JP2016020654A - Reciprocating compressor - Google Patents

Reciprocating compressor Download PDF

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JP2016020654A
JP2016020654A JP2014144354A JP2014144354A JP2016020654A JP 2016020654 A JP2016020654 A JP 2016020654A JP 2014144354 A JP2014144354 A JP 2014144354A JP 2014144354 A JP2014144354 A JP 2014144354A JP 2016020654 A JP2016020654 A JP 2016020654A
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valve
way
gas compression
reciprocating compressor
air drive
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智一 佐々木
Tomokazu Sasaki
智一 佐々木
佑志 風岡
Yuji Kazaoka
佑志 風岡
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reciprocating compressor capable of saving cost, ensuring high reliability, and facilitating maintenance and inspection.SOLUTION: Adopted is a reciprocating compressor 1 comprising: a four-way air drive valve 40 connected to a gas compression capacity adjustment chamber 30; and a three-way solenoid valve 41 connected to an air drive unit 40a of the four-way air drive valve 40. The reciprocating compressor 1 is a multistage compressor and includes two-stage gas compression chambers according to an embodiment of the present invention.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、レシプロ圧縮機に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor.

レシプロ圧縮機は、ピストンの往復運動によるシリンダの容積変化でガスを圧縮する構成となっている（例えば、下記特許文献１参照）。このレシプロ圧縮機にあっては、負荷に応じた容量調整を行うために、シリンダの吸気弁を開いた状態に保持するアンローダーと、シリンダのガス圧縮室に接続されたクリアランス弁とを備えるものがある。   The reciprocating compressor is configured to compress the gas by changing the volume of the cylinder due to the reciprocating motion of the piston (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below). This reciprocating compressor has an unloader for holding the cylinder intake valve in an open state and a clearance valve connected to the gas compression chamber of the cylinder in order to adjust the capacity according to the load. There is.

アンローダーとクリアランス弁は、レシプロ圧縮機の容量調整用空気回路と接続されている。容量調整用空気回路には、アンローダーに作動空気を供給する３方弁と、クリアランス弁に作動空気を供給する４方弁とが設けられている。レシプロ圧縮機の容量調整は、容量調整用空気回路の３方弁と４方弁を所定の順序通りに操作し、アンローダーとクリアランス弁の開閉を組み合せて行う。   The unloader and the clearance valve are connected to the capacity adjusting air circuit of the reciprocating compressor. The capacity adjusting air circuit is provided with a three-way valve that supplies the working air to the unloader and a four-way valve that supplies the working air to the clearance valve. The capacity adjustment of the reciprocating compressor is performed by operating the three-way valve and the four-way valve of the capacity adjustment air circuit in a predetermined order and combining opening and closing of the unloader and the clearance valve.

特開２０１０−７７８４１号公報JP 2010-77841 A

ところで、上記３方弁と４方弁とを電磁弁で構成する場合、次のような問題がある。
この場合、容量調整用空気回路に、３方電磁弁と４方電磁弁の２種類の電磁弁が使用されることとなる。４方電磁弁は、３方電磁弁よりも一般的に高価であり、構造が複雑のため不具合が発生し易い。また、容量調整用空気回路に、２種類の電磁弁が使用されると、それぞれ別の保守点検作業が必要になる、という問題がある。 By the way, when the three-way valve and the four-way valve are composed of electromagnetic valves, there are the following problems.
In this case, two types of solenoid valves, a three-way solenoid valve and a four-way solenoid valve, are used for the capacity adjustment air circuit. A four-way solenoid valve is generally more expensive than a three-way solenoid valve and has a complicated structure and is likely to cause problems. Further, when two types of solenoid valves are used in the capacity adjustment air circuit, there is a problem that separate maintenance and inspection work is required.

本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、コストが抑えられ、信頼性が高く、保守点検が容易なレシプロ圧縮機の提供を目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating compressor that is low in cost, high in reliability, and easy to maintain and inspect.

