JP2016014743A - Stereoscopic display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereoscopic display that can easily display accurate stereoscopic images.SOLUTION: A light beam controller 7 is arranged to surround the periphery of a central axis Z. In the light beam controller 7, a light transmission and diffusion layer 72 and a light reflection layer 71 are laminated to each other. The light transmission and diffusion layer 72 is located between the central axis Z and the light reflection layer 71. The inner peripheral surface of the light transmission and diffusion layer 72 has a circular horizontal section centering the central axis Z. Light beam generators 2 are rotated around the central axis Z and emit a light beam group comprising a plurality of light beams toward the light transmission and diffusion layer 72. The light transmission and diffusion layer 72 diffuses and transmits the emitted light beam group in the vertical direction. The light reflection layer 71 reflects the light beam group transmitted through the light transmission and diffusion layer 72. The light beam generators 2 are controlled on the basis of stereoscopic shape data so that a stereoscopic image is presented by the light beam group reflected and diffused by the light beam controller 7.

Description

  The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display for presenting a stereoscopic image.

  Various stereoscopic displays that present stereoscopic images have been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In a stereoscopic display, generally, a stereoscopic image is presented in a space such as in front of or above a screen.

  The three-dimensional display described in Patent Document 1 has a cone-shaped light controller. The light beam controller is arranged such that the bottom of the cone shape opens on the reference plane. A turntable to which a plurality of scanning projectors are fixed is provided below the reference plane. Each scanning projector irradiates the outer peripheral surface of the light beam controller with a light beam group composed of a plurality of light beams from the outside of the light beam controller while rotating on a turntable around the rotation axis. The light beam controller transmits each light beam emitted from each scanning projector without diffusing in the circumferential direction. Thereby, a three-dimensional image is displayed above and inside the cone-shaped light controller.

JP 2011-48273 A

  In a three-dimensional display like Patent Document 1, each scanning projector emits so that a three-dimensional image is displayed when an observer looks above and inside the light controller from a position around the light controller. The power ray group is calculated by the control unit. This calculation is performed using a number of parameters such as the position of the observer's viewpoint, the position of each scanning projector, and the position of the light beam controller. The larger the number of such parameters, the more complicated the calculation for displaying a stereoscopic image accurately. Therefore, a stereoscopic display that can more easily display an accurate stereoscopic image is desired.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic display capable of easily displaying an accurate stereoscopic image.

  (1) A three-dimensional display according to the present invention is a three-dimensional display for presenting a three-dimensional image based on three-dimensional shape data, and includes a light beam generator having a light beam emitting unit that emits a light beam group composed of a plurality of light beams, A light controller including a light transmission diffusion layer and a light reflection layer stacked on each other and formed to surround the periphery of the rotation center axis; a rotation mechanism for rotating the light generator around the rotation center axis; A light transmission diffusion layer of the light controller located between the rotation center axis and the light reflection layer, and the inner peripheral surface of the light transmission diffusion layer of the light controller is rotated. The light generator has a circular horizontal section centered on the central axis, and the light generator is provided so as to emit a light group toward the light transmission diffusion layer of the light controller, and the light transmission diffusion layer is an incident light group. To diffuse and transmit in the vertical direction The light reflection layer is formed so as to reflect a group of light beams that have passed through the light transmission diffusion layer, and the control unit is reflected by the light reflection layer and transmitted through the light transmission diffusion layer based on the three-dimensional shape data. The light generator is controlled so that a stereoscopic image is presented by the light group.

  In this stereoscopic display, a light beam controller is disposed so as to surround the periphery of the rotation center axis. The light transmission diffusion layer of the light control element is located between the rotation center axis and the light reflection layer. The inner peripheral surface of the light transmission diffusion layer has a circular horizontal cross section centered on the rotation center axis. The light beam generator emits a light beam group composed of a plurality of light beams toward the light transmission diffusion layer of the light beam controller while being rotated around the rotation center axis by the rotation mechanism.

  In this case, the light transmission diffusion layer diffuses and transmits the light beam emitted by the light generator in the vertical direction. The light reflection layer reflects a group of light rays that have passed through the light transmission diffusion layer. The light transmission diffusion layer further diffuses and transmits the light beam reflected by the light reflection layer in the vertical direction.

  The light generator is controlled by the control unit based on the three-dimensional shape data so that a three-dimensional image is presented by a group of light beams reflected by the light reflection layer and transmitted through the light transmission diffusion layer. Thereby, the observer who observed the light ray group reflected by the light reflection layer and transmitted through the light transmission diffusion layer can visually recognize the stereoscopic image.

  Here, since the light transmission diffusion layer and the light reflection layer of the light control element are stacked on each other, there is no light path between the light transmission diffusion layer and the light reflection layer. Therefore, in the calculation of the light beam group to be emitted by the light generator, the positional relationship between the light transmission diffusion layer and the light reflection layer can be excluded from the variation parameter. Thereby, the calculation process of the light ray group is simplified. Further, it is not necessary to adjust the positional relationship between the light transmission diffusion layer and the light reflection layer.

  Furthermore, according to the above configuration, since it is not necessary to rotate the light beam controller around the rotation center axis, it is not necessary to perform inertia control due to the rotation of the light beam controller. Thereby, inertia control of a three-dimensional display becomes easy. As a result, an accurate stereoscopic image can be easily displayed.

  (2) The light beam generator may be arranged so that at least a part of the emitted light beam group passes through the rotation center axis. In this case, a stereoscopic image can be displayed near the rotation center axis.

  (3) A viewing area is defined in advance so as to surround the periphery of the rotation center axis outside the light beam controller, and a presentation area in which a stereoscopic image is to be presented in order to observe a stereoscopic image from the viewing area The predefined presentation area is a circular area centered on the rotation center axis, and the light generator may be arranged such that the light beam emitting portion is located outside the presentation area.

  In this case, light beam groups reflected by a plurality of positions of the light beam controller intersect with each other by the rotation of the light beam generator, thereby forming an intersection region of the light beam groups. A stereoscopic image is presented in an overlapping area between the intersection area and the presentation area. Here, according to said arrangement | positioning, an intersection area | region can be enlarged. Therefore, a larger stereoscopic image can be presented.

  (4) The outermost two rays out of the rays emitted from the ray generator are reflected by the light reflection layer of the ray controller, and the ray generator is rotated by the rotation mechanism, whereby the outermost two rays reflected. A circular area having one ray as a tangent line may be formed, and a stereoscopic image may be presented in an overlapping area between the circular area and the presentation area.

  In this case, a group of light beams reflected at a plurality of positions of the light beam controller by the rotation of the light beam generator can intersect within the circular region. Thereby, a three-dimensional image can be presented in an overlapping area between the circular area and the presentation area.

  (5) The light generator may have an angle of view capable of presenting a stereoscopic image over the entire presentation area. In this case, a stereoscopic image can be presented over the entire presentation area.

  (6) The angle of view of the light generator is a first tangent that passes through the light emitting part and touches one point on the outer periphery of the presentation area, and a second tangent that passes through the light emitting part and touches another point on the outer periphery of the presentation area. It may be more than the angle formed by.

  In this case, the intersecting area of the light beam group can be made larger than the presentation area. Thereby, a three-dimensional image can be presented over the entire presentation area.

  (7) The light beam generator includes first and second light beam generators arranged with a vertical plane including the rotation center axis interposed therebetween, and the first light beam generator is in a direction that bisects the angle of view. The first central ray is emitted, the second ray generator emits the second central ray in a direction that bisects the angle of view, and the first and second ray generators The two central rays may be arranged so as to intersect at a position deviating from the rotation center axis.

