JP2016090375A - Water level measuring structure and water level measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water level measuring structure being simply and inexpensively installed in a sewage pipe.SOLUTION: A transparent tube 13 is attached to an inner peripheral surface 11 of an opening part 7 of a sewage pipe 1 along the circumferential direction so as to be formed into a C shape. The tube 13 has a water inlet/outlet 19 at a lower end located at a width-directional center so as to match a bottom part 17 of the inner peripheral surface 11 of the sewage pipe 1. A colored liquid 21 with a small specific gravity is injected at the width-direction both sides of the tube 13 so as to float on sewage 3 entering into the tube 13 from the sewage pipe 1 via the water inlet/outlet 19.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a water level measurement technique for measuring the level of water flowing inside a water pipe such as a sewer pipe.

  In a sewer system that collects sewage from households, etc., in a sewer pipe (sewage pipe) and collects rainwater in the storm sewer, only the sewage sent from the sewage pipe is treated at the sewage treatment plant. Since it can be flown into the sea, the treatment capacity of the sewage treatment plant can be set small. However, if a large crack or the like is generated in the sewage pipe and a large amount of rainwater enters the sewage pipe during rainfall, the amount of water sent to the sewage treatment plant increases, which may exceed the treatment capacity of the sewage treatment plant. In addition, infiltration of such a large amount of rainwater into the sewage pipe may cause overflow from the sewage pipe. Furthermore, if groundwater is constantly infiltrating into the sewer due to cracks in the sewer, etc., the sewage treatment capacity of the sewage treatment plant will be reduced, and if earth and sand are drawn into the sewer along with the groundwater, the road will collapse. Occurring or the sediment function of the sewer pipe is hindered by sediment or the like accumulated in the sewer pipe.

  Therefore, a water level meter or flow meter is attached to the sewer pipe to monitor the amount of water in the sewer pipe, and whether or not the water volume greatly increases during rainfall, and whether or not a certain amount of water is flowing at midnight. For example, the rainwater infiltration area and the constantly intrusion water generation area are narrowed down, and appropriate measures against intrusion water are taken in the narrowed area.

  For monitoring the amount of water in such a sewer pipe, for example, a flow meter as described in Patent Document 1 is used.

JP 05-223605 A

  However, a flow meter like patent document 1 is expensive, and installation to a sewer pipe is complicated. Therefore, there are many cases in which monitoring of the amount of water in the sewer pipe is not sent due to the budget.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a water level measurement structure that is simple and inexpensive to install in a sewer pipe and the like, and a water level measurement method that can be easily and inexpensively implemented.

  In order to achieve this object, the water level measurement structure of the present invention is a water level measurement structure for measuring the level of water flowing inside a flow pipe such as a sewage pipe, and is arranged circumferentially on the inner peripheral surface of the flow pipe. A transparent or translucent tube having a lower end opening and an upper end opening attached or disposed along the tube, the lower end opening of the tube being located at the bottom inside the water pipe, and from the lower end opening The coloring material or the coloring liquid is floated on the water of the flowing water pipe entering the tube. The tube is arranged so that the upper end opening does not sink into the water in the water pipe and the lower end opening is always in the water in the water pipe, for example. A tube is attached so that it may contact the internal peripheral surface of a flowing water pipe over the full length, for example. It is necessary that the colorant or the color liquid does not mix with water. For example, an oily liquid dye can be used as the colorant or the color liquid. The inner surface of the tube in contact with the coloring material or coloring liquid is colored. The tube needs to have transparency or translucency so that coloring by a coloring material or coloring liquid can be visually recognized from the outside. Use a coloring material or coloring liquid that does not flow down even if the colored portion on the inner surface of the tube enters water. Here, when the water level in the flowing water pipe is lowered, the coloring material or the coloring liquid moves downward in the tube, and when the water level in the flowing water pipe is raised, the coloring material or the coloring liquid moves upward in the tube. Therefore, the uppermost side of the colored area on the inner surface of the tube indicates the position of the coloring material or the colored liquid when the water level of the water pipe is the highest, and the lowermost side of the colored area is a moderately high at least the lower side of the colored area. In the case where it is located, the position of the coloring material or the coloring liquid when the water level of the water pipe is the lowest is shown. If the colorant or coloring liquid to be placed in the tube has a sufficiently low specific gravity and is limited to the amount necessary for coloring the inner surface of the tube, the upper end of the colored area matches the highest water level of the water pipe. Alternatively, the lower end of the colored region coincides with or almost coincides with the lowest water level of the water pipe when at least the lower end of the colored region is positioned at an appropriate height. If the highest water level and the lowest water level are found, the highest flow rate and the lowest flow rate can be derived by using, for example, Manning's formula.

