JP2016020586A - Form device and method of manufacturing hybrid pile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid pile which maintains predetermined thickness of a concrete covering part for covering a wooden core member, which can be actually used for ground improvement by virtue of high strength and durability, and which can be manufactured at a low cost.SOLUTION: A hybrid pile 10 comprises a wooden core member 12 which is long in one direction, and a concrete covering part 14 which makes the whole wooden core member 12 covered with concrete, which makes a contour of an outer shape formed in a pile shape and which makes the wooden core member 12 arranged in the state of almost aligning a central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 with a central axis position CX of the pile shape.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid pile and a formwork apparatus used for ground improvement and the like, and a method for manufacturing a hybrid pile.

  When constructing civil engineering structures and structures such as retaining walls, abutments and revetments, there are many cases that require liquefaction countermeasures for construction sites and soft ground improvements. As the ground improvement method, for example, a replacement method, a shallow layer processing method, a deep layer processing method, a loading industry, a dewatering method, a pile method and the like are known. The pile construction method is a method of reinforcing a ground by driving a wooden pile or a concrete pile into the ground, for example. As for wooden piles, pine piles are mainly used, but in order to prevent them from being decayed by aerobic wood decay fungi, it is important that they are always submerged by driving below normal water level. However, since the groundwater level fluctuates due to precipitation and the surrounding environment, recently, as a countermeasure, antiseptic treatment is performed by injecting or applying a chemical solution to a wooden pile. However, wooden piles that have undergone antiseptic treatment are expensive and have low market competitiveness, and the chemical solution elutes into groundwater. Since it cannot be secured, wooden piles are only used for temporary structures, and recently, reinforced concrete piles with high strength and excellent durability have been used. However, since the reinforced concrete pile has a hollow structure, the manufacturing equipment and the manufacturing process are complicated, and a large amount of reinforcing steel bars is required.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of a composite pile using wood and soil cement. In the soil cement composite pile of Patent Document 1, band-shaped metal fittings are attached at predetermined intervals in the length direction of a wooden rod-shaped core material, and resistance wings protrude from the outer surface of the band-shaped metal material. It was embedded in a cement pillar.

JP 2007-21480 A

  However, since the soil cement composite pile of Patent Document 1 is an organic matter solid substance obtained by blending cement with clay or earth and sand generated locally, it is porous and physically poor in airtightness and water permeability. There is a lack of antiseptic function of the wood used as the core material, and there is anxiety about the long-term reliability of the quality function associated with the corrosion of the wooden rod-shaped core material, and the complicated work process at the construction site of the soil cement composite pile and the potential here There were problems due to quality fluctuation factors and high costs resulting from human error and differences in local soil quality.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and one object of the present invention is to maintain the thickness of the concrete covering portion covering the wooden core member at a predetermined thickness, thereby preserving and protecting the wood. It is providing the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile and a formwork apparatus which can be manufactured at low cost by having ensured, and a hybrid pile.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a long wooden core member 12 on one side, and the entire wooden core member 12 is covered with concrete so that the outer contour is formed into a pile shape. It is comprised from the hybrid pile 10 provided with the concrete coating | coated part 14 which has arrange | positioned the wooden core member 12 in the state which centered the center axis | shaft of the core member 12 substantially.

  Moreover, this invention is a formwork apparatus for manufacturing the hybrid pile 10 of Claim 1 formed in the pile shape by covering the whole long wooden core member 12 with the concrete coating | coated part 14 on one side, A formwork body 22 having a placement space 26 in which concrete is placed to form a predetermined pile shape, and a wooden core member 12 disposed so as to be entirely accommodated in the placement space 26 of the formwork body 22. And a holding device that holds the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 and the central axis PX of the placement space 26 in a substantially aligned state.

  Further, the holding device 24 may include locking portions 36 and 48 that lock the wooden core member 12 at both ends in the longitudinal direction or at a plurality of locations separated in the longitudinal direction.

  Further, the locking portions 36 may be attached to a pair of formwork end elements (34) disposed opposite to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the formwork body 22, respectively. The mold frame end element includes, for example, an end mold member 34 that closes both longitudinal ends of the mold.

  Further, the locking portion 36 is provided so as to project inwardly from the pair of formwork end elements, and pin-like members 38 and 38A for locking the protruding tip portions to substantially core positions on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12. It is good also as including. If the pin receiving holes 40 are drilled in both end faces of the wooden core member 12 and the pin-shaped members 38 and 38A are engaged, the wooden core member 12 can be held more securely.

  Further, the pin-shaped member 38A is provided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction so as to advance and retreat into the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, and the state in which the wooden core member 12 is locked and the inside of the mold body 22 It is also possible to selectively switch between the state of evacuation from the state.

  Further, the mold body 22 is disposed with the longitudinal direction thereof oriented in the lateral direction, and the locking portion 48 accommodates the wooden core member 12 accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 with the longitudinal direction being laterally arranged. It is good also as including the suspension support apparatus 50 latched in the shape of a suspension support from the upper direction of the mold body 22. FIG.

  The suspension device 50 is attached to the upper end side of the mold body 22 so as to be detachable, and is attached to the attachment base portion 52 so as to be suspended from the attachment base portion 52, and the lower end is pierced into the wooden core member 12. It is good also as having the suspension type pin-shaped member 54 which hold | maintains this wooden core member 12 in a center alignment position by latching.

  In the present invention, the long wooden core member 12 is placed in the placement space 26 of the mold apparatus 20 having the placement space 26 that forms a predetermined pile shape with a size that accommodates the entire wooden core member 12. The core holding steps S12, S22, S32, S42 for holding the wooden core member 12 and the respective center axes of the pile shape through the holding device 24 in a substantially aligned state, and in the placement space 26 of the formwork device 22 In the state where the wooden core member 12 is held, concrete is placed in the placement space so as to cover the entire wooden core member 12, and the molding apparatus 22 is subjected to the placement steps S14, S24, S34, and S44. Demolding steps S16, S28, S38, and S48 for removing the formwork device 20 after the set concrete is hardened and covering the entire wooden core member 12 with concrete to obtain a hybrid pile formed into a pile shape. It consists of the production method of the hybrid pile.

  Further, before the core holding steps S12, S22, there are included drilling steps S10, S20 for forming pin receiving holes of a predetermined depth on both longitudinal end faces of the wooden core member. In the core holding steps S12, S24, The pin-shaped members 38 and 38A attached to project from the opposite ends in the longitudinal direction of the frame device 20 are used as the holding device 24, and the tip portions of the pin-shaped members 38 and 38A are locked to both ends of the wooden core member 12. The wooden core member 12 may be held.

  Further, in the core holding steps S34 and S44, the pin-shaped member 54 that hangs from the upper side of the formwork device 22 and locks the wooden core member 12 in a laid-down state is used as the holding device 24. The lower end portion may be engaged with the wooden core member 12 to hold the wooden core member 12.

  In the lead holding steps S22, S32, and S42, a plurality of pin-like members 38, 38A, and 54 that are locked at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member or at a plurality of positions on the peripheral surface are used as the holding device 24. , 38A and 54, the wooden core member 12 is held in the centered position in the placement space 26 of the mold apparatus 20, and after the placing steps S24, S34 and S44, before the concrete is completely cured. In a semi-solid state, the pin-like members 38, 38A, 54 are detached, and a hole is replenished by refilling the filler or vibrating in place to close the holes where the concrete pin-like members 38, 38A, 54 have been detached. It is good also as including hole closing process S26, S36, and S46. The semi-solidified state of the cast concrete is an uncured state and is solidified to such an extent that the wooden core member is not subjected to the buoyancy effect on the concrete covering it. The hole closing steps S26, S36, and S46 are performed, for example, approximately 60 minutes to 100 minutes after the placing step of placing concrete.

  According to the hybrid pile of the present invention, a long wooden core member on one side and the entire wooden core member are covered with concrete so that the outer contour is formed into a pile shape, and the center of the wooden core member is positioned at the center axis position of the pile shape. Because it is equipped with a concrete cover with a wooden core member arranged in a state where the shaft is substantially centered, it has higher strength and durability compared to wooden piles, and is lighter and less expensive than concrete piles Hybrid piles that can be manufactured in the same way can be manufactured with high strength without variation in strength, improve long-term durability, and are highly practical as foundation piles that are driven into the ground.

  Moreover, according to the formwork apparatus of this invention, it is a formwork apparatus for manufacturing the hybrid pile of Claim 1 formed in the pile shape by covering the whole long wooden core member with the concrete coating part. A formwork body having a placement space in which concrete is placed inside to form a predetermined pile shape, and a wooden core member disposed so as to be entirely accommodated in the placement space of the formwork body, And a holding device that holds the central axis of the wooden core member and the central axis of the placement space in a substantially aligned state, so that the surface of the wooden core member is surely formed to have a required concrete coating thickness. This makes it possible to manufacture a hybrid pile that is homogeneous and can maintain a long-term durability without variation in strength, and can easily provide a highly practical hybrid pile.

  In addition, the holding device has a locking portion that locks the longitudinal ends of the wooden core member or a plurality of locations separated in the longitudinal direction, so that a spacer that becomes an obstacle to filling from the placement space of the formwork device Durable, high-quality hybrid piles can be manufactured by eliminating concrete, improving concrete filling performance and reliably obtaining dense coated concrete with high water tightness.

  In addition, the locking portion is configured to be attached to a pair of mold frame end elements arranged opposite to each other at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mold body, so that the locking portion can be simplified when the mold body is assembled. The wooden core member can be securely and smoothly locked and held at a predetermined centering position.

  Further, the locking portion includes a pin-like member that protrudes inwardly facing from the pair of formwork end elements, and that locks the protruding tip portion at a substantially core position on both end faces of the wooden core member. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a formwork apparatus that can reliably hold the wooden core member in a predetermined position with a simple configuration, and the operation of locking the wooden core member can be easily performed in a short time.

  Further, the pin-like member is provided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction so as to advance and retreat into the casting space of the mold body, and the state in which the wooden core member is locked and the state in which the pin-like member is retracted from the inside of the mold body. , The pin-shaped member can be detached before the concrete covering the wooden core member is cured to some extent and completely cured, and the pin-shaped member in an uncured state. By carrying out the process of closing the holes of the traces that have left, the hybrid pile having watertightness can be manufactured without impairing the integrity of the coated concrete.

  In addition, the mold body is disposed with the longitudinal direction thereof oriented in the lateral direction, and the locking portion includes a wooden core member accommodated in the placement space of the mold body with the longitudinal direction laterally above the mold body. By adopting a configuration including a suspension support device that locks in the form of a suspension support, a formwork device that can securely hold the wooden core member in a predetermined position with a simple configuration can be manufactured, and the wooden core member can be locked. Work can be done easily and quickly.

  In addition, the suspension device is attached to the upper end side of the mold body so as to be detachable, and is attached to the attachment base portion so as to hang downward from the attachment base portion, and the lower end is stuck into the wooden core member and locked. And a suspension-type pin-shaped member that holds the wooden core member in the centering position, thereby making it possible to specifically realize the suspension device with a simple structure and to cover the wooden core member. The pin-shaped member can be detached at a point before it is cured to a certain extent and completely cured, and the integrity of the coated concrete can be improved by performing a process of closing the hole where the pin-shaped member has been removed in an uncured state. A hybrid pile having watertightness can be produced without loss.

  Further, according to the present invention, a long wooden core member is placed on one side and a holding device is provided in a placement space of a formwork apparatus having a placement space that forms a predetermined pile shape with a size that accommodates the whole wooden core member. A core holding step for holding the wooden core member and the center axis of the pile shape in a substantially aligned state, and holding the wooden core member in the placement space of the formwork device, Place the concrete in the placement space to cover, and remove the formwork device after the concrete placed on the formwork device is hardened, and cover the whole wooden core member with concrete to make a pile shape And a demolding step for obtaining the formed hybrid pile, so that it is possible to surely form a concrete covering thickness that requires the surface of the wooden core member, a homogeneous hybrid pile can be manufactured, and the strength varies. Long term durability Holds, it can easily provide practical high hybrid pile.

  In addition, before the lead holding step, a drilling step of forming pin receiving holes of a predetermined depth on both longitudinal end surfaces of the wooden lead member is included. A pin-shaped member that protrudes in the direction is used as a holding device, and the tip of the pin-shaped member is locked to both ends of the wooden core member to hold the wooden core member. The wooden core member can be securely locked, and even when a concrete inflow pressure or a difference in specific gravity between wood and concrete occurs when placing concrete, the wooden core member deviates from the predetermined alignment position. It is possible to manufacture a high-quality hybrid pile easily.

  Further, in the core holding step, a pin-like member that hangs from the upper side of the formwork device and hangs down on the wooden core member in a suspended manner is used as the holding device, and the lower end portion of the pin-like member is engaged with the wooden core member. By stopping and holding the wooden member, the wooden core member can be securely locked so that the coated concrete can be secured to a substantially uniform coating thickness, and the difference in specific gravity between wood and concrete Even if this occurs, it is possible to reliably prevent the wooden core member from shifting from the predetermined alignment position, and to easily manufacture a high-quality hybrid pile.