  In this case, a part of the stereoscopic image is formed by reflecting and diffusing the light ray group emitted from the first light ray generator with the light ray controller. In addition, the light beam emitted from the second light generator is reflected and diffused by the light controller to form another part of the stereoscopic image. By superimposing a part of the formed stereoscopic image and another part, a larger stereoscopic image can be presented.

  (8) A viewing area is defined in advance so as to surround the periphery of the rotation center axis outside the light beam controller, and a presentation area in which a stereoscopic image is to be presented in order to observe a stereoscopic image from the viewing area The presentation area defined in advance is a circular area centered on the rotation center axis, and the first and second light generators are arranged so that the light beam emitting portion is located on the outer periphery or outside of the presentation area. Also good.

  In this case, the light ray groups reflected at the plurality of positions of the light ray controller intersect with each other by the rotation of the first light ray generator to form a first intersection region of the light ray groups. A part of the stereoscopic image is presented in an overlapping area between the first intersection area and the presentation area. In addition, the light beam group reflected at a plurality of positions of the light beam controller intersects with the rotation of the second light beam generator to form a second intersection region of the light beam group. The other part of the stereoscopic image is presented in the overlapping area between the second intersection area and the presentation area. Here, according to the above arrangement, the first and second intersecting regions can be enlarged. Therefore, a larger stereoscopic image can be presented.

  (9) Of the light beams emitted from the first light beam generator, the first light beam farthest from the rotation center axis is reflected by the light reflecting layer of the light beam controller, and the first light beam generator is rotated by the rotation mechanism. As a result, a first circular region tangent to the reflected first light ray is formed, and the second light ray farthest from the rotation center axis among the light rays emitted from the second light ray generator is the light ray. When the second light generator is reflected by the light reflecting layer of the controller and rotated by the rotation mechanism, a second circular region having the reflected second light ray as a tangent is formed, and the first A stereoscopic image may be presented in an overlapping area between the circular area and the presentation area and an overlapping area between the second circular area and the presentation area.

  In this case, a group of light beams reflected at a plurality of positions of the light beam controller by the rotation of the first light beam generator can intersect within the first circular region. In addition, a group of light beams reflected at a plurality of positions of the light controller by the rotation of the second light generator can intersect within the second circular region. Thereby, it is possible to present a stereoscopic image in an overlapping area between the first circular area and the presentation area and an overlapping area between the second circular area and the presentation area.

  (10) The first light generator has an angle of view capable of presenting a stereoscopic image in a part of the presentation area, and the second light generator can present a stereoscopic image in another part of the presentation area. You may have an angle of view. In this case, a stereoscopic image can be presented over the entire presentation area.

  (11) The angle of view of the first light generator is defined by a tangent line that passes through the light emitting part of the first light generator and touches one point on the outer periphery of the presentation area and the light emitting part of the first light generator. The angle of view of the second light generator is greater than or equal to the angle formed by the straight line intersecting the rotation center axis, and the other angle of the outer periphery of the presentation region passes through the light beam emitting portion of the second light generator. May be equal to or greater than an angle formed by a tangent line tangent to the straight line and a straight line passing through the light beam emitting portion of the second light generator and intersecting the rotation center axis.

  In this case, each of the first and second intersecting areas can be made larger than the presentation area. Thereby, a three-dimensional image can be presented over the entire presentation area.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily display an accurate stereoscopic image.

It is a typical sectional view of the three-dimensional display concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic plan view of the three-dimensional display of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure and function of the light controller in the three-dimensional display of FIG. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating operation | movement of a light generator. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the presentation method of a stereo image. It is typical sectional drawing for demonstrating the presentation method of a stereo image. It is a top view for demonstrating the relationship between the arrangement | positioning and angle of view of a light generator, and the area | region where a stereo image is shown. It is a top view for demonstrating the other relationship between arrangement | positioning of a light generator, an angle of view, and the area | region where a stereo image is shown. It is a top view for demonstrating the further another relationship between the arrangement | positioning and angle of view of a light generator, and the area | region where a stereo image is shown. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the generation | occurrence | production principle of the binocular parallax in the three-dimensional display which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating correction | amendment of a light ray group in case an observer's eyes exist in the position which remove | deviated from the annular | circular shaped viewing zone. It is a figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the light generator in 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the relationship between the arrangement | positioning of one light beam generator in 2nd Embodiment, and an angle of view, and the area | region where a stereo image is shown. It is a top view for demonstrating the arrangement | positioning of the other light beam generator in 2nd Embodiment, and the relationship between an angle of view, and the area | region where a stereo image is shown. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the light generator in other embodiment.

[1] First Embodiment Hereinafter, a stereoscopic display according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(1) Configuration of 3D Display FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a 3D display according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the stereoscopic display of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the stereoscopic display includes a light generator 2, a control device 3, a storage device 4, a rotation module 6, a light controller 7 and a plurality of cameras 8. The control device 3 is composed of a personal computer, for example. The storage device 4 includes, for example, a hard disk, a memory card, and the like. The storage device 4 stores stereoscopic shape data for presenting the stereoscopic image 300.

  Components constituting the stereoscopic display of FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided below the table 5. The table 5 includes a circular top plate 51 and a plurality of legs 52. The top plate 51 has a circular hole 51h at the center. The shape of the hole 51h is not limited to a circle, and may be a polygon such as a triangle or a quadrangle, an ellipse, or other shapes. A transparent plate may be fitted into the hole 51 h of the table 5. An observer 10 around the table 5 can observe the vicinity of the center of the top plate 51 from obliquely above the top plate 51 of the table 5.

  A rotation module 6 is provided below the table 5. The rotation module 6 includes a motor 61, a rotation shaft 62, a turntable 63, a signal transmission device 64, and a rotation amount measuring device 65. The rotating shaft 62 is attached to the motor 61 so as to be positioned on the central axis Z extending in the vertical direction.

  A rotating table 63 is attached to the rotating shaft 62 in a horizontal posture. A signal transmission device 64 is provided between the rotary shaft 62 and the rotary base 63. The signal transmission device 64 is a device for transmitting electric power or a signal between a stationary body and a rotating body. As the signal transmission device 64, for example, a slip ring or an optical rotary joint can be used.

  In addition, a rotation amount measuring device 65 is provided on the rotation shaft 62. The rotation amount measuring device 65 is used to detect the rotation position of the rotation shaft 62. As the rotation amount measuring device 65, for example, a rotary encoder or the like can be used. The motor 61 is controlled by the control device 3. When the motor 61 is a mechanism capable of strictly controlling the rotation amount such as a stepping motor, the rotation amount measuring device 65 is not necessarily required.

  The light generator 2 is fixed on the turntable 63. The light generator 2 is, for example, a scanning projector. The light generator 2 emits a light beam and can deflect the light beam in a horizontal plane and a vertical plane. Thereby, the light generator 2 can scan the incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 described later of the light controller 7 with the light beam. Here, the light beam refers to light represented by a straight line that does not diffuse. The light generator 2 is provided so as to emit a light beam group composed of a plurality of light beams outward and obliquely upward.

  The light beam generator 2 may be a general projector provided with a projection system such as a spatial light modulator and a lens array composed of a plurality of lenses. Here, when the aperture (aperture) of the projection system is sufficiently small, a light beam group can be formed as in the case of the scanning projector. The spatial light modulator is, for example, DMD (Digital Micromirror Device), LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), or LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon).

