JP2016036452A - Ultrasonic diagnostic device, image processing method and image processing program of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultrasonic diagnostic device which can detect the bone surface and articular cavity region highly accurately without pattern matching in an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging a joint portion.SOLUTION: An ultrasonic diagnostic device comprises a component specification part which detects one or more characteristic lines from an ultrasonic image by associating a first specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N (N is an integer equal to or greater than 1) with a second specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N+1 when the luminance of the second specific pixel is larger and the first specific pixel and the second specific pixel come close to each other in the case where the depth direction of a subject substantially vertical to the subject surface is defined as the first direction and the direction orthogonal to the first direction is defined as the second direction in the ultrasonic image, specifies which characteristic line indicates the boundary between the components on the basis of the order in the first direction of the characteristic lines, and specifies a pixel portion indicated by the boundary of each component.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, an ultrasonic image analysis method, and a program thereof for performing ultrasonic diagnosis by bringing an ultrasonic probe that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves into contact with a body surface of a subject, particularly a limb joint. is there.

In recent years, it has become common to use an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus for evaluating the disease activity of arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis. B-mode images and power Doppler images are mainly used to evaluate disease activity. Syndrome thickening, synovial fluid retention, and bone erosion are observed on B-mode images, and inflammation of the synovium is observed on power Doppler images. Can do.
In addition, a method has been proposed in which these disease activities are determined by grade using ultrasonic images. When the degree of inflammation is graded using a power Doppler image, the grade is determined based on how much the observed blood flow signal occupies the thickened synovial region.

  In order to objectively quantify the disease activity from the findings of the ultrasonic image, it is preferable to eliminate the user operation including the subjectivity of the examiner as much as possible, and to quantify according to a certain standard. For example, in Non-Patent Document 1, a joint space including a thickened synovium can be traced freehand on an ultrasound image, and the occupancy rate of a blood flow signal in the traced region can be calculated as a quantitative evaluation value. Proposed. However, when the examiner traces the joint cavity freehand, the trace result varies depending on the examiner even if the joint cavity is traced from the same ultrasonic image, and also when the same examiner traces the joint cavity. . As a result, the quantified blood flow signal occupancy varies depending on the subjectivity of the examiner.

  In order to solve the above problems, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method for objectively quantifying disease activity by identifying a bone surface and then cutting out a joint cavity region and analyzing the joint cavity region. . According to this method, not only the examiner's subjectivity is excluded, but also not only blood flow signals but also image findings such as destruction of bone cortex, joint narrowing due to cartilage damage, joint capsule extension due to synovial thickening, etc. It can be quantitatively evaluated.

JP 2013-056156 A

Takao Koike, “New medical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis using ultrasonography”, P40-43, Medical Review, March 10, 2010

  However, in order to more objectively quantify disease activity, it is important to improve the detection accuracy of components of joint sites such as bone surfaces and joint cavity regions. Conventionally, the detection of such a boundary between components uses an edge detection technique that sets a threshold value for luminance and uses differentiation or secondary differentiation in a direction substantially orthogonal to the boundary of the component with respect to luminance. ing. However, in such a method, in a place where there are a large number of components, such as a joint part, a plurality of boundaries are acquired as a single line drawing, so in order to specify each component It is necessary to determine which component boundary each edge corresponds to by performing pattern matching or the like. For this reason, an appropriate pattern does not necessarily exist, and a situation in which a component cannot be specified or a misrecognition of a boundary position between the component and another component may occur.

  An object of this invention is to provide the ultrasonic diagnosing device which can pinpoint each component which comprises a joint site | part correctly.

  An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that identifies an image portion indicating a component of a joint part from an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part, and acquires an ultrasonic image. An image processing circuit for specifying the image portion, and the image processing circuit includes an ultrasonic image acquisition unit that acquires an ultrasonic image, and a depth of the subject substantially perpendicular to the subject surface in the ultrasonic image. A first specific pixel in which a pixel position in the second direction is N (N is an integer equal to or greater than 1), where the direction is a first direction and a direction orthogonal to the first direction is a second direction; Associating the second specific pixel whose pixel position in the direction is N + 1 with respect to the second direction when the luminance of the second specific pixel is large and the first specific pixel and the second specific pixel are close to each other The ultrasonic image can be obtained by performing at all pixel positions of One or more feature lines are detected, and which one of the feature lines indicates the boundary between the component elements is identified based on the order of the feature lines in the first direction, and the boundary of each component element is indicated And a component specifying unit that specifies an image portion.

  According to the above configuration, the feature lines indicating the boundaries of the component elements can be detected in an independent format, so that there is no need for pattern matching for associating a set of a plurality of feature lines with the boundaries of the component elements. Therefore, the boundary line of the component corresponds to one of the feature lines, and the boundary between the component and the other component can be accurately detected regardless of the shape of the feature line. In addition, even if the shape of the image part showing the joint part is significantly different from the shape of the image showing the general joint part, the order of the constituent elements in the depth direction does not change, so the constituent elements are mistaken. Therefore, each component can be accurately specified.

1 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment. The figure which showed the outline of the joint. (A) The figure which shows an example of the ultrasonic image which imaged the joint. (B) The figure which shows an example of the ultrasonic image which imaged the joint which suffered from rheumatism. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the ultrasonic diagnosing device which concerns on embodiment. The flowchart which shows the specific operation | movement of the component in the ultrasound diagnosing device which concerns on embodiment. (A) The figure which shows the bone surface in the ultrasonic image which imaged the joint. (B) The figure which shows the classification | category of the edge in the ultrasonic image which imaged the joint. The flowchart which shows the operation | movement of the edge detection using the dynamic programming which concerns on embodiment. (A) The figure which shows the edge detected in the ultrasonic image which imaged the joint. (B) The figure which shows an example of the edge detection using the dynamic programming which concerns on embodiment. (C) Example of Value value in edge detection using dynamic programming according to the embodiment. (D) The figure which shows an example of the edge detection using the dynamic programming which concerns on embodiment. (E) Example of Value value in edge detection using the dynamic programming according to the embodiment. The flowchart which shows the classification | category operation | movement of the edge which concerns on embodiment. (A) The figure which shows an example of specific of the synovium which concerns on embodiment. (B) The figure which shows an example of specific of the synovium which concerns on embodiment. The figure which shows the edge of the bone surface in an ultrasonic image. (A) The figure which shows an example of specification of the joint which concerns on embodiment. (B) The figure which shows an example of specification of the joint which concerns on embodiment. The figure which shows an example of specification of the joint capsule which concerns on embodiment. The flowchart which shows the quantification operation | movement of the disease activity in the ultrasound diagnosing device which concerns on embodiment. The figure which shows the bone erosion in the ultrasonic image which imaged the joint. (A) The figure which shows the detection of the bone erosion which concerns on embodiment. (B) The conceptual diagram of the first-order difference used for the detection of bone erosion. (C) The figure which shows the operation | movement of a bone erosion detection. (A) The figure which shows quantification of the bone surface which concerns on embodiment. (B) The figure which shows quantification of the bone surface which concerns on embodiment. (A) The figure which shows quantification of the bone surface which concerns on embodiment. (B) The figure which shows quantification of the bone erosion which concerns on embodiment. (A) The figure which shows an example of quantification of the joint capsule which concerns on embodiment. (B) The figure which shows an example of quantification of the joint capsule which concerns on embodiment. (A) The figure which shows an example of specification of the joint cavity area | region which concerns on a modification. (B) The figure which shows an example of specification of the joint cavity area | region which concerns on a modification. (C) The figure which shows an example of specification of the joint cavity area | region which concerns on a modification. (A) The figure which shows an example of quantification of the joint cavity area | region which concerns on embodiment. (B) The figure which shows an example of quantification of the joint cavity area | region which concerns on embodiment. The figure which shows an example of quantification of the joint cavity area | region which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 includes an ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21, an ultrasonic image generation unit 22, a storage unit 23, an edge detection unit 24, a component identification unit 25, a pathological condition analysis unit 26, a control unit 27, and a screen generation unit 28. . The ultrasonic image generation unit 22, the storage unit 23, the edge detection unit 24, and the component specifying unit 25 are configured as a one-block circuit as an image processing circuit. The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21, the pathological condition analysis unit 26, the control unit 27, and the screen generation unit 28 are configured as a circuit different from the image processing circuit. These may be the internal configuration of the image processing circuit as necessary. The ultrasonic probe 11, the input unit 31, and the display unit 32 are configured to be connected to the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 from the outside. These may be included in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 as necessary.

  The ultrasonic probe 11 is a linear probe including a vibration element array in which vibration elements made of PZT (lead zirconate titanate) or the like are arranged in a line. The ultrasonic probe 11 converts the ultrasonic transmission signal generated by the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21 into a transmission ultrasonic wave and sends it to the subject. The transmitted transmission ultrasonic wave is reflected at a portion where there is a difference in acoustic impedance between the components of the joint site in the living body that is the subject. At this time, the greater the difference in acoustic impedance, the greater the energy of the reflected ultrasonic waves.

  The reflected ultrasonic waves that have been reflected are received by the ultrasonic probe 11. The ultrasonic wave received by the ultrasonic probe 11 is input to the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21 as an ultrasonic reception signal. The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21 performs beam forming by phasing addition, and uses the ultrasonic reception signal after phasing addition as an acoustic line signal, and an ultrasonic image generation unit in units of scanning lines related to one transmission / reception of ultrasonic waves. 22 to output.

