JP2016017357A - Water cut-off structure and water cut-off method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly durable water cut-off structure that effectively cuts water at a joint, a crack, or a concrete placing joint of a concrete structure.SOLUTION: Concave parts 5, 6 are formed in a direction of a joint formed on a concrete structure, at a predetermined depth from a surface of the concrete structure, on surfaces 3, 4 that face each other of structure parts 1, 2 on both sides of the joint. Both side edges of a water-cutoff member 11 are inserted into the concave parts, to be embedded in a fixation material 12 filled in the concave parts, the water cut-off member being of a plate- or a sheet-form that may be deformed flexibly and continues in the joint direction. Thus, the water cut-off member bridges the structure parts on both sides of the joint and is fixed so as to connect the structure parts. A back-up material 13 is disposed at a location of the concrete structure closer to the surface than the water cut-off member, and a joint sealant 14 is filled near the surface. With a crack or a concrete placing joint formed on the concrete structure also, a groove may be formed near a surface and then a similar water cut-off structure may be installed for cutting off water.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a water-stopping structure and a water-stopping method, such as joints, cracks in concrete structures, and joints when placing concrete.

  The concrete structure may be provided with joints to cope with expansion / contraction and drying / shrinkage due to temperature change of the concrete. In many cases, measures are taken to stop water in joints, but water leakage may occur due to aging deterioration of joint materials. For example, in underground structures such as subways, groundwater may enter the structure from joints. In addition, in the water channel, running water in the water channel may leak out of the water channel from the joint.

  On the other hand, cracks generated in the concrete structure, rainwater or the like may enter the concrete member from the joints when the concrete structure is constructed, or water leakage may occur. When rainwater or the like enters the concrete member from such cracks or joints, rusting of the reinforcing bars is promoted or deterioration of the concrete is promoted.

As a technique for preventing water leakage from such joints, cracks, joints, etc., and intrusion of rainwater, for example, the following techniques have been proposed.
The techniques described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 form a water shielding layer so as to cover joints or cracks on the surface of a concrete structure. In addition, the techniques described in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 form a groove whose width is larger on the back side of the concrete structure than the width of the opening on the surface of the concrete structure along the joints or cracks, This groove is filled with a filler.

JP 2011-32737 A JP 2013-44199 A JP-A-2-38700 JP 2010-1686 A

However, the conventional techniques as described above have the following problems.
As described in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, in the case of forming a water-impervious layer on the surface of a concrete structure, the water-impervious layer is likely to be exposed to the influence of outside air, causing deterioration of members and physical damage. Is likely to occur.
In addition, as described in Patent Document 3 or Patent Document 4, in the case where a groove is formed near the surface of a concrete structure along a joint or a crack and the filler is filled, the structure on both sides of the joint or the crack Deformation occurs in the filler when relative displacement occurs in the part. When such deformation repeatedly occurs, peeling may occur at the bonding portion between the filler and concrete, or the filler may be cracked. In addition, the filler may deteriorate due to the influence of the outside air near the surface of the concrete structure, and the above-described peeling and cracking are likely to occur.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above situations, The objective is to provide the water stop structure excellent in durability while stopping water effectively in the joint of a concrete structure, a crack, or a joint. And providing a method of effectively stopping water at joints, cracks or joints in concrete structures.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is provided at a position at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure on the mutually opposing surfaces of the structural parts on both sides of the joint formed in the concrete structure. A concave portion is formed along the direction of the joint, and both side edges of the plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that is continuously deformed and flexibly deformed in the joint direction are respectively opposed to the structural parts. A fixing material that is inserted into the concave portion and is bonded to the structural portion of concrete and the water-stopping member is filled in the concave portion, and both side edges of the water-stopping member are embedded in the fixing material. And providing a water-stopping structure in which a joint material is filled on the surface side of the water-stopping member between the structural parts facing each other.

  In this water stop structure, both side edges of the water stop member are fixed to the structural parts on both sides of the joint by a fixing material, and rain water and groundwater that try to pass through the joint are effectively blocked. The water-stopping member is a plate-like or sheet-like member that is flexibly deformed, and can easily follow even if a relative displacement occurs in the structural parts on both sides of the joint. The load acting on the part fixed to the part is small. Therefore, even if relative displacement repeatedly occurs, it is possible to prevent the water stoppage due to the water stop member from being impaired. Moreover, the fixed part of the water stop member and the both side edges of the water stop member is protected by the joint material filled in the joint, and deterioration and damage can be prevented.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a groove is formed along a crack generated in a concrete structure or a joint formed at the time of construction of the concrete structure, and a groove is formed over a structural part on both sides of the crack or the joint. A concave portion along the direction of the groove is formed at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure on the surfaces facing each other, and is a plate that is continuously deformed and flexibly deformed in the direction of the crack or joint. Fixing material in which both side edges of a water-like or sheet-like water-stopping member are inserted into the respective concave-shaped portions of the structural part on both sides of the groove, and are adhered to the structural part of concrete and the water-stopping member Is filled in the concave portion, both side edges of the water stop member are embedded in the fixing material, and a joint material is filled on the surface side of the water stop member in the groove. There is provided a water stopping structure.

  In this water stop structure, both side edges of the water stop member are fixed to the structure portions on both sides of the cracks or joints by a fixing material, and rain water or the like that is about to penetrate into the concrete structure can be effectively blocked. . The water stop member is a plate-like or sheet-like member that is flexibly deformed, and can easily follow even if a relative displacement occurs in the structure portions on both sides of the crack or joint. Therefore, it can suppress that relative displacement repeatedly arises and the water stop by a water stop member is impaired. Moreover, the fixed part of the both-sides edge of this water stop member and this water stop member is protected by the joint material with which it filled in the groove | channel, and it can prevent deterioration and damage.

