JP2016084395A - Fossil fuel extraction system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce cost required for heating upon the extraction of fossil fuels from an oil-impregnated rock.SOLUTION: Provided is a fossil fuel extraction system 100 comprising: a first fluidized bed furnace 140 into which oil-impregnated rock and heated solid particles SP are introduced to form a fluidized bed of the solid particles, and further, by the heat of the solid particles, among the fossil fuels in the oil-impregnated rock, in which lightweight components are evaporated; a combustion furnace 120 into which residual SP-H including heavy components and the solid particles produced in the first fluidized bed furnace 140 is introduced, and which burns the heavy components in the residue to heat the solid particles; a particle extraction part 210 extracting the solid particles fed out from the combustion furnace, being a part of the solid particles before the introduction into the first fluidized bed furnace or in the first fluidized bed furnace; and a second fluidized bed furnace 220 storing the solid particles extracted by the particle extraction part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fossil fuel extraction system that extracts fossil fuel from oil sand or the like.

  In recent years, techniques for extracting fossil fuels from oil-bearing rocks such as oil sands, which are sandstones containing fossil fuel (bitumen), and oil shale, which are shale containing fossil fuels, have been developed.

  For example, as a technique for extracting fossil fuel from oil-bearing rocks, the oil-bearing rock is surface-excavated, mixed with water to form a slurry, and then the slurry is heated to extract fossil fuel (direct mining method), or buried In this state, high temperature water vapor is sprayed on the oil-bearing rock, and the mixture of fossil fuel and water that has flowed down is sucked, and then the mixture is heated to extract the fossil fuel. Law) is used.

  In addition, a technique is also disclosed in which oil-bearing rock is introduced into a fluidized bed furnace in which a high-temperature fluid medium of about 900 ° C. forms a fluidized bed, and fossil fuel in the oil-bearing rock is reformed and extracted (for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 5239226

  However, the direct mining method and the SAGD method require significant costs for the treatment of water after use and the heating of the slurry and the mixed solution.

  Moreover, in the technique of patent document 1, since it is the specification which reforms not only the light part which evaporates at predetermined temperature but the heavy part whose boiling point is higher than a light part among fossil fuels, it is the temperature of a fluidized bed furnace. Must be maintained at a high temperature not lower than the boiling point of the heavy component (for example, about 900 ° C.), and the cost for maintaining the fluidized bed furnace at a high temperature has been incurred.

  Then, in view of such a subject, this invention aims at providing the fossil fuel extraction system which can reduce the cost at the time of extracting a fossil fuel from an oil-bearing rock.

  In order to solve the above problems, a fossil fuel extraction system of the present invention is a fossil fuel extraction system for extracting fossil fuel from an oil-bearing rock, which is a substance in which solid particles and fossil fuel are combined. The first fluidized bed furnace in which the heated solid particles are introduced to form a fluidized bed of solid particles, and the light content of the fossil fuel in the oil-bearing rock is evaporated by the heat of the solid particles. The residue consisting of heavy components, which are fossil fuels with a boiling point higher than the lighter components, and solid particles, which are generated by the evaporation of solids, is introduced, and the heavy particles in the residue are burned to heat the solid particles And the solid particles heated in the combustion furnace are introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace so that the solid particles circulate between the combustion furnace and the first fluidized bed furnace. Solid particles delivered from the first fluidized bed furnace. A solid particle before extraction, or a particle extraction part for extracting a part of the solid particles in the first fluidized bed furnace, a second fluidized bed furnace for containing the solid particles extracted by the particle extraction part, Is further provided.

  Further, the solid particles contained in the second fluidized bed furnace and the water are further exchanged with heat, and further provided with a first heat exchanger that generates water vapor by heating the water, It may be fluidized by steam generated by the first heat exchanger.

  In addition, solid particles heated in the combustion furnace and combustion exhaust gas generated by burning heavy components are introduced, and further provided with a medium separation unit that separates solid particles and combustion exhaust gas, and separated by the medium separation unit The solid particles may be introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace, and the solid particles may be fluidized by the combustion exhaust gas separated by the medium separator in the second fluidized bed furnace.

  Further, heat exchange is performed between one or both of the combustion exhaust gas separated by the medium separation unit and the exhaust gas discharged from the second fluidized bed furnace, and water before being introduced into the first heat exchanger, A second heat exchanger for preheating water may be further provided.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the cost required for heating when extracting fossil fuel from oil-bearing rock.

It is a figure for demonstrating a fossil fuel extraction system. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect at the time of extracting the fossil fuel from an oil-bearing rock using the fossil fuel extraction system concerning embodiment, a direct mining method, and a SAGD method.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

(Fossil fuel extraction system 100)
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a fossil fuel extraction system 100. As shown in FIG. 1, the fossil fuel extraction system 100 includes a circulating fluidized bed unit 110, a particle extraction unit 210, a second fluidized bed furnace 220, a first heat exchanger 230, a water tank 240, a second And a heat exchanger 250. In addition, the flow of a substance is shown by the solid line arrow in FIG.

