JP2016014411A - Sliding base isolation mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding base isolation mechanism which shows a superior constructability, profitability and maintainability and in which turning of a sliding element can be controlled.SOLUTION: A sliding base isolation mechanism 20 is provided which is constituted of an upper shoe 21 fixed to the bottom part of an upper structure, a lower shoe 22 fixed to the upper part of a lower structure, and a sliding element 23 provided between the upper shoe 21 and the lower shoe 22. Sliding surfaces 24, 25 abutted on each other of the sliding element 23 and the upper shoe 21 are formed as upwardly slant surfaces inclined in an inverse-V shape along one direction (X-X) and sliding surfaces 26, 27 abutted on each other of the sliding element 23 and the lower shoe 22 are formed as downwardly slant surfaces inclined in a V shape along the other direction (Y-Y). The sliding surface 25 at the upper side of the sliding element 23 and the sliding surface 24 of the upper shoe 21 are provided with upper engaging salient 30 and a guide groove 32 extending in one direction (X-X) and engaged with each other, and the sliding surface 27 at the lower side of the sliding element 23 and the sliding surface 26 of the lower shoe 22 are provided with lower engaging salient 31 and a guide groove 33 extending in the other direction (Y-Y) and engaged with each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding seismic isolation mechanism for slidably supporting a seismic isolation target such as a building or a precision instrument.

  Conventionally, laminated rubber and sliding bearings are frequently used as seismic isolation structures for preventing (suppressing) damage caused by seismic isolation objects such as buildings and precision equipment. However, while laminated rubber is excellent in seismic isolation performance, it may be difficult to apply in terms of cost, response to excessive deformation, and the like. In addition, the sliding bearing is low in cost and can sufficiently cope with excessive deformation, but has a disadvantage that residual displacement occurs after an earthquake. Furthermore, it has been studied and put into practical use that both can suppress the displacement of the base isolation layer and the residual displacement of the building, but in this case as well, there is a problem in that the difference between the creep and the amount of expansion and contraction of the two is handled. Is left.

  On the other hand, as a sliding bearing, for example, a sliding pendulum type seismic isolation mechanism (FPS: Friction Pendulum System) 1 shown in FIG. 7 has been proposed. The sliding pendulum type seismic isolation mechanism 1 has spherical surfaces for the sliding surfaces 6 and 7 of the upper rod 4 and the lower rod 5 fixed to the upper structure 2 and the lower structure 3 to be seismically isolated, respectively. A movable member sliding member 8 is interposed therebetween. As a result, the period in which the spherical radius of the sliding surfaces 6 and 7 is the pendulum length is independent of the axial force (supporting load) and becomes the natural period of the seismic isolation layer, and the sliding surfaces 6 and 7 are spherical. The function of restoring to the original position is provided.

  However, even in this sliding pendulum type seismic isolation mechanism, since the sliding surface is spherical, there is almost no gradient near the original position, so the restoring force in the vicinity of the original position is small and some residual displacement occurs. End up. For this reason, it can be applied to a small building with a relatively small axial force, but in this case as well, it is necessary to increase the curvature of the spherical surface as the sliding surface so that the spherical surface can be greatly curved in the vertical direction. The longer the natural period is, the larger the outer dimension, particularly the required dimension in the vertical direction.

  On the other hand, the applicant of the present application, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the upper rod 10 fixed to the bottom of the upper structure 1, the lower rod 11 fixed to the upper portion of the lower structure 2, A patent application has already been filed for the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 13 including the slider 12 interposed between the upper rod 10 and the lower rod 11 (see Patent Document 1).

  In this sliding seismic isolation mechanism 13, the slider 12 is held so as to be slidable only in one horizontal direction (XX) with respect to the upper rod 10, and in one direction (X−) with respect to the lower rod 11. X is held so as to be slidable only in another horizontal direction (YY) perpendicular to X). Also, the sliding surfaces 14 and 15 of the slider 12 and the upper collar 10 that are in contact with each other are formed as upper inclined surfaces that are inclined in an inverted V shape along one direction (XX). The sliding surfaces 16, 17 of the lower collar 11 that are in contact with each other are formed as lower inclined surfaces that are inclined in a V shape along the other direction (YY). The upper and lower sliding surfaces 14 and 16 of the slider 12 are formed by attaching a sliding material having a low friction coefficient so that the frictional resistance is reduced.

