JP2016069569A - Waste or reclaimed oil processing method and apparatus, as well as waste processing furnace operation method - Google Patents

Waste or reclaimed oil processing method and apparatus, as well as waste processing furnace operation method Download PDF

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JP2016069569A
JP2016069569A JP2014202046A JP2014202046A JP2016069569A JP 2016069569 A JP2016069569 A JP 2016069569A JP 2014202046 A JP2014202046 A JP 2014202046A JP 2014202046 A JP2014202046 A JP 2014202046A JP 2016069569 A JP2016069569 A JP 2016069569A
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oil
waste
emulsion fuel
reclaimed
water
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JP6267091B2 (en
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光一 中島
Koichi Nakashima
光一 中島
鈴木 義昭
Yoshiaki Suzuki
義昭 鈴木
永戸 敏博
Toshihiro Nagato
敏博 永戸
伊藤 禎保
Teiho Ito
禎保 伊藤
優毅 平松
Masatake Hiramatsu
優毅 平松
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JX Nippon Mining and Metals Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide, in using a waste oil or reclaimed oil containing a water as a fuel for a furnace, a waste or reclaimed oil processing method and apparatus in which the fuel consumption amount required for the operation of the furnace can be reduced by increasing the combustion efficiency, and contribute to the reduction in the operation cost of the furnace.SOLUTION: The inventive waste or reclaimed oil processing method is directed to a water-containing waste oil or reclaimed oil, and in which the water and oil contained in said water-containing waste or reclaimed oil are emulsified to make the water-containing waste or reclaimed oil into an emulsion fuel, and then the emulsion fuel is used as a fuel for a furnace.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

この発明は、所定の廃油または再生油を処理するための廃油または再生油の処理方法および処理装置ならびに、廃棄物処理炉の操業方法に関するものであり、特には、炉の操業に要する燃料の使用量を有効に削減することのできる技術を提案するものである。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a waste oil or reclaimed oil treatment method and treatment apparatus for treating predetermined waste oil or reclaimed oil, and a waste treatment furnace operating method, and in particular, the use of fuel required for furnace operation. A technique that can effectively reduce the amount is proposed.

内部で、たとえば、廃棄された電気・電子機器その他の金属製スクラップ等の焼却を行うロータリーキルン炉等に供給する燃料としては一般に、重油が用いられている。   In general, for example, heavy oil is used as a fuel to be supplied to a rotary kiln furnace or the like for incinerating discarded electric / electronic equipment and other metal scraps.

なおここで、近年は、環境保護等の観点から、たとえば特許文献1に示されるように、水と界面活性剤などの添加剤とを燃料油に添加し、これを機械的に撹拌することによって、油中に水を分散させたエマルジョン燃料を、ボイラー用の燃料として用いることが注目されている。   In recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental protection, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, water and an additive such as a surfactant are added to fuel oil and mechanically agitated. Attention has been focused on the use of emulsion fuel in which water is dispersed in oil as boiler fuel.

このエマルジョン燃料は、水と油との乳化によって、水粒子の周囲を油粒子が取り囲む構造をなすものであり、燃焼に際しては、まず水を取り囲む油が燃焼し、そして油内の水が急激に沸騰・膨張することにより油が微粒子化し、それにより、空気との接触面積が飛躍的に増加して、理論空気量に近い空気量で完全燃焼することから燃焼効率が向上する。
しかもここでは、燃焼に要する空気が少なくなるので、冷たい空気の流入によって奪われる熱エネルギーを削減できるとともに、燃焼後の排ガス量が削減されることに起因する排熱量の削減により、使用燃料油の削減効果をも期待することができる。
This emulsion fuel has a structure in which oil particles surround the water particles by emulsification of water and oil. In combustion, the oil surrounding the water is first burned, and the water in the oil rapidly The oil becomes fine particles by boiling and expanding, and thereby the contact area with air is drastically increased, and the combustion efficiency is improved because complete combustion is performed with an air amount close to the theoretical air amount.
Moreover, since less air is required for combustion, the heat energy lost by the inflow of cold air can be reduced, and the amount of exhaust heat after combustion is reduced, resulting in a reduction in the amount of exhaust heat. A reduction effect can also be expected.

しかしながら、このようなエマルジョン燃料は、上記の効果と対比して、乳化に必要な添加剤に大きくコストが嵩むことが否めないので、通常の重油への水および添加剤の添加によって製造すると採算がとれず、それ故に、特に炉の操業に用いる燃料としては十分に実用化されるに至っていないのが現状である。   However, in contrast to the above effects, such an emulsion fuel cannot be denied that the additives required for emulsification are large and costly. Therefore, it is profitable to produce such emulsion fuel by adding water and additives to ordinary heavy oil. Therefore, the present situation is that the fuel has not yet been put to practical use particularly as a fuel for operation of the furnace.