  More specifically, the water level measurement structure of the present invention is a water level measurement structure for measuring the level of water flowing inside a flow pipe such as a sewage pipe, and the inner peripheral surface of the flow pipe has an inner peripheral surface. A transparent or translucent tube having a U-shaped or C-shaped opening at both ends, which is attached or arranged along the circumferential direction through the bottom of the surface, has a water inlet / outlet formed at the lower end of the tube In addition, the water in the flowing water pipe that has entered the tube through the water inlet / outlet port can be configured such that a coloring material or a colored liquid floats on both sides in the width direction. A tube is attached so that it may contact the internal peripheral surface of a flowing water pipe over the full length, for example. The tube is arranged so that the openings at both ends do not sink into the water in the water pipe, and the water inlet / outlet is always in the water in the water pipe, for example. The water inlet / outlet is located at the bottom of the water pipe, and is formed, for example, on the outer peripheral side of the lower end of the tube.

  In addition, the water level measurement method or the water amount measurement method of the present invention for achieving this object is a water level measurement method for measuring the level of water flowing inside a flow pipe such as a sewer pipe, and has at least two openings. Preparing a transparent or translucent flexible or bendable tube; and placing the tube on the inner periphery of the water pipe so that one of the openings is located at the bottom inside the water pipe as a water inlet / outlet An arrangement step of attaching or arranging the surface along a circumferential direction, injecting a coloring material or a coloring liquid into the tube, and supplying the coloring material or water to the water in the water pipe entering the tube from the water inlet / outlet An injection process for floating a colored liquid; and an observation process for observing a colored region of the tube with the coloring material or the colored liquid after a predetermined time or days have elapsed. It is intended to qualify the highest water level at high water or a predetermined time or number of days by the upper end position of the colored region of the probe. The lowest water level or the lowest water level in a predetermined time or number of days can also be recognized by the observed lower end position of the colored region of the tube. Observation of the colored region of the tube is performed from the outside of the tube.

  More specifically, the water level measuring method or the water amount measuring method of the present invention is a water level measuring method for measuring the level of water flowing inside a flowing water pipe such as a sewage pipe. A preparation step of preparing a transparent or translucent flexible or bendable tube in which a water inlet / outlet is formed in the middle of the vertical direction, the water inlet / outlet is located at the bottom inside the water pipe, and the opening is An arrangement step of attaching the tube in a U shape or C shape along the circumferential direction to the inner peripheral surface of the flowing water pipe so as to be positioned at the upper end on both sides in the width direction, and a coloring material or a coloring liquid in the tube Injecting and floating the coloring material or coloring liquid on both sides in the width direction on the water in the flowing water pipe that has entered the tube from the water entrance and exit, and the coloring material after a predetermined time or days have passed Or the tube with colored liquid Comprising an observation step of observing the colored regions, the can be configured as to certify highest water level at high water or a predetermined time or number of days by the upper end position of the colored region of the observed the tube. The lowest water level or the lowest water level in a predetermined time or number of days can also be recognized by the observed lower end position of the colored region of the tube. Alternatively, a regression line or regression curve that correlates the distance between the lower end of the colored area on both sides of the tube and the bottom flow rate is analyzed, and the observed situation of the lower end of the colored area of the tube or the measured value of the lower end of the colored area of the tube Alternatively, the minimum flow rate can be obtained from the measurement situation. In the arranging step, the tube can be attached to the inner peripheral surface of the water flow pipe so that the water inlet / outlet is located on the outer peripheral side of the lower end portion of the tube.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily measure the water level of running water in the running water pipe.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the sewer pipe provided with the water level measurement structure which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of a water level measurement structure. It is a figure which shows the state immediately after comprising a water level measurement structure. It is a figure which shows the case where the water level in a sewer pipe falls. It is a figure which shows the case where the water level of a sewer pipe goes up. It is a figure explaining the structure method of a water level measurement structure. It is a figure which shows the condition of the lower end of the coloring area | region when there is little residual amount of the sewage in a tube. It is a figure which shows the correlation with the space | interval of the lower end of a coloring area | region, and the minimum flow volume. It is another figure which shows the correlation with the space | interval of the lower end of a coloring area | region, and the minimum flow volume. It is a figure explaining the method to measure the space | interval of the lower end of a coloring area | region.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the overall configuration of the sewer pipe provided with the water level measuring structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1, and the overall structure of the water level measuring structure will be described with reference to FIG.