The ultrasonic image generation unit 22 aggregates the acoustic line signals input from the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21, performs envelope detection, logarithmic compression, and the like to convert to luminance data, and orthogonalizes the position and depth of the scanning line. Convert to coordinates to generate an ultrasound image. The ultrasonic image generated by the ultrasonic image generation unit 22 is temporarily stored in the storage unit 23.
The storage unit 23 is a storage device that temporarily stores an ultrasound image, component element specific information described later, and disease activity, and includes, for example, a RAM, a flash memory, a hard disk drive, and the like.

The input unit 31 is a configuration for an inspector to input an inspector name, a patient name, and setting information of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and includes an input device such as a keyboard, a trackball, and a pen tablet. Further, for example, a touch panel integrated with a display unit 32 described later may be used.
The edge detection unit 24 reads the ultrasonic image stored in the storage unit 23 and detects an edge in the image. The detected edge is used to identify an image portion (hereinafter simply referred to as “component”) indicating a component of the joint part from the ultrasonic image.

The component specifying unit 25 specifies each component in the ultrasonic image using the edge detected by the edge detection unit 24. Specifically, from an ultrasound image obtained by imaging a joint portion, image portions indicating bone surfaces, joint positions, joint cavity regions, and synovial membranes (hereinafter referred to simply as “bone surfaces”, “joint positions”, “ “Joint cavity area” and “synovial membrane”).
The pathological condition analysis unit 26 analyzes each structural element of the ultrasonic image specified by the structural element specifying part 25 and quantitatively evaluates the disease activity of the pathological condition of rheumatism.

The control unit 27 holds the setting information input by the user via the input unit 31 in association with the ultrasonic image stored in the storage unit 23. In addition, each component of the ultrasound image specified by the component specifying unit 25 and the evaluation result of the disease activity by the pathological condition analysis unit 26 are acquired and notified to the screen generation unit 28 together with the setting information.
The screen generation unit 28 reads out an ultrasonic image stored in the storage unit 23. In addition, the screen generation unit 28 controls the examiner name, patient name, time information, setting information of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus input from the input unit 31, and the evaluation result of the disease activity by the pathological condition analysis unit 26. Are superimposed on the read ultrasonic image and output to the display unit 32.

The display unit 32 is a monitor that presents the image generated by the screen generation unit 28 to the examiner, and is a liquid crystal display, for example.
For example, the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21, the ultrasonic image generation unit 22, the edge detection unit 24, the component specifying unit 25, the pathological condition analysis unit 26, the control unit 27, and the screen generation unit 28 each include, for example, a memory and a CPU (Central Processing Unit). ) And GPU (Graphic Processing Unit), or hardware such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit).

<Measurement target>
The main subject to be measured in the present embodiment is a joint. FIG. 2 shows an outline of a finger joint as an example of a joint. As shown in FIG. 2, the joint includes a bone 111, a bone 121, a cartilage 112, a cartilage 122, a synovial membrane 130, and a joint capsule 140. A cartilage 112 and a cartilage 122 are attached to the distal ends of the bone 111 and the bone 121, respectively, and a synovial membrane 130 exists so as to wrap the cartilage 112 and the cartilage 122. Further, the joint capsule 140 is attached to the bone 111 and the bone 121 so as to surround the synovium 130.

For example, when rheumatoid arthritis progresses, thickening of the synovium 130, accumulation of joint fluid in the synovium 130, and bone erosion due to destruction of the bone cortex are confirmed. Furthermore, the joint gap is narrowed by the destruction of the cartilage 112 and the cartilage 122, and the joint is stiffened. In many cases, the growth of angiogenesis is confirmed within the synovium 130.
With reference to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging a joint and a pathological condition of rheumatoid arthritis will be described.

  FIG. 3A is an ultrasound image obtained by imaging a joint that does not suffer from rheumatoid arthritis. In the ultrasonic image, a bone surface 201, a bone surface 202, skin 203, a tendon 204, and a joint capsule 205 are drawn. Since the bone surface 201, the bone surface 202, and the skin 203 are relatively hard components, they are drawn with high luminance even on an ultrasonic image. A region surrounded by the bone surface 201, the bone surface 202, and the joint capsule 205 is a joint cavity region 206.

  Since most of the ultrasonic waves that reach the bone 111 and the bone 112 are reflected on the bone surface, the inside of the bone is hardly drawn, and only the bone surface is drawn with high luminance. The tendon 204 and the joint capsule 205 are drawn with lower brightness than the bone surface 201, the bone surface 202, and the skin 203. Further, the synovium 130 has a lower luminance than the tendon 204 and the joint capsule 205, and the cartilage 112 and the cartilage 122 have almost no luminance value. Therefore, in the ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part, the tendon 204 and the joint capsule 205 are drawn with relatively high luminance in addition to the skin 203, the bone surface 201, and the bone surface 202.

  On the other hand, FIG. 3B is an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging a joint affected by rheumatoid arthritis. As the activity of the rheumatic disease progresses, the synovial membrane 130 becomes thicker, so that the joint capsule 140 surrounding the synovial membrane 130 also enlarges. Therefore, enlargement of the joint capsule 205 is confirmed in the ultrasonic image. In addition, destruction of the bone cortex appears in the ultrasound image findings as bone erosion 207. Furthermore, a blood flow signal 208 resulting from angiogenesis is observed inside the joint cavity region 206.

<Operation>
An operation of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20.
First, an ultrasonic image is acquired (step S101). Specifically, the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21 transmits an ultrasonic transmission signal to the ultrasonic probe 11, and the ultrasonic probe 11 converts the ultrasonic transmission signal into a transmission ultrasonic wave and transmits the transmission ultrasonic wave to the subject. The ultrasonic probe 11 converts the reflected ultrasonic wave reflected from the subject into an ultrasonic reception signal and sends it to the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21. The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 21 performs beam forming by phasing addition on the ultrasonic reception signal, and outputs an acoustic line signal to the ultrasonic image generation unit 22. The ultrasonic image generation unit 22 performs envelope detection, logarithmic compression, and the like on the acoustic line signal to convert it to luminance data, and also converts the position and depth of the scanning line into orthogonal coordinates, and converts the ultrasonic image to Generate. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the ultrasound image is a B-mode image, but the ultrasound image is not limited to the B-mode image, and any image generated using ultrasound, such as an M-mode image or a power Doppler image. It may be. The ultrasonic image generated by the ultrasonic image generation unit 22 is stored in the storage unit 23.

Next, the component is specified from the ultrasonic image (step S200). By this operation, the bone surface, the synovium, and the epiphysis, joint position, joint capsule, and joint cavity region are specified from the ultrasound image. Information on each identified component is stored in the storage unit 23. Details will be described later.
Next, disease activity is quantified (step S300). Disease activity is an index that indicates the presence or absence of a joint disease such as rheumatoid arthritis and the degree of progression of the disease, such as synovial and joint capsule thickening, bone surface smoothness, joints , The presence or absence of blood flow in the joint cavity region, and the range thereof. By quantifying the disease activity, it is possible to objectively evaluate the presence / absence and progression of the joint disease, the progress of the disease in a predetermined period, etc., and perform accurate care for the subject. This action quantifies the disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis in the identified bone surface, synovium, joint, joint capsule, joint space region. The quantified information on each disease activity is stored in the storage unit 23. Details will be described later.

Finally, an image is generated and output to the display unit 32 (step S102). Specifically, in the ultrasonic image stored in the storage unit 23, the examiner name, patient name, time information, setting information of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus input from the input unit 31, and the disease by the pathological condition analysis unit 26 The result of activity evaluation is superimposed and output to the display unit 32.
<Identification of component>
The identification of the components in step S200 described above will be described in detail. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a component specifying operation.

  In the ultrasonic image according to the present embodiment, the depth direction is the y-axis, and the direction orthogonal to the y-axis, that is, the direction substantially parallel to the skin is the x-axis. Further, the upper left end of the ultrasonic image is the origin, the x-axis is the coordinate value increasing from the left side to the right side of the ultrasonic image, and the y-axis is the coordinate from the upper side to the lower side of the ultrasonic image. Assume that the value increases. That is, the side closer to the skin is the upper side, and the side far from the skin is the lower side. Hereinafter, the deep side is sometimes referred to as the bottom, and the shallow side is sometimes referred to as the top.

  As described above, the energy of reflected ultrasound increases as the difference in acoustic impedance between components in the subject increases. Therefore, there is a high possibility that a linear region having high luminance in the ultrasonic image indicates a boundary between constituent elements. In addition, as described above, the bone surface is depicted with high brightness, and the region deeper than the bone surface (inside the bone) has almost no brightness. In addition, it is efficient to search for the boundary of other components on the shallow side. FIG. 6A shows a linear area with high luminance extracted from an image obtained by imaging a joint area, and the bone surface 301 and the bone surface 302 are specified in this order. In FIG. 6A, edges other than the bone surfaces 301 and 302 are indicated by broken lines.

