pin with respect to this lock pin hole.

  (4) As in the above embodiment, it is desirable to provide the cylinder 15 with a groove 30 that expands the substantial volume of the pin detachable side oil chamber 15b in a state where the detachable cylinder 15 is operated to the pin insertion side. If there is, you may replace it.

  (5) The present invention is not limited to the connecting portion between the car body and the crawler frame, but is a lock that is pin-connected by the cylinder, such as a device that connects the counterweight of the excavator to the base machine (upper turning body) by a hydraulic cylinder. The present invention can be widely applied to the attached pin coupling device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Car body as one member to be connected 12 Crawler frame as the other member 13 Pin hole 14 Connection pin 15 Demounting cylinder 15a Pin insertion side oil chamber 15b of the demounting cylinder Same as above, Pin detachment side oil chamber 16 Lock cylinder 16a Lock Cylinder lock release side oil chamber 16b Same as above, lock side oil chamber 17 Lock plate as a lock member 19 Spring 20 Engaging grooves 21, 21a, 21b of the connecting pin Same as above, Taper surface 22 Hydraulic pump T Tank 23 Switching valve 24 First Oil passage 25 Second oil passage 26 Third oil passage 27 Control valve 28 Check valve constituting control valve 29 Same as above, Restriction 30 Groove of desorption cylinder

Claims (6)

One of the two members to be connected is provided with a pin hole, the other member is provided with a connection pin and a desorption cylinder, and the insertion position and the pin hole are inserted into the pin hole by the expansion / contraction operation of the desorption cylinder. In a pin coupling device for connecting / separating the two members by moving between the separation positions where the connection pins are disengaged from the lock position, the lock position that engages the connection pins and locks the connection pins in the insertion position, and the connection pins separate from the connection pins. A locking member that is displaced between unlocking positions for releasing the lock, a lock cylinder that displaces the locking member between both the locking and unlocking positions, and a cylinder drive circuit that drives both the demounting and locking cylinders. And this cylinder drive circuit
(i) a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil to both the desorption and lock cylinders, a switching valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil to and from both the desorption and lock cylinders, and the pressure oil through the switching valve. A first oil passage for supplying to the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder, a second oil passage for supplying the pressure oil to the pin release side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder via the switching valve, and a pin of the desorption cylinder A third oil passage connecting the release side oil chamber and the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder;
(ii) When operating the switching valve for separating the two members, the lock cylinder is locked by supplying pressure oil to the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder through the second oil passage and the third oil passage. A pin coupling device characterized in that the lock is released by operating to the release side, and the desorption cylinder is operated to the pin release side by the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump caused by the operation of the lock cylinder.   A control valve comprising a check valve that allows only the flow of oil from the hydraulic pump toward the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder and a throttle connected in parallel to the check valve in the first oil passage. The pin coupling device according to claim 1, wherein the pin coupling device is provided.   3. The pin coupling device according to claim 1, wherein a groove for expanding an effective volume of the pin detachable side oil chamber is formed in the detachable cylinder in a state where the detachable cylinder is operated to the pin insertion side.   The desorption cylinder and the lock cylinder are provided in an orthogonal arrangement, and the connection pin is provided at the rod end of the desorption cylinder, while the lock plate as the lock member is provided at the tip of the piston rod of the lock cylinder, and one end is a fulcrum, An operating point where the other end engages and fixes the connecting pin, and a connecting point with the piston rod is provided as a force point so that it can swing between a locked position and an unlocked position. The pin coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an engagement groove for engaging the lock plate at the lock position is provided in the vicinity of the tip.   5. The pin coupling device according to claim 4, further comprising a spring that urges the lock plate toward the lock position.   At least one of the tip of the connecting pin and the portion of the lock member that contacts the tip of the connecting pin when the connecting pin is inserted, the lock member is automatically moved to the unlocked position when the connecting pin is inserted. The pin coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a tapered surface to be displaced is provided.

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