  A sewage pipe (sewage pipe) 1 is buried in the ground to allow drainage from each household to flow into a sewage treatment facility (not shown). The water level of the sewage 3 flowing through the sewage pipe 1 is measured. In order to determine how much rainwater or groundwater has entered the sewer pipe 1, a water level measuring structure 9 is formed in the opening portion 7 of the sewer pipe 1 to the manhole 5.

  The water level measuring structure 9 includes a transparent tube 13 attached in a C shape along the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface 11 of the opening 7 of the sewer pipe 1. The tube 13 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface 11 using staples 15 so as to come into contact with the inner peripheral surface 11 of the sewer pipe 1 over the entire length. The tube 13 made of vinyl chloride can be used, but it is preferable to use a tie nanotube that does not change color even when immersed in the sewage 3 for a long time. The tube 13 has upper ends on both sides in the width direction, and a water inlet / outlet port 19 is formed at the lower end portion located in the center in the width direction so as to coincide with the bottom portion 17 of the inner peripheral surface 11 of the sewer pipe 1. The inside communicates with the bottom 17 of the sewer pipe 1 through the water inlet / outlet 19. Therefore, the sewage 3 enters the tube 13 so that the water level substantially matches the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1. A colored liquid 21 having a small specific gravity is also injected into the tube 13 so as to float on the sewage 3 on both sides in the width direction. The injection amount of the colored liquid 21 is an amount that becomes a height of about 10 mm when the colored liquid 21 is located at the center of the sewer pipe 1 in the height direction (for example, in the case of FIG. 2). As the coloring liquid 21, an oily dyeing liquid can be used. Specifically, “Liquid neutral Red SST-D” manufactured by Shirado Chemical Co., Ltd., which is a liquid dye for red lubricating oil, is used. “Liquid neutral Red SST-D” has a density of 0.91, but has a low specific gravity because it is diluted 4 times with fluid (diluent).

  Next, the measurement principle of the water level measurement structure 9 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 shows a state immediately after the water level measurement structure 9 is configured. The water level or height of the sewage 3 in the tube 13 is substantially the same as the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1. More specifically, the upper surface of the colored liquid 21 is located slightly higher than the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1. Here, when the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 is lowered, as shown in FIG. 4, the water level or height of the sewage 3 in the tube 13 is also lowered to substantially coincide with the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1. The coloring liquid 21 moves downward, but the inner surface of the tube 13 is colored red to form a colored region 23 in the moving process. Next, when the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 rises, as shown in FIG. 5, the water level or height of the sewage 3 in the tube 13 also rises so as to substantially match the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1. The colored liquid 21 moves upward, but the inner surface of the tube 13 is colored red in the moving process to form a new colored region 23. Since the colored liquid 21 is not mixed with water, the colored liquid 21 attached to the tube 13 does not flow down even if it touches the water.

  As described above, the colored liquid 21 in the tube 13 moves up and down so as to substantially match the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 according to the fluctuation of the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1, and The inner surface is colored red. Accordingly, the height of the lower end L of the red colored region 23 of the tube 13 (more specifically, the height slightly above the lower end L of the colored region 23) is the lowest of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 during the measurement period. This represents the water level, and the height of the upper end H of the red colored region 23 of the tube 13 (more specifically, the height slightly below the upper end H of the colored region 23) is the sewage in the sewage pipe 1 during the measurement period. It can be considered that it represents the highest water level of 3.

By the way, the flow rate of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 can be obtained by the flow cross-sectional area A × the flow velocity V. However, if the water level of the sewage 3 is determined, the flow cross-sectional area A can be calculated, and the flow velocity V is also calculated by Manning's formula. V = 1 / n × R ^2/3 × i ^1/2 (where n is the roughness coefficient, R is the depth of the depth, and R = the cross-sectional area A / the wetness S of the flow, Junbe S can also be calculated from the water level of sewage 3, i is the water surface gradient). Therefore, the minimum flow rate of the sewage 3 can be calculated using the minimum water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1, and the maximum flow rate of the sewage 3 can be calculated using the maximum water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1. Then, the calculated minimum flow rate is grasped as the constantly inflowing amount of groundwater, or the inflowing amount of groundwater is always grasped from the calculated minimum flow rate, and the approximate rainwater intrusion amount in rainy weather is grasped from the maximum flow rate.

