JP2016034686A - Shaping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shaping machine which enables rough positioning between a tool and a workpiece to be easily conducted and makes a vertical dimension compact.SOLUTION: A shaping machine according to the invention includes: a processing tool which processes a workpiece; a spindle which supports the processing tool; a support body which supports the spindle so that an axis line of the spindle extends in a vertical direction; a base which supports the workpiece; an erection part which extends in the vertical direction and supports the support body so that the support body vertically moves; a spindle driving mechanism which reciprocates the spindle in a spindle axis direction in the support body; and a driving mechanism which vertically moves the support body along the erection part to cause the processing tool to move close to or separate from the workpiece, the driving mechanism enabling an upper part of the support body to be disposed at a position lower than an uppermost part of the erection part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

  The present invention relates to a shaving machine used for gear machining, slotter machining, and the like.

  As a shaving machine used for gear machining or slotter machining (for example, Non-Patent Document 1), for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, teeth are created while moving a pinion cutter in the width direction of a workpiece. There is a processing device. In this apparatus, the tooth surface is cut while lowering the cutter, and then the cutter is swung and tilted to be separated from the workpiece. Then, after the cutter is lifted while the cutter and the work are separated from each other, the cutter is swung again to return to the initial state. The gear is machined by repeatedly performing such machining while adjusting the cut amount of the workpiece.

JP 2012-218128 A

Suntech Co., Ltd., “What is Slotter”, [online] (searched on February 28, 2013), Internet <URL: http://www.suntech-slotting.com/about/index.html>

  By the way, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a saddle (a head in the present invention) provided with a tool is supported by a column so as to be movable up and down in a vertical (feed) direction, but its lifting range is clearly indicated. Therefore, there is a problem that it is impossible to cope with the case where the vertical dimension of the workpiece to be machined is large. Moreover, depending on the vertical dimension of the entire apparatus, the transportation cost is affected. The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a shaving machine that can easily perform approximate positioning between a tool and a workpiece and can reduce the vertical dimension thereof. Objective.

  The shaving machine according to the present invention includes a processing tool for processing a workpiece, a main shaft for supporting the processing tool, a support body for supporting the main shaft so that an axis of the main shaft extends in the vertical direction, and the work tool. A base that extends in the up-down direction and supports the support body so as to be movable up and down, a spindle drive mechanism that reciprocates the spindle in the axial direction of the spindle, and the support A drive mechanism that moves the body up and down along the upright portion to bring the processing tool close to and away from the workpiece, and allows the upper portion of the support to be disposed at a position lower than the uppermost portion of the upright portion. And a mechanism.

  According to this structure, the support body which supports the main shaft provided with the processing tool is supported by the standing portion extending in the vertical direction so as to be vertically movable. Therefore, the distance between the spindle and the workpiece can be adjusted by moving the support up and down. Therefore, since the approximate position of the processing tool can be determined before processing, the distance between the two can be adjusted each time the shape of the workpiece is changed. As a result, machining corresponding to various types of workpieces can be performed.

  In addition, since the drive mechanism can be arranged at a position lower than the uppermost part of the standing portion, the vertical dimension of the shaving machine can be made compact, and therefore easy to convey. And the transportation cost can be reduced.

  The shaving machine may further include a weight balancer mechanism that supports the weight of the support body and assists the vertical movement of the support body between the support body and the standing portion. If it does in this way, since the weight of a support body is supported by a weight balancer mechanism, the motive power concerning the vertical motion of a support body can be made small. Therefore, it is possible to manually move the support up and down.

  In any one of the above-described shaving machines, the support is fixed to a predetermined position of the standing portion when the drive mechanism does not move up and down, and the fixing is released before the drive mechanism moves up and down. A mechanism can further be provided. As described above, when the fixing mechanism is further provided, the position of the support is fixed, so that rattling at the time of processing can be prevented and processing accuracy can be improved.

  In any one of the above-described shaving machines, the drive mechanism can be automatically moved up and down by a motor, a cylinder, or the like as a power source. It can also be configured to move the base up and down manually. Using a manual handle can reduce manufacturing costs.