  3A to 3E are diagrams for explaining the configuration and function of the light beam controller 7 in the three-dimensional display of FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the light beam controller 7, FIG. 3B is a longitudinal sectional view of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light beam controller 7, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a light transmission diffusion layer 72. FIG. FIG. 3D is a longitudinal sectional view of the light controller 7, and FIG. 3E is a transverse sectional view of the light controller 7.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the light beam controller 7 has a configuration in which a light transmission diffusion layer 72 is laminated on the inner surface of a cylindrical light reflection layer 71. In this example, the light reflecting layer 71 is a mirror having a reflecting surface on the inner surface. The light reflection layer 71 may be a sheet-like member or a plate-like member, or may be a reflection film formed by applying a paint to one surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72. The light transmission diffusion layer 72 may be a lenticular sheet or a holographic screen. The light transmission diffusion layer 72 may have a configuration in which a resin layer containing a minute light diffusion material is formed on the surface of a flat sheet-like member having a light transmission property. In this case, the minute light diffusion material has, for example, an elliptical shape or a fiber shape.

  The light transmission diffusion layer 72 is formed so as to have different configurations in the first direction X and the second direction Y orthogonal to each other. In this example, the first direction X is the ridge line direction of the light transmission diffusion layer 72, and the second direction Y is the circumferential direction of the light transmission diffusion layer 72. Here, a surface that intersects the light transmission diffusion layer 72 along the first direction X is referred to as a first surface FX, and a surface that intersects the light transmission diffusion layer 72 along the second direction Y is the second surface FX. Called the plane FY. As shown in FIG. 3B, the light beam incident on the light transmissive diffusion layer 72 is diffused and transmitted in the first direction X in the first plane FX, as shown in FIG. 3C. In the second surface FY, the light passes through almost straight while being slightly diffused.

  Thus, the diffusion angle in the second direction Y of the light beam transmitted through the light transmission diffusion layer 72 is smaller than the diffusion angle in the first direction X. The diffusion angle in the second direction Y may be 1/10 or less of the diffusion angle in the first direction X. For example, it is smaller than the diffusion angle in the first direction X. In the present embodiment, the diffusion angle in the first direction X is, for example, 60 degrees, and the diffusion angle in the second direction Y is, for example, 1 degree. The diffusion angle in the second direction Y is not limited to this, and may be smaller than 1 degree, for example.

  The light beam controller 7 is fixed so that the first direction X of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 coincides with the vertical direction parallel to the central axis Z and the second direction Y coincides with the horizontal direction. The central axis of the light beam controller 7 coincides with the rotation axis 62 and the central axis Z. As shown in FIG. 3D, the light incident on the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light controller 7 is greatly diffused in the first direction X within the first surface FX and transmitted through the light transmission diffusion layer 72. Then, it is reflected by the reflection surface of the light reflection layer 71. The light beam reflected by the reflection surface of the light reflection layer 71 is greatly diffused in the first direction X in the first surface FX, passes through the light transmission diffusion layer 72 again, and is emitted from the surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72. Is done.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (e), the light incident on the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light controller 7 travels almost straight through the light transmission diffusion layer 72 while slightly diffusing in the second surface FY. Reflected by the reflection surface of the light reflection layer 71. The light beam reflected by the reflection surface of the light reflection layer 71 travels substantially straight while slightly diffusing in the second surface FY, passes through the light transmission diffusion layer 72 again, and is emitted from the surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72. The

  The inner surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 in the light beam controller 7 is referred to as an incident / exit surface. The incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 has a circular horizontal cross section. The light group emitted from the light generator 2 is incident on the light incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light controller 7, diffuses and transmits in the vertical direction by the light transmission diffusion layer 72, and is transmitted by the light reflection layer 71. Reflected. The light ray group reflected by the light reflection layer 71 is further diffused and transmitted in the vertical direction by the light reflection layer 71, and is emitted from the incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72. A group of rays emitted from the incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 is guided upward from below the top plate 51 through the hole 51 h of the top plate 51.

  The light generator 2 and the rotation amount measuring device 65 on the turntable 63 are connected to the control device 3 via a signal transmission device 64. When the motor 61 is operated, the rotating shaft 62 rotates together with the turntable 63 and the light generator 2. In this case, the light beam group emitted from the rotating light beam generator 2 is diffused and reflected by the light beam controller 7 in the vertical direction.

  The control device 3 controls the light generator 2 based on the solid shape data stored in the storage device 4. Thereby, the stereoscopic image 300 is presented above and below the hole 51 h of the top plate 51.

  The plurality of cameras 8 are arranged so as to image the face of the observer 10 around the table 5. Image data obtained by the plurality of cameras 8 is given to the control device 3. The control device 3 calculates the position (viewpoint) of each observer's 10 eye based on the image data given from the plurality of cameras 8, and corrects the light beam group by viewpoint tracking described later.

(2) Operation of the Light Generator FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic plan views for explaining the operation of the light generator 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the light generator 2 has a light exit P for emitting a light beam composed of laser light. The light generator 2 emits a light beam from the light beam emission port P, and can deflect the light beam in a horizontal plane and a vertical plane as described above.

  The light generator 2 deflects the light beam in a horizontal plane, whereby the incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 can be scanned in the horizontal direction. Further, the light generator 2 deflects the light beam in the vertical plane, whereby the incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 can be scanned in the vertical direction. Thereby, the light generator 2 can scan the incident / exit surface of the light transmission diffusion layer 72 with the light beam.

  Moreover, the light generator 2 can set the color of the light for each direction of the light. Thereby, the light generator 2 emits a light beam group made up of a plurality of light beams in a pseudo manner.

  In FIG. 4A, the light generator 2 irradiates the light controller 7 with a plurality of light beams L1 to L5. The light beams L1 to L5 are set to arbitrary colors, respectively. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, the light beams L1 to L5 of the set colors are transmitted through the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light controller 7 and a plurality of positions P1 on the reflection surface of the light reflection layer 71. Reflected at ~ P5. The plurality of light beams L1 to L5 reflected at the plurality of positions P1 to P5 again pass through the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and are guided above the light beam controller 7.

  Since the light transmission diffusion layer 72 transmits the light beams L1 to L5 almost linearly in the horizontal direction, the observer 10 can visually recognize only one light beam at a certain position. Further, since the light beam controller 7 diffuses and transmits the light beams L1 to L5 in the vertical direction, the observer 10 can visually recognize almost one light beam from an arbitrary position in the vertical direction.

(3) Presentation Method of Stereoscopic Image FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view for explaining a presentation method of the stereoscopic image 300. In FIG. 5, the light directly emitted from the light generator 2 is indicated by a thin line, and the light reflected by the light controller 7 is indicated by a thick line. Further, the light generator 2 at time t and the light emitted by the light generator 2 are indicated by solid lines. The light beam generator 2 and the light beam emitted by the light beam generator 2 at time t + 1 are indicated by dotted lines. The light generator 2 and the light emitted by the light generator 2 at time t + 2 are indicated by a one-dot chain line.