  Further, the applicant of the present application holds that the slider is slidable only in one horizontal direction relative to the upper collar and is slidable only in the other horizontal direction relative to the lower collar. The first upper inclined surface of the same area in which the sliding surfaces of the upper and lower abutments that are in contact with each other are inclined along the horizontal direction by the same angle in the opposite direction with respect to the horizontal plane and arranged in parallel in the other horizontal direction And the second upper inclined surface, and the sliding surfaces of the slider and the lower arm are both inclined along the other horizontal direction and at the same angle in the opposite direction with respect to the horizontal plane. A patent application has already been filed for a sliding seismic isolation mechanism comprising a first lower inclined surface and a second lower inclined surface of the same area arranged side by side (Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-274754).

  In these sliding seismic isolation mechanisms, the upper and lower sliding surfaces for sliding the slider in two horizontal directions with respect to the upper and lower collars are inclined surfaces that are inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. The restoring force can be naturally obtained and the residual displacement can be suppressed.

JP 2013-130216 A

  However, in the above-mentioned sliding seismic isolation mechanism, as shown in FIGS. 8, 9, and 10, the upper and lower cages 10 are arranged so that the slider 12 can move only in the tilt directions (XX, YY). , 11 are provided with movement restraining portions (guide portions) 18 on both sides. Further, the movement restraining portion 18 is provided over the entire length in the length direction of the upper and lower hooks 10 and 11 because it hits the main body of the slider 12 and the upper and lower hooks 10 and 11.

  And by comprising such a movement restraining part 18, material cost and a production effort will increase, and a sliding seismic isolation mechanism will become expensive. Moreover, since the movement restraint part 18 is provided over the full length on both sides, the sliding surfaces 15 and 17 cannot be seen from the outside. For this reason, there was a problem that it was not possible to check the state of wear or crushing of the most important sliding material, the presence or absence of damage, etc. at the time of inspection after an earthquake.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, a gap t1 is required between the slider 12 and the upper and lower flanges 10, 11 (between the slider 12 and the movement restraining portion 18), and sliding is performed by this gap t1. The child 12 rotates in the horizontal direction. Then, when the slider 12 is turned, the axial force from the upper structure 1 does not uniformly act on the sliding material, and stress concentration occurs on the edge portion of the sliding material, resulting in local collapse. There is a possibility that damage (symbol S in FIG. 10) may occur.

  Further, since the slider 12 rotates horizontally, the side surface of the slider 12 comes into contact with the movement restraining portion 18, and accordingly, the frictional force increases and the seismic isolation effect may be reduced. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, the actual performance of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism does not match the theoretical value (design) when the slider 12 rotates. Further, the response of the rotation angle of the slider 12 changes due to the earthquake motion, and this rotation cannot be controlled. For this reason, it is also difficult to evaluate and design the rotation.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a sliding seismic isolation mechanism that is excellent in workability, economical efficiency, and maintainability and that can control the rotation of a slider.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

  The sliding seismic isolation mechanism according to the present invention includes an upper rod fixed to the bottom of the upper structure, a lower rod fixed to the upper portion of the lower structure, and a slide interposed between the upper rod and the lower rod. In the sliding seismic isolation mechanism comprising a moving element, the sliding surface of the slider and the upper collar that are in contact with each other is formed as an upper inclined surface that is inclined in an inverted V shape along one horizontal direction, and the sliding A sliding surface of the child and the lower collar that are in contact with each other is formed as a lower inclined surface that is inclined in a V shape along the other horizontal direction orthogonal to the one direction, and the sliding surface on the upper side of the slider The sliding surface of the upper collar is provided with either one of an upper engaging convex portion and a guide groove extending in the one direction and engaging with each other, and a sliding surface on the lower side of the slider And a sliding surface of the lower collar is provided with either one of a lower engaging projection and a guide groove extending in the other direction and engaging with each other. It is characterized in that is.

  In the sliding seismic isolation mechanism of the present invention, the guide groove is formed in the upper collar and / or the lower collar, and the upper collar and / or the lower collar separates a plurality of divided flange pieces into a predetermined gap. It is desirable that the guide grooves are formed side by side, and the guide groove is formed by the gap.

  In the sliding seismic isolation mechanism of the present invention, the movement restraining portions are not provided on both sides of the upper and lower kites as in the conventional sliding seismic isolation mechanism, and the sliding surfaces of the upper and lower kites and the slider are engaged with each other. By providing the mating engaging projection and the guide groove, the slider can be held slidably in one direction and the other direction with respect to the upper and lower hooks. As a result, the configuration can be simplified, and it is possible to reduce costs such as production costs and material costs, and to reduce production labor. Moreover, by comprising in this way, a weight can also be reduced rather than before and an improvement in workability can also be aimed at.