  A configuration method of the water level measurement structure 9 will be described with reference to FIG.

  In order to configure the water level measurement structure 9, first, a flexible, bendable or flexible tube 13 having both end openings having a length of about 80% of the inner circumference of the sewer pipe 1 is prepared. Here, the inner diameter of the sewage pipe 1 is 200 mm, and the length of the tube 13 is about 500 mm. A water inlet / outlet 19 is opened in the center of the tube 13 in the length direction (FIG. 6a). The thickness of the tube 13 is, for example, 6 mm inside diameter × 8 mm outside diameter, and the water inlet / outlet port 19 is a circular port having a diameter of 3 mm to 3.5 mm, for example. If the diameter of the water inlet / outlet 19 is less than 3 mm, the water inlet / outlet 19 may be easily clogged by sludge in the sewage 3. Such a water inlet / outlet port 19 can be formed by a punch, for example. The tube 13 provided with the water inlet / outlet 19 is fixed by the staple 15 along the inner peripheral surface 11 of the sewer pipe 1 so that the water inlet / outlet 19 faces the bottom 17 of the inner surface of the sewer pipe 1 (FIG. 6b). . Then, the needle of the syringe 25 containing the colored liquid 21 is inserted into the tube 13, and the colored liquid 21 is injected or supplied to the upper side of the sewage 3 that has entered the tube 13 from the water inlet / outlet 19 (FIG. 6 c). Here, the tube 13 is attached to the sewage pipe 1 when the water level of the sewage 3 is lowered, and the colored liquid 21 is injected or supplied to the tube 13 when the water level of the sewage 3 is appropriately increased. Can do.

  By the way, when the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 is lowered and the remaining amount of the sewage 3 in the tube 13 is reduced, the boundary between the sewage 3 and the colored liquid 21 located on both sides as shown in FIG. When the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 approaches the outer diameter of the tube 13 or is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the tube 13, the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 is displaced. And the relationship between the lower end L of the colored region 23 becomes complicated. Therefore, when the lower end L of the colored region 23 forms a letter C, the predetermined minimum water level is uniformly recognized, or the sewage 3 in the sewer pipe 1 is determined depending on the distance or distance between the colored regions 23 on both sides. It is possible to judge the water level. Further, when the water level of the sewage 3 in the sewage pipe 1 approaches the outer diameter of the tube 13 or less than the outer diameter of the tube 13, the water level of the sewage 3 in the vicinity of the tube 13 is at other parts of the sewage 3. This level must be taken into account when determining the minimum water level. Therefore, when the lower end L of the colored region 23 forms a letter C, it is preferable to directly recognize the minimum flow rate. Here, it is possible to uniformly determine a predetermined minimum flow rate, but it is effective to derive the minimum flow rate based on the distance between the colored regions 23 on both sides. In order to derive the minimum flow rate based on the interval between the colored regions 23 on both sides, it is conceivable that the relationship between the interval between the colored regions 23 on both sides and the flow rate is obtained by experiments and the regression line or regression curve of the minimum flow rate is subjected to regression analysis. . FIG. 8 shows a correlation diagram in which a table showing a relationship obtained by an experiment between the interval between the colored regions 23 and the flow rate and a regression curve 29 showing the relationship between the interval between the colored regions 23 and the flow rate or the minimum flow rate are shown. ing. Here, the upper AA interval at the lower end L of the colored region 23 on both sides is used as the interval between the colored regions 23 (see FIG. 7, the AA interval is the interval when the tube 13 is straightened. ) If the flow rate of the sewage 3 is extremely reduced, the upper sides A of the lower ends L of the colored regions 23 on both sides may be connected to each other. You may comprise a regression graph using -B space | interval (refer FIG. 7, BB space | interval uses the space | interval when the tube 13 is extended straight). In FIG. 9, it calculated | required by experiment of the space | interval of the coloring region 23 and flow volume (1500 ml / min or more) at the time of using lower BB space | interval of the lower end L of the coloring region 23 of both sides as a space | interval of the coloring region 23. A table showing the relationship and a correlation diagram in which a regression line or a regression curve 30 showing the relationship between the interval between the colored regions 23 and the flow rate or the minimum flow rate are shown. When the lower BB interval of the colored region 23 is less than 30 mm, a predetermined minimum flow rate can be uniformly recognized. In addition, when the upper side A of the lower end L of the colored regions 23 on both sides is connected, it is possible to cope with a uniform minimum flow rate.