上記の課題を解決するために、本発明は、ガス圧縮容量調整室に接続された４方エア駆動弁と、前記４方エア駆動弁のエア駆動部に接続された３方電磁弁と、を有する、レシプロ圧縮機を採用する。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes a four-way air drive valve connected to a gas compression capacity adjustment chamber, and a three-way solenoid valve connected to an air drive unit of the four-way air drive valve. It has a reciprocating compressor.

本発明によれば、３方電磁弁と４方エア駆動弁との組み合わせで、４方電磁弁を代用する。この構成によれば、構造が複雑で高価な４方電磁弁を使用する必要がなく、また、容量調整用空気回路の電磁弁を３方電磁弁で統一することができる。
したがって、本発明では、コストが抑えられ、信頼性が高く、保守点検が容易なレシプロ圧縮機が得られる。 According to the present invention, a four-way solenoid valve is substituted by a combination of a three-way solenoid valve and a four-way air drive valve. According to this configuration, it is not necessary to use a complicated and expensive four-way solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve of the capacity adjusting air circuit can be unified with the three-way solenoid valve.
Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a reciprocating compressor that is low in cost, highly reliable, and easy to maintain and inspect.

本発明の実施形態におけるレシプロ圧縮機の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the reciprocating compressor in embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態におけるクリアランス弁作動部の構成図である。It is a block diagram of the clearance valve action | operation part in embodiment of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明の実施形態におけるレシプロ圧縮機１の構成図である。
レシプロ圧縮機１は、ガスを圧縮する圧縮機本体２と、負荷に応じて圧縮機本体２の容量調整を行う容量調整用空気回路３と、を有する。レシプロ圧縮機１は、多段圧縮機であり、本実施形態では、２段のガス圧縮室（第１ガス圧縮室１０ａ、第２ガス圧縮室１０ｂ）を備えている。 FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a reciprocating compressor 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reciprocating compressor 1 includes a compressor main body 2 that compresses gas and a capacity adjustment air circuit 3 that adjusts the capacity of the compressor main body 2 according to a load. The reciprocating compressor 1 is a multistage compressor, and in this embodiment, includes a two-stage gas compression chamber (a first gas compression chamber 10a and a second gas compression chamber 10b).

圧縮機本体２には、シリンダ１０が設けられている。シリンダ１０は、圧縮機本体２の左右に設けられており、その一方のシリンダ１０の内部に第１ガス圧縮室１０ａが形成され、その他方のシリンダ１０の内部に第２ガス圧縮室１０ｂが形成されている。シリンダ１０の内部には、摺動自在に設けられ、容積を変化させるピストン１１が設けられている。   A cylinder 10 is provided in the compressor body 2. The cylinders 10 are provided on the left and right sides of the compressor body 2. The first gas compression chamber 10 a is formed inside one of the cylinders 10, and the second gas compression chamber 10 b is formed inside the other cylinder 10. Has been. A piston 11 is provided inside the cylinder 10 so as to be slidable and change its volume.

ピストン１１には、ピストンロッド１２が連結されている。ピストンロッド１２は、ピストンロッドパッキン１３を介してクランクエンド側（圧縮機本体２の長手方向中央に向かう側）に延出している。ピストンロッド１２のクランクエンド側に延出した端部は、クロスヘッド１４を介してコネクティングロッド１５に連結されている。コネクティングロッド１５は、クランクシャフト１６に連結されている。クランクシャフト１６は、内燃機関やモータ等の駆動源に連結されている。   A piston rod 12 is connected to the piston 11. The piston rod 12 extends to the crank end side (side toward the longitudinal center of the compressor body 2) via the piston rod packing 13. An end portion of the piston rod 12 extending to the crank end side is connected to a connecting rod 15 via a cross head 14. The connecting rod 15 is connected to the crankshaft 16. The crankshaft 16 is connected to a drive source such as an internal combustion engine or a motor.

