JP2016058445A - Photovoltaic power generation panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly reliable photovoltaic power generation panel including more than one kinds of solar cell module where the color of the light-receiving surface, especially at least one of the hue and lightness of the light-receiving surface, is different.SOLUTION: A photovoltaic power generation panel includes more than one kinds of solar cell module where at least one of the hue and lightness of the light-receiving surface is different, and the maximum value of at least one of the working current and working voltage of the more than one kinds of solar cell module is 1.05 times or less of the minimum value. In the more than one kinds of solar cell module, the working current is adjusted by changing the layer structure of a photoelectric conversion layer, or the working voltage is adjusted by changing the internal resistance.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation panel including two or more types of solar cell modules in which at least one of the color of a light receiving surface, particularly the hue of the light receiving surface and the lightness of the light receiving surface is different. In this specification, the term “color of the light receiving surface” is used when referring to both the hue of the light receiving surface and the brightness of the light receiving surface.

  Giving the light receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel (the surface that receives sunlight) a design such as a pattern of specific characters, symbols, or figures is extremely important in increasing the added value of the photovoltaic power generation panel. For example, in a photovoltaic power generation panel provided on a roof or the like, the role of an advertising tower is exhibited by putting characters or the like on the light receiving surface. In addition, in a consumer-use photovoltaic power generation panel provided in a portable electronic device, the added value of a product can be increased by putting characters or designs on the light receiving surface. Therefore, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-179380), two or more types of solar cell modules having colors on the light receiving surface are arranged in a mosaic so as to form a pattern of specific characters, symbols or figures. It describes that it constitutes a photovoltaic panel.

JP 2006-179380 A JP 2012-256470 A (Patent No. 5118233)

  In the solar cell module, characteristics (for example, operating current or operating voltage) differ when the color of the light receiving surface, particularly the hue of the light receiving surface or the lightness of the light receiving surface is different. When solar cell modules having different characteristics are connected to each other, a reverse current may flow in the photovoltaic power generation panel, and the characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation panel deteriorate from a long-term viewpoint. That is, the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel is reduced.

  In order to prevent the occurrence of such a problem, solar cell modules having the same characteristics may be connected to each other. However, when solar cell modules are arranged to form specific characters, symbols, or figures, wiring for connecting solar cell modules having the same light receiving surface color may be complicated. In addition, after installing the solar cell module, it may be difficult to change the character, symbol, or figure by changing the arrangement of the solar cell modules. Furthermore, since an inverter is required for each characteristic of the solar cell module, two or more inverters are required.

  The present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell including two or more types of solar cell modules in which at least one of the color of the light receiving surface, particularly the hue of the light receiving surface and the lightness of the light receiving surface is different. It is to increase the reliability of photovoltaic panels.

  The photovoltaic power generation panel of the present invention includes two or more types of solar cell modules in which at least one of the hue of the light receiving surface and the brightness of the light receiving surface is different. In at least one of the operating current and operating voltage of two or more types of solar cell modules, the maximum value is 1.05 times or less the minimum value.

  Each of the two or more types of solar cell modules preferably has a photoelectric conversion layer including a porous semiconductor layer and a dye adsorbed on the porous semiconductor layer. In two or more types of solar cell modules, it is preferable that at least one of the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer and the internal resistance of the solar cell module is different.

  Each of the two or more types of solar cell modules preferably has a photoelectric conversion layer including a porous semiconductor layer and a dye adsorbed on the porous semiconductor layer. In two or more types of solar cell modules, the operating current is adjusted by changing the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer.

  Two or more types of solar cell modules having different light-receiving surface hues include a first solar cell module having a first photoelectric conversion layer containing a first dye, and a second dye that absorbs light on a longer wavelength side than the first dye. It is preferable to have the 2nd solar cell module which has the 2nd photoelectric converting layer containing. The thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer is preferably smaller than the thickness of the first photoelectric conversion layer.

  In each of the two or more types of solar cell modules, the operating voltage is adjusted by changing the internal resistance.

  Two or more types of solar cell modules having different light-receiving surface hues include a third solar cell module having a third photoelectric conversion layer containing a third dye, and a fourth dye that absorbs light on a longer wavelength side than the third dye. It is preferable to have the 4th solar cell module which has the 4th photoelectric conversion layer containing. The internal resistance of the third solar cell module is preferably larger than the internal resistance of the fourth solar cell module.

  The third solar cell module preferably has a conductive layer in contact with the third photoelectric conversion layer or a conductive layer insulated from the third photoelectric conversion layer. The fourth solar cell module preferably has a conductive layer in contact with the fourth photoelectric conversion layer or a conductive layer insulated from the fourth photoelectric conversion layer. The thickness of the conductive layer of the third solar cell module is preferably smaller than the thickness of the conductive layer of the fourth solar cell module.

  Two or more types of solar cell modules having different light-receiving surface brightnesses include a fifth solar cell module having a fifth photoelectric conversion layer and a sixth solar cell having a sixth photoelectric conversion layer having a thickness smaller than that of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer. It is preferable to have a battery module. The internal resistance of the sixth solar cell module is preferably larger than the internal resistance of the fifth solar cell module.

  The fifth solar cell module preferably has a conductive layer in contact with the fifth photoelectric conversion layer or a conductive layer insulated from the fifth photoelectric conversion layer. The sixth solar cell module preferably has a conductive layer in contact with the sixth photoelectric conversion layer or a conductive layer insulated from the sixth photoelectric conversion layer. The thickness of the conductive layer of the sixth solar cell module is preferably smaller than the thickness of the conductive layer of the fifth solar cell module.

  It is preferable that at least one of characters, symbols and figures is formed on the panel surface by arranging a plurality of two or more types of solar cell modules.

  In the photovoltaic power generation panel of the present invention, reliability can be improved.

It is a top view of the photovoltaic power generation panel of one embodiment of the present invention. (A) And (b) is the top view and sectional drawing of the solar cell module of one Embodiment of this invention, respectively. (A) And (b) is the top view and sectional drawing of the solar cell module of one Embodiment of this invention, respectively. (A) And (b) is a graph which shows an operating voltage-operating current characteristic typically. It is a graph which shows the absorption spectrum of a pigment | dye. It is a top view of the photovoltaic power generation panel of one embodiment of the present invention. (A) And (b) is the top view and sectional drawing of the solar cell module of one Embodiment of this invention, respectively. (A) And (b) is the top view and sectional drawing of the solar cell module of one Embodiment of this invention, respectively. (A) And (b) is a graph which shows an operating voltage-operating current characteristic typically. It is a top view of the photovoltaic power generation panel of one embodiment of the present invention. (A) And (b) is the top view and sectional drawing of the solar cell module of one Embodiment of this invention, respectively. (A) And (b) is the top view and sectional drawing of the solar cell module of one Embodiment of this invention, respectively. (A) And (b) is a graph which shows an operating voltage-operating current characteristic typically. (A)-(d) is a graph which shows an operating voltage-operating current characteristic typically. It is a top view of the photovoltaic power generation panel of one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the photovoltaic power generation panel of one embodiment of the present invention. (A) And (b) is a top view which shows an example of the usage example of the photovoltaic power generation panel of one Embodiment of this invention.

  In the case of configuring a solar power generation panel including two or more types of solar cell modules having different light receiving surfaces, each of the solar cell modules includes a porous semiconductor layer and a dye adsorbed on the porous semiconductor layer. It is preferable to have a layer. When pigments having different wavelength regions of light to be absorbed are used, the color of the light receiving surface of the solar cell module, particularly the hue of the light receiving surface can be changed. When the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is changed, the brightness of the light receiving surface of the solar cell module can be changed. However, as described above, in the solar cell module, when the color of the light receiving surface, particularly the hue of the light receiving surface or the lightness of the light receiving surface is different, characteristics (for example, operating current or operating voltage) are different.

  The shorter the wavelength of light absorbed by the dye, the narrower the absorption wavelength region of the dye (since the absorption edge of the dye shifts to the short wavelength side), the operating current of the solar cell module tends to decrease. In addition, the narrower the absorption wavelength region of the dye, the larger the band gap energy of the dye. Therefore, the difference between the band gap energy of the dye and the redox level of the redox pair increases, and thus the operating voltage of the solar cell module increases. It tends to rise.

  In addition, when the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is reduced, the surface area of the photoelectric conversion layer is reduced, so that the amount of dye adsorption (the amount of dye adsorbed by the photoelectric conversion layer) is reduced. Therefore, the operating current of the solar cell module tends to decrease. In addition, since the leakage current decreases due to the decrease in the surface area of the photoelectric conversion layer, the operating voltage of the solar cell module tends to increase. On the other hand, when the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is increased, the surface area of the photoelectric conversion layer is increased, so that the dye adsorption amount is increased. Therefore, the operating current of the solar cell module tends to increase. Further, since the leakage current increases due to the increase in the surface area of the photoelectric conversion layer, the operating voltage of the solar cell module tends to decrease.

  Based on the above, the present inventors have intensively studied. As a result, if the structure of two or more types of solar cell modules having different colors on the light receiving surface, particularly the hue of the light receiving surface or the lightness of the light receiving surface is changed, the solar cell module It has been found that at least one of the operating current and the operating voltage can be changed. Based on such knowledge, the photovoltaic power generation panel of the present invention was completed.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings of the present invention, the same reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts. In addition, dimensional relationships such as length, width, thickness, and depth are changed as appropriate for clarity and simplification of the drawings, and do not represent actual dimensional relationships.

[First Embodiment]
<Solar power generation panel>
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a photovoltaic power generation panel 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 of the present embodiment, two types of solar cell modules 11 (first solar cell module 11A and second solar cell module 11B) are arranged side by side, and the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell are arranged. Module rows configured by connecting the battery modules 11B in series are connected in parallel. The first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B have different light receiving surfaces (surfaces that receive sunlight). One inverter 3 is connected to such a photovoltaic power generation panel 1.