The case where the space | interval of the lower end L of the coloring area | region 23 is measured with reference to FIG.

When measuring the distance between the lower ends L of the colored regions 23 located on both sides, the both end openings or the upper end openings of the tube 13 are sealed with caps 31 respectively, the staple 15 is removed, and the tube 13 is opened from the opening portion 7 of the sewer pipe 1. Take out. Sealing of the opening at both ends of the tube 13 may be performed by an operator holding the opening at both ends with a finger. Here, if the water inlet / outlet 19 has a diameter larger than 3.5 mm, the sewage 3 or the like may easily flow out of the water inlet / outlet 19 even if both ends of the tube 13 are closed. The diameter of the doorway 19 is set to 3.5 mm or less. Then, the tube 13 is straightly extended so that the sewage 3 does not flow out from the water inlet / outlet 19, and the interval between the lower ends L of the colored regions 23 is measured with the scale 33.

  The water level measurement structure and the water level measurement method of the present invention can be applied to a water amount survey of a sewer pipe.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sewage pipe 3 Sewage 9 Water level measurement structure 13 Tube 19 Water inlet / outlet 21 Colored liquid

Claims (9)

A water level measurement structure for measuring the level of water flowing in a water pipe,
A transparent or translucent tube having a lower end opening and an upper end opening attached to the inner peripheral surface of the water pipe along the circumferential direction,
The lower end opening of the tube is located at the bottom inside the water pipe,
A water level measuring structure, wherein a colorant is floated on the water in the flowing water pipe entering the tube from the lower end opening. A water level measurement structure for measuring the level of water flowing in a water pipe,
A U-shaped or C-shaped transparent or translucent tube having both ends opened, which is attached to the inner circumferential surface of the water pipe along the circumferential direction through the bottom of the inner circumferential surface,
A water inlet / outlet is formed at the lower end of the tube,
A water level measuring structure in which a colorant is floated on both sides in the width direction of water in the water pipe entering the tube from the water inlet / outlet.   The water level measurement structure according to claim 2, wherein the water inlet / outlet is formed on an outer peripheral side of a lower end portion of the tube.   4. The water level measuring structure according to claim 1, wherein the coloring material is a coloring liquid. A water level measurement method for measuring the level of water flowing in a water pipe,
Preparing a transparent or translucent flexible tube having at least two openings;
An arrangement step of attaching the tube to the inner peripheral surface of the water pipe along the circumferential direction so that one of the openings is located at the bottom of the water pipe as an inlet / outlet of water;
Injecting the colorant into the tube, and injecting the colorant into the water in the water pipe that has entered the tube from the water entrance and exit, and
An observation step of observing the colored region of the tube with the colorant after a predetermined time or days have passed,
A water level measuring method, wherein the highest water level is recognized based on the observed upper end position of the colored region of the tube. A water level measurement method for measuring the level of water flowing in a water pipe,
A preparation step of preparing a transparent or translucent flexible tube in which both ends in the length direction are open and a water inlet / outlet is formed in the middle in the length direction;
The tube is U-shaped along the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the water pipe, such that the water inlet / outlet is located at the bottom inside the water pipe and the opening is located at the upper end on both sides in the width direction. A placement process to attach in a C-shape;
Injecting the colorant into the tube, and injecting the colorant on both sides in the width direction to the water in the water pipe entering the tube from the water entrance and exit,
An observation step of observing the colored region of the tube with the colorant after a predetermined time or days have passed,
A water level measuring method, wherein the highest water level is recognized based on the observed upper end position of the colored region of the tube.   The water level measuring method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the coloring material is a coloring liquid.   The water level measurement method according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the lowest water level is recognized based on the observed lower end position of the colored region of the tube.   The said arrangement | positioning process WHEREIN: The said tube is attached to the internal peripheral surface of the said water flow pipe so that the said water entrance / exit may be located in the outer peripheral side of the lower end part of the said tube, The said water flow pipe | tube, 8. The water level measuring method according to 8.

Images