  In the invention according to claim 3, the joining surfaces of the two precast concrete members are formed so that a groove is formed in the vicinity of the surface between the two precast concrete members joined to each other. A concave portion along the direction of the groove is formed at a position at a predetermined depth in the groove from the surface of the precast concrete member, and is a plate or sheet that is continuous in the direction of the groove and flexibly deforms. Both side edges of the water stop member are inserted into the concave portions of the opposing precast concrete member, and the concave portion is filled with a fixing material that adheres to the precast concrete member and the water stop member. The both side edges of the water stop member are embedded in the fixing material, and the joint material is filled on the surface side of the water stop member in the groove. It provides a water stop structure.

  In this water-stopping structure, both side edge portions of the water-stopping member are fixed to the two precast concrete members to be joined together by a fixing material, and rainwater and groundwater that try to pass along the joining surface are effectively blocked. The water stop member is a plate-like or sheet-like member that is flexibly deformed, and can easily follow even if a relative displacement occurs between the two precast concrete members. Accordingly, the load acting on the portion where the water-stopping member is fixed to the precast concrete members on both sides of the joint surface is small, and it is possible to suppress the water-stopping property by the water-stopping member from being impaired due to repeated relative displacement. it can. Moreover, the fixed part of the both-sides edge of this water stop member and this water stop member is protected by the joint material with which it filled in the groove | channel, and it can prevent deterioration and damage.

  The invention according to claim 4 includes a step of securing a gap between the structural parts on both sides of the joint provided in the concrete structure, and a position at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure in the gap. Cutting the opposing surfaces on both sides of the joint into a concave shape along the direction of the joint, forming a concave portion, and the structural part of concrete and a plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that is flexibly deformed The fixing material to be bonded is filled in the concave portion, and both side edges of the water stop member that are long in the direction of the joint are embedded in the fixing material along the joint, and the structural parts on both sides of the joint are connected. Thus, there is provided a water-stopping method including the step of installing the water-stopping member and the step of filling a joint material near the surface in the gap so as to be separated from the water-stopping member.

In this water-stopping method, even if the concrete structure having joints is an existing one or a newly constructed one, the water-stopping members are fixed so as to connect the structural parts on both sides of the joint. This effectively shuts off rainwater and groundwater that try to pass through joints. In addition, a plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that can be deformed flexibly is placed deeper than the surface of the concrete structure, and can be covered and protected by joint material, so that the relative displacement to the structural parts on both sides of the joint is possible. Even if this occurs, it can easily follow and prevent damage to the fixed part, and also prevent deterioration of the water-stopping member and the fixing material due to exposure to the outside air, thereby providing a highly durable water-stopping structure.
In the present invention, the step of ensuring a gap between the structural parts on both sides of the joint provided in the concrete structure is of a width sufficient to implement the configuration of the present invention between the structures on both sides of the joint. If a gap already exists, it will only be maintained. When a joint material or the like is filled between the structural parts, when clogging occurs due to earth or sand, it is a step of removing this. Further, when the width between the structural parts is not sufficient for carrying out the configuration of the present invention, it includes a step of cutting the structural parts on both sides to widen the gap between the structural parts.

  The invention according to claim 5 includes a step of forming a groove having a predetermined depth along a crack generated in a concrete structure or a joint formed at the time of construction of the concrete structure and extending over a structural part on both sides of the crack or the joint. Cutting the surfaces facing each other in the groove into a concave shape along the direction of the groove at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure in the groove, and forming a concave portion; The fixing portion for adhering to the structural portion and the plate-shaped or sheet-shaped water-stopping member that deforms flexibly is filled in the concave-shaped portion, and both sides of the water-stopping member are long in the direction of the crack or the seam. A step of embedding an edge portion in the fixing material along the crack or seam, and installing the water stop member so as to connect the structural portions on both sides of the groove; Waterproofing method and a step of filling the joint material near the surface of the groove so as to be separated with a member is to provide.

  In this water stop method, the water stop member can be fixed so as to connect the structural parts on both sides of the crack or joint at a position deeper than the surface of the concrete structure, and penetrates into the concrete structure from the crack or joint. It can effectively block rainwater and groundwater to be tried. And since the water stop member can be provided at a position deeper than the surface of the concrete structure and can be protected by covering the water stop member with a joint material, the deterioration of the water stop member and the fixing material due to exposure to the outside air is reduced. be able to. In addition, the water-stopping member can be a plate-like or sheet-like member that deforms flexibly, and even if relative displacement occurs in the structural parts on both sides of the joint, it easily follows to prevent damage to the fixed part, A highly durable water stop structure can be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the water stopping method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the step of forming the concave portion has a center in the width of the gap or the groove, and the width of the groove. A step of cutting a cylindrical hole having a larger inner diameter near the surface of the concrete structure; and an outer diameter of a rotation region that is smaller than the width of the gap or groove on a rotating shaft having an outer diameter smaller than the width of the gap or groove. By using a cutting tool with a large cutting member attached, inserting the cutting member into the hole and rotating the rotary shaft and the cutting member while moving the rotary shaft in the gap or groove, And a step of cutting the opposing surfaces on both sides of the gap or groove with the cutting member.

  In this water stop method, recesses that are continuous along the joints, cracks or joints can be easily formed on the surfaces facing each other in the gaps of the joints or in the surfaces facing each other in the grooves provided along the cracks or joints. Can be formed.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the water stopping method according to claim 4, wherein the step of forming the concave portion includes a structure on both sides of the joint through the inside of the joint from the surface side of the concrete structure. A step of cutting the cutting member into one side of the part so as to incline and cutting a continuous groove along the joint, and both sides of the joint through the inside of the joint from the surface side of the concrete structure And a step of causing the cutting member to incline to the other side of the structural portion and cutting a continuous groove along the joint.

  In this water stopping method, the cutting member can be entered from the surface side of the concrete structure, and a concave portion continuous in the joint direction can be easily formed. In addition, the concave part is cut obliquely from the mutually facing surfaces in the joint gap and opens toward the surface side of the concrete structure, so the fixing material is filled into the concave part from the surface side of the concrete structure. It is possible to easily perform the work to be performed and the work to embed the water stop member in the fixing member in the concave portion.