  Further, in the core holding step, a plurality of pin-shaped members that are locked at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member or at a plurality of positions on the peripheral surface are used as a holding device, and the wooden core member is placed on the formwork device via the pin-shaped members. Hold in the installation space in a centered position with each other, and after the placing process, remove the pin-like member in a semi-solid state before the concrete is completely cured, replenish the filler, or vibrate in place The structure including the hole closing step of closing the hole where the concrete pin-shaped member has been removed is applied to prevent the pin-shaped member from being removed without impairing the integrity of the concrete covering the wooden core member. The hole can be closed, and a high-quality hybrid pile with high water tightness can be manufactured substantially uniformly.

It is a section explanatory view of a hybrid pile concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is an AA line cross-sectional enlarged view of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is a perspective view of a formwork device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the formwork apparatus of FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the formwork apparatus of FIG. 5. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the other Example of the wooden core member of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is explanatory drawing at the time of ground improvement with the hybrid pile of FIG. It is an expanded sectional explanatory view which omitted a part of formwork device concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile using the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is a perspective explanatory view of the formwork device concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional enlarged view of the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile using the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the formwork apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and a hybrid pile.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a hybrid pile and formwork apparatus and a method for manufacturing a hybrid pile according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The hybrid pile according to the present invention is, for example, a foundation pile that is driven into the ground to improve the ground, and is a composite pile configured by combining two types of materials, wood and concrete. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the hybrid pile of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, in this embodiment, the hybrid pile 10 includes a wooden core member 12 and a concrete covering portion 14. The hybrid pile 10 of this embodiment is a precast-type foundation pile manufactured in advance in a factory, and is used by being transported to the site.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the wooden core member 12 is a core member of the hybrid pile 10, and is formed long on one side along the longitudinal direction of the pile. The wooden core member 12 is made of, for example, a peeled log obtained by cutting a cut cedar into a predetermined length (about 4 m) and peeling off the skin. For example, if the wooden core member 12 is a straight material obtained by stripping a bark from a raw tree, it can be used as it is without requiring any shaping of the outer shape. The wood core member is preferably made of wood having a moisture content of wood of at least 60%. In the case of dry wood, it is preferable to use a wet wood in advance. In addition, you may set the kind of wood, length, the magnitude | size of a diameter, etc. arbitrarily. By using a hybrid pile with a wooden core, the amount of concrete forming the pile can be reduced, and the weight of the pile can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  The concrete covering portion (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “covering portion”) 14 is an outer skin portion of the hybrid pile 10 formed by covering the entire wooden core member with concrete. The covering portion 14 is formed with concrete in a state where the wooden core member 12 is held in a formwork device 20 to be described later, and then hardened, whereby the outer contour is formed in a pile shape. By covering the wooden core member 12 with the concrete covering portion 14, the strength and durability are improved. The covering portion 14 is formed using the formwork device 20, and the thickness from the wooden core member 12, that is, the thickness of the covering concrete, is preferably 30 mm or more, more preferably 40 mm or more. Therefore, the diameter of the wooden core member 12 is selected in consideration of the thickness of the covering portion 14 that can secure the covering thickness of the concrete based on the outer shape of the covering portion 14, that is, the size of the hybrid pile 10, cutting of wood, etc. Then, it may be processed into a predetermined diameter. In this embodiment, the outer shape of the covering portion 14 is, for example, about 10% longer than the wooden core member 12 and one end is formed in a sharp shape. It can be placed and stacked in a stable state. The covering portion 14 is formed by arranging the wooden core member 12 inside in a state where the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the center axis position CX of the pile shape.

  In the present embodiment, as will be described later, when the covering portion 14 is formed by the formwork device 20, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12 are locked by the pin-shaped member 38 and held in a predetermined position. However, the removal holes 16 of the pin-like members 38 that are removed together with the formwork device 20 remain at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the covering portion 14 after the formwork device 20 is removed. The separation hole 16 after the pin-shaped member is separated is filled with a filler such as mortar so as to close the hole, and is solidified to form a hole filling portion 18. Thereby, the wooden core member 12 is completely sealed by the covering concrete, and the wooden core member functions as a hybrid pile in a healthy state for a long time. In addition, as will be described later, when the covering portion 14 is formed, the concrete may be cured to some extent and the pin-like member 38 may be detached before the concrete is completely cured, and the concrete may be completely cured after the separation hole is closed. .

  In the hybrid pile 10 of the present embodiment, the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the central axis CX of the concrete covering portion 14, so that the concrete covering portion 14 to be coated has a thickness according to a predetermined design. It has no variation in strength and can maintain long-term durability. As shown in FIG. 9, the hybrid pile 10 is applied to a pile foundation method in which, for example, a plurality of piles are driven into a ground for constructing a building or the like at a predetermined interval to improve the ground to have high strength and stability. Used. When driving the hybrid pile 10, the ground is improved by driving directly into the ground with a heavy machine or the like, or driving into a hole previously drilled in the ground with an auger or a preceding pile. In addition, as shown to FIG. 8 (a), (b), (c), the wooden core member 12 prevents the crack of the concrete coating part 14 which coat | covers the circumference | surroundings, for example, and improves the intensity | strength of a pile. For this purpose, reinforcing reinforcing bars 42, 44 and 46 may be attached to the periphery. In FIG. 8A, the reinforcing bar 42 is fixed around the wooden core member 12 in a spiral shape. In FIG. 8B, a plurality of reinforcing bars 44 are arranged around the wooden core member 12 along the axial direction. The spiral reinforcing bars may be arranged around the wooden core member while the spiral reinforcing bars are interlaced with the reinforcing bars 44. In FIG. 8C, a plurality of reinforcing bars 46 are arranged along the axial direction so as to be separated from the wooden core member 12, and nail-like legs projecting from both ends and intermediate positions of the reinforcing bars 46 toward the wooden core member. The tip of the body 46a is fixed by being driven into the wooden core member 12. At this time, the driving depth of the leg is set so that the reinforcing bar 46 is positioned at an intermediate portion of the concrete covering portion 14. In addition, you may fix a helical rebar to the reinforcing bar 46 as needed. In the aspect using a reinforcing bar for this hybrid pile, the amount of reinforcing bars can be reduced to about 50% or less as compared with a conventionally known reinforced concrete pile. Moreover, you may use fiber reinforced concrete for formation of the coating | coated part 14 of the hybrid pile 10, and intensity | strength can be maintained even if it further reduces the amount of reinforcing bars in this case.

  Next, a first embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. In this embodiment, the formwork apparatus 20 is a formwork for manufacturing the hybrid pile 10 described above, and holds the formwork body 22 on which concrete is placed and the wooden core member in the formwork body 22. Holding device 24.

  The mold body 22 is a main body portion of the mold having a placement space 26 for placing concrete therein to form a pile shape. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, in this embodiment, the mold body 22 is, for example, formed so that the placement space 26 is large enough to accommodate the entire wooden core member 12 inside and long in one side. In addition, one end side that becomes the tip of the pile is gradually formed narrower, and a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is formed in a regular octagonal space. For example, the mold body 22 is manufactured in a state in which the hybrid pile 10 is laid sideways, and a plurality of mold frames are formed so as to form the above-described pile-shaped placement space 26 in a horizontally long shape with the longitudinal direction directed sideways. The members (30 to 34) are assembled and can be disassembled. The mold body 22 includes, for example, a support portion 28 for installation on the floor, a bottom mold member 30 formed long on one side, and two pieces assembled on both sides along the longitudinal direction of the bottom mold member 30. A pair of side formwork members 32 and a pair of two end formwork members 34 assembled to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the bottom formwork member 30 are included. A space surrounded by the plurality of mold member members 30 to 34 is a placement space 26, and the top surface side of the mold body 22, that is, the side corresponding to one side surface of the hybrid pile 10 is opened 35. Concrete is cast. The bottom mold member 30 is formed in a recess whose upper surface side is open in an inverted C shape. The side mold member 32 is formed of vertical surfaces parallel to each other on the lower side from the height intermediate position, the upper side protrudes inwardly in a triangular shape, and the lower end side is opposed to the bottom mold member 30. It is assembled so that it can pivot and support. The end mold member 34 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and a lower end portion is detachably attached to both longitudinal ends of the bottom mold member 30. The formwork apparatus 20 is locked by a lock device (not shown) and placed in concrete in a state where the side formwork member 32 and the end formwork member 34 are assembled to form an octagonal pile-shaped placement space 26. After the mold device 20 is cured for a predetermined time and the concrete is hardened, the lock device is released, the mold members (30 to 34) are disassembled, and the hybrid pile formed inside is taken out. Note that the mold body 22 may include a top mold member that closes the top surface side.

  The holding device 24 is a holding unit that holds the wooden core member 12 accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 at a predetermined centering position, and the wooden core member is positioned at the center axis PX position of the placement space 26. The wooden core member 12 is held in a state where the center axis of 12 is substantially aligned. Thereby, the hybrid pile 10 in which the center axis WX position of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the center axis CX position of the pile-shaped concrete covering 14 formed by placing concrete on the formwork device 20 is reliably secured. Can be formed.

  In the present embodiment, the holding device 24 includes a locking portion 36 that locks both ends of the wooden core member 12 in the longitudinal direction. The locking portion 36 includes, for example, pin-shaped members 38 that are respectively attached to the end mold members 34 of the mold body 22. The pin-shaped member 38 is provided on the inner wall surface of the end mold member 34 so as to project inward from a position corresponding to the center axis position PX of the placement space 26 formed when the mold member is assembled. The pin-shaped member 38 is made of, for example, metal, and has a sharp tip and a base fixed to the end mold member 34. The tip of the pin-shaped member 38 is inserted into a pin receiving hole 40 previously drilled at a substantially core position on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12 and locked from both sides, and the wooden core member 12 is hit. It is suspended and supported in a suspended manner at a predetermined center axis position in the installation space 26. In this state, when concrete is placed in the placement space 26 between the periphery of the wooden core member 12 of the formwork body 22 and the formwork members 30 to 34 and is cured and the concrete is hardened, as described above. In addition, the pin-shaped member 38 is detached from the hybrid pile formed together with the fixed end form member 34. Therefore, the separation holes 16 are formed at both ends of the concrete covering portion 14 of the hybrid pile, and mortar is filled so as to close the separation holes 16 in a later process. In addition, the holding device 24 is not limited to the pin-shaped member as described above, for example, and is configured to lock one or a plurality of intermediate positions in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member, or to fix the wooden core member 12 from below. Or any other configuration such as a structure suspended from above may be used. Alternatively, the pin-like member 38 can be attached to and detached from the end formwork member 34, and can be detached before the concrete is completely cured, or conversely, buried in the concrete covering portion 14 and integrated into a concrete shape. Good. Moreover, the formwork body 22 is not limited to the structure in which the hybrid pile is manufactured in a horizontally laid manner, but may be formed in a vertically long form.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20 of this embodiment will be described together with the first embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile is a method of manufacturing a hybrid pile as described above, and a core holding step S12 for holding the wooden core member 12 to the formwork device 20, It includes a placing step S14 for placing concrete on the formwork device 20 and a demolding step S16 for removing the formwork device 20.

  In this embodiment, the drilling process S10 which forms the pin receiving hole 40 used as the engaging part with the holding | maintenance apparatus 24 of the formwork apparatus 20 in the wooden core member 12 is included as a previous process of the core holding process S12. In the drilling step S10, a pin receiving hole 40 having a size approximately the same as the diameter of the pin-shaped member 38 and a depth of several centimeters by a tool such as a drill at the center position of each end face in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12. Drill a hole.

  In the lead holding step S12, the mold space 22 of the mold device 20 is assembled to form the placement space 26. At this time, the entire wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26, and the pin-shaped member 38 of the holding device 24 is inserted into the pin receiving holes 40 at both ends of the wooden core member 12, so that the wooden core member 12 is Support the delivery form. In this state, the pin-shaped member 38 is provided at a position corresponding to the position of the center axis PX of the placement space 26 as described above, and the pin receiving hole 40 is formed at the center position of the end surface of the wooden core member 12. Therefore, the wooden core member 12 can be reliably held in a state where the central axis position PX of the placement space 26 and the central axis position WX of the wooden core member 12 are substantially aligned.

  In the placing step S <b> 14, concrete is placed in the placing space 26 in a state where the wooden core member 12 is held by the holding device 24 in the mold apparatus 20. Concrete is placed in the placement space 26 around the wooden core member 12 from the opening 35 on the top surface side of the mold body 22, and the concrete is filled up to the opening 35 portion so as to completely cover the entire wooden core member 12 and put into concrete. The coating part 14 is formed. The concrete on the top side of the mold body 22 is leveled and cured, and the concrete is cured.

  In the demolding step S16, after curing for a predetermined time from the placing step S14 and the concrete is hardened, the mold apparatus 20 is disassembled and removed to obtain the hybrid pile 10 formed in a pile shape. In the demolding step S <b> 16, when the end mold member 34 of the mold apparatus 22 is removed, the pin-shaped member 38 is also removed simultaneously with the end mold member 34. Therefore, at the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the concrete covering portion 14 of the hybrid pile 10, the leaving holes 16 that are marks of the removal of the pin-like member 38 remain.

  In the present embodiment, a filling step S18 is included after the demolding step S16, and the filling step S18, for example, fills the release holes 16 at both ends of the concrete covering portion 14 with a filler such as mortar and closes the holes. Thus, the hole filling portion 18 is formed, and the hybrid pile 10 is completed. As a result, the release hole 16 communicating from the end of the concrete covering portion 14 to the end of the internal wooden core member 12 is closed like a plug, and the internal wooden core member 12 is deteriorated by contact with air or the like. Can be prevented satisfactorily. Thus, in the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention, a hybrid pile in which the center axis of the wooden core member and the center axis of the concrete covering portion are substantially aligned can be easily manufactured, and has high strength and high durability. The hybrid pile 10 can be provided while maintaining a certain quality.