特開2011−148866号公報JP 2011-148866 A

ところで、炉の燃料としては、使用済みの廃油をリサイクルするため、廃油または、廃油中の劣化生成物や混入異物を分離除去等して再生させた安価な再生油を用いることがあり、かかる廃油または再生油は、廃油それ自体に、または、廃油に対して所要の処理を施す過程で、比較的多くの水が混入している場合がある。なお、この再生油のうちの再生重油は、JIS K2170によれば、水分が5質量%以下のものと規定されている。
しかるに、このような水を含む廃油または再生油を、炉の燃料として用いるに当っては、それに含まれる水の量に応じて、予め水を取り除く必要があることから工数およびコストの増大を余儀なくされる。
By the way, in order to recycle used waste oil, furnace oil may be waste oil or cheap recycled oil that is regenerated by separating and removing deteriorated products and mixed foreign substances in the waste oil. Alternatively, the reclaimed oil may contain a relatively large amount of water in the waste oil itself or in the course of performing a required treatment on the waste oil. Of these recycled oils, recycled heavy oil is stipulated as having a water content of 5% by mass or less according to JIS K2170.
However, when using waste oil or recycled oil containing water as fuel for the furnace, it is necessary to remove the water in advance according to the amount of water contained in the furnace, and thus man-hours and costs must be increased. Is done.

またこの場合は、油中の水が、不安定な燃焼状態や、過剰燃焼空気による燃焼効率の悪化を引き起こす等の悪影響を及ぼし、それにより、失火や火力不足や排ガス異常の操業トラブルや燃料使用量の増大を招くことがある。   Also in this case, the water in the oil has adverse effects such as unstable combustion conditions and deterioration of combustion efficiency due to excessive combustion air, thereby causing misfires, lack of thermal power, exhaust gas abnormal operation troubles and fuel usage. May increase the amount.

この発明は、このような問題の下、特に炉の操業コストに着目してなされたものであり、それの目的とするところは、水を含む廃油または再生油を炉の燃料として用いるに当り、燃焼効率を高めて炉の操業に要する燃料使用量を減らし、炉の操業コストの低減に寄与することのできる廃油または再生油の処理方法および処理装置ならびに、廃棄物処理炉の操業方法を提供することにある。   Under such problems, the present invention has been made by paying particular attention to the operating cost of the furnace, and the object of the invention is to use waste oil or recycled oil containing water as fuel for the furnace. Provided is a method and apparatus for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil, which can contribute to reducing the operating cost of the furnace by increasing the combustion efficiency and reducing the amount of fuel used for the operation of the furnace, and the operating method of the waste treatment furnace There is.

発明者は、水を含む廃油または再生油を炉の燃料に用いる場合に、燃料使用量を削減することができないかどうかについて鋭意検討した結果、エマルジョン燃料の優れた燃焼効率に着目するとともに、水を含む廃油または再生油に、エマルジョン燃料を製造するために添加する必要のある水がそもそも含まれている点に着目した。
そして、エマルジョン燃料製造装置等を用いて、水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料とした後に、これを炉の燃料とすることにより、低廉な廃油または再生油を炉の操業に有効に用いることができることを見出した。
As a result of earnestly examining whether or not the amount of fuel used cannot be reduced when using waste oil or recycled oil containing water as fuel for the furnace, the inventor has paid attention to the excellent combustion efficiency of emulsion fuel, We focused on the point that water that needs to be added to produce emulsion fuel is originally included in waste oil or recycled oil containing.
Then, after using waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water as emulsion fuel using an emulsion fuel production device, etc., by using this as fuel for the furnace, inexpensive waste oil or reclaimed oil can be used effectively for the operation of the furnace. I found out that I can.

このような知見に基づき、この発明の廃油または再生油の処理方法は、廃油または再生油を処理する方法であって、水を含む廃油または再生油を対象とし、該水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水と油を乳化させることにより、前記水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料とし、その後、該エマルジョン燃料を炉の燃料として用いることにある。   Based on such knowledge, the method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil of the present invention is a method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil, which is intended for waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water, and waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water. The waste oil or the regenerated oil containing water is used as an emulsion fuel by emulsifying water and oil contained in the water, and then the emulsion fuel is used as fuel for a furnace.

ここで好ましくは、前記水を含む廃油または再生油の乳化直前に含まれる水分の量を、3質量%〜25質量%とする。ここでいう「乳化直前に含まれる水分の量」とは、エマルジョン燃料製造装置等に供給可能な状態における、水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水分の量を意味する。   Preferably, the amount of water contained immediately before emulsification of the waste oil or regenerated oil containing water is 3% by mass to 25% by mass. The “amount of water contained just before emulsification” here means the amount of water contained in waste oil or recycled oil containing water in a state where it can be supplied to an emulsion fuel production apparatus or the like.

また好ましくは、前記廃油または再生油が、灯油、重油、潤滑油または絶縁油である。
そしてまた、処理の対象とする前記水を含む廃油または再生油が、界面活性剤または乳化剤を含むものとすることが好ましい。
Preferably, the waste oil or recycled oil is kerosene, heavy oil, lubricating oil or insulating oil.
Moreover, it is preferable that the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water to be treated contains a surfactant or an emulsifier.

また、この発明の廃油または再生油の処理方法では、水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水の量に応じて、前記水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料とした後に該エマルジョン燃料を炉に供給するか、または、前記水を含む廃油または再生油を直接的に炉に供給するかについて選択できるようにすることが好ましい。
なお、この処理方法では、前記水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料とした後、該エマルジョン燃料を、炉の燃料として用いるに先立って、一定期間にわたって貯留させることができる。
Further, in the method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil according to the present invention, the waste oil containing water or reclaimed oil is used as an emulsion fuel according to the amount of water contained in the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water. It is preferable to be able to select whether to supply the waste oil or recycled oil containing water directly to the furnace.
In this treatment method, after the waste oil or regenerated oil containing water is used as an emulsion fuel, the emulsion fuel can be stored for a certain period of time before being used as a furnace fuel.