上記構成のレシプロ圧縮機１は、駆動源によりクランクシャフト１６を回転させ、コネクティングロッド１５、ピストンロッド１２を介してピストン１１を往復運動させ、ピストン１１によって仕切られたシリンダ１０内部のヘッドエンド側（圧縮機本体２の長手方向両端に向かう側）とクランクエンド側との容積を変化させ、不図示のガス吸気口から吸気したガスを、第１ガス圧縮室１０ａ、第２ガス圧縮室１０ｂにおいて順次圧縮し、圧縮したガスを不図示のガス吐出口より吐出するようになっている。   The reciprocating compressor 1 having the above-described configuration rotates the crankshaft 16 by a driving source, reciprocates the piston 11 via the connecting rod 15 and the piston rod 12, and the head end side inside the cylinder 10 partitioned by the piston 11 ( The volume of the main body 2 of the compressor body 2 and the crank end side is changed, and the gas sucked from a gas inlet (not shown) is sequentially supplied to the first gas compression chamber 10a and the second gas compression chamber 10b. The compressed gas is compressed and discharged from a gas discharge port (not shown).

レシプロ圧縮機１には、負荷に応じた容量調整を行うためのアンローダー１７、クリアランス弁１８が圧縮機本体２に複数設けられている。
アンローダー１７は、シリンダ１０の不図示の吸気弁を開いた状態に保持するものであり、第１ガス圧縮室１０ａのヘッドエンド側とクランクエンド側と、第２ガス圧縮室１０ｂのヘッドエンド側とクランクエンド側と、に設けられている。アンローダー１７が作動すると、アンローダー１７が作動したガス圧縮室では吸気弁が閉じず、そのガス圧縮室において無負荷状態とさせることができる。 The reciprocating compressor 1 is provided with a plurality of unloaders 17 and clearance valves 18 for adjusting the capacity according to the load in the compressor body 2.
The unloader 17 holds an intake valve (not shown) of the cylinder 10 in an open state, and includes a head end side and a crank end side of the first gas compression chamber 10a, and a head end side of the second gas compression chamber 10b. And the crank end side. When the unloader 17 is activated, the intake valve is not closed in the gas compression chamber in which the unloader 17 is activated, and the gas compression chamber can be in an unloaded state.

クリアランス弁１８は、シリンダ１０の各ガス圧縮室の容量を調整するものであり、第１ガス圧縮室１０ａのヘッドエンド側と、第２ガス圧縮室１０ｂのヘッドエンド側と、に接続されている。クリアランス弁１８が作動すると、クリアランス弁１８が接続されたガス圧縮室の容量が増加し、そのガス圧縮室でのガス圧縮容量を低下させることができる。   The clearance valve 18 adjusts the capacity of each gas compression chamber of the cylinder 10, and is connected to the head end side of the first gas compression chamber 10a and the head end side of the second gas compression chamber 10b. . When the clearance valve 18 is activated, the capacity of the gas compression chamber to which the clearance valve 18 is connected increases, and the gas compression capacity in the gas compression chamber can be reduced.

容量調整用空気回路３は、アンローダー１７、クリアランス弁１８を作動させる空気回路である。容量調整用空気回路３には、作動空気の除塵・減圧をするフィルターレギュレーター２１が設けられている。フィルターレギュレーター２１の下流側には、分岐部２２が設けられている。分岐部２２には、複数のエアライン２３が接続されている。アンローダー１７に接続されたエアライン２３には、アンローダー作動部２４が設けられている。このアンローダー作動部２４は、３方電磁弁から構成されている。一方、クリアランス弁１８に接続されたエアライン２３には、クリアランス弁作動部２５が設けられている。このクリアランス弁作動部２５は、図２に示す構成となっている。   The capacity adjusting air circuit 3 is an air circuit that operates the unloader 17 and the clearance valve 18. The capacity adjusting air circuit 3 is provided with a filter regulator 21 for removing dust and reducing pressure of the working air. A branch portion 22 is provided on the downstream side of the filter regulator 21. A plurality of air lines 23 are connected to the branch portion 22. An unloader operating unit 24 is provided in the air line 23 connected to the unloader 17. The unloader operating unit 24 is composed of a three-way solenoid valve. On the other hand, a clearance valve operating unit 25 is provided in the air line 23 connected to the clearance valve 18. The clearance valve actuating portion 25 has a configuration shown in FIG.