  Next, a second embodiment of the mold apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same configurations and the same members as those of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The mold apparatus 10-2 according to the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment and includes the mold body 22 and the holding device 24. However, the configuration of the pin-like member of the holding apparatus 24 is the same. This is different from the above embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the pin-shaped member 38 </ b> A is detachably attached to the end formwork member 34. The pin-like member 38A is provided so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction through the through hole 34a of the end form member 34, and is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in the placement space 26. In a state where the pin-shaped member 38A has advanced into the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the tip of the pin-shaped member 38A is engaged with the end portion of the wooden core member 12 disposed at the centering position in the placement space 26. The wooden core member can be stopped and held at a predetermined alignment position. On the other hand, when the pin-shaped member 38A is retracted from the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 and is released, the holding of the wooden core member by the pin-shaped member is released.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20 of this embodiment will be described together with the second embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile is similar to the first embodiment, in the drilling step S20, the core holding step S22, the placing step S24, the demolding step S28, including. Each step is performed in substantially the same manner as in the above embodiment. In the present embodiment, a hole closing step S26 is included between the placing step S24 and the demolding step S26. In the hole closing step S26, first, the pin-shaped member 38A is detached in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S24 is completely cured. The semi-solid state of the concrete can be said to be a state in which, for example, the concrete is hardened to some extent after 60 to 100 minutes have passed since the concrete is placed and the wooden core member 12 does not receive the buoyancy effect on the concrete. Therefore, the wooden core member 12 is held at a predetermined centering position by the pin-shaped member 38A of the holding device 24 at the time of concrete placing and at the initial stage of curing and solidifying of the concrete, and the pin-shaped member is released at the later stage of curing and solidifying of the concrete. Thus, the position of the wooden core member is held by the concrete itself solidified to some extent. In the hole closing step S26, the hole is closed by filling the hole with mortar while applying slight vibration in the vicinity of the hole where the pin-shaped member 38A has been removed. As a result, in this embodiment, the concrete is better integrated than the case where the release hole is closed with the filler after the concrete is completely cured as in the first embodiment, and higher water tightness, air tightness and long-term durability. Can produce high-quality hybrid piles. After the hole closing step S26, the mold is removed in the demolding step S28. At this time, no separation hole remains and a completed hybrid pile is obtained.

  Next, a third embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same configurations and members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The formwork device 10-3 according to the present embodiment includes the formwork body 22 and the holding device 24, but the configuration of the holding device 24 is different from that of the above embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the present embodiment, the holding device 24 includes a locking portion 58 that locks two places spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12 from above. Have. That is, the locking portion 58 includes a suspension device 50 that locks the wooden core member 12 housed in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 from above the mold body 22 in a suspended shape.

  The suspension device 50 includes an attachment base portion 52 that is detachably attached to the upper end of the side mold member 32 of the mold body 22, a suspension-type pin-like member 54 that extends downward from the attachment base portion 52, and Have The mounting base 52 is formed, for example, by bending a metal plate so that the intermediate position rises in a stepped manner, and both ends thereof are detachably fixed to the upper end of the side mold member 32 via set bolts 60. Is done. A female thread portion that is screwed into the set bolt 60 is formed at the upper end of the side mold member of the mold body 22. A hole through which the pin-like member 54 passes is provided at an intermediate position of the mounting base portion 52. The pin-shaped member 54 is formed of a tapered helical screw whose diameter gradually decreases toward the tip, and a flat washer 56 is attached to the top portion side. For example, the pin-like member 54 is inserted into the hole from above the attachment base portion 52, and the washer 56 is detachably fixed to the attachment base portion 52 via a thumbscrew 58. The pin-shaped member 54 is locked by tightening its tip from the outer peripheral surface of the wooden core member 12 and adjusting the screwing depth thereof so that the central axis of the wooden core member 12 is substantially the central axis of the placement space 26. It can be adjusted to the centering position. Thus, by holding the wooden core member 12 in a predetermined alignment position by the suspension support device 50, it is possible to secure the appropriate thickness and manufacture the concrete covering portion 14.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20-3 of this embodiment will be described together with the third embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile includes core holding process S32, placing process S34, and demolding process S38 similarly to 1st Embodiment. In the present embodiment, in the pre-process S30, the pin-shaped members 58 of the suspension device 50 are locked at positions separated from each other from above the wooden core member 12 in a laid-down state. In the core holding step S32, the wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the mounting base portion 52 of the suspension device 50 is fixed to the mold body 22, and the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is secured. Is held in a state of being substantially aligned with the center axis PX of the placement space 26. In this state, concrete is placed in the placement step S34.

  After the placing step S34, there is a hole closing step S36. In the hole closing step S36, first, the suspension device 50 is in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S34 is completely cured. The pin-shaped member 54 is removed. In the hole closing step S36, mortar is additionally filled in the vicinity of the hole where the pin-like member 54 has been removed, and the hole is closed. At this time, since the separation hole of the pin-shaped member 54 is formed in a tapered shape downward, it is easy to fill the mortar without a gap. Thereby, the integrity of concrete and the mortar which closes a hole is good, and the high quality hybrid pile which can exhibit high watertightness, airtightness, and long-term durability can be manufactured. After the hole closing step S36, the mold pile is removed in the demolding step S38 to obtain a completed hybrid pile.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same configurations and members as those in the first to third embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 16 (S42), the mold apparatus 10-4 according to the present embodiment includes a mold body 22 and a holding apparatus 24. The holding apparatus 24 is a pin-shaped member described in the second embodiment. 38A and the suspension support device 50 described in the third embodiment. That is, the holding device 24 includes a pin-like member 38A as the first locking portion 36 that locks both ends of the wooden core member 12, and a second locking portion 48 that supports the wooden core member 12 from the upper end. The suspension support device 50 is included.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20-4 of this embodiment will be described together with the fourth embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, in this embodiment, the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile includes a core holding step S42, a placing step S44, and a demolding step S48, as in the above embodiment. In the present embodiment, in the pre-process S40, the pin receiving holes 40 are formed on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12, and the pin-shaped members 58 of the suspension device 50 are connected to each other from above the wooden core member 12 in a lying state. Lock in a spaced position. In the lead holding step S42, the wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the suspension device 50 is fixed to the mold body 22, and the pin-shaped member 38 is attached to both ends of the wooden core member 12. The center axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is inserted into the pin receiving hole 40 and held in a state of being aligned with the center axis PX of the placement space 26. In this holding state, concrete is placed in the placement step S44. In the hole closing step S46 after the placing step S44, first, the pin-like members 38A on both ends and the pin-like members of the suspension device 50 in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S44 is completely cured. 54 is disengaged. The holes are then closed by adding mortar to the holes while slightly vibrating near the holes where the pin-like members 38A and 54 have been removed. In the hole closing step S46, first, the pin-like members 38A at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mold apparatus 20 are first removed and filled with mortar while giving a slight vibration, and then the hole is closed. It is preferable to close the hole by removing the pin-shaped member 54 and filling the mortar with fine vibration. After the hole closing step S46, the mold is removed in the demolding step S38 to complete the hybrid pile.

  The formwork apparatus of the present invention described above is not limited to the configuration of only the above-described embodiment, and may be modified arbitrarily without departing from the essence of the present invention described in the claims. Good.

  The hybrid pile and formwork apparatus of the present invention and the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile can be used as a foundation pile for ground improvement when constructing civil engineering and buildings, for example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hybrid pile 12 Wooden core member 14 Concrete coating | covering part 20, 20-2, 20-3, 20-4 Formwork apparatus 22 Formwork body 24 Holding apparatus 26 Placing space 34 End formwork member 36 Locking part 38 , 38A Pin-shaped member 40 Pin receiving hole 48 Locking portion 50 Suspension support device 52 Mounting base portion 54 Pin-shaped member

  The present invention relates to a hybrid pile and a formwork apparatus used for ground improvement and the like, and a method for manufacturing a hybrid pile.

When constructing civil engineering structures and structures such as retaining walls, abutments and revetments, there are many cases that require liquefaction countermeasures for construction sites and soft ground improvements. As the ground improvement method, for example, a replacement method, a shallow layer processing method, a deep layer processing method, a loading industry, a dewatering method, a pile method and the like are known. The pile construction method is a method of reinforcing a ground by driving a wooden pile or a concrete pile into the ground, for example. As for wooden piles, pine piles are mainly used, but in order to prevent them from being decayed by aerobic wood decay fungi, it is important that they are always submerged by driving below normal water level. However, since the groundwater level fluctuates due to precipitation and the surrounding environment, recently, as a countermeasure, antiseptic treatment is performed by injecting or applying a chemical solution to a wooden pile. However, wooden pile subjected to preservative treatment is expensive in low market competitiveness, chemical another object of environmental pollution by the elution groundwater, if the durability over a period even embalming material by chemical Since it cannot be secured, wooden piles are only used for temporary structures, and recently, reinforced concrete piles with high strength and excellent durability have been used. However, since the reinforced concrete pile has a hollow structure, the manufacturing equipment and the manufacturing process are complicated, and a large amount of reinforcing steel bars is required.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of a composite pile using wood and soil cement. In the soil cement composite pile of Patent Document 1, band-shaped metal fittings are attached at predetermined intervals in the length direction of a wooden rod-shaped core material, and resistance wings protrude from the outer surface of the band-shaped metal material. It was embedded in a cement pillar.

JP 2007-21480 A

  However, since the soil cement composite pile of Patent Document 1 is an organic matter solid substance obtained by blending cement with clay or earth and sand generated locally, it is porous and physically poor in airtightness and water permeability. There is a lack of antiseptic function of the wood used as the core material, and there is anxiety about the long-term reliability of the quality function associated with the corrosion of the wooden rod-shaped core material, and the complicated work process at the construction site of the soil cement composite pile and the potential here There were problems due to quality fluctuation factors and high costs resulting from human error and differences in local soil quality.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and one object of the present invention is to maintain the thickness of the concrete covering portion covering the wooden core member at a predetermined thickness, thereby preserving and protecting the wood. It is providing the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile and a formwork apparatus which can be manufactured at low cost by having ensured, and a hybrid pile.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a long wooden core member 12 on one side, and the entire wooden core member 12 is covered with concrete so that the outer contour is formed into a pile shape. A formwork device for manufacturing a hybrid pile 10 having a concrete covering portion 14 in which a wooden core member 12 is arranged in a state where the central axis of the core member 12 is substantially aligned , and concrete is cast inside is set to have a striking設空between 26 to form a predetermined pile shape, arranged so that the mold body 22 of concrete is removed after curing, whole punch設空between 26 of the mold body 22 is accommodated And a holding device that holds the wooden core member 12 in a state in which the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 and the central axis PX of the placement space 26 are substantially aligned with each other. The

  Further, the holding device 24 may include locking portions 36 and 48 that lock the wooden core member 12 at both ends in the longitudinal direction or at a plurality of locations separated in the longitudinal direction.

  Further, the locking portions 36 may be attached to a pair of formwork end elements (34) disposed opposite to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the formwork body 22, respectively. The mold frame end element includes, for example, an end mold member 34 that closes both longitudinal ends of the mold.

  Further, the locking portion 36 is provided so as to project inwardly from the pair of formwork end elements, and pin-like members 38 and 38A for locking the protruding tip portions to substantially core positions on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12. It is good also as including. If the pin receiving holes 40 are drilled in both end faces of the wooden core member 12 and the pin-shaped members 38 and 38A are engaged, the wooden core member 12 can be held more securely.

  Further, the pin-shaped member 38A is provided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction so as to advance and retreat into the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, and the state in which the wooden core member 12 is locked and the inside of the mold body 22 It is also possible to selectively switch between the state of evacuation from the state.

  Further, the mold body 22 is disposed with the longitudinal direction thereof oriented in the lateral direction, and the locking portion 48 accommodates the wooden core member 12 accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 with the longitudinal direction being laterally arranged. It is good also as including the suspension support apparatus 50 latched in the shape of a suspension support from the upper direction of the mold body 22. FIG.

  The suspension device 50 is attached to the upper end side of the mold body 22 so as to be detachable, and is attached to the attachment base portion 52 so as to be suspended from the attachment base portion 52, and the lower end is pierced into the wooden core member 12. It is good also as having the suspension type pin-shaped member 54 which hold | maintains this wooden core member 12 in a center alignment position by latching.

  In the present invention, the long wooden core member 12 is placed in the placement space 26 of the mold apparatus 20 having the placement space 26 that forms a predetermined pile shape with a size that accommodates the entire wooden core member 12. The core holding steps S12, S22, S32, S42 for holding the wooden core member 12 and the respective center axes of the pile shape through the holding device 24 in a substantially aligned state, and in the placement space 26 of the formwork device 22 In the state where the wooden core member 12 is held, concrete is placed in the placement space so as to cover the entire wooden core member 12, and the molding apparatus 22 is subjected to the placement steps S14, S24, S34, and S44. Demolding steps S16, S28, S38, and S48 for removing the formwork device 20 after the set concrete is hardened and covering the entire wooden core member 12 with concrete to obtain a hybrid pile formed into a pile shape. It consists of the production method of the hybrid pile.