  Any one of the above-described shaving machines may further include a base portion that is supported by the standing portion so as to be movable up and down, and that supports the support body in a swingable manner, and the base portion serves as a reference for the support body. A support swing mechanism that swings from a position can be provided.

  Here, the support swing mechanism includes a slider that can reciprocate in a reference direction parallel to the main shaft at the reference position, a guide member that supports the slider so as to reciprocate, and one end portion of the slider. A connecting member that is swingably connected and the other end of the support member is swingably connected, and a cam mechanism that reciprocates the slider.

  According to this configuration, after processing the workpiece when the spindle supporting the processing tool moves in one direction in the axial direction, the support swings from the reference position by the support swing mechanism, The processing tool is configured to be separated from the workpiece. Then, after the main shaft has moved in the other direction in a state where the support is swung, when the support is returned to the reference position by the support swing mechanism, the workpiece can be processed again. In parallel with this operation, the processing tool is rotated by the rotation of the spindle, and the processing position of the workpiece is changed. As described above, in the shaving machine according to the present invention, the workpiece is processed while rotating the processing tool while repeatedly processing the workpiece with the processing tool, separating the processing tool from the workpiece, and returning the processing tool to the initial position. To go.

  Here, the support rocking mechanism in the shaving machine according to the present invention operates as follows. First, when the cam mechanism is driven, the slider arranged parallel to the main shaft moves from the initial position. Accordingly, the connecting member connected to the slider swings so as to be pulled, and the support member connected to the connecting member swings to the slider side. For this reason, the force acting when the support swings acts on the slider and the guide portion, so that it is possible to prevent the force from acting directly on the cam mechanism. Therefore, the cam does not require high rigidity in design.

  Further, in this support body swing mechanism, the slider is reciprocated by the cam mechanism, and the support body is pulled and swings by the swing of the connecting member accompanying the movement of the slider in the reference direction. Therefore, since the moving distance of the support is smaller than the moving distance of the slider, for example, even if the cam is worn, the influence on the moving distance of the support is small. As a result, stable machining that is not easily affected by the state of the cam becomes possible, so that machining accuracy can be improved while using the cam.

  According to the shaving machine according to the present invention, the general positioning between the tool and the workpiece can be easily performed. Moreover, it can be conveyed at low cost with the vertical dimension of the shaving machine being reduced.

It is a side view of the shaving machine which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the EE sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the FF sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the GG sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the HH sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by a circle P in FIG. 10. It is the schematic of the hydraulic circuit in the shaving machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the shaving machine of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows operation | movement of the shaving machine of FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a shaving machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This shaving machine is a device for generating and cutting a tooth surface of a gear, which is a workpiece, and is sometimes called a gear shaper. In the following description, directions are described based on the X, Y, and Z axes shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the upper side of FIG. 1 is “upper”, the lower side is “lower”, and the right side is “front”. In some cases, the left side is referred to as “rear” and the left-right direction in FIG. 2 is referred to as the “width direction”.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of a shaving machine according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the shaving machine of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shaving machine according to the present embodiment includes an L-shaped housing 1 in front view. More specifically, the housing 1 includes a base 11 extending in the horizontal direction and a standing portion 12 extending upward from one end of the base 11. A workpiece support portion 2 that supports a workpiece is attached to the base 11, and a workpiece processing portion 3 having a cutter for processing the workpiece is attached to the upper portion of the standing portion 12. It can be moved up and down along the standing portion 12. First, the workpiece support 2 will be described.