また、この発明の廃油または再生油の処理装置は、廃油または再生油を処理する装置であって、水を含む廃油または再生油を貯留させる廃油・再生油貯留タンクと、管路により前記廃油・再生油貯留タンクに連結されて、該廃油・再生油貯留タンクから送られる前記水を含む廃油または再生油からエマルジョン燃料を製造するエマルジョン燃料製造装置と、管路により前記エマルジョン燃料製造装置に連結されて、前記エマルジョン燃料製造装置で製造されたエマルジョン燃料を貯留させるエマルジョン燃料貯留タンクと、エマルジョン燃料貯留タンク内のエマルジョン燃料を炉に送る燃料供給管路とを備えるものである。   The waste oil or reclaimed oil processing device of the present invention is a device for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil, a waste oil / recycled oil storage tank for storing waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water, and a pipe line for the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank. An emulsion fuel manufacturing apparatus that is connected to a reclaimed oil storage tank and produces emulsion fuel from waste oil or regenerated oil containing water sent from the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank, and is connected to the emulsion fuel manufacturing apparatus by a pipe line And an emulsion fuel storage tank for storing the emulsion fuel manufactured by the emulsion fuel manufacturing apparatus, and a fuel supply line for sending the emulsion fuel in the emulsion fuel storage tank to the furnace.

この発明の廃油または再生油の処理装置は、前記廃油・再生油貯留タンク内の廃油または再生油を炉に送る廃油・再生油供給管路をさらに備えることが好ましい。   The waste oil or reclaimed oil processing apparatus of this invention preferably further comprises a waste oil / recycled oil supply conduit for sending the waste oil or reclaimed oil in the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank to the furnace.

そしてまた、この発明の廃棄物処理炉の操業方法は、水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水と油を乳化させて得たエマルジョン燃料と、燃焼用空気とを、廃棄物処理炉内に送り込み、該エマルジョン燃料を廃棄物処理炉内での燃焼に用いることにある。   Further, according to the method of operating the waste treatment furnace of the present invention, the waste oil containing water or the water contained in the reclaimed oil and the emulsion fuel obtained by emulsifying the oil and the combustion air are placed in the waste treatment furnace. The emulsion fuel is used for combustion in a waste treatment furnace.

ここで、この操業方法では、エマルジョン燃料とともに廃棄物処理炉内に送り込む燃焼用空気を、理論空気量の1.0〜1.3倍とすることが好ましい。   Here, in this operation method, it is preferable that the combustion air fed into the waste treatment furnace together with the emulsion fuel be 1.0 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount.

この発明によれば、エマルジョン燃料製造装置等を用いて、水を含む廃油または再生油にそもそも含まれる水と油を乳化させることにより、水を含む廃油または再生油を、優れた燃焼効率を発揮するエマルジョン燃料として、炉内での安定した燃焼に用いることから、操業トラブルを防止し、また燃焼効率を有効に高めて、炉の操業に要する燃料の使用量を削減することができる。
そして、このように比較的低廉な廃油または再生油を有効に用いることにより、炉の操業コストの低減に寄与することができる。
According to the present invention, waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water exhibits excellent combustion efficiency by emulsifying water and oil originally contained in waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water using an emulsion fuel production apparatus or the like. Since the emulsion fuel is used for stable combustion in the furnace, operation troubles can be prevented, combustion efficiency can be effectively increased, and the amount of fuel used for furnace operation can be reduced.
Further, by effectively using such relatively inexpensive waste oil or reclaimed oil, it is possible to contribute to the reduction of the operating cost of the furnace.

この発明の一の実施形態の処理装置を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the processing apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. この発明の処理装置で処理された燃料が供給される廃棄物処理炉の一例を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows an example of the waste-treatment furnace supplied with the fuel processed with the processing apparatus of this invention. この発明の他の実施形態の処理装置を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the processing apparatus of other embodiment of this invention.

以下に、この発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。
この発明の一の実施形態に係る廃油または再生油の処理方法では、水が所定の割合でそもそも含まれる廃油や再生油のうちのいずれか一方または両方を対象とし、その水を含む廃油または再生油に水を追加せずに、また水を含む廃油または再生油から水を除去することもなく、水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水と油を乳化させることにより、水を含む再生油をエマルジョン燃料とし、そして、そのエマルジョン燃料を炉の燃料として用いる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
In the method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil according to one embodiment of the present invention, waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water is targeted for any one or both of waste oil and reclaimed oil originally containing water at a predetermined ratio. Recycled oil containing water by emulsifying water and oil contained in waste oil or recycled oil containing water without adding water to the oil and without removing water from the waste oil or recycled oil containing water Is the emulsion fuel and the emulsion fuel is used as the furnace fuel.

