JP2016070053A - Breakwater structure using iron material tetra pod - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a breakwater structure making use of iron material tetra pods, which can be easily manufactured, handled, and constructed as well as reduce a manufacturing prime cost and construction cost.SOLUTION: A breakwater structure 100 makes use of iron material tetra pods and comprises: lower tetra pods 110 placed at sea bottom, which have many iron material columns connected with each other and a water conduction hole formed on each iron material column to allow sea water to flow inside the iron material column; intermediate tetra pods 120 placed on the lower tetra pods 110, which are inundated under the sea-level surface or exposed above the sea-level surface depending on the tidewater and have many iron material columns connected with each other and a water injecting hole formed on one iron material column to allow the water to be injected inside each iron material column; upper tetra pods 130 placed on the intermediate tetra pods 120, which always remain exposed above the sea-level surface and have many iron material columns connected with each other and a water injecting hole formed on one iron material column to allow the water to be injected inside each iron material column.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a wave-breaking structure provided on a coast, and more particularly to a wave-breaking structure using an iron tetrapod that is excellent in manufacturing and mobility, durability, and reusability.

In general, a coastal structure is often constructed on the coast to prevent damage caused by waves. Among the above-mentioned wave-proof structures, Tetrapod, which is mainly used, is a deformed concrete block developed in 1949 by Neyrpic, France.

In general, the tetrapod has four rectangular legs and is used for a breakwater and a revetment for wave extinction and plays a role in weakening wave energy.
The characteristics of the tetrapod are as follows.

First, since it is made of unreinforced concrete and the surface is composed of a phase, the wave pressure, the wave launch height and the reflected wave can be reduced.
The blocks can be fitted to each other and can be safely installed on steep slopes or slopes, resulting in an economical end face.

Moreover, since the center position of a block is low and stability is favorable, weight can be reduced compared with a concrete block.
Because of these advantages, tetrapods are used in most breakwater works.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a transition process of a concrete tetrapod.
Although the shape of FIG. 1A was improved to the shape of FIG. 1B to increase the roughness and porosity, there was a disadvantage that the block was easily damaged.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1C, an appropriate length of the prism was obtained, and the size and curvature were further added so that the joint portion was solid and stress was not concentrated in the center.

In addition, it has developed into a shape that is excellent in terms of mathematics and strength by adjusting the corners so that the tip of the prism does not break during construction.
It has been 70 years since the tetrapod was first made, and it has been used as a marine wave-dissipating structure in various countries around the world and has proved its superiority.

The following Patent Document 1 discloses a tetrapod that is provided in a stack so as to reduce the wave force provided toward the outer port of a dike or breakwater. In the tetrapod of Patent Document 1, a binding string member is provided in an inner region of each trunk projecting in a different direction from the center, and the binding string members that are close to each other or in contact with each other in a region where each trunk crawls are connected. Rings are coupled to each other, and the binding string members are connected to each other by connection rings.

Patent Document 2 below discloses a tetrapod of a breakwater breakwater.
In order to increase the load per volume of tetra, the tetrapod of the revetment breakwater of Patent Document 2 is formed only by using existing concrete by forming a tetrapod with iron ore having a higher specific gravity than concrete. To increase the load per volume compared to the tetrapods that are constructed, and to stabilize the installed position without being affected by the flow or waves of seawater after installation, to prevent unauthorized position fluctuations and loss Can do. Thereby, a wave-proof function can be improved.
Patent Document 3 below discloses a water purification device using a tetrapod.
The tetrapod disclosed in Patent Document 3 is characterized in that it is formed in a hollow shape where fish can live inside, and the amount of concrete used is reduced.

Korean Published Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0100880 Korean Published Patent Publication No. 10-2002-0023778 Korean Published Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0018532

However, the wave-breaking structure using the conventional concrete tetrapod including Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3 is not only very troublesome for the production of the concrete tetrapod, but also it is heavy and difficult to transport and construct. was there.
In addition, in the case of wave-breaking structures using conventional concrete tetrapods, the strength of the concrete tetrapods is weak and not only increases the risk of breakage due to external impact during transportation and construction processes, but also hits each other by ocean currents and waves The risk of damage in the process increases.