  The work support unit 2 includes a table support base 21 that moves on the base 11 and a table 22 that is rotatably arranged on the table support base 21 and supports the work. A guide rail (not shown) extending in the direction is attached, and a table support 21 is movably disposed on the guide rail. A first motor 81 is attached to the lower end portion of the standing portion 12, and a drive pulley 86 is attached to the rotating shaft thereof. A driven pulley 87 is disposed below the driving pulley 86, and a belt 88 is stretched between the driving pulley 86 and the driven pulley 87. As a result, when the first motor 81 rotates, the driven pulley 87 rotates via the driving pulley 86 and the belt 88. Further, a nut 89 is fixed to the driven pulley 87 and rotates together with the driven pulley 87. The nut 89 is screwed with a screw shaft 25 extending in the X direction. The front end portion of the screw shaft 25 is fixed to the table support base 21. As a result, when the first motor 81 is driven, the nut 89 rotates so that the screw shaft 25 reciprocates in the X direction together with the table support base 21.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a rotary shaft 27 extending in the Z direction is rotatably supported on the table support base 21, and a circular table 22 in plan view is disposed at the upper end portion of the rotary shaft 27. A worm wheel 28 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 27, and a screw gear 29 is screwed to the worm wheel 28. The screw gear 29 is disposed so as to extend in the Y direction, and a second motor (not shown) is connected to the end of the screw gear 29. Thereby, when the second motor is driven, the screw gear 29 is rotated, and accordingly, the table 22 is rotated around the Z axis.

  Next, the workpiece machining unit 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the workpiece processing unit 3 includes a U-shaped base portion 31 in a plan view and supported by the standing portion 12 of the housing 1 so as to move up and down. A support body 32 extending in the Z direction is attached to be swingable. Support shafts 33 extending in the Y direction are fixed at opposing positions on the outer peripheral surface of the support 32 and extend in opposite directions. Each support shaft 33 is rotatably supported inside the base portion 31. Thereby, the support body 32 can swing around the Y axis.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a cylindrical internal space is formed inside the support body 32, and a cylindrical tube member 321 extending in the vertical direction is rotatably supported in this space. The cylindrical member 321 is rotatable around the Z axis, and a worm wheel 322 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 5, a screw gear 323 is screwed onto the worm wheel 322. The screw gear 323 is supported by the support body 32 so as to extend in the Y direction, and a third motor 83 is connected to the end of the screw gear 323. Accordingly, when the third motor 83 is driven, the screw gear 323 is rotated, and accordingly, the cylindrical member 321 is rotated around the Z axis in the support body 32. The main shaft 34 is disposed in the cylindrical member 321 so as to be movable up and down. The main shaft 34 is configured to move up and down by a drive unit described later, and a receiving part 341 for receiving a spherical joint part 51 extending from the drive part is attached to the upper end part. On the other hand, a gear-shaped pinion cutter (processing tool) 342 is detachably fixed to the lower end portion of the main shaft 34. The worm wheel 322, the screw gear 323, and the third motor described above constitute a part of the main shaft drive mechanism in the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a transmission shaft 343 extending in the vertical direction is formed on the upper outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 34, and a locking projection of the transmission shaft 343 is formed on the inner wall surface of the cylindrical member 321. It fits in the longitudinal groove 344. Thus, the main shaft 34 can move up and down in the cylindrical member 321 while rotating around the Z axis together with the cylindrical member 321.

  Here, the support 32 supports the main shaft 34 in the vertical direction when the support 32 is not swung by a support wobbling mechanism 7 described later. The position of the main shaft 34 at this time is referred to as a reference position, and the direction of the main shaft 34 (here, the vertical direction) is referred to as a reference direction.

  Next, a drive unit that moves the main shaft 34 up and down will be described. The drive unit includes a gear box 4 that serves as a drive source and is disposed on the upper surface of the base 31, and a connecting unit 5 that connects the gear box 4 and the main shaft 34. The gear box 4 includes a housing portion 40 that houses a gear therein. A fourth motor 84 is disposed on the upper portion of the accommodating portion 40. The connecting part 5 is configured as follows. First, a spherical joint portion 51 is fitted into a receiving portion 341 attached to the upper end portion of the transmission shaft 343, and a support member 52 extending upward is connected to the joint portion 51. A connecting shaft 53 extending in the Y-axis direction is rotatably attached to the upper end of the support member 52. The connecting shaft 53 is connected to the gear box 4 disposed on the upper surface of the base 31. That is, the joint part 51, the support member 52, and the connection shaft 53 constitute the connection part 5. This drive unit constitutes a part of the spindle drive mechanism in the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 3, one end of the connecting shaft 53 is connected to the driving shaft 431 that is rotationally driven by the fourth motor 84 in the housing portion 40 and the connecting shaft 53 in an offset state. That is, the axis of the drive shaft 431 and the axis of the connecting shaft 53 are shifted from each other, forming a crankshaft. Therefore, when the drive shaft 431 rotates, the connection shaft 53 rotates so as to revolve around the axis of the drive shaft 431, so that the support member 52 connected to the connection shaft 53 moves up and down. Since the support member 52 is connected to the main shaft 34 via the spherical joint portion 51, the support member 52 can swing in any direction with respect to the main shaft 34. As a result, the vertical movement of the support member 52 is smoothly transmitted to the main shaft 34, and the main shaft 34 moves up and down. Note that the length of the offset between the axis of the drive shaft 431 and the axis of the connecting shaft 53 can be changed.