  The light generator 2 moves in the direction of the arrow. The moving direction of the light generator 2 is not limited to the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5 (counterclockwise), and may be clockwise. For example, when a red pixel is presented at a position PR above or below the hole 51h of the top plate 51, the light beam LR0 reflected by the light controller 7 passes through the position PR at a predetermined time t. A red ray LR0 is emitted in the direction. Further, the red light beam LR1 is emitted in a predetermined direction at time t + 1 so that the light beam LR1 reflected by the light beam controller 7 passes through the position PR. Further, a red light beam LR2 is emitted in a predetermined direction at time t + 2 so that the light beam LR2 reflected by the light beam controller 7 passes through the position PR.

  Thereby, a red pixel serving as a point light source is presented at the intersection of the red light beams LR0, LR1, and LR2. In this case, a red pixel is visible at the position PR when the eye of the observer 10 is at the position IR0, at the position IR1, and at the position IR2.

  Similarly, when a green pixel is presented at a position PG above or below the hole 51h of the top 51, the light beam LG0 reflected by the light beam controller 7 passes through the position PG at time t. A green light beam LG0 is emitted in a predetermined direction. Further, the green light beam LG1 is emitted in a predetermined direction at time t + 1 so that the light beam LG1 reflected by the light beam controller 7 passes through the position PG. Further, a green light beam LG2 is emitted in a predetermined direction at time t + 2 so that the light beam LG2 reflected by the light beam controller 7 passes through the position PG.

  Thereby, a green pixel serving as a point light source is presented at the intersection of the green light beams LG0, LG1, and LG2. In this case, a green pixel can be seen at the position PG when the eye of the observer 10 is at the position IG0, at the position IG1, and at the position IG2.

  In this way, the light beam generator 2 emits light beams of a color to be presented in a direction passing through each position of the stereoscopic image 300 from different positions in time division.

  The light beam group emitted from the rotating light beam generator 2 is controlled at every small angular interval, so that the light point cloud in which the light beam intersects the space above and below the hole 51h of the top plate 51 is sufficient. Closely filled. Accordingly, even if the upper and lower portions of the hole 51h of the top plate 51 are observed from any direction on the circumference, appropriate light rays that pass through the positions PR and PG are incident on the eyes, and the human eyes Recognize that there is a point light source there. Since the person recognizes the illumination light reflected or diffused on the surface of the real object as an object, the surface of the object can be regarded as a set of point light sources. That is, the three-dimensional image 300 can be presented by appropriately reproducing the colors of certain positions PR and PG that are desired to be the surface of the object by the light beams emitted from the rotating light beam generator 2.

  In this way, the stereoscopic image 300 can be presented in the space above and below the hole 51 h of the top plate 51. In this case, the observer 10 can visually recognize the same stereoscopic image 300 from different directions at different positions in the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method for presenting the stereoscopic image 300. As shown in FIG. 6, the light emitted from the light generator 2 is reflected by the light reflection layer 71 of the light controller 7 and diffused in the vertical direction by the light transmission diffusion layer 72 at the diffusion angle α. Thereby, the observer 10 can see the same color light beam emitted from the light beam generator 2 at different positions in the vertical direction within the range of the diffusion angle α.

  For example, even when the observer 10 moves the line of sight from the reference position E to the upper position E ′, the same portion of the stereoscopic image 300 can be viewed. In this case, the position of the stereoscopic image 300 visually recognized by the observer 10 is moved according to the position of the eyes of the observer 10 in the vertical direction. Thus, since the light emitted from the light generator 2 is diffused in the vertical direction by the light transmission diffusion layer 72, the stereoscopic image 300 can be observed even when the observer 10 moves the line of sight up and down.

  The color of each light beam of the light beam emitted from the light beam generator 2 is calculated by the control device 3 for each rotational position of the light beam generator 2 and each light beam scanning position based on the solid shape data stored in the storage device 4. Is done. Here, the rotation position of the light beam generator 2 refers to the rotation angle of the light beam generator 2 from the reference radial direction centered on the central axis Z.

  Specifically, the control device 3 obtains an intersection between a surface of a three-dimensional solid shape defined in advance as solid shape data and each light ray, and calculates an appropriate color to be given to the light ray. The control device 3 determines the rotation position of the light beam generator 2 based on the output signal of the rotation amount measuring device 65, and determines the light beam based on the color of each light beam calculated for each rotation position and each light beam scanning position. The generator 2 is controlled. Thereby, the light beams having the respective colors calculated from the light generator 2 are emitted so that the stereoscopic image 300 is presented above and below the hole 51 h of the top plate 51. Accordingly, it is possible to present a color stereoscopic image 300 with small flicker and high time resolution.

  In this case, the control device 3 calculates the color of each light beam to be emitted from the light generator 2 based on the three-dimensional shape data as color data in advance for each rotation position and each light scanning position, and calculates the calculated color data. It may be stored in the storage device 4. Then, when presenting the stereoscopic image 300, the color data may be read from the storage device 4 in synchronization with the output signal of the rotation amount measuring device 65, and the light generator 2 may be controlled based on the read color data. Alternatively, the control device 3 uses the color of each light beam to be emitted from the light beam generator 2 as color data based on the solid shape data in synchronization with the output signal of the rotation amount measuring device 65 during the rotation of the light beam generator 2. The light generator 2 may be controlled based on the calculated color data.

  As described above, according to the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment, the directional display of the stereoscopic image 300 is possible.

(4) Area in which a stereoscopic image is displayed When a plurality of observers 10 are seated around the table 5 in FIGS. 1 and 2, the eyes of the plurality of observers 10 are substantially constant from the central axis Z. It can be considered that it is at a position (reference position) at a substantially constant height. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an annular region where the eyes of a plurality of observers 10 are located is set as an annular viewing zone 500.

  7 to 9 are plan views for explaining the arrangement and angle of view of the light generator 2 and the relationship between the region where the stereoscopic image 300 is presented. The angle of view of the light generator 2 is the angle of view of the light emission range from the light emission port P. In the following description, the angle of view of the light generator 2 in the horizontal plane is simply defined as the angle of view. Abbreviated as horn. In addition, a light beam emitted from the light beam outlet P in a direction that bisects the angle of view of the light beam generator 2 is referred to as a central light beam. In the present embodiment, the light generator 2 is arranged so that the central light beam LC passes through the central axis Z.

  A region within the light beam controller 7 that can be observed from the annular viewing zone 500 is referred to as a first region (presentation region) R1. The first region R1 is determined by the shape and size of the light beam controller 7 and the annular viewing zone 500. On the other hand, the region filled with the light beams reflected at a plurality of positions of the light beam controller 7 by rotating the light beam generator 2 is referred to as a second region (intersection region) R2. The second region R2 is determined by the position of the light generator 2 and the angle of view of the light generator 2. The stereoscopic image 300 can be presented in the overlapping region between the first region R1 and the second region R2.

  7-9, 1st area | region R1 is shown with a dashed-dotted line. The first region R1 has a circular shape with a radius r1 concentric with the light controller 7. The light generator 2 is arranged so that the light exit P is located on the circumference of the radius r2 concentric with the light controller 7.

  In the example of FIGS. 7A and 7B, the light generator 2 is arranged so that the radius r2 is smaller than the radius r1. As shown in FIG. 7A, a light beam is emitted from the light generator 2 at a predetermined angle of view. In FIG. 7A, the two outermost light beams directly emitted from the light generator 2 are indicated by thin lines, and the light rays reflected by the light controller 7 are indicated by thick lines. The same applies to FIG. 8A and FIG. 9A. Hereinafter, the outermost two rays among the rays emitted from the light generator 2 are referred to as outermost rays. A group of rays can be formed in the region between the two outermost rays.