  Furthermore, since the engaging convex portion and the guide groove are provided on the sliding surfaces of the upper and lower ridges and the slider instead of the side portions of the upper and lower ridges, the sliding surface of the slider and / or the upper and lower ridges are provided. The state of the sliding material disposed by being attached to the sliding surface can be easily seen from the side of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism, and inspection and the like can be easily and reliably performed. In other words, the performance of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism can be easily and reliably maintained in a suitable state.

  Also, the amount of rotation (rotation angle) of the slider can be determined by the combination of the height of the engaging projection and the gap between the engaging projection and the guide groove, and the rotation angle can be easily controlled to be constant. Can do. That is, the smaller the ratio of the height of the engaging protrusion to the gap (gap / height), the smaller the rotation angle of the slider. And since rotation becomes small, it can suppress that stress concentrates on the edge part etc. of a sliding material, and a wear and a crush generate | occur | produce, and it becomes possible to improve the durability of a sliding material (sliding surface). .

  Furthermore, the side frictional force due to the rotation of the slider can be kept small. Thereby, the desired performance of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism can be suitably exhibited, and the acceleration generated in the upper structure can be reliably suppressed.

  Further, since the rotation angle of the slider can be controlled, it is possible to perform an evaluation in consideration of the rotation of the slider. Furthermore, since the rotation angle of the slider can be reduced, the actual performance of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism can be brought close to the theoretical value, and the desired performance can be reliably exhibited.

It is (a) top view, (b) side sectional view, and (c) side sectional view showing a slip isolation system concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the sliding seismic isolation mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the engagement convex part and guide groove of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism which concern on one Embodiment of this invention. It is (a) top view, (b) side sectional view, and (c) side sectional view which show the example of change of the slide seismic isolation mechanism concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a change of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the engagement convex part and guide groove of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism of FIG. It is a sectional side view showing a sliding pendulum type seismic isolation mechanism. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional sliding seismic isolation mechanism. It is (a) top view, (b) side sectional view, and (c) side sectional view showing a conventional sliding seismic isolation mechanism. It is a top view which shows an example of the damage condition of the sliding material (sliding surface) of the conventional sliding seismic isolation mechanism. It is the figure which compared the experimental value and analysis value of horizontal load / vertical load and horizontal displacement with respect to the conventional slip isolation system.

  Hereinafter, a sliding seismic isolation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, the present embodiment is a seismic isolation system that slidably supports an upper structure as a seismic isolation object in a horizontal direction (XX, YY) with respect to a lower structure as a support structure. It relates to the mechanism.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 of the present embodiment includes an upper rod 21 fixed to the bottom of the upper structure and a lower rod 22 fixed to the upper portion of the lower structure. The slider 23 is interposed between the upper rod 21 and the lower rod 22.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, the upper collar 21 and the lower collar 22 are, for example, members having substantially the same shape and the same dimensions of a horizontally long block shape having a rectangular cross section, and the length directions are arranged in directions orthogonal to each other. In other words, the upper collar 21 has its length direction oriented in one horizontal direction (XX), and the lower collar 22 has its longitudinal direction orthogonal to one direction (XX) in the other horizontal direction (Y -Y) facing each other with an interval in the vertical direction. In addition, the upper rod 21 and the lower rod 22 are fixed to the bottom of the upper structure and the upper portion of the lower structure, respectively, in this state and with the slider 23 interposed at the crossing portion.

  Further, the upper collar 21 and the slider 23 are in contact with the sliding surfaces 24 and 25 that are in contact with each other, that is, the lower surface of the upper collar 21 that is in contact with and engaged with the upper surface and the upper surface of the slider 23 (upper sliding surface). Are formed as upper inclined surfaces that incline in an inverted V shape along one direction (XX).

  The lower rod 22 and the slider 23 are in contact with the sliding surfaces 26 and 27 that are in contact with each other, that is, the upper surface of the lower rod 22 that is in contact with and engaged with the lower surface of the slider 23 (lower sliding surface). Are formed as lower inclined surfaces that are inclined in a V shape along the other direction (Y-Y).

Here, in the present embodiment, a sliding material 28 such as Teflon (registered trademark) is integrally attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the slider 23, respectively. Reduced (low friction coefficient) upper and lower sliding surfaces 25 and 27 are formed.
Needless to say, the sliding material 28 may be fixed to the sliding surfaces 24 and 26 of the upper rod 21 and the lower rod 22.