  On the other hand, the balance weight 6 is disposed outside the housing portion 40 at the other end of the drive shaft 431. The balance weight 6 is formed in a disc shape, and a weight 61 is disposed on a part of the outer periphery thereof. The weight 61 is provided corresponding to the crankshaft described above. That is, the weight 61 is provided on the side opposite to the side where the connecting shaft 53 is offset with respect to the drive shaft 431, and absorbs vibration due to the rotation of the connecting shaft 53.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the two rotating shafts 461 and 481 protrude from the housing portion 40 in the gear box 4 and extend so as to sandwich the support member 52 above the base portion 31. Is rotated by a fourth motor 84 by a gear 48 (see FIG. 7) or the like. Balance weights 462 and 482 that are fan-shaped in cross section and extend along the rotation shafts 461 and 481 are attached to substantially central positions in the axial direction of the rotation shafts 461 and 481. Since each rotating shaft 461,481 is being fixed to the base end part vicinity of a cross-sectional fan shape, the gravity center of balance weight 462,482 is in the position shifted | deviated from the rotating shaft. Each of the balance weights 462 and 482 is rotated together with the rotary shafts 461 and 481 by driving the fourth motor 84, and when the main shaft 34 is moving downward, the fan-shaped portion is upward so that the center of gravity is upward. It is comprised so that it may face. On the other hand, when the main shaft 34 is moving upward, the fan-shaped portion is arranged to face downward so that the center of gravity is downward. Thereby, the vibration which a device receives by the vertical movement of the main shaft 34 can be absorbed.

  Next, the support rocking mechanism 7 for rocking the support 32 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in FIG. Of the rotating shafts 461 and 481 extending from the gear box 4 described above, a cam 71 is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 481 disposed on the left side of FIG. A movable bar 72 extending downward is provided below the cam 71. A cam follower 73 is rotatably attached to the upper end of the movable bar 72 and is in contact with the lower side of the cam 71 described above. On the other hand, a slider 74 having a trapezoidal cross section is attached to the lower end of the movable bar 72, and this slider 74 is supported by a guide portion 75 attached to the base portion 31 so as to be movable up and down. More specifically, the slider 74 is movable in parallel with the reference direction that is the orientation of the main shaft 34 at the reference position. As shown in FIG. 8, a dovetail groove 751 is formed in the guide portion 75, and a trapezoidal slider 74 is fitted in the dovetail groove 751. As a result, the slider 74 is restricted from moving in the Y direction by the guide portion 75 and moves only in the Z direction.

  A connecting member 76 extending in the Y direction is attached to the slider 74. More specifically, one end portion of the connecting member 76 is attached to the slider 74 so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, and the other end portion of the connecting member 76 swings to the side surface of the support body 32 via the bracket 77. It is attached freely. A spring 78 is attached to the lower end of the slider 74, and the slider 74 and the movable rod 72 are urged upward by the spring 78. That is, the cam follower 73 is pressed against the cam 71 by the spring 78. The spring 78 is supported by a bracket 79 provided on the base 31.

