JP2016084702A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow smooth and safe comings and goings between a center scaffold and a maintenance passage.SOLUTION: A center scaffold 27 on the right front side of an engine room 12 in an upper frame 10 of a revolving superstructure 2 and a rear-upward stepwise maintenance passage P2 on the lateral side opposite to a cabin 17 having a plurality of steps 28, 29, 30 leading to the center scaffold 27 are provided, respectively. In the cross direction of the upper frame, the uppermost step 30 of the maintenance passage P2 is located inside of the inside ends of the other steps 28, 29, and inside of the end of the center scaffold 27. Thus, a transfer area S is formed where the step 30 and a part of the center scaffold 27 are continuously lined up with each other on a straight line in the longitudinal direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine having an improved scaffolding and passage structure for performing maintenance work such as an engine.

  The background art will be described using an excavator as an example.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the excavator has an upper swing body 2 mounted on a crawler-type lower traveling body 1 so as to be rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the ground. A work attachment 9 having a boom 3, an arm 4, a bucket 5, and hydraulic cylinders (boom, arm, and bucket cylinders) 6, 7, and 8 for operating them is mounted on the part.

  The upper swing body 2 is configured by providing various devices and equipment on an upper frame 10 as a base.

  That is, an engine room 12 whose upper surface is opened and closed by a bonnet 11 is provided at the rear part of the upper frame. The engine room 12 includes an engine 13 as a power source and related devices (a radiator 14, a cooling fan 15, a hydraulic pump 16). Etc.) are installed.

  On the other hand, in front of the engine room 12, the cabin 17 is installed on one of the left and right sides (usually the left side, which will be described in this case).

  In this specification, “front and rear” and “left and right” refer to the directionality seen from the operator seated in the cabin 17, and “left and right direction” means the upper frame width direction.

  On the opposite side (right side) of the upper frame 10 to the cabin 17, in front of the engine room 12, a hydraulic oil tank 18 that stores hydraulic oil and a fuel tank 19 that stores fuel are juxtaposed in front and rear as illustrated. (Hereinafter, although described in this case, it may be arranged in parallel on the left and right).

  Further, a central scaffold 20 for performing maintenance on the engine room and other equipment in the engine room including the engine 13 is provided at an intermediate portion in the upper frame width direction immediately in front of the engine room 12 and in front of the hydraulic oil tank 18. A maintenance passage P1 leading to the central scaffold 20 for guiding maintenance personnel to the central scaffold 20 is provided.

  In FIG. 8, 21 is an air cleaner installed between the engine room 12 and the cabin 17 on the left side of the upper frame.

  The maintenance passage P1 includes a step plate 22 provided at the front end portion of the upper frame as a front end portion of the passage, and a lifting step 23 of one to a plurality of stages (two cases are illustrated in the figure, which will be described below). , 24.

  Both raising / lowering steps 23 and 24 are normally formed using the upper surface of mounting equipment. For example, the first step elevating step 23 is formed by the upper surface cover of the tool box 25, and the second step elevating step 24 is formed by the upper surface of the fuel tank 19 or its upper surface cover.

  In FIG. 8, in order to distinguish the central scaffold 20 and the maintenance passage P <b> 1 from others, the central scaffold 20, the tread plate 22, and the lifting steps 23 and 24 are surrounded by a thick line and indicated by hatching.

  Conventionally, the central scaffold 20 and the maintenance passage P1 are arranged in a state where there is no connection in the front-rear direction at a transfer portion between the two as illustrated (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  That is, the right end of the central scaffold 20 (the end on the maintenance passage side; hereinafter referred to as “scaffold end”) and the left end of the upper end portion of the maintenance passage P1 (the left end of the second step lifting / lowering step 24. ”) Is set at substantially the same position in the left-right direction, and the central scaffold 20 is located on the right side (Patent Document 1) or diagonally forward right (Patent Documents 2 and 3) when viewed from the upper end of the passage. Yes.

JP 2010-47975 A JP 2010-150835 A Japanese Patent No. 5106711

  As described above, according to a known technique in which the maintenance passage P1 and the central scaffold 20 are not connected in the front-rear direction, the maintenance personnel are forced to perform an irregular movement in which the maintenance personnel move obliquely or laterally at the transfer portion between the two P1 and P20. It will be.

