JP2016066032A - Electric vehicle teaching system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare components in which specification can be changed, for achieving learning about operation ability, running performance, and functionality or the like.SOLUTION: A teaching system for decomposing and assembling an electric vehicle comprises, as components having different specification: dampers D (Da, Db, Dc) having different intensity of a coil spring 42; wheels W (Wa, Wb) having different diameter; and electric motors (Ma, Mb) having different use current, and further comprises as a replacement constitution part which is replaced with a predetermined component group and specification can be changed, a drive mechanism 50 including an in-wheel motor Mc. An upper arm 70 of a suspension device 60 allows change specification of a camber angle and/or caster angle of each wheel W. The system further comprises a gear ratio change device 110 for changing specification of a gear ratio of a reduction gear box 100, as an additional component for changing specification related to an added and corresponding component.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 9

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric vehicle teaching system for disassembling and assembling an electric vehicle to learn the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle.

  In recent years, for the purpose of school education and training of engineers, assembling and disassembling electric vehicles to learn the structure and mechanism of electric vehicles. As the electric vehicle, a relatively simple one for passengers is used, and an electric vehicle completed on the work floor is a plurality of predetermined vehicles such as a chassis, a suspension assembly, an electric motor, a battery, and a wheel. Each component is disassembled and each component is assembled to complete the electric vehicle. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-123039, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-68808, and the like are disclosed as single electric vehicles.

JP 2004-123039 A JP 2008-68808 A

By the way, after assembling the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle is actually driven to learn about operability, running performance, functional performance, etc. If each component is unique, for example, the suspension Depending on the specifications of each component, such as the driving performance due to the difference in the spring force of the damper, the driving performance due to the difference in the outer diameter of the wheel, or the driving performance and functional performance due to the difference in the DC specifications and AC specifications of the electric motor There was a problem that the difference in operability, running performance, functional performance, etc. could not be experienced, it was difficult to learn, and it was difficult for teachers to teach.
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a teaching material system for an electric vehicle that includes parts whose specifications can be changed and can learn operability, running performance, functionality, and the like. The purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve such an object, an electric vehicle teaching system according to the present invention is an electric vehicle that disassembles a completed electric vehicle into a plurality of predetermined components and assembles the components to complete the electric vehicle. In an automobile teaching material system, a plurality of different specification components having different specifications are prepared and selected as at least one of the above components. In this case, for example, the attachment portion of each different specification component to the attached component can be formed in the same size and shape. In addition, when the attachment portion is different, an attachment that can be attached can be prepared.

  According to this configuration, first, when assembling an electric vehicle, one of a plurality of different specification components is selected and the electric vehicle is assembled. Thereby, the structure and mechanism of an electric vehicle can be understood. Then, after the electric vehicle is assembled, the electric vehicle can be actually driven to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. Next, after conducting experiential experiments on the running performance, operability, functional performance, etc. of the electric vehicle assembled with the parts originally provided, what is the different specification component in use in the component to be considered? Replace with a different component with different specifications. In this case as well, the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle can be understood, but by driving the electric vehicle, the operability, running performance, functional performance, etc. can be experienced. In this case, because the specifications of the different specification component used earlier and the different specification component currently in use are different, you can know the difference, so deepen the understanding of the functionality of the corresponding component, In addition, it is possible to know the influence on running performance and operability, and the learning effect can be increased.

  In this case, two or more dampers having different specifications of the strength of the coil springs were prepared as the component parts having the suspension device, the mounting parts at both ends, and the coil springs being selected. Is effective. The difference in the strength of the coil springs of the damper deepens the understanding of the functionality of the damper, and also allows you to know the effects on running characteristics, operability, riding comfort, and roll characteristics (cornering characteristics), The learning effect can be increased.

  Further, in this case, it is effective to select two or more wheels having different diameter specifications as the different specification components selected from the wheels having the attachment portions and the tires. The difference in wheel diameters makes it possible to understand the relationship between speed and torque through experience. That is, a wheel with a large diameter increases speed but decreases torque, while a wheel with a small diameter decreases speed but increases torque. As a result, it is possible to know the influence on running performance and operability, and the learning effect can be increased.

  Further, in this case, two or more electric motors having different mounting current specifications are selected as electric motors that are components having driving parts that are attached to a reduction gear box linked to the wheels and that drive the wheels. It has a prepared configuration. For example, electric motors having different DC and AC operating currents are prepared. You can experience the difference in acceleration performance, the regenerative energy recovery, and the motor characteristics difference by rewriting the motor controller program.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle teaching system for disassembling a completed electric vehicle into a plurality of predetermined components and assembling the components to complete the electric vehicle. In this configuration, a replacement component that can be changed in specification by exchanging with a predetermined component group including one component is prepared.
Thereby, for example, the electric vehicle is assembled first using a predetermined component group. Thereby, the structure and mechanism of an electric vehicle can be understood. After the electric vehicle is assembled, the electric vehicle is actually driven to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. Next, the component group to be considered in the learning activity and the replacement component are exchanged. At this time, the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle can be understood. Then, this electric vehicle is driven again to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. In this case, because the specifications of the component group used earlier and the replacement component group currently in use are different, the difference can be known, so that the understanding of the functionality of the corresponding component can be deepened. In addition, it is possible to know the influence on running performance and operability, and to increase the learning effect. Needless to say, the replacement component part may be assembled first and then replaced with the corresponding component group.

  In this case, as the replacement component, a drive mechanism including an in-wheel motor that is formed so as to be replaceable with a predetermined group of members including an electric motor and that can be directly mounted on a wheel is prepared. Due to the difference in the mechanism of the drive mechanism including the in-wheel motor, you can deepen your understanding of the functionality of the drive mechanism, travel control, etc., and you can know the impact on travelability and operability and increase the learning effect be able to.

Further, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle teaching system for disassembling a completed electric vehicle into a plurality of predetermined components and assembling the components to complete the electric vehicle. Any one of the components is configured so that the specification can be changed.
Thereby, the structure and mechanism of an electric vehicle can be understood by assembling corresponding components. After the electric vehicle is assembled, the electric vehicle is actually driven to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. Next, the specifications of the component parts considered in the learning activity are changed, and the electric vehicle is driven again to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. In this case, it is possible to deepen the understanding of the functionality of the corresponding component by the difference in the specifications of the corresponding replacement component, and to know the influence on the running performance and operability, thereby increasing the learning effect. Can do.

  In this case, it is effective to form the upper arm, which is a component constituting the suspension device, so that the specifications of the camber angle and / or caster angle of the wheel can be changed. By changing the specifications of the camber angle and / or caster angle, the understanding of the functionality of the suspension device can be deepened, the influence on the running performance and operability can be known, and the learning effect can be increased.

In addition, in the electric vehicle teaching system for disassembling a completed electric vehicle into a plurality of predetermined components as needed and assembling the components to complete the electric vehicle, at least one of the above-described configurations It is configured such that another component member is prepared which can be added to a part and which can be added to change the specification related to the corresponding component part.
Thereby, for example, the electric vehicle is assembled using only the corresponding components. Thereby, the structure and mechanism of an electric vehicle can be understood. After the electric vehicle is assembled, the electric vehicle is actually driven to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. Next, another constituent member is added to the constituent part considered in the learning activity, and the specification related to the corresponding constituent part is changed. At this time, the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle can be understood. Then, this electric vehicle is driven again to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. In this case, the specifications differ only when using only the previously used component parts and when adding another component member, so you can know the difference, so that you can deepen your understanding of the functionality of the relevant component parts. In addition, it is possible to know the influence on running performance and operability, and to increase the learning effect. It goes without saying that another component member may be added and assembled first, and then the other component member may be removed.

  In this case, a gear ratio changing device that is added between the reduction gear box and the electric motor and changes the specification of the gear ratio of the reduction gear box is prepared as the separate component. If a gear ratio changing device is added, the gear ratio changes, so the relationship between acceleration performance and maximum speed can be understood from the experience. That is, when the gear ratio is increased, the acceleration performance is improved, but the maximum speed is decreased. Conversely, when the gear ratio is decreased, the acceleration performance is decreased, but the maximum speed is improved. As a result, it is possible to know the influence on running performance and operability, and the learning effect can be increased.

  According to the present invention, the structure and mechanism of an electric vehicle can be understood by disassembling and assembling the electric vehicle. In this case, since the specification can be changed by a component whose specification can be changed, the operability, running performance, functional performance, etc. of the electric vehicle can be experienced through the specification change. Therefore, it is possible to deepen the understanding of the structure and mechanism of an electric vehicle and to make it easier for teachers to teach the structure and mechanism systematically.

It is a perspective view which shows the state which mounted the electric vehicle used in the teaching system of the electric vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention on the mat | matte. It is a disassembled perspective view of the electric vehicle used in this teaching material system. It is a perspective view which shows the state in the middle of decomposition | disassembly or the assembly of the electric vehicle used in this teaching material system. It is a top view which shows one division | segmentation component mat used for this teaching material system. It is a top view which shows another division | segmentation component mat used for this teaching material system. It is a top view which shows another division | segmentation component mat used for this teaching material system. It is a top view shown in the state where the chassis mat as a division mat used for this teaching material system, the related equipment mat, and the work mat were laid continuously. It is a top view which shows the state in the middle of decomposition | disassembly or the assembly of an electric vehicle in this teaching material system. It is a perspective view which shows the different specification component part, replacement | exchange component part, and another component part of an electric vehicle used in this teaching material system in relation to an electric vehicle. The damper as a different specification component used in this teaching material system is shown, (a) shows the attachment state of a front damper, and (b) shows the attachment state of a rear damper. It is sectional drawing which shows the attachment state of the wheel as a different specification component used in this teaching material system. The state of mounting of the electric motor as a different specification component used in this teaching material system is shown, (a) is a partial sectional view showing the state of assembly of the DC motor, and (b) is the mounting state of the AC motor. FIG. The in-wheel motor as a replacement component used in this teaching material system is shown, (a) shows the assembled state to a chassis, (b) is a figure which shows the attachment state of a wheel. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system. It is a perspective view which shows the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system. The principal part of the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system is shown, (a) is a top view which shows the attachment state of an upper arm, (b) is the principal part enlarged plan view. The principal part of the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system is shown, (a) is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. 16, (b) is the sectional view on the BB line in FIG. The principal part of the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system is shown, (a) is a front view which shows the attachment state of an upper arm, (b) is the principal part enlarged front view. It is CC sectional view taken on the line in FIG. 18 which shows the principal part of the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system. In the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system, it is a figure which shows the state which adjusts a camber angle, (a-1), (a-2) is a figure when a camber angle is small, (b-1) ), (B-2) are diagrams when the camber angle is large. In the front suspension apparatus of the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system, it is a figure which shows the state which adjusts a caster angle, (a) is a figure when a caster angle is small, (b) is a figure when a caster angle is large. is there. In the electric vehicle used in this teaching material system, it is an exploded perspective view which shows the gear ratio change apparatus as another component with the attachment relationship with the reduction gear box to which this is attached, and an electric motor. It is sectional drawing which shows the gear ratio change apparatus as another component in the electric vehicle used in this teaching material system. In the electric vehicle used in the teaching material system, an electric motor is attached, (a) is a view showing a state where the electric motor is directly attached to a reduction gear box, and (b) is a gear ratio changing device as a separate component. It is a figure which shows the attached state. It is a figure which shows typically the change pattern of the gear ratio of a reduction gear mechanism in the electric vehicle used for this teaching material system. It is a perspective view which shows the drive system description apparatus used for this teaching material system for demonstrating the drive system of an electric vehicle. It is a perspective view which shows the in-wheel motor explanatory device used for this teaching material system for demonstrating the principle of the in-wheel motor of an electric vehicle.

Hereinafter, a teaching material system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the electric vehicle teaching system according to the embodiment disassembles the electric vehicle EV completed on the work floor into a plurality of predetermined components, This is a system for assembling and completing an electric vehicle EV. Here, the work floor is a concept including not only indoors but also the outdoor ground and the rooftop of a building. The component part may be a single part, or may be a unitary apparatus for each assembly operation configured by assembling a plurality of single parts.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the electric vehicle EV according to the embodiment also refers to FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 to be described later. It has become. Item numbers are assigned to the respective component parts based on the order of assembly, and the order is as follows. Among the item numbers (n−i), n (1 to n) indicates a large order, and i (1 to i) indicates a rank within the large order. When i is the same numerical value, it indicates that it is a part that can be assembled from either, or a part that can be assembled integrally. In addition, there are cases where components not described are attached to the chassis 2, such as a harness or the like being assembled in advance. In addition, the manual describing the procedure for disassembling and assembling includes description of the component parts together with the item number.

(1-1) Rear damper D (Rr) (Rr Damper (R))
(1-1) Rear damper D (Rr) (Rr Damper (L))
(1-2) Swing Arm 4 (Rr Swing Arm)
(1-3) Coupling 5
(1-3) Electric motor M (Motor)
(1-4) Assembly 6 (Rer Suspension ASSY) with axle connected to reduction gearbox
(1-5) Spacer 7 (Spacer A)
(1-5) Spacer 7 (Spacer A)
(1-5) Brake disk 8 (Rr Brake Disk (R))
(1-5) Brake disk 8 (Rr Brake Disk (L))
(1-5) Hub 9 (Rr Hub (R))
(1-5) Hub 9 (Rr Hub (L))
(1-6) Brake Caliper 10 (Rr Brake Caliper (R))
(1-6) Brake Caliper 10 (Rr Brake Caliper (L))

(2-1) Lower arm 64 (Fr Suspension lower Arm (R))
(2-1) Lower arm 64 (Fr Suspension lower Arm (L))
(2-2) Front damper D (Fr) (Fr Damper (R))
(2-2) Front damper D (Fr) (Fr Damper (L))
(2-3) Front knuckle 61 (Fr Knuckle (R))
(2-3) Front knuckle 61 (Fr Knuckle (L))
(2-4) Upper arm 70 (Fr Suspension Upper Arm (R))
(2-4) Upper arm 70 (Fr Suspension Upper Arm (L))
(2-5) Brake disk 11 (Fr Brake Disk (R))
(2-5) Brake disk 11 (Fr Brake Disk (L))
(2-5) Hub 12 (Fr Hub (R))
(2-5) Hub 12 (Fr Hub (L))
(2-6) Anti-Roll Bar 13
(2-6) Brake caliper 14 (Fr Brake Callper (R))
(2-6) Brake caliper 14 (Fr Brake Callper (L))
(3-1) Steering Gear Box 15 (Steering Gear BOX / Tie Rod)
(4-1) Master cylinder 16 (Master Cylinder)
(4-2) Parking Brake 17