First, the edge detection unit 24 performs edge enhancement processing (step S201). Specifically, an edge is extracted from an ultrasonic image, here, a B-mode image, and the extracted edge image and the original B-mode image are synthesized. In this way, the original B-mode image performs interpolation even when incomplete edge extraction is performed, for example, when one of the component boundaries is extracted as two independent edges. Edges (characteristic lines) detected in the detection are not interrupted. The edge extraction method used here is a binarization process using a Sobel filter, a secondary differentiation method, a representative value of the luminance value of the bone surface set in advance, or a value input by the examiner via the input unit 31 as a threshold value. , A Sobel operator, a Laplacian filter or the like to extract a strong edge from a differential image, and a Canny method to extract continuous edges. For example, when a primary differential image is created using the Sobel operator, the differential coefficient of the operator is expressed by the following formula [Equation 1] so that an edge having intensity in the horizontal direction is emphasized with respect to the ultrasonic image. Set as _y . L _{y in} Expression [1] is a differential coefficient for emphasizing the luminance change in the direction from the top to the bottom of the image, and an edge extending in the horizontal direction of the image can be extracted.

Next, the edge detection unit 24 detects an edge by dynamic programming (step S202). The edge to be detected here is a boundary line of a component in a joint part as a subject or a characteristic line indicating a fiber of a fibrous tissue, and has the highest luminance unlike the edge extracted by the edge enhancement described above. Not necessarily a place. Details of the operation are shown in the flowchart of FIG.

First, the edge detection unit 24 acquires a luminance value for all pixels having an x coordinate of 1 (step S401) (step S402). Next, for the acquired luminance value, pixels having a maximum value (peak) in the y-axis direction are extracted, and these pixels are held as search start points (step S403). Hereinafter, the coordinates of _j search start points (j is an integer equal to or greater than 1) are expressed as (1, y _j ).

  Next, the pixel which comprises the same edge is searched for each search start point. Specifically, first, for all the pixels whose x coordinate is increased by 1 and whose x coordinate is 2 (step S404), the corresponding points are searched for each of the search start points. Specifically, the luminance values of all the pixels whose x coordinate is 2 are acquired (S406). Based on the following equation [Equation 2], the pixel having the minimum value Value is searched for among all the pixels having the x coordinate of 2.

Here, L (x, y) is the luminance value of the pixel at coordinates (x, y). The coefficients m and n satisfy the relationship of n>0> m.
Specifically, first, it is determined whether or not the value is below a predetermined threshold Th (step S407). This is because when | y−y _j | is extremely large, that is, when the y coordinate is greatly different, it cannot be regarded as a continuous edge. Note that this determination may be made based on whether or not | y−y _j | is below a predetermined threshold, rather than whether or not Value is below the threshold Th. Next, for a pixel whose Value is below a predetermined threshold Th, a pixel having the minimum Value is specified. Specifically, it is determined whether or not the value is below the minimum value Min (step S408). If the value is below, the y coordinate is stored in the variable p, and the value is set as a new minimum value Min (step S409). ). Note that the initial value of the minimum value Min may be the same as the threshold Th, and if the minimum value Min is undefined, Step S408 may be determined as Yes.

Since the processing of steps S407 to S409 is performed for all the pixels whose x coordinate is 2, these processings are performed until the coordinate (2, y) reaches the lower end of the ultrasonic image (step S410). Repeatedly adding one by one (step S411).
In this way, when there are one or more coordinates where Value is lower than the predetermined threshold Th (Yes in step S407), the y coordinate at which Value is the minimum value is the variable p, and the Value value at that time is It is stored in the minimum value Min. Therefore, when a value is stored in the variable p (Yes in Step S412), (x, p) is associated with the search start point (1, y _j ) as the next point constituting the edge, Let (x, p) be a new search start point (step S413). On the other hand, if there is no coordinate whose Value is lower than the predetermined threshold Th (Yes in Step S407), no value is stored in the variable p (No in Step S412). In this case, the edge is (x− 1, y _j ) (step S414).

  By repeatedly executing the processing of steps S407 to S414 for all search start points (steps S415 and S416), if there are corresponding points for all of the search start points of x-coordinate x-1 (= 1). It can be set as a new search start point, and if there is no corresponding point, it can be determined that the edge has ended. In addition, when a single corresponding point of x coordinate x (= 2) corresponds from a plurality of search start points of x coordinate x-1 (= 1), an edge other than the combination having the smallest Value value May end with a single corresponding point of x-coordinate x (= 2), or other corresponding points may be searched for the combination as invalid.

Next, the luminance values are acquired for all the pixels whose x-coordinate is 2, the coordinates having the maximum value in the y-axis direction are extracted, and each coordinate is added to the search start point (x, y _j ). (Step S417). At this time, the points that have already been specified as new search start points in step S413 are duplicated and are not added. As a result, (1) the point corresponding to (x−1, y _j ) identified in step S413, (2) the point other than (1) that is the maximum value in the direction of the y-axis, are new. Set as search start point.

  The process of steps S404 to S417 is repeatedly executed for a new search start point (step S418). By doing in this way, the presence or absence of the corresponding point of x = 3 and the setting of the search start point of x = 3 are performed with respect to the search start point of x = 2. By repeatedly executing this process until reaching the right edge of the screen, an edge substantially parallel to the y-axis can be detected efficiently and with a few misidentifications. For example, a high-intensity noise that overlaps an edge may be misrecognized as an edge, or an edge interrupted at the center of an ultrasound image and another edge on the shallow side may be misrecognized as a single edge. Can be prevented. By repeating this process, for example, as shown in FIG. 8A, it is possible to detect the boundary of the component that is assumed to be the bone surface.

  FIGS. 8B and 8D show the relationship between the luminance value of the pixel and the detected edge. FIG. 8B shows the relationship between each pixel and the luminance value in the region A in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8D shows the region B in FIG. Here, m = -1, n = 20, and Th = -20. In FIG. 8B, an edge 501 and an edge 502 are detected. If the maximum value of the luminance value is detected along the y-axis, (4, 1) and (4, 2) are detected at x = 4, so (3, 2) and (4, 1) May correspond, and (3, 6) and (4, 2) may be misunderstood. However, in the method according to the present embodiment, since the difference in the y-coordinate is taken into consideration, (4, 2) is not mistaken for part of the edge 502 at the edge 502. FIG. 8C shows the value when the search start point is (3, 6). The value of (4, 2) is −20, and the value of (4, 6) is −70. Therefore, (3, 6) and (4, 6) are associated, and (3, 6) and (4, 2) are not associated.

  In FIG. 8D, edges 503 to 506 are detected. Here, for the edge 504, as in FIG. 8B, (5, 2), (5, 10), etc. are not misidentified as being part of the edge, and the edge can be detected correctly. FIG. 8E shows value values when (4, 6) is set as the search start point. Since the value values are all equal to or greater than the threshold value Th (= −20), (4, 6) and There is no corresponding pixel. Therefore, it is correctly recognized that the edge 504 is interrupted at (4, 6), and the situation where the edge 503 and the edge 506 are integrated does not occur. In addition, since there is one corresponding point for the search start point, the value from (4, 12) to (5, 12) is not erroneously recognized as one edge that branches the edges 505 and 506. Since it becomes −70, a part (4, 12) to (5, 12) in which the brightness of the edge 505 is partially low is not detected. Therefore, the edge 505 and the edge 506 can correctly recognize that the edge 506 is close to the edge 505.

  Returning to FIG. Next, the component identifying unit 25 detects the bone surface by classifying the detected edges (step S203). FIG. 6B shows a state where the detected edges are classified into a skin segment 303, a tendon segment 304, and a bone segment 305. Anatomically, it is known that the skin is at the shallowest position, the bone surface is at the deepest position, and there are tendons and joint capsules between them. For example, on images such as K-means and mean-shift The edge detected in step S202 can be classified into segments by the method of classifying edges that are close to each other into the same segment. Thereby, it can be detected that the edge included in the bone segment 305 is the bone surface.

  Specifically, the operation is as shown in the flowchart of FIG. First, it is determined whether or not the edge of the shallow region is from the left end to the right end of the ultrasonic image (step S502), and if it is affirmative, it is classified as a skin segment (step S503). . On the other hand, with respect to the edge of the deep region (step S504), whether or not there are two edges and the facing part faces downward (step S505), and whether the luminance under the edge is low (step S506). If both are positive, it is classified as a bone segment (step S507). On the other hand, edges existing between the deep region and the shallow region, edges existing in the shallow region but not the skin segment, and edges existing in the deep region but not the bone segment are classified as tendon segments (step S509).

As a result, the boundary of the components of the joint part is accurately detected as any edge, and those edges are classified as either bone surface, skin, joint capsule or muscle fiber or tendon. .
<Identification of other components>
Returning to FIG. Next, the component specifying unit 25 detects the synovium based on the luminance value (step S204). FIGS. 10A and 10B are diagrams showing a synovial membrane detection process. The edge 452 in FIG. 10A is the detected bone surface. The component specifying unit 25 acquires a luminance value for each pixel from the upper end of the ultrasound image to the bone surface at each x-coordinate, and detects whether or not it is a synovial membrane. For example, pixels on the straight line 451 of the x = x _k, or tendons and muscle fibers are classified into or synovium. Specifically, the luminance value and depth are based on two factors: (1) the synovial membrane is deeper than muscle fibers, etc., and (2) the luminance of the synovial membrane is lower than the luminance of muscle fibers. Then, the pixels are classified into two groups. By performing the above processing for all the x coordinates, a region where the synovial membrane exists can be detected. FIG. 10B shows a synovial region 481 detected on the ultrasonic image.