ここで、廃油または再生油は、たとえば、製油所や発電所、機械工場その他の事業所で生じた鉱物性油、動植物性油、潤滑油、絶縁油、洗浄油、切削油、溶剤、タールピッチ等の油脂および油状の物質である廃油それ自体、または、当該廃油から、劣化生成物や混入異物を分離除去することにより生成した再生油とすることができる。
再生油を生成するために廃油に施す具体的な処理としては、たとえば、油分分離、軽質分除去、スラッジ除去等がある。一例としては、廃油を、粗ごみ除去ストレーナーに通過させた後、タンク内にて油水分離・加温静置を行い、熱交換器、反応管およびストレーナーを経て冷却する。そしてその後、遠心分離機でスラッジを除去し、所定の温度に保持したストレーナーを経て、再生重油を生成することができる。
なおここでいう廃油は、たとえば、それに含まれるごみを除去した後の、上記の油水分離を行う前のものとすることができる。
Here, waste oil or recycled oil is, for example, mineral oil, animal and vegetable oil, lubricating oil, insulating oil, cleaning oil, cutting oil, solvent, tar pitch generated in refineries, power plants, machine factories and other establishments. And the like, and waste oil itself which is an oily substance or the like, or a regenerated oil produced by separating and removing deteriorated products and contaminated foreign substances from the waste oil.
Specific treatments applied to waste oil to produce recycled oil include, for example, oil separation, light component removal, sludge removal, and the like. As an example, after passing waste oil through a coarse waste removal strainer, oil and water are separated and heated in a tank and cooled through a heat exchanger, a reaction tube, and a strainer. And after that, sludge is removed with a centrifuge, and the regenerated heavy oil can be produced through a strainer maintained at a predetermined temperature.
In addition, waste oil here can be made into the thing before performing said oil-water separation, for example after removing the dust contained in it.

このような廃油または再生油としては、灯油、重油、潤滑油または絶縁油等があるが、なかでも、炉の燃料に用いるには、重油、たとえば再生重油が好ましい。
この再生重油は、JIS K2170に規定されている1種または2種のいずれであってもよい。
Examples of such waste oil or recycled oil include kerosene, heavy oil, lubricating oil, and insulating oil. Among them, heavy oil, for example, recycled heavy oil is preferable for use as a fuel for a furnace.
This recycled heavy oil may be either one or two types defined in JIS K2170.

また、水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水としては、水道水、工業用水、蒸留水、精製水、イオン交換水、アルカリ水、酸性水、純水、超純水等を挙げることができる。
上記の水を含む廃油または再生油はそもそも、0.5質量%〜25質量%の水分を含むことがあるが、JIS K2170に規定されている再生重油の水分量とは異なり、水分を5質量%より多い量で含むものを対象とすることができる。
Examples of water contained in waste oil or recycled oil containing water include tap water, industrial water, distilled water, purified water, ion exchange water, alkaline water, acidic water, pure water, and ultrapure water. .
In the first place, the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water may contain 0.5% by mass to 25% by mass of water. However, unlike the regenerated heavy oil specified in JIS K2170, the amount of water is 5% by mass. Those containing in an amount greater than% can be targeted.

なおここで、後述のエマルジョン燃料製造装置等を用いて、水を含む廃油または再生油の水と油を有効に乳化させ、水を含む廃油または再生油からエマルジョン燃料を有効に製造するため、水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料製造装置等に供給するに先立ち、水分量の異なる複数種類の、水を含む廃油または再生油を混ぜ合わせることにより、その水分量を調整することができる。但し、ここでは、水を含む廃油または再生油に対して、水だけを追加ないし除去することは行わない。
それにより、従来は炉の燃料として使用することが不可能であった、たとえば20質量%程度と多量の水を含む廃油または再生油をも有効に利用することが可能になる。
なお、複数種類の水を含む廃油または再生油を混合する場合は、そのうちの少なくとも一種類が、上述したように、水分が5質量%を超える量で含まれるものであればよいので、他の種類は、水分が5質量%以下であってもよく、水を含まないものであってもかまわない。
In addition, in order to effectively produce emulsion fuel from waste oil or recycled oil containing water by effectively emulsifying water and oil of waste oil or recycled oil containing water using an emulsion fuel production apparatus, which will be described later, Prior to supplying waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water to an emulsion fuel production apparatus or the like, the amount of water can be adjusted by mixing a plurality of types of waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water having different water contents. However, here, water is not added to or removed from waste oil or recycled oil containing water.
As a result, waste oil or reclaimed oil containing a large amount of water, for example, about 20% by mass, which has conventionally been impossible to use as a fuel for a furnace, can be effectively used.
In addition, when mixing waste oil or recycled oil containing multiple types of water, as long as at least one of them is contained in an amount exceeding 5% by mass, as described above, The type of water may be 5% by mass or less, or may not contain water.

このような、複数種類の混合による水分量の調整を行うか否かを問わず、エマルジョン燃料製造装置に供給することのできる状態にある乳化直前の水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水分の量は、好ましくは3質量%〜25質量%、より好ましくは、8質量%〜20質量%とし、特に10質量%〜15質量%とすることが一層好ましい。
なおこの場合の水と廃油または再生油との含有量の質量比は、3:97〜25:75であることが好ましい。この質量比は、より好ましくは、8:92〜20:80、さらに好ましくは、10:90〜15:85である。
Regardless of whether or not the amount of moisture is adjusted by mixing a plurality of types, the amount of moisture contained in waste oil or recycled oil containing water just before emulsification that can be supplied to the emulsion fuel production apparatus The amount is preferably 3% by mass to 25% by mass, more preferably 8% by mass to 20% by mass, and even more preferably 10% by mass to 15% by mass.
In this case, the mass ratio of the content of water and waste oil or recycled oil is preferably from 3:97 to 25:75. This mass ratio is more preferably 8:92 to 20:80, and still more preferably 10:90 to 15:85.