  The invention according to claim 8 is to incline from one surface of the structure portion on both sides of the crack generated in the concrete structure or the joint of the joint generated during the construction of the concrete structure to the other side, over the crack or the joint. Cutting the first groove continuous along the crack or seam by causing the cutting member to enter the other structural part, and one from the other surface of the structural part on both sides of the crack or seam. Cutting the second groove continuous along the crack or seam by inclining to the side and passing the cutting member over the crack or seam to one structural part; and Filling the bottom of the first groove and the second groove with a fixing material that adheres to the structural part and the plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that deforms flexibly. Further, both side edges of the water blocking member that are long in the direction of the crack or joint are embedded in the fixing material along the crack or joint, and the both sides of the crack or joint are connected to each other. A step of installing a water-stopping member; and a joint material that is separated from the water-stopping member in the vicinity of the surface of the concrete structure in a gap formed by cutting the first groove and the second groove. And a step of filling the water.

  In this water stop method, the cutting member is inclined and entered from the surface side of the concrete structure, and two grooves that are continuous in the direction of the crack or joint can be formed. As a result, concave portions opened toward the surface side of the concrete structure are formed in the structural portions on both sides of the crack or joint. Then, the surface side of the concrete structure is cut into a groove shape from the concave portion by cutting these grooves. Therefore, it is possible to easily perform the operation of filling the concave portion opened toward the surface side with the fixing material from the surface side of the concrete structure into the concave portion or the operation of embedding the water stop member in the fixing material in the concave portion.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a gap is formed at least near the surface between the structural portions on both sides of the joint or joint joint provided in the concrete structure, and the surface of the concrete structure on the surfaces facing each other in the gap A step of placing concrete by forming a mold so that a continuous concave portion is formed at the position of a predetermined depth along the joint or joint, and the structural portion of the concrete and the flexible deformation A fixing material that adheres to a plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member is filled in the concave portion, and both side edges of the water-stopping member that are long in the direction of the joints or joints are formed along the joints. A step of installing the water stop member so as to connect the structural parts on both sides of the joint, embedded in a fixing material, and a joint material near the surface in the gap so as to be separated from the water stop member It is intended to provide a waterproofing method and a step of filling.

  In this method, when a concrete structure is newly provided, a water stop structure is provided at a joint or a joint of concrete, and leakage of rainwater or rainwater from the joint or the joint can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to stop the water by attaching a water-stopping member after placing the concrete, and to protect the water-stopping member and the like from the outside air environment. Therefore, compared with the water stopping method in which the water stop plate is placed before the concrete is placed and the concrete is placed so as to be embedded, the steps such as the installation of the formwork and the arrangement of the reinforcing bars can be streamlined.

  The invention according to claim 10 is formed by forming the joining surface of the precast concrete member so that a groove is formed in the vicinity of the surface between the two precast concrete members joined to each other, and joining the two precast concrete members to each other. The precast concrete member is formed so as to have a concave portion continuous along the direction of the groove at a predetermined depth from the surface of the precast concrete member on the mutually facing surfaces in the groove. The fixing member that adheres to the precast concrete member and the plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that deforms flexibly is filled in the concave portion, and both side edges of the water-stopping member that are long in the direction of the groove are formed. The water stop member is installed so as to be embedded in the fixing material along the groove and to connect both sides of the groove. Process and is intended to provide a waterproofing method and a step of filling the joint material near the surface of the groove so as to be separated with the water-shutoff member.

  In this water stop method, after joining two precast concrete members at an installation position, the water stop member can be attached between the two precast concrete members to stop water from the surface side of the precast concrete member. Moreover, since the water stop member can be provided at a position deeper than the surface of the precast concrete member and covered with a joint material or the like, a water stop structure with good durability can be obtained.

  As described above, in the water stop structure of the present invention, water can be effectively stopped at joints, cracks or joints of the concrete structure, and the water stop member is provided at a position deeper than the surface of the concrete structure. Since it can be protected so as to cover it, a water stop structure with excellent durability can be obtained. Moreover, in the water stop method of this invention, durable water stop can be given even if it is any joint of a newly installed concrete structure and an existing concrete structure. In addition, water can be applied to cracks or joints generated in the concrete structure to prevent rainwater and the like from entering the concrete structure, and the water stop structure can be made durable.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the water stop structure which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the process of forming the water stop structure shown in FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the process of forming the water stop structure shown in FIG. FIG. 2B is a schematic plan view and a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of forming concave portions on the mutually opposing surfaces of the structural portions on both sides of the joint as shown in FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the process of forming a recessed part in the mutually opposing surface of the structure part in the both sides of a joint. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the recessed part formed in the mutually opposing surface of the structure part in the both sides of a joint. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the process which fills the formed recessed part with a fixing material, and arrange | positions a water stop member. It is a schematic sectional drawing which replaces with the water stop member used with the water stop structure shown in FIG. 1, and shows the other example of the water stop member which can be used with the water stop structure of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the process of forming the water stop structure which is other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the process of forming the water stop structure which is other embodiment of this invention, and the formed water stop structure. It is other embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the water stop method and water stop structure of the crack which arose in the concrete structure. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the water stop structure which is other embodiment of this invention. It is other embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the other example of the water stop method and water stop structure of a crack. It is other embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows a part of process of providing a water stop structure in the joint or joint at the time of newly installing a concrete structure. It is other embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the water stop method and the water stop structure in the junction part of two precast concrete members.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a water stop structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
This waterproof structure blocks rainwater or the like from passing through joints provided in the concrete structure near the surface of the concrete structure.
In this water stop structure, there is a gap 7 between the first structure portion 1 and the second structure portion 2 of the concrete on both sides of the joint, and the water stop member provided so as to connect both sides of this gap. 11 to stop the water. Concave portions 5 and 6 that are continuous in the direction of the joints are formed on the opposing surfaces 3 and 4 of the first structural portion 1 and the second structural portion 2 on both sides of the gap 7. The fixing material 12 is filled. The water blocking member 11 is fixed by the fixing member 12 in the concave portions 5 and 6. That is, both side edges of the water-stopping member 11 that are long in the joint direction are inserted into the recessed portions 5 and 6 and are embedded and fixed in the fixing material 12.
A backup material 13 that is flexibly deformed is disposed on the surface side of the concrete structure with respect to the water blocking member 11, and a joint material 14 is filled in the vicinity of the surface of the concrete structure so as to cover this. Further, a protective layer 15 is provided on the surface of the concrete structure so as to cover the joint portion from the first structural portion 1 to the second structural portion 2.
The protective layer 15 can be omitted.