  That is, after climbing up the maintenance path P1 in a straight line, the direction must be changed to the right or diagonally right and transferred to the central scaffold 20.

  In particular, in the case of the staircase-shaped maintenance passage P1, since the foot travel (step length and how to raise and lower the foot) is usually determined by one step / step, the posture tends to be lost due to the change of foot travel at the time of transfer. In the known technique, the posture tends to become more unstable because it involves lateral or oblique movement at this time.

  In this respect, according to the known passage structure, there is a problem in the safety and smoothness of movement between the ground and the central scaffold.

  As a mitigation measure for this problem, as shown in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the rear end of the upper end of the passage is positioned rearward from the front end of the central scaffold 20 (extends) to the left and right. It is conceivable to form a continuous portion.

  However, it is not a fundamental solution because it requires lateral movement (including oblique movement) at the transfer part.

  In addition, the maintenance passage P1 is provided in such a manner that a space for other equipment such as a tank is used as described above under a situation where a dedicated space cannot be taken, and this equipment space itself is limited in the longitudinal direction. For this reason, for example, when a passage is formed by recessing a part of the upper surface of the hydraulic oil tank as in Patent Document 3, the tank capacity is further reduced due to the rearward extension of the upper end of the passage. It ’s not a good idea because it wrinkles.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a construction machine that can move smoothly and safely between a central scaffolding and a maintenance passage while having a configuration that does not affect other facilities.

  As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, an upper swing body is rotatably mounted on a lower traveling body, and an engine and related devices are accommodated in a rear portion of an upper frame that serves as a base of the upper swing body. The engine room is provided with a cabin at the front part on one side of the left and right sides, while the front side of the engine room is a central scaffold for maintenance work at the center in the width direction of the upper frame, and the cabin in the upper frame. In the construction machine, the maintenance passage is configured in a back-up stepped shape having a plurality of lifting steps, each of which is provided with a back-up maintenance passage for guiding maintenance personnel from the front ground to the central scaffolding on the opposite side. Of the plurality of lifting steps, the uppermost stage constituting the upper end of the maintenance passage The inner end of the descending step is located inward of the upper frame width direction with respect to the inner end of the other lifting steps other than the uppermost lifting step, and more than the end of the central scaffold on the maintenance passage side. It is located inside the upper frame width direction, and thereby forms a transfer portion in which the uppermost lifting step and a part of the central scaffold are arranged on a straight line in the front-rear direction.

  According to this configuration, the upper end portion of the maintenance passage, that is, the uppermost lifting step and the center scaffold are arranged on a straight line in the front-rear direction so as to form a transfer portion. As in the case of the technology, it is not necessary to take an irregular movement of moving obliquely or laterally at the transfer part of the maintenance passage and the central scaffold.

  In other words, it is possible to move smoothly and safely between the maintenance passage and the central scaffolding by natural footing that goes up and down in a straight line.

  In addition, the transfer portion is formed by setting the position of the scaffold end and the passage end in the left-right direction, and there is no need to change the front-rear direction dimension of the equipment space, so there is no possibility of affecting other equipment.

  In the construction machine, the upper and lower lifting steps of the maintenance passage are adjacent to the central scaffold in a substantially flush state in front of the central scaffold, so that the transfer portion is formed substantially continuously in the front-rear direction. Is desirable.

  According to this configuration, safety and smoothness of movement can be further improved.

  It is desirable that the uppermost lifting / lowering step of the maintenance passage is formed as an open surface having no adjacent barriers on both the left and right sides.

  For example, as in Patent Document 3, when a part of the upper surface of the tank is recessed to form the upper end portion of the passage, the side wall of the tank convex portion is adjacent to the left side of the passage as a barrier, which hinders transfer.

  In this respect, the uppermost lifting step is formed as an open surface without a barrier on the side, so that the transfer is further smoothed.

  In the construction machine, it is desirable that the fuel tank and the hydraulic oil tank are arranged in a state of being opposed to the left and right sides of the upper frame in front of the engine room, and the central scaffold is provided between the tanks. .