  In this state, the light generator 2 is rotated as shown in FIG. In FIG. 7B, the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 is shown in a time division manner every 1/32 rotation, and the light beam generator 2 is not shown. The same applies to FIG. 8B and FIG. 9B. In this case, a circular region having the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 as a tangent line is the second region R2. That is, a light beam group can be formed inside the second region R2 by the rotation of the light beam generator 2.

  In FIG. 7B, the second region R2 is indicated by a hatching pattern. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, when the radius r2 is smaller than the radius r1, the second region R2 is smaller than the first region R1. In this case, the stereoscopic image 300 can be presented in a part of the first region R1.

  In the example of FIGS. 8A and 8B, the light generator 2 is arranged so that the radius r2 is larger than the radius r1. As shown in FIG. 8A, a light beam is emitted from the light beam generator 2 at a predetermined angle of view. The field angle of the light generator 2 in FIG. 8A is equal to the field angle of the light generator 2 in FIG. In this state, the light generator 2 is rotated as shown in FIG. In this case, a circular region having the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 as a tangent line is the second region R2.

  In FIG. 8B, the second region R2 is indicated by a hatching pattern. As shown in FIGS. 7B and 8B, the second region R2 can be increased by increasing the radius r2.

  In the example of FIGS. 9A and 9B, the light beam generator 2 is arranged so that the radius r2 is larger than the radius r1. As shown in FIG. 9A, a light beam is emitted from the light beam generator 2 at a predetermined angle of view. The radius r2 in FIG. 9A is equal to the radius r2 in FIG. 8A, and the field angle of the light generator 2 in FIG. 9A is larger than the field angle of the light generator 2 in FIG. . In this state, as shown in FIG. 9B, the light generator 2 is rotated. In this case, a circular region having the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 as a tangent line is the second region R2.

  In FIG. 9B, the second region R2 is indicated by a hatching pattern. As shown in FIGS. 8B and 9B, the second region R2 is increased by increasing the angle of view of the light generator 2. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, when the radius r2 is larger than the radius r1 and the angle of view of the light generator 2 is relatively large, the second region R2 is changed to the first region. It can be larger than R1. In this case, the three-dimensional image 300 can be presented by the single light generator 2 over the entire first region R1.

  As a result, when the light generator 2 having a larger angle of view is used and the distance from the central axis Z to the light exit P of the light generator 2 is increased, the stereoscopic image 300 is presented in a larger area. Is possible. Specifically, the angle of view of the light generator 2 passes through the light exit port P and passes through the light exit port P and the first tangent line that touches one point on the outer periphery of the first region R1. The angle is greater than or equal to the angle formed by the second tangent line that touches another point on the outer periphery. In this case, the intersecting region of the light beam group can be set to the first region R1 or more. Thereby, the three-dimensional image 300 can be presented over the entire first region R1.

(5) Binocular Parallax Generation Principle Here, the binocular parallax generation principle in the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view for explaining the principle of generation of binocular parallax in the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment. FIG. 10 shows a light generator 2 corresponding to the light generator 2 at four different time points. The light generators 2 at the four time points are called light generators 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, respectively.

  In FIG. 10, light rays directly emitted from the light generators 2 a to 2 d are indicated by thin lines, and light rays reflected by the light controller 7 are indicated by thick lines. Further, the light beams emitted by the light beam generator 2a and the light beam generator 2a are indicated by solid lines, and the light beams emitted by the light beam generator 2b and the light beam generator 2b are indicated by dotted lines. The light beams emitted by the light beam generator 2c and the light beam generator 2c are indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the light beams emitted by the light beam generator 2d and the light beam generator 2d are indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  In FIG. 10, when the observer 10 sees a point P31 above or below the hole 51h of the top plate 51, the light beam La emitted from the light beam generator 2a is reflected by the light beam controller 7 to the right. It enters the eye 100R. At the same time, the light beam Lb emitted from the light beam generator 2b is reflected by the light beam controller 7 and enters the left eye 100L.

  When the observer 10 sees the point P32 above or below the hole 51h of the top plate 51, the light beam Lc emitted from the light generator 2c is reflected by the light controller 7 and the right eye 100R. Is incident on. At the same time, the light beam Ld emitted from the light beam generator 2d is reflected by the light beam controller 7 and enters the left eye 100L.

  Here, the color of the light beam La and the color of the light beam Ld are the same, the color of the light beam Lb is different from the color of the light beam La, and the color of the light beam Lc is different from the color of the light beam Ld. In this case, the color of the point P31 varies depending on the viewing direction. Further, the color of the point P32 also varies depending on the viewing direction.

  A point Pa of the stereoscopic image 300 is created by the light ray La, a point Pb of the stereoscopic image 300 is created by the light ray Lb, a point Pc of the stereoscopic image 300 is created by the light ray Lc, and a point Pd of the stereoscopic image 300 is created by the light ray Ld. It is done.

  In the example of FIG. 10, the point Pa and the point Pd of the stereoscopic image 300 are at the same position. That is, the points Pa and Pd of the stereoscopic image 300 are created at the intersections of the light beam La and the light beam Ld. Therefore, the points Pa and Pd can be regarded as virtual point light sources. In this case, the direction of viewing the points Pa and Pd with the right eye 100R is different from the direction of viewing the points Pa and Pd with the left eye 100L. That is, there is a convergence angle between the line-of-sight direction of the right eye 100R and the line-of-sight direction of the left eye 100L. Further, the positional relationship between the points Pa to Pd when the points P31 and P32 are viewed with the right eye 100R and the left eye 100L is different. That is, parallax occurs. Thereby, the stereoscopic view of the image formed by the light beam group becomes possible.

(6) Ray Group Correction Function Based on Viewpoint Tracking The control device 3 controls each light generator 2 on the assumption that the eyes of a plurality of observers 10 are in the annular viewing zone 500. Thereby, when the eyes of the plurality of observers 10 are in the annular viewing zone 500, the plurality of observers 10 can visually recognize the stereoscopic image 300 having the same shape at the same height.

  As described with reference to FIG. 6, the position of each pixel of the stereoscopic image 300 viewed by the observer 10 is moved according to the position of the eye of the observer 10 in the vertical direction. Therefore, when the eye of the observer 10 is at a position outside the annular viewing zone 500, the stereoscopic image 300 appears to be deformed.

  Therefore, in the stereoscopic display according to the present embodiment, a group of light beams applied to the light controller 7 from the light generator 2 based on the position of each observer's 10 eye detected by viewpoint tracking using the camera 8 is provided. It is corrected.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining correction of a light beam group when the eye of the observer 10 is at a position outside the annular viewing zone 500.

  In FIG. 11, the annular viewing zone 500 is located at a distance d <b> 1 in the horizontal direction from the central axis Z and at a height H <b> 1 from the top plate 51 of the table 5. Here, a method of presenting one pixel PIX of the stereoscopic image 300 at the standard position PS above or below the hole 51h of the top plate 51 will be described.

  When the eye of the observer 10 is at the position I1 on the annular viewing zone 500, the light beam L31 having the color of the pixel PIX of the stereoscopic image 300 is emitted from the light generator 2 to the position P1 of the light controller 7. . The light beam L31 irradiated to the position P1 is reflected by the light beam controller 7 and diffused in the vertical direction, and the diffused one light beam passes through the standard position PS and the eye of the observer 10 at the position I1. Is incident on. Thereby, the observer 10 who has eyes at the position I1 can visually recognize the pixel PIX at the standard position PS.