  On the other hand, the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 of the present embodiment holds the slider 23 so as to be slidable in only one direction (XX) with respect to the upper rod 21, and the slider 23 on the lower rod 22. On the other hand, engaging projections 30 and 31 and guide grooves 32 and 33 for slidably holding only in the other direction (Y-Y) are provided.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the sliding surface 25 on the upper side of the slider 23 protrudes upward from the sliding surface 25 substantially in the other center (YY) in the horizontal direction, and moves in one horizontal direction (XX). ) Is provided with an upper engaging protrusion 30 extending linearly from one end to the other end.

  In addition, it protrudes downward from the sliding surface 27 at approximately the center in one direction (XX) of the sliding surface 27 on the lower side of the slider 23, and from one end along the other direction (YY). A lower engaging projection 31 is provided that extends linearly to the end.

  Furthermore, it is recessed upward from the sliding surface 24 in the other direction (YY: width direction of the upper collar 21) in the other direction of the sliding surface 24 of the upper collar 21, and in one direction (XX: the length of the upper collar 21). An upper guide groove 32 extending linearly from one end portion to the other end portion is provided.

  Furthermore, it is recessed downward from the sliding surface 26 in the center of one direction (XX: width direction of the lower rod 22) of the sliding surface 26 of the lower rod 22, and the other direction (YY: length of the lower rod 22). A lower-side guide groove 33 extending linearly from one end portion to the other end portion is provided.

  The sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 of the present embodiment has the upper and lower engaging projections 30 and 31 of the slider 23 formed as guide grooves 32 on the upper rod 21 and guide grooves 33 on the lower rod 22, respectively. The slider 23 is interposed between the upper rod and the lower rod by being engaged. Thereby, the slider 23 is slidably held in one horizontal direction (XX) and the other direction (YY).

  Moreover, in the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the depth H dimension of the guide grooves 32 and 33 is the required rotation angle of the slider 23 and the engagement convex part required at the construction site. If the horizontal gap t2 dimension between the outer surfaces of 30, 31 and the inner surfaces of the guide grooves 32, 33 is determined, it can be easily calculated and set. For example, if the clearance is 0.3 mm at a rotation angle of 1/200 or less, the height H of the engaging projections 30 and 31 is H = 60 mm. At this time, the maximum rotation angle of the slider 23 is 1/200 regardless of the earthquake motion.

  Furthermore, in order not to bear the vertical load on the engaging convex portions 30 and 31 but to bear the vertical load on the sliding material 28 of the slider 23, the gap between the engaging convex portions 30 and 31 and the guide grooves 32 and 33. The h dimension is larger than the thickness ts of the sliding material 28. By doing in this way, even if the sliding material 28 is considerably worn and crushed, the front end surfaces of the engaging convex portions 30 and 31 do not hit the bottom surfaces of the guide grooves 32 and 33 and no frictional force is generated.

  Moreover, in the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 of this embodiment, the sliding material 28 with a low friction coefficient is also installed on the side surfaces of the engaging convex portions 30 and 33. Thereby, even if it is a case where the side surface of the engagement convex parts 30 and 31 contacts the inner surface of the guide grooves 32 and 33, a frictional force can be reduced.

  Therefore, in the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 according to the present embodiment, the sliding movement with the upper and lower ridges 21 and 22 is provided without providing the movement restraining portions 18 on both sides of the upper and lower ridges unlike the conventional sliding isolation mechanism 13. By providing engaging projections 30 and 31 and guide grooves 32 and 33 that are engaged with each other on the sliding surfaces 24, 25, 26, and 27 of the child 23, the slider 23 is supported with respect to the upper and lower flanges 21 and 22. Can be slidably held in one direction (XX) and the other direction (YY).

 As a result, the configuration can be simplified, and it is possible to reduce costs such as production costs and material costs, and to reduce production labor. Moreover, by comprising in this way, a weight can also be reduced rather than before and an improvement in workability can also be aimed at.

  Furthermore, not the side portions of the upper and lower flanges 21 and 22, but the engaging protrusions 30 and 31 and the guide grooves 32 and 33 on the upper and lower flanges 21 and 22 and the sliding surfaces 24, 25, 26 and 27 of the slider 23. Therefore, the sliding surfaces 25 and 27 of the slider 23 and / or the upper and lower flanges 21 and 22 and the sliding material 28 disposed on the sliding surfaces 24 and 25 are disposed. Can be easily seen from the side of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20, and inspection and the like can be easily and reliably performed. In other words, the performance of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 can be easily and reliably maintained in a suitable state.