  In this way, the two tanks, which are large equipment, are distributed and installed on the left and right sides of the upper frame, so that the central space, that is, the width of the central scaffold is widened, and the end of the scaffold is positioned outside the end of the maintenance passage. Becomes easy.

  In this case, among the fuel tank and the hydraulic oil tank, the tank on the maintenance passage side preferably projects upward from the central scaffold.

  If it carries out like this, a relative position of a center scaffold can be lowered | hung by a tank protrusion part, and a safety fence can be made unnecessary, ensuring a required tank capacity. Alternatively, even if a safety fence is provided, it can be low.

  As described above, the maintenance machine maintenance passage is configured in a step-up manner having a plurality of steps of raising and lowering, and the transfer portion includes the uppermost raising and lowering step which is the upper end of the maintenance passage and the center. It is formed between the scaffolds.

  In the case of a staircase-shaped maintenance passage, as described above, the posture is likely to be lost by changing the stride and the way the feet are lifted, particularly when going uphill.

  However, when the transfer part as described above is formed, the effect of ensuring safety becomes significant because it is only necessary to move back and forth without moving laterally as in the known art.

  An auxiliary step close to the central scaffold and the upper end of the maintenance passage may be provided in front of the central scaffold.

  In this way, particularly when the width of the transfer portion cannot be widened, the transfer portion can be substantially widened by the auxiliary step to further enhance the safety.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to move smoothly and safely between the central scaffolding and the maintenance passage while having a configuration that does not affect other facilities.

It is a perspective view of the upper revolving structure of the shovel which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. FIG. It is the IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a perspective view of the upper revolving structure of the shovel which concerns on the reference form of this invention. FIG. It is the whole schematic side view which shows the shovel which is an application object of this invention, and a prior art. It is a top view which shows a prior art.

  The embodiment is applied to an excavator.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 and the reference embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are the same as the prior art shown in FIGS.

  (A) The upper turning body 2 is mounted on the lower traveling body so as to be turnable around an axis perpendicular to the ground.

  (B) The upper turning body 2 is configured by providing various devices and equipment on an upper frame 10 as a base.

  (C) An engine room 12 that is opened and closed by a bonnet 11 is provided at the rear part of the upper frame 10. The engine room 12 includes an engine 13 as a power source and related equipment (a radiator 14, a cooling fan 15, a hydraulic pump 16. Etc.) is installed.

  (D) The cabin 17 is installed on the left side in front of the engine room 12.

  (E) On the opposite side (right side) of the upper frame 10 to the cabin 17, a hydraulic oil tank 18 that stores hydraulic oil is installed in front of the engine room 12.

  In FIGS. 1 and 3, the cabin 17 is indicated by a virtual line for convenience.

  In both the above embodiments, a fuel tank 19 for storing fuel is installed behind the cabin 17 (between the cabin 17 and the engine room 12) in the upper frame 10, and an air cleaner that filters engine intake air on the fuel tank 19. 21 is arranged.

  In other words, the hydraulic oil and fuel tanks 18 and 19 arranged side by side on the right side of the upper frame in the prior art shown in FIGS. 21 is arranged (three-dimensionally arranged) on the fuel tank 19 so as to overlap.

  As a result, an empty space for the fuel tank is created in front of the hydraulic oil tank 18, that is, below a maintenance passage P2, which will be described later, and other equipment such as a liquid reducing agent tank 26 (or a hybrid machine) is added here. For example, or both of them may be installed.

  In addition, since a margin of space in the front-rear direction is created on the right side of the upper frame, the planar shape of the hydraulic oil tank 18 is a rectangle whose left-right direction dimension is smaller than the front-rear direction dimension as shown in FIG. It becomes possible to install.

  This makes it possible to widen the space between both tanks 18 and 19.

  On the premise of this, a central scaffold 27 for performing maintenance of equipment in the engine room including the engine 13 is provided between the hydraulic oil and fuel tanks 18 and 19 immediately before the engine room 12.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the heights of the tanks 18 and 19 are set so as to protrude above the center scaffold 27.

  On the other hand, a maintenance passage P <b> 2 that leads to the central scaffold 27 for guiding maintenance personnel to the central scaffold 27 is provided in front of the hydraulic oil tank 18.