  When the eye of the observer 10 is at a position I2 having a height H2 above the annular viewing zone 500, a light beam L32 having the color of the pixel PIX of the stereoscopic image 300 is transmitted from the light generator 2 to the light controller 7. The position P2 is irradiated. The light beam L32 irradiated to the position P2 is reflected by the light beam controller 7 and diffused in the vertical direction, and the diffused one light beam passes through the standard position PS and is in the eye of the observer 10 at the position I2. Is incident on. Thereby, the observer 10 who has eyes at the position I2 can visually recognize the pixel PIX at the standard position PS.

  When the eye of the observer 10 is at the same height as the annular viewing zone 500 and at a position I3 at a distance d2 from the central axis Z in the horizontal direction, a light beam L33 having the color of the pixel PIX of the stereoscopic image 300 is generated as a light generator. 2 to the position P3 of the light beam controller 7. The light beam L33 applied to the position P3 is reflected by the light controller 7 and diffused in the vertical direction, and one diffused light beam passes through the standard position PS, and the eye of the observer 10 at the position I3. Is incident on. Thereby, the observer 10 who has eyes at the position I3 can visually recognize the pixel PIX at the standard position PS.

  Specifically, the control device 3 calculates the coordinates of the position of the eye of the observer 10 based on the image data given from the camera 8. When the position of the eye of the observer 10 is on the annular viewing zone 500, the control device 3 sets the pixel PIX at a position P1 where a straight line passing through the eye position and the standard position PS intersects the light ray controller 7. The light generator 2 is controlled so as to be irradiated with the light beam L31 having the following colors.

  When the eye of the observer 10 is out of the annular viewing zone 500, the control device 3 causes the pixel PIX at a position where a straight line passing through the eye position and the standard position PS intersects the light controller 7. The light generator 2 is controlled so that a light beam having the following color is irradiated.

  In this way, the control device 3 corrects the direction of the light beam for presenting the pixel PIX at the standard position PS according to the position of the eye of the observer 10. In other words, the control device 3 causes each light beam of the light beam emitted from the light generator 2 so that a light beam having the color of the pixel PIX is incident on the eye of the observer 10 according to the position of the eye of the observer 10. Correct the color. As a result, the observer 10 can visually recognize the stereoscopic image 300 having the same shape regardless of the position of the eyes.

  When the eyes of the observer 10 are on a straight line passing through the annular viewing area 500 and the standard position PS, even if the eyes of the observer 10 are at a position I4 outside the annular viewing area 500, Similarly to the case where the eye of the observer 10 is on the annular viewing zone 500, the light beam L31 having the color of the pixel PIX of the stereoscopic image 300 is emitted from the light generator 2 to the position P1 of the light controller 7. Thereby, the observer 10 can visually recognize the pixel PIX at the standard position PS.

  In this manner, the stereoscopic image 300 is presented without being deformed regardless of the position of the eyes of the observer 10 by correcting the light ray group emitted from the light generator 2 according to the position of the eyes of the observer 10. .

  In the present embodiment, the coordinates of the eye position of the observer 10 are calculated based on the image data given from the camera 8, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an object detection mechanism such as a radar or a sonar may be provided in the stereoscopic display, and the coordinates of the eye position of the observer 10 may be calculated based on data provided from the object detection mechanism.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of cameras 8 are provided corresponding to a plurality of observers 10, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this. One or a plurality of cameras 8 may be provided so as not to correspond to one or a plurality of observers 10. For example, one camera 8 may be provided so as to image the face of one or more observers 10.

(7) Effect In the present embodiment, since the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71 of the light controller 7 are stacked on each other, light is transmitted between the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71. There is no route. Therefore, in the calculation of the light group to be emitted by the light generator 2, the positional relationship between the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71 can be excluded from the variation parameter. Thereby, the calculation process of the light ray group is simplified. Further, it is not necessary to adjust the positional relationship between the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71.

  Further, since it is not necessary to rotate the light beam controller 7 around the central axis Z, it is not necessary to perform inertia control due to the rotation of the light beam controller 7. Thereby, inertia control of a three-dimensional display becomes easy. As a result, an accurate stereoscopic image 300 can be easily displayed.

[2] Second Embodiment (1) Arrangement of Light Generators A difference between the three-dimensional display according to the second embodiment and the three-dimensional display according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the light beam generators 2 in the second embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, two light generators 2 are arranged. The two light generators 2 are called light generators 2A and 2B, respectively. In the present embodiment, the light generators 2A and 2B are arranged so as to be plane-symmetric with respect to a vertical plane including the central axis Z. The light generators 2 </ b> A and 2 </ b> B are arranged so that the light exit P is located on the circumference of the radius r <b> 2 concentric with the light controller 7. In this example, the radius r2 is equal to the radius r1 of the first region R1. The light generators 2A and 2B are arranged so that the central light beams LCa and LCb intersect at a position deviating from the central axis Z.

  FIG. 13 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement and angle of view of one light generator 2A in the second embodiment and the relationship between the region where the stereoscopic image 300 is presented. A light beam is emitted from the light beam generator 2A at a predetermined angle of view. In FIGS. 13A and 13B, one outermost ray directly emitted from the light generator 2A is indicated by a solid line, and the other outermost ray is indicated by a dotted line. Further, the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 is indicated by a thick line. In FIG. 13B, the other outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 and the light generator 2A are not shown.

  In this example, as shown in FIG. 13A, one outermost light beam faces the tangential direction of the first region R1, and the other outermost light beam faces the center of the light controller 7. In this state, as shown in FIG. 13B, the light generator 2A is rotated. FIG. 13B shows the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 in a time-sharing manner every 1/32 rotation. In this case, a circular region having the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 as a tangent line is the second region R2a by the light beam generator 2A.

  In FIG. 13B, the second region R2a is indicated by a hatching pattern. As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the second region R2a has the same size as the first region R1. Here, the group of light beams emitted from the one light generator 2A to the light reflection layer 71 is a region on the opposite side of the normal N at the reflection point of the outermost light beam from the central axis Z (FIG. 13 ( Reflected only in the area (a) indicated by the hatching pattern. In this case, the stereoscopic image 300 is presented in one half region of the first region R1 partitioned by the normal N. Therefore, the observer 10 can observe the stereoscopic image 300 presented in one half region of the first region R1 at each position of the annular viewing zone 500.

  FIG. 14 is a plan view for explaining the arrangement and angle of view of the other light generator 2B and the relationship between the region where the stereoscopic image 300 is presented in the second embodiment. A light beam is emitted from the light beam generator 2B at a predetermined angle of view. The angle of view of the light generator 2B is equal to the angle of view of the light generator 2A. In FIGS. 14A and 14B, one outermost ray directly emitted from the light generator 2B is indicated by a solid line, and the other outermost ray is indicated by a dotted line. Further, the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 is indicated by a thick line. In FIG. 14B, the other outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 and the light beam generator 2B are not shown.

  In this example, as shown in FIG. 14A, one outermost light beam is directed in the tangential direction of the first region R1, and the other outermost light beam is directed toward the center of the light controller 7. In this state, the light generator 2B is rotated as shown in FIG. FIG. 14B shows the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 in a time-sharing manner every 1/32 rotation. In this case, a circular region having the outermost light beam reflected by the light beam controller 7 as a tangent line is the second region R2b by the light beam generator 2B.