  The water-stop member 11 may be a plate-like or sheet-like member made of a synthetic resin such as silicon or urethane. Further, an asphalt material or a rubber material, or a mixture thereof may be formed into a plate shape or a sheet shape. In addition, a material having water tightness and flexibly bending deformation can be used. Furthermore, the thing which can be expanded-contracted in the direction along a surface is desirable.

  The fixing material 12 can be flexibly deformed when filling the concave portion, and a material that can be cured later can be used. And what has strong adhesiveness with respect to the said water stop member 11 and concrete is desirable. For example, an adhesive mainly composed of a synthetic resin such as acrylic, urethane, or epoxy can be used. A rubber-based material may also be used.

  As the backup material 13, a material that maintains the water blocking member 11 and the joint material 14 in a separated state and does not restrain the deformation of the water blocking member 11 can be used. For example, a fibrous material such as felt, a foam of a synthetic resin, a foam of a rubber-based material, or the like can be used. Moreover, you may fill with the material which deform | transforms flexibly, such as grease.

  The joint material 14 protects the water stop member 11 in the vicinity of the surface of the concrete structure, and is in close contact with the concrete of the first structural part 1 and the concrete of the second structural part 2 on both sides of the joint. What can be filled is desirable. When the gap between the first structural part 1 and the second structural part 2 fluctuates due to temperature change or drying shrinkage, it is preferable to use one that can be deformed following this change. For example, asphalt, rubber-based, silicon-based, acrylic-based, and urethane-based materials can be used. Further, a synthetic resin, a resin mortar, a non-shrink mortar or the like that is deformed flexibly at the time of filling similar to the material used as the fixing material 12 for fixing the water stop member 11 and is cured later can also be used. Further, a member molded with rubber or synthetic resin may be fitted, and a caulking material may be filled in the gap.

The protective layer 15 is provided in order to reduce deterioration of the joint material 14 and improve durability, and it is desirable to provide the protective layer 15 in a cold region or a place close to the sea area.
The protective layer 15 is preferably made of an epoxy resin or the like that can be elastically deformed and has high adhesion to concrete, and is applied from the first structural part 1 to the second structural part 2 on both sides of the joint. Can be formed. Moreover, the member formed in the sheet form or plate shape may be affixed.

Next, the process of forming the water stop structure will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 2A, a gap 7 is secured between the structural portions 1 and 2 on both sides of the joint where the water stop structure is to be formed. If the joint is formed in an existing concrete structure and old joint material is filled between the structural parts 1 and 2 on both sides, the joint material near the surface of the concrete structure is removed and A gap 7 is secured between the structural parts 1 and 2. Also, in joints where the distance between the structural parts 1 and 2 on both sides of the joint is narrow, or in joints where the structural parts 1 and 2 on both sides of the joint are in close contact, the concrete of the structural parts 1 and 2 on both sides is cut and the gap Secure.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2B, concave portions 5 and 6 are formed on the surfaces 3 and 4 facing each other with the gap between the structural portions 1 and 2 on both sides of the joint. The concave portions 5 and 6 are formed so as to be continuous along the direction of joints appearing on the surface of the concrete structure at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure.
When a concrete structure is newly installed, the gap and the concave portion can be formed when the concrete is placed. This process will be described later.

The concave portions 5 and 6 can be formed as follows, for example.
As shown in FIG. 4 (a), cylindrical widening holes 8 that are centered in the joint gap 7 from the surface of the concrete structure and extend to the structural parts 1 and 2 on both sides are arranged at predetermined intervals along the joint. Form with. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the formed widened hole 8, and the widened hole 8 is formed deeper than the position where the concave portions 5 and 6 are provided. For the formation of the widening hole 8, for example, a core drill for concrete that rotates a cylindrical cutting blade around an axis can be used.

  When the widening hole 8 is formed, as shown in FIG. 4C, the cutting tool 9 is inserted into the widening hole 8 to cut the concave portions 5 and 6 along the joint direction. The cutting tool 9 has a rotating shaft 9b that is driven to rotate about an axis with respect to the main body 9a, and a cutting blade 9c is attached near the tip of the rotating shaft 9b. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft 9b is smaller than the width of the joint gap 7. Moreover, the cutting blade 9c is a disk-shaped member, is fixed so that the center may coincide with the rotating shaft 9b, and is driven to rotate together with the rotating shaft 9b to cut the concrete at the peripheral portion. The outer diameter of the cutting blade 9 c is larger than the gap of the joint 7 and smaller than the outer diameter of the widening hole 8. In the example shown in FIG. 4C, two cutting blades 9c are attached with a gap therebetween.

  By moving the rotary shaft 9b and the cutting blade 9c of the cutting tool 9 along the joint from the widening hole 8 while being driven to rotate, as shown in FIG. The mutually facing surfaces 3 and 4 can be cut into a groove shape. At this time, the reference member 9d provided on the main body 9a of the cutting tool is brought into contact with the surface of the concrete structure, and in this state, the cutting blade 9c moves to a position at the same depth along the joint direction. A groove is formed.

As shown in FIG. 5B, the surfaces 3 and 4 facing each other on both sides of the joint are cut into two grooves by the cutting tool 9, and the remaining cutting portions 3a and 4a between them are broken. The concave portions 5 and 6 having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. 2B can be formed. The step of folding the remaining cutting portions 3a and 4a may be performed by pushing the tool 10 having a wedge at the tip into the groove-shaped portion and breaking it, or by applying a tool to the remaining cutting portions 3a and 4a. It can be broken by locking and pulling to the surface side of the concrete structure or by pushing from the surface side.
Moreover, you may cut the whole cross section of a concave part using the bit corresponding to the shape of the concave part where the cross section became a rectangle as the cutting blade 9c attached to the cutting tool 9. FIG.