  The maintenance passage P2 includes a step plate 28 provided at the front end portion of the upper frame as a passage front end portion, and an elevating step 29 of one to a plurality of steps (two steps are illustrated in the figure, which will be described below). , 30.

  Both raising / lowering steps 29 and 30 are formed using a mounting equipment like the past.

  For example, the first step elevating step 29 is formed by inclining the upper surface lid of the tool box 31 forward and lowering the middle part thereof.

  On the other hand, the second step elevating step 30 is formed as an open surface having no barrier adjacent to the left and right sides by an upper surface cover 32 covering the upper surface of the liquid reducing agent tank 26.

  In FIG. 2, in order to distinguish the central scaffold 27 and the maintenance passage P2 from others, the central scaffold 27, the footboard 28, and both the lifting steps 29 and 30 are surrounded by a thick line and indicated by hatching.

Here, the maintenance passage P2 is
(I) The innermost end in the upper frame width direction at the upper end of the passage (the left end of the second step elevating step 30; the end of the passage) is the end on the maintenance passage side of the central scaffold 27 (the right end of the central scaffold 27. the scaffold). Located on the inner side of the upper frame width direction than the end)
(II) The upper end portion of the passage is provided in front of the central scaffold 27 and adjacent to the central scaffold 27 in a substantially flush state.

  In other words, in response to the fact that the space between the two tanks 18 and 19 can be widened based on the left and right distribution arrangement of the hydraulic oil and fuel tanks 18 and 19 as described above, the passage end and the scaffold of the above (I) The end position can be actually set.

  The “substantially flush state” includes not only a completely flush state but also a state having a slight level difference that does not hinder movement.

  Further, “adjacent” means both a state in which there is no gap and a state in which a slight seam that does not affect movement appears.

  As a result, a transfer portion (portion with two oblique lines in FIG. 2) S in which the upper end portion of the maintenance passage P2 and a part of the central scaffold 27 are continuously arranged on a straight line in the front-rear direction is formed.

  In order to avoid complication of the figure, the symbol “S” of the transfer part is attached only to FIG.

  In the figure, 33 and 34 are lower and upper handrails for movement assistance provided at the right end of the passage along the maintenance passage P2.

  According to this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

  1) Since the transfer portion S is formed by arranging the upper end portion of the maintenance passage P2 and a part of the central scaffold 27 on a straight line in the front-rear direction, as in the case of each known technique having no connection in the front-rear direction, There is no need to take an irregular movement of moving diagonally or sideways at the transfer part of the maintenance passage and the central scaffolding. In other words, it is possible to move smoothly and safely between the maintenance passage and the central scaffolding by natural footing that goes up and down in a straight line.

  In particular, in this embodiment, the maintenance passage P2 is provided in a state in which the upper end of the passage is adjacent to the central scaffold 27 in a substantially flush state in front of the central scaffold 27, so that the transfer portion S is substantially continuous in the front-rear direction. Therefore, safety and smoothness of movement can be further enhanced.

  The above-described effect is particularly remarkable in the step-like maintenance passage P2 that easily loses its posture as in the embodiment.

  2) The transfer portion S is formed by setting the position of the scaffold end and the passage end in the left-right direction, and there is no need to change the front-rear direction dimension of the equipment space, so there is no possibility of affecting other equipment.

  3) Since the upper end portion (second step elevating step 30) of the maintenance passage P2 is formed as an open surface without a barrier adjacent to the left and right sides, for example, a portion of the upper surface of the tank is recessed to form a passage. As in the case, there is no possibility that the side wall of the tank convex portion becomes a barrier and hinders transfer. In other words, the transfer becomes even smoother.

4) Since both the fuel and hydraulic oil tanks 18 and 19 are projected upward from the central scaffold 27, the safety fence is provided by lowering the relative position of the central scaffold 27 by the tank projecting portion while ensuring the necessary tank capacity. Even if a safety fence is provided, the height can be reduced.

Reference form (see Figs. 5 and 6)
Only differences from the above embodiment will be described.