<Solar cell module>
Fig.2 (a) is a top view of 11 A of 1st solar cell modules, FIG.2 (b) is sectional drawing in the IIB-IIB line | wire shown to Fig.2 (a). Fig.3 (a) is a top view of the 2nd solar cell module 11B, FIG.3 (b) is sectional drawing in the IIIB-IIIB line | wire shown to Fig.3 (a). FIG. 2A shows a plan view of the first solar cell module 11A when a layer provided above the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A is seen through. FIG. 3A shows a plan view of the second solar cell module 11B when a layer provided above the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is seen through.

<Configuration of first solar cell module>
The first solar cell module 11A is configured by connecting two or more first dye-sensitized solar cells 101A in series. Specifically, in the first solar cell module 11 </ b> A, the transparent conductive layer 113 is provided on the upper surface of the translucent substrate 111, and the support substrate 127 is disposed so as to face the transparent conductive layer 113. In a space sandwiched between the transparent conductive layer 113 and the support substrate 127, a stacked body (in the stacked body, the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A, the porous insulating layer 119, the catalyst layer 121, and the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A are provided. Provided in this order on the transparent conductive layer 113). In order to fix the support substrate 127 to the translucent substrate 111, a sealing member 129 is provided around each of the stacked bodies. A carrier transport material is filled in the periphery (a space surrounded by the light-transmitting substrate 111, the support substrate 127, and the sealing member 129) and the holes formed in the stack. Then, the laminate, the carrier transport material filled in the periphery of the laminate and the holes formed in the laminate, the light-transmitting substrate 111, the transparent conductive layer 113, and the support substrate 127 sandwiching the laminate. The first dye-sensitized solar cell 101 </ b> A is configured by each part of and a sealing member 129 sandwiching the laminate. In the adjacent laminate, the transparent conductive layer 113 of one laminate and the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A of the other laminate are in contact with each other, whereby the adjacent first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A is in contact with each other. Connected in series. Below, each structure of 101 A of 1st dye-sensitized solar cells is shown concretely.

(Translucent substrate)
The material which comprises the translucent board | substrate 111 will not be specifically limited if it is a material which can generally be used as a translucent board | substrate of a dye-sensitized solar cell, and can exhibit the effect of this embodiment. However, the translucent substrate 111 needs to be light transmissive at the portion that becomes the light receiving surface of the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A, and thus is preferably made of a light transmissive material. For example, the translucent substrate 111 may be a glass substrate made of soda glass, crystal quartz glass, or the like, or may be polyethylene terephthalate (poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)) or polyethylene naphthalate (poly (ethylene naphthalate) ( PEN)) or the like may be used.

  Even when the translucent substrate 111 is used as the light receiving surface of the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A, the light-transmitting substrate 111 substantially transmits light having a wavelength having effective sensitivity to the first dye (described later). Any material may be used as long as it is not necessarily transparent to light of all wavelengths. The thickness of the translucent substrate 111 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.2 mm to 5 mm in consideration of the light transmissibility and the like.

(Transparent conductive layer)
The transparent conductive layer (conductive layer in contact with the first photoelectric conversion layer) 113 is provided on the upper surface of the light-transmitting substrate 111 and is separated by a separation line 115 on the upper surface of the light-transmitting substrate 111. Thereby, the transparent conductive layers 113 are insulated from each other.

  The material which comprises the transparent conductive layer 113 will not be specifically limited if it is a material generally usable as a transparent conductive layer of a dye-sensitized solar cell, and can exhibit the effect of this embodiment. However, the transparent conductive layer 113 needs to be light transmissive at the portion that becomes the light receiving surface of the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A, and thus is preferably made of a light transmissive material. For example, the transparent conductive layer 113 is preferably made of indium tin composite oxide (ITO (tin-doped indium oxide)) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO).

  Even when the transparent conductive layer 113 is used as a light receiving surface of the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A, the transparent conductive layer 113 substantially transmits light having a wavelength having effective sensitivity to the first dye (described later). As long as it is not necessarily required to be transparent to light of all wavelengths. The thickness of the transparent conductive layer 113 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.02 μm to 5 μm in consideration of light transmittance and the like.

  A structure (transparent electrode substrate) in which the transparent conductive layer 113 is provided in advance on the upper surface of the light-transmitting substrate 111 may be used. As such a transparent electrode substrate, for example, a transparent electrode substrate in which a transparent conductive layer 113 made of FTO is provided on the upper surface of a translucent substrate 111 made of soda-lime float glass can be mentioned.

(First photoelectric conversion layer)
The first photoelectric conversion layer 117A includes a first porous semiconductor layer, a first dye adsorbed on the first porous semiconductor layer, and a carrier transport material filled in the first porous semiconductor layer. The first porous semiconductor layer is a semiconductor layer in which a large number of micropores are formed, preferably has a porosity of 20% or more, and preferably has a specific surface area of 0.5 to 300 m ² / g. In the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A, such a first porous semiconductor layer is adsorbed with the first dye and filled with a carrier transport material. Therefore, the adsorption amount of the first dye and the filling amount of the carrier transport material can be ensured. In this specification, “porosity” is a value calculated using the thickness of the layer, the mass of the layer, and the density of the material constituting the layer. In this specification, “specific surface area” is a value determined by the BET method.

The semiconductor material constituting the first porous semiconductor layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can be generally used as a photoelectric conversion material for a dye-sensitized solar cell. Examples of such materials include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, niobium oxide, cerium oxide, tungsten oxide, nickel oxide, strontium titanate, cadmium sulfide, lead sulfide, zinc sulfide, indium phosphide, Examples thereof include compounds such as copper-indium sulfide (CuInS ₂ ), CuAlO ₂ , or SrCu ₂ O ₂ . These compounds may be used alone, or these compounds may be used in combination. Preferably, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, or niobium oxide is used. From the viewpoint of photoelectric conversion efficiency, stability, and safety, it is preferable to use titanium oxide.

  Examples of titanium oxide suitably used for the first porous semiconductor layer include various narrowly defined titanium oxides such as anatase type titanium oxide, rutile type titanium oxide, amorphous titanium oxide, metatitanic acid, orthotitanic acid, and hydroxylation. Examples include titanium or hydrous titanium oxide. These materials may be used alone or in combination. Depending on the production method or thermal history, it can be anatase-type titanium oxide or rutile-type titanium oxide, but anatase-type titanium oxide is more common. In this embodiment, it is preferable to use a crystalline titanium oxide having a high content of anatase-type titanium oxide, and more preferably a crystalline titanium oxide having a content of anatase-type titanium oxide of 80% or more.

  The first porous semiconductor layer may be formed by forming a large number of micropores in the layer made of the semiconductor material. However, the first porous semiconductor layer may be formed by sintering particles made of the semiconductor material (semiconductor particles). It is preferable to form a conductive semiconductor layer.

  The average particle diameter of the semiconductor particles is not particularly limited. For example, when the average particle diameter of the semiconductor particles is 50 nm or more and 600 nm or less, incident light is easily scattered in the first photoelectric conversion layer 117 </ b> A, so that the light capture rate is improved. On the other hand, when the average particle diameter of the semiconductor particles is 5 nm or more and 30 nm or less, in the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A, since the adsorption point of the first dye increases, the adsorption amount of the first dye increases. The first porous semiconductor layer may include both semiconductor particles having an average particle size of 50 nm to 600 nm and semiconductor particles having an average particle size of 5 nm to 30 nm.

  In this specification, the “average particle diameter” is a value obtained from a diffraction peak appearing in an XRD (X-ray diffraction) spectrum. Specifically, the average particle diameter is obtained from the half-value width of the diffraction angle in XRD θ / 2θ measurement and Scherrer's equation. For example, when the semiconductor material is anatase-type titanium oxide, the average particle diameter of the semiconductor particles can be obtained by measuring the half width of the diffraction peak (2θ = 25.3 °) attributed to the (101) plane. it can.

The thickness t ₁₁ of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.5 to 50 μm from the viewpoint of photoelectric conversion efficiency.

  The first dye is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can be generally used as a dye of a dye-sensitized solar cell. Examples of such a dye include an organic dye or a metal complex dye having absorption in at least one of a visible light region and an infrared light region. These pigments may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of organic dyes include azo dyes, quinone dyes, quinone imine dyes, quinacridone dyes, squarylium dyes, cyanine dyes, merocyanine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, xanthene dyes, porphyrin dyes, and perylene dyes. Examples thereof include dyes, indigo dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, and naphthalocyanine dyes.

  The metal complex dye is composed of a molecule (ligand) coordinated to a transition metal. Examples of transition metals include Cu, Ni, Fe, Co, V, Sn, Si, Ti, Ge, Cr, Zn, Ru, Mg, Al, Pb, Mn, In, Mo, Y, Zr, Nb, and Sb. La, W, Pt, Ta, Ir, Pd, Os, Ga, Tb, Eu, Rb, Bi, Se, As, Sc, Ag, Cd, Hf, Re, Au, Ac, Tc, Te, or Rh Etc. The metal complex dye is preferably a phthalocyanine metal complex dye or a ruthenium metal complex dye, and more preferably a ruthenium metal complex dye.

(Porous insulation layer)
The porous insulating layer 119 is provided on the upper surface and the pair of side surfaces of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A, and covers at least a part of the separation line 115. Thereby, in each of the first dye-sensitized solar cells 101A, occurrence of an electrical short circuit between the transparent conductive layer 113 and the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A is suppressed.

  The porous insulating layer 119 is an insulating layer in which a large number of micropores are formed, and may be configured so that charges contained in the carrier transport material can move.

  The insulating material constituting the porous insulating layer 119 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can be generally used as the material constituting the porous insulating layer of the dye-sensitized solar cell. Examples of such materials include metal oxides. Specifically, an insulating material having low electrical conductivity such as zirconium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, niobium oxide, or strontium titanate is preferable.