When the concave portions 5 and 6 are formed, as shown in FIG. 3A, the fixing portions 12 that are paste-like and flexibly deform are filled into the concave portions 5 and 6. Before the fixing material 12 is cured, the plate-like water-stopping member 11 is fed into the joint gap, and both side edges of the water-stopping member 11 are pushed into the fixing material 12. Thereby, as shown in FIG.3 (b), the both-sides edge part of the water stop member 11 is embedded in the fixing material 12 within the recessed parts 5 and 6 along the direction of a joint. Then, the fixing material 12 is cured and fixed in a state of being bridged between the first structural portion 1 and the second structural portion 2. At this time, the water-stop member 11 is arranged so that the cross-sectional shape is undulated or curved, and the water-stop member 11 also when the first structure portion 1 and the second structure portion 2 are relatively displaced. By following the deformation, a large load is prevented from being generated at the joint between the water stop member 11 and the fixing member 12.
In addition, it is desirable to apply | coat the base material etc. which have the impregnation property with respect to the concrete before filling the fixing material 12 to the inner surface of the recessed parts 5 and 6. FIG.

  Then, as shown in FIG.3 (c), the backup material 13 is arrange | positioned from the water stop member 11 to the surface side of a concrete structure, and the joint material 14 is further filled into the surface side. Then, if necessary, a protective layer 15 is formed on the surface of the concrete structure so as to cover the joints, thereby completing the water stop structure forming step.

  In the embodiment described above, the concave portions 5 and 6 have a rectangular cross section, but can be filled with the fixing material 12 and the water stop member 11 can be inserted and fixed. If it is, it is not limited to a rectangle, It can also be set as a shape as shown in FIG. The concave portion 21 shown in FIG. 6A has a triangular cross section, and the concave portion 22 shown in FIG. 6B has a trapezoidal shape with a reduced width on the back side. Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, the inner surface of the concave portion 23 may be a curved surface.

On the other hand, the step of filling the concave portions 5 and 6 formed on the opposing surfaces on both sides of the joint with the fixing material 12 and fixing the water stop member 11 can also be performed as shown in FIG.
In this step, as shown in FIG. 7A, the concave portions 5 and 6 are filled with about half of the fixing material 12a. Then, the water stop member 11 is inserted into the concave portions 5 and 6 and brought into close contact with the already-filled fixing material 12a as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the fixing material 12 is filled in the remaining gaps in the concave portions 5 and 6, and the water blocking member 11 is embedded in the fixing material 12 in the concave portions 5 and 6. In this method, even when a sheet-like member having low rigidity is used as the water stop member 11, both side edges can be easily embedded and fixed in the fixing material 12.

Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, although the plate-shaped or sheet-like member of uniform thickness was used as the water stop member 11, what has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 8 is used. You can also.
The water stop member 24 shown in FIG. 8A includes a portion 24 a that is inserted into the fixing member 12 and a portion 24 b that is bridged between the two structural portions 1 and 2 at both side edges of the plate-like member. In the boundary position, a portion 24c projecting from the plate surface to both sides is provided. The projecting portion 24c is formed so as to be continuous in the direction of the joint, and increases the area in contact with the fixing material 12 to improve the adhesion with the fixing material 12, thereby preventing water leakage from the boundary portion. To do.
The water stop member 25 shown in FIG. 8B has portions 25 a that protrude from both side edges of the plate-like member to both sides of the plate surface and are convexly curved toward the back side of the concave portions 5 and 6. Is. The curved portion 25a can be strongly pushed into the concave portions 5 and 6 filled with the fixing material 12, and is intended to improve the adhesion with the fixing material 12.
The water-stop member 26 shown in FIG. 8C has a curved cross-sectional shape at both side edge portions, and the curved portion 26 a is strongly pushed into the concave portions 5 and 6 filled with the fixing material 12. Is something that can be done.

Next, in another embodiment of the present invention, the water-stopping method and the water-stopping structure formed by this method are different in the process of forming the recesses on the mutually facing surfaces of the structural parts on both sides of the joint. 9 and FIG.
In this water-stopping method, a cutting blade is inserted into the joint gap 37 from the surface side of the concrete structure, and from the surfaces 33 and 34 facing each other across the joint, one side of the structural portions 31 and 32 on both sides of the joint. The cutting member is made to incline toward the surface. And it moves, cutting along a joint so that the groove | channel inclined diagonally may be formed along a joint. Such inclined grooves are formed so as to be symmetric with respect to the center line of the joint. That is, as indicated by an imaginary line L1 in FIG. 9A, the cutting blade enters the joint gap 37 from the surface on the second structure portion 32 side from the center of the joint, and the first structure portion 31 The concave portion 35 is cut on the surface 33 facing the second structural portion 32. As shown in FIG. 9B, the concave portion 35 is cut obliquely from the surface side to the back side of the concrete structure and opens toward the surface side. Such a process is made to enter the second structure portion 32 side from the first structure portion 31 side that is the opposite side of the center line of the joint, and the surface of the second structure portion 32 that faces the first structure portion 31. Similarly, a concave portion 36 is formed in 34.
At this time, the cutting blade may be inserted from a portion where the joint gap 37 is opened on the surface of the concrete structure, or the second structural portion 32 and the first structure as shown in FIG. A part of the structural portion 31 may be cut and entered into the joint gap 37.
The above-described cutting uses a cutting tool having a disk-shaped cutting blade, for example, a blade cutter, and causes the outer periphery of the cutting blade to enter the concrete structure while rotationally driving the disk-shaped cutting blade. Can be done. Also, using a cutting tool, such as a rotary wheel, that rotates a cylindrical cutting blade with an outer diameter corresponding to the groove width around its central axis, the cutting blade was advanced from the tip into the concrete structure and along the joint. A groove may be cut in the direction.