  The vertical movement of the main shaft 34 due to the rotation of the drive shaft 431 and the vertical movement of the slider 74 due to the rotation of the rotation shaft 481 are synchronized, and the slider 74 moves upward when the main shaft 34 moves to the lowest point. The support 32 is moved to swing. When the main shaft 34 moves to the uppermost point, the slider 74 moves downward and the support 32 returns to the initial position. Such synchronization adjustment is performed by adjusting the gear of the gear box 4 and the cam 71.

  Next, a drive mechanism for moving the base portion 31 up and down relative to the standing portion 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line GG in FIG. 10, FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line HH in FIG. 10, and FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, a pair of guide grooves 121 extending in the vertical direction are formed on both sides (vertical direction in FIG. 10) of the standing portion 12, and the guide grooves 121 have both sides ( A protrusion 311 formed in the vertical direction of FIG. 10 is fitted. Thereby, the base 31 can be moved up and down with respect to the standing portion 12.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a screw shaft 122 extending in the vertical direction is disposed in the center in the width direction inside the standing portion 12, and is supported so as to be rotatable about the axis. The upper end portion of the screw shaft 122 is supported by the top surface portion 123 of the standing portion 12, while the lower end portion is supported near the vertical center of the standing portion 12. A nut 128 is screwed onto the screw shaft 122, and the nut 128 is fixed to the rear surface of the base portion 31.

  A worm wheel 124 is fixed near the lower end of the screw shaft 122, and a worm gear 125 is engaged with the worm wheel 124. The worm gear 125 is fixed to one end portion of a shaft member 126 extending in the width direction of the standing portion 12, and is configured to rotate together with the shaft member 126. The other end portion of the shaft member 126 protrudes from the side surface (lower side in FIG. 10) of the standing portion 12, and a manual handle 127 as a power source is attached to the protruding portion. Therefore, when the operator of the shaving machine rotates the manual handle 127, the screw shaft 122 is rotated through the worm wheel 124 and the worm gear 125, whereby the base 31 is moved up and down together with the nut 128.

  Further, the shaving machine according to the present embodiment incorporates a hydraulic device as a weight balancer mechanism in order to assist the above-described manual vertical movement of the base 31. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the hydraulic cylinder 13 extending in parallel with the screw shaft 122 is disposed inside the standing portion 12. The hydraulic cylinder 13 includes a cylinder main body 131 and a piston rod 132 that can be advanced and retracted from the cylinder main body 131, and the lower end of the cylinder main body 131 is located near the center in the vertical direction inside the standing portion 12. It is fixed. On the other hand, the upper end portion of the piston rod 132 can be inserted into the opening 1231 formed in the top surface portion 123 of the upright portion 12 when the rod 132 is substantially extended.

  A chain 133 is attached to the upper end portion of the piston rod 132, and this chain 133 extends toward the top surface portion 123 of the standing portion 12, and is routed in the horizontal direction by the first sprocket 134 disposed on the top surface portion 123. Then, the path is changed downward by the second sprocket 135 also disposed on the top surface portion 123. The chain 133 is disposed so as to extend downward along the front surface of the standing portion 12 via the second sprocket 135, and the lower end portion thereof is fixed to the base portion 31. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, when the piston rod 132 extends from the cylinder body 131, the base 31 connected to the chain 133 is lowered accordingly. On the other hand, when the piston rod 132 contracts into the cylinder body 131, the chain 133 is pulled and the base 31 is raised. Both sprockets 134 and 135 are confiscated in a storage box 136 disposed on the top surface portion 123. When the base 31 descends along the guide groove 121 and is at the lowest point, the uppermost portion of the base 31 is lower than the uppermost portion of the standing portion 12, that is, the upper surface of the storage box 136, as shown in FIG. It is supposed to be arranged in.

  Next, a fixing mechanism for fixing the base portion 31 to an arbitrary position of the standing portion 12 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion indicated by a circle P in FIG. Two fixing mechanisms are provided on both side surfaces of the standing portion 12, and are arranged so as to be aligned in the vertical direction on each side surface. Hereinafter, one of them will be described. However, the number of the fixing mechanisms is not particularly limited.