  Further, before the core holding steps S12, S22, there are included drilling steps S10, S20 for forming pin receiving holes of a predetermined depth on both longitudinal end faces of the wooden core member. In the core holding steps S12, S24, The pin-shaped members 38 and 38A attached to project from the opposite ends in the longitudinal direction of the frame device 20 are used as the holding device 24, and the tip portions of the pin-shaped members 38 and 38A are locked to both ends of the wooden core member 12. The wooden core member 12 may be held.

Further, in the core holding steps S34 and S44, the pin-shaped member 54 that hangs from the upper side of the formwork device 22 and locks the wooden core member 12 in a laid-down state is used as the holding device 24. the lower end engages with the wooden core member 12, it is also possible to hold the the wood-made core member 12.

  In the lead holding steps S22, S32, and S42, a plurality of pin-like members 38, 38A, and 54 that are locked at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member or at a plurality of positions on the peripheral surface are used as the holding device 24. , 38A and 54, the wooden core member 12 is held in the centered position in the placement space 26 of the mold apparatus 20, and after the placing steps S24, S34 and S44, before the concrete is completely cured. In a semi-solid state, the pin-like members 38, 38A, 54 are detached, and a hole is replenished by refilling the filler or vibrating in place to close the holes where the concrete pin-like members 38, 38A, 54 have been detached. It is good also as including hole closing process S26, S36, and S46. The semi-solidified state of the cast concrete is an uncured state and is solidified to such an extent that the wooden core member is not subjected to the buoyancy effect on the concrete covering it. The hole closing steps S26, S36, and S46 are performed, for example, approximately 60 minutes to 100 minutes after the placing step of placing concrete.

Moreover, this invention is comprised from the hybrid pile 10 manufactured by the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile in any one of the said.

  According to the hybrid pile of the present invention, a long wooden core member on one side and the entire wooden core member are covered with concrete so that the outer contour is formed into a pile shape, and the center of the wooden core member is positioned at the center axis position of the pile shape. Because it is equipped with a concrete cover with a wooden core member arranged in a state where the shaft is substantially centered, it has higher strength and durability compared to wooden piles, and is lighter and less expensive than concrete piles Hybrid piles that can be manufactured in the same way can be manufactured with high strength without variation in strength, improve long-term durability, and are highly practical as foundation piles that are driven into the ground.

  Moreover, according to the formwork apparatus of this invention, it is a formwork apparatus for manufacturing the hybrid pile formed in the shape of a pile by covering the whole long wooden core member with a concrete covering part, and concrete is contained inside. A mold body having a placement space that is placed to form a predetermined pile shape, and a wooden core member disposed so as to be entirely accommodated in the placement space of the mold body. Since the holding device that holds the central axis and the central axis of the placement space in a substantially aligned state, it is possible to reliably form the wooden core member surface to a concrete covering thickness, Homogeneous hybrid piles can be manufactured, there is no variation in strength, long-term durability is maintained, and hybrid piles with high practicality can be easily provided.

  In addition, the holding device has a locking portion that locks the longitudinal ends of the wooden core member or a plurality of locations separated in the longitudinal direction, so that a spacer that becomes an obstacle to filling from the placement space of the formwork device Durable, high-quality hybrid piles can be manufactured by eliminating concrete, improving concrete filling performance and reliably obtaining dense coated concrete with high water tightness.

  In addition, the locking portion is configured to be attached to a pair of mold frame end elements arranged opposite to each other at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mold body, so that the locking portion can be simplified when the mold body is assembled. The wooden core member can be securely and smoothly locked and held at a predetermined centering position.

  Further, the locking portion includes a pin-like member that protrudes inwardly facing from the pair of formwork end elements, and that locks the protruding tip portion at a substantially core position on both end faces of the wooden core member. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a formwork apparatus that can reliably hold the wooden core member in a predetermined position with a simple configuration, and the operation of locking the wooden core member can be easily performed in a short time.

  Further, the pin-like member is provided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction so as to advance and retreat into the casting space of the mold body, and the state in which the wooden core member is locked and the state in which the pin-like member is retracted from the inside of the mold body. , The pin-shaped member can be detached before the concrete covering the wooden core member is cured to some extent and completely cured, and the pin-shaped member in an uncured state. By carrying out the process of closing the holes of the traces that have left, the hybrid pile having watertightness can be manufactured without impairing the integrity of the coated concrete.

  In addition, the mold body is disposed with the longitudinal direction thereof oriented in the lateral direction, and the locking portion includes a wooden core member accommodated in the placement space of the mold body with the longitudinal direction laterally above the mold body. By adopting a configuration including a suspension support device that locks in the form of a suspension support, a formwork device that can securely hold the wooden core member in a predetermined position with a simple configuration can be manufactured, and the wooden core member can be locked. Work can be done easily and quickly.

  In addition, the suspension device is attached to the upper end side of the mold body so as to be detachable, and is attached to the attachment base portion so as to hang downward from the attachment base portion, and the lower end is stuck into the wooden core member and locked. And a suspension-type pin-shaped member that holds the wooden core member in the centering position, thereby making it possible to specifically realize the suspension device with a simple structure and to cover the wooden core member. The pin-shaped member can be detached at a point before it is cured to a certain extent and completely cured, and the integrity of the coated concrete can be improved by performing a process of closing the hole where the pin-shaped member has been removed in an uncured state. A hybrid pile having watertightness can be produced without loss.

  Further, according to the present invention, a long wooden core member is placed on one side and a holding device is provided in a placement space of a formwork apparatus having a placement space that forms a predetermined pile shape with a size that accommodates the whole wooden core member. A core holding step for holding the wooden core member and the center axis of the pile shape in a substantially aligned state, and holding the wooden core member in the placement space of the formwork device, Place the concrete in the placement space to cover, and remove the formwork device after the concrete placed on the formwork device is hardened, and cover the whole wooden core member with concrete to make a pile shape And a demolding step for obtaining the formed hybrid pile, so that it is possible to surely form a concrete covering thickness that requires the surface of the wooden core member, a homogeneous hybrid pile can be manufactured, and the strength varies. Long term durability Holds, it can easily provide practical high hybrid pile.

  In addition, before the lead holding step, a drilling step of forming pin receiving holes of a predetermined depth on both longitudinal end surfaces of the wooden lead member is included. A pin-shaped member that protrudes in the direction is used as a holding device, and the tip of the pin-shaped member is locked to both ends of the wooden core member to hold the wooden core member. The wooden core member can be securely locked, and even when a concrete inflow pressure or a difference in specific gravity between wood and concrete occurs when placing concrete, the wooden core member deviates from the predetermined alignment position. It is possible to manufacture a high-quality hybrid pile easily.

Further, in the core holding step, a pin-like member that hangs from the upper side of the formwork device and hangs down on the wooden core member in a suspended manner is used as the holding device, and the lower end portion of the pin-like member is engaged with the wooden core member. sealed, by adopting a configuration to hold the the wood-made core member, coated concrete is securely locked to it can wooden core member so as to ensure the thickness substantially uniform coating, the specific gravity of the wood and concrete Even if a difference occurs, it is possible to reliably prevent the wooden core member from shifting from a predetermined alignment position, and to easily manufacture a high-quality hybrid pile.

  Further, in the core holding step, a plurality of pin-shaped members that are locked at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member or at a plurality of positions on the peripheral surface are used as a holding device, and the wooden core member is placed on the formwork device via the pin-shaped members. Hold in the installation space in a centered position with each other, and after the placing process, remove the pin-like member in a semi-solid state before the concrete is completely cured, replenish the filler, or vibrate in place The structure including the hole closing step of closing the hole where the concrete pin-shaped member has been removed is applied to prevent the pin-shaped member from being removed without impairing the integrity of the concrete covering the wooden core member. The hole can be closed, and a high-quality hybrid pile with high water tightness can be manufactured substantially uniformly.

It is a section explanatory view of a hybrid pile concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is an AA line cross-sectional enlarged view of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is a perspective view of a formwork device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the formwork apparatus of FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the formwork apparatus of FIG. 5. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the other Example of the wooden core member of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is explanatory drawing at the time of ground improvement with the hybrid pile of FIG. It is an expanded sectional explanatory view which omitted a part of formwork device concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile using the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is a perspective explanatory view of the formwork device concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional enlarged view of the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile using the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the formwork apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and a hybrid pile.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a hybrid pile and formwork apparatus and a method for manufacturing a hybrid pile according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The hybrid pile according to the present invention is, for example, a foundation pile that is driven into the ground to improve the ground, and is a composite pile configured by combining two kinds of materials of wood and concrete. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of the hybrid pile of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, in this embodiment, the hybrid pile 10 includes a wooden core member 12 and a concrete covering portion 14. The hybrid pile 10 of this embodiment is a precast type foundation pile manufactured in advance in a factory, and is used after being transported to the site.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the wooden core member 12 is a core member of the hybrid pile 10, and is formed long on one side along the longitudinal direction of the pile. The wooden core member 12 is made of, for example, a peeled log obtained by cutting a cut cedar into a predetermined length (about 4 m) and peeling off the skin. For example, if the wooden core member 12 is a straight material obtained by stripping a bark from a raw tree, it can be used as it is without requiring any shaping of the outer shape. The wood core member is preferably made of wood having a moisture content of wood of at least 60%. In the case of dry wood, it is preferable to use a wet wood in advance. In addition, you may set the kind of wood, length, the magnitude | size of a diameter, etc. arbitrarily. By using a hybrid pile with a wooden core, the amount of concrete forming the pile can be reduced, and the weight of the pile can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

The concrete covering portion (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “covering portion”) 14 is an outer skin portion of the hybrid pile 10 formed by covering the entire wooden core member with concrete. The covering portion 14 is formed with concrete in a state where the wooden core member 12 is held in a formwork device 20 to be described later, and then hardened, whereby the outer contour is formed in a pile shape. By covering the wooden core member 12 with the concrete covering portion 14, the strength and durability are improved. Covering section 14 is formed by using a mold device 20, the thickness i.e. the thickness of the coating concrete example 30mm or more from the wooden core member 12, may more preferably be formed by securing or 40 mm. Therefore, the diameter of the wooden core member 12 is selected in consideration of the thickness of the covering portion 14 that can secure the covering thickness of the concrete if the outer shape of the covering portion 14, that is, the size of the hybrid pile 10 is used as a reference, or the wood is cut or the like Then, it may be processed into a predetermined diameter. In this embodiment, the outer shape of the covering portion 14 is, for example, about 10% longer than the wooden core member 12 and one end is formed in a sharp shape. It can be placed and stacked in a stable state. The covering portion 14 is formed by arranging the wooden core member 12 inside in a state where the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the center axis position CX of the pile shape.

  In the present embodiment, as will be described later, when the covering portion 14 is formed by the formwork device 20, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12 are locked by the pin-shaped member 38 and held in a predetermined position. However, the removal holes 16 of the pin-like members 38 that are removed together with the formwork device 20 remain at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the covering portion 14 after the formwork device 20 is removed. The separation hole 16 after the pin-shaped member is separated is filled with a filler such as mortar so as to close the hole, and is solidified to form a hole filling portion 18. Thereby, the wooden core member 12 is completely sealed by the covering concrete, and the wooden core member functions as a hybrid pile in a healthy state for a long time. In addition, as will be described later, when the covering portion 14 is formed, the concrete may be cured to some extent and the pin-like member 38 may be detached before the concrete is completely cured, and the concrete may be completely cured after the separation hole is closed. .

  In the hybrid pile 10 of the present embodiment, the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the central axis CX of the concrete covering portion 14, so that the concrete covering portion 14 to be coated has a thickness according to a predetermined design. It has no variation in strength and can maintain long-term durability. As shown in FIG. 9, the hybrid pile 10 is applied to a pile foundation method in which, for example, a plurality of piles are driven into a ground for constructing a building or the like at a predetermined interval to improve the ground to have high strength and stability. Used. When driving the hybrid pile 10, the ground is improved by driving directly into the ground with a heavy machine or the like, or driving into a hole previously drilled in the ground with an auger or a preceding pile. In addition, as shown to FIG. 8 (a), (b), (c), the wooden core member 12 prevents the crack of the concrete coating part 14 which coat | covers the circumference | surroundings, for example, and improves the intensity | strength of a pile. For this purpose, reinforcing reinforcing bars 42, 44 and 46 may be attached to the periphery. In FIG. 8A, the reinforcing bar 42 is fixed around the wooden core member 12 in a spiral shape. In FIG. 8B, a plurality of reinforcing bars 44 are arranged around the wooden core member 12 along the axial direction. The spiral reinforcing bars may be arranged around the wooden core member while the spiral reinforcing bars are interlaced with the reinforcing bars 44. In FIG. 8C, a plurality of reinforcing bars 46 are arranged along the axial direction so as to be separated from the wooden core member 12, and nail-like legs projecting from both ends and intermediate positions of the reinforcing bars 46 toward the wooden core member. The tip of the body 46a is fixed by being driven into the wooden core member 12. At this time, the driving depth of the leg is set so that the reinforcing bar 46 is positioned at an intermediate portion of the concrete covering portion 14. In addition, you may fix a helical rebar to the reinforcing bar 46 as needed. In the aspect using a reinforcing bar for this hybrid pile, the amount of reinforcing bars can be reduced to about 50% or less as compared with a conventionally known reinforced concrete pile. Moreover, you may use fiber reinforced concrete for formation of the coating | coated part 14 of the hybrid pile 10, and intensity | strength can be maintained even if it further reduces the amount of reinforcing bars in this case.