By cutting the concrete of the 1st structure part 31 and the 2nd structure part 32 as mentioned above, as shown in FIG.9 (b), the 1st structure part 31 and the 2nd structure part 32 of the both sides of a joint are shown. Concave portions 35 and 36 are formed at the top.
The concave portions 35 and 36 are filled with a fixing material 42 as shown in FIG. 9C, and the plate-like water blocking member 41 is elastically curved before the subsequent fixing material 42 is cured. Then, it is fed into the joint, and both side edges thereof are pushed into the fixing member 42 filled in the concave portions 35 and 36. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10A, both side edges of the water stop member 41 are embedded in the fixing member 42 in the concave portions 35 and 36, and the first structural portion 31 and the second structure portion 2 are cured by the hardening of the fixing member 42. It is fixed so as to be bridged over the structural part 32.

  After the fixing material 42 is cured, as shown in FIG. 10B, the backup material 43 is disposed on the surface side of the concrete structure from the water blocking member 41, and the joint material 44 is further filled on the surface side. Moreover, the protective layer 45 is formed so that a joint may be covered on the surface of a concrete structure as needed.

In such a water stop method, the concave portions 35 and 36 formed in the first structure portion 31 and the second structure portion 32 on both sides of the joint are opened toward the surface side of the concrete structure, and fixed. The filling of the material 42 and the mounting of the water stop member 41 can be easily performed.
In this embodiment, the material for forming the water stop member 41, the fixing material 42, the backup material 43, the joint material 44 and the protective layer 45 is the same as that which can be used in the water stop structure shown in FIG. Things can be used.

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a water-stop method and a water-stop structure for preventing rainwater and the like from penetrating into a concrete structure from a crack generated in the concrete structure, which is another embodiment of the present invention. .
In this water stop method, in order to form a water stop structure along the crack 57, grooves 58 are formed near the surface of the concrete structure over both sides of the crack 57 as shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b). Form. The groove 58 is cut almost perpendicularly to the surface of the concrete structure, and the depth thereof is deeper than the position where the concave portion for fixing the water stop member 61 is formed.

When the groove 58 is formed, the step of forming the concave portions 55, 56, the step of filling the fixing portions 62 into the concave portions 55, 56, the water stop member, as in the case of forming the water stop structure shown in FIG. The step of fixing 61, the step of arranging the backup material 63, the step of filling the joint material 64 are performed, and the step of forming the protective layer 65 is performed as necessary, so that the water stop structure shown in FIG. Can be formed.
Before fixing the water stop member 61, a seal material 66 made of water-swelling rubber or a seal material that prevents water from penetrating into other cracks may be arranged at the bottom of the groove 58.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the water stop structure formed at the position where the crack 57 is generated and the method for forming the water stop structure and stopping the water are performed when water stop is performed at the seam generated when the concrete structure is constructed. Can also be adopted in the same way. In addition, even when the water stop structure formed at the position where the joint is provided and the method of forming the water stop structure and stopping the water, the gap between the structural parts on both sides of the joint is small or there is no gap. In the same manner as in the water-stopping structure and the water-stopping method shown in FIG. 11, a groove for expanding the joint gap is cut, and thereafter, the water-stopping structure is formed in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. can do.

  Furthermore, when cutting a groove having a predetermined depth on both sides of the joint or a groove having a predetermined depth on both sides of the crack or joint, as shown in FIG. A groove 78 having an enlarged width on the front surface side can also be formed. The groove 78 forms a groove 78 having a width large enough to easily perform the work of filling the concave portions 75 and 76 with the fixing material 82 and fixing the water stop member 81. When the groove 78 is formed in this way, after the water blocking member 81 is fixed, the surface side of the concrete structure from the concave portions 75 and 76 faces each other on both sides of the groove 78 as shown in FIG. It is desirable to provide groove width restoring portions 87 and 88 on the surface to be processed. Due to the groove width restoring portions 87 and 88, it is possible to avoid an excessively large area for filling the joint material 84 on the surface side of the backup material 83. The groove width restoring portions 87 and 88 can be molded in a paste form, such as a material that can be used as a fixing material, for example, a material that is hardened later and has a sufficient strength and a large adhesion to concrete. For example, a synthetic resin, a resin mortar, or the like can be used.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention and showing another example of a water stop method and a water stop structure for preventing rainwater and the like from penetrating from cracks.
In this water stopping method, an inclined groove is formed from a structural part on both sides of a crack generated in a concrete structure to the opposite side of the crank over the crack. That is, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), if both sides of the generated crack 97 are the first structure portion 91 and the second structure portion 92, the first structure as shown by phantom lines in this figure. The first groove 98 that inclines toward the second structure portion 92 as it becomes deeper from the surface of the portion 91 and cuts through the crack 97 to reach the second structure portion 92 is cut. Similarly, the second groove 99 is also inclined from the surface of the second structural portion 92 toward the first structural portion 91, and the second groove 99 reaching the first structural portion 91 beyond the crack 97 is cut. These grooves 98 and 99 are formed along the direction of cracks appearing on the surface of the concrete structure. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 13B, concave portions 95 and 96 are formed on both sides of the cracks of the first structure portion 91 and the second structure portion 92, respectively. Further, the surface side of the concrete structure is formed into a groove shape from the concave portions 95 and 96 and opens to the surface of the concrete structure.

  When the cutting of the two inclined grooves is finished in this way, the step of filling the concave portions 95 and 96 with the fixing material 102, the water stop member 101, as in the water stop method and the water stop structure shown in FIGS. 13 is inserted into the concave portions 95 and 96, the step of arranging the backup material 103, the step of filling the joint material 104, and the step of providing the protective layer 105 as necessary are shown in FIG. Thus, a water stop structure can be formed.