  In the reference mode, as a path configuration in the case where there is no additional equipment such as the liquid reducing agent tank 26 in the above embodiment, the maintenance path P2 is in a state without the second step elevating step 30 in the above embodiment, that is, the tread plate 28. And a one-step lifting / lowering step (first step lifting / lowering step in the above embodiment) 29.

  Also in this reference form, the scaffold end is provided in a state of being located on the right side of the passage end (the left end of the lifting step 29), and the upper end portion of the maintenance passage P2, that is, the lifting step 29 and a part of the central scaffold 27 are connected to each other. A transfer portion (portion hatched in two directions in FIG. 6) S arranged on a straight line in the front-rear direction is formed.

  However, according to this configuration, unlike the above-described embodiment, the lifting step 29 itself and the central scaffold 27 are not directly continuous, and the continuity of the transfer portion S is maintained via the upper end of the tool box. .

  Moreover, in this reference form, considering that the width of the transfer portion S is narrower than that in the above embodiment, the auxiliary step 35 is provided at the front right side of the central scaffold 27, that is, the passage upper end, that is, the left side of the rear end of the tool box 31 It is provided in a bowl shape in the vicinity of the central scaffold 27.

  As a result, it is possible to substantially widen the transfer portion S in the auxiliary step 35 and increase the safety of the transfer.

Other Embodiments (1) In the above embodiment, the maintenance passage P2 is configured as a staircase, but may be configured by a slope or a combination of a slope and a staircase.

  (2) In the above embodiment, the hydraulic oil tank 18 is installed on the side of the maintenance passage P2, but the fuel tank 19 may be installed on the side of the passage and the hydraulic oil tank 18 may be installed on each side of the cabin. .

  (3) Although the first step elevating step (in the reference embodiment, elevating step) 29 of the above embodiment is formed as a concave surface, it may be formed as an open surface that is flat and has no adjacent barriers on both the left and right sides.

  (4) The auxiliary step 35 of the reference mode may be provided also in the above embodiment for the purpose of further improving transferability.

  (5) The present invention is not limited to excavators, and can be widely applied to other construction machines provided with a central scaffold and a maintenance passage for guiding maintenance personnel to the central scaffold.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper revolving body 10 Upper frame 12 Engine room 13 Engine 17 Cabin 18 Hydraulic oil tank 19 Fuel tank 27 Central scaffold 28 Tread board which constitutes a maintenance passage 29 Same as above, Elevating step 30 Same as elevating step 31 Elevating step formed Tool box 32 Same as above, Top cover of liquid reducing agent tank P2 Maintenance passage S Transfer part 35 Auxiliary step

Claims (6)

  An upper revolving unit is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling unit. The engine room that houses the engine and related equipment is located in the rear part of the upper frame that forms the base of the upper revolving unit. Are provided on the opposite side of the upper frame from the front side of the front side of the engine room. In the construction machine provided with the back-up maintenance passage that leads to the central scaffold, the maintenance passage is configured in a back-up stepped shape having a plurality of lifting steps, and the upper end of the maintenance passage among the plurality of lifting steps. The upper end of the upper and lower lifting steps constituting the upper part is the upper frame width. About the direction, located on the inner side of the inner side of the other lifting step other than the uppermost lifting step, and further on the inner side in the upper frame width direction than the end on the maintenance passage side of the central scaffold, thereby The construction machine is characterized in that the uppermost lifting step and a part of the central scaffold form a transfer portion arranged on a straight line in the front-rear direction.   The upper and lower lifting steps of the maintenance passage are adjacent to the central scaffold in a substantially flush state in front of the central scaffold, so that the transfer portion is formed substantially continuously in the front-rear direction. The construction machine according to claim 1.   The construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the uppermost lifting step of the maintenance passage is formed as an open surface having no adjacent barrier on both the left and right sides.   The fuel tank and the hydraulic oil tank are arranged in a state of being opposed to the left and right sides of the upper frame in front of the engine room, and the central scaffold is provided between the tanks. 4. The construction machine according to any one of 3 above.   The construction machine according to claim 4, wherein the tank on the maintenance passage side of the fuel tank and the hydraulic oil tank protrudes upward from the central scaffold.   The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an auxiliary step is provided in front of the central scaffolding and close to the central scaffolding and an upper end portion of the maintenance passage.

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