(Circulating fluidized bed unit 110)
The circulating fluidized bed unit 110 includes a combustion furnace 120, a medium separator (cyclone) 130, and a first fluidized bed furnace 140, and circulates solid particles SP functioning as a fluidized medium as a heat medium. . More specifically, the solid particles SP are heated to about 500 ° C. to 600 ° C. in the combustion furnace 120 and introduced into the medium separation unit 130 together with the combustion exhaust gas EGa.

  In the medium separator 130, the high-temperature solid particles SP and the combustion exhaust gas EGa are separated. The high-temperature solid particles SP separated by the medium separation unit 130 are introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace 140. The solid particles SP introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace 140 are fluidized into a fluidized gas (water vapor) introduced from the bottom surface of the first fluidized bed furnace 140, and finally, the combustion furnace 120. Returned to

  As described above, in the circulating fluidized bed unit 110, the solid particles SP move through the combustion furnace 120, the medium separator 130, and the first fluidized bed furnace 140 in this order, and are introduced into the combustion furnace 120 again. Will be circulated.

  In the present embodiment, the first fluidized bed furnace 140 is introduced with oil sand, which is sandstone containing fossil fuel, and oil-bearing rock such as oil shale, which is shale containing fossil fuel. Part of the fossil fuel is extracted. The solid particles SP such as sandstone and shale contained in the oil-containing rock also function as a fluidized medium, and circulate in the first fluidized bed furnace 140, the combustion furnace 120, and the medium separation unit 130 in this order. That is, it can be said that the oil-containing rock is a substance in which the solid particles SP and the fossil fuel are combined.

  If the introduction of the oil-bearing rock into the first fluidized bed furnace 140 is continued to extract the fossil fuel, the solid particles SP in the oil-bearing rock accumulate, and the combustion furnace 120, the medium separation unit 130, the first fluidized bed furnace. The amount of solid particles SP circulating in 140 gradually increases. Therefore, the fossil fuel extraction system 100 of the present embodiment includes the particle extraction unit 210 and extracts a part of the solid particles SP.

  Hereinafter, after describing the first fluidized bed furnace 140, the combustion furnace 120, and the medium separation unit 130 that constitute the circulating fluidized bed unit 110 in this order, the particle extraction unit 210, the second fluidized bed furnace 220, and the first heat exchange. The apparatus 230, the water tank 240, and the 2nd heat exchanger 250 are demonstrated.

  The first fluidized bed furnace 140 is introduced with the high-temperature solid particles SP sent from the medium separator 130. A wind box 142 is provided below the first fluidized bed furnace 140. Then, steam generated in a first heat exchanger 230 described later is introduced into the wind box 142, and steam is supplied into the first fluidized bed furnace 140 from the bottom surface of the first fluidized bed furnace 140 through the window box 142. Has been. Thus, by supplying water vapor to the high-temperature solid particles SP introduced from the medium separator 130, a fluidized bed of solid particles SP is formed in the first fluidized bed furnace 140.

  Further, as described above, the oil-bearing rock is introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace 140, and a part of the fossil fuel in the oil-bearing rock is evaporated by the heat of about 400 ° C. of the solid particles SP. More specifically, the fossil fuel in the oil-bearing rock contains a light component that is evaporated by the heat of the solid particles SP and a heavy component that has a higher boiling point than the light component. Accordingly, when the contained rock is introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace 140, the light component in the contained rock evaporates and becomes gas (light component gas). The light component gas generated in this manner is sent from the first fluidized bed furnace 140 to the subsequent equipment.

  On the other hand, the residue SP-H that is formed by evaporating the light component from the oil-bearing rock and including the heavy component and the solid particles SP is introduced into the combustion furnace 120 as a fluidized medium.

  The residue SP-H and the fuel 122 are introduced into the combustion furnace 120 and burned to heat the solid particles SP. The fuel introduced into the combustion furnace 120 can be reduced by the configuration in which the combustion furnace 120 uses the heavy component in the residue SP-H as the fuel for heating the solid particles SP. That is, the cost required for heating the solid particles SP for generating light component gas (evaporating the light component) in the first fluidized bed furnace 140 can be reduced, and the cost for extracting fossil fuel can be reduced. It becomes possible.

  In addition, the heating amount of the solid particles SP in the combustion furnace 120 is not limited to the heavy component in the first fluidized bed furnace 140, but only needs to evaporate the light component having a low boiling point. The cost for heating the solid particles SP can be reduced as compared with the conventional fluidized bed furnace that evaporates.

  The medium separation unit 130 receives the solid particles SP heated in the combustion furnace 120 and the combustion exhaust gas EGa generated by burning heavy components, and separates the solid particles SP and the combustion exhaust gas EGa. Then, the separated combustion exhaust gas EGa is introduced into a window box 222 of a second fluidized bed furnace 220 described later and used as a fluidized gas in the second fluidized bed furnace 220. The separated high-temperature solid particles SP are again introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace 140.

  The particle extraction unit 210 includes a pipe connecting the first fluidized bed furnace 140 and the second fluidized bed furnace 220, and a transfer device (for example, a screw feeder) provided in the pipe. Part of the solid particles SP in the furnace 140 is extracted and introduced into the second fluidized bed furnace 220. In the present embodiment, the particle extraction unit 210 controls the extraction amount of the solid particles SP by controlling the driving of the transfer device.

  In the present embodiment, the particle extraction unit 210 is further upstream of the partition plate 144 disposed on the upstream side in the flow direction of the solid particles SP from the oil-containing rock introduction port in the first fluidized bed furnace 140. Solid particles SP are extracted from With this configuration, the solid particles SP sent from the combustion furnace 120 can be extracted from the first fluidized bed furnace 140 instead of the oil-containing rock before the light component evaporates and the residue SP-H. Thereby, the situation where the extraction rate of light component gas falls in the 1st fluidized bed furnace 140 can be avoided.

  The second fluidized bed furnace 220 accommodates the solid particles SP extracted by the particle extraction unit 210. With the configuration including the particle extraction unit 210 and the second fluidized bed furnace 220, it is possible to extract excess solid particles SP that increase by continuing the introduction of the oil-bearing rock into the first fluidized bed furnace 140, and the circulation flow The circulation amount of the solid particles SP in the layer unit 110 can be appropriately maintained. Thereby, stabilization of the extraction efficiency of the fossil fuel (light component gas) in the first fluidized bed furnace 140 can be achieved.

  In the present embodiment, the second fluidized bed furnace 220 is a fluidized bed furnace that fluidizes the solid particles SP. More specifically, a wind box 222 is provided below the second fluidized bed furnace 220. Then, the combustion exhaust gas EGa separated by the medium separation unit 130 is introduced into the wind box 222, and the combustion exhaust gas EGa is supplied into the second fluidized bed furnace 220 from the bottom surface of the second fluidized bed furnace 220 through the wind box 222. Has been.

  In this way, by supplying the combustion exhaust gas EGa to the high-temperature solid particles SP that the particle extraction unit 210 has extracted from the first fluidized bed furnace 140 and introduced into the second fluidized bed furnace 220, the second fluidized bed furnace 220. Inside, a fluidized bed of solid particles SP is formed.

  Further, the configuration in which the solid particles SP are fluidized by the combustion exhaust gas EGa separated by the medium separation unit 130 makes it possible to maintain the temperature of the solid particles SP at a high temperature without using a separate fuel.

  The first heat exchanger 230 is constituted by a pipe passing through the second fluidized bed furnace 220 and connects the water tank 240 for storing water and the wind box 142 of the first fluidized bed furnace 140. Therefore, when the water introduced from the water tank 240 passes through the first heat exchanger 230, it is heat-exchanged with the solid particles SP accommodated in the second fluidized bed furnace 220, and is heated to become steam. That is, it can be said that the first heat exchanger 230 performs heat exchange between the solid particles SP accommodated in the second fluidized bed furnace 220 and water, and heats the water to generate water vapor. The steam thus generated is introduced into the wind box 142 and fluidizes the solid particles SP in the first fluidized bed furnace 140.

  With the configuration including the first heat exchanger 230, the first fluidized bed is heated by the heat of the solid particles SP extracted by the particle extraction unit 210 and the heat of the combustion exhaust gas EGa separated by the medium separation unit 130. Water vapor used in the furnace 140 can be generated. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce the thermal energy for producing water vapor.

  The 2nd heat exchanger 250 is comprised by piping which passes the inside of the water tank 240, and the combustion exhaust gas EGb discharged | emitted from the 2nd fluidized bed furnace 220 passes through the inside of piping. Therefore, when the flue gas EGb discharged from the second fluidized bed furnace 220 passes through the second heat exchanger 250, it is heat-exchanged with water stored in the water tank 240, and heats (preheats) the water. Become.

  With the configuration including the second heat exchanger 250, water in the water tank 240, that is, water before being introduced into the first heat exchanger 230 can be preheated, and the first heat exchanger 230 can efficiently generate steam. Can be generated.

  As described above, according to the fossil fuel extraction system 100 according to the present embodiment, in the first fluidized bed furnace 140, only the light component is evaporated and the heavy component is used as the fuel for the combustion furnace 120. The fuel for heating the solid particles SP can be reduced. That is, it is possible to reduce the cost required for heating the solid particles SP when extracting fossil fuel from the oil-bearing rock. In addition, since only a small amount of water (water vapor) is used in the first fluidized bed furnace 140, the cost required for water treatment can be reduced.

(Example)
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the effect when fossil fuel is extracted from the oil-bearing rock using the fossil fuel extraction system 100 according to the present embodiment, the direct mining method, and the SAGD method. In FIG. 2, the fossil fuel extraction system 100 (example) according to the present embodiment is shown in white, the direct mining method is shown in black, and the SAGD method is shown in hatching. Further, in FIG. 2, the effect of the example and the effect of the SAGD method are shown with the direct mining method as the reference 100%.

  First, the amount of water used will be described. In the example, it was found that the amount was less than 50% of the direct mining method although it was larger than the SAGD method. Regarding the amount of fuel used, it was confirmed in the Examples that the amount could be reduced to less than 7% of the direct mining method and less than 4% of the SAGD method.

  Furthermore, it was found that the running cost can be suppressed to about 50% of the direct mining method and about 60% of the SAGD method in the example. Moreover, although the extraction rate of fossil fuel was the same as that in the direct mining method in the examples, it was confirmed that it could be improved to about twice that of the SAGD method.

  From the above results, the fossil fuel extraction system 100 according to the present embodiment maintains the same fossil fuel extraction rate as that of the direct mining method, while using water, fuel, It was found that running costs can be greatly reduced. In addition, the fossil fuel extraction system 100 according to the present embodiment can significantly improve the extraction rate of fossil fuel while significantly reducing the amount of fuel used and the running cost as compared with the SAGD method. confirmed.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Is done.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the particle extraction unit 210 extracts the solid particles SP in the first fluidized bed furnace 140 has been described as an example. However, the particle extraction unit 210 is a solid particle SP sent from the combustion furnace 120 and is introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace 140, for example, the medium separation unit 130 and the first fluidized bed. The solid particles SP may be extracted from a pipe connecting the furnace 140.

  In the above embodiment, the second heat exchanger 250 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas (combustion exhaust gas EGb) discharged from the second fluidized bed furnace 220 and water before being introduced into the first heat exchanger 230. The configuration to be described has been described as an example. However, the second heat exchanger 250 may exchange heat between the combustion exhaust gas EGa separated by the medium separation unit 130 and water before being introduced into the first heat exchanger 230, or the combustion exhaust gas EGa and Heat exchange may be performed between the combustion exhaust gas EGb and water before being introduced into the first heat exchanger 230.

  The present invention can be used in a fossil fuel extraction system that extracts fossil fuel from oil sand or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Fossil fuel extraction system 120 Combustion furnace 130 Medium separation part 140 1st fluidized bed furnace 210 Particle extraction part 220 2nd fluidized bed furnace 230 1st heat exchanger 250 2nd heat exchanger

Claims (4)

A fossil fuel extraction system for extracting fossil fuel from oil-bearing rock, which is a substance in which solid particles and fossil fuel are combined,
The oil-bearing rock and the heated solid particles are introduced to form a fluidized bed of the solid particles, and light of the fossil fuel in the oil-bearing rock is evaporated by the heat of the solid particles. A first fluidized bed furnace,
A residue comprising a heavy component that is a fossil fuel having a boiling point higher than that of the light component, which is generated by the evaporation of the light component, and the solid particles is introduced, and the heavy component in the residue is removed. A combustion furnace for burning and heating the solid particles;
With
When the solid particles heated in the combustion furnace are introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace, the solid particles circulate between the combustion furnace and the first fluidized bed furnace,
A particle extraction unit for extracting the solid particles sent from the combustion furnace before being introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace or a part of the solid particles in the first fluidized bed furnace When,
A second fluidized bed furnace containing solid particles extracted by the particle extraction unit;
A fossil fuel extraction system characterized by further comprising: The solid particles contained in the second fluidized bed furnace and heat exchange with water, further comprising a first heat exchanger that generates water vapor by heating the water,
2. The fossil fuel extraction system according to claim 1, wherein the solid particles are fluidized by steam generated by the first heat exchanger in the first fluidized bed furnace. The solid particles heated in the combustion furnace, and the combustion exhaust gas generated by burning the heavy component is introduced, further comprising a medium separation unit that separates the solid particles and the combustion exhaust gas,
The solid particles separated by the medium separation unit are introduced into the first fluidized bed furnace,
The fossil fuel extraction system according to claim 2, wherein the solid particles are fluidized by the combustion exhaust gas separated by the medium separation unit in the second fluidized bed furnace.   Heat exchange is performed between one or both of the combustion exhaust gas separated by the medium separation unit and the exhaust gas discharged from the second fluidized bed furnace, and water before being introduced into the first heat exchanger. The fossil fuel extraction system according to claim 3, further comprising a second heat exchanger for preheating the water.

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