かかる廃油または再生油は、比較的安価な価格で入手することができるので、多くは添加剤コストが嵩むことに起因して実用化され難いエマルジョン燃料を、このような廃油または再生油を用いて製造することにより、全体的な炉の操業コストの増大を抑制することができる。   Since such waste oil or reclaimed oil can be obtained at a relatively low price, it is often possible to use an emulsion fuel that is difficult to be put into practical use due to high additive costs using such waste oil or reclaimed oil. By manufacturing, an increase in the overall operation cost of the furnace can be suppressed.

このような水を含む廃油または再生油は、図1に概略的に例示する処理装置を用いて処理した後、たとえば廃棄物処理炉に供給して、その燃料に供することができる。
図1に示す廃油または再生油の処理装置は、上記の水を含む廃油または再生油を貯留させる廃油・再生油貯留タンク1と、廃油・再生油貯留タンク1に連結されて、廃油・再生油貯留タンク1から送られる水を含む廃油または再生油からエマルジョン燃料を製造するエマルジョン燃料製造装置2と、エマルジョン燃料製造装置2に連結されて、エマルジョン燃料製造装置2で製造されたエマルジョン燃料を貯留するエマルジョン燃料貯留タンク3とを備えるものである。
またこの処理装置は、上述したように、廃油・再生油貯留タンク1とエマルジョン燃料製造装置2、および、エマルジョン燃料製造装置2とエマルジョン燃料貯留タンク3のそれぞれを連結する管路4および5に加えて、エマルジョン燃料貯留タンク3に貯留されたエマルジョン燃料を炉に供給するための燃料供給管路6を備える。
なおこの装置では、廃油・再生油貯留タンク1とエマルジョン燃料製造装置2との間の管路4、および、燃料供給管路6のそれぞれに、廃油・再生油貯留タンク1内の水を含む廃油または再生油、および、エマルジョン燃料貯留タンク3内のエマルジョン燃料のそれぞれの下流側への流動をもたらすポンプ7、8のそれぞれを設けている。
Such waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water can be supplied to, for example, a waste treatment furnace after being processed using the processing apparatus schematically illustrated in FIG.
The waste oil or reclaimed oil processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 1 for storing waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water, and a waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 1. The emulsion fuel production apparatus 2 that produces emulsion fuel from waste oil or recycled oil containing water sent from the storage tank 1 and the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2 are connected to store the emulsion fuel produced by the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2. An emulsion fuel storage tank 3 is provided.
Further, as described above, this processing apparatus is added to the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 1 and the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2, and the pipelines 4 and 5 connecting the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2 and the emulsion fuel storage tank 3, respectively. And a fuel supply line 6 for supplying the emulsion fuel stored in the emulsion fuel storage tank 3 to the furnace.
In this device, the waste oil containing the water in the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 1 is disposed in each of the pipeline 4 between the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 1 and the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2 and the fuel supply pipeline 6. Alternatively, the regenerated oil and the pumps 7 and 8 that respectively provide the downstream flow of the emulsion fuel in the emulsion fuel storage tank 3 are provided.

この処理装置を用いて廃油または再生油を処理するに当っては、はじめに、水を含む廃油または再生油を廃油・再生油貯留タンク1に注ぎ込み、そこで貯留させることができる。なおこのとき、エマルジョン燃料製造装置2の仕様ないし性能に合わせて、先に述べたように水分量の異なる他の廃油又は再生油を混合させることにより、水を含む再生油に含まれる水分を、上述したような範囲に調整することもできる。   When processing waste oil or reclaimed oil using this processing apparatus, first, waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water can be poured into the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 1 and stored there. At this time, in accordance with the specifications or performance of the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2, by mixing other waste oil or recycled oil having a different water content as described above, the moisture contained in the recycled oil containing water is It is also possible to adjust the range as described above.

次いで、ポンプ7の作動に基づき、水を含む廃油または再生油は、管路4を経てエマルジョン燃料製造装置2に送られる。そしてここでは、必要に応じて、水を含む廃油または再生油に、界面活性剤ないし乳化剤等の添加剤を添加するとともに、これを撹拌することにより、水を含む廃油または再生油にもともと含まれる水を油中に分散させて、それらを乳化させることができる。   Next, based on the operation of the pump 7, waste oil or recycled oil containing water is sent to the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2 through the pipe 4. Here, if necessary, an additive such as a surfactant or an emulsifier is added to the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water, and it is originally contained in the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water by stirring it. Water can be dispersed in the oil to emulsify them.

ここで用いるエマルジョン燃料製造装置2は、油からエマルジョン燃料を製造できるものであれば特に制限されるものではなく、たとえば、公知のもの、又は公知のものと実質的に同じものを用いることができる。具体的には、このエマルジョン燃料製造装置2は、水を含む廃油または再生油を、所要の圧力の作用下で、又は圧力の作用なしに、ミキサもしくは超音波その他の手段によって撹拌し、それに含まれる水を油中に分散させることで、それらを乳化させることのできるものである。それにより、水を含む廃油または再生油中の水粒子は油粒子に包み込まれた形態となって、エマルジョン燃料が製造される。なお、このエマルジョン燃料製造装置2の性能に応じて、エマルジョン燃料中の水粒子は、約300nm〜約10μm程度の大きさとなる。   The emulsion fuel production apparatus 2 used here is not particularly limited as long as it can produce an emulsion fuel from oil. For example, a known one or a substantially same one can be used. . Specifically, the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2 stirs waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water under the action of a required pressure or without the action of pressure by a mixer or ultrasonic or other means, and is contained therein. These can be emulsified by dispersing the water in oil. Thereby, water particles in waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water are in a form of being encapsulated in oil particles, and an emulsion fuel is manufactured. Depending on the performance of the emulsion fuel production apparatus 2, water particles in the emulsion fuel have a size of about 300 nm to about 10 μm.

またここで、水を含む廃油または再生油に添加する添加剤としての乳化剤は、たとえば、陰イオン乳化剤、陽イオン乳化剤、非イオン乳化剤または両性イオン乳化剤等とすることができる。
ここにおいて、水を含む廃油または再生油にはそもそも、界面活性剤および/または乳化剤が含まれている場合があり、この場合は、上記の添加剤を添加することなしに乳化を生じさせることができるので、添加剤に要する費用を削減して、操業コストを大きく低減させることができる。
Here, the emulsifier as an additive to be added to waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water can be, for example, an anionic emulsifier, a cationic emulsifier, a nonionic emulsifier or an amphoteric ion emulsifier.
Here, the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water may originally contain a surfactant and / or an emulsifier, and in this case, emulsification may be caused without adding the above-mentioned additive. Therefore, the cost required for the additive can be reduced, and the operating cost can be greatly reduced.

そしてその後、上記のようにして製造されたエマルジョン燃料は、必要な場合に必要量を炉に供給するため、エマルジョン燃料貯留タンク3に一旦貯留することが可能である。
エマルジョン燃料は一般に、製造した後に1週間以上経過すると水粒子が凝集して水層ができるので燃料効率が悪化するが、近年の装置では、1週間以上経過した後も、燃焼効率の悪化をもたらさないものもある。
このエマルジョン燃料貯留タンク3内のエマルジョン燃料は、ポンプ8の作動に基づき、燃料供給管路6を通して、炉に供給することができる。
After that, the emulsion fuel produced as described above can be temporarily stored in the emulsion fuel storage tank 3 in order to supply a necessary amount to the furnace when necessary.
Emulsion fuel generally deteriorates in fuel efficiency because water particles aggregate and form a water layer after a week or more after production. However, in recent apparatuses, the combustion efficiency deteriorates even after a week or more. Some are not.
The emulsion fuel in the emulsion fuel storage tank 3 can be supplied to the furnace through the fuel supply line 6 based on the operation of the pump 8.

図2に、この発明の処理装置で処理された燃料が供給される廃棄物処理炉9を概略的に示す。
この廃棄物処理炉9は、たとえば、ロータリーキルン炉、固定式乾燥炉、溶解炉等とすることができる。
FIG. 2 schematically shows a waste processing furnace 9 to which fuel processed by the processing apparatus of the present invention is supplied.
The waste treatment furnace 9 can be, for example, a rotary kiln furnace, a stationary drying furnace, a melting furnace, or the like.

図2に例示するような廃棄物処理炉9では、その内部に、エマルジョン燃料F等の燃料とともに、燃焼用空気Aが供給される。そしてここでは、エマルジョン燃料Fは、廃棄物処理炉9の内部で、廃棄された電気・電子機器その他の金属製スクラップ等の焼却その他の燃焼に供される。   In the waste treatment furnace 9 as illustrated in FIG. 2, combustion air A is supplied into the inside thereof together with fuel such as the emulsion fuel F. Here, the emulsion fuel F is used for incineration and other combustion of the discarded electrical / electronic equipment and other metal scraps in the waste treatment furnace 9.

ここで、廃棄物処理炉9に供給される燃料が、上述したようにして製造されるエマルジョン燃料Fであった場合、エマルジョン燃料Fは、理論空気量に近い空気量で完全燃焼することから、水を含む廃油または再生油を用いて製造したエマルジョン燃料Fで優れた燃焼効率をもたらすことができる。具体的には、この燃焼用空気Aは、好ましくは理論空気量の1.0〜1.3倍程度、より好ましくは理論空気量の1.05〜1.13倍程度供給することによって、廃棄物処理炉9の燃焼を行うことができる。
しかも、このエマルジョン燃料Fは、通常の重油等に比して、少ない燃焼用空気Aの量で燃焼するので、廃棄物処理炉9内への大量の冷たい空気の流入によって熱エネルギーが奪われることを抑制することができ、また、排ガスGの量が削減されて、油使用量を削減することもできる。
Here, when the fuel supplied to the waste treatment furnace 9 is the emulsion fuel F manufactured as described above, the emulsion fuel F completely burns with an air amount close to the theoretical air amount. Emulsion fuel F produced using waste oil or recycled oil containing water can provide excellent combustion efficiency. Specifically, the combustion air A is preferably disposed by supplying about 1.0 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount, more preferably about 1.05 to 1.13 times the theoretical air amount. Combustion of the material processing furnace 9 can be performed.
Moreover, since this emulsion fuel F burns with a smaller amount of combustion air A than ordinary heavy oil or the like, heat energy is taken away by the inflow of a large amount of cold air into the waste treatment furnace 9. In addition, the amount of exhaust gas G can be reduced, and the amount of oil used can be reduced.

図3に、この発明の処理装置の他の実施形態を示す。
図3に示す処理装置は、廃油・再生油貯留タンク11からの燃料供給ラインが二つに分岐しており、一方のラインは、廃油または再生油が、先に述べたようなエマルジョン燃料製造装置12によってエマルジョン化された後にエマルジョン燃料貯留タンク13を経て炉に供給されるものであり、また他方のラインは、廃油または再生油がそのまま、廃油・再生油供給管路20を経て直接的に炉に供給されるものである。
なおここでは、廃油・再生油貯留タンク11からラインが分岐した直後に、それぞれのラインでの廃油または再生油の流動を制御する開閉弁21、22を設けている。
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the processing apparatus of the present invention.
In the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3, the fuel supply line from the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 11 is branched into two, and one of the lines is an emulsion fuel production apparatus as described above. After being emulsified by 12, the oil is supplied to the furnace via the emulsion fuel storage tank 13, and the other line is directly connected to the furnace via the waste oil / recycled oil supply pipe 20 without waste oil or reclaimed oil. To be supplied.
Here, immediately after the line branches off from the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 11, on-off valves 21 and 22 for controlling the flow of the waste oil or the recycle oil in each line are provided.

図3の処理装置によれば、廃油・再生油貯留タンクに供給された廃油または再生油の水分量に応じて、直接的に炉に供給するか、または、エマルジョン化して炉に供給するかを選択することができるので、様々な水分量の再生油に対応することができる。   According to the processing apparatus of FIG. 3, whether the waste oil or the recycled oil supplied to the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank is directly supplied to the furnace or is emulsified and supplied to the furnace. Since it can be selected, it can cope with reclaimed oil having various moisture contents.

次にこの発明に係る廃油または再生油の処理方法を試験的に実施し、その効果を確認したので、以下に説明する。但し、この発明はこれに限定されるものではない。   Next, the waste oil or reclaimed oil treatment method according to the present invention was experimentally carried out and the effects thereof were confirmed, and will be described below. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

表1に示す水分量で水を含む再生油につき、発明例1、2および3では、エマルジョン燃料装置製造装置に供給するとともに、該エマルジョン燃料製造装置で、水を含む再生油に含まれる水と油を乳化させて、水を含む再生油をエマルジョン燃料とした後に、炉に供給して、炉内での燃焼に用いた。なお、発明例3は、水分を5%含む再生油と水分を35%含む再生油を再生油貯留タンク1にて混合し、表1に示すように水分を15%含む再生油とした。
一方、比較例1および2では、水を含む再生油をそのまま炉に送り込み、炉内での燃焼に用いた。
Regarding the reclaimed oil containing water in the amount of water shown in Table 1, in Invention Examples 1, 2 and 3, the emulsion fuel manufacturing apparatus supplies water to the reclaimed oil containing water. The oil was emulsified and regenerated oil containing water was used as the emulsion fuel, and then supplied to the furnace to be used for combustion in the furnace. In Invention Example 3, recycled oil containing 5% moisture and recycled oil containing 35% moisture were mixed in the recycled oil storage tank 1 to obtain recycled oil containing 15% moisture as shown in Table 1.
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, reclaimed oil containing water was fed directly into the furnace and used for combustion in the furnace.

この場合の燃料使用量、空燃比、操業トラブルの有無を確認し、炉の燃料として使用することができるかどうかを検討した。その結果も表1に示す。
なおここで、表1中の空燃比は、炉に送り込む燃焼用空気の質量を、燃料質量で除した値であり、この値が小さいほど、炉内での燃焼に必要な空気量が少なく、理論空気量に近い空気量で完全燃焼させることができることから燃焼効率に優れることを意味する。
In this case, the amount of fuel used, the air-fuel ratio, and the presence or absence of operational troubles were confirmed, and it was examined whether they could be used as furnace fuel. The results are also shown in Table 1.
Here, the air-fuel ratio in Table 1 is a value obtained by dividing the mass of combustion air fed into the furnace by the fuel mass. The smaller this value, the smaller the amount of air required for combustion in the furnace, It means that combustion efficiency is excellent because complete combustion can be performed with an air amount close to the theoretical air amount.

Figure 2016069569
Figure 2016069569

表1に示す結果より、水を含む再生油をエマルジョン化した発明例1、2および3はともに、比較例1および2に比して十分に小さい燃料使用量および空燃比で、しかもトラブルの発生なしに、炉の燃焼を行い得ることが明らかである。
また、水を含む再生油をエマルジョン化せずにそのまま用いた比較例1および2では、排ガスに窒素酸化物が含まれ、または火力不足によって処理量が減るという問題があったが、発明例1〜3では、排ガス異常が発生せず、また水分量が多くても火力不足が生じなかった。
それ故に、発明例1、2および3での燃料は、炉の燃料として有効に用いることができた。
From the results shown in Table 1, in Invention Examples 1, 2, and 3 in which the regenerated oil containing water is emulsified, both the fuel consumption and the air-fuel ratio are sufficiently smaller than those in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and trouble occurs. It is clear that the furnace can be burned without.
Further, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the regenerated oil containing water was used as it was without emulsification, there was a problem that the amount of treatment was reduced due to the exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxides or lack of thermal power. In ~ 3, exhaust gas abnormality did not occur, and there was no shortage of thermal power even if the amount of water was large.
Therefore, the fuels of Invention Examples 1, 2, and 3 could be effectively used as furnace fuel.

以上のことから、この発明の廃油または再生油の処理方法によれば、燃焼効率を向上できるとともに、炉の操業に要する燃料の使用量を有効に削減できることが解った。   From the above, it has been found that according to the method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil of the present invention, the combustion efficiency can be improved and the amount of fuel used for the operation of the furnace can be effectively reduced.

1、11 廃油・再生油貯留タンク
2、12 エマルジョン燃料製造装置
3、13 エマルジョン燃料貯留タンク
4、5、14、15 管路
6、16 燃料供給管路
7、8、17、18 ポンプ
9 廃棄物処理炉
20 廃油・再生油供給管路
21、22 開閉弁
A 燃焼用空気
F 燃料
G 排ガス
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,11 Waste oil / recycled oil storage tank 2,12 Emulsion fuel production device 3,13 Emulsion fuel storage tank 4,5,14,15 Pipe line 6,16 Fuel supply pipe 7, 8, 17, 18 Pump 9 Waste Processing furnace 20 Waste oil / recycled oil supply line 21, 22 On-off valve A Combustion air F Fuel G Exhaust gas

Claims (10)

廃油または再生油を処理する方法であって、水を含む廃油または再生油を対象とし、該水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水と油を乳化させることにより、前記水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料とし、その後、該エマルジョン燃料を炉の燃料として用いる廃油または再生油の処理方法。   A method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil, which is intended for waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water, and emulsifies the water and oil contained in the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water, thereby waste water or reclaim containing the water A method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil, wherein the oil is used as an emulsion fuel and then the emulsion fuel is used as a furnace fuel. 前記水を含む廃油または再生油の乳化直前に含まれる水分の量を3質量%〜25質量%とする請求項1に記載の廃油または再生油の処理方法。   The method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water contained immediately before emulsification of the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water is 3% by mass to 25% by mass. 前記廃油または再生油が、灯油、重油、潤滑油または絶縁油である請求項1または2に記載の廃油または再生油の処理方法。   The method for treating waste oil or recycled oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste oil or recycled oil is kerosene, heavy oil, lubricating oil or insulating oil. 処理の対象とする前記水を含む廃油または再生油が、界面活性剤および/または乳化剤を含むものとする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の廃油または再生油の処理方法。   The method for treating waste oil or reclaimed oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water to be treated contains a surfactant and / or an emulsifier. 水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水の量に応じて、前記水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料とした後に該エマルジョン燃料を炉に供給すること、または、前記水を含む廃油または再生油を直接的に炉に供給することを選択する請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の廃油または再生油の処理方法。   Depending on the amount of water contained in the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water, the waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water is used as an emulsion fuel, and then the emulsion fuel is supplied to the furnace, or the waste oil or reclaimed containing water is used. The processing method of the waste oil or reclaimed oil as described in any one of Claims 1-4 which selects supplying oil to a furnace directly. 前記水を含む廃油または再生油をエマルジョン燃料とした後、該エマルジョン燃料を、炉の燃料として用いるに先立って貯留させる請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の廃油または再生油の処理方法。   The waste oil or reclaimed oil containing water is used as an emulsion fuel, and then the emulsion fuel is stored prior to use as a furnace fuel. . 廃油または再生油を処理する装置であって、
水を含む廃油または再生油を貯留させる廃油・再生油貯留タンクと、管路により前記廃油・再生油貯留タンクに連結されて、該廃油・再生油貯留タンクから送られる前記水を含む廃油または再生油からエマルジョン燃料を製造するエマルジョン燃料製造装置と、管路により前記エマルジョン燃料製造装置に連結されて、前記エマルジョン燃料製造装置で製造されたエマルジョン燃料を貯留させるエマルジョン燃料貯留タンクと、エマルジョン燃料貯留タンク内のエマルジョン燃料を炉に送る燃料供給管路とを備える廃油または再生油の処理装置。
An apparatus for treating waste oil or recycled oil,
Waste oil / recycled oil storage tank for storing waste oil / recycled oil containing water, and waste oil / recycle containing the water sent from the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank connected to the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank by a pipe line An emulsion fuel production apparatus that produces emulsion fuel from oil, an emulsion fuel storage tank that is connected to the emulsion fuel production apparatus by a pipe and stores the emulsion fuel produced by the emulsion fuel production apparatus, and an emulsion fuel storage tank A waste oil or reclaimed oil processing apparatus comprising a fuel supply pipe for sending the emulsion fuel therein to a furnace.
前記廃油・再生油貯留タンク内の廃油または再生油を炉に送る廃油・再生油供給管路をさらに備える請求項7に記載の廃油または再生油の処理装置。   The waste oil / recycled oil processing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a waste oil / recycled oil supply conduit for sending waste oil / recycled oil in the waste oil / recycled oil storage tank to a furnace. 水を含む廃油または再生油に含まれる水と油を乳化させて得たエマルジョン燃料と、燃焼用空気とを、廃棄物処理炉内に送り込み、該エマルジョン燃料を廃棄物処理炉内での燃焼に用いる廃棄物処理炉の操業方法。   Emulsion fuel obtained by emulsifying water and oil contained in waste oil or recycled oil containing water and combustion air are sent into a waste treatment furnace, and the emulsion fuel is burned in the waste treatment furnace. Waste disposal furnace operation method to be used. エマルジョン燃料とともに廃棄物処理炉内に送り込む燃焼用空気を、理論空気量の1.0〜1.3倍とする請求項9に記載の廃棄物処理炉の操業方法。   The method for operating a waste treatment furnace according to claim 9, wherein the combustion air fed into the waste treatment furnace together with the emulsion fuel is 1.0 to 1.3 times the theoretical air amount.
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