Returning to FIG. Next, a joint, a bone tip, and a joint cavity region are specified from the bone surface (step S204), and each detection method will be described below.
The joint is detected as follows. FIG. 11 shows the detected bone surfaces 301 and 302. It can be determined that the joint is a torn portion where the bone surface 301 and the bone surface 302 are not continuous (step S508 in FIG. 9). It should be noted that two joint positions 381 and 382 may be specified for the two bone surfaces 301 and 302 as shown in FIG. 12 (a), or two bones from the entire joint as shown in FIG. 12 (b). The joint position 383 including the surface may be specified.

The epiphysis is detected as follows. First, the detection result of the bone surface is flattened. Next, the curvature at each point on the bone surface is calculated. Finally, a point where the curvature of the bone surface is positive and has a convex shape is defined as a bone end. Since there is a bone tip for each bone, the same processing is performed on the bone surface 302 to detect the bone tip. In FIG. 11, the portion surrounded by a circle is the epiphysis.
The joint capsule is detected as follows. FIG. 13 shows edges existing at positions shallower than the bone surfaces 301 and 302 and the joint on the ultrasonic image. Each of the edges 391 and 394 is an edge located at a position shallower than the joint cavity region and the bone surfaces 301 and 302. In terms of anatomy, the joint capsule 140 is in contact with the bones 111 and 121 as shown in FIG. 2, and therefore the joint capsule is in contact with the bone surfaces 301 and 302 in the ultrasonic image. Furthermore, the joint cavity region has low brightness, and the joint capsule and the bone surface have high brightness. Therefore, among the edges detected in step S202, an edge that is in contact with the bone surfaces 301 and 302 and has a low brightness in the area surrounded by the edges and the bone surfaces 301 and 302 can be specified as a joint capsule. In FIG. 13, a joint capsule 394 that is in contact with the bone surface 301 at the point 392 and in contact with the bone surface 302 at the point 393 is detected. Specifically, as in step S509 and subsequent steps in the flowchart of FIG. 9, whether or not both ends of the edge classified as a tendon segment are in contact with the bone surfaces 301 and 302 (step 510), and the edge and bone. It is determined whether or not the region surrounded by the surfaces 301 and 302 has low luminance (step S511). If both are positive, the edge is determined to be a joint capsule (step S512). If either is negative, it is determined that the edge is a muscle fiber (step S513).

When the joint capsule is specified, the bone surfaces 301 and 302, the region surrounded by the joint capsule, and the low luminance region can be specified as the joint cavity region.
<Quantification of disease activity>
The quantification of disease activity in step S300 will be described in detail. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing quantification of disease activity.

≪Quantification of bone surface≫
First, the pathological condition analysis unit quantifies the bone surface (step S301). As the rheumatic symptoms progress, bone erosion 311 is observed on the bone surface 301 as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to extract the bone erosion from the bone surface 301 and quantitatively evaluate the progress of the bone erosion.

  First, the bone erosion 311 is extracted. The bone erosion 311 can be extracted as a point where the bone surface has an extreme value. As shown in FIG. 16A, the bone surface 321 where the bone erosion exists is deformed into a concave shape. This dent is detected as an extreme value on the bone surface. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16B, the first-order difference of the bone surface in each of the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction in the ultrasonic image, that is, the i-th pixel 325 adjacent on the bone surface, The difference between the coordinate positions of the (i + 1) th pixel 326 on the x-axis and y-axis is calculated, and the extreme value is detected. More specifically, it is calculated by the formula [Equation 3].

First, the first-order difference of the bone surface 321 is calculated from the origin side of the x axis. At the extreme value 322, the value of the first-order difference in the x-axis direction greatly decreases at the boundary of the pixel having the extreme value 322, and returns to the original value at the pixel 323. Further, the sign of the first-order difference in the y-axis direction is inverted from minus to plus at the boundary of the pixel 323, and is inverted again from plus to minus around the extreme value 324. When the first-order difference value greatly fluctuates or there are a plurality of pixels whose signs are inverted in the local region 331, it can be determined that there is bone erosion in the region.

  A method for specifying a local region where bone erosion exists will be described with reference to FIG. First, a first-order pixel difference of the bone surface 321 included in the local region 331 is calculated to determine whether bone erosion is included. Note that the first-order difference of pixels is calculated in both the x-axis and y-axis directions. Next, the local region 331 is moved along the bone surface 321 by a certain distance. By sequentially repeating these two operations, a local region where bone erosion exists can be automatically specified. On the other hand, if the first-order difference is calculated in the same manner for the bone surface where bone erosion does not exist, the first-order difference does not change greatly on both the x-axis and y-axis, and therefore there is no extreme value, so there is no bone erosion. Is automatically determined.

  Next, the detected bone erosion is quantified. As one means of quantification, there is a method of fitting a function and calculating a fitting error. FIG. 17A shows the bone surface 361 and the fitting function 362 when there is bone erosion. On the other hand, FIG. 17B shows the bone surface 363 and the fitting function 364 when there is no bone erosion. As shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, when there is bone erosion, the fitting error, which is the difference between the bone surface and the fitting function, is larger than when there is no bone erosion. Further, as the bone erosion progresses, the smoothness of the bone surface is lost, so that the fitting error is large. Therefore, the fitting error is an index indicating the progress of bone erosion.

  Here, the function used for the fitting is arbitrary, but it is not preferable that the bone erosion part fits the fitting function, and attention should be paid to the selection of the order. If there are multiple bone erosions, the fitting error for each bone erosion may be adopted individually, or the maximum, minimum, total, average, median, etc. The statistic may be calculated.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 18A, a function may be fitted to the entire bone surface. Specifically, it is a method of fitting a function to each of the left and right sides, dividing the left and right from the deepest part of the bone surface or the tearing part (joint position). When fitting a function over the entire bone surface in this way, it is not necessary to detect the position of the bone erosion. FIG. 18A shows a function 371 fitted to the bone surface 365 and a function 372 fitted to the bone surface 366. If there is a bone erosion, the error between the fitted function 371 and the bone surface 365 becomes large. In this case as well, by quantifying the fitting error, the existence of the bone erosion can be known, and the disease activity of rheumatism can be determined. Evaluation is also possible. In this case as well, the function used for the fitting is arbitrary, but it is not preferable that the bone erosion part fits the fitting function, and attention should be paid to the selection of the order.

  Alternatively, bone erosion may be directly quantified. FIG. 18B is a result of fitting an elliptic function 373 to the bone surface 367 determined to be bone erosion. In this case, for example, the fitting function can be determined using a least square method. In this case, as an index for quantification, for example, geometrical quantities of the ellipse such as the area, major axis, minor axis, and eccentricity of the ellipse can be used. In addition, when there are multiple bone erosions, a quantification index may be used for each bone erosion, and the maximum value, minimum value, total value, average value, and median value of the index after quantifying each bone erosion A statistic such as the above may be used.

≪Quantification of synovial membrane≫
Next, the synovium is quantified (step S302). FIG. 10B shows the quantification of the synovium. Here, the detected synovium is shown in a region 481. Here, with respect to the bone ends 308 and 309 detected in step S204, a straight line connecting the bone end 308 and the bone end 309 is a straight line 482, a straight line passing through the bone end 308 and parallel to the y-axis is a straight line 483, and the bone end 309. A straight line passing through and parallel to the y-axis is shown as a straight line 484.

  As described above, the synovium thickens as rheumatoid arthritis progresses. When the synovial membrane is thickened, the synovial membrane is first thickened on the skin side, that is, above the ultrasonic image, and further as the thickening proceeds, the synovial membrane spreads in the left-right direction of the ultrasonic image. Therefore, a state where the synovium does not exceed any of the straight lines 482, 483, and 484 is set as the score GS1. Further, a state where the synovium exceeds the straight line 482 and progresses to the joint information region 485 surrounded by the straight lines 482, 483, and 484 is defined as a score GS2. Furthermore, a state in which the synovial membrane extends beyond the straight lines 483 and 484 and extends to at least one of the region 486 on the left side of the straight line 482 and the region 487 on the right side of the straight line 482 is defined as a score GS3. In addition, although the area | region 481 which shows the synovial membrane shown in FIG.10 (b) has extended to the area | region 485 exceeding the straight line 482, since neither the straight line 483 nor the straight line 484 is exceeded, it is judged as the score GS2. .

≪Quantification of joints≫
Next, the joint is quantified (step S303). Since the cartilage is reduced as the rheumatoid arthritis progresses, the bone 111 and the bone 121 come close to each other as shown in FIG. Therefore, in the ultrasonic image, the joint position interval is narrowed. Therefore, the disease activity of rheumatism can be evaluated by quantifying the interval between joint positions. Specifically, the distance between the joint position 381 and the joint position 382 shown in FIG. 12A or the horizontal distance (difference in x-coordinate) is quantified.

≪Quantification of joint capsule≫
Next, the joint capsule is quantified (step S304). As shown in FIG. 2, the synovial membrane 130 is thickened as the rheumatoid arthritis progresses, so the joint capsule 140 that includes the synovial membrane also develops. Therefore, the edge of the joint capsule is deformed on the ultrasonic image. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the disease activity of rheumatism by quantifying the length, height, width, area, etc. of the joint capsule.