図２は、本発明の実施形態におけるクリアランス弁作動部２５の構成図である。
図２に示すように、クリアランス弁１８は、ガス圧縮容量調整室３０を有する。ガス圧縮容量調整室３０の内部には、弁体３１が摺動自在に嵌装されている。ガス圧縮容量調整室３０には、弁体３１で仕切られた第１室３０ａと第２室３０ｂとが形成されている。第１室３０ａは、ガス圧縮室（例えば第１ガス圧縮室１０ａ）に連通している。 FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the clearance valve operating unit 25 in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the clearance valve 18 has a gas compression capacity adjustment chamber 30. A valve body 31 is slidably fitted in the gas compression capacity adjustment chamber 30. In the gas compression capacity adjustment chamber 30, a first chamber 30a and a second chamber 30b partitioned by a valve body 31 are formed. The first chamber 30a communicates with a gas compression chamber (for example, the first gas compression chamber 10a).

クリアランス弁作動部２５は、４方エア駆動弁４０と、３方電磁弁４１とを組み合わせた構成となっている。４方エア駆動弁４０は、クリアランス弁１８のガス圧縮容量調整室３０に接続されている。４方エア駆動弁４０は、エア駆動部４０ａを有し、ＯＮ状態になると、クリアランス弁１８の弁体３１を右側（第１室３０ａ側）に移動させる。また、４方エア駆動弁４０は、ＯＦＦ状態になると、クリアランス弁１８の弁体３１を左側（第２室３０ｂ側）に移動させる。エア駆動部４０ａは、例えば４方エア駆動弁４０のパイロットポートである。   The clearance valve operating unit 25 is configured by combining a four-way air drive valve 40 and a three-way electromagnetic valve 41. The four-way air drive valve 40 is connected to the gas compression capacity adjustment chamber 30 of the clearance valve 18. The four-way air drive valve 40 has an air drive unit 40a and moves the valve body 31 of the clearance valve 18 to the right side (first chamber 30a side) when turned on. Further, when the four-way air drive valve 40 is in the OFF state, the valve body 31 of the clearance valve 18 is moved to the left side (second chamber 30b side). The air drive unit 40a is a pilot port of the four-way air drive valve 40, for example.

３方電磁弁４１は、４方エア駆動弁４０のエア駆動部４０ａに接続されている。３方電磁弁４１は、エアライン２３から分岐した分岐エアライン２３ａに設けられている。このように、本実施形態では、３方電磁弁４１と４方エア駆動弁４０のエア供給源は共通となっている。３方電磁弁４１は、電磁駆動部４１ａを有し、ＯＮ状態になると、４方エア駆動弁４０をＯＮ状態とさせる。また、３方電磁弁４１は、ＯＦＦ状態になると、４方エア駆動弁４０をＯＦＦ状態とさせる。電磁駆動部４１ａは、例えば３方電磁弁４１のソレノイドである。   The three-way solenoid valve 41 is connected to the air drive unit 40 a of the four-way air drive valve 40. The three-way solenoid valve 41 is provided in the branch air line 23 a branched from the air line 23. Thus, in this embodiment, the air supply sources of the three-way solenoid valve 41 and the four-way air drive valve 40 are common. The three-way solenoid valve 41 has an electromagnetic drive unit 41a, and when it is turned on, the four-way air drive valve 40 is turned on. When the three-way solenoid valve 41 is turned off, the four-way air drive valve 40 is turned off. The electromagnetic drive part 41a is a solenoid of the three-way electromagnetic valve 41, for example.

上記構成のクリアランス弁作動部２５によれば、４方電磁弁と同等の動作をすることができる。具体的には、３方電磁弁４１をＯＮ状態にすると、４方エア駆動弁４０もＯＮ状態となり、クリアランス弁１８の弁体３１が右側に移動し閉状態となる（４方電磁弁のＯＮ状態と同じ）。また、３方電磁弁４１をＯＦＦ状態にすると、４方エア駆動弁４０もＯＦＦ状態となり、クリアランス弁１８の弁体３１が右側に移動し開状態となる（４方電磁弁のＯＦＦ状態と同じ）。   According to the clearance valve operating part 25 having the above-described configuration, an operation equivalent to that of a four-way electromagnetic valve can be performed. Specifically, when the three-way solenoid valve 41 is turned on, the four-way air drive valve 40 is also turned on, and the valve body 31 of the clearance valve 18 moves to the right side and is closed (the four-way solenoid valve is turned on). The same as the state). Further, when the three-way solenoid valve 41 is turned off, the four-way air drive valve 40 is also turned off, and the valve body 31 of the clearance valve 18 is moved to the right side and is opened (same as the four-way solenoid valve is turned off). ).

このように、上述の本実施形態によれば、ガス圧縮容量調整室３０に接続された４方エア駆動弁４０と、４方エア駆動弁４０のエア駆動部４０ａに接続された３方電磁弁４１と、を有する、レシプロ圧縮機１を採用することによって、３方電磁弁４１と４方エア駆動弁４０との組み合わせで、４方電磁弁を代用することができる。このため、本実施形態では、構造が複雑で高価な４方電磁弁を使用する必要がなく、また、容量調整用空気回路３の電磁弁を３方電磁弁４１で統一することができる。
したがって、本実施形態によれば、コストが抑えられ、信頼性が高く、保守点検が容易なレシプロ圧縮機１が得られる。 Thus, according to the above-described embodiment, the four-way air drive valve 40 connected to the gas compression capacity adjustment chamber 30 and the three-way solenoid valve connected to the air drive unit 40a of the four-way air drive valve 40. 41, the four-way solenoid valve can be substituted by a combination of the three-way solenoid valve 41 and the four-way air drive valve 40. For this reason, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to use a complicated and expensive four-way solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve of the capacity adjustment air circuit 3 can be unified by the three-way solenoid valve 41.
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the reciprocating compressor 1 with reduced cost, high reliability, and easy maintenance and inspection.

以上、図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。上述した実施形態において示した各構成部材の諸形状や組み合わせ等は一例であって、本発明の主旨から逸脱しない範囲において設計要求等に基づき種々変更可能である。   As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring drawings, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. Various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

１ レシプロ圧縮機
３０ ガス圧縮容量調整室
４０ ４方エア駆動弁
４０ａ エア駆動部
４１ ３方電磁弁 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reciprocating compressor 30 Gas compression capacity adjustment chamber 40 Four-way air drive valve 40a Air drive part 41 Three-way solenoid valve

Claims (1)

ガス圧縮容量調整室に接続された４方エア駆動弁と、
前記４方エア駆動弁のエア駆動部に接続された３方電磁弁と、を有する、レシプロ圧縮機。 A four-way air drive valve connected to the gas compression capacity adjustment chamber;
A reciprocating compressor, comprising: a three-way solenoid valve connected to an air drive portion of the four-way air drive valve.
JP2014144354A 2014-07-14 2014-07-14 Reciprocating compressor Pending JP2016020654A (en)

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JPH08159037A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-18 Komatsu Ltd Control device for variable displacement hydraulic pump
JPH1182314A (en) * 1997-09-01 1999-03-26 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The Displacement adjusting device of displacement reciprocating compressor
JP2011117316A (en) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-16 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Control device of construction machine

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JPS53160008U (en) * 1977-05-20 1978-12-14
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JPH01166784U (en) * 1988-05-12 1989-11-22
JPH08159037A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-06-18 Komatsu Ltd Control device for variable displacement hydraulic pump
JPH1182314A (en) * 1997-09-01 1999-03-26 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The Displacement adjusting device of displacement reciprocating compressor
JP2011117316A (en) * 2009-12-01 2011-06-16 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Control device of construction machine

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