  The fixing mechanism is configured as follows. As shown in FIG. 11A, first, a through hole 141 is formed in the side surface of the standing portion 12, and the through hole 141 is opened in the guide groove 121 described above. A plate-like lock plate 142 is inserted into the through hole 141, and the lock plate 142 protrudes from the through hole 141 toward the protrusion 311 of the base 31 and is formed on the side surface of the protrusion 311. It fits in the fixed groove 312 along the vertical direction. Further, the lock plate 142 is supported by a convex support point 143 disposed on the front side inside the through-hole 141, and the support point 143 is used as a swing center in the fixing groove 312 in a substantially horizontal direction. It can swing.

  Here, in the lock plate 142, an end portion of the base portion 31 fitted in the fixing groove 312 is referred to as a first end portion, and an end portion on the opposite side is referred to as a second end portion. The standing portion 12 is provided with a pressing member 144 that can press the second end of the lock plate 142 forward. The pressing member 144 presses the second end of the lock plate 142 forward. As a result, the first end of the lock plate 142 swings rearward. As a result, the lock plate 142 presses the rear surface of the fixing groove 312 of the base portion 31, whereby the base portion 31 is fixed to the standing portion 12.

  The pressing member 144 is disposed in an oil chamber 145 having a closed space. When hydraulic oil to be described later is supplied to the oil chamber 145, the pressing member 144 moves forward as shown in FIG. And the second end of the lock plate 142 is pressed. On the other hand, when the hydraulic oil is discharged from the oil chamber 145, the pressing of the lock plate 142 by the pressing member 144 is released as shown in FIG.

  Next, a hydraulic circuit for operating the hydraulic cylinder 13 and the pressing member 144 described above will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, this hydraulic circuit includes a first oil passage 151 connected to the hydraulic cylinder 13 and a second oil passage 152 connected to each fixing mechanism. The second oil passage 152 has a plurality of branch passages 1521, and these branch passages 1521 are connected to the oil chambers 145 of the respective fixing mechanisms. A pump 153 is connected to the first oil passage 151 and the second oil passage 152. In addition, a first electromagnetic valve 154 is disposed between the first oil passage 151 and the pump 153. When the first electromagnetic valve 154 opens and closes, supply of hydraulic oil to the first oil passage 151 and Supply is stopped. Similarly, a second electromagnetic valve 155 is disposed between the second oil passage 152 and the pump 153. When the second electromagnetic valve 155 opens and closes, supply of hydraulic oil to the second oil passage 152 and Supply is stopped.

  The first and second electromagnetic valves 154 and 155 are electrically connected to a controller 156, and the controller 156 includes a first switch 157 for driving the first electromagnetic valve 154 and a second electromagnetic valve 155. A second switch 158 to be driven is connected. With this configuration, for example, when the first switch 157 is turned on, the first electromagnetic valve 154 is opened, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 13. The hydraulic oil is regulated by a relief valve 159 and supplied to an oil chamber (not shown) formed on the upper side of the cylinder body 131. Then, by setting the set pressure of the relief valve 159 to be equivalent to the weight of the base 31, the base 31 is balanced and does not fall. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is used as an assist when the handle 127 is rotated when the base 31 is raised. Further, when the base portion 31 is lowered by the operation of the handle 127, the pressure in the oil chamber is mechanically increased from the base portion 31 via the piston rod 132, whereby the relief valve 159 performs a relief operation to lower the base portion 31. Is possible. The first and second switches 157 and 158 can be arranged on the side surface of the standing portion 12, for example, in the vicinity of the handle 127.

  On the other hand, when the second switch 158 is turned ON, the second electromagnetic valve 155 is opened, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the oil chamber 145 of each fixing mechanism. As a result, the pressing member 144 presses the lock plate 142, and the base 31 is pressed and fixed by the lock plate 142.

  Next, the operation of the shaving machine configured as described above will be described. First, the pinion cutter 342 is attached to the spindle 34 and the workpiece W is placed on the table 22. Subsequently, the handle 127 is turned to position the base 31 in the vertical direction. That is, the pinion cutter 342 is disposed at a position where the workpiece W can be processed. At this time, when the base 31 is raised and positioned, the first switch 157 is turned on to assist the hydraulic cylinder 13.