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a water-stopping method and a water-stopping structure that can be applied to joints or joints when a concrete structure is newly constructed, which is another embodiment of the present invention.
In this method, when placing concrete in one of the structural parts formed on both sides of the joint, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), the mold 141 is positioned at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure. A convex mold 142 having a size corresponding to the concave portions 5 and 6 shown in FIG. It is desirable to use a material that can be deformed flexibly, such as a synthetic resin foam or rubber material, as the material used for the convex mold 142.

After the cast concrete is hardened, one of the structural parts 131 on both sides of the joint is formed by removing the mold together with the convex mold material, and the concave part 133 is formed at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure. Is provided. As shown in FIG. 14B, a joint material 143 whose shape such as elastite is maintained almost constant is attached to a position that serves as a joint of the structural portion 131. In addition, a mold material 144 for forming a gap between the two structural parts and a convex mold material 145 for forming a concave part are attached to the part where the water stop structure near the surface of the concrete structure is provided. Then, concrete is placed so as to be in close contact with the mold material 144 and the convex mold material 145 to form the other 132 of the structural portions on both sides of the joint.
The mold material 144 and the convex mold material 145 for forming the gap are made of a synthetic resin foam, rubber, or the like, similar to the convex mold material 142 used when forming the concave portion in the one structural portion 131. it can.

After the concrete has hardened, the mold material 144 and the convex mold material 145 are removed. The mold material 144 and the convex mold material 145 are flexibly deformed, peeled off from the concrete on both sides, and pulled out. When a foam is used for the mold material 144, the mold material may be taken out while being crushed.
By removing the mold material 144 and the convex mold material 145, the structural portions 131 and 132 on both sides of the joint are formed, and a gap 135 is secured between them. In addition, concave portions 133 and 134 are formed at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure.
Thereafter, the same process as that for forming the water stop structure shown in FIG. 1 can be performed to complete the water stop structure.

FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a water stop method and a water stop structure in a joint portion between two precast concrete members, which is another embodiment of the present invention.
In this water stopping method, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), before joining the two precast concrete members 111 and 112, concave portions 115 and 116 are provided on the mutually facing surfaces 113 and 114, respectively. 14B, when the two precast concrete members 111 and 112 are joined with the joint material 126 such as elastite sandwiched therebetween, the precast concrete members 111 and 111 are formed from the positions where the concave portions 115 and 116 are formed. A gap 117 is formed on the surface side of 112. After the two precast concrete members 111 and 112 are joined in this manner, as shown in FIG. 14C, the concave portions 115 and 116 are formed in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. A step of filling the fixing material 122, a step of fixing the water stop member 121 into the concave portions 115 and 116, a step of arranging the backup material 123, a step of filling the joint material 124, and a protective layer 125 as necessary. The water stopping structure can be formed by performing the step of providing.
In addition, when water-stopping joints for existing structures to which a plurality of precast concrete members are joined, when water-stopping joints as described above, when water-stopping is performed for cracks or joints Similarly, the water stop structure of the present invention can be formed.

  The water-stopping structure and the water-stopping method described above are embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and appropriate design changes and the like can be made within the scope of the present invention. Can be done. Further, the water stop structure and the water stop method can be widely applied to underground structures such as subways, caisson for revetment, submerged boxes, joint walls, joints in waterways, cracks or joints, etc. .

1: first structure portion of concrete structure, 2: second structure portion of concrete structure, 3: surface of first structure portion facing second structure portion, 3a: residual cutting portion, 4: A surface of the second structure portion facing the first structure portion, 4a: a cutting remaining portion, 5: a recessed portion provided in the first structure portion, 6: a recessed portion provided in the second structure portion, 7: Joint gap, 8: Widening hole, 9: Cutting tool, 9a: Cutting tool main body, 9b: Cutting tool rotating shaft, 9c: Cutting tool cutting blade, 9d: Cutting tool reference member, 10: A tool to break off the remaining cutting part,
11: Water stop member, 12: Fixing material, 13: Backup material, 14: Joint material, 15: Protective layer,
21, 22, 23: concave part, 24: water stop member, 24 a: part inserted into the fixing material 12, 24 b: part spanned between two structural parts, 24 c: part projecting from the plate surface to both sides 25: Water stop member, 25a: A convexly curved portion, 26: Water stop member, 26a: A curved portion,
31: The first structural part of the concrete structure, 32: The second structural part of the concrete structure, 33: The surface of the first structural part facing the second structural part, 34: The second structural part A surface facing the first structural part, 35: a concave part provided in the first structural part, 36: a concave part provided in the second structural part, 37: a gap between joints,
41: Water stop member, 42: Fixing material, 43: Backup material, 44: Joint material, 45: Protective layer,
55, 56: concave portion, 57: crack, 58: groove,
61: Water stop member, 62: Fixing material, 63: Backup material, 64: Joint material, 65: Protective layer, 66: Seal material,
75, 76: concave portion, 78: groove,
81: Water stop member, 82: Fixing material, 83: Backup material, 84: Joint material, 85: Protection layer, 87, 88: Restoring part of groove width,
91: the first structural part of the concrete structure, 92: the second structural part of the concrete structure, 95, 96: the concave part, 97: the crack, 98: the inclined first groove, 99: the inclined second part Groove,
101: Water stop member, 102: Fixing material, 103: Backup material, 104: Joint material, 105: Protective layer,
111, 112: Precast concrete member, 113, 114: Two mutually facing surfaces of the precast concrete member, 115, 116: Recessed portion, 117: Gap between the two precast concrete members,
121: Water stop member, 122: Fixing material, 123: Backup material, 124: Joint material, 125: Protection layer, 126: Joint material 131; One structural part on both sides of joint, 132; Other structural part, 133 134; concave part, 135; gap 141; mold, 142; convex mold material, 143; joint material, 144; mold material, 145; convex mold material

Claims (10)