  Next, a first embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. In this embodiment, the formwork apparatus 20 is a formwork for manufacturing the hybrid pile 10 described above, and holds the formwork body 22 on which concrete is placed and the wooden core member in the formwork body 22. Holding device 24.

  The mold body 22 is a main body portion of the mold having a placement space 26 for placing concrete therein to form a pile shape. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, in this embodiment, the mold body 22 is, for example, formed so that the placement space 26 is large enough to accommodate the entire wooden core member 12 inside and long in one side. In addition, one end side that becomes the tip of the pile is gradually formed narrower, and a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is formed in a regular octagonal space. For example, the mold body 22 is manufactured in a state in which the hybrid pile 10 is laid sideways, and a plurality of mold frames are formed so as to form the above-described pile-shaped placement space 26 in a horizontally long shape with the longitudinal direction directed sideways. The members (30 to 34) are assembled and can be disassembled. The mold body 22 includes, for example, a support portion 28 for installation on the floor, a bottom mold member 30 formed long on one side, and two pieces assembled on both sides along the longitudinal direction of the bottom mold member 30. A pair of side formwork members 32 and a pair of two end formwork members 34 assembled to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the bottom formwork member 30 are included. A space surrounded by the plurality of mold member members 30 to 34 is a placement space 26, and the top surface side of the mold body 22, that is, the side corresponding to one side surface of the hybrid pile 10 is opened 35. Concrete is cast. The bottom mold member 30 is formed in a recess whose upper surface side is open in an inverted C shape. The side mold member 32 is formed of vertical surfaces parallel to each other on the lower side from the height intermediate position, the upper side protrudes inwardly in a triangular shape, and the lower end side is opposed to the bottom mold member 30. It is assembled so that it can pivot and support. The end mold member 34 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and a lower end portion is detachably attached to both longitudinal ends of the bottom mold member 30. The formwork apparatus 20 is locked by a lock device (not shown) and placed in concrete in a state where the side formwork member 32 and the end formwork member 34 are assembled to form an octagonal pile-shaped placement space 26. After the mold device 20 is cured for a predetermined time and the concrete is hardened, the lock device is released, the mold members (30 to 34) are disassembled, and the hybrid pile formed inside is taken out. Note that the mold body 22 may include a top mold member that closes the top surface side.

  The holding device 24 is a holding unit that holds the wooden core member 12 accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 at a predetermined centering position, and the wooden core member is positioned at the center axis PX position of the placement space 26. The wooden core member 12 is held in a state where the center axis of 12 is substantially aligned. Thereby, the hybrid pile 10 in which the center axis WX position of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the center axis CX position of the pile-shaped concrete covering 14 formed by placing concrete on the formwork device 20 is reliably secured. Can be formed.

  In the present embodiment, the holding device 24 includes a locking portion 36 that locks both ends of the wooden core member 12 in the longitudinal direction. The locking portion 36 includes, for example, pin-shaped members 38 that are respectively attached to the end mold members 34 of the mold body 22. The pin-shaped member 38 is provided on the inner wall surface of the end mold member 34 so as to project inward from a position corresponding to the center axis position PX of the placement space 26 formed when the mold member is assembled. The pin-shaped member 38 is made of, for example, metal, and has a sharp tip and a base fixed to the end mold member 34. The tip of the pin-shaped member 38 is inserted into a pin receiving hole 40 previously drilled at a substantially core position on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12 and locked from both sides, and the wooden core member 12 is hit. It is suspended and supported in a suspended manner at a predetermined center axis position in the installation space 26. In this state, when concrete is placed in the placement space 26 between the periphery of the wooden core member 12 of the formwork body 22 and the formwork members 30 to 34 and is cured and the concrete is hardened, as described above. In addition, the pin-shaped member 38 is detached from the hybrid pile formed together with the fixed end form member 34. Therefore, the separation holes 16 are formed at both ends of the concrete covering portion 14 of the hybrid pile, and mortar is filled so as to close the separation holes 16 in a later process. In addition, the holding device 24 is not limited to the pin-shaped member as described above, for example, and is configured to lock one or a plurality of intermediate positions in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member, or to fix the wooden core member 12 from below. Or any other configuration such as a structure suspended from above may be used. Alternatively, the pin-like member 38 can be attached to and detached from the end formwork member 34, and can be detached before the concrete is completely cured, or conversely, buried in the concrete covering portion 14 and integrated into a concrete shape. Good. Moreover, the formwork body 22 is not limited to the structure in which the hybrid pile is manufactured in a horizontally laid manner, but may be formed in a vertically long form.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20 of this embodiment will be described together with the first embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile is a method of manufacturing a hybrid pile as described above, and a core holding step S12 for holding the wooden core member 12 to the formwork device 20, It includes a placing step S14 for placing concrete on the formwork device 20 and a demolding step S16 for removing the formwork device 20.

  In this embodiment, the drilling process S10 which forms the pin receiving hole 40 used as the engaging part with the holding | maintenance apparatus 24 of the formwork apparatus 20 in the wooden core member 12 is included as a previous process of the core holding process S12. In the drilling step S10, a pin receiving hole 40 having a size approximately the same as the diameter of the pin-shaped member 38 and a depth of several centimeters by a tool such as a drill at the center position of each end face in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12. Drill a hole.

  In the lead holding step S12, the mold space 22 of the mold device 20 is assembled to form the placement space 26. At this time, the entire wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26, and the pin-shaped member 38 of the holding device 24 is inserted into the pin receiving holes 40 at both ends of the wooden core member 12, so that the wooden core member 12 is Support the delivery form. In this state, the pin-shaped member 38 is provided at a position corresponding to the position of the center axis PX of the placement space 26 as described above, and the pin receiving hole 40 is formed at the center position of the end surface of the wooden core member 12. Therefore, the wooden core member 12 can be reliably held in a state where the central axis position PX of the placement space 26 and the central axis position WX of the wooden core member 12 are substantially aligned.

  In the placing step S <b> 14, concrete is placed in the placing space 26 in a state where the wooden core member 12 is held by the holding device 24 in the mold apparatus 20. Concrete is placed in the placement space 26 around the wooden core member 12 from the opening 35 on the top surface side of the mold body 22, and the concrete is filled up to the opening 35 portion so as to completely cover the entire wooden core member 12 and put into concrete. The coating part 14 is formed. The concrete on the top side of the mold body 22 is leveled and cured, and the concrete is cured.

  In the demolding step S16, after curing for a predetermined time from the placing step S14 and the concrete is hardened, the mold apparatus 20 is disassembled and removed to obtain the hybrid pile 10 formed in a pile shape. In the demolding step S <b> 16, when the end mold member 34 of the mold apparatus 22 is removed, the pin-shaped member 38 is also removed simultaneously with the end mold member 34. Therefore, at the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the concrete covering portion 14 of the hybrid pile 10, the leaving holes 16 that are marks of the removal of the pin-like member 38 remain.

  In the present embodiment, a filling step S18 is included after the demolding step S16, and the filling step S18, for example, fills the release holes 16 at both ends of the concrete covering portion 14 with a filler such as mortar and closes the holes. Thus, the hole filling portion 18 is formed, and the hybrid pile 10 is completed. As a result, the release hole 16 communicating from the end of the concrete covering portion 14 to the end of the internal wooden core member 12 is closed like a plug, and the internal wooden core member 12 is deteriorated by contact with air or the like. Can be prevented satisfactorily. Thus, in the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention, a hybrid pile in which the center axis of the wooden core member and the center axis of the concrete covering portion are substantially aligned can be easily manufactured, and has high strength and high durability. The hybrid pile 10 can be provided while maintaining a certain quality.

  Next, a second embodiment of the mold apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same configurations and the same members as those of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The mold apparatus 10-2 according to the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment and includes the mold body 22 and the holding device 24. However, the configuration of the pin-like member of the holding apparatus 24 is the same. This is different from the above embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the pin-shaped member 38 </ b> A is detachably attached to the end formwork member 34. The pin-like member 38A is provided so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction through the through hole 34a of the end form member 34, and is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in the placement space 26. In a state where the pin-shaped member 38A has advanced into the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the tip of the pin-shaped member 38A is engaged with the end portion of the wooden core member 12 disposed at the centering position in the placement space 26. The wooden core member can be stopped and held at a predetermined alignment position. On the other hand, when the pin-shaped member 38A is retracted from the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 and is released, the holding of the wooden core member by the pin-shaped member is released.

Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20 of this embodiment will be described together with the second embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile is similar to the first embodiment, in the drilling step S20, the core holding step S22, the placing step S24, the demolding step S28, including. Each step is performed in substantially the same manner as in the above embodiment. In the present embodiment, it includes a hole closure step S26 between the pouring step S24 and the demolding step S 28. In the hole closing step S26, first, the pin-shaped member 38A is detached in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S24 is completely cured. The semi-solid state of the concrete can be said to be a state in which, for example, the concrete is hardened to some extent after 60 to 100 minutes have passed since the concrete is placed and the wooden core member 12 does not receive the buoyancy effect on the concrete. Therefore, the wooden core member 12 is held at a predetermined centering position by the pin-shaped member 38A of the holding device 24 at the time of concrete placing and at the initial stage of curing and solidifying of the concrete, and the pin-shaped member is released at the later stage of curing and solidifying of the concrete. Thus, the position of the wooden core member is held by the concrete itself solidified to some extent. In the hole closing step S26, the hole is closed by filling the hole with mortar while applying slight vibration in the vicinity of the hole where the pin-shaped member 38A has been removed. As a result, in this embodiment, the concrete is better integrated than the case where the release hole is closed with the filler after the concrete is completely cured as in the first embodiment, and higher water tightness, air tightness and long-term durability. Can produce high-quality hybrid piles. After the hole closing step S26, the mold is removed in the demolding step S28. At this time, no separation hole remains and a completed hybrid pile is obtained.

  Next, a third embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same configurations and members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The formwork device 10-3 according to the present embodiment includes the formwork body 22 and the holding device 24, but the configuration of the holding device 24 is different from that of the above embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the present embodiment, the holding device 24 includes a locking portion 58 that locks two places spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12 from above. Have. That is, the locking portion 58 includes a suspension device 50 that locks the wooden core member 12 housed in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 from above the mold body 22 in a suspended shape.

  The suspension device 50 includes an attachment base portion 52 that is detachably attached to the upper end of the side mold member 32 of the mold body 22, a suspension-type pin-like member 54 that extends downward from the attachment base portion 52, and Have The mounting base 52 is formed, for example, by bending a metal plate so that the intermediate position rises in a stepped manner, and both ends thereof are detachably fixed to the upper end of the side mold member 32 via set bolts 60. Is done. A female thread portion that is screwed into the set bolt 60 is formed at the upper end of the side mold member of the mold body 22. A hole through which the pin-like member 54 passes is provided at an intermediate position of the mounting base portion 52. The pin-shaped member 54 is formed of a tapered helical screw whose diameter gradually decreases toward the tip, and a flat washer 56 is attached to the top portion side. For example, the pin-like member 54 is inserted into the hole from above the attachment base portion 52, and the washer 56 is detachably fixed to the attachment base portion 52 via a thumbscrew 58. The pin-shaped member 54 is locked by tightening its tip from the outer peripheral surface of the wooden core member 12 and adjusting the screwing depth thereof so that the central axis of the wooden core member 12 is substantially the central axis of the placement space 26. It can be adjusted to the centering position. Thus, by holding the wooden core member 12 in a predetermined alignment position by the suspension support device 50, it is possible to secure the appropriate thickness and manufacture the concrete covering portion 14.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20-3 of this embodiment will be described together with the third embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile includes core holding process S32, placing process S34, and demolding process S38 similarly to 1st Embodiment. In the present embodiment, in the pre-process S30, the pin-shaped members 58 of the suspension device 50 are locked at positions separated from each other from above the wooden core member 12 in a laid-down state. In the core holding step S32, the wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the mounting base portion 52 of the suspension device 50 is fixed to the mold body 22, and the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is secured. Is held in a state of being substantially aligned with the center axis PX of the placement space 26. In this state, concrete is placed in the placement step S34.

  After the placing step S34, there is a hole closing step S36. In the hole closing step S36, first, the suspension device 50 is in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S34 is completely cured. The pin-shaped member 54 is removed. In the hole closing step S36, mortar is additionally filled in the vicinity of the hole where the pin-like member 54 has been removed, and the hole is closed. At this time, since the separation hole of the pin-shaped member 54 is formed in a tapered shape downward, it is easy to fill the mortar without a gap. Thereby, the integrity of concrete and the mortar which closes a hole is good, and the high quality hybrid pile which can exhibit high watertightness, airtightness, and long-term durability can be manufactured. After the hole closing step S36, the mold pile is removed in the demolding step S38 to obtain a completed hybrid pile.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same configurations and members as those in the first to third embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 16 (S42), the mold apparatus 10-4 according to the present embodiment includes a mold body 22 and a holding apparatus 24. The holding apparatus 24 is a pin-shaped member described in the second embodiment. 38A and the suspension support device 50 described in the third embodiment. That is, the holding device 24 includes a pin-like member 38A as the first locking portion 36 that locks both ends of the wooden core member 12, and a second locking portion 48 that supports the wooden core member 12 from the upper end. The suspension support device 50 is included.

Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20-4 of this embodiment will be described together with the fourth embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, in this embodiment, the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile includes a core holding step S42, a placing step S44, and a demolding step S48, as in the above embodiment. In the present embodiment, in the pre-process S40, the pin receiving holes 40 are formed on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12, and the pin-shaped members 58 of the suspension device 50 are connected to each other from above the wooden core member 12 in a lying state. Lock in a spaced position. In the lead holding step S42, the wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the suspension device 50 is fixed to the mold body 22, and the pin-shaped member 38 is attached to both ends of the wooden core member 12. The center axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is inserted into the pin receiving hole 40 and held in a state of being aligned with the center axis PX of the placement space 26. In this holding state, concrete is placed in the placement step S44. In the hole closing step S46 after the placing step S44, first, the pin-like members 38A on both ends and the pin-like members of the suspension device 50 in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S44 is completely cured. 54 is disengaged. The holes are then closed by adding mortar to the holes while slightly vibrating near the holes where the pin-like members 38A and 54 have been removed. In the hole closing step S46, first, the pin-like members 38A at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mold apparatus 20 are first removed and filled with mortar while giving a slight vibration, and then the hole is closed. It is preferable to close the hole by removing the pin-shaped member 54 and filling the mortar with fine vibration. Hybrid pile formwork is removed by demolding step S 48 is completed after the hole closure step S46.

  The formwork apparatus of the present invention described above is not limited to the configuration of only the above-described embodiment, and may be modified arbitrarily without departing from the essence of the present invention described in the claims. Good.

  The hybrid pile and formwork apparatus of the present invention and the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile can be used as a foundation pile for ground improvement when constructing civil engineering and buildings, for example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hybrid pile 12 Wooden core member 14 Concrete coating | covering part 20, 20-2, 20-3, 20-4 Formwork apparatus 22 Formwork body 24 Holding apparatus 26 Placing space 34 End formwork member 36 Locking part 38 , 38A Pin-shaped member 40 Pin receiving hole 48 Locking portion 50 Suspension support device 52 Mounting base portion 54 Pin-shaped member

The present invention relates to a form apparatus for a hybrid pile used for ground improvement and the like, and a method for manufacturing a hybrid pile.

  When constructing civil engineering structures and structures such as retaining walls, abutments and revetments, there are many cases that require liquefaction countermeasures for construction sites and soft ground improvements. As the ground improvement method, for example, a replacement method, a shallow layer processing method, a deep layer processing method, a loading industry, a dewatering method, a pile method and the like are known. The pile construction method is a method of reinforcing a ground by driving a wooden pile or a concrete pile into the ground, for example. As for wooden piles, pine piles are mainly used, but in order to prevent them from being decayed by aerobic wood decay fungi, it is important that they are always submerged by driving below normal water level. However, since the groundwater level fluctuates due to precipitation and the surrounding environment, recently, as a countermeasure, antiseptic treatment is performed by injecting or applying a chemical solution to a wooden pile. However, wood piles that have undergone antiseptic treatment are expensive and have low market competitiveness, and the chemical solution elutes into the groundwater. Since it cannot be secured, wooden piles are only used for temporary structures, and recently, reinforced concrete piles with high strength and excellent durability have been used. However, since the reinforced concrete pile has a hollow structure, the manufacturing equipment and the manufacturing process are complicated, and a large amount of reinforcing steel bars is required.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of a composite pile using wood and soil cement. In the soil cement composite pile of Patent Document 1, band-shaped metal fittings are attached at predetermined intervals in the length direction of a wooden rod-shaped core material, and resistance wings protrude from the outer surface of the band-shaped metal material. It was embedded in a cement pillar.

JP 2007-21480 A

  However, since the soil cement composite pile of Patent Document 1 is an organic matter solid substance obtained by blending cement with clay or earth and sand generated locally, it is porous and physically poor in airtightness and water permeability. There is a lack of antiseptic function of the wood used as the core material, and there is anxiety about the long-term reliability of the quality function associated with the corrosion of the wooden rod-shaped core material, and the complicated work process at the construction site of the soil cement composite pile and the potential here There were problems due to quality fluctuation factors and high costs resulting from human error and differences in local soil quality.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and one object of the present invention is to maintain the thickness of the concrete covering portion covering the wooden core member at a predetermined thickness, thereby preserving and protecting the wood. It is in providing the formwork apparatus which can manufacture a hybrid pile at low cost, and the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a long wooden core member 12 on one side, and the entire wooden core member 12 is covered with concrete so that the outer contour is formed into a pile shape. A formwork device for manufacturing a hybrid pile 10 having a concrete covering portion 14 in which a wooden core member 12 is arranged in a state where the central axis of the core member 12 is substantially aligned, and concrete is cast inside A casting space 26 that is provided and forms a predetermined pile shape, and is disposed so as to be entirely accommodated in the casting space 26 of the mold body 22 that is removed after the concrete has hardened. And a holding device that holds the wooden core member 12 in a state in which the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 and the central axis PX of the placement space 26 are substantially aligned with each other. The

  Further, the holding device 24 may include locking portions 36 and 48 that lock the wooden core member 12 at both ends in the longitudinal direction or at a plurality of locations separated in the longitudinal direction.

  Further, the locking portions 36 may be attached to a pair of formwork end elements (34) disposed opposite to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the formwork body 22, respectively. The mold frame end element includes, for example, an end mold member 34 that closes both longitudinal ends of the mold.

  Further, the locking portion 36 is provided so as to project inwardly from the pair of formwork end elements, and pin-like members 38 and 38A for locking the protruding tip portions to substantially core positions on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12. It is good also as including. If the pin receiving holes 40 are drilled in both end faces of the wooden core member 12 and the pin-shaped members 38 and 38A are engaged, the wooden core member 12 can be held more securely.

  Further, the pin-shaped member 38A is provided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction so as to advance and retreat into the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, and the state in which the wooden core member 12 is locked and the inside of the mold body 22 It is also possible to selectively switch between the state of evacuation from the state.

  Further, the mold body 22 is disposed with the longitudinal direction thereof oriented in the lateral direction, and the locking portion 48 accommodates the wooden core member 12 accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 with the longitudinal direction being laterally arranged. It is good also as including the suspension support apparatus 50 latched in the shape of a suspension support from the upper direction of the mold body 22. FIG.

  The suspension device 50 is attached to the upper end side of the mold body 22 so as to be detachable, and is attached to the attachment base portion 52 so as to be suspended from the attachment base portion 52, and the lower end is pierced into the wooden core member 12. It is good also as having the suspension type pin-shaped member 54 which hold | maintains this wooden core member 12 in a center alignment position by latching.

  In the present invention, the long wooden core member 12 is placed in the placement space 26 of the mold apparatus 20 having the placement space 26 that forms a predetermined pile shape with a size that accommodates the entire wooden core member 12. The core holding steps S12, S22, S32, S42 for holding the wooden core member 12 and the respective center axes of the pile shape through the holding device 24 in a substantially aligned state, and in the placement space 26 of the formwork device 22 In the state where the wooden core member 12 is held, concrete is placed in the placement space so as to cover the entire wooden core member 12, and the molding apparatus 22 is subjected to the placement steps S14, S24, S34, and S44. Demolding steps S16, S28, S38, and S48 for removing the formwork device 20 after the set concrete is hardened and covering the entire wooden core member 12 with concrete to obtain a hybrid pile formed into a pile shape. It consists of the production method of the hybrid pile.

  Further, before the core holding steps S12, S22, there are included drilling steps S10, S20 for forming pin receiving holes of a predetermined depth on both longitudinal end faces of the wooden core member. In the core holding steps S12, S24, The pin-shaped members 38 and 38A attached to project from the opposite ends in the longitudinal direction of the frame device 20 are used as the holding device 24, and the tip portions of the pin-shaped members 38 and 38A are locked to both ends of the wooden core member 12. The wooden core member 12 may be held.

  Further, in the core holding steps S34 and S44, the pin-shaped member 54 that hangs from the upper side of the formwork device 22 and locks the wooden core member 12 in a laid-down state is used as the holding device 24. The lower end portion may be engaged with the wooden core member 12 to hold the wooden core member 12.

  In the lead holding steps S22, S32, and S42, a plurality of pin-like members 38, 38A, and 54 that are locked at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member or at a plurality of positions on the peripheral surface are used as the holding device 24. , 38A and 54, the wooden core member 12 is held in the centered position in the placement space 26 of the mold apparatus 20, and after the placing steps S24, S34 and S44, before the concrete is completely cured. In a semi-solid state, the pin-like members 38, 38A, 54 are detached, and a hole is replenished by refilling the filler or vibrating in place to close the holes where the concrete pin-like members 38, 38A, 54 have been detached. It is good also as including hole closing process S26, S36, and S46. The semi-solidified state of the cast concrete is an uncured state and is solidified to such an extent that the wooden core member is not subjected to the buoyancy effect on the concrete covering it. The hole closing steps S26, S36, and S46 are performed, for example, approximately 60 minutes to 100 minutes after the placing step of placing concrete.

  According to the hybrid pile, a long wooden core member on one side and the whole wooden core member are covered with concrete so that the outer contour is formed into a pile shape, and the central axis of the wooden core member is approximately at the center axis position of the pile shape. Because it is equipped with a concrete cover with a wooden core member arranged in a centered state, it is stronger and more durable than wood piles, and can be manufactured at a lower cost and at a lower cost than concrete piles. Hybrid piles can be manufactured while maintaining high quality without variation in strength, improving long-term durability, and being highly practical as a foundation pile driven into the ground.

  Moreover, according to the formwork apparatus of this invention, it is a formwork apparatus for manufacturing the hybrid pile formed in the shape of a pile by covering the whole long wooden core member with a concrete covering part, and concrete is contained inside. A mold body having a placement space that is placed to form a predetermined pile shape, and a wooden core member disposed so as to be entirely accommodated in the placement space of the mold body. Since the holding device that holds the central axis and the central axis of the placement space in a substantially aligned state, it is possible to reliably form the wooden core member surface to a concrete covering thickness, Homogeneous hybrid piles can be manufactured, there is no variation in strength, long-term durability is maintained, and hybrid piles with high practicality can be easily provided.

  In addition, the holding device has a locking portion that locks the longitudinal ends of the wooden core member or a plurality of locations separated in the longitudinal direction, so that a spacer that becomes an obstacle to filling from the placement space of the formwork device Durable, high-quality hybrid piles can be manufactured by eliminating concrete, improving concrete filling performance and reliably obtaining dense coated concrete with high water tightness.

  In addition, the locking portion is configured to be attached to a pair of mold frame end elements arranged opposite to each other at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mold body, so that the locking portion can be simplified when the mold body is assembled. The wooden core member can be securely and smoothly locked and held at a predetermined centering position.

  Further, the locking portion includes a pin-like member that protrudes inwardly facing from the pair of formwork end elements, and that locks the protruding tip portion at a substantially core position on both end faces of the wooden core member. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a formwork apparatus that can reliably hold the wooden core member in a predetermined position with a simple configuration, and the operation of locking the wooden core member can be easily performed in a short time.

  Further, the pin-like member is provided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction so as to advance and retreat into the casting space of the mold body, and the state in which the wooden core member is locked and the state in which the pin-like member is retracted from the inside of the mold body. , The pin-shaped member can be detached before the concrete covering the wooden core member is cured to some extent and completely cured, and the pin-shaped member in an uncured state. By carrying out the process of closing the holes of the traces that have left, the hybrid pile having watertightness can be manufactured without impairing the integrity of the coated concrete.

  In addition, the mold body is disposed with the longitudinal direction thereof oriented in the lateral direction, and the locking portion includes a wooden core member accommodated in the placement space of the mold body with the longitudinal direction laterally above the mold body. By adopting a configuration including a suspension support device that locks in the form of a suspension support, a formwork device that can securely hold the wooden core member in a predetermined position with a simple configuration can be manufactured, and the wooden core member can be locked. Work can be done easily and quickly.

  In addition, the suspension device is attached to the upper end side of the mold body so as to be detachable, and is attached to the attachment base portion so as to hang downward from the attachment base portion, and the lower end is stuck into the wooden core member and locked. And a suspension-type pin-shaped member that holds the wooden core member in the centering position, thereby making it possible to specifically realize the suspension device with a simple structure and to cover the wooden core member. The pin-shaped member can be detached at a point before it is cured to a certain extent and completely cured, and the integrity of the coated concrete can be improved by performing a process of closing the hole where the pin-shaped member has been removed in an uncured state. A hybrid pile having watertightness can be produced without loss.

  Further, according to the present invention, a long wooden core member is placed on one side and a holding device is provided in a placement space of a formwork apparatus having a placement space that forms a predetermined pile shape with a size that accommodates the whole wooden core member. A core holding step for holding the wooden core member and the center axis of the pile shape in a substantially aligned state, and holding the wooden core member in the placement space of the formwork device, Place the concrete in the placement space to cover, and remove the formwork device after the concrete placed on the formwork device is hardened, and cover the whole wooden core member with concrete to make a pile shape And a demolding step for obtaining the formed hybrid pile, so that it is possible to surely form a concrete covering thickness that requires the surface of the wooden core member, a homogeneous hybrid pile can be manufactured, and the strength varies. Long term durability Holds, it can easily provide practical high hybrid pile.