  Thus, if the first switch 157 has been turned on after the positioning of the pinion cutter 342 has been completed, it is turned off. Subsequently, the second switch 158 is turned on to drive each fixing mechanism. Thereby, each lock plate 142 presses the base portion 31, and the position of the base portion 31 in the standing portion 12 is fixed. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the base 31 from being finely moved by the reaction during processing due to backlash and various backlashes of the worm wheel 124 and the worm gear 125, and to improve the processing accuracy.

  Following this, the second and third motors 82 and 83 are driven to rotate the spindle 34 and the table 22. Thereby, the rotation of the cutter 342 and the rotation of the workpiece W are synchronized. Next, the first motor 81 is driven to adjust the position of the workpiece W in the X direction. Thereby, the cutting position of the workpiece | work W is adjusted. Subsequently, when the fourth motor 84 is driven, the workpiece W is processed. This will be described with reference to FIG. However, FIG. 13 shows the movement of each member exaggerated.

  When the drive shaft 431 rotates from the initial position in FIG. 13A, the main shaft 34 is lowered. In this process, as shown in FIG. 13B, the pinion cutter 342 attached to the main shaft 34 cuts the workpiece W. When the pinion cutter 342 moves downward from the workpiece W, the movable rod 72 is pushed up by the rotation of the cam 71 and the spring 78, and the slider 74 moves upward from the initial position in FIG. Thereby, as shown in FIG.13 (c), the connection member 76 is pulled upwards and the support body 32 rock | fluctuates to the slider 74 side. Thus, when the pinion cutter 342 is separated from the workpiece W in the X direction, the spindle 34 is raised as shown in FIG. When the main shaft 34 returns to the initial position, the movable rod 72 is pushed down by the rotation of the cam 71, and the slider 74 moves downward. Thereby, the connection member 76 presses the support body 32, and the support body 32 swings to the initial position shown to Fig.13 (a).

  During the operation as described above, the main shaft 34 and the workpiece W rotate synchronously, so that the workpiece W is processed over the entire circumference. In parallel with this, the cutting amount is increased by moving the workpiece W in the X direction by the first motor 81. Thus, when the predetermined machining is completed, the driving of all the motors is stopped and the workpiece W is removed from the table 22. Thereafter, when the base portion 31 is moved up and down, the second switch 158 is turned off.

  Further, in order to transport the shaving machine, if the handle 127 is rotated and the base 31 is lowered to the lowest point, the uppermost point of the base 31 is the uppermost point of the standing portion 12, that is, the upper surface of the storage box 136. Therefore, the shaving machine can be made compact.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the base portion 31 that supports the main shaft 34 provided with the pinion cutter 342 is supported by the upright portion 12 extending in the vertical direction so as to be vertically movable. Therefore, the distance between the main shaft 34 and the workpiece W can be adjusted by moving the base 31 up and down. Therefore, since the approximate position of the cutter 342 can be determined before machining, the distance between the two can be adjusted each time the form of the workpiece W is changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, when machining a workpiece with a shaft, the base 31 is raised as compared with FIG. 8 so that the pinion cutter 342 can machine the workpiece W. Therefore, the shaving machine according to the present embodiment can perform processing corresponding to various types of workpieces.

  The support rocking mechanism 7 according to this embodiment has the following characteristics. That is, when the cam 71 is driven, the slider 74 disposed in parallel with the main shaft 34 moves from the initial position. Accordingly, the connecting member 76 connected to the slider 74 swings so as to be pulled, and the support body 32 connected to the connecting member 76 swings toward the slider 74 side. Therefore, the force acting when the support body 32 swings acts on the slider 74 and the guide portion 75, so that direct force can be prevented from acting on the cam 71 and the cam follower 73. Therefore, the cam does not require high rigidity in design.