  In FIG. 14B, the second region R2b is indicated by a hatching pattern. As shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the second region R2b has the same size as the first region R1. Here, the light ray group emitted from the other light generator 2B to the light reflection layer 71 is a region on the opposite side of the normal N at the reflection point of the outermost light ray farthest from the central axis Z (FIG. 14 ( Reflected only in the area (a) indicated by the hatching pattern. In this case, the stereoscopic image 300 is presented in the other half region on the other side of the first region R1 partitioned by the normal N. Therefore, the observer 10 can observe the stereoscopic image 300 presented in the other half region of the first region R1 at each position of the annular viewing zone 500.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, two light generators 2A and 2B are arranged as one set. By arranging one light generator 2A, the three-dimensional image 300 is presented in one half region of the first region R1. Further, the other light generator 2B is arranged symmetrically with the light generator 2A, so that the stereoscopic image 300 is presented in the other half region of the first region R1. Thereby, the three-dimensional image 300 can be presented over the entire first region R1.

  Specifically, the angle of view of the light generator 2A passes through the light exit port P of the light generator 2A and tangent to one point on the outer periphery of the first region R1 and the light exit port P of the light generator 2A. In addition, the angle is greater than the angle formed by the straight line intersecting the central axis Z. In addition, the angle of view of the light generator 2B passes through the light exit port P of the light generator 2B and passes through the light exit port P of the light generator 2B and a tangent line that touches another point on the outer periphery of the first region R1. The angle is greater than the angle formed by the straight line intersecting the central axis Z. In this case, each of the second regions R2a and R2b can be equal to or greater than the first region R1. Thereby, the three-dimensional image 300 can be presented over the entire first region R1.

(2) Effect In the present embodiment, a part of the stereoscopic image 300 is formed by reflecting and diffusing the light ray group emitted from the light ray generator 2 </ b> A by the light ray controller 7. Further, the light beam emitted from the light generator 2B is reflected and diffused by the light controller 7 to form another part of the stereoscopic image 300. Part of the formed stereoscopic image 300 and another part are overlaid. According to this configuration, a larger stereoscopic image 300 can be presented even when the angle of view of the light generators 2A and 2B is small and the radius r2 is small.

  Here, as in the first embodiment, the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71 of the light controller 7 are stacked on each other, and therefore, between the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71. There is no light path. Therefore, in the calculation of the light group to be emitted by the light generator 2, the positional relationship between the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71 can be excluded from the variation parameter. Thereby, the calculation process of the light ray group is simplified. Further, it is not necessary to adjust the positional relationship between the light transmission diffusion layer 72 and the light reflection layer 71.

  Further, since it is not necessary to rotate the light beam controller 7 around the central axis Z, it is not necessary to perform inertia control due to the rotation of the light beam controller 7. Thereby, inertia control of a three-dimensional display becomes easy. As a result, an accurate stereoscopic image 300 can be easily displayed.

[3] Other Embodiments (1) In the first and second embodiments, the light generator 2 is arranged on the side opposite to the reflection position of the light controller 7 with respect to the central axis Z. Not. The light generator 2 may be disposed on the same side as the reflection position of the light controller 7 with respect to the central axis Z.

  (2) In the first and second embodiments, the light beam controller 7 has a cylindrical shape, but is not limited thereto. The light beam controller 7 may have a conical shape. In this case, the light beam controller 7 can emit a light beam group in a higher space.

  (3) In the first embodiment, one light generator 2 is provided in the stereoscopic display, but the present invention is not limited to this. A plurality of light generators 2 may be provided on the stereoscopic display. As a result, even when the rotational speed of the light generator 2 is relatively low, it is possible to present the stereoscopic image 300 with a small flicker (light emission point flicker) and a high time resolution.

  In this case, the plurality of light generators 2 may be arranged at equiangular intervals on the circumference around the central axis Z on the turntable 63 or may not be arranged at equiangular intervals. Here, when the plurality of light generators 2 are arranged at equiangular intervals, the rotation of the turntable 63 can be further stabilized. Moreover, the control of the plurality of light generators 2 can be facilitated.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotation speed of the turntable 63 is preferably 30 rotations or more per second when the number of the light generators 2 is one. The rotation speed of the turntable 63 is preferably 15 rotations or more per second when the number of light generators 2 is two, and is 10 per second when the number of light generators 2 is three. It is preferable that the rotation is greater than or equal to rotation.

  The rotation speed of the turntable 63 is preferably 7.5 rotations or more per second when the number of the light generators 2 is 4, and 1 second when the number of the light generators 2 is 6. It is preferable that the number of rotations is 5 or more. That is, when the number of light generators 2 is n (n is a natural number), the rotation speed of the turntable 63 is preferably 30 / n rotations or more per second.

  In the case where a plurality of light generators 2 are provided on the stereoscopic display, the plurality of light generators 2 do not have to be arranged rotationally symmetrically, and the center of the light beam in the horizontal direction is the center of the light controller 7. It does not have to be provided to pass through. For example, the light generator 2 may be arranged so that at least a part of the emitted light group passes through the center of the light controller 7. In these cases, the resolution and brightness of the stereoscopic image 300 presented by the stereoscopic display can be increased.

  Two or more light generators 2 that emit light in different directions may be disposed at the same position on the turntable 63. In this case, the angle of view of the light generator 2 can be substantially increased. Here, the configuration in which the two light generators 2 that emit light beams in different directions at the same position on the turntable 63 are arranged at the same position on the turntable 63 in the second embodiment. This is equivalent to a configuration in which the light generators 2A and 2B are arranged.

  Similarly, in the second embodiment, a set of light generators 2A and 2B is provided in the stereoscopic display, but the present invention is not limited to this. A plurality of sets of light generators 2A and 2B may be provided on the stereoscopic display. Three or more light generators 2 may be provided as one set, or the number of light generators 2 may be different for each set. In the second embodiment, the rotational speed of the turntable 63 is preferably 30 / m rotations per second or more when m pairs of light generators 2A and 2B (m is a natural number) are provided. .

  (4) In the first embodiment, a light beam is directly emitted from the light beam generator 2 to the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light beam controller 7. However, the present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 15 is a plan view showing the arrangement of light beam generators according to another embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15, a mirror 73 may be disposed between the light exit P of the light controller 7 and the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light controller 7. In this case, the light beam emitted from the light beam controller 7 is reflected by the mirror 73, and the reflected light beam is guided to the light transmission diffusion layer 72.

  This configuration is equivalent to a configuration in which a virtual light generator 2 indicated by a dotted line is arranged so as to be plane-symmetric with the light generator 2 with respect to the reflection surface of the mirror 73. According to this configuration, the virtual radius r2 can be easily made larger than the radius r1. Therefore, even when the light generator 2 having a relatively small angle of view is used, the second region R2 can be made equal to or greater than the first region R1.

  Similarly, in the second embodiment, light rays are directly emitted from the light generators 2A and 2B to the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light controller 7, but the present invention is not limited to this. Light rays may be directly emitted from the light generators 2A and 2B to the light transmission diffusion layer 72 of the light controller 7 via a mirror.

  In the first and second embodiments, two or more mirrors 73 may be arranged on the optical path. In this case, the optical path of the light beam can be made longer. Therefore, a large stereoscopic image 300 can be presented using the scanning projectors 2, 2 </ b> A, 2 </ b> B having a smaller angle of view. In addition, since the scanning range of the light beam can be further reduced, it is possible to easily control the light beam generators 2, 2A, 2B. Furthermore, the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of the light generators 2, 2A, 2B can be increased.