In addition, conventional wave-proof structures using concrete tetrapods release harmful substances such as cement limestone, which is the main component of concrete tetrapods, after construction, thus adversely affecting the vegetation of marine organisms. There was a problem of polluting.
Moreover, the conventional wave-proof structure using the concrete tetrapod has a problem that the concrete tetrapod cannot be reused.
The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to facilitate the production, handling, and construction of the tetrapod, and the production cost and construction cost of the tetrapod. Providing a wave-breaking structure using an iron tetrapod that can save energy

Another object of the present invention is to use an iron tetrapod that can prevent damage to the tetrapod due to external impacts and waves during handling and use, and can more stably reduce the wave pressure over a long period of time. Provide a wave-proof structure.

In order to achieve the above-described object, a wave-breaking structure using an iron tetrapod according to the present invention is provided on the sea floor and has a number of iron pillars connected to each other, and seawater is formed inside each iron pillar. A lower tetrapod in which a water flow hole is formed, and an upper part of the lower tetrapod, which is immersed under the seawater surface or exposed on the seawater surface according to tidal water and connected to each other An intermediate tetrapod having a number of iron pillars and water injection holes into which one steel pillar can inject water into each iron pillar, and an upper part of the intermediate tetrapod and always being seawater An upper part having a number of steel pillars that are exposed on the surface and connected to each other, and in which one water pillar has water injection holes that can inject water into each steel pillar. And a tetrapod.

The wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention is a form in which the lower tetrapod is joined to an upper vertical iron pillar, a lower vertical iron pillar, and three central horizontal iron pillars arranged at 120 °. The intermediate tetrapod is an upper vertical iron column, a lower vertical iron column, and three central horizontal iron columns arranged at 120 °, and the upper tetrapod is connected to the lower vertical iron column at 120 °. The three central horizontal steel pillars arranged in the shape of are joined together.

The wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention is characterized in that water holes are formed in the outer periphery and the outer end of each iron column of the lower tetrapod.

In the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, a water injection hole capable of filling water in each iron pillar is formed in any one of the iron pillars of the intermediate tetrapod, The water injection hole is sealed through a plate-shaped lid after water is injected into the intermediate tetrapod.

In the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, a water injection hole capable of filling water in each iron pillar is formed in any one of the iron pillars of the upper tetrapod, The water injection hole is sealed through a plate-shaped lid after water is injected into the upper tetrapod.

The wave-proof structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention is characterized in that each iron column of each tetrapod has a columnar shape having the same diameter on the joining side and the outer diameter.

The wavebreak structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention is characterized in that each iron column of each tetrapod has a conical shape whose outer diameter is smaller than the diameter on the joining side.

According to the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, each tetrapod can be easily manufactured using a steel pipe and a steel plate, so that manufacture of a part is facilitated.
Moreover, according to the wave-proof structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, the construction cost can be greatly reduced by facilitating transportation and construction of each tetrapod produced in the hollow body.

In addition, according to the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, it is possible to fill each tetrapod with seawater or water in the process of construction and secure a sufficient weight, so that it is stable against ocean currents and waves. Can be countered.

In addition, according to the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, the weight of each tetrapod before construction is light and the strength is strong, so cracks caused by external impacts during transportation and other handling processes The risk of damage is reduced.

Moreover, according to the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, since there is no crack, breakage or deformation due to ocean currents and waves after construction, waves can be reduced more stably over a long period of time.

In addition, according to the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, since no harmful substances are released from each tetrapod after construction, there is no adverse effect on the vegetation of marine organisms, thus protecting the marine environment. can do.

Moreover, according to the wave-proof structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention, each used tetrapod can be recovered from the sea and reused for other purposes.

It is the figure which showed the transition process of a concrete tetrapod. It is the installation state figure of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the lower tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view which cut a part of lower tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the intermediate tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view which cut a part of middle tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the upper tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view which cut a part of upper tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on preferable embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the lower tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the intermediate tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the upper tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this specification, 'upward', 'downward', 'frontward', 'backward' and other directional terms are defined based on the state shown in the drawings. FIG. 2 is an installation state diagram of a wave-breaking structure using an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

A wave-breaking structure 100 using an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a lower tetrapod 110, an intermediate tetrapod 120, and an upper tetrapod 130. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lower tetrapod of a wave preventing structure using an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 utilizes an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is the perspective view which cut a part of lower tetrapod of a wave-proof structure.

The lower tetrapod 110 is provided on the seabed and always maintains a flooded state. The lower tetrapod 110 is formed by joining an upper vertical iron pillar 111, a lower vertical iron pillar 112, and three central horizontal iron pillars 113 arranged at 120 °.
The outer ends of the iron pillars (111, 112, 113) of the lower tetrapod 110 are sealed, and the connection side ends are opened.

Through holes 114 are formed in the outer and outer ends of the iron pillars (111, 112, 113) of the lower tetrapod 110, whereby each iron pillar is inserted through the water holes 114 when being introduced into the seabed. (111, 112, 113) is filled with seawater.
Many of the lower tetrapods 110 are provided in an inclined direction, and are arranged in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, and are stacked in the vertical direction at the same time.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an intermediate tetrapod of a wave preventing structure using an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 utilizes an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is the perspective view which cut a part of middle tetrapod of a wave-proof structure. The intermediate tetrapod 120 is provided on an upper part of the lower tetrapod 110 stacked on the seabed at a certain height, and is immersed under the seawater surface or exposed on the seawater surface according to tidal water. . Similar to the lower tetrapod 110, the intermediate tetrapod 120 has an upper vertical iron column 121, a lower vertical iron column 122, and three central horizontal iron columns 123 arranged at 120 °.

The outer ends of the iron pillars (121, 122, 123) of the intermediate tetrapod 120 are sealed. At the outer end of the upper vertical iron column 121 of the intermediate tetrapod 120, a water injection hole 124 capable of filling water into each iron column (121, 122, 123) is formed. The water injection hole 124 is sealed through a plate-like lid 125 after water is injected into the intermediate tetrapod 120. A number of the intermediate tetrapods 110 are provided in an inclined direction, like the lower tetrapod 120 described above, and are arranged in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction and are stacked in the vertical direction at the same time.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an upper tetrapod of a wave preventing structure using an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 utilizes an iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is the perspective view which cut a part of upper tera pod of a wave-proof structure. The upper tetrapod 130 is provided on the upper portion of the intermediate tetrapod 120 stacked at a certain height on the upper portion of the lower tetrapod 110, and always maintains a state where it is exposed on the seawater surface. Unlike the above-described lower tetrapod 110 and intermediate tetrapod 120, the upper tetrapod 130 has no upper vertical iron pillar, and the lower vertical iron pillar 132 and three central horizontal iron pillars 133 arranged at 120 ° are joined. It is a form.

The outer ends of the iron pillars (132, 133) of the upper tetrapod 130 are sealed, and the connection side ends are opened. At one outer end of the central horizontal iron pillar 132 of the upper tetrapod 130, a water injection hole 134 capable of filling water into each iron pillar (132, 133) is formed. The water injection hole 134 is sealed through a plate-shaped lid 135 after water is injected into the upper tetrapod 130.

In the upper tetrapod 130, a lower vertical iron column 132 is inserted into a gap between each iron column (121, 122, 123) of the intermediate tetrapod 130, and a central horizontal iron column 133 is each iron column ( 121, 122, 123).

The wave-breaking structure 100 using the iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention reduces the waves at the seabed and sea level via the lower tetrapod 110 at the time of low tide when the seawater level is the lowest. To do. In addition, at high tide when the seawater level is the highest, the waves at the sea floor are reduced through the lower tetrapod 110, and the waves at the sea level are reduced through the intermediate tetrapod 120 filled with water inside. To do.

The upper tetrapod 130 filled with water can pressurize the intermediate tetrapod 120 and the lower tetrapod 120 so that the entire wave-breaking structure can stably reduce the waves without changing the position. On the other hand, the lower tetrapod 110, the intermediate tetrapod 120, and the upper tetrapod 130 of the wave-breaking structure 100 using the iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention are easily produced by cutting and welding a steel pipe and a steel plate. can do.

In the process of manufacturing each tetrapod (110, 120, 130), the inner and outer surfaces of the lower tetrapod 110, the outer surface of the intermediate tetrapod 120, and the outer surface of the upper tetrapod 130 that are in contact with seawater are seawater. It is preferable to apply an anticorrosion paint so as to prevent corrosion due to corrosion.

The lower tetrapod 110, the intermediate tetrapod 120, and the upper tetrapod 130 of the wave-breaking structure 100 using the iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention are formed in a hollow shape and become relatively light before construction. Therefore, transportation and handling become extremely easy. Further, in the construction process, the lower tetrapod 110 is filled with seawater, and the middle tetrapod 120 and the upper tetrapod 130 are filled with water. As a result, a feeling of weight equal to or higher than that of an existing concrete tetrapod can be secured, so that it is possible to stably cope with waves.

Since the lower tetrapod 110, the intermediate tetrapod 120, and the upper tetrapod 130 of the wave-breaking structure 100 using the iron tetrapod according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention are made of a hollow iron material, the weight is light and the strength is high. Become stronger. Therefore, there is less risk of cracks and breakage due to external impacts during transportation and other handling processes prior to construction. Moreover, since there are no cracks, breakage, or deformation due to waves after construction, waves can be more stably reduced over a long period of time.

As described above, the invention made by the present inventor has been described in detail according to the embodiment. However, the invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Needless to say.

For example, each tetrapod of the wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention is not a cylindrical shape in which the joint-side diameter and the outer diameter are the same, but a cone having a smaller outer diameter than the joint-side diameter. Can be implemented in the shape of

A conical tetrapod is disclosed in FIGS. On the other hand, the form and the number of iron pillars of each tetrapod of the wave-proof structure using the iron tetrapod according to the present invention can be modified within a predictable range. Further, the shape, position, and number of the water holes 114 of the lower tetrapod 110, the water injection holes 124 of the intermediate tetrapod 120, and the water injection holes 134 of the upper tetrapod 130 can be modified within a predictable range. . For example, the water injection hole 124 of the intermediate tetrapod 120 and the water injection hole 134 of the upper tetrapod 130 can be formed on the outer periphery of the central horizontal iron column so that water can be easily injected.

100: Wave-proof structure 110: Lower tetrapod 111, 112, 113: Iron pillar 114: Water flow hole 120: Middle tetrapod 121, 122, 123: Iron pillar 124: Water injection hole 130: Upper tetrapod 132, 133 : Iron pillar 134: Water injection hole

Claims (7)

A lower tetrapod having a large number of iron pillars provided on the seabed and connected to each other, each of the iron pillars having a water passage through which seawater flows;
There are a number of iron pillars that are provided on the lower tetrapod and are submerged under the seawater surface or exposed on the seawater surface according to tidal water, and are connected to each other. An intermediate tetrapod having a water injection hole into which water can be injected, and
It is installed on the upper part of the intermediate tetrapod and maintains a state where it is always exposed on the seawater surface. It has many steel pillars connected to each other, and water is injected into each steel pillar into one steel pillar. And a top tetrapod having a water injection hole formed therein, and a wave-proof structure using an iron tetrapod. The lower tetrapod is a form in which an upper vertical iron pillar, a lower vertical iron pillar, and three central horizontal iron pillars arranged at 120 ° are joined,
The intermediate tetrapod is a form in which an upper vertical iron pillar, a lower vertical iron pillar, and three central horizontal iron pillars arranged at 120 ° are joined,
The wave breakage using the iron tetrapod according to claim 1, wherein the upper tetrapod is formed by joining a lower vertical iron pillar and three central horizontal iron pillars arranged at 120 °. Structure. The wave-breaking structure using the iron material tetrapod according to claim 2, wherein water holes are formed in an outer periphery and an outer end of each iron material column of the lower tetrapod. A water injection hole capable of filling water in each iron pillar is formed in any one of the iron pillars of the intermediate tetrapod,
The said water injection hole is sealed through a plate-shaped lid | cover after inject | pouring water into the inside of an intermediate tetrapod, The wave-proof structure using the iron-material tetrapod of Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. A water injection hole capable of filling water inside each iron pillar is formed in any one of the iron pillars of the upper tetrapod,
The wave-proof structure using the iron tetrapod according to claim 2, wherein the water injection hole is sealed through a plate-shaped lid after water is injected into the upper tetrapod. 2. The wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to claim 1, wherein each iron column of each tetrapod has a columnar shape having the same diameter on the joint side and the outer diameter. 2. The wave-breaking structure using the iron tetrapod according to claim 1, wherein each iron column of each tetrapod has a conical shape whose outer diameter is smaller than the diameter on the joining side.