  In the support swing mechanism 7, the slider 74 is reciprocated by the cam 71, and the support 32 is pulled and swings by the swing of the connecting member 76 accompanying the movement of the slider 74 in the reference direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13C, since the moving distance k of the support 32 is smaller than the moving distance S of the slider 74, for example, even if the cam 71 and the cam follower 73 are worn, The influence on the moving distance is reduced. As a result, stable machining that is not easily affected by the state of the cam 71 and the cam follower 73 becomes possible, so that the machining accuracy can be improved while using the cam mechanism.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this Embodiment, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the base is moved up and down manually, but the base may be moved up and down by an electrical mechanism, for example. However, if it is made manual, the structure becomes simple and the cost can be reduced. In the case of manual operation, an electrical assist function may be provided instead of the assist by the hydraulic cylinder 13, but the assist function is not always necessary. The configuration of the drive mechanism that moves the base 31 up and down with respect to the standing portion 12 is not particularly limited, and any configuration may be used as long as the base 31 can move up and down with respect to the standing portion 12.

  In the above embodiment, the base portion 31 is moved up and down in the vertical direction with respect to the standing portion, but for example, it is not necessarily in the vertical direction, for example, an inclined surface is formed on the front surface of the standing portion 12, The base 31 can be moved up and down along the guide groove formed on the inclined surface. In this case, the base 31 moves in the X direction in addition to the Z direction.

  In the above embodiment, the spring 78 is used to cause the slider 74 to follow the movement of the cam 71, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various modes are possible.

  Further, the drive mode shown in the above embodiment is merely an example, and a drive mechanism for performing vertical movement of the main shaft 34, rotation of the main shaft 34, vertical movement of the slider 74, rotation of the table 22, and parallel movement of the table 22. As long as they are driven, various modes are possible. That is, the configurations of the main shaft drive mechanism and the support body swing mechanism according to the above-described embodiment are not particularly limited, and the main shaft drive mechanism only needs to reciprocate in the axial direction of the main shaft 34, and the support body swing mechanism. The moving mechanism may be any mechanism that swings the support from the reference position.

  In the above embodiment, the support body 32 is supported by the standing part 12 via the base 31 and moves up and down. However, the support body 32 is directly attached to the standing part 31, and the standing part 12 is attached to the standing part 12. It can also be configured to move up and down. In this case, the drive mechanism, the fixing mechanism, and the hydraulic circuit described above are attached to the support body 32. Further, although the support 32 does not swing, the workpiece W can be processed by combining the movement of the workpiece W in the X direction instead.

5: Connection part 7: Support body rocking mechanism 11: Base 12: Standing part 31: Base part 32: Support body 34: Main shaft 71: Cam 74: Slider 75: Guide part 76: Connection member W: Workpiece

Claims (6)

A processing tool for processing the workpiece;
A main shaft that supports the processing tool;
A support for supporting the main shaft such that the axis of the main shaft extends in the vertical direction;
A base for supporting the workpiece;
An upright portion that extends in the vertical direction and supports the support so as to be movable up and down;
A spindle driving mechanism for reciprocating the spindle in the axial direction of the spindle;
A driving mechanism that moves the support up and down along the upright portion to bring the processing tool close to and away from the workpiece, and the upper portion of the support can be disposed at a position lower than the uppermost portion of the upright portion. Drive mechanism
A shaving machine equipped with   The shaving machine according to claim 1, further comprising a weight balancer mechanism that supports a weight of the support and assists the vertical movement of the support between the support and the standing portion.   The fixing device further includes a fixing mechanism that fixes the support at a predetermined position of the standing portion when the driving mechanism does not move up and down and releases the fixing before the driving mechanism moves up and down. The shaving machine according to claim 1 or 2.   The shaving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drive mechanism includes a manual handle as a power source. The base is further supported by the upright portion so as to be movable up and down, and further includes a base for swingably supporting the support.
The shaving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the base includes a support swing mechanism that swings the support from a reference position. The support swing mechanism is
A slider capable of reciprocating in a reference direction parallel to the main shaft at the reference position;
A guide member for reciprocally supporting the slider;
A connecting member having one end portion swingably connected to the slider and the other end portion swingably connected to the support;
A cam mechanism for reciprocating the slider;
The shaving machine according to claim 5, comprising: