JP2016074131A - Wood shape stability preservation treatment agent and preservation treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shape stability preservation treatment agent and a treatment method capable of treating wood, easily at low cost, and preventing occurrence of mold after performing polyalcohol treatment to wood.SOLUTION: A boric acid solution of almost 32% is acquired by putting water of 100 g, boric acid of 22 g, and borax of 26 g into a beaker, then heating the mixture with an electric heater, and dissolving the mixture completely. Then polyalcohol of 45 g is added to the acquired boric acid solution, for generating a polyalcohol mixture liquid of almost 33%, then, a mold-resistance component of 0.8 g (a stock solution is diluted by almost 250 fold) is added to the polyalcohol mixture liquid of 193 g, for preparing a wood treatment liquid.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood shape stabilizing agent, a method for treating wood, a wood shape stabilizing treatment and an antiseptic ant that can prevent cracking, shrinkage, and deformation caused by drying of wood, and that can recover cracking, shrinkage, and deformation. The present invention relates to a wood shape stable preservative and a processing method capable of simultaneously performing processing.

  In general, as the wood dries, the cells shrink and the whole wood also shrinks, generating tensile stress in the surface layer of the wood. Cracks are generated by this tensile stress, and the wood itself is also deformed by the cracks.

  As a shape-stabilizing method for preventing such dry cracking, shrinkage, and deformation of wood, for example, a method in which the present inventor is immersed in a mixed aqueous solution of maleic acid and glycerin disclosed in Patent Document 1 and heated with the heat of a dryer. (MG treatment), a method of replacing moisture in wood disclosed in Patent Document 2 with reducing sugars such as lactitol, trehalth, and allitol (sugar alcohol impregnation method), and further applying polyethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol methacrylate Or a method of replacing the moisture in the wood by impregnation. (For example, see Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, Patent Document 5, and Patent Document 6.) When this PEG treatment solution penetrates into the surface layer of wood, the cells in the penetration part maintain almost the same swelling rate as when moisture was contained even after the wood was dried, and as a result, local tensile stress caused by drying Becomes smaller and cracks are less likely to occur. In this case, the thicker the penetration layer of the PEG treatment liquid, the smaller the local tensile stress generated on the surface of the wood, and the smaller the degree of occurrence of cracks.

  Therefore, when a compressive load is applied to the wood immersed in the PEG treatment liquid with a press device or the like, the wood is deformed within the range in which the compressive stress is applied, and the liquid and gas in the wood existing in the deformed portion are uniform. Released outside the department. Then, after removing the load, if the PEG treatment liquid is kept in the immersed state, the shape of the part that has been deformed during this time is almost restored to its original state. However, it has been reported that wood treating agents based on polyethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol methacrylate may corrode or gel (solidify) by reacting with iron in wood or iron in processing equipment. Yes.

On the other hand, a method has been proposed in which a liquid boron compound containing boric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ ) and borax (Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ · 10H ₂ O) is used for fire prevention, fire resistance and incombustibility of wood (patent) Reference 7). Moreover, the wood surface treating agent which uses a borate as an active ingredient and prevents decay and insect damage is proposed (refer patent document 8). For example, a composition in which 25% or more borate in terms of boron oxide (B ₂ O ₃ ) is dissolved in ethylene glycol has excellent performance as a wood preservative (see Patent Document 9). Moreover, the composition which consists of polyalkylene glycol 4-23%, alkylene glycol 20-50%, and glycol soluble borate is said to be excellent as a wood preservative (refer patent document 10). These compositions are applied or spread on the wood surface as they are or after adding water to adjust the boron concentration and the solution viscosity.

JP 2002-113705 A Japanese Patent No. 3443463 JP-A-6-234103 JP-A-9-254106 JP 2011-224838 A Japanese Patent No. 3026208 JP 2006-219329 A JP 2006-315379 A USP 4,610,881 USP 5,104,664

  In addition, in the chemical | medical agent used for the above wood treatments, the additive used in this kind of field as needed in the range which does not have a bad influence on the performance of main ingredients, such as a polyhydric alcohol, an auxiliary agent, Coloring agents, preservatives, insecticides and the like can be used. For example, a weather resistance can be improved by blending a zirconium salt emulsion, a polyethylene emulsion, or a silicon emulsion as a water resistance / material strength deterioration preventing agent. Moreover, a polyethylene glycol and glycerin can be mix | blended as a moisturizer and a material strength deterioration inhibitor, and strength-resistant deterioration performance can be provided.

However, for example, the conventional PEG treatment or sugar alcohol impregnation treatment requires an immersion time of several tens of days. In addition, since PEG 1000 having a molecular weight of 1000, which is often used for PEG treatment, is solidified at room temperature, it requires heating for dissolution, is difficult to handle, and has not been put into practical use. Furthermore, since the wood immersed in the MG treatment aqueous solution must be heated at a high temperature, special equipment is required and expensive treatment costs are required. Moreover, since the said processing method uses water, there existed a problem that mold | fungi generate | occur | produce in the wood after a process.
In view of the above-described problems of the conventional technology, the present invention provides a wood shape stabilizing agent and a wood treatment method that can prevent mold generation after wood shape stabilization and can be economically and easily treated. With the goal.

  Therefore, the wood shape stabilizing agent of the present invention is hydrophilic, has a high filling effect (permeability) on wood cells, and is at least one kind of polyhydric alcohol that easily causes solvent substitution, or has different hydrophilicity and permeability. The first feature is that a fungicide component is added to a polyhydric alcohol aqueous solution in which plural types of polyhydric alcohols are mixed and dissolved. In addition, the wood shape stable preservative has a second feature that boric acid is added thereto. Furthermore, the wood shape stabilization treatment method and the preservation treatment method of the present invention have a third feature that the wood shape stabilization treatment agent and the preservation treatment agent are applied, impregnated, or injected into water-containing wood or cracked wood. The fourth feature is to wrap the treated wood with a wrapping material such as stretch film or vinyl and diffuse it.

The advantages of polyhydric alcohol treatment
(1) High dimensional stability can be obtained.
(2) When the polyhydric alcohol content is 30% or less, there is little decrease in strength.
(3) Less discoloration.
In addition, it is non-toxic and can be said to be a treatment friendly to the environment and organisms.
Since polyhydric alcohol has almost no oral toxicity and low irritation to the skin and eyes, it is also used in the fields of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals and food. Polyhydric alcohol aqueous solutions are said to undergo biodegradation relatively easily by certain microorganisms.

  In order to efficiently diffuse polyhydric alcohol or infiltrate the polyhydric alcohol aqueous solution into the wood, a diffusion method in which the wood immediately after treatment is covered with a sheet, etc., and a solvent replacement method in which the wood is immersed in the treatment solution for several days, treatment The hot and cold bath method, in which the temperature of the treatment liquid is raised and cooled naturally to impregnate the treatment liquid, is an impregnation and infiltration method that does not require sophisticated equipment. In addition, it is effective to adopt appropriate processing conditions and processing methods such as adopting a forced pressurizing injection method using a pressurization and decompression device. If the treatment time is short and the penetration and diffusion are inadequate, even if the polyhydric alcohol content is high on the surface, especially in the vicinity of the end of the mouth, a sufficient amount of polyhydric alcohol is not contained in the interior, and the treatment is good. There is no effect.

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
(1) An antifungal and insect repellent effect is obtained.
(2) The crack of wood can be recovered.
(3) By wrapping, processing can be performed safely, easily and at low cost.
(4) The longer the processing time, the better the stability. Therefore, it is possible to perform diffusion processing using the distribution waiting time by storing the wrapping. In addition, outdoor storage can be performed with a seat hook without being stored in a warehouse or the like.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
In a heating container, 40 g of boric acid and borax in the same amount are added to 100 g of water (100 water, 40 boric acid, 40 borax), and this is heated and completely dissolved. Add ingredients. The ratio is added to a solution having a boric acid concentration of 10% or more and a polyhydric alcohol concentration of 10% or more so that the component of the fungicide is about 100 to 150 times.

Borate used in the present invention is generally referred oxyacid of boron and its salts, especially disodium octaborate tetrahydrate: a _{(Na 2 B 8 O 13 ·} 4H 2 O DOT). Further, a mixture in which boric acid and borax are mixed at a molar ratio of about 4: 1 may be regarded as the same as DOT in an aqueous solution. Therefore, since it is the same as an aqueous solution of a mixture of 4 mol of orthoboric acid (H3BO3) and 1 mol of borax (NaB ₄ O ₇ ), in the present invention, a borate borax mixture having a molar ratio of 4: 1 is used instead of DOT. Was used.

  The polyhydric alcohol referred to in the present invention is an alcohol having two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule, such as ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, methyl cellosobre, 1,4-butanediol, etc. In addition, those having high permeability into wood and easily causing solvent substitution are suitable.

The wood stabilizing agent of the present invention can be produced by putting a calculated amount of borate, water, polyhydric alcohol and antifungal agent in a heat-resistant container and heating it with stirring to make a uniform solution.
In addition, a predetermined amount of polyhydric alcohol and antifungal agent may be added to an aqueous solution of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate prepared in advance.

As a preparation method with high practical value, an appropriate amount of water is added to a mixture of an appropriate amount of boric acid, borax, polyhydric alcohol, and an antifungal agent, and the mixture is heated with stirring to obtain a uniform solution, followed by stirring. Just keep cooling.
Example 1
100 g of water, 22 g of boric acid, and 26 g of borax were placed in a beaker and heated with an electric heater to completely dissolve it, thereby obtaining an about 32% boric acid aqueous solution. A wood treatment solution was prepared by adding 45 g of polyhydric alcohol to the obtained boric acid aqueous solution and adding about 33% polyhydric alcohol (diluted 250 times). As a result, a wood treatment aqueous solution in which an antifungal component diluted about 250 times is added to a mixed solution having a boric acid concentration of 22% and a polyhydric alcohol concentration of 33% is completed.
(Example 2)
To 100 g of water, 25 g of boric acid and 25 g of borax are added and heated at 70 to 90 ° C. to completely dissolve. Or (100 g of water, 50 g of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate). This is completely dissolved, and the polyhydric alcohol and the fungicide component are added to this solution so as to be diluted 100 to 500 times, preferably 250 to 300 times the stock solution.
[Boiled maturation experiment]
The wood-treated aqueous solution obtained in the above examples was thinly cut into a 120 cm square cored cypress material to a thickness of about 5 mm, and the sample was put into a specimen and boiled. The specimen that was not boiled had a plurality of cracks after drying, but the boiled specimen had no cracks after drying.

  In particular, when cracked wood is put into the wood treatment solution and boiled, the wood will be hydrated and cracking will be recovered. Next, when the solution is naturally cooled in the treatment liquid and returned to room temperature, solvent impregnation occurs, and the shape is stabilized while the wood cracks are closed. This is considered to be because the treatment liquid permeates into the expanded cells in the process of cooling and expanding the pressure of the wood cells by heating. Therefore, the desired effect can also be obtained by immersing the wood using only water and then immersing it in a normal wood stabilization solution.

  In this example, the wood fungicide Millcut-88A (trade name: manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) was used as the fungicide. This fungicide is a light brown transparent liquid composed of a mixture of an organic nitrogen fluidizing compound, an iodine-based organic compound, a low-viscosity high-boiling solvent, polyoxyethylene-noniferni-ether, and a surfactant. It is used by immersing wood in a 300-fold diluted water tank.

  As described above, the present invention provides an aqueous treatment liquid obtained by adding a fungicide to a mixture of one kind of polyhydric alcohols or a mixture of different kinds of polyhydric alcohols, and diluting the mixed liquid with water according to the purpose. A method of making and treating wood by attaching it to the surface of wood in a moisture state (moisture content of 10% or more). Alternatively, the gist of the method is to impregnate the wood by impregnating the wood with hot and cold impregnation with the aqueous treatment liquid, soaking for a long time, or injecting the aqueous treatment liquid under pressure.

  In addition, a method in which the wood treated with the above treatment liquid is covered with a stretch film or vinyl and wrapped, and the treatment liquid is injected under normal pressure over a period of time (one day or more). A method in which boric acid is added to the treatment liquid and the wood is treated with this boric acid mixture. (A 30% boric acid aqueous solution is made and diluted with polyhydric alcohol to make a boric acid concentration of 21% and a polyhydric alcohol concentration of 33%.) The wood treated with this boric acid mixed solution is made of stretch film, vinyl, etc. The gist is a diffusion penetrating method in which wrapping is performed with wrapping material, and the treatment liquid is injected under normal pressure over a period of time (one day or more) to treat the wood with antiseptic and ant-proofing effects.

  Then, the wood that has been severely cracked in the drying process or the wood that has been severely dried in the natural drying process is heated, cooled, pressurized, immersed in water for a long time, or diffused and penetrated in the treatment liquid. The gist of the method is to restore the shape of the wood by impregnating it with the cracked wood to return it to the state before cracking.

  In particular, when wood that has been cracked in a water-soluble treatment liquid is heated to boiling, the cracks are recovered by moisture, and then the solvent is impregnated by cooling in the treatment liquid. Alternatively, heated wood may be placed in an aqueous treatment solution and cooled in the treatment solution to be impregnated with the treatment solution. By heating, the pressure in the wood cells increases and the cells expand.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the cracking prevention technique of the wood surface by polyhydric alcohol is treated with an initial aqueous solution concentration (about 100% to 30% for spraying and coating, and 90% or less for immersion). Therefore, the occurrence of mold after treatment is also considered. Conventionally, no anti-mold measures have been taken. In particular, when a polyhydric alcohol treatment for the purpose of stabilizing the shape of wood or boric acid for the purpose of antiseptic and ant protection is diffused and permeated by wrapping, measures against mold are essential.

  In such wood treatment, the higher the moisture content of wood, the higher the treatment effect. (Without moisture, osmotic pressure phenomenon and solvent substitution do not occur.) The higher the temperature, the higher the concentration of the treatment liquid, and the longer the contact time of the treatment liquid, the more effective. (It is necessary to ensure that the processing solution is immersed in the wood. Diffusion, injection, impregnation, dipping, absorption, substitution, penetration). Application or spraying may be used, but the method of dipping in the liquid layer is simple.

  The longer the immersion treatment time, the more effective. (Lapping is used to keep the water immersed, and lapping does not require long-time immersion.)

"Conventional technology of boric acid treatment"
(1) A borate borax compound having a molar ratio of 4: 1 is substituted for disodium octaborate tetrahydrate.
(2) 4 parts of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1 to 2 parts of glycerin, 3 to 10 parts of alkylene glycol, and 1% by weight or less of sugar alcohol.
(3) 15% or more and 25% or less of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 1% or more and 20% or less of alkylene glycol, 1% or less of sugar alcohol containing 55% or more and 85% or less of water.
(4) A composition obtained by dissolving 25% or more borate in ethylene glycol in terms of boron oxide (B ₂ O ₃ ).
(5) A composition comprising 4 to 23% polyalkylene glycol, 20 to 50% alkylene glycol and a glycol-soluble borate.
(6) Boric acid 40%, amines 40%, water 20% boric acid high concentration solution.
(7) An aqueous solution of 35 g or more of boric acid / 40 g or more of borax is dissolved in 100 g of water, and 32 g of boric acid or 37 g of borax is dissolved in 100 g of water in warm water of 70 ° C. or more.

  As conventionally known, when only water is added to boric acid and heated to dissolve and cooled, boric acid corresponding to the difference in solubility cannot be completely dissolved but is precipitated (recrystallized). For example, even if 20 g of borax is added to 100 g of water and heated to 100 ° C. and completely dissolved, if cooled to 20 ° C., the solubility at 20 ° C. is 4.90, so 15.1 g of borax is It will be deposited. The same applies to borax. Even if a large amount of borax is dissolved by heating, if it is cooled to room temperature, only the amount corresponding to the solubility at room temperature will be dissolved. ).

  For example, when 25 g of borax was added to 100 g of water and heated, it was completely dissolved at 70 ° C. Then, when it cooled at 20 degreeC, it became transparent aqueous solution and the deposit was not seen at all. This aqueous solution is 3.48 kg in terms of boron and 23% by weight in terms of solid content, and is an aqueous solution having a concentration that could not exist stably at room temperature. The aqueous solution had a pH of 6.95 and a specific gravity of 1.13.

  For example, 50 g of boric acid and 70 g of borax are added to 100 g of water, heated to 70 ° C. or higher, cooled to room temperature, and then filtered to separate the undissolved residue. Can be obtained. The obtained filtrate (supernatant) was evaporated to dryness to obtain 30% by weight of a solid. Moreover, the dissolution amount obtained by subtracting the undissolved amount recovered on the filter paper was about 32 g of boric acid and about 37 g of borax, which was almost equal to the amount that can be dissolved by the above-described complete dissolution method. Thus, even if boric acid and borax are added excessively on the assumption that undissolved residue is generated, an aqueous solution of a boron compound containing a solid content of about 30% by weight can be prepared.

Therefore, with respect to 100 parts of water, the X part of boric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ ) and the Y part of borax ((NaB ₄ O ₇ ) (where X <35, Y <40, 0 <X <Y + 5) Is added, dissolved by heating, and then cooled to room temperature, whereby a boron compound aqueous solution that is stable at room temperature can be obtained.

In order to receive non-combustibility certification based on the Building Standard Law, it is necessary to pass either a non-flammability test or a combustion test. The non-flammability test is a test to check the weight reduction rate by holding a cylindrical piece of wood with a diameter of 40 mm and a height of 55 mm in an electric furnace at 750 ° C. for 20 minutes. The weight reduction rate is 30% or less. Is a necessary condition.
In this example, a nonflammability test was performed using wood impregnated with the treatment liquid of the present invention. When the wood pieces were inserted into an electric furnace previously maintained at 750 ° C., all the wood pieces were in a red-hot state, but the temperature rise of the electric furnace after insertion remained within 12 ° C. After 20 minutes, the wood piece taken out from the electric furnace and allowed to cool was a black charcoal solid, maintaining the shape of the wood piece. The weight loss rate was 26% matured material. Therefore, the criteria for the nonflammability test were satisfied.

Claims (4)

A fungicidal component is added to a polyhydric alcohol aqueous solution in which at least one polyhydric alcohol having high hydrophilicity and permeability and easily causing solvent substitution is mixed and dissolved in water. Wood shape stabilizer. Adds fungicidal ingredients and boric acid to a polyhydric alcohol aqueous solution in which at least one polyhydric alcohol with high hydrophilicity and permeability and easily undergoes solvent substitution is mixed and dissolved in water. A wood shape stable preservative agent characterized by that. A wood shape stabilization method and storage comprising applying, impregnating or injecting the wood shape stabilizing treatment agent according to claim 1 or the wood shape stability preserving treatment agent according to claim 2 to water-containing wood or cracked wood. Processing method. 4. The wood shape stabilization processing method and the preservation processing method according to claim 3, wherein the treated wood is wrapped with a lapping material.