A method for quantifying the length, height, width, and area of the joint capsule will be described with reference to FIGS.
The length of the joint capsule is quantified with the length of the joint capsule edge 394.
The height of the joint capsule is determined from the maximum value 401 at which the y coordinate becomes the smallest at the joint capsule edge 394, to the horizontal line 404 passing through the left end 402 of the joint capsule edge 394 and the horizontal line 405 passing through the right end 403 of the joint capsule edge 394. Are quantified with the length of each of the vertical lines 406, 407 taken perpendicular to each. These two lengths may be used individually, or statistics such as a maximum value, a minimum value, an average value, and a total value may be used. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 19B, the length of a vertical line 412 that is perpendicular to the maximum value 401 of the joint capsule edge 394 with respect to the straight line 411 connecting the left end 402 and the right end 403 of the joint capsule edge 394. The thickness may be quantified as the height of the joint capsule.

The width of the joint capsule is quantified with the horizontal distance 408 (x coordinate difference) between the left end 402 and the right end 403 of the joint capsule or the length of the straight line 411 connecting the left end 402 and the right end 403.
The area of the joint capsule is quantified with the area in the region surrounded by the edge 394 and the straight line 411 of the joint capsule, that is, the number of pixels in the region.
The positions of the left end 402 and the right end 403 of the joint capsule edge 394 are the coordinates detected in step S509, and the maximum value 401 of the joint capsule edge 394 is the smallest y coordinate among the pixels constituting the joint capsule edge 394. However, it may be specified by the user via the input unit 31, for example.

≪Quantification of joint cavity area≫
Next, the joint cavity region is quantified (step S305). The index for quantifying the joint cavity region includes the area, height, width, and angle of the joint cavity region. FIG. 21A shows a joint cavity region 423, a joint cavity region height 431, and a joint cavity region width 432. FIG. 21B shows an arrow 433 from the joint position toward both ends of the joint capsule, and an angle 434 of the joint cavity region.

The area of the joint cavity region is quantified by counting the number of pixels in the joint cavity region 423.
The width of the joint cavity region is quantified by the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the x coordinate in each pixel in the joint cavity region 423, or the difference (horizontal distance) between the x coordinates of the left and right ends of the joint capsule.
The height of the joint cavity region is quantified by the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the y coordinate at each pixel in the joint cavity region 423.

  The angle of the joint cavity region is quantified as an angle 434 formed by two arrows 433 from the center of the joint position to both ends of the joint cavity region. Specifically, the midpoint of the joint positions 381 and 382 specified in step S204 can be used as the center of the joint position. As for both ends of the joint cavity region, both ends of the joint capsule 394 specified in step S204 may be used, and the point where the x coordinate used in the above-described quantification of the width of the joint cavity region is maximum and You may use the coordinate of the pixel in which x coordinate becomes the minimum.

  Further, the joint cavity region may be quantified using a power Doppler image including a blood flow signal. As rheumatoid arthritis progresses, angiogenesis occurs in the synovium, and a blood flow signal is detected in the synovial region. FIG. 22 shows blood flow signals 442, 443, and 444 in a power Doppler image. As an index for quantification, the total area of blood flow signals 442 and 443 observed in the joint cavity region 423, the ratio of the total area of the blood flow signals 442 and 443 to the area of the joint cavity region 423, and a continuous area are measured. And the number of blood flow signals to be transmitted. Since the blood flow signal 444 is outside the joint cavity region 423, it is not targeted for quantification.

  Further, the position of the blood flow signal may be the target of quantification. This is because the blood flow signal is observed above the joint cavity region because the synovial membrane is thickened as the rheumatic condition progresses. First, a straight line that crosses the joint cavity region 423 is defined as a boundary line 441 that divides the joint cavity region 423 upward and downward. The both ends of the boundary line 441 may use both ends of the joint capsule 394 specified in step S204, as in the above-described width and angle of the joint cavity region, or may be used in the above-described quantification of the width of the joint cavity region. The coordinates of the pixel with the maximum x coordinate and the pixel with the minimum x coordinate may be used. Alternatively, the user may input the boundary line 441 via the input unit 31. Next, the blood flow signals are classified into two categories, that is, the blood flow signal 442 above the boundary line 441 and the blood flow signal 443 below, and in each region, the total area of the blood flow signal and the area of the joint cavity region 423 are compared. The ratio of the total area of the blood flow signal and the number of blood flow signals measured as continuous regions are quantified.

  Further, a coefficient may be set for each of the blood flow signals located above and below the boundary line 441 and quantified as a weighted average according to the formula [Equation 4].

Here, ω ₁ is a coefficient given to the blood flow signal located above the boundary line 441, Q ₁ is a quantified value derived from the blood flow signal located above the boundary line 441, and ω ₂ is the boundary line 441. A coefficient Q ₂ given to the blood flow signal located below the blood flow signal is a quantified value derived from the blood flow signal located below the boundary line 441. Q ₁ and Q ₂ are the total area of the blood flow signal located above and below, the ratio of the total area of the blood flow signal to the area of the joint cavity region 423, and the number of blood flow signals measured as a continuous region. It is preferable that the same kind of quantification evaluation value is used for Q ₁ and Q ₂ .

Further, the vertical distance from the boundary line 441 to the position of the blood flow signal may be used for quantification. As shown in FIG. 22, the evaluation value is the length of the vertical line 445 vertically dropped from the blood flow signal 442 to the boundary line 441 and the length of the vertical line 446 vertically dropped from the blood flow signal 443 to the boundary line 441. And At this time, the farther from the boundary line 441, the higher the evaluation value for the blood flow signal located above the boundary line 441, and the farther from the boundary line 441, the blood flow signal located below the boundary line 441. The lower the evaluation value, the lower the evaluation value, and the total evaluation value is used for quantification. Or you may weight using the evaluation value by distance. For example, assuming that the evaluation value based on the distance from the boundary line 441 for each blood flow signal is l _n and the area of the blood flow signal is V _n , the area of the blood flow signal may be weighted according to Equation [5]. Good.

In this case, a quantified value that can comprehensively evaluate the position and area of the blood flow can be defined. Note that the ratio of the total area of the blood flow signal to the area of the joint cavity region 423 and the number of blood flow signals observed as continuous regions may be used for V _n . In addition, a linear distance from the center of the joint position for each blood flow signal may be used for l _n . In this way, the higher the distance from the center of the joint position, the higher the evaluation value, and the lower the distance from the center of the joint position, the lower the evaluation value.

<Summary>
With the above configuration, feature lines indicating the boundaries of the component elements can be detected in an independent manner, and a set of a plurality of feature lines can be associated with the boundaries of the component elements. Therefore, the boundary line of the component, that is, the bone surface, the skin, and the joint cavity correspond to any one of the characteristic lines. Therefore, compared with the case where one edge is detected in a line drawing shape, there is no need for pattern matching. Therefore, it is impossible to make a determination when there is no appropriate comparison pattern, and the boundary is erroneously recognized using an inappropriate comparison pattern. The situation can be prevented. In addition, unlike the case of detecting an edge using only luminance, it is possible to prevent a case where an edge with high luminance is close to another edge or a situation in which an edge is erroneously recognized due to high luminance noise overlapping with the edge.

Furthermore, it does not require many operations such as pattern matching, and is effective in reducing the amount of operations.
Therefore, each constituent element can be detected with high accuracy, and a highly reliable pathological condition can be quantified without depending on the examiner.
<Other Modifications According to Embodiment>
(1) In the embodiment, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 quantifies disease activity for all of the bone surface, synovium, joint, joint capsule, and joint cavity region, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this case. . The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 may quantify only a part of, for example, the bone surface, synovium, joint, joint capsule, and joint cavity region, and the disease activity specified by the user using the input unit 31 Only sex quantification may be performed. Note that it is not always necessary to detect a component that does not need to be specified when quantifying. For example, when the synovial membrane is not quantified, the synovial membrane may not be detected.

Further, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 may perform only the detection of the constituent elements without performing quantification, and cause the external apparatus to perform processing such as quantification.
(2) In the embodiment, the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 20 acquires an ultrasound image using the ultrasound probe 11, and performs component detection and disease activity quantification on the acquired image. The present invention is not necessarily limited to this case. For example, the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 20 stores a plurality of ultrasound images in the storage unit 23, acquires an arbitrary ultrasound image from the storage unit 23, and performs component detection and disease activity quantification. Also good. Or, for example, by acquiring an ultrasonic image from an external storage means such as an external hard disk or an SD card, a memory device such as a network server, NAS (Network Access Storage), etc., detection of components and disease activity Quantification of sex may be performed.

(3) Although the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus 20 detects the joint cavity region 423 by specifying the joint capsule 394 in the embodiment, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this case. For example, when the joint capsule is not quantified, the joint cavity region may be detected directly without detecting the joint capsule using the joint position as follows.
That is, using the fact that the luminance of the joint cavity region is lower than that of the bone surface and joint capsule in the ultrasonic image, the joint cavity region rendered with low luminance is detected by an active contour model, a region expansion method, or the like. As shown in FIG. 20A, using the joint position 381 and the joint position 382 specified in step S205, for example, the initial search point 421 is set upward from the midpoint between the joint position 381 and the joint position 382. Set and iterately enlarge the area drawn with low brightness. FIG. 20B shows an enlarged search area 422. By doing so, the joint cavity region 423 can be detected as shown in FIG. In detection, the bone surfaces 301 and 302 specified in step S205 may be used.

The initial search point 421 is above the midpoint between the joint position 381 and the joint position 382. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the midpoint between the joint position 381 and the joint position 382 may be used. The inspector may perform setting using the input unit 31.
(4) In the embodiment, the processing order of the search start point is not mentioned in steps S405 to S415. For example, the processing may be performed in order from the lower side of the ultrasonic image, or the processing is performed in the order of higher luminance. You may do that. By doing in this way, after extracting the bone surface and skin drawn with high brightness | luminance correctly, a joint capsule etc. can be specified.

(5) In the embodiment, the edge enhancement processing in step S201 is performed before the edge detection in step S202. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this case. For example, the edge enhancement process may not be performed.
Each time one edge is detected in step S202, it is determined in step S205 which component is the boundary of each edge, and after that, the edge detected in step S202 is excluded from the ultrasonic image, and then again. Edge enhancement processing may be performed in step S201, and edge detection may be performed again in step S202. Alternatively, after determining in step S205 which component boundary each edge is, excluding edges other than the specific edge, edge enhancement processing is performed again in step S201, and the specific edge is determined in step S202. May be detected again. In this way, the edge detection accuracy can be further improved.

  (6) In the embodiment, the edge detection unit 24 associates the corresponding point that minimizes the Value value represented by the formula [Equation 2] with the search start point, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this case. Not. The Value value decreases as the brightness of the corresponding point increases, and decreases as the distance between the search start point and the corresponding point decreases, or as the difference between the y coordinates of the search start point and the corresponding point decreases. Any value may be used, for example, a value obtained by dividing the distance between the search start point and the corresponding point by the luminance value.

  (7) In the embodiment, the edge detection unit 24 associates a corresponding start point with a different x coordinate by one search start point of one pixel. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this case. For example, the search start point may be a pixel group of 2 pixels × 2 pixels, and the corresponding point may be a pixel group of the same size as the search start point, where the x coordinate of the upper left pixel in the pixel group is different by 2. At this time, the luminance of the pixel group may be a luminance value of a specific pixel in the pixel group such as the upper left pixel, or a statistical value such as an average value, maximum value, or intermediate value of the luminance of the entire pixel group. Also good. The size of the pixel group is not limited to the size of 2 pixels × 2 pixels, and an arbitrary size such as 4 pixels × 4 pixels, 3 pixels × 2 pixels, or the like may be used as long as the accuracy of edge detection is not affected.

  (8) In the embodiment, the case where the joint cavity region is quantified using the power Doppler image including the blood flow signal has been described. For example, the synovial membrane is illustrated using the power Doppler image including the blood flow signal. Quantification may be performed. That is, the total area of blood flow signals 442 and 443 observed in the synovial region 481, the ratio of the total area of the blood flow signals 442 and 443 to the area of the synovial region 481, blood measured as a continuous region The number of flow signals may be quantified. Moreover, you may quantify using Formula [Formula 4] and Formula [Formula 5]. Since neovascularization due to the progression of rheumatoid arthritis occurs in the synovium, the disease activity can be more accurately evaluated in this way.

  (9) In the embodiment, the edge detection unit 24 searches for the corresponding point in the direction in which the x coordinate value increases from the search start point with the minimum x coordinate, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this case. For example, the corresponding point may be searched in the direction in which the x coordinate value decreases from the search start point with the maximum x coordinate. In addition, corresponding points may be searched for in both the direction in which the x coordinate value increases and the direction in which the x coordinate value increases with respect to the search start point. In this case, an edge that folds back in the x-axis direction can be detected. . In such a case, instead of detecting whether or not the value of the first-order difference in the x-axis direction varies greatly in detecting bone erosion, it is detected whether or not the sign of the first-order difference in the x-axis direction changes. May be.

  (10) The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the embodiment and each modified example may be realized in whole or in part by an integrated circuit of one chip or a plurality of chips, or by a computer program. It may be implemented in any other form. For example, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus may be realized by one chip, only the image generation unit may be realized by one chip, and the component specifying unit and the like may be realized by another chip.

When realized by an integrated circuit, it is typically realized as an LSI (Large Scale Integration). The name used here is LSI, but it may also be called IC, system LSI, super LSI, or ultra LSI depending on the degree of integration.
Further, the method of circuit integration is not limited to LSI's, and implementation using dedicated circuitry or general purpose processors is also possible. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) that can be programmed after manufacturing the LSI or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and setting of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.

Further, if integrated circuit technology comes out to replace LSI's as a result of the advancement of semiconductor technology or a derivative other technology, it is naturally also possible to carry out function block integration using this technology.
Moreover, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to each embodiment and each modification may be realized by a program written in a storage medium and a computer that reads and executes the program. The storage medium may be any recording medium such as a memory card or a CD-ROM. Further, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention may be realized by a program downloaded via a network and a computer that downloads and executes the program from the network.

  (11) Each of the embodiments described above shows a preferred specific example of the present invention. The numerical values, shapes, materials, constituent elements, arrangement positions and connection forms of the constituent elements, steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, among the constituent elements in the embodiment, steps that are not described in the independent claims indicating the highest concept of the present invention are described as arbitrary constituent elements constituting a more preferable form.

Further, for easy understanding of the invention, the scales of the components shown in the above-described embodiments may be different from actual ones. The present invention is not limited by the description of each of the above embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Furthermore, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, there are members such as circuit components and lead wires on the substrate, but various modes can be implemented based on ordinary knowledge in the technical field regarding electrical wiring and electrical circuits. Since it is not directly relevant to the description of the present invention, the description is omitted. Each figure shown above is a schematic diagram, and is not necessarily illustrated strictly.

<Supplement>
Hereinafter, the configuration and effect of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, the image processing method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, and the image processing program according to the embodiment will be described.
(1) An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment is an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that identifies an image portion indicating a component of a joint part from an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part, and acquires an ultrasonic image An image processing circuit for specifying the image portion, and the image processing circuit includes an ultrasonic image acquisition unit that acquires an ultrasonic image, and a depth of the subject substantially perpendicular to the subject surface in the ultrasonic image. A first specific pixel in which a pixel position in the second direction is N (N is an integer of 1 or more), wherein the first direction is a first direction, and a direction orthogonal to the first direction is a second direction; The second specific pixel whose pixel position in two directions is N + 1 is associated with the second specific pixel when the luminance of the second specific pixel is large and the first specific pixel and the second specific pixel are close to each other. The ultrasonic image is obtained by performing at all pixel positions in the direction. One or more feature lines are detected from the above, and which of the feature lines indicates the boundary between the component elements is identified based on the order of the feature lines in the first direction, and the boundary of each component element is indicated And a component specifying unit that specifies an image portion.

  Further, the image processing method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the embodiment is an image processing method of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that specifies an image portion indicating a component of the joint part from an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part. When the ultrasonic image is acquired, and the depth direction of the subject substantially perpendicular to the subject surface is the first direction and the direction orthogonal to the first direction is the second direction in the ultrasonic image, the first direction The luminance of the second specific pixel is high when the first specific pixel whose pixel position in the two directions is N (N is an integer of 1 or more) and the second specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N + 1. And detecting one or more feature lines from the ultrasonic image by performing association at all pixel positions in the second direction when the first specific pixel and the second specific pixel are close to each other, Which of the above characteristic lines indicates the boundary between components The dolphin specified based on the order in the first direction of the characteristic line, and identifies the image portion indicating the boundary of each component.

  In addition, the image processing program according to the embodiment causes image processing to be performed by a processor used in an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that identifies an image portion indicating a component of the joint part from an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part. In the program, the image processing acquires an ultrasound image, and in the ultrasound image, the depth direction of the subject that is substantially perpendicular to the subject surface is defined as a first direction and a direction orthogonal to the first direction. When the second direction is set, a first specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N (N is an integer of 1 or more), and a second specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N + 1, When the luminance of the second specific pixel is high and the first specific pixel and the second specific pixel are close to each other, the association is performed at all pixel positions in the second direction, so that 1 is obtained from the ultrasonic image. Detect the above characteristic line And specifying which of the feature lines indicates the boundary between the component elements based on the order of the feature lines in the first direction, and specifying an image portion indicating the boundary of each component element And

  In this way, feature lines that indicate the boundaries of the component elements can be detected in an independent format, so there is no need for pattern matching to associate a set of a plurality of feature lines with the boundary of each component element. Therefore, the boundary line of the component corresponds to one of the feature lines, and the boundary between the component and the other component can be accurately detected regardless of the shape of the feature line. In addition, even if the shape of the image part showing the joint part is significantly different from the shape of the image showing the general joint part, the order of the constituent elements in the depth direction does not change, so the constituent elements are mistaken. Therefore, each component can be accurately specified.

(2) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of (1) according to the embodiment, the component specifying unit specifies a bone surface as a boundary between the components from the feature line deep in the first direction. Further, an image portion showing the synovium may be specified based on a change in luminance in the first direction from an area where the depth is shallower than the bone surface and the feature line is not detected.
In this way, the synovial region can be further detected from the bone surface and the ultrasonic image.

(3) In the ultrasound diagnostic apparatus according to (1) according to the embodiment, the first direction is parallel to the y-axis, the second direction is parallel to the x-axis, and the first specific pixel is Among the plurality of pixels whose x coordinate is N, the pixel having the maximum luminance in the first direction, or the first specific pixel whose x coordinate is N-1 when N is 2 or more Any one of the pixels associated as the second specific pixel, the coordinates of the first specific pixel being (N, y _N ), and the luminance of an arbitrary pixel having an x coordinate of N + 1 being L (N + 1, y), When the coordinate of the pixel is (N + 1, y), the second specific pixel is, among pixels whose x coordinate is N + 1, Value = m · L (N + 1, y) + n · | y−y _N | ( m and n are pixels where the value Value indicated by n is a real number satisfying n>0> m), It may be.