  The porous insulating layer 119 is formed on the upper surface of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A. Considering the improvement in light reflectance, the porous insulating layer 119 preferably has two or more layers made of different materials. For example, as described in Patent Document 2, the porous insulating layer 119 includes a porous insulating layer body formed to ensure electrical insulation and a reflection formed on the upper surface of the porous insulating layer body. And may have a layer. As the reflective layer, it is preferable to use a material having high reflectivity. For example, a metal oxide having a large particle size (titanium oxide or the like) can be used. As described above, by forming the porous insulating layer 119 into a multilayer structure, the porous insulating layer 119 having both electrical insulation and high reflectance can be formed.

(Catalyst layer)
A catalyst layer (a conductive layer insulated from the first photoelectric conversion layer) 121 is provided on the upper surface of the porous insulating layer 119, has a catalytic function, and functions to reduce holes in the carrier transport material. Have. The material constituting the catalyst layer 121 is not particularly limited as long as it can be generally used as the material constituting the catalyst layer of the dye-sensitized solar cell. As such a material, for example, a noble metal material such as platinum or palladium can be used, and a carbon material such as carbon black, graphite, glass carbon, amorphous carbon, hard carbon, soft carbon, carbon whisker, carbon nanotube, or fullerene. May be used. The thickness of the catalyst layer 121 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 μm or more and 10 μm or less from the viewpoint of optimizing the internal resistance of the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A. The thickness of the catalyst layer 121 is preferably equal to or greater than the thickness having a catalytic action, and thus is preferably selected as appropriate depending on the material of the catalyst layer 121.

(First counter electrode conductive layer)
Examples of the material constituting the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A include indium tin composite oxide (ITO), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ), tin oxide doped with fluorine (FTO), or zinc oxide (ZnO). Etc. Moreover, you may use the metal which does not show corrosivity with respect to electrolyte solution (after-mentioned) like titanium, nickel, or a tantalum. The first counter electrode conductive layer 123A made of such a material can be formed by a known method such as a sputtering method or a spray method.

  The thickness of the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A is preferably about 0.02 μm to 5 μm. The carrier transport material passes through the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A when the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A is manufactured, and the dye solution passes when the first dye is adsorbed. Depending on the shape of the base (in this embodiment, the catalyst layer 121) on which the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A is formed, the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A is simply formed on the base by sputtering or spraying. Small holes may be formed in the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A. However, a dense counter electrode conductive layer may be formed. When it is difficult for the carrier transport material or the dye solution to pass through the formed counter electrode conductive layer, a plurality of small holes (holes through which the carrier transport material or the dye solution passes) are formed in the formed counter electrode conductive layer. Is preferred.

  When a plurality of small holes are formed in the formed counter electrode conductive layer, the small holes are formed by physical contact or laser processing on the counter electrode conductive layer. The size of the small holes is preferably about 0.1 μm to 100 μm, more preferably about 1 μm to 50 μm. The interval between the small holes is preferably about 1 μm to 200 μm, more preferably about 10 μm to 300 μm. The same effect can be obtained by forming a groove-like hole in the formed counter electrode conductive layer. The interval between the groove-like holes is preferably about 1 μm to 200 μm, more preferably about 10 μm to 300 μm.

(Carrier transport layer)
The carrier transport layer 125 is configured by filling a region surrounded by the transparent conductive layer 113, the support substrate 127, and the sealing member 129 and holes formed in the stacked body with a carrier transport material. Therefore, at least the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A and the porous insulating layer 119 are filled with a carrier transport material.

  The carrier transport material may be any material that can be generally used as a carrier transport material for a dye-sensitized solar cell, and is preferably a conductive material that can transport ions, such as a liquid electrolyte, a solid electrolyte, and a gel electrolyte. Or it is preferable that it is a molten salt gel electrolyte.

  The liquid electrolyte is preferably a liquid containing redox species, and may include, for example, a redox species and a solvent capable of dissolving the redox species, or a melt capable of dissolving the redox species and the redox species. A salt may be included, and a redox species, the solvent, and the molten salt may be included.

The redox species are preferably, for example, I ⁻ / I ³⁻ series, Br ²⁻ / Br ³⁻ series, Fe 2 ⁺ / Fe ³⁺ series, or quinone / hydroquinone series. The redox species may be, for example, a combination of a metal iodide such as lithium iodide (LiI) and iodine (I ₂ ), or a tetraalkylammonium salt such as tetraethylammonium iodide (TEAI) and iodine. A combination of metal bromide such as lithium bromide (LiBr) and bromine may be used. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use a combination of LiI and I ₂ .

  Examples of the solvent capable of dissolving the redox species include carbonate compounds such as propylene carbonate, nitrile compounds such as acetonitrile, alcohols such as ethanol, water, aprotic polar substances, and the like. Among these, it is particularly preferable to use a carbonate compound or a nitrile compound. Two or more kinds of these solvents may be mixed and used.

  The solid electrolyte is preferably a conductive material capable of transporting electrons, holes, or ions, and may be any material that can be generally used as an electrolyte of a dye-sensitized solar cell, and preferably is not excellent in fluidity. is there. The solid electrolyte is, for example, a hole transport material such as polycarbazole, an electron transport material such as tetranitrofluororenone, a conductive polymer such as polyroll, a polymer electrolyte obtained by solidifying a liquid electrolyte with a polymer compound, copper iodide or A p-type semiconductor such as copper thiocyanate or an electrolyte obtained by solidifying a liquid electrolyte containing a molten salt with fine particles is preferable.

  The gel electrolyte usually contains an electrolyte and a gelling agent. The electrolyte may be, for example, the above-described liquid electrolyte or the above-described solid electrolyte.

  Examples of gelling agents include polymers such as crosslinked polyacrylic resin derivatives, crosslinked polyacrylonitrile derivatives, polyalkylene oxide derivatives, silicone resins, or polymers having a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic quaternary compound salt structure in the side chain. A gelling agent etc. are mentioned.

  The molten salt gel electrolyte usually contains the gel electrolyte described above and a room temperature molten salt. Examples of the room temperature molten salt include nitrogen-containing heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salts such as pyridinium salts or imidazolium salts.

  The concentration of the electrolyte in the carrier transport material is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 1.5 mol / liter, more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.7 mol / liter.

(Support substrate)
The support substrate 127 is provided for the purpose of preventing volatilization of the electrolytic solution and preventing intrusion of water or the like into the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A. The material constituting the support substrate 127 is not particularly limited as long as the material can be generally used as the material constituting the support substrate (cover member) of the dye-sensitized solar cell. As such a material, for example, soda lime glass, lead glass, borosilicate glass, fused silica glass, or crystal quartz glass is preferable, and soda lime float glass is more preferable.

(Sealing member)
The sealing member 129 prevents the volatilization of the electrolytic solution, prevents the penetration of water or the like into the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A, absorbs the impact (stress) of the falling object that acts on the translucent substrate 111, and It is provided for the purpose of absorbing deflection or the like that acts on the translucent substrate 111 during long-term use. In addition, the sealing member 129 prevents the carrier transport material from coming and going in the adjacent first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A in the first solar cell module 11A.

  The material constituting the sealing member 129 is not particularly limited as long as the material can be generally used as the material constituting the sealing member of the dye-sensitized solar cell. As such a material, for example, a silicone resin, an epoxy resin, or a polyisobutylene resin may be used, or a hot melt resin such as a polyamide resin, a polyolefin resin, or an ionomer resin may be used. There may be. When the sealing member 129 is configured using two or more kinds of these materials, two or more kinds of materials may be mixed, or layers made of the respective materials may be stacked.

(Manufacture of first solar cell module)
First, a transparent conductive layer forming layer is formed on the upper surface of the translucent substrate 111. The method for forming the transparent conductive layer forming layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a known sputtering method and a known spray method. A commercially available glass substrate with a transparent conductive film may be used.

  Next, a part of the transparent conductive layer forming layer is cut by a laser scribing method to form a separation line 115. Thereby, the transparent conductive layers 113 separated from each other are formed on the upper surface of the translucent substrate 111.

  Subsequently, a first porous semiconductor layer is formed on each upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 113. The method for forming the first porous semiconductor layer is not particularly limited. For example, a paste containing semiconductor particles (particles made of a semiconductor material) may be applied to the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 113 by a screen printing method or an inkjet method, and then fired. Instead of firing, a sol-gel method or an electrochemical redox reaction may be used. If a paste containing semiconductor particles is applied to the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 113 by a screen printing method, a thick first porous semiconductor layer can be formed at low cost.

  Subsequently, a porous insulating layer 119 is formed on each upper surface and side surface of the first porous semiconductor layer. The method for forming the porous insulating layer 119 is not particularly limited, but is preferably the same as the method for forming the first porous semiconductor layer.

  Subsequently, a catalyst layer 121 is formed on each upper surface of the porous insulating layer 119. The method for forming the catalyst layer 121 is not particularly limited. For example, the catalyst layer 121 may be formed by a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method, or the catalyst layer 121 may be formed by applying a paste containing fine particles of platinum or carbon to the upper surface of the porous insulating layer 119. .

  Subsequently, a first counter electrode conductive layer 123 </ b> A is formed on each upper surface of the catalyst layer 121 and one side surface of each porous insulating layer 119. The formation method of the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A is not particularly limited, and a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or the like is preferable.

Subsequently, the first dye is adsorbed to each of the first porous semiconductor layers. The adsorption method of the first dye is not particularly limited. For example, it is preferable to immerse the first porous semiconductor layer in a solution in which the first dye is dissolved (first dye adsorption solution). Examples of the solvent for dissolving the first dye include alcohols such as ethanol, ketones such as acetone, ethers such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, nitrogen compounds such as acetonitrile, halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chloroform, Examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, esters such as ethyl acetate, or water. Two or more of these solvents may be mixed and used. It is preferable that the density | concentration of the 1st pigment | dye in the 1st pigment | dye adsorption solution is suitably adjusted with the kind of 1st pigment | dye and solvent to be used. If the concentration of the first dye in the first dye adsorption solution is, for example, 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ mol / liter or more, the function of adsorbing the first dye to the first porous semiconductor layer can be improved.