  Further, the amount of rotation (rotation angle) of the slider 23 is determined by the combination of the height H of the engaging protrusions 30 and 31 and the gap t2 between the engaging protrusions 30 and 31 and the guide grooves 32 and 33. The rotation angle can be easily controlled to be constant. That is, the smaller the ratio (gap / height) between the height H of the engaging protrusions 30 and 31 and the gap t2, the smaller the rotation angle of the slider 23 can be made. Further, by reducing the rotation, it is possible to prevent stress from concentrating on the edge portion of the sliding material 28 and the like from being worn out or crushed, and the durability of the sliding material 28 (sliding surfaces 24, 25, 26, 27). It becomes possible to improve the property.

  Furthermore, the side frictional force caused by the rotation of the slider 23 can be suppressed to a small level. Thereby, the desired performance of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 can be exhibited suitably, and the acceleration which arises in an upper structure can be suppressed reliably.

  In addition, since the rotation angle of the slider 23 can be controlled, it is possible to perform evaluation in consideration of the rotation of the slider 23. Furthermore, since the rotation angle of the slider 23 can be reduced, the actual performance of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism 20 can be brought close to the theoretical value, and the desired performance can be reliably exhibited.

  As mentioned above, although one embodiment of the sliding seismic isolation mechanism according to the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist thereof.

  For example, in this embodiment, the engaging projections 30 and 31 are provided on the slider 23 and the guide grooves 32 and 33 are provided on the upper rod 21 and the lower rod 22. You may comprise by providing an engaging convex part in a groove | channel and an up-and-down collar.

  In addition, a sliding seismic isolation mechanism may be configured by providing a plurality of guide grooves and / or a plurality of engaging protrusions on the upper rod, the lower rod, and the slider, respectively.

Furthermore, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, guide grooves 32 and 33 are formed in the upper collar 21 and / or the lower collar 22, and the upper collar 21 and / or the lower collar 22 are formed in a plurality of ways. You may comprise the division | segmentation hooks 21a and 22a.
In this case, the plurality of divided flange pieces 21a and 22a are arranged in parallel with a predetermined gap, and the guide grooves 32 and 33 can be formed by the gap. This makes it possible to obtain the same operational effects as in the present embodiment, and can eliminate the need for processing to form the guide groove, that is, further simplification of the configuration. Costs such as material costs can be reduced, and production effort can be reduced.
Moreover, since the upper collar 21 and the lower collar 22 can be formed (configured) by handling the small-weight divided collar pieces 21a and 22a, it is possible to further improve the workability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conventional sliding pendulum type seismic isolation mechanism 2 Upper structure 3 Lower structure 4 Conventional upper arm 5 Conventional lower arm 6 Sliding surface 7 Sliding surface 8 Movable element 10 Conventional upper arm 11 Conventional lower arm 12 Conventional Slider 13 Conventional sliding seismic isolation mechanism 14 Sliding surface 15 Sliding surface 16 Sliding surface 17 Sliding surface 18 Movement restraint portion (guide portion)
20 Sliding seismic isolation mechanism 21 Upper rod 21a Split rod 22 Lower rod 22a Split rod 23 Slider 24 Sliding surface 25 Sliding surface 26 Sliding surface 27 Sliding surface 28 Sliding material 30 Engaging protrusion 31 Engaging Convex part 32 Guide groove 33 Guide groove

Claims (2)

In a sliding seismic isolation mechanism comprising an upper rod fixed to the bottom of the upper structure, a lower rod fixed to the upper portion of the lower structure, and a slider interposed between the upper rod and the lower rod ,
The sliding surfaces of the slider and the upper collar that are in contact with each other are formed as upper inclined surfaces that are inclined in an inverted V shape along one horizontal direction,
The sliding surfaces of the slider and the lower arm that are in contact with each other are formed as a lower inclined surface inclined in a V shape along another horizontal direction orthogonal to the one direction,
The sliding surface on the upper side of the slider and the sliding surface of the upper collar are provided with either one of an upper engaging convex portion and a guide groove that extend in the one direction and engage with each other. ,
The sliding surface on the lower side of the slider and the sliding surface of the lower collar are provided with either one of a lower engaging convex portion and a guide groove that extend in the other direction and engage with each other. A sliding seismic isolation mechanism characterized by In the sliding seismic isolation mechanism according to claim 1,
The guide groove is formed in the upper collar and / or the lower collar,
The upper rod and / or the lower rod is configured by arranging a plurality of divided rod pieces side by side with a predetermined gap,
A sliding seismic isolation mechanism, wherein the guide groove is formed by the gap.

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