A concave portion is formed along the direction of the joint at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure on the mutually facing surfaces of the structural parts on both sides of the joint formed in the concrete structure,
Both side edges of the plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that is continuous in the direction of the joints and deforms flexibly are inserted into the concave portions of the opposing structural parts,
A fixing material that adheres to the structural part of concrete and the water-stopping member is filled in the concave portion, and both side edges of the water-stopping member are embedded in the fixing material,
A water-stopping structure characterized in that a joint material is filled on the surface side of the water-stopping member between the opposing structural portions. Along the cracks that occur in the concrete structure or the joints that occur during the construction of the concrete structure, grooves are formed that span the structural parts on both sides of the cracks or the joints,
A concave portion is formed along the direction of the groove at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure on the opposite surfaces on both sides of the groove,
Continuously extending in the direction of the crack or seam, both side edges of a plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that is flexibly deformed are inserted into the concave portions of the structural parts on both sides of the groove,
A fixing material that adheres to the structural part of concrete and the water-stopping member is filled in the concave portion, and both side edges of the water-stopping member are embedded in the fixing material,
A waterstop structure, wherein a joint material is filled on the surface side of the waterstop member in the groove. The joint surface of the two precast concrete members is formed so that a groove is formed near the surface between the two precast concrete members joined to each other,
A concave portion is formed along the direction of the groove at a predetermined depth in the groove from the surface of the precast concrete member on the opposite surfaces on both sides of the groove,
Both side edges of a plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that is continuous in the direction of the groove and deforms flexibly are inserted into the respective concave-shaped portions of the facing precast concrete member,
A fixing material that adheres to the precast concrete member and the water-stopping member is filled in the concave portion, and both side edges of the water-stopping member are embedded in the fixing material,
A waterstop structure, wherein a joint material is filled on the surface side of the waterstop member in the groove. Securing a gap between structural parts on both sides of a joint provided in a concrete structure;
Cutting the opposing surfaces on both sides of the joint into a concave shape along the direction of the joint at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure in the gap, and forming a concave portion;
The concave portion is filled with a fixing material that adheres to the structural portion of concrete and a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped water-stopping member that is deformed flexibly, and both side edges of the water-stopping member that are long in the joint direction are formed. Burying in the fixing material along the joint, and installing the water stop member so as to connect the structural parts on both sides of the joint;
Filling a joint material in the vicinity of the surface in the gap so as to be separated from the water-stopping member. Forming a groove having a predetermined depth along a crack generated in the concrete structure or a joint formed at the time of construction of the concrete structure and extending over a structural portion on both sides of the crack or the joint;
Cutting the surfaces facing each other in the groove into a concave shape along the direction of the groove at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure in the groove, and forming a concave portion;
The concave portion is filled with a fixing material that adheres to the structural portion of the concrete and a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped water-stopping member that is flexibly deformed, and the water-stopping member that is long in the direction of the crack or the seam. Embedding both side edges in the fixing material along the crack or seam, and installing the water stop member to connect the structural parts on both sides of the groove;
Filling a joint material near the surface in the groove so as to be separated from the water-stopping member. The step of forming the concave portion includes
Cutting a cylindrical hole having a center within the width of the gap or the groove and having an inner diameter larger than the width of the groove near the surface of the concrete structure;
Using a cutting tool in which a cutting member having an outer diameter larger than the width of the gap or groove is attached to a rotating shaft having an outer diameter smaller than the width of the gap or the groove, the cutting member is inserted into the hole and the cutting member is inserted into the hole. Cutting the surfaces facing each other on both sides of the gap or groove by moving the rotary shaft in the gap or groove while rotationally driving the rotating shaft and the cutting member. The water stop method of Claim 4 or Claim 5 characterized by these. The step of forming the concave portion includes
A step of cutting a continuous groove along the joint by causing the cutting member to incline from the surface side of the concrete structure into the joint on one side of the joint on both sides of the joint. When,
A step of cutting a continuous groove along the joint by causing the cutting member to incline from the surface side of the concrete structure to the other side of the structural part on both sides of the joint through the joint gap. The water stop method according to claim 4, comprising: Inclination from one surface of the structure part on both sides of the crack generated in the concrete structure or at the time of construction of the joint structure to the other side, and cutting to the other structure part over the crack or joint Cutting the first groove continuous along the crack or seam by causing the member to enter;
Inclining from the other surface of the structural part on both sides of the crack or joint to one side and passing the cutting member over the crack or joint to the one structural part, along the crack or joint Cutting the second continuous groove;
Filling the bottom of the first groove and the second groove with a fixing material that adheres to the structural part of concrete and a plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that deforms flexibly, Both side edges of the water stop member that are long in the direction of the seam are embedded in the fixing member along the crack or the seam, and the water stop member is installed so as to connect both sides of the crack or the seam. Process,
Filling a joint material in the vicinity of the surface of the concrete structure in the gap formed by cutting the first groove and the second groove so as to be separated from the water stop member. Water stop method characterized by. A gap is formed at least near the surface between structural parts on both sides of joints or joints provided in the concrete structure, and at a predetermined depth from the surface of the concrete structure on the surfaces facing each other in the gap. A step of placing concrete by forming a mold so that a continuous concave portion is formed along the direction of the joints or joints; and
The concave portion is filled with a fixing material that adheres to the structural portion of concrete and a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped water-stopping member that is flexibly deformed, and both sides of the water-stopping member that are long in the direction of the joints or joints Burying an edge portion in the fixing material along the joint, and installing the water stop member so as to connect the structural parts on both sides of the joint; and
Filling a joint material in the vicinity of the surface in the gap so as to be separated from the water-stopping member. While forming the joint surface of the precast concrete member so that a groove is formed near the surface between the two precast concrete members joined together,
A concave portion continuous along the direction of the groove is formed at a predetermined depth from the surface of the precast concrete member on the mutually opposing surfaces in the groove formed by joining the two precast concrete members to each other. Form the precast concrete member to have
Filling the concave portion with a fixing material that adheres to the precast concrete member and a plate-like or sheet-like water-stopping member that is flexibly deformed, and both side edges of the water-stopping member that are long in the direction of the groove, Embedded in the fixing material along the groove, and installing the water stop member so as to connect both sides of the groove;
Filling a joint material near the surface in the groove so as to be separated from the water-stopping member.

Images