  Subsequently, the sealing member 129 is provided at a predetermined position. First, a laminated body (on the laminated body, the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A, the porous insulating layer 119, the catalyst layer 121, and the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A are arranged in this order on the transparent substrate 111. The sealing member 129 is formed by cutting out a heat-sealing film, an ultraviolet curable resin, or the like into a shape surrounding each of the above (provided on 113). When silicone resin, epoxy resin, or glass frit is used as the material of the sealing member 129, the pattern of the sealing member 129 is preferably formed by a dispenser. When a hot melt resin is used as the material of the sealing member 129, the sealing member 129 can be formed by opening a patterned hole in a sheet member made of the hot melt resin. The sealing member 129 is disposed between the translucent substrate 111 and the support substrate 127 so that the translucent substrate 111 and the support substrate 127 are bonded to each other by the sealing member 129 formed in this manner. The sealing member 129, the translucent substrate 111, and the support substrate 127 are fixed by heating or ultraviolet irradiation.

  Subsequently, a carrier transport material is injected from an injection hole previously formed in the support substrate 127. When the carrier transport material is filled in the region surrounded by the transparent conductive layer 113, the support substrate 127, and the sealing member 129, the injection hole is sealed with an ultraviolet curable resin. By filling the carrier transport material, the carrier transport layer 125 is formed, and the carrier transport material is held in the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A and the porous insulating layer 119. In this way, the first solar cell module 11A is manufactured.

<Configuration of second solar cell module>
The second solar cell module 11B is configured by connecting two or more second dye-sensitized solar cells 101B in series. The second dye-sensitized solar cell 101B is configured in the same manner as the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A except that the second dye-sensitized solar cell 101B includes a second photoelectric conversion layer 117B having a structure different from that of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A. ing. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the second counter electrode conductive layer 123B of the second dye-sensitized solar cell 101B is configured in the same manner as the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A of the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A. For example, the thickness t ₂₂ of the second counter electrode layer 123B is the same as the thickness t ₂₁ of the first counter electrode conductive layer 123A.

<Contrast between the configuration of the first solar cell module and the configuration of the second solar cell module>
The first photoelectric conversion layer 117A includes a first porous semiconductor layer and a first dye adsorbed on the first porous semiconductor layer. The second photoelectric conversion layer 117B includes a second porous semiconductor layer and a second dye adsorbed on the second porous semiconductor layer. The second dye absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the first dye. Further, the thickness t ₁₂ of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is smaller than the thickness t _{11 of} the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A (t ₁₂ <t ₁₁ ). Thereby, although the 1st solar cell module 11A and the 2nd solar cell module 11B differ in the hue of a light-receiving surface, an operating current is the same.

  4A and 4B are graphs schematically showing operating voltage-operating current characteristics. 4 (a) and 4 (b), L141 represents the operating voltage-operating current characteristics of the first solar cell module 11A, and L42 represents the thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer and the thickness of the first photoelectric conversion layer. The operating voltage-operating current characteristics of the second solar cell module in the case where they are the same are represented, and L142 represents the operating voltage-operating current characteristics of the second solar cell module 11B.

The second dye absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the first dye. Therefore, when the thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer is the same as the thickness of the first photoelectric conversion layer, the operating current is larger in the second solar cell module than in the first solar cell module (I _pmax 1 <I _pmax 2), the operating voltage of the second solar cell module is lower than that of the first solar cell module (V _pmax 1> V _pmax 2) (FIG. 4A).

However, the thickness t ₁₂ of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is smaller than the thickness t _{11 of} the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A (t ₁₂ <t ₁₁ ). Thereby, the absorption characteristic of incident light is changed between the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A and the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B, so that the operating current can be adjusted. Specifically, the operating current I _pmax 2 of the second solar cell module 11B is reduced to be the same as the operating current I _pmax 1 of the first solar cell module 11A ((FIG. 4B)). Therefore, even when the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B are connected in series (FIG. 1), the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B are connected in series. It is possible to prevent a reverse current from being generated between the module rows configured as described above. Therefore, since the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 can be enhanced, the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 having excellent reliability using the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A and the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B having different hues on the light receiving surface. Can be provided.

  In addition, even when the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B are connected in series, the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B are connected in series. Since reverse current can be prevented from being generated between the columns, the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B can be arranged so that the respective voltages of the module columns are the same. Thereby, in each of a module row | line | column, it can prevent that each arrangement | positioning of 11 A of 1st solar cell modules and the 2nd solar cell module 11B is restrict | limited. Therefore, the solar power generation panel 1 can be configured without restricting the arrangement of the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B. Therefore, the solar cell modules are arranged to display characters, symbols, or figures. Can be formed.

  The number of the first solar cell modules 11A included in the module row (a module row formed by connecting the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B in series) is the same in each of the module rows. If the number of second solar cell modules 11B included in the module row is the same in each of the module rows, the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B are connected in series. However, it is possible to prevent reverse current from occurring between the module rows. Therefore, 11 A of 1st solar cell modules and 2nd solar cell module 11B can be arrange | positioned so that each voltage of a module row | line may become the same. Thereby, it can prevent that the wiring for connecting the solar cell modules 11 becomes complicated. Moreover, after installing the solar cell module 11, the arrangement of the solar cell modules 11 can be changed to change the characters, symbols, or figures.

  The number of the first solar cell modules 11A included in the module row (a module row formed by connecting the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B in series) is the same in each of the module rows. If the number of second solar cell modules 11B included in the module row is the same in each of the module rows, the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B are connected in series. However, it is possible to prevent reverse current from occurring between the module rows. Therefore, 11 A of 1st solar cell modules and 2nd solar cell module 11B can be arrange | positioned so that each voltage of a module row | line may become the same. As a result, the number of inverters 3 can be reduced to one (FIG. 1). Therefore, the installation area of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 can be kept small.

Furthermore, if the thickness t ₁₂ of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is made smaller than the thickness t ₁₁ of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A (t ₁₂ <t ₁₁ ), the above-described effects can be obtained. Thereby, the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 excellent in reliability can be provided, without changing the manufacturing apparatus of a solar cell module, or the manufacturing process of a solar cell module.

  In addition, the above effect can be obtained without changing the size of the light receiving surface of the first solar cell module 11A or the size of the light receiving surface of the second solar cell module 11B. The appearance and the appearance of the second solar cell module 11B can be unified. Therefore, the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 excellent in reliability can be provided without impairing the appearance of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1.

  In this specification, “the second dye absorbs light on the longer wavelength side than the first dye” means that the peak wavelength of light absorbed by the second dye and the peak wavelength of light absorbed by the first dye are Difference [(peak wavelength of light absorbed by the second dye) − (peak wavelength of light absorbed by the first dye)] is 50 nm or more and 400 nm or less. Preferably, the difference is 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less. If the difference is 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less, the contrast between the hue of the light receiving surface of the first solar cell module 11A and the hue of the light receiving surface of the second solar cell module 11B can be increased. For example, when a dye (N719) represented by the following chemical formula (1) is used as the first dye, a dye (Black Dye) represented by the following chemical formula (2) can be used as the second dye ( (See FIG. 5).

  When the absorption spectrum of the first dye has a plurality of peaks, the “peak wavelength of light absorbed by the first dye” is the visible light region (400 nm or more and 800 nm or less of the plurality of peaks included in the absorption spectrum of the first dye). Of the peak existing in the wavelength range). Similarly, when the absorption spectrum of the second dye has a plurality of peaks, the “peak wavelength of light absorbed by the second dye” is present in the visible light region among the plurality of peaks included in the absorption spectrum of the second dye. It means the peak wavelength of the peak.

In this specification, “the thickness t ₁₂ of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is smaller than the thickness t _{11 of} the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A” means that the dye used (in this embodiment, the first dye and the first dye) It means that the thickness of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A and the thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B are appropriately adjusted according to the absorption wavelength region of (2 dye). This makes it possible to further reduced the difference between the operating current I _pmax 1 of the first solar cell module 11A and the operating current I _pmax 2 of the second solar cell module 11B. Therefore, the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 including the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B having different hues on the light receiving surface can be further enhanced.

In the present specification, the “thickness t ₁₁ of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A” means the size of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer 113. It is measured using a meter. Are measured by the same method applies to the thickness t ₁₂ of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B.

In the present specification, "the operating current I _pmax 1 of the first solar cell module 11A and the operating current I _pmax 2 of the second solar cell module 11B are the same", among the I _pmax 1 and I _pmax 2 One means 0.95 or more and 1.05 or less of the other of I _pmax 1 and I _pmax 2. Preferably, at most 1.03 times the other 0.97 times or more of the one is I _pmax 1 and I _pmax 2 of I _pmax 1 and I _pmax 2. If I _pmax 1 and I _pmax one of 2 I _pmax 1 and I _pmax 1.03 times or less the other 0.97 times or more of the 2, the first solar cell module 11A in which the hue of the light receiving surface is different And the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 provided with the 2nd solar cell module 11B can be improved further. Note that the operating current of the first solar cell module 11A and the operating current of the second solar cell module 11B are preferably measured according to the same method, for example, by measuring IV characteristics.