By doing this, a feature line is formed by continuing to select pixels with high brightness and a small coordinate difference in the y-axis direction, so the boundary between the component and other components can be accurately detected. it can.
(4) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (3) according to the embodiment, the image processing circuit further includes an edge enhancement unit, and the component enhancement unit includes the edge enhancement unit. The feature line may be detected by associating the first specific pixel and the second specific pixel from the result of edge enhancement.

By doing so, the boundary between the component and the other component is emphasized by edge enhancement, so that the boundary between the component and the other component can be detected more accurately.
(5) The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (1) according to the embodiment detects a plurality of feature lines by repeatedly performing an operation of detecting one feature line from the ultrasound image, and newly When detecting a feature line, the feature line may be detected after removing the detected feature line from the ultrasonic image.

By doing in this way, since the pixel related to the already detected feature line does not affect the detection of other feature lines, the boundary between the component and the other component can be detected more accurately.
(6) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (1) according to the embodiment, when the component specifying unit specifies an image portion indicating a boundary of each component, the plurality of feature lines are A feature line with a shallow depth is classified into a skin segment, a feature line with a deep depth is classified into a bone segment, and an image portion showing skin from the feature line classified into the skin segment is classified from the feature line classified into the bone segment. The image portions showing the bone surface may be specified respectively.

By doing so, it is possible to segment which component is a boundary between which component from the order of the detected feature line based on the anatomy.
(7) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (6) according to the embodiment, the component specifying unit further has both ends close to the bone surface and shallower in the first direction than the bone surface. The feature line on the side may be identified as the image portion showing the joint capsule.

By doing in this way, the image part which shows a joint capsule can be specified based on the detected bone surface and anatomy.
(8) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (6) according to the embodiment, the component specifying unit further includes a rupture portion on the bone surface, and the rupture portion on the bone surface is When the depth is deeper in the first direction than the other part of the bone surface, the center of the torn portion may be specified as indicating the center of the joint position in the second direction.

By doing in this way, the image part which shows a joint position can be specified based on the detected bone surface and anatomy.
(9) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (7) according to the embodiment, the component specifying unit further includes an area between the joint capsule and the whole bone surface, and an image showing a joint cavity area It may be specified as a part.

By doing in this way, the image part which shows a joint cavity area | region can be pinpointed based on the detected joint position and anatomy.
(10) Further, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (6) according to the embodiment further uses the image portion showing the bone surface specified by the component specifying unit to detect disease activity on the bone surface. It is good also as providing the disease state analysis part which performs quantification.

In this way, disease activity can be quantified based on the shape of the bone surface.
(11) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (10) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may quantify the smoothness of the bone surface.
In this way, disease activity can be quantified based on the smoothness of the shape of the bone surface.

(12) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (11) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit fits a predetermined function to the image portion showing the bone surface, and the image portion showing the bone surface An error from the predetermined function may be quantified as the smoothness of the bone surface.
By doing so, the smoothness of the shape of the bone surface can be quantified.
(13) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (10) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may quantify bone erosion on the bone surface.

In this way, disease activity can be quantified based on bone erosion.
(14) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (13) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit calculates a first-order difference in the first direction or the second direction in an image portion showing the bone surface. And specifying an image portion showing the bone erosion based on the calculated variation of the first-order difference, fitting a predetermined function to the image portion showing the bone erosion, and the image portion showing the bone erosion and the predetermined portion The error with the function may be quantified as the smoothness of the bone surface.

In this way, the position of the bone erosion can be specified, and the smoothness of the shape of the bone surface can be quantified based on the shape of the bone erosion.
(15) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the above (8) according to the embodiment, disease activity in the joint is quantified using an image portion showing the bone surface specified by the component specifying unit. A pathological condition analysis unit may be provided, and the pathological condition analysis unit may quantify a linear distance or a horizontal distance of a fractured portion of the bone surface.

By doing in this way, disease activity can be quantified based on the shape of a joint part.
(16) Further, in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (7) according to the embodiment, the disease activity in the joint capsule is quantified using an image portion showing the joint capsule specified by the component specifying unit. A pathological condition analyzing unit that quantifies at least one of the thickness of the joint capsule, the width of the joint capsule, the length of the joint capsule, and the area of the joint capsule. Good.

In this way, disease activity can be quantified based on the shape of the joint capsule.
(17) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (16) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may be configured such that the coordinate in the first direction of the image portion showing the joint capsule is a maximum value, The image portion indicating the joint capsule from the difference between the end point of the image portion indicating the joint capsule and the coordinate in the first direction or the coordinate in the first direction of the image portion indicating the joint capsule is the maximum value. The distance from the straight line connecting both ends of the joint capsule is quantified as the thickness of the joint capsule, and the coordinate difference along the second direction between the two coordinates at both ends of the image portion showing the joint capsule is determined as the width of the joint capsule. And quantifying the length from one end to the other end of the image portion showing the joint capsule in the feature line showing the joint capsule as the length of the joint capsule, and the feature line showing the joint capsule; , Both ends of the image portion showing the joint capsule Quantifying the area surrounded by the straight line as the area of the joint capsule connecting may be.

By doing in this way, based on the feature point of the image which shows the detected joint capsule, the disease activity of a joint capsule can be quantified.
(18) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (9) according to the embodiment, the disease activity in the joint cavity region is detected using an image portion showing the joint cavity region specified by the component specifying unit. A pathological analysis unit that performs quantification, wherein the pathological analysis unit quantifies at least one of the height of the joint cavity region, the width of the joint cavity region, the area of the joint cavity region, and the shape of the joint cavity region You may do it.

In this way, disease activity can be quantified based on the shape of the joint cavity region.
(19) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (18) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may include a maximum value and a minimum value of coordinates in the first direction in an image portion indicating the joint cavity region. Is quantified as the height of the joint cavity region, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the coordinates in the second direction in the image portion showing the joint cavity region is quantified as the width of the joint cavity region. The angle formed by the straight line connecting the center of the fractured portion of the image portion showing the bone surface and both ends of the image portion showing the joint capsule may be quantified as the shape of the joint cavity region.

By doing in this way, based on the feature point of the image which shows the detected joint cavity area | region, the disease activity of a joint cavity area | region can be quantified.
(20) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the above (18) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may include a total area of a blood flow signal in an image portion indicating the joint cavity region, and an image indicating the joint cavity region. Quantifying at least one or more of the ratio of the total area of the blood flow signal in the portion to the area of the image portion indicating the joint cavity region and the number of blood flow signals as continuous regions in the image portion indicating the joint cavity region It is good also as.

By doing in this way, based on a joint cavity area | region and a blood-flow signal, the disease activity of a joint cavity area | region can be quantified.
(21) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (20) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may include a total area of a blood flow signal in an image portion indicating the joint cavity region, and an image indicating the joint cavity region. A ratio of a total area of blood flow signals in the portion and an area of the image portion indicating the joint cavity region, at least one or more of the number of blood flow signals as continuous regions in the image portion indicating the joint cavity region, and the joint The position of the blood flow signal in the image portion showing the cavity region may be combined and quantified.

By doing in this way, the disease activity of a joint space area | region can be quantified based on a blood-flow signal and its position.
(22) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (21) according to the embodiment, disease activity in the synovium is quantified using an image portion showing the synovium specified by the component specifying unit. It is good also as providing the disease state analysis part which performs.

In this way, disease activity can be quantified based on the condition of the synovium.
(23) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (22) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may check whether the image portion showing the synovium exceeds a straight line connecting the image portion showing the metaphysis. And quantification based on whether or not there is an extension to the image portion showing the diaphysis.
In this way, disease activity can be quantified based on the range of the synovium.

  (24) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (22) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may include a total area of a blood flow signal in an image portion showing the synovium, and an image portion showing the synovium. The ratio between the total area of the blood flow signal and the area of the image portion showing the synovium, or at least one of the number of blood flow signals as a continuous region in the image portion showing the synovium may be quantified. .

By doing in this way, the disease activity of a synovium can be quantified based on a synovium and a blood-flow signal.
(25) In the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to (24) according to the embodiment, the pathological condition analysis unit may include a total area of a blood flow signal in an image portion showing the synovium, and an image portion showing the synovium. The ratio between the total area of the blood flow signal and the area of the image portion showing the synovium, at least one or more of the number of blood flow signals as a continuous region in the image portion showing the synovium, and the image showing the synovium It is good also as quantifying combining the position of the blood-flow signal in a part.

  In this way, the disease activity of the synovium can be quantified based on the blood flow signal and its position.