  In addition, before the lead holding step, a drilling step of forming pin receiving holes of a predetermined depth on both longitudinal end surfaces of the wooden lead member is included. A pin-shaped member that protrudes in the direction is used as a holding device, and the tip of the pin-shaped member is locked to both ends of the wooden core member to hold the wooden core member. The wooden core member can be securely locked, and even when a concrete inflow pressure or a difference in specific gravity between wood and concrete occurs when placing concrete, the wooden core member deviates from the predetermined alignment position. It is possible to manufacture a high-quality hybrid pile easily.

  Further, in the core holding step, a pin-like member that hangs from the upper side of the formwork device and hangs down on the wooden core member in a suspended manner is used as the holding device, and the lower end portion of the pin-like member is engaged with the wooden core member. By stopping and holding the wooden core member, the wooden core member can be securely locked so that the coated concrete can be ensured to have a substantially uniform coating thickness. Even if a difference occurs, it is possible to reliably prevent the wooden core member from shifting from a predetermined alignment position, and to easily manufacture a high-quality hybrid pile.

  Further, in the core holding step, a plurality of pin-shaped members that are locked at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member or at a plurality of positions on the peripheral surface are used as a holding device, and the wooden core member is placed on the formwork device via the pin-shaped members. Hold in the installation space in a centered position with each other, and after the placing process, remove the pin-like member in a semi-solid state before the concrete is completely cured, replenish the filler, or vibrate in place The structure including the hole closing step of closing the hole where the concrete pin-shaped member has been removed is applied to prevent the pin-shaped member from being removed without impairing the integrity of the concrete covering the wooden core member. The hole can be closed, and a high-quality hybrid pile with high water tightness can be manufactured substantially uniformly.

It is a section explanatory view of a hybrid pile concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is an AA line cross-sectional enlarged view of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is a perspective view of a formwork device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional explanatory drawing of the formwork apparatus of FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the formwork apparatus of FIG. 5. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the other Example of the wooden core member of the hybrid pile of FIG. It is explanatory drawing at the time of ground improvement with the hybrid pile of FIG. It is an expanded sectional explanatory view which omitted a part of formwork device concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile using the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is a perspective explanatory view of the formwork device concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional enlarged view of the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the hybrid pile using the formwork apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the formwork apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and a hybrid pile.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a mold apparatus and a method for manufacturing a hybrid pile according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Oite hybrid pile to the present invention, for example, are driven into the ground a foundation pile for ground improvement, a composite pile constructed by combining two types of material of the wood and concrete. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a hybrid pile. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, in this embodiment, the hybrid pile 10 includes a wooden core member 12 and a concrete covering portion 14. The hybrid pile 10 of this embodiment is a precast type foundation pile manufactured in advance in a factory, and is used after being transported to the site.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the wooden core member 12 is a core member of the hybrid pile 10, and is formed long on one side along the longitudinal direction of the pile. The wooden core member 12 is made of, for example, a peeled log obtained by cutting a cut cedar into a predetermined length (about 4 m) and peeling off the skin. For example, if the wooden core member 12 is a straight material obtained by stripping a bark from a raw tree, it can be used as it is without requiring any shaping of the outer shape. The wood core member is preferably made of wood having a moisture content of wood of at least 60%. In the case of dry wood, it is preferable to use a wet wood in advance. In addition, you may set the kind of wood, length, the magnitude | size of a diameter, etc. arbitrarily. By using a hybrid pile with a wooden core, the amount of concrete forming the pile can be reduced, and the weight of the pile can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  The concrete covering portion (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “covering portion”) 14 is an outer skin portion of the hybrid pile 10 formed by covering the entire wooden core member with concrete. The covering portion 14 is formed with concrete in a state where the wooden core member 12 is held in a formwork device 20 to be described later, and then hardened, whereby the outer contour is formed in a pile shape. By covering the wooden core member 12 with the concrete covering portion 14, the strength and durability are improved. The covering portion 14 is formed by using the formwork device 20, and the thickness from the wooden core member 12, that is, the thickness of the covering concrete is preferably 30 mm or more, and more preferably 40 mm or more. Therefore, the diameter of the wooden core member 12 is selected in consideration of the thickness of the covering portion 14 that can secure the covering thickness of the concrete if the outer shape of the covering portion 14, that is, the size of the hybrid pile 10 is used as a reference, or the wood is cut or the like Then, it may be processed into a predetermined diameter. In this embodiment, the outer shape of the covering portion 14 is, for example, about 10% longer than the wooden core member 12 and one end is formed in a sharp shape. It can be placed and stacked in a stable state. The covering portion 14 is formed by arranging the wooden core member 12 inside in a state where the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the center axis position CX of the pile shape.

  In the present embodiment, as will be described later, when the covering portion 14 is formed by the formwork device 20, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12 are locked by the pin-shaped member 38 and held in a predetermined position. However, the removal holes 16 of the pin-like members 38 that are removed together with the formwork device 20 remain at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the covering portion 14 after the formwork device 20 is removed. The separation hole 16 after the pin-shaped member is separated is filled with a filler such as mortar so as to close the hole, and is solidified to form a hole filling portion 18. Thereby, the wooden core member 12 is completely sealed by the covering concrete, and the wooden core member functions as a hybrid pile in a healthy state for a long time. In addition, as will be described later, when the covering portion 14 is formed, the concrete may be cured to some extent and the pin-like member 38 may be detached before the concrete is completely cured, and the concrete may be completely cured after the separation hole is closed. .

  In the hybrid pile 10 of the present embodiment, the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the central axis CX of the concrete covering portion 14, so that the concrete covering portion 14 to be coated has a thickness according to a predetermined design. It has no variation in strength and can maintain long-term durability. As shown in FIG. 9, the hybrid pile 10 is applied to a pile foundation method in which, for example, a plurality of piles are driven into a ground for constructing a building or the like at a predetermined interval to improve the ground to have high strength and stability. Used. When driving the hybrid pile 10, the ground is improved by driving directly into the ground with a heavy machine or the like, or driving into a hole previously drilled in the ground with an auger or a preceding pile. In addition, as shown to FIG. 8 (a), (b), (c), the wooden core member 12 prevents the crack of the concrete coating part 14 which coat | covers the circumference | surroundings, for example, and improves the intensity | strength of a pile. For this purpose, reinforcing reinforcing bars 42, 44 and 46 may be attached to the periphery. In FIG. 8A, the reinforcing bar 42 is fixed around the wooden core member 12 in a spiral shape. In FIG. 8B, a plurality of reinforcing bars 44 are arranged around the wooden core member 12 along the axial direction. The spiral reinforcing bars may be arranged around the wooden core member while the spiral reinforcing bars are interlaced with the reinforcing bars 44. In FIG. 8C, a plurality of reinforcing bars 46 are arranged along the axial direction so as to be separated from the wooden core member 12, and nail-like legs projecting from both ends and intermediate positions of the reinforcing bars 46 toward the wooden core member. The tip of the body 46a is fixed by being driven into the wooden core member 12. At this time, the driving depth of the leg is set so that the reinforcing bar 46 is positioned at an intermediate portion of the concrete covering portion 14. In addition, you may fix a helical rebar to the reinforcing bar 46 as needed. In the aspect using a reinforcing bar for this hybrid pile, the amount of reinforcing bars can be reduced to about 50% or less as compared with a conventionally known reinforced concrete pile. Moreover, you may use fiber reinforced concrete for formation of the coating | coated part 14 of the hybrid pile 10, and intensity | strength can be maintained even if it further reduces the amount of reinforcing bars in this case.

  Next, a first embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6. In this embodiment, the formwork apparatus 20 is a formwork for manufacturing the hybrid pile 10 described above, and holds the formwork body 22 on which concrete is placed and the wooden core member in the formwork body 22. Holding device 24.

  The mold body 22 is a main body portion of the mold having a placement space 26 for placing concrete therein to form a pile shape. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, in this embodiment, the mold body 22 is, for example, formed so that the placement space 26 is large enough to accommodate the entire wooden core member 12 inside and long in one side. In addition, one end side that becomes the tip of the pile is gradually formed narrower, and a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is formed in a regular octagonal space. For example, the mold body 22 is manufactured in a state in which the hybrid pile 10 is laid sideways, and a plurality of mold frames are formed so as to form the above-described pile-shaped placement space 26 in a horizontally long shape with the longitudinal direction directed sideways. The members (30 to 34) are assembled and can be disassembled. The mold body 22 includes, for example, a support portion 28 for installation on the floor, a bottom mold member 30 formed long on one side, and two pieces assembled on both sides along the longitudinal direction of the bottom mold member 30. A pair of side formwork members 32 and a pair of two end formwork members 34 assembled to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the bottom formwork member 30 are included. A space surrounded by the plurality of mold member members 30 to 34 is a placement space 26, and the top surface side of the mold body 22, that is, the side corresponding to one side surface of the hybrid pile 10 is opened 35. Concrete is cast. The bottom mold member 30 is formed in a recess whose upper surface side is open in an inverted C shape. The side mold member 32 is formed of vertical surfaces parallel to each other on the lower side from the height intermediate position, the upper side protrudes inwardly in a triangular shape, and the lower end side is opposed to the bottom mold member 30. It is assembled so that it can pivot and support. The end mold member 34 is formed in a substantially flat plate shape, and a lower end portion is detachably attached to both longitudinal ends of the bottom mold member 30. The formwork apparatus 20 is locked by a lock device (not shown) and placed in concrete in a state where the side formwork member 32 and the end formwork member 34 are assembled to form an octagonal pile-shaped placement space 26. After the mold device 20 is cured for a predetermined time and the concrete is hardened, the lock device is released, the mold members (30 to 34) are disassembled, and the hybrid pile formed inside is taken out. Note that the mold body 22 may include a top mold member that closes the top surface side.

  The holding device 24 is a holding unit that holds the wooden core member 12 accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 at a predetermined centering position, and the wooden core member is positioned at the center axis PX position of the placement space 26. The wooden core member 12 is held in a state where the center axis of 12 is substantially aligned. Thereby, the hybrid pile 10 in which the center axis WX position of the wooden core member 12 is substantially aligned with the center axis CX position of the pile-shaped concrete covering 14 formed by placing concrete on the formwork device 20 is reliably secured. Can be formed.

  In the present embodiment, the holding device 24 includes a locking portion 36 that locks both ends of the wooden core member 12 in the longitudinal direction. The locking portion 36 includes, for example, pin-shaped members 38 that are respectively attached to the end mold members 34 of the mold body 22. The pin-shaped member 38 is provided on the inner wall surface of the end mold member 34 so as to project inward from a position corresponding to the center axis position PX of the placement space 26 formed when the mold member is assembled. The pin-shaped member 38 is made of, for example, metal, and has a sharp tip and a base fixed to the end mold member 34. The tip of the pin-shaped member 38 is inserted into a pin receiving hole 40 previously drilled at a substantially core position on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12 and locked from both sides, and the wooden core member 12 is hit. It is suspended and supported in a suspended manner at a predetermined center axis position in the installation space 26. In this state, when concrete is placed in the placement space 26 between the periphery of the wooden core member 12 of the formwork body 22 and the formwork members 30 to 34 and is cured and the concrete is hardened, as described above. In addition, the pin-shaped member 38 is detached from the hybrid pile formed together with the fixed end form member 34. Therefore, the separation holes 16 are formed at both ends of the concrete covering portion 14 of the hybrid pile, and mortar is filled so as to close the separation holes 16 in a later process. In addition, the holding device 24 is not limited to the pin-shaped member as described above, for example, and is configured to lock one or a plurality of intermediate positions in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member, or to fix the wooden core member 12 from below. Or any other configuration such as a structure suspended from above may be used. Alternatively, the pin-like member 38 can be attached to and detached from the end formwork member 34, and can be detached before the concrete is completely cured, or conversely, buried in the concrete covering portion 14 and integrated into a concrete shape. Good. Moreover, the formwork body 22 is not limited to the structure in which the hybrid pile is manufactured in a horizontally laid manner, but may be formed in a vertically long form.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20 of this embodiment will be described together with the first embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile is a method of manufacturing a hybrid pile as described above, and a core holding step S12 for holding the wooden core member 12 to the formwork device 20, It includes a placing step S14 for placing concrete on the formwork device 20 and a demolding step S16 for removing the formwork device 20.

  In this embodiment, the drilling process S10 which forms the pin receiving hole 40 used as the engaging part with the holding | maintenance apparatus 24 of the formwork apparatus 20 in the wooden core member 12 is included as a previous process of the core holding process S12. In the drilling step S10, a pin receiving hole 40 having a size approximately the same as the diameter of the pin-shaped member 38 and a depth of several centimeters by a tool such as a drill at the center position of each end face in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12. Drill a hole.

  In the lead holding step S12, the mold space 22 of the mold device 20 is assembled to form the placement space 26. At this time, the entire wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26, and the pin-shaped member 38 of the holding device 24 is inserted into the pin receiving holes 40 at both ends of the wooden core member 12, so that the wooden core member 12 is Support the delivery form. In this state, the pin-shaped member 38 is provided at a position corresponding to the position of the center axis PX of the placement space 26 as described above, and the pin receiving hole 40 is formed at the center position of the end surface of the wooden core member 12. Therefore, the wooden core member 12 can be reliably held in a state where the central axis position PX of the placement space 26 and the central axis position WX of the wooden core member 12 are substantially aligned.