Note that the method of the operating current I _pmax 1 of the first solar cell module 11A and an operation current I _pmax 2 of the second solar cell module 11B the same is not limited to the method described in the present embodiment, the first The layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer 117A or the layer structure of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B may be changed. For example, when two or more kinds of porous semiconductor layers are laminated to form a first porous semiconductor layer (an example described later), the number of porous semiconductor layers constituting the second porous semiconductor layer is set as follows: The number may be smaller than the number of porous semiconductor layers constituting the first porous semiconductor layer. Alternatively, the thickness of at least one of the porous semiconductor layers constituting the second porous semiconductor layer may be smaller than the thickness of at least one of the porous semiconductor layers constituting the first porous semiconductor layer. . That is, the “layer structure of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A” includes the thickness of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A, and when the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A has a stacked structure, the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A. The number of the porous semiconductor layers included in each of the layers and the thickness of each of the porous semiconductor layers included in the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A are also included. The same applies to the “layer structure of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B”.

  The first porous semiconductor layer and the second porous semiconductor layer have the same porosity, specific surface area, and the semiconductor material constituting the porous semiconductor layer or the particle diameter of the particles made of the semiconductor material. May be different or different.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 of the present embodiment, a third module row configured by connecting the third solar cell modules 11C in series and a fourth solar cell module 11D connected in series is a fourth. The module row is connected in parallel. In the present embodiment, the third solar cell module 11C and the fourth solar cell module 11D differ in the thickness of the dye and the counter conductive layer. Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

<Solar cell module>
FIG. 7A is a plan view of the third solar cell module 11C, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIB-VIIB shown in FIG. 7A. Fig.8 (a) is a top view of 4th solar cell module 11D, FIG.8 (b) is sectional drawing in the VIIIB-VIIIB line | wire shown to Fig.8 (a). FIG. 7A shows a plan view of the third solar cell module 11 </ b> C when the layer provided above the third photoelectric conversion layer 117 </ b> C is seen through. FIG. 8A shows a plan view of the fourth solar cell module 11D when the layer provided above the fourth photoelectric conversion layer 117D is seen through. The third solar cell module 11C is configured by connecting two or more third dye-sensitized solar cells 101C in series. The fourth solar cell module 11D is configured by connecting two or more fourth dye-sensitized solar cells 101D in series.

<Contrast between configuration of third solar cell module and configuration of fourth solar cell module>
The third photoelectric conversion layer 117C includes a third porous semiconductor layer and a third dye adsorbed on the third porous semiconductor layer. The fourth photoelectric conversion layer 117D includes a fourth porous semiconductor layer and a fourth dye adsorbed on the fourth porous semiconductor layer. The fourth dye absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the third dye. The thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C is smaller than the thickness t _{22 of} the fourth counter electrode conductive layer (conductive layer insulated from the fourth photoelectric conversion layer) 123D (t ₂₁ <t ₂₂ ). . Thereby, although the 3rd solar cell module 11C and the 4th solar cell module 11D differ in the hue of a light-receiving surface, an operating voltage becomes the same. In the present embodiment, the thickness t ₁₁ of the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C is the same as the thickness t _{12 of} the fourth photoelectric conversion layer 117D. In addition, when the third dye is the first dye in the first embodiment, the fourth dye is preferably the second dye in the first embodiment.

  9A and 9B are graphs schematically showing operating voltage-operating current characteristics. 9A and 9B, L43 represents the operating voltage-operating current characteristics of the third solar cell module when the thickness of the third counter electrode conductive layer is the same as the thickness of the fourth counter electrode conductive layer. , L143 represents the operating voltage-operating current characteristic of the third solar cell module 11C, and L144 represents the operating voltage-operating current characteristic of the fourth solar cell module 11D.

The fourth dye absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the third dye. Therefore, when the thickness of the third counter electrode conductive layer is the same as the thickness of the fourth counter electrode conductive layer, the operating current is smaller in the third solar cell module than in the fourth solar cell module (I _pmax 3 <I _pmax 4), the operating voltage of the third solar cell module is higher than that of the fourth solar cell module (V _pmax 3> V _pmax 4) (FIG. 9A).

However, the thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C is smaller than the thickness t _{22 of} the fourth counter electrode conductive layer 123D (t ₂₁ <t ₂₂ ). Thereby, since the internal resistance of the third solar cell module 11C increases, the operating voltage V _pmax 3 of the third solar cell module 11C becomes low and becomes the same as the operating voltage V _pmax 4 of the fourth solar cell module 11D ( FIG. 9B). Therefore, even when the third solar cell module 11C and the fourth solar cell module 11D are connected in parallel, the operating voltage of the third module row and the operating voltage of the fourth module row are the same. Therefore, it is possible to provide the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 having excellent reliability by using the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C and the fourth photoelectric conversion layer 117D having different hues on the light receiving surface.

In the present specification, “the thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C is smaller than the thickness t _{22 of} the fourth counter electrode conductive layer 123D” means that the thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C is the first thickness t ₂₁ . 4 means that it is 1.0 times less than 0.2 times the counter electrode conductive layer 123D thick t _22. Preferably, the thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode layer 123C is not more than 0.7 times 0.3 times of the fourth counter electrode conductive layer 123D thickness t _22. If the thickness t _{21 of} the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C is 0.2 times or more and less than 1.0 times the thickness t ₂₂ of the fourth counter electrode conductive layer 123D, the operating voltage V _pmax 3 of the third solar cell module 11C And the operating voltage V _pmax 4 of the fourth solar cell module 11D can be further reduced. Therefore, the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 including the third solar cell module 11C and the fourth solar cell module 11D with different hues on the light receiving surface can be further enhanced.

In the present specification, the “thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C” means the size of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C. It is measured using a type step gauge or the like. The thickness t ₂₂ of the fourth counter electrode conductive layer 123D is also measured by the same method.

In the present specification, "the operating voltage V _pmax 3 of the third solar cell module 11C fourth and operating voltage V _pmax 4 of the solar cell module 11D are the same", of V _pmax 3 and V _pmax 4 One means 0.95 times or more and 1.05 times or less of the other of V _pmax 3 and V _pmax 4. Preferably, one is less than 1.03 times the other 0.97 times or more of the V _pmax 3 and V _pmax 4 of V _pmax 3 and V _pmax 4. If V _pmax 3 and V _pmax one is V _pmax 3 and V _pmax 1.03 times or less the other 0.97 times or more of the four out of four, the third solar cell module 11C hue of the light receiving surface is different And the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 provided with 4th solar cell module 11D can be improved further. The operating voltage of the third solar cell module 11C and the operating voltage of the fourth solar cell module 11D are preferably measured according to the same method, for example, by measuring IV characteristics.

If the internal resistance of the third solar cell module 11C is made larger than the internal resistance of the fourth solar cell module 11D, the operating voltage V _pmax 3 of the third solar cell module 11C and the operating voltage V of the fourth solar cell module 11D are used. _pmax 4 can be the same. For example, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer (conductive layer in contact with the third photoelectric conversion layer) 113 of the third solar cell module 11C is set to the thickness of the transparent conductive layer (conductive layer in contact with the fourth photoelectric conversion layer) 113 of the fourth solar cell module 11D. The thickness of the catalyst layer (conductive layer insulated from the third photoelectric conversion layer) 121 of the third solar cell module 11C may be made smaller than the thickness of the catalyst layer (fourth solar cell module 11D) of the third solar cell module 11C. 4) (thickness of the conductive layer insulated from the 4 photoelectric conversion layer) 121 may be smaller, or the composition of the electrolyte contained in the third solar cell module 11C or the concentration of the solute in the electrolyte may be adjusted. good. Specifically, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer 113 of the third solar cell module 11C is preferably 0.2 times or more and less than 1.0 times the thickness of the transparent conductive layer 113 of the fourth solar cell module 11D. More preferably, the thickness is 0.25 to 0.8 times the thickness of the transparent conductive layer 113 of the fourth solar cell module 11D. For example, the internal resistance of the third solar cell module 11C and the internal resistance of the fourth solar cell module 11D can be measured by an AC impedance method or the like.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the solar power generation panel 1 of the present embodiment, a fifth module row configured by connecting the fifth solar cell modules 11E in series and a sixth solar cell module 11F connected in series is a sixth. The module row is connected in parallel. In the present embodiment, the brightness of the light receiving surface is different between the fifth solar cell module 11E and the sixth solar cell module 11F. “Brightness” represents the brightness of the object surface (in this embodiment, the brightness of the light receiving surface). Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

<Configuration of fifth solar cell module>
Fig.11 (a) is a top view of the 5th solar cell module 11E, FIG.11 (b) is sectional drawing in the XIB-XIB line | wire shown to Fig.11 (a). In addition, in Fig.11 (a), the top view of the 5th solar cell module 11E at the time of seeing through the layer provided above the 5th photoelectric converting layer 117E is shown.

  The fifth solar cell module 11E is configured by connecting two or more fifth dye-sensitized solar cells 101E in series. The fifth dye-sensitized solar cell 101E is configured in the same manner as the first dye-sensitized solar cell 101A.

<Configuration of sixth solar cell module>
Fig.12 (a) is a top view of the 6th solar cell module 11F, FIG.12 (b) is sectional drawing in the XIIB-XIIB line | wire shown to Fig.12 (a). In addition, in FIG. 12A, a plan view of the sixth solar cell module 11F when a layer provided above the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F is seen through is shown.

  The sixth solar cell module 11F is configured by connecting two or more sixth dye-sensitized solar cells 101F in series. The sixth dye-sensitized solar cell 101F includes a sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F having a configuration different from that of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E of the fifth solar cell module 11E, and the fifth counter electrode conductive layer of the fifth solar cell module 11E. A sixth counter electrode conductive layer 123F having a configuration different from that of 123E is provided. Except for these two points, the sixth dye-sensitized solar cell 101F is configured in the same manner as the fifth dye-sensitized solar cell 101E.

<Contrast between configuration of fifth solar cell module and configuration of sixth solar cell module>
The fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E includes a fifth porous semiconductor layer and a first dye adsorbed on the fifth porous semiconductor layer. The sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F includes a sixth porous semiconductor layer and a first dye adsorbed on the sixth porous semiconductor layer. As described above, in this embodiment, although the same dye is included in the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E and the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F, the thickness t ₁₄ of the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F fifth photoelectric conversion layer smaller than the thickness t ₁₃ of _{117E (t 13> t 14)} . Thereby, since the content of the first dye in the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F is less than the content of the first dye in the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E, the fifth solar cell module 11E and the sixth solar cell module 11F Then, the brightness of the light receiving surface will be different.

In addition, the thickness t ₂₄ of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer (conductive layer insulated from the sixth photoelectric conversion layer) 123F is equal to the thickness of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer (conductive layer insulated from the fifth photoelectric conversion layer) 123E. smaller than the thickness _{t 23 (t 23> t 24} ). Thereby, although the lightness of a light-receiving surface differs between the 5th solar cell module 11E and the 6th solar cell module 11F, an operating voltage becomes the same.

  FIGS. 13A and 13B are graphs schematically showing operating voltage-operating current characteristics. 13A and 13B, L145 represents the operating voltage-operating current characteristic of the fifth solar cell module 11E, and L46 represents the thickness of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer and the thickness of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer. The operating voltage-operating current characteristic of the sixth solar cell module in the case where they are the same is represented, and L146 represents the operating voltage-operating current characteristic of the sixth solar cell module 11F.

In the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E and the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F, although the dye material is the same, the thickness t ₁₄ of the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F than the thickness t ₁₃ of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E Small (t ₁₃ > t ₁₄ ). Therefore, when the thickness of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer is the same as the thickness of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer, the operating current is smaller in the sixth solar cell module than in the fifth solar cell module (I _pmax 5> I _pmax 6), the operating voltage of the sixth solar cell module is higher than that of the fifth solar cell module (V _pmax 5 <V _pmax 6) (FIG. 13A).

However, the thickness t ₂₄ of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer 123F is smaller than the thickness t _{23 of} the fifth counter electrode conductive layer 123E (t ₂₃ > t ₂₄ ). Thereby, since the internal resistance of the sixth solar cell module 11F is increased, the operating voltage V _pmax 6 of the sixth solar cell module 11F is lowered and becomes the same as the operating voltage V _pmax 5 of the fifth solar cell module 11E ( FIG. 13B). Therefore, even when the fifth solar cell module 11E and the sixth solar cell module 11F are connected in parallel, the operating voltage of the fifth module row and the operating voltage of the sixth module row are the same. Therefore, it is possible to provide the photovoltaic panel 1 with excellent reliability by using the fifth solar cell module 11E and the sixth solar cell module 11F having different light-receiving surface brightness.

In this specification, “the thickness t ₁₄ of the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F is smaller than the thickness t ₁₃ of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E” means that the thickness t _{14 of} the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F is the fifth. It means that it is 1.0 times less than 0.2 times the thickness t ₁₃ of the photoelectric conversion layer 117E. Preferably, the thickness t ₁₄ of the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F is not more than 0.9 times 0.25 times or more the thickness t ₁₃ of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E. If the thickness t ₁₄ of the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F is less than 1.0 times 0.2 times or more the thickness t ₁₃ of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E, and brightness of the light-receiving surface of the fifth solar cell module 11E The contrast with the lightness of the light receiving surface of the sixth solar cell module 11F can be increased.

In this specification, “the thickness t ₂₄ of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer 123F is smaller than the thickness t _{23 of} the fifth counter electrode conductive layer 123E” means that the thickness t ₂₄ of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer 123F is the first value. 5 means that it is 1.0 times less than 0.2 times the counter electrode conductive layer 123E thick t _23. Preferably, the thickness t _{24 of} the sixth counter electrode conductive layer 123F is not less than 0.25 times and not more than 0.8 times the thickness t ₂₃ of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer 123E. If the thickness t _{24 of} the sixth counter electrode conductive layer 123F is not less than 0.2 times and less than 1.0 times the thickness t ₂₃ of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer 123E, the operating voltage V _{pmax of} the fifth solar cell module 11E 5 And the operating voltage V _pmax 6 of the sixth solar cell module 11F can be further reduced. Therefore, the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 including the fifth solar cell module 11E and the sixth solar cell module 11F having different light-receiving surface brightness can be further improved.

In the present specification, the “thickness t ₂₃ of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer 123E” means the size of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer 123E in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E. It is measured using a contact-type step gauge or the like. The thickness t ₂₄ of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer 123F is also measured by the same method.

In the present specification, “the operating voltage V _pmax 5 of the fifth solar cell module 11E is the same as the operating voltage V _pmax 6 of the sixth solar cell module 11F” is described in the above second embodiment. The same can be said that the operating voltage V _pmax 3 of the third solar cell module 11C is the same as the operating voltage V _pmax 4 of the fourth solar cell module 11D.

If the internal resistance of the sixth solar cell module 11F is made larger than the internal resistance of the fifth solar cell module 11E, the operating voltage V _pmax 6 of the sixth solar cell module 11F is changed to the operating voltage V of the fifth solar cell module 11E. It can be the same as _pmax 5. About the specific method, it can say the same thing as "the method of making internal resistance of 3rd solar cell module 11C larger than internal resistance of 4th solar cell module 11D" as described in the said 2nd Embodiment.

  Further, the porosity, the specific surface area, and the particle size of the semiconductor material constituting the porous semiconductor layer or the particles made of the semiconductor material are the same in the fifth porous semiconductor layer and the sixth porous semiconductor layer. May be different or different.

  The fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E and the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F are each a dye (for example, a second dye) or a first dye that absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the first dye, instead of the first dye. It may contain a dye that absorbs light on the shorter wavelength side.

[Fourth Embodiment]
The photovoltaic power generation panel 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a third solar cell module 11C (see FIGS. 7A and 7B) according to the second embodiment and the first embodiment. 2nd solar cell module 11B (refer to Drawing 3 (a) and (b)). That is, the thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C is smaller than the thickness t _{22 of} the second counter electrode conductive layer 123B (t ₂₁ <t ₂₂ ). The thickness t ₁₂ of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is smaller than the thickness t _{11 of} the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C (t ₁₂ <t ₁₁ ). Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

<Contrast between configuration of third solar cell module and configuration of second solar cell module>
14A to 14D are graphs schematically showing operating voltage-operating current characteristics. 14A to 14D, L42, L43, L142, and L143 are as described above.

The second dye absorbs light on a longer wavelength side than the third dye. Therefore, when the thickness of the third counter electrode conductive layer is the same as the thickness of the second counter electrode conductive layer, and the thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer is the same as the thickness of the third photoelectric conversion layer, the operating current is The second solar cell module is larger than the third solar cell module (I _pmax 3 <I _pmax 2), and the operating voltage of the second solar cell module is lower than that of the third solar cell module ( V _pmax 3> V _pmax 2) (FIG. 14A).

However, the thickness t ₁₂ of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is smaller than the thickness t _{11 of} the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C (t ₁₂ <t ₁₁ ). As a result, the amount of incident light absorbed by the dye can be adjusted, so that the operating current can be adjusted. Specifically, the operating current I _pmax 2 of the second solar cell module 11B is reduced to be the same as the operating current I _pmax 3 of the third solar cell module 11C (FIG. 14B).

The thickness t ₂₁ of the third counter electrode conductive layer 123C is smaller than the thickness t _{22 of} the second counter electrode conductive layer 123B (t ₂₁ <t ₂₂ ). Thereby, since the internal resistance of the third solar cell module 11C increases, the operating voltage V _pmax 3 of the third solar cell module 11C becomes low and becomes the same as the operating voltage V _pmax 2 of the second solar cell module 11B ( FIG. 14 (c)).

  From the above, the operating current and the operating voltage are the same in the third solar cell module 11C and the second solar cell module 11B (FIG. 14 (d)). Thus, even when the third solar cell module 11C and the second solar cell module 11B are connected in series, the second solar cell module 11B and the third solar cell module 11C are connected in series. It is possible to prevent reverse current from occurring between the module rows. Therefore, the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 can be increased. Therefore, the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 including the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C and the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B having different hues on the light receiving surface can be improved.

[Other Embodiments]
The arrangement of the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B is not limited to the arrangement shown in FIG. The solar power generation panel 1 includes at least one of the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B, at least one of the third solar cell module 11C and the fourth solar cell module 11D, and a fifth solar cell module. 11E and at least one of the sixth solar cell modules 11F may be provided.

  For example, in the photovoltaic power generation panel 1, the third module row configured by connecting the third solar cell modules 11 </ b> C in series and the second module row configured by connecting the second solar cell modules 11 </ b> B in series. And may be connected in parallel (FIG. 15).

  Moreover, in the photovoltaic power generation panel 1, the number of the third solar cell modules 11C or the number of the second solar cell modules 11B may be different for each module row (FIG. 16).

  The number of first solar cell modules 11A and the number of second solar cell modules 11B included in the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 are not limited to the numbers shown in FIG. The number of third solar cell modules 11C and the number of fourth solar cell modules 11D included in the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 are not limited to the numbers shown in FIG. The number of fifth solar cell modules 11E and the number of sixth solar cell modules 11F included in the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 are not limited to the numbers shown in FIG.

  The photovoltaic power generation panel 1 may include three or more types of solar cell modules having different light receiving surface hues. In this case, the layer of the photoelectric conversion layer is preferably such that the maximum value among the operating currents of the three or more types of solar cell modules is 1.05 times or less (more preferably 1.03 times or less) of the minimum value. The structure is optimized (the first embodiment). Preferably, the internal resistance of the solar cell module is optimized so that the maximum value among the operating voltages of the three or more types of solar cell modules is 1.05 times or less (more preferably 1.03 times or less) of the minimum value. (Second embodiment described above). More preferably, the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer is such that the maximum value among the operating currents of the three or more types of solar cell modules is 1.05 times or less (more preferably 1.03 times or less) of the minimum value. The internal resistance of the solar cell module so that the maximum value among the operating voltages of the three or more types of solar cell modules is 1.05 times or less (more preferably 1.03 times or less) of the minimum value. Is optimized (the fourth embodiment).

  The photovoltaic power generation panel 1 may include three or more types of solar cell modules having different light-receiving surface brightness. In this case, the inside of the solar cell module is preferably such that the maximum value among the operating voltages of the three or more types of solar cell modules is 1.05 times or less (more preferably 1.03 times or less) of the minimum value. The resistance is optimized (the third embodiment).

  By arranging a plurality of solar cell modules 11, at least one of desired characters, symbols, and drawings can be formed on the panel surface (FIG. 17A). Moreover, at least one of a character, a symbol, and drawing can be changed by changing the arrangement | sequence of the several solar cell module 11 (FIG.17 (b)). As shown in FIG. 17, when the types or number of solar cell modules constituting a module row (a module row formed by connecting solar cell modules 11 in series) are different from each other in each of the module rows, all the solar cells In the battery module, not only the operating voltage but also the operating current can be freely arranged by setting the maximum value to 1.05 times or less (more preferably 1.03 times or less) of the minimum value. It becomes possible.

[Summary of Embodiment]
A photovoltaic power generation panel 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the like includes two or more types of solar cell modules 11 that differ in at least one of the hue of the light receiving surface and the brightness of the light receiving surface. In at least one of the operating currents and operating voltages of the two or more types of solar cell modules 11, the maximum value is 1.05 times or less the minimum value. Thereby, the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 can be improved.

  Each of the two or more types of solar cell modules 11A and 11B preferably includes photoelectric conversion layers 117A and 117B including a porous semiconductor layer and a dye adsorbed on the porous semiconductor layer. In the two or more types of solar cell modules 11A and 11B, it is preferable that at least one of the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layers 117A and 117B and the internal resistance of the solar cell modules 11A and 11B is different. Thereby, the improvement of the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is realizable.

  Each of the two or more types of solar cell modules 11A and 11B preferably includes photoelectric conversion layers 117A and 117B including a porous semiconductor layer and a dye adsorbed on the porous semiconductor layer. In the two or more types of solar cell modules 11A and 11B, the operating current is adjusted by changing the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layers 117A and 117B.

  Two or more types of solar cell modules 11 having different light-receiving surface hues absorb light on the longer wavelength side of the first solar cell module 11A having the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A including the first pigment and the first pigment. It is preferable to have the second solar cell module 11B having the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B containing the second dye. The thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer 117B is preferably smaller than the thickness of the first photoelectric conversion layer 117A. Thereby, the operating current can be the same in the first solar cell module 11A and the second solar cell module 11B.

  In each of the two or more types of solar cell modules 11A and 11B, the operating voltage is adjusted by changing the internal resistance.

  Two or more types of solar cell modules 11 having different light-receiving surface hues absorb light on the longer wavelength side of the third solar cell module 11C having the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C including the third pigment and the third pigment. It is preferable to have 4th solar cell module 11D which has 4th photoelectric converting layer 117D containing a 4th pigment | dye. The internal resistance of the third solar cell module 11C is preferably larger than the internal resistance of the fourth solar cell module 11D. Thereby, the operating voltage can be made the same in the third solar cell module 11C and the fourth solar cell module 11D.

  The third solar cell module 11C preferably has the conductive layer 113 in contact with the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C or the conductive layers 121 and 123C insulated from the third photoelectric conversion layer 117C. The fourth solar cell module 11D preferably includes the conductive layer 113 in contact with the fourth photoelectric conversion layer 117D or the conductive layers 121 and 123D insulated from the fourth photoelectric conversion layer 117D. The thickness of the conductive layers 113, 121, 123C of the third solar cell module 11C is preferably smaller than the thickness of the conductive layers 113, 121, 123D of the fourth solar cell module 11D. Thereby, the internal resistance of the third solar cell module 11C can be made larger than the internal resistance of the fourth solar cell module 11D.

  Two or more types of solar cell modules 11 having different light-receiving surface brightnesses include a fifth solar cell module 11E having a fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E and a sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F having a thickness smaller than that of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E. It is preferable to have the 6th solar cell module 11F which has. The internal resistance of the sixth solar cell module 11F is preferably greater than the internal resistance of the fifth solar cell module 11E. Thereby, the operating voltage can be made the same in the fifth solar cell module 11E and the sixth solar cell module 11F.

  The fifth solar cell module 11E preferably includes the conductive layer 121 in contact with the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E or the conductive layers 121 and 123E insulated from the fifth photoelectric conversion layer 117E. The sixth solar cell module 11F preferably includes the conductive layer 113 in contact with the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F or the conductive layers 121 and 123F insulated from the sixth photoelectric conversion layer 117F. The thickness of the conductive layers 113, 121, 123F of the sixth solar cell module 11F is preferably smaller than the thickness of the conductive layers 113, 121, 123E of the fifth solar cell module 11E. Thereby, the internal resistance of the sixth solar cell module 11F can be made larger than the internal resistance of the fifth solar cell module 11E.

  It is preferable that at least one of characters, symbols, and figures is formed on the panel surface by arranging a plurality of two or more types of solar cell modules 11A and 11B.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to these.

[Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3]
(Comparative Example 1)
(Manufacture of solar cell module α)
First, it was prepared a top transparent electrode substrate SnO ₂ film is formed on the light-transmissive substrate made of glass (made by Nippon Sheet Glass Co., SnO ₂ film with the glass plate). The size of the transparent electrode substrate was 30 mm × 30 mm × 1.0 mm (thickness). A part of the SnO ₂ film was cut by laser scribing to form a separation line. In this way, a transparent conductive layer made of SnO ₂ was formed on the upper surface of the translucent substrate.

  Next, a screen plate having a pattern of the first porous semiconductor layer and a screen printing machine (manufactured by Neurong Seimitsu Kogyo Co., Ltd., model number “LS-150”) are used on the upper surface of the transparent conductive layer. Titanium oxide paste (manufactured by Solaronix, trade name “T / SP”, including titanium oxide particles having an average particle diameter of 13 nm) was applied and leveled at room temperature for 1 hour. Thereafter, the obtained coating film was dried in an oven set at 80 ° C. for 20 minutes, and then in air using a baking furnace set to 500 ° C. (model number “KDF P-100” manufactured by Denken Co., Ltd.). Baked for minutes. A T layer was thus obtained.

  Subsequently, using the above-described screen plate and the above-described screen printing machine, a commercially available titanium oxide paste (manufactured by Solaronix, trade name “T / SP”, average particle diameter is 13 nm) on each upper surface of the T layer. 10% by mass of optically dispersed particles having an average particle diameter of 400 nm are applied to the titanium oxide particles, and leveled at room temperature for 1 hour. Then, after drying for 20 minutes in the oven set to 80 degreeC, the obtained coating film was baked for 60 minutes in the air using the above-mentioned baking furnace set to 500 degreeC. Thus, an S layer was obtained, and a first porous semiconductor layer in which the T layer and the S layer were laminated was obtained.

  Subsequently, a titanium oxide paste was applied to each upper surface and a pair of side surfaces of the first porous semiconductor layer using the above-described screen printing machine. Then, it baked at 500 degreeC for 60 minutes. A porous insulating layer was thus obtained. The titanium oxide paste used contained 50% by mass of the following colloidal solution I and colloidal solution II below.

(Preparation of colloidal solution I)
125 mL of titanium isopropoxide (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 750 mL of 0.1 M nitric acid aqueous solution (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd., pH adjuster) were mixed and heated at 80 ° C. for 8 hours. Thereby, the hydrolysis reaction of titanium isopropoxide proceeded, and thus a sol solution was obtained. Next, the obtained sol solution was put in a titanium autoclave and subjected to heat treatment at 230 ° C. for 11 hours. Thereby, titanium oxide particles grew. Thereafter, ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 minutes.

(Preparation of colloidal solution II)
The sol solution obtained when preparing the colloidal solution I was put in a titanium autoclave and heat-treated at 210 ° C. for 17 hours. Thereby, titanium oxide particles having an anatase type crystal structure were grown. Thereafter, ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 minutes.

  Subsequently, using a mask on which a predetermined pattern is formed and a vapor deposition apparatus (model number “EVD500A” manufactured by Anelva Co., Ltd.), the upper surface of the porous insulating layer is made of Pt at a vapor deposition rate of 4 Å / s. A catalyst layer was formed. Thereafter, a counter electrode conductive layer made of titanium on each upper surface of each catalyst layer and each one side surface of the porous insulating layer at a deposition rate of 8 Å / s using a mask having a predetermined pattern and the above-described deposition apparatus. (Thickness is 400 nm).

Each of the laminates thus obtained was immersed in the first dye adsorption solution at room temperature for 100 hours. Thereafter, each of the laminates was washed with ethanol and then dried at about 60 ° C. for about 5 minutes. In this way, the first dye represented by the chemical formula (1) (manufactured by Solaronix, trade name “N719”) was adsorbed to each of the first porous semiconductor layers. Here, in the first dye adsorption solution, the first dye is dissolved in a mixed solvent of acetonitrile and t-butanol having a volume ratio of 1: 1, and the concentration of the first dye in the first dye adsorption solution. Was 4 × 10 ⁻⁴ mol / liter.

  Subsequently, a transparent electrode substrate on which the laminate is formed and a supporting substrate made of glass using a heat-sealing film (DuPont's product name “HIMILAN 1855”) cut into a shape surrounding each periphery of the laminate. And pasted together. Then, it heated for 10 minutes in the oven set to about 100 degreeC. In this way, the heat-sealing film was melted to form a sealing member, and the melted heat-sealing film, the transparent electrode substrate, and the support substrate were respectively pressure-bonded.

  Next, an electrolytic solution was injected from an injection hole previously formed in the support substrate. When the electrolyte solution is filled in the region surrounded by the transparent electrode substrate, the support substrate, and the sealing member, the injection hole is sealed using an ultraviolet curable resin (manufactured by Three Bond Co., Ltd., model number “31X-101”). Stopped. In this way, a solar cell module α was obtained.

An electrolytic solution was prepared according to the following method. LiI (Aldrich, redox species) is dissolved in acetonitrile (solvent) to a concentration of 0.1 mol / liter, and I ₂ (Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) is dissolved to a concentration of 0.01 mol / liter. Manufactured, redox species). Furthermore, t-butylpyridine (manufactured by Aldrich, additive) is dissolved in the above acetonitrile so that the concentration becomes 0.5 mol / liter, and dimethylpropylimidazole is obtained so that the concentration becomes 0.6 mol / liter. Iodide (manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was dissolved. In this way, an electrolytic solution was obtained.

(Manufacture of solar cell module β)
According to the method for manufacturing the solar cell module α described above, except that the second dye represented by the chemical formula (2) (trade name “Black Dye”, manufactured by Solaronix) was used as the dye, the solar cell module β Manufactured.

(Measurement of initial operating current and initial operating voltage)
The initial operating current and the initial operating voltage were measured by measuring the IV characteristics.

(Calculation of property retention after one month)
Before installing the solar cell module α, the IV characteristics of the solar cell module α were measured to examine the conversion efficiency of the solar cell module α. The solar cell module α was installed, and one month after the installation, the IV characteristics of the solar cell module α were measured to examine the conversion efficiency of the solar cell module α. The ratio of the conversion efficiency after the installation to the conversion efficiency before the installation was obtained and used as the characteristic retention after one month.

(Examples 1-3)
A first solar cell module and a second solar cell module were produced according to the method described in Comparative Example 1 except that the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer was changed as shown in Table 1.

In Table 1, “operating current ratio ^{* 11} ” in Examples 1 to 3 describes (initial operating current of the second solar cell module) / (initial operating current of the first solar cell module). In addition, the “operating current ratio ^{* 11} ” of Comparative Example 1 describes (initial operating current of solar cell module β) / (initial operating current of solar cell module α).

(Results and discussion)
As shown in Table 1, in any of Examples 1 to 3, the initial operating current of the first solar cell module and the initial operating current of the second solar cell module became the same [0.95 ≦ (second Initial operating current of solar cell module) / (initial operating current of first solar cell module) ≦ 1.05]. Therefore, when the second dye absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the first dye, the initial operation of the first solar cell module is performed if the thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer is smaller than the thickness of the first photoelectric conversion layer. It was found that the current and the initial operating current of the second solar cell module were the same.

[Comparative Example 1 and Examples 4, 5]
A third solar cell module and a fourth solar cell module were manufactured according to the method described in Comparative Example 1 except that the thickness of the counter electrode conductive layer was changed as shown in Table 2.

In Table 2, “operating voltage ratio ^{* 21} ” of Example 4 and Example 5 describes (initial operating voltage of the third solar cell module) / (initial operating voltage of the fourth solar cell module). In addition, the “operating voltage ratio ^{* 21} ” in Comparative Example 1 describes (initial operating voltage of solar cell module α) / (initial operating voltage of solar cell module β).

(Results and discussion)
As shown in Table 2, in any of Examples 4 and 5, the initial operating voltage of the third solar cell module and the initial operating voltage of the fourth solar cell module became the same [0.95 ≦ (third Initial operating voltage of solar cell module) / (Initial operating voltage of fourth solar cell module) ≦ 1.05]. Therefore, when the second dye absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the first dye, if the thickness of the third counter electrode conductive layer is smaller than the thickness of the fourth counter electrode conductive layer, the initial operation of the third solar cell module is performed. It was found that the voltage and the initial operating voltage of the fourth solar cell module were the same.

[Comparative Example 2 and Example 6]
According to the method described in Comparative Example 1 except that the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer and the thickness of the counter electrode conductive layer were changed as shown in Table 3, the fifth solar cell module, the sixth solar cell module, A solar cell module γ and a solar cell module δ were manufactured.

In Table 3, “operating voltage ratio ^{* 31} ” of Example 6 describes (initial operating voltage of sixth solar cell module) / (initial operating voltage of fifth solar cell module). In the “operating voltage ratio ^{* 31} ” of Comparative Example 2, (initial operating voltage of solar cell module δ) / (initial operating voltage of solar cell module γ) is described.

(Results and discussion)
As shown in Table 3, in Example 6, the initial operating voltage of the fifth solar cell module and the initial operating voltage of the sixth solar cell module became the same [0.95 ≦ (the initial of the sixth solar cell module Operating voltage) / (Initial operating voltage of the fifth solar cell module) ≦ 1.05]. Therefore, when the thickness of the sixth photoelectric conversion layer is smaller than the thickness of the fifth photoelectric conversion layer even if the dye material is the same, the thickness of the sixth counter electrode conductive layer is larger than the thickness of the fifth counter electrode conductive layer. If it was small, it turned out that the initial stage operating voltage of a 5th solar cell module and the initial stage operating voltage of a 6th solar cell module become the same.

[Comparative Example 1 and Examples 7 and 8]
According to the method described in Comparative Example 1 except that the layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer and the thickness of the counter electrode conductive layer were changed as shown in Table 4, the third solar cell module and the second solar cell module were Manufactured.

In Table 4, “operating current ratio ^{* 41} ” of Example 7 and Example 8 describes (initial operating current of the second solar cell module) / (initial operating current of the third solar cell module). In addition, in “operating current ratio ^{* 41} ” of Comparative Example 1, (initial operating current of solar cell module β) / (initial operating current of solar cell module α) is described.

In Table 4, “operating voltage ratio ^{* 42} ” in Example 7 and Example 8 indicates (initial operating voltage of the third solar cell module) / (initial operating voltage of the second solar cell module). Yes. In addition, in “operating voltage ratio ^{* 42} ” of Comparative Example 1, (initial operating voltage of solar cell module α) / (initial operating voltage of solar cell module β) is described.

(Results and discussion)
As shown in Table 4, in any of Examples 7 and 8, the initial operating current of the third solar cell module and the initial operating current of the second solar cell module became the same [0.95 ≦ (second Initial operating current of solar cell module) / (initial operating current of third solar cell module) ≦ 1.05]. In addition, the initial operating voltage of the third solar cell module and the initial operating voltage of the second solar cell module are equal [0.95 ≦ (initial operating voltage of the third solar cell module) / (second solar cell module] Initial operating voltage) ≦ 1.05]. Therefore, when the second dye absorbs light having a longer wavelength than the first dye, the thickness of the second photoelectric conversion layer is smaller than the thickness of the third photoelectric conversion layer, and the thickness of the third counter electrode conductive layer. Is smaller than the thickness of the second counter electrode conductive layer, it is found that the initial operating current and the initial operating voltage are the same in the third solar cell module and the second solar cell module.

[Example 9 and Comparative Example 3]
In Example 9, the solar panel shown in FIG. 17A was manufactured using the third solar cell module and the second solar cell module of Example 7. In Comparative Example 3, a solar panel shown in FIG. 17A was manufactured using the solar cell module α and the solar cell module β of Comparative Example 1.

(Results and discussion)
As shown in Table 5, if the solar panel shown in FIG. 17A is manufactured using the third solar cell module and the second solar cell module of Example 7, the solar cell module α and the solar of Comparative Example 1 are manufactured. Compared with the case where the solar panel shown in FIG. 17A was manufactured using the battery module β, the characteristic retention after one month was high. Thereby, the direction of the solar panel manufactured using the third solar cell module and the second solar cell module of Example 7 was manufactured using the solar cell module α and the solar cell module β of Comparative Example 1. It turned out to be more reliable than solar panels.

  It should be understood that the embodiments and examples disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar power generation panel, 3 Inverter, 11 Solar cell module, 11A 1st solar cell module, 11B 2nd solar cell module, 11C 3rd solar cell module, 11D 4th solar cell module, 11E 5th solar cell module, 11F Sixth solar cell module, 101A first dye-sensitized solar cell, 101B second dye-sensitized solar cell, 101C third dye-sensitized solar cell, 101D fourth dye-sensitized solar cell, 101E fifth dye-sensitized solar cell , 101F sixth dye-sensitized solar cell, 111 translucent substrate, 113 transparent conductive layer, 115 separation line, 117A first photoelectric conversion layer, 117B second photoelectric conversion layer, 117C third photoelectric conversion layer, 117D fourth photoelectric Conversion layer, 117E 5th photoelectric conversion layer, 117F 6th photoelectric conversion layer, 119 Layer, 121 catalyst layer, 123A first counter electrode conductive layer, 123B second counter electrode conductive layer, 123C third counter electrode conductive layer, 123D fourth counter electrode conductive layer, 123E fifth counter electrode conductive layer, 123F sixth counter electrode conductive layer, 125 carriers Transport layer, 127 support substrate, 129 sealing member.

Claims (5)

A photovoltaic power generation panel comprising two or more types of solar cell modules in which at least one of the hue of the light receiving surface and the brightness of the light receiving surface is different,
The photovoltaic power generation panel, wherein the maximum value of at least one of the operating current and the operating voltage of the two or more types of solar cell modules is 1.05 times or less of the minimum value. Each of the two or more types of solar cell modules has a photoelectric conversion layer including a porous semiconductor layer and a dye adsorbed on the porous semiconductor layer,
The photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1, wherein in the two or more types of solar cell modules, at least one of a layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer and an internal resistance of the solar cell module is different. Each of the two or more types of solar cell modules has a photoelectric conversion layer including a porous semiconductor layer and a dye adsorbed on the porous semiconductor layer,
The photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the two or more types of solar cell modules, an operating current is adjusted by changing a layer structure of the photoelectric conversion layer.   The photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an operating voltage is adjusted by changing an internal resistance in each of the two or more types of solar cell modules.   The solar panel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of letters, symbols, and figures is formed on the panel surface by arranging a plurality of the two or more types of solar cell modules.

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