  (5) In the second embodiment, the light generators 2A and 2B are arranged so as to be plane-symmetric with respect to the vertical plane including the central axis Z. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The light generators 2A and 2B may be arranged with a vertical plane including the central axis Z interposed therebetween.

  (6) In the second embodiment, the light generators 2A and 2B are arranged so that the light exit P is located on the outer periphery of the first region R1, but the present invention is not limited to this. The light beam generators 2A and 2B may be arranged so that the light beam emission port P is located outward from the first region R1. In this case, the second regions R2a and R2b can be enlarged. Therefore, the stereoscopic image 300 can be presented on the entire first region R1 using the light generators 2A and 2B having a smaller angle of view.

  On the other hand, the light generators 2A and 2B may be arranged such that the light exit P is located inward of the first region R1. In this case, the stereoscopic image 300 can be presented in a part of the first region R1.

[4] Correspondence relationship between each constituent element of claim and each part of the embodiment Hereinafter, an example of correspondence between each constituent element of the claim and each part of the embodiment will be described. It is not limited.

  In the above embodiment, the stereoscopic image 300 is an example of a stereoscopic image, the light exit P is an example of a light exit, the light generator 2 is an example of a light generator, and the light generators 2A and 2B are It is an example of the 1st and 2nd light generator, respectively. The light transmission diffusion layer 72 is an example of a light transmission diffusion layer, the light reflection layer 71 is an example of a light reflection layer, the central axis Z is an example of a rotation center axis, and the light controller 7 is an example of a light controller. The rotation module 6 is an example of a rotation mechanism, and the control device 3 is an example of a control unit. The annular viewing zone 500 is an example of a viewing zone, the first region R1 is an example of a presentation region, the second region R2 is an example of a circular region, and the second regions R2a and R2b are respectively It is an example of the 1st and 2nd circular area.

  As each constituent element in the claims, various other elements having configurations or functions described in the claims can be used.

  The present invention can be effectively used for various 3D displays for displaying 3D images.

2, 2A, 2B, 2a to 2d Beam generator 3 Controller 4 Storage device 5 Table 6 Rotating module 7 Beam controller 8 Camera 10 Observer 51 Top plate 51h Hole 52 Leg 61 Motor 62 Rotating shaft 63 Rotating table 64 Signal Transmission device 65 Rotation amount measuring device 71 Light reflection layer 72 Light transmission diffusion layer 73 Mirror 100L Left eye 100R Right eye 300 Stereo image 500 Annular viewing zone d1, d2 Distance E, E ', I1-I4, IG0-IG2, IR0 ˜IR2, P1 to P5, PG, PR, PS Position H1, H2 Height L1 to L5, L31 to L33, La to Ld, LG0 to LG2, LR0 to LR2 Ray LC, LCa, LCb Central ray N Normal P ray Outlet P31, P32, Pa to Pd Points PIX Pixel R1 First region R2, R2a, R2b Second region r1, r2 Radius X First direction Y Second direction Z Center axis

Claims (11)

A stereoscopic display for presenting a stereoscopic image based on stereoscopic shape data,
A light generator having a light emitting part for emitting a group of light rays composed of a plurality of light rays;
A light control element that includes a light transmission diffusion layer and a light reflection layer stacked on each other, and is formed so as to surround the periphery of the rotation center axis;
A rotation mechanism for rotating the light generator around the rotation center axis;
A controller for controlling the light generator,
The light transmission diffusion layer of the light control element is located between the rotation center axis and the light reflection layer,
The inner peripheral surface of the light transmission diffusion layer of the light beam controller has a circular horizontal cross section centered on the rotation center axis,
The light generator is provided to emit a light beam toward the light transmission diffusion layer of the light controller,
The light transmission diffusion layer is formed so as to diffuse and transmit an incident light group in the vertical direction,
The light reflecting layer is formed to reflect a group of light rays that have passed through the light transmitting and diffusing layer.
The control unit controls the light generator based on the three-dimensional shape data so that a three-dimensional image is presented by a group of light beams reflected by the light reflection layer and transmitted through the light transmission diffusion layer. . The three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the light generator is arranged so that at least a part of the emitted light group passes through the rotation center axis. A viewing area is defined in advance so as to surround the rotation axis outside the light beam controller, and a presentation area in which a stereoscopic image is to be presented in order to observe a stereoscopic image from the viewing area is provided. Predefined,
The presentation area is a circular area around the rotation center axis,
The three-dimensional display according to claim 2, wherein the light generator is arranged such that the light emitting unit is located outside the presentation area. The outermost two light beams emitted from the light beam generator are reflected by the light reflection layer of the light beam controller, and the light beam generator is rotated by the rotation mechanism so that the most reflected light beam is reflected. A circular region with the two outer rays tangent to it is formed,
The stereoscopic display according to claim 3, wherein a stereoscopic image is presented in an overlapping area between the circular area and the presentation area. The stereoscopic display according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the light generator has a field angle capable of presenting a stereoscopic image over the entire presentation area. The angle of view of the light generator is a second tangent that passes through the light emitting part and touches one point on the outer periphery of the presentation area and a second tangent that passes through the light emitting part and touches another point on the outer periphery of the presentation area. The three-dimensional display as described in any one of Claims 3-5 which is more than the angle which tangent forms. The light generator includes first and second light generators arranged with a vertical plane including the rotation center axis interposed therebetween,
The first light generator emits a first central light beam in a direction that bisects the angle of view;
The second light generator emits a second central light beam in a direction that bisects the angle of view;
The three-dimensional display according to claim 1, wherein the first and second light generators are arranged so that the first and second central light beams intersect at a position deviating from the rotation center axis. A viewing area is defined in advance so as to surround the rotation axis outside the light beam controller, and a presentation area in which a stereoscopic image is to be presented in order to observe a stereoscopic image from the viewing area is provided. Predefined,
The presentation area is a circular area around the rotation center axis,
The three-dimensional display according to claim 7, wherein the first and second light generators are arranged such that the light emitting part is located on an outer periphery or an outer side of the presentation area. Of the light beams emitted from the first light beam generator, the first light beam farthest from the rotation center axis is reflected by the light reflecting layer of the light beam controller, and the first light beam generator is generated by the rotation mechanism. , A first circular region having the reflected first light ray as a tangent line is formed,
Of the light beams emitted from the second light beam generator, the second light beam farthest from the rotation center axis is reflected by the light reflecting layer of the light beam controller, and the second light beam generator is generated by the rotation mechanism. Rotates to form a second circular region tangent to the reflected second light ray,
The stereoscopic display according to claim 8, wherein a stereoscopic image is presented in an overlapping area between the first circular area and the presentation area and an overlapping area between the second circular area and the presentation area. The first light generator has an angle of view capable of presenting a stereoscopic image in a part of the presentation area,
The stereoscopic display according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the second light generator has an angle of view capable of presenting a stereoscopic image in another part of the presentation area. The angle of view of the first light generator is such that a tangent line that passes through the light emitting part of the first light generator and touches one point on the outer periphery of the presentation area and the light emitting part of the first light generator. More than an angle formed by a straight line passing through and intersecting the rotation center axis,
The angle of view of the second light generator is such that the tangent passing through the light emitting part of the second light generator and touching another point on the outer periphery of the presentation region and the light of the second light generator. The three-dimensional display according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the three-dimensional display is equal to or greater than an angle formed by a straight line that passes through the emission part and intersects the rotation center axis.

Images