(5-1) Wheel W (Tire / Wheel (R × 2))
(5-1) Wheel W (Tire / Wheel (L × 2))
(6-1) Floor panel 18 (Fr Floor Panel)
(6-1) Floor panel 18 (Rr Floor Panel)
(6-2) Throttle pedal 19 (Throttl Pedal)
(6-2) Brake Pedal 20
(7-1) Steering shaft 21 (Steerring Shaft)
(8-1) Control box 22 (Controller Box)
(8-2) Battery 23 (Battery)
(8-2) Battery Bracket 24
(8-3) Battery cable 25
(8-3) Horn 26 (Horn)
(9-1) Seat 27 (Seat)
(9-2) Steering Wheel 28
It is configured with.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the teaching material system according to the embodiment includes a component mat 30 on which all or a part of each component laid and disassembled on the work floor is placed. The component mat 30 is made of a resinous sheet, and a planar component image 31 simulating each component to be placed is displayed on the surface of the component mat 30. The corresponding component on the planar component image 31 is displayed. It is formed so that it can be placed. Although the planar part image 31 may be displayed on the part mat 30 corresponding to all of the components to be disassembled, the planar part image 31 is displayed for the main constituent parts, and the handling is clearly understood. There is no need to display or lamps. Further, insignificant parts such as screws need not be displayed. These non-important parts may be dealt with by placing them in the vicinity of the components used.

  Further, each planar part image 31 of the part mat 30 is displayed as close as possible in the order of the above-mentioned item numbers given to the respective constituent parts based on the assembling order of the respective constituent parts. In the vicinity of each planar component image 31, the item number of the component corresponding to each planar component image 31 is displayed. In the embodiment, the item numbers (ni) and names (English characters) listed above are displayed. It may be written in Japanese. However, depending on conditions such as the size of the component parts, some of the component parts in the arrangement are not always displayed in the order of the item numbers. For example, (2-6) Anti-Roll Bar is displayed adjacent to (2-1) Lower Arm (L) due to the size.

  The component mat 30 is divided into a plurality of divided component mats. One of the divided component mats is configured as a chassis mat 30S dedicated to the chassis 2 on which the chassis 2 is mounted via the mounting table 35. The mounting table 35 may be made of any material such as wooden or metal. Further, the component parts assembled in the chassis 2 are grouped into a plurality according to the order of the item numbers given to the respective component parts based on the assembly order of the respective component parts, and two or more divided component mats other than the chassis mat 30S are provided. The flat part image 31 group corresponding to the grouped component parts group is displayed on each divided part mat other than the chassis mat 30S. In the embodiment, there are three divided component mats, the first component mat 30A, the second component mat 30B, and the third component mat 30C, in ascending order of assembly order. In each of the component mats 30A, 30B, and 30C, the planar component image 31 is displayed so that the numerical value in the assembly order increases from the lower right to the upper left.

  In the first component mat 30A, in the above assembly order, the planar component images 31 corresponding to the components (1-1) to (2-1) and some components (2-6). The name and the assembly order are displayed, and the second component mat 30B has the components (2-2) to (2-5), the remaining components (2-6) The planar part image 31 of the component corresponding to (3-1) to (4-2), the name, and the assembly order are displayed, and the third part mat 30C is (5-1) in the above assembly order. ) To (9-2) are displayed as planar part images 31, names, and assembling orders of the constituent parts.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the teaching material system according to the embodiment includes an associated instrument mat 32 on which an associated instrument including a tool used for assembling the component group is placed. The related instrument mat 32 displays a plurality of areas 33 on which the related instruments are placed.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, the teaching material system according to the embodiment includes a work mat 34 that does not display a component group.

  In addition, in the electric vehicle teaching material system according to the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of different specification components having different specifications are provided that are selected as at least one of the components. In the embodiment, the components that are the target of different specification components are the damper D, the wheel W, and the electric motor M. Hereinafter, it demonstrates individually.

<Damper D>
As shown in FIG. 2, the damper D includes a front damper D (Fr) and a rear damper D (Rr). In the embodiment, the damper D is formed in the same manner, and as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. A possible shock absorber 40 is provided with a mounting portion 41 made of a through hole at both ends and a coil spring 42 for urging the shock absorber 40 in the advance direction. The front damper D (Fr) is provided in a front suspension device 60, which will be described in detail later, as shown in FIGS. The pin 43 is inserted into the lower arm 64 and the chassis 2. Further, the rear damper D (Rr) constitutes a rear suspension device 44 and is installed between the rear suspension arm 45 and the chassis 2 by inserting a pin 43 into a through hole of the mounting portion 41. As shown in FIG. 9, two or more dampers D having different specifications of the strength (spring constant) of the coil spring 42 are provided as different specification components (in the embodiment, three types of dampers Da, Db, Dc). One of the dampers Da, Db, Dc is selected. The specification of the strength (spring constant) of the coil spring 42 has three levels of “strong (hard)”, “medium (normal)”, and “weak (soft)”, and the dampers Da, Db, It corresponds to Dc. The attachment portions 41 of the various dampers Da, Db, and Dc are formed in the same manner, and can be easily replaced. Thereby, a difference in steering performance, riding comfort, roll characteristics (cornering characteristics), etc. can be experienced.

<Wheel W>
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, the wheel W includes a wheel 47 having a mounting portion 46 formed of a through hole and a tire 48. As shown in FIG. 11, the wheel 47 is attached to the hub 9 with bolts 49. Two or more wheels W having different diameter specifications are provided as different specification components (in the embodiment, two types of wheels Wa and Wb), and any one of the wheels Wa and Wb is selected. The specification of the diameter of the wheel W has two stages, large and small. The attachment portions 46 of the various wheels Wa and Wb are formed in the same manner, and can be easily replaced. Thereby, it can be experienced that speed and torque are in a contradictory relationship.

<Electric motor M>
In the electric motor M, as shown in FIG. 9, two or more electric motors M having different specifications of the current used are provided as different specification components. In the embodiment, two types of electric motor Ma having a DC specification and an electric motor Mb having an AC specification are provided, and one of the electric motors Ma and Mb is selected. The electric motor Ma is used in a drive system K, which will be described in detail later. As shown in FIGS. 9, 12 (a), 22, and 24, the electric motor Ma is attached to the mounting portion 104 of the reduction gear box 100 linked to the wheel W. It has an attachment part 105 to be attached, and is attached with a bolt 108 and a nut 109. As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12B, a female screw 161 is provided in the mounting portion 160 of the electric motor Mb, and is attached to the mounting portion 104 of the reduction gear box 100, and the bolt 108 is connected to the female screw 161. It can be screwed onto and attached. By selecting the direct-current specification electric motor Ma and the alternating-current specification electric motor Mb, it is possible to experience a difference in acceleration performance, a difference in motor characteristics due to recovery of regenerative energy or rewriting of a program of the motor controller.

  Moreover, in the electric vehicle teaching material system according to the embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 13, a replacement component that can be replaced with a predetermined component group including at least any one component and change specifications. Is provided. In the embodiment, as a replacement component, a drive mechanism 50 including an in-wheel motor Mc that is formed so as to be replaceable with a predetermined group of members including the electric motor M and on which the wheels W can be directly mounted is provided. A suspension arm 51 as an attachment portion attached to the chassis 2 is attached to the in-wheel motor Mc, and a hub 52 to which the wheel 47 of the wheel W is attached is integrated. That is, a pair of left and right drive mechanisms 50 for the in-wheel motor Mc are mounted instead of the assembly 6 and the swing arm 4 in which the axle is connected to the electric motor M and the reduction gear box 100 as the component parts.

  Furthermore, in the educational system for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, at least one of the components is formed so that the specification can be changed. In the embodiment, the specifications of the camber angle and / or caster angle of the wheel W can be changed by the upper arm 70 which is a component constituting the front suspension device 60. The suspension device 60 will be described in detail later.

  Furthermore, in the electric vehicle teaching material system according to the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, it can be added to at least one of the component parts, and the specification related to the corresponding component part can be changed by being added. Separate components are provided. In the embodiment, a gear ratio changing device 110 that is added between the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M and changes the specification of the gear ratio of the reduction gear box 100 is provided as another component. The gear ratio changing device 110 will be described later in detail as a drive system K for the electric vehicle EV.

  Next, the suspension device 60 according to the embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 14 to 21, the suspension device 60 includes a knuckle member 61 to which the wheel W is attached and a ball joint mechanism on the upper side of the knuckle member 61 that is attached to the chassis 2 so as to be rotatable about an axis in the axle direction. An upper arm 70 supported via 62, a lower arm 64 attached to the chassis 2 so as to be rotatable about an axis in the axle direction and supporting the lower side of the knuckle member 61 via a ball joint mechanism 63, a lower arm 64, The above-described damper D provided between the chassis 2 is provided. A tie rod 67 extending from the steering gear box 15 is linked to the knuckle member 61.

  The ball joint mechanism 62 of the upper arm 70 includes a ball stud 65 connected to the knuckle member 61 and a housing 66 that holds the ball stud 65 so as to be swingable. The upper arm 70 includes a base 71 for mounting the housing 66 of the ball joint mechanism 62, a pair of arms 72 extending from the base 71 toward the chassis 2, a substrate 73 formed at the tip of each arm 72, and the chassis 2. And a pair of bases 74 to which the respective substrates 73 are respectively attached.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, the housing 66 is formed such that the upper surface thereof is slidably in contact with the lower surface of the base 71 and is movable with respect to the base 71 in the vehicle width direction. An engaging body 80 in which engaging portions 81 are arranged along the moving direction is attached to either one of the housing 66 and the base 71, and an engaging body is provided on either one of the housing 66 and the base 71. An engaged body 82 having an engaged portion 83 for engaging the 80 engaging portion 81 and positioning the housing 66 at a required moving position is attached. Then, fixing means for fixing the housing 66 to the base 71 in a state where the engaged portion 83 of the engaged body 82 is engaged with the engaging portion 81 of the engaging body 80 at a required movement position of the housing 66. The camber angle of the wheel W can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 20 by positioning and fixing the housing 66 at a required moving position.

  Specifically, the fixing means 84 includes a female screw portion 85 that is spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals on both sides in the axle direction across the ball stud 65 of the housing 66, and a male screw portion 86a and a male screw portion 86a that are screwed into the female screw portion 85. A bolt 86 having a larger-diameter head 86b and a long hole 87 formed in the base 71 and extending in the vehicle width direction corresponding to the female screw portion 85 and through which the male screw portion 86a of the bolt 86 is inserted. Configured. Accordingly, the housing 66 can be fixed to the base 71 by tightening the bolt 86 from the upper side of the base 71. The fixing of the housing 66 to the arm 72 can be ensured. A pair of the female screw portion 85 and the long hole 87 is provided on each side of the housing 66 with the ball stud 65 between the two sides in the axle direction. The fixing of the housing 66 to the arm 72 can be further ensured.

  Further, the engaging body 80 is formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness in which teeth of a spur gear are formed on one side, and a trough portion or a crest portion of the teeth is an engaging portion 81. The engaged body 82 is formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness with a spur gear tooth meshing with a tooth of the engaging body 80 formed on one side, and a valley portion or a crest portion of the tooth as an engaged portion 83. Yes. In the embodiment, the camber angle can be adjusted by 0.5 degrees by shifting the meshing of one peak (valley) of the spur gear. The engagement body 80 is fixedly attached to the vicinity of at least one of the long holes 87 (in the embodiment, the pair of long holes 87 on the rear side in the axle direction) by welding or the like. The engaged body 83 is formed with a pair of insertion holes 88 through which a pair of bolts 86 corresponding to the long holes 87 to which the engaging body 80 is fixed. The engaged body 83 is disposed on the upper surface of the base 71. At the same time, the male screw portion 86a of the corresponding bolt 86 is inserted into the insertion hole 88 and screwed into the corresponding female screw portion 85, whereby the housing 66 is attached via the bolt 86, and the bolt 86 is tightened. Then, the teeth of the engaged body 82 can be positioned by meshing with the teeth of the engaging body 80. Since the engaging portion 81 and the engaged portion 83 are constituted by teeth of a flat gear, the engaging portion 81 can be easily formed continuously, the structure can be simplified, and positioning can be ensured by meshing of the gear. Can do.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 14, 15, 18, and 19, the arms 72 are in sliding contact with the upper surfaces of the corresponding bases 74 with respect to the lower surfaces of the substrates 73. It is formed to be movable in the axle direction. Then, an engaging body 90 in which engaging portions 91 are arranged along the movement direction is attached to either one of the substrate 73 and the base 74, and the engaging body is attached to either the substrate 73 or the base 74. An engaged body 92 having an engaged portion 93 that engages with 90 engaging portions 91 to position the arm 72 at a required moving position is attached. Further, fixing means for fixing the substrate 73 to the base 74 in a state where the engaged portion 93 of the engaged body 92 is engaged with the engaging portion 91 of the engaging body 90 at a required movement position of the arm 72. 94 is provided, and the caster angle of the wheel W can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 21 by positioning and fixing the arm 72 at a required movement position.

  The fixing means 94 includes a female screw portion 95 provided on the base 74, a male screw portion 96a screwed into the female screw portion 95, a bolt 96 having a head 96b having a larger diameter than the male screw portion 96a, A long hole 97 that is formed in the board 73 and extends in the axle direction corresponding to the female screw portion 95 and through which the male screw portion 96a of the bolt 96 is inserted is configured. Thereby, the board | substrate 73 can be fixed to the base 74 by tightening the volt | bolt 96 from the upper side of the board | substrate 73. FIG. The fixing of the substrate 73 to the base 74 can be ensured by the bolt 96. A pair of the female screw portion 95 and the long hole 97 is provided for each arm 72 at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. The fixing of the substrate 73 to the base 74 can be further ensured.

  The engagement body 90 is configured by a base plate 73 on the rear side in the axle direction, and a male screw portion 96a of a bolt 96 inserted through the long hole 97 can be inserted into the inner wall surface of one long hole 97 of the base plate 73. The concave portions 91a and the non-insertable convex portions 91b are alternately formed, the concave portions 91a are configured as the engaging portions 91, and the bolts 96 inserted through the long holes 97 in which the concave portions 91b are formed are engaged. The male threaded portion 96 a of the bolt 96 is configured as the engaged portion 93. In the embodiment, the caster angle can be adjusted once by shifting the engagement of the male screw portion 96a with the recess 91a by one. Since the concave portion 91a as the engaging portion 91 is continuously formed on the inner wall surface of the long hole 97, the structure can be simplified, and the engaged portion 93 is constituted by the male screw portion 96a of the bolt 96. The structure can also be simplified in terms of points. By removing the bolt 96, the board 73 can move in the axle direction.

  Next, the drive system K of the electric vehicle EV according to the embodiment will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 9, 12, and 22 to 25, the drive system K includes a reduction gear mechanism 101 that is linked to the wheels W and set to a predetermined basic gear ratio. The gear box 100 includes an electric motor M that is detachably attached to the reduction gear box 100 and has an output element 102 connected to the input element 103 of the reduction gear mechanism 101 when attached. In the embodiment, the electric motor M is the above-described direct-current electric motor Ma. The reduction gear mechanism 101 is connected to a differential gear mechanism 101 a that cooperates with the wheels W. Between the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M, there is a pair of connection elements 111 that are detachably formed and connected to the output element 102 of the electric motor M and the input element 103 of the reduction gear mechanism 101, A gear ratio changing device 110 is provided that includes a change gear mechanism 112 that changes the overall gear ratio to a gear ratio different from the basic gear ratio of the reduction gear mechanism 101 when mounted.

  In this gear ratio changing device 110, when one connection element 111 of the change gear mechanism 112 is connected to the output element 102 of the electric motor M, the other connection element 111 of the change gear mechanism 112 becomes the input element 103 of the reduction gear mechanism 101. When the first connection X1 to be connected (FIG. 25B) and one connection element 111 of the change gear mechanism 112 are connected to the input element 103 of the reduction gear mechanism 101, the other connection element 111 of the change gear mechanism 112 is The second connection X2 (FIG. 25C) connected to the output element 102 of the electric motor M is formed so that two connections can be made. That is, the gear ratio changing device 110 is so-called reversible. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 25, the first connection X1 can be set to a gear ratio smaller than the basic gear ratio, and the second connection X2 can be set to a gear ratio larger than the basic gear ratio. I have to. Therefore, if the connection for directly connecting the electric motor M to the reduction gear box 100 is a basic connection X0 (FIG. 25 (a)), the three different connections of the basic connection X0, the first connection X1, and the second connection X2 Three different gear ratios can be easily realized. For this reason, changes such as acceleration performance, maximum speed performance, climbing performance, and regeneration performance can be enriched.

  Specifically, the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M are provided with mounting portions 104 and 105 having mounting surfaces 104a and 105a that face each other when mounted. The outer peripheral part of the attaching parts 104 and 105 is formed in a flange, and a plurality of (four in the embodiment, equiangular relationship) insertion holes 106 and 107 corresponding to each other are formed in the flange. The mounting portions 104 and 105 are connected to each other by inserting a bolt 108 through 107 and tightening a nut 109 into the bolt 108. The gear ratio changing device 110 is configured to include a case 114 that houses a change gear mechanism 112 and has a joint surface 113 that can be joined to each of the mounting surfaces 104a and 105a. One connecting element 111 of the change gear mechanism 112 is positioned on the one joining surface 113 side of the case 114, the other connecting element 111 is positioned on the other joining surface 112 side of the case 114, and the case 114 is The reduction gear box 100 and the mounting portion 104, 105 of the electric motor M are formed so as to be sandwiched between them.

  As shown in FIG. 23, the input element 103 of the reduction gear mechanism 101 and the output element 102 of the electric motor M are configured by spline shafts 120 and 121 each having an axis positioned coaxially when connected. Further, the connection element 111 of the change gear mechanism 112 of the gear ratio changing device 110 includes spline holes 123 and 124 that are positioned coaxially with the spline shafts 120 and 121 when connected. Then, as shown in FIG. 22, when the electric motor M is directly mounted on the reduction gear box 100, spline holes 125 and 126 for connecting the input element 103 of the reduction gear mechanism 101 and the output element 102 of the electric motor M are provided. A coupling 127 is provided. Since the coupling 127 is provided, direct connection between the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M can be easily performed.

  In addition, the pair of spline holes 123 and 124 of the change gear mechanism 112 of the gear ratio changing device 110 are formed to have the same specification with the same inner diameter, the same number of teeth, and the like, and are specification to mesh with the spline shaft 121 of the electric motor M. Is formed. Further, the specifications such as the outer diameter and the number of teeth of the spline shaft 120 of the reduction gear mechanism 101 are different from the specifications such as the outer diameter and the number of teeth of the spline shaft 121 of the electric motor M. In the embodiment, the spline hole 128 that meshes with one of the spline shafts (in the embodiment, the spline shaft 120 of the reduction gear mechanism 101) and the other spline shaft (in the embodiment, the spline of the electric motor M). An adapter 130 having a spline shaft 129 having the same specifications as the shaft 121) is provided. Even if the specification of the spline shaft 120 of the reduction gear mechanism 101 is different from the specification of the spline shaft 121 of the electric motor M, the same specification can be made by the adapter 130. Therefore, the first connection X1 of the gear ratio changing device 110 and The second connection X2 can be easily performed.

  As shown in FIGS. 23 and 25, the change gear mechanism 112 of the gear ratio changing device 110 includes an outer ring 131 that is fixed in the case and has internal teeth, a sun gear 132 that has a spline hole 124 in the shaft center, The planetary gear mechanism includes a plurality of planetary gears 133 and a planetary carrier 134 that rotatably supports the planetary gears 133 and has a spline hole 123 in the center. Since the spline holes 123 and 124 can be positioned on the same axis, the change gear mechanism 112 can be easily made reversibly.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 26, the teaching system for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment includes a drive system explanation device 140 for understanding the drive system K of the electric vehicle EV according to the embodiment. This drive system explanation device 140 includes a rectangular frame base 141, a reduction gear box 100 supported on the base 141 and provided with a reduction gear mechanism 101 and a differential gear mechanism 101a, and a reduction gear box 100 attached to the reduction gear box 100. A simulated electric motor 142 linked to the gear mechanism 101 and an axle 143 linked to the reduction gear box 100 are provided. The reduction gear box 100 and the simulated electric motor 142 are partially cut away so that the inside thereof can be seen. The reduction gear box 100 is provided with an electric drive motor 144 for driving the reduction gear mechanism 101 and the simulated electric motor 142. The drive motor 144 drives the rotational state of the simulated electric motor 142 and the reduction gear. The operating state of the mechanism 101 and the operating state of the differential gear mechanism 101a are made visible. The reduction gear box 100, the simulated electric motor 142, and the axle 143 are covered with a cover 145 provided on the base 141 and formed of a frame and a transparent plate such as acrylic resin.

  Further, pulleys 146 are provided at both ends of the axle shaft 143, and a wire 148 that suspends a weight 147 that applies a load to the axle shaft 143 is wound around the pulley 146 so as to be rewound. As the axle shaft 143 rotates, the wire 148 is wound and unwound, and the weight 147 moves up and down inside the base 141. A weight holding portion 149 that detachably holds a weight 147 is provided at the tip of the wire 148. A plurality of unit weights 147 having a predetermined weight (for example, 1 Kg) are prepared as the weight 147, and the weight holding portion 149 holds an appropriate number so that the weight is variable and the load applied to the axle is variable. In FIG. 26, 150 is a power supply box, 151 is a bottom dead center sensor that is provided on the bottom plate of the base 141 and detects that the weight 147 is installed, 152 is a switch for turning on and off the drive motor 144 and switching at the time of turning on. An up / down switch that selectively rotates the weight 147 in the upward direction or the downward direction.

  Therefore, in the teaching material system according to the present embodiment, when the drive system explanation device 140 is operated, the number of the weights 147 is appropriately selected in the wound state of the wire 148 and suspended from the weight holding portion 149. For example, the weight 147 is suspended by 1 kg on the left side and the weight 147 is suspended by 2 kg on the right side, and the up / down switch 152 is turned on to lower the weight 147 until it reaches the bottom dead center sensor 151. When the bottom dead center sensor 151 detects the weight 147, it stops. Next, the up / down switch 152 is turned on to raise the weight 147 until it reaches the winding end of the wire 148. Thereby, the rotation state of the simulation electric motor 142, the operation state of the reduction gear mechanism 101, and the operation state of the differential gear mechanism 101a can be visually recognized. In particular, it is possible to know the differential motion due to the difference (load difference) between the weights 147 of the two wheels of the differential gear mechanism 101a. It is also easy for teachers to explain these operating principles.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 27, the teaching system for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment includes an in-wheel motor explanation device 160 for explaining the principle of the in-wheel motor used in the electric vehicle EV according to the embodiment. ing. This in-wheel motor explanation device 160 is arranged such that main parts are spaced apart at a predetermined interval along the axial direction so that the relationship between them can be visually recognized. A base 161 and a pair of support of the base 161 A shaft 163 installed and fixed to the frame 162, a tire wheel 164 rotatably provided on one end side of the shaft 163, and a brake disk 165 provided integrally on the outside and rotatably provided on the other end side of the shaft 163. A cover disk 166, a plurality of (four in the embodiment) support rods 167 installed in an equiangular relationship between the tire wheel 164 and the cover disc 166, and a shaft fixed to the support rod 167 on the tire wheel 164 side and shaft A ring-shaped rotor 168 that rotates together with the tire wheel 164 around the center 163, and the rotor 168 It is constituted by a stator 169 fixed to the shaft 164 is provided between the fine cover disk 166. On the outer periphery of the stator 169, electromagnets 170 each having a coil wound around an iron core are arranged in rows. On the inner side of the rotor 168, permanent magnets 171 for rotating the rotor 168 by the electromagnets 170 are arranged in the circumferential direction. It is attached and attached. The brake disk 165, the cover disk 166, the rotor 168, and the stator 169 are covered with a cover 172 provided on the base 161 and formed of a frame and a transparent plate such as acrylic resin.

  Therefore, in the teaching material system according to the present embodiment, when the in-wheel motor explanation device 160 is operated, the tire wheel 164 is manually rotated. As a result, the cover disk 166 and the rotor 168 provided integrally with the brake disk 165 are rotated, and the rotor 168 is rotated by the stator 169, whereby the tire wheel 164 is rotated via the rotor 168. Can know. It is also easy for teachers to explain these operating principles.

  Then, when the electric vehicle EV is disassembled and assembled using the teaching material system according to the present embodiment, the following is performed. In the assembled electric vehicle EV, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, one of three types (Da, Db, Dc) is adopted as the damper D, and two types as the wheels W. Any type of (Wa, Wb) is employed, and any one of the two types (Ma, Mb) is employed as the electric motor M. The electric motor M is directly attached to the reduction gear box 100, and the reduction is performed at the basic gear ratio. Although not shown, the assembled electric vehicle EV may employ a drive mechanism 50 including an in-wheel motor Mc.

  First, on the work floor, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, a chassis mat 30S is attached and a related instrument mat 32 is laid on one side in the short side (lower side in the figure) and the other side in the short side (in the figure). A work mat 34 is laid on the upper side. Further, the first component mat 30A, the second component mat 30B, and the third component mat 30C are arranged in order along the longitudinal direction adjacent to the work mat 34. In this case, the component mat 30 is divided into a plurality of divided component mats 30S, 30A, 30B, and 30C, so that the component mat 30 is compact and easily attached to the work floor.

  In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the chassis 2 is mounted on the chassis mat 30 </ b> S via the mounting table 35. Since the chassis 2 is placed on the chassis mat 30S via the mounting table 35 and the other divided component mats 30A, 30B, 30C are placed around the chassis 2, positioning of the chassis 2 is facilitated, and subsequent disassembly and assembly operations are facilitated. It is easy to do and can improve work efficiency. Then, disassembly is performed according to a predetermined disassembly procedure. First, the body 1 is removed and placed outside the component mat 30, and then, in principle, the components shown in the divided component mat 30C → the components shown in the divided component mat 30B → the divided components 30A. The components are disassembled in the order shown. The disassembled components are placed on the corresponding planar component image 31 on the component mat 30.

  In this case, the planar part images 31 of the constituent parts are arranged adjacent to each other in assembling order as much as possible. In other words, they are systematically displayed because they are arranged adjacent to each other in the disassembling order, and therefore the disassembled structure The components can be easily placed, and the components are placed on the component mat 30 on the work floor in an orderly manner, so that the work efficiency of disassembly can be improved. In addition, it is easy to understand the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle EV, and it is easy for a teacher to teach the structure and mechanism in a systematic manner, and progress management can be easily performed. Furthermore, if an explanation about the component parts is described together with the item number in the manual describing the procedure of disassembly and assembly, it becomes easy to collate the component parts placed on the part mat 30 with the description of the manual. In this respect as well, it is easy to understand the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle EV, and it is possible to make it easier for teachers to teach the structure and mechanism systematically. Furthermore, since the names of the component parts corresponding to the respective planar component images 31 are displayed in the vicinity of the respective planar component images 31 on the component mat 30, the names of the component components can be immediately recognized. In this respect, the work efficiency of disassembly and assembly can be further improved. In addition, the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle EV can be easily understood, and the structure and mechanism can be more systematically taught for teachers. Further, in the disassembling work, since the related tool mat 32 is provided and the related tool including the tool is placed on the related tool mat 32, the tools and the like can be managed in an orderly manner, and also in this respect, work efficiency can be improved. Can do.

  Next, the electric vehicle EV is assembled. The components are assembled according to a predetermined assembly procedure. In principle, each component shown in the divided component 30A → each component shown in the divided component mat 30B → each component shown in the divided component mat 30C is assembled in this order. In this case, the components to be assembled are placed on the corresponding planar component image 31 on the component mat 30, and the display of the planar component image 31 on the component mat 30 is arranged adjacent to each other in assembling order as much as possible. Therefore, since each component is placed in an orderly manner on the component mat 30 on the work floor, it is easy to take out the component and improve the work efficiency of the assembly. it can. Moreover, it is easy to understand the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle EV, and it is easy for a teacher to teach the structure and mechanism in a systematic manner. Furthermore, if an explanation about the component parts is described together with the item number in the manual describing the procedure of disassembly and assembly, it becomes easy to collate the component parts placed on the part mat 30 with the description of the manual. In this respect, it is easy to understand the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle EV, and it is easier for a teacher to teach the structure and mechanism systematically, and the progress can be managed. Furthermore, since the names of the component parts corresponding to the respective planar component images 31 are displayed in the vicinity of the respective planar component images 31 on the component mat 30, the names of the component components can be immediately recognized. In this respect, the assembly work efficiency can be further improved. In addition, the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle EV can be easily understood, and the structure and mechanism can be more systematically taught for teachers. In the assembly work, since the related instrument mat 32 is provided and the related instrument including the tool is placed on the related instrument mat 32, the tools and the like can be managed in an orderly manner, and also in this respect, work efficiency can be improved. Can do.

  Further, since the component mat 30 is divided into a plurality of divided component mats 30S, 30A, 30B, and 30C, the component mat 30 becomes compact and easily attached to the work floor. In addition, the components can be easily arranged, for example, when the components are arranged once and arranged again. Furthermore, it becomes easy to make a schedule for disassembly and assembly for each component displayed on the component mat 30. For example, the parts placed on the first division mat are assembled in the morning, and the parts described on the next division mat are assembled in the afternoon. In addition, disassembly and assembly are performed on the first day, interrupted in the middle of the course, and even if the lesson spans the next day or the next week, etc., the components are arranged and arranged in divided mats, so reproducibility can be maintained. it can.

  After assembling the electric vehicle EV, the user can actually drive the electric vehicle EV and experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. In the teaching material system, the specification can be changed to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. (A) Damper D of suspension device 60, (B) Wheel W, (C) Electric motor M, (D) In-wheel motor Mc, (E) Upper arm 70 of suspension device 60, (F) Reduction gear box The case of 100 will be described individually.

(A) Damper D
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a different type of damper D from that currently in use is selected and replaced. For example, when the damper D currently in use is the damper Db whose coil spring 42 has a “medium (normal)” strength, the “strong (hard)” damper Da or the “weak (soft)” damper Dc. Replace with. In this case, in the various dampers Da, Db, and Dc, the attachment portion 41 is formed in the same manner, and therefore can be easily replaced. And again, this electric vehicle EV can be actually driven and operability, running performance, functional performance, etc. can be experienced. Due to the difference in strength of the coil spring 42 of the damper D, it is possible to mainly experience the difference in steering performance.

(B) Wheel W
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, a different type of wheel W from that currently in use is selected and replaced. For example, if the wheel W currently in use is a “large” wheel Wa, the wheel Wb is replaced with a “small” wheel Wb. In this case, since the attachment part 46 is similarly formed in various wheels Wa and Wb, replacement | exchange can be performed easily. And again, this electric vehicle EV can be actually driven and operability, running performance, functional performance, etc. can be experienced. Due to the difference in the specification of the diameter of the wheel W, it can be experienced that the speed and torque are in a contradictory relationship. That is, in the wheel Wa having a large diameter, the speed increases, but the torque decreases. On the other hand, in the wheel Wb having a small diameter, the speed decreases but the torque increases. As a result, it is possible to know the influence on running performance and operability, and the learning effect can be increased.

(C) Electric motor M
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, a different type of electric motor M from that currently in use is selected and replaced. For example, if the electric motor currently in use is an electric motor Ma with a DC specification, the electric motor is replaced with an electric motor Mb with an AC specification. And again, this electric vehicle EV can be actually driven and operability, running performance, functional performance, etc. can be experienced. Depending on the specification of the current used by the electric motor M, it is possible to experience differences in motor characteristics due to recovery of regenerative energy and rewriting of the motor controller program, such as differences in acceleration performance.

(D) In-wheel motor As shown in FIGS. 9 and 13, the drive mechanism for the in-wheel motor Mc is used instead of the assembly having the axle connected to the electric motor M and the reduction gear box 100 currently in use and the swing arm 4. Change to 50. Thereby, the structure and mechanism of the electric vehicle EV can be understood. Then, again, this electric vehicle EV is actually driven to experience operability, running performance, functional performance, and the like. In this case, the understanding of the functionality of the in-wheel motor Mc can be deepened, and the influence on the running performance and operability can be known, so that the learning effect can be increased.

(E) Upper arm 70 of suspension device 60
As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the specification of the camber angle and / or caster angle of the wheel W can be changed by adjusting the upper arm 70. By changing the specifications of the camber angle and / or caster angle, the understanding of the functionality of the suspension device 60 will be deepened, and the electric vehicle EV will be actually driven to know the influence on the running performance and operability. And the learning effect can be increased.

  The adjustment of the upper arm 70 will be described in detail. First, when adjusting the camber angle, the bolt 86 is loosened as shown in FIGS. As a result, the engaged body 82 can be lifted by the amount of loosening the bolt 86, and the engagement of the engaged body 82 is released from the engaging body 80. Then, the housing 66 of the ball joint mechanism 62 is slidably brought into contact with the base 71 of the upper arm 70, and the angle (camber angle) formed by the vertical axis and the axis of the ball joint mechanism 63 is appropriately changed. The engaged portion 83 of the engaged body 82 is engaged with the engaging portion 81 to position the housing 66 at a required moving position, and the bolt 86 is tightened and fixed again. In this case, the meshing of the spur gears can be released and the housing 66 can be moved, so that the operability is good and the workability is improved. Moreover, since the engaging part 81 and the engaged part 83 are comprised by the tooth | gear of the flat gear, positioning can be ensured by meshing | engagement of a gear. Furthermore, since the movement can be performed discretely for each tooth pitch, the adjustment can be performed reliably. In the embodiment, the camber angle can be adjusted by 0.5 degrees by shifting the meshing of one peak (valley) of the spur gear. Specifically, since the engaging portions 81 of the engaging body 80 are arranged along the moving direction of the housing 66, the engaged portions 83 can be intermittently engaged, that is, the alignment changes. Can be performed discretely, and therefore adjustment can be easily performed. Further, since the housing 66 is in sliding contact with the base 71 in the vehicle width direction, the adjustment width can be relatively increased, and the versatility can be improved accordingly. As a result, it is possible to reproduce the alignment angle aimed even by a beginner without relying on the skill of the worker and the alignment measuring instrument.

  Next, when adjusting the caster angle, the bolt 96 is first removed as shown in FIGS. Then, the board 73 of the upper arm 70 is brought into sliding contact with the base 74, the angle (caster angle) formed by the vertical axis and the axis of the ball joint mechanism 63 is appropriately changed, and the engagement body 90 (73) is engaged. The engaged portion 93 (96a) of the engaged body 92 (96) is engaged with the mating portion 91 (91a) to position the substrate 73 at a required movement position, that is, the bolt 96 is screwed into the male threaded portion 96a. Is engaged with the recess 91 a of the long hole 97, and the substrate 73 is fixed to the base 74 again. In this case, the positioning can be ensured by the engagement between the concave portion 91 a and the female screw portion 96 a of the bolt 96. Further, since the movement can be made discretely by the pitch of the recess 91a, the adjustment can be performed reliably. In the embodiment, the caster angle can be adjusted once by shifting the engagement of the male screw portion 96a with the recess 91a by one. That is, since the engaging portions 91 (91a) of the engaging bodies 90 (73) are arranged along the moving direction of the substrate 73, the engaged portions 93 (96a) of the engaged bodies 92 (96) are arranged. Engagement can be performed intermittently, i.e. alignment changes can be made discretely, so that adjustment can be made easily. Moreover, since the board | substrate 73 is slidably contacted with respect to the base 74 in an axle direction, the adjustment range can be enlarged comparatively and versatility can be improved only that much. As a result, it is possible to reproduce the alignment angle aimed even by a beginner without relying on the skill of the worker and the alignment measuring instrument.

(F) Reduction gear box 100
As shown in FIG. 24 and FIG. 25A, the embodiment is applied when a direct-current electric motor Ma is directly attached to the reduction gear box 100 as the electric motor M. In this state, the reduction is performed at the basic gear ratio, but since the gear ratio changing device 110 that changes the specification of the gear ratio of the reduction gear box 100 is provided, in order to change the reduction gear ratio, The electric motor M is removed from the reduction gear box 100, and the gear ratio changing device 110 is mounted between the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M. In this case, the entire gear ratio can be changed by simply removing the electric motor M and incorporating the gear ratio changing device 110 without removing the reduction gearbox 100 one by one. Can be easily performed, and work efficiency can be improved.

  More specifically, when the electric motor M is decelerated at the basic gear ratio, the electric motor M is directly attached to the reduction gear box 100 as shown in FIGS. 24 (a) and 25 (a). In this case, the input element 103 of the reduction gear mechanism 101 and the output element 102 of the electric motor M are connected by the coupling 127, and the attachment surfaces 104a and 105a of the attachment part 105 of the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M are joined together. The bolt 108 is inserted into the bolt insertion holes 106 and 107, and the nut 109 is screwed and tightened.

  On the other hand, when the gear ratio changing device 110 is mounted between the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M to make the first connection X1, as shown in FIGS. 24 (b) and 25 (b), The adapter 128 is attached to the spline shaft 120 of this type to make a spline shaft 129 having the same specifications as the other spline shaft 121, and these spline shafts 121 and 129 are engaged with and connected to the spline holes 123 and 124 of the gear ratio changing device 110. At the same time, the case of the gear ratio changing device 110 is mounted by being held between the reduction gear box 100 and the mounting portions 104 and 105 of the electric motor M, and the long bolt 108 is inserted into the bolt insertion holes 106 and 107 and the nut 109 is screwed. Tighten together. As a result, the gear ratio changing device 110 is sandwiched and mounted between the reduction gear box 100 and the mounting portions 104 and 105 of the electric motor M, so that mounting is facilitated. Further, since the gear ratio changing device 110 can be held by the bolt 108 and the nut 109 using the existing bolt insertion holes 106 and 107 in the attachment portions 104 and 105 of the reduction gear box 100 and the electric motor M, the structure is simple. Can be easily installed.

  Further, in the case of the second connection X2, as shown in FIGS. 24B and 25C, the gear ratio changing device 110 is reversed and the gear ratio is changed as in the case of the first connection X1. The change device 110 is mounted while being held between the reduction gear box 100 and the mounting portions 104 and 105 of the electric motor M.

  Thus, in this teaching material system, the gear ratio changing device 110 is so-called reversible. For example, the gear ratio changing device 110 is set to a gear ratio smaller than the basic gear ratio by the first connection X1, and is set by the second connection X2. A gear ratio larger than the basic gear ratio can be set. That is, as shown in FIG. 25, three different gear ratios can be easily realized. For this reason, when this electric vehicle EV is actually driven by each gear ratio setting, it is possible to know the influence on the running performance and operability. That is, when the gear ratio is increased, the acceleration performance is improved, but the maximum speed is decreased. Conversely, when the gear ratio is decreased, the acceleration performance is decreased, but the maximum speed is improved. For this reason, changing modes such as acceleration performance, maximum speed performance, climbing performance and regenerative performance can be enriched, and these can be experienced, so that the learning effect can be increased.

  In the above-described embodiment, as the different specification components having different specifications, the dampers D (Da, Db, Dc) having different strengths of the coil springs 42, the wheels W (Wa, Wb) having different diameters, and different currents are used. An electric motor M (Ma, Mb) is provided as a replacement component that can be replaced with a predetermined group of components and change specifications, and includes a drive mechanism 50 including an in-wheel motor Mc. A gear that changes the specifications of the gear ratio of the reduction gear box 100 as a separate component that enables the specification of the camber angle and / or caster angle of the wheel W to be changed and the specification related to the corresponding component to be added. Although the ratio changing device 110 is provided, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. Modifiable components may be provided with a separate component, no problem appropriately changed.

EV Electric vehicle 1 Body 2 Chassis D Damper Da, Db, Dc Damper (components with different specifications)
M Electric motor Ma, Mb Electric motor (components with different specifications)
Mc In-wheel motor W Wheel Wa, Wb Wheel (components with different specifications)
30 parts mat 30S chassis mat (split parts mat)
30A First part mat (split part mat)
30B Second part mat (split part mat)
30C Third part mat (split part mat)
31 Planar part image 32 Related instrument mat 34 Work mat 40 Shock absorber 41 Mounting part 42 Coil spring 46 Mounting part 47 Wheel 48 Tire 50 Drive mechanism (replacement component)
60 Suspension device 61 Knuckle member 62 Ball joint mechanism 63 Ball joint mechanism 64 Lower arm 65 Ball stud 66 Housing 70 Upper arm 71 Base 72 Arm 73 Substrate 74 Base 80 Engagement body 81 Engagement part 82 Engagement body 83 Engagement part 84 Fixing means 85 Female thread portion 86 Bolt 87 Long hole 90 Engagement body (substrate 73)
91 engaging part (recess 91a)
91a Concave portion 91b Convex portion 92 Engagement body (bolt 96)
93 engaged portion (male thread 96a)
94 Fixing means 95 Female screw part 96 Bolt 96a Male screw part 97 Long hole K Drive system 100 Reduction gear box 101 Reduction gear mechanism 101a Differential gear mechanism 102 Output element 103 Input element 104 Attachment part 104a Attachment surface 105 Attachment part 105a Attachment surface 106 Insertion hole 107 Insertion hole 108 Bolt 109 Nut 110 Gear ratio changing device (another component)
111 connection element 112 change gear mechanism X0 basic connection X1 first connection X2 second connection 127 coupling 130 adapter 140 drive system explanation device 160 in-wheel motor explanation device

Claims (10)

In the teaching system of the electric vehicle, the completed electric vehicle is disassembled into a plurality of predetermined component parts and the components are assembled to complete the electric vehicle.
A teaching material system for an electric vehicle, comprising a plurality of different specification components selected as at least one of the components and having different specifications.   It is selected as a damper that constitutes a suspension device and has mounting portions at both ends and is provided with a coil spring, and has two or more dampers with different specifications of the strength of the coil spring as different specification components. The teaching material system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1.   The electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two or more wheels having different diameter specifications are provided as wheels having a mounting portion and tires composed of wheels and tires having different specifications. Teaching material system.   It is selected as an electric motor that is a component that drives a wheel and has a mounting portion that is attached to a reduction gear box linked to the wheel, and has two or more electric motors with different specifications of current used as different specification components. The teaching material system for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3. In the teaching system of the electric vehicle, the completed electric vehicle is disassembled into a plurality of predetermined component parts and the components are assembled to complete the electric vehicle.
A teaching material system for an electric vehicle, comprising: a replacement component part that can be replaced with a predetermined group of component parts including at least one of the above-described component parts and whose specifications can be changed.   6. The electric vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising: a drive mechanism including an in-wheel motor that is formed so as to be replaceable with a predetermined group of constituent members including an electric motor, and the wheels can be directly mounted as the replacement component. Teaching material system. In the teaching system of the electric vehicle, the completed electric vehicle is disassembled into a plurality of predetermined component parts and the components are assembled to complete the electric vehicle.
A teaching material system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that at least one of the above-mentioned components is formed so that the specification can be changed.   8. The automobile suspension apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the upper arm, which is a component constituting the suspension apparatus, is formed such that the specifications of the camber angle and / or caster angle of the wheel can be changed. In the teaching system of the electric vehicle, the completed electric vehicle is disassembled into a plurality of predetermined component parts and the components are assembled to complete the electric vehicle.
A teaching material system for an electric vehicle, comprising: another component part that is formed so as to be attachable to at least one of the component parts and that can be added to change a specification related to the corresponding component part.   10. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, further comprising a gear ratio changing device that is added between the reduction gear box and the electric motor as the separate component and changes a gear ratio specification of the reduction gear box. Drive system.

Images