  In the placing step S <b> 14, concrete is placed in the placing space 26 in a state where the wooden core member 12 is held by the holding device 24 in the mold apparatus 20. Concrete is placed in the placement space 26 around the wooden core member 12 from the opening 35 on the top surface side of the mold body 22, and the concrete is filled up to the opening 35 portion so as to completely cover the entire wooden core member 12 and put into concrete. The coating part 14 is formed. The concrete on the top side of the mold body 22 is leveled and cured, and the concrete is cured.

  In the demolding step S16, after curing for a predetermined time from the placing step S14 and the concrete is hardened, the mold apparatus 20 is disassembled and removed to obtain the hybrid pile 10 formed in a pile shape. In the demolding step S <b> 16, when the end mold member 34 of the mold apparatus 22 is removed, the pin-shaped member 38 is also removed simultaneously with the end mold member 34. Therefore, at the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the concrete covering portion 14 of the hybrid pile 10, the leaving holes 16 that are marks of the removal of the pin-like member 38 remain.

  In the present embodiment, a filling step S18 is included after the demolding step S16, and the filling step S18, for example, fills the release holes 16 at both ends of the concrete covering portion 14 with a filler such as mortar and closes the holes. Thus, the hole filling portion 18 is formed, and the hybrid pile 10 is completed. As a result, the release hole 16 communicating from the end of the concrete covering portion 14 to the end of the internal wooden core member 12 is closed like a plug, and the internal wooden core member 12 is deteriorated by contact with air or the like. Can be prevented satisfactorily. Thus, in the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention, a hybrid pile in which the center axis of the wooden core member and the center axis of the concrete covering portion are substantially aligned can be easily manufactured, and has high strength and high durability. The hybrid pile 10 can be provided while maintaining a certain quality.

  Next, a second embodiment of the mold apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same configurations and the same members as those of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The mold apparatus 10-2 according to the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment and includes the mold body 22 and the holding device 24. However, the configuration of the pin-like member of the holding apparatus 24 is the same. This is different from the above embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in this embodiment, the pin-shaped member 38 </ b> A is detachably attached to the end formwork member 34. The pin-like member 38A is provided so as to be slidable along the longitudinal direction through the through hole 34a of the end form member 34, and is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in the placement space 26. In a state where the pin-shaped member 38A has advanced into the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the tip of the pin-shaped member 38A is engaged with the end portion of the wooden core member 12 disposed at the centering position in the placement space 26. The wooden core member can be stopped and held at a predetermined alignment position. On the other hand, when the pin-shaped member 38A is retracted from the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 and is released, the holding of the wooden core member by the pin-shaped member is released.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20 of this embodiment will be described together with the second embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile is similar to the first embodiment, in the drilling step S20, the core holding step S22, the placing step S24, the demolding step S28, including. Each step is performed in substantially the same manner as in the above embodiment. In the present embodiment, a hole closing step S26 is included between the placing step S24 and the demolding step S28. In the hole closing step S26, first, the pin-shaped member 38A is detached in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S24 is completely cured. The semi-solid state of the concrete can be said to be a state in which, for example, the concrete is hardened to some extent after 60 to 100 minutes have passed since the concrete is placed and the wooden core member 12 does not receive the buoyancy effect on the concrete. Therefore, the wooden core member 12 is held at a predetermined centering position by the pin-shaped member 38A of the holding device 24 at the time of concrete placing and at the initial stage of curing and solidifying of the concrete, and the pin-shaped member is released at the later stage of curing and solidifying of the concrete. Thus, the position of the wooden core member is held by the concrete itself solidified to some extent. In the hole closing step S26, the hole is closed by filling the hole with mortar while applying slight vibration in the vicinity of the hole where the pin-shaped member 38A has been removed. As a result, in this embodiment, the concrete is better integrated than the case where the release hole is closed with the filler after the concrete is completely cured as in the first embodiment, and higher water tightness, air tightness and long-term durability. Can produce high-quality hybrid piles. After the hole closing step S26, the mold is removed in the demolding step S28. At this time, no separation hole remains and a completed hybrid pile is obtained.

Next, a third embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same configurations and members as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The formwork device 10-3 according to the present embodiment includes the formwork body 22 and the holding device 24, but the configuration of the holding device 24 is different from that of the above embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in the present embodiment, the holding device 24 includes a locking portion 48 that locks two places spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member 12 from above. Have. That is, the locking portion 48 includes a suspension device 50 that locks the wooden core member 12 accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22 from above the mold body 22 in a suspended shape.

  The suspension device 50 includes an attachment base portion 52 that is detachably attached to the upper end of the side mold member 32 of the mold body 22, a suspension-type pin-like member 54 that extends downward from the attachment base portion 52, and Have The mounting base 52 is formed, for example, by bending a metal plate so that the intermediate position rises in a stepped manner, and both ends thereof are detachably fixed to the upper end of the side mold member 32 via set bolts 60. Is done. A female thread portion that is screwed into the set bolt 60 is formed at the upper end of the side mold member of the mold body 22. A hole through which the pin-like member 54 passes is provided at an intermediate position of the mounting base portion 52. The pin-shaped member 54 is formed of a tapered helical screw whose diameter gradually decreases toward the tip, and a flat washer 56 is attached to the top portion side. For example, the pin-like member 54 is inserted into the hole from above the attachment base portion 52, and the washer 56 is detachably fixed to the attachment base portion 52 via a thumbscrew 58. The pin-shaped member 54 is locked by tightening its tip from the outer peripheral surface of the wooden core member 12 and adjusting the screwing depth thereof so that the central axis of the wooden core member 12 is substantially the central axis of the placement space 26. It can be adjusted to the centering position. Thus, by holding the wooden core member 12 in a predetermined alignment position by the suspension support device 50, it is possible to secure the appropriate thickness and manufacture the concrete covering portion 14.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20-3 of this embodiment will be described together with the third embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, in this embodiment, the manufacturing method of a hybrid pile includes core holding process S32, placing process S34, and demolding process S38 similarly to 1st Embodiment. In the present embodiment, in the pre-process S30, the pin-shaped members 58 of the suspension device 50 are locked at positions separated from each other from above the wooden core member 12 in a laid-down state. In the core holding step S32, the wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the mounting base portion 52 of the suspension device 50 is fixed to the mold body 22, and the central axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is secured. Is held in a state of being substantially aligned with the center axis PX of the placement space 26. In this state, concrete is placed in the placement step S34.

  After the placing step S34, there is a hole closing step S36. In the hole closing step S36, first, the suspension device 50 is in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S34 is completely cured. The pin-shaped member 54 is removed. In the hole closing step S36, mortar is additionally filled in the vicinity of the hole where the pin-like member 54 has been removed, and the hole is closed. At this time, since the separation hole of the pin-shaped member 54 is formed in a tapered shape downward, it is easy to fill the mortar without a gap. Thereby, the integrity of concrete and the mortar which closes a hole is good, and the high quality hybrid pile which can exhibit high watertightness, airtightness, and long-term durability can be manufactured. After the hole closing step S36, the mold pile is removed in the demolding step S38 to obtain a completed hybrid pile.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the formwork apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same configurations and members as those in the first to third embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 16 (S42), the mold apparatus 10-4 according to the present embodiment includes a mold body 22 and a holding apparatus 24. The holding apparatus 24 is a pin-shaped member described in the second embodiment. 38A and the suspension support device 50 described in the third embodiment. That is, the holding device 24 includes a pin-like member 38A as the first locking portion 36 that locks both ends of the wooden core member 12, and a second locking portion 48 that supports the wooden core member 12 from the upper end. The suspension support device 50 is included.

  Next, the process of manufacturing the above-mentioned hybrid pile 10 using the formwork apparatus 20-4 of this embodiment will be described together with the fourth embodiment of the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile of the present invention with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, in this embodiment, the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile includes a core holding step S42, a placing step S44, and a demolding step S48, as in the above embodiment. In the present embodiment, in the pre-process S40, the pin receiving holes 40 are formed on both end surfaces of the wooden core member 12, and the pin-shaped members 58 of the suspension device 50 are connected to each other from above the wooden core member 12 in a lying state. Lock in a spaced position. In the lead holding step S42, the wooden core member 12 is accommodated in the placement space 26 of the mold body 22, the suspension device 50 is fixed to the mold body 22, and the pin-shaped member 38 is attached to both ends of the wooden core member 12. The center axis WX of the wooden core member 12 is inserted into the pin receiving hole 40 and held in a state of being aligned with the center axis PX of the placement space 26. In this holding state, concrete is placed in the placement step S44. In the hole closing step S46 after the placing step S44, first, the pin-like members 38A on both ends and the pin-like members of the suspension device 50 in a semi-solid state before the concrete placed in the placing step S44 is completely cured. 54 is disengaged. The holes are then closed by adding mortar to the holes while slightly vibrating near the holes where the pin-like members 38A and 54 have been removed. In the hole closing step S46, first, the pin-like members 38A at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the mold apparatus 20 are first removed and filled with mortar while giving a slight vibration, and then the hole is closed. It is preferable to close the hole by removing the pin-shaped member 54 and filling the mortar with fine vibration. After the hole closing step S46, the mold is removed in the demolding step S48 to complete the hybrid pile.

  The formwork apparatus of the present invention described above is not limited to the configuration of only the above-described embodiment, and may be modified arbitrarily without departing from the essence of the present invention described in the claims. Good.

  The hybrid pile and formwork apparatus of the present invention and the method for manufacturing a hybrid pile can be used as a foundation pile for ground improvement when constructing civil engineering and buildings, for example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hybrid pile 12 Wooden core member 14 Concrete coating | covering part 20, 20-2, 20-3, 20-4 Formwork apparatus 22 Formwork body 24 Holding apparatus 26 Placing space 34 End formwork member 36 Locking part 38 , 38A Pin-shaped member 40 Pin receiving hole 48 Locking portion 50 Suspension support device 52 Mounting base portion 54 Pin-shaped member

Claims (12)

A long wooden core on one side,
Concrete made by covering the entire wooden core member with concrete and forming the outer contour in a pile shape, and placing the wooden core member in a state where the central axis of the wooden core member is substantially aligned with the central axis position of the pile shape A hybrid pile comprising a covering portion. The formwork device for producing a hybrid pile according to claim 1, wherein the entire long wooden core member is covered with a concrete covering portion and formed into a pile shape.
A mold body having a placement space in which concrete is cast inside to form a predetermined pile shape;
A holding device for holding a wooden core member disposed so as to be entirely accommodated in the placement space of the mold body in a state where the central axis of the wooden core member and the central axis of the placement space are substantially aligned. And a formwork apparatus.   The mold apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the holding device includes a locking portion that locks the both ends of the wooden core member in the longitudinal direction or a plurality of locations separated in the longitudinal direction.   4. The formwork apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the locking portions are respectively attached to a pair of formwork end elements disposed opposite to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the formwork body.   The locking portion includes a pin-like member that protrudes inwardly facing from a pair of formwork edge elements and locks the protruding tip portion at a substantially core position on both end faces of the wooden core member. The formwork apparatus according to claim 4.   The pin-like member is provided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction so as to advance and retreat into the placement space of the mold body, and has a state of locking the wooden core member and a state of being retracted from the inside of the mold body. 6. The formwork apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the formwork apparatus is selectively switched. The mold body is arranged with the longitudinal direction oriented in the lateral direction,
The locking portion includes a suspension device that locks the wooden core member accommodated in the placement space of the mold body in the longitudinal direction in a suspended shape from above the mold body. The formwork apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6. The hanging support device has an attachment base portion that is detachably attached to the upper end side of the mold body,
A suspension-type pin-like member that extends downward from the attachment base portion and is attached, and holds the wooden core member in a centering position by piercing and locking the lower end of the wooden core member. The formwork apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: A wooden core member is placed in a placement space of a formwork apparatus having a placement space for forming a predetermined pile shape with a size that accommodates the whole wooden core member, and a wooden core member via a holding device. A core holding step for holding each central axis of the pile shape in a substantially aligned state;
In a state where the wooden core member is held in the placement space of the formwork apparatus, a placing step of placing concrete in the placement space so as to cover the entire wooden core member;
A demolding step of removing the formwork device after the concrete placed in the formwork device has hardened, and covering the whole wooden core member with concrete to obtain a hybrid pile formed in a pile shape. Hybrid pile manufacturing method. Before the lead holding step, including a drilling step of forming pin receiving holes of a predetermined depth on both longitudinal ends of the wooden core member,
In the lead holding step, a pin-like member that protrudes inwardly facing from both longitudinal ends of the formwork device is used as a holding device, and the tip of the pin-like member is locked to both ends of the wooden lead member, and The method for manufacturing a hybrid pile according to claim 9, wherein the core member is held.   In the lead holding step, a pin-like member that hangs from the upper side of the formwork device and holds the wooden core member in a laid-down state in a suspended manner is used as a holding device, and the lower end portion of the pin-like member is locked to the wooden lead member. The method of manufacturing a hybrid pile according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the wooden member is held. In the lead holding step, a plurality of pin-like members that are locked at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the wooden core member or at a plurality of positions on the peripheral surface are used as holding devices, and the wooden core member is placed through the pin-like members in the placement space of the formwork device. In a position that is centered with each other,
After the placing process, the pin-like member is removed in a semi-solid state before the concrete is completely hardened, the filler is replenished or vibration is applied to a predetermined position, and the concrete pin-like member is removed. The method for manufacturing a hybrid pile according to any one of claims 9 to 11, further comprising a hole closing step of closing the hole.

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