  The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention can be used for diagnosis of joint sites such as rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis and evaluation of disease activity such as arthritis.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Ultrasonic probe 20 Ultrasound diagnostic apparatus 21 Ultrasonic transmission / reception part 22 Ultrasonic image generation part 23 Storage part 24 Edge detection part 25 Component element specific part 26 Pathological condition analysis part 27 Control part 28 Screen generation part 31 Input part 32 Display part 111 , 121 Bone 112, 122 Cartilage 130 Synovium 140, 205, 394 Joint capsule 201, 202, 301, 302 Bone surface 203 Skin 206 Joint cavity region 208 Blood flow signal 303 Skin segment 304 Tendon segment 305 Bone segment 308, 309 End of bone

Claims (27)

An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that identifies an image portion showing a component of the joint part from an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part,
An image processing circuit for acquiring an ultrasonic image and identifying the image portion;
The image processing circuit includes:
An ultrasound image acquisition unit for acquiring an ultrasound image;
In the ultrasonic image, when the depth direction of the subject substantially perpendicular to the subject surface is the first direction and the direction orthogonal to the first direction is the second direction, the pixel position in the second direction is N ( N is an integer equal to or greater than 1), and the second specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N + 1 is a luminance of the second specific pixel and the first specific pixel And the second specific pixel are associated with each other at all pixel positions in the second direction to detect one or more feature lines from the ultrasonic image, and the boundary between the components is defined as the feature. A component specifying unit that specifies which of the lines is indicated based on the order of the feature lines in the first direction, and that specifies an image portion indicating a boundary of each component. Diagnostic device. The component specifying unit specifies a bone surface as a boundary between the components from the feature line deep in the first direction, and is a region where the depth is shallower than the bone surface and the feature line is not detected. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an image portion showing a synovium is specified based on a change in luminance in the first direction. The first direction is parallel to the y-axis and the second direction is parallel to the x-axis;
The first specific pixel is a pixel having a maximum luminance in the first direction among the plurality of pixels having an x coordinate of N, or a first pixel having an x coordinate of N-1 when N is 2 or more. Any of the pixels associated with the specific pixel as the second specific pixel;
When the coordinate of the first specific pixel is (N, y _N ), the luminance of an arbitrary pixel whose x coordinate is N + 1 is L (N + 1, y), and the coordinate of the pixel is (N + 1, y), The second specific pixel is a pixel whose x coordinate is N + 1.
Value = m · L (N + 1, y) + n · | y− _{N N} (m and n are real numbers satisfying n>0> m)
The ultrasound diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the value Value indicated by is a pixel having a minimum value. The image processing circuit further includes an edge enhancement unit,
The component specifying unit detects the feature line by associating the first specific pixel and the second specific pixel from a result of the edge enhancement unit performing edge enhancement of the ultrasonic image. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 3. The component identifying unit detects a plurality of the feature lines by repeatedly performing an operation of detecting one feature line from the ultrasonic image,
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when detecting a new feature line, the feature line is detected after the detected feature line is excluded from the ultrasound image. The component specifying unit, when specifying the image portion showing the boundary of each component,
Classifying the plurality of feature lines into feature segments with a shallow depth as skin segments and feature lines with a deep depth into bone segments;
The image portion showing the skin from the feature line classified into the skin segment, and the image portion showing the bone surface from the feature line classified into the bone segment, respectively, are specified. Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. The component specifying unit further specifies a feature line having both ends close to the bone surface and shallower in the first direction than the bone surface as an image portion showing a joint capsule. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 6. The component specifying unit further includes a center of the fracture portion when a fracture portion exists on the bone surface and the fracture portion of the bone surface is deeper in the first direction than other portions of the bone surface. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus is specified as indicating a center of a joint position in the second direction. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the component specifying unit further specifies an area between the joint capsule and the bone surface as an image portion indicating a joint cavity area. Furthermore, the disease state analysis part which quantifies the disease activity in the said bone surface is used using the image part which shows the said bone surface which the said component specific part specified, The superposition of Claim 6 characterized by the above-mentioned. Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the pathological condition analysis unit quantifies the smoothness of the bone surface. The pathological condition analysis unit fits a predetermined function to an image portion showing the bone surface, and quantifies an error between the image portion showing the bone surface and the predetermined function as smoothness of the bone surface. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 11. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the pathological condition analysis unit quantifies bone erosion on the bone surface. The pathological condition analysis unit calculates a first-order difference in the first direction or the second direction in an image portion showing the bone surface, and an image portion showing the bone erosion based on a change in the calculated first-order difference. And identifying and fitting a predetermined function to an image portion showing the bone erosion, and quantifying an error between the image portion showing the bone erosion and the predetermined function as the smoothness of the bone surface. Item 14. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to Item 13. Using an image portion showing the bone surface identified by the component identifying unit, comprising a pathological condition analysis unit that quantifies disease activity in the joint,
The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the pathological condition analysis unit quantifies a linear distance or a horizontal distance of a fractured portion of the bone surface. Using an image portion showing the joint capsule identified by the component identifying unit, comprising a pathological condition analysis unit that quantifies disease activity in the joint capsule,
The pathological condition analysis unit quantifies at least one of the thickness of the joint capsule, the width of the joint capsule, the length of the joint capsule, and the area of the joint capsule. Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. The pathological condition analysis unit, the difference between the coordinate in the first direction of the image portion showing the joint capsule and the coordinate in the first direction of the end point of the image portion showing the joint capsule, or From the coordinates at which the coordinates in the first direction of the image portion showing the joint capsule are the maximum value, the distance from the straight line connecting both ends of the image portion showing the joint capsule is quantified as the thickness of the joint capsule,
Quantifying the coordinate difference along the second direction of the two coordinates that are both ends of the image portion indicating the joint capsule as the width of the joint capsule,
In the feature line indicating the joint capsule, the length from one end to the other end of the image portion indicating the joint capsule is quantified as the length of the joint capsule,
The area surrounded by the feature line indicating the joint capsule and a straight line connecting both ends of the image portion indicating the joint capsule is quantified as the area of the joint capsule. Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment. A pathological condition analysis unit that quantifies disease activity in the joint cavity region, using an image portion indicating the joint cavity region specified by the component specifying unit,
The pathological condition analysis unit quantifies at least one of a height of the joint cavity region, a width of the joint cavity region, an area of the joint cavity region, and a shape of the joint cavity region. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus as described. The pathological condition analysis unit quantifies the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the coordinates in the first direction in the image portion showing the joint space region as the height of the joint space region,
The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the coordinates in the second direction in the image portion showing the joint space region is quantified as the width of the joint space region,
19. The angle formed by a straight line connecting the center of the fracture portion of the image portion showing the bone surface and both ends of the image portion showing the joint capsule is quantified as the shape of the joint cavity region. Ultrasound diagnostic equipment. The pathological condition analysis unit includes a total area of a blood flow signal in an image portion indicating the joint space region, a total area of a blood flow signal in the image portion indicating the joint space region, and an area of the image portion indicating the joint space region. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 18, wherein at least one or more of the number of blood flow signals as continuous regions in the image portion indicating the joint cavity region is quantified. The pathological condition analysis unit includes a total area of a blood flow signal in an image portion indicating the joint cavity region, a total area of a blood flow signal in the image portion indicating the joint cavity region, and an area of the image portion indicating the joint cavity area. A ratio of at least one or more of the number of blood flow signals as a continuous region in the image portion showing the joint cavity region and the position of the blood flow signal in the image portion showing the joint cavity region. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 20, wherein: The ultrasound diagnosis according to claim 2, further comprising a pathological condition analysis unit that quantifies disease activity in the synovium using an image portion indicating the synovium specified by the component specifying unit. apparatus. The pathological condition analysis unit is quantified based on whether or not the image portion showing the synovium exceeds a straight line connecting the image portion showing the metaphysis and whether or not there is extension to the image portion showing the diaphysis. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 22, wherein: The pathological condition analysis unit, the total area of the blood flow signal in the image portion showing the synovium, the ratio of the total area of the blood flow signal in the image portion showing the synovium and the area of the image portion showing the synovium, The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 22, wherein at least one of the number of blood flow signals as a continuous region in an image portion showing the synovium is quantified. The pathological condition analysis unit, the total area of the blood flow signal in the image portion showing the synovium, the ratio of the total area of the blood flow signal in the image portion showing the synovium and the area of the image portion showing the synovium, The quantification is performed by combining at least one or more of the number of blood flow signals as a continuous region in the image portion showing the synovium and the position of the blood flow signal in the image portion showing the synovium. Item 25. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to Item 24. An image processing method of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus for identifying an image portion indicating a component of the joint part from an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part,
Acquire an ultrasound image,
In the ultrasonic image, when the depth direction of the subject substantially perpendicular to the subject surface is the first direction and the direction orthogonal to the first direction is the second direction, the pixel position in the second direction is N ( N is an integer equal to or greater than 1), and the second specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N + 1 is a luminance of the second specific pixel and the first specific pixel And the second specific pixel are associated with each other at all pixel positions in the second direction to detect one or more feature lines from the ultrasonic image, and the boundary between the components is defined as the feature. An image processing method characterized by identifying which line is shown based on the order of the feature line in the first direction, and identifying an image portion indicating a boundary of each component. An image processing program for causing a processor used in an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus to identify an image portion indicating a component of the joint part from an ultrasonic image obtained by imaging the joint part to perform image processing,
The image processing is
Acquire an ultrasound image,
In the ultrasonic image, when the depth direction of the subject substantially perpendicular to the subject surface is the first direction and the direction orthogonal to the first direction is the second direction, the pixel position in the second direction is N ( N is an integer equal to or greater than 1), and the second specific pixel whose pixel position in the second direction is N + 1 is a luminance of the second specific pixel and the first specific pixel And the second specific pixel are associated with each other at all pixel positions in the second direction to detect one or more feature lines from the ultrasonic image, and the boundary between the components is defined as the feature. An image processing program characterized by specifying which line is indicated based on the order of the characteristic line in the first direction, and specifying an image portion indicating a boundary of each component.