JP2015516507A5 - - Google Patents

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JP2015516507A5
JP2015516507A5 JP2015500721A JP2015500721A JP2015516507A5 JP 2015516507 A5 JP2015516507 A5 JP 2015516507A5 JP 2015500721 A JP2015500721 A JP 2015500721A JP 2015500721 A JP2015500721 A JP 2015500721A JP 2015516507 A5 JP2015516507 A5 JP 2015516507A5
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Priority claimed from PCT/CA2012/000253 external-priority patent/WO2012126092A1/en
Priority claimed from PCT/CA2012/000419 external-priority patent/WO2012149642A1/en
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Priority claimed from PCT/CA2013/000226 external-priority patent/WO2013138900A1/en
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本発明は以下を提供する。
［１］少なくとも１種の希土類元素を回収するプロセスであって、
（ｉ）少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって少なくとも１種のレアメタル並びに（ｉｉ）少なくとも１種の鉄イオンを含む酸性組成物を得る工程と；
抽出剤、イオン交換（echange）樹脂によって及び／又は上記組成物を還元剤と反応させることによって上記酸性組成物から上記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンを少なくとも部分的に取り出し、それによって上記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した組成物を得る工程と；
上記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した上記組成物を沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、第１の希土類元素及び場合によって第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程と
を含むプロセス。
［２］上記酸性組成物が（ｉ）上記少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって上記少なくとも１種のレアメタル並びに（ｉｉ）ＦｅＣｌ ３ を含む、上記［１］に記載のプロセス。
［３］上記抽出剤が、トリブチルホスフェート、ジ−２−エチルヘキシルリン酸（ＨＤＥＨＰ）、ビス（２，４，４−トリメチルペンチル）ホスフィン酸及び２−エチルヘキシルホスホン酸モノ−２−エチルヘキシルエステルから選ばれる、上記［１］又は［２］に記載のプロセス。
［４］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１］又は［２］に記載のプロセス。
［５］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１］又は［２］に記載のプロセス。
［６］上記酸性組成物をＦｅ（０）と反応させ、それによってＦｅ ３＋ の含有率が低下した組成物を得る、上記［１］から［５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［７］上記第１の希土類元素がスカンジウムである、上記［１］から［６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［８］上記酸性組成物が少なくとも１種のレアメタルを含む、上記［１］から［７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［９］上記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程を含む、上記［８］に記載のプロセス。
［１０］上記第１のレアメタルがガリウムである、上記［１］から［９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１１］上記沈殿剤が、シュウ酸、ＮａＯＨ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＣＯ ３ 及びその混合物から選ばれる、上記［１］から［１０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１２］上記沈殿剤がＣａＣＯ ３ である、上記［１］から［１０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１３］上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルが、２未満のｐＨ値の維持により実質的に選択的に沈殿される、上記［１］から［１２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１４］上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルが、約１から約２の値にｐＨを維持することにより実質的に選択的に沈殿される、上記［１］から［１２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１５］上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルが、約＋３８０ｍＶの酸化還元電位の維持により実質的に選択的に沈殿される、上記［１］から［１２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１６］上記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、そのように形成された沈殿物中に含まれる第１の希土類元素及び第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させ、上記沈殿物を回収する工程を含む、上記［１］から［１５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１７］上記沈殿物を浸出し浸出溶液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１６］に記載のプロセス。
［１８］上記沈殿物がＨＣｌで浸出される、上記［１７］に記載のプロセス。
［１９］上記ＨＣｌが約５から約１５ｍｏｌ／Ｌの濃度を有する、上記［１８］に記載のプロセス。
［２０］上記浸出溶液が抽出剤でさらに抽出され、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に抽出し、装填した有機相を得る、上記［１７］から［１９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２１］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２０］に記載のプロセス。
［２２］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２０］に記載のプロセス。
［２３］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートでありイソデカノールの存在下にある、上記［２０］に記載のプロセス。
［２４］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で洗浄し、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素を回収し洗浄された有機相を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２０］から［２３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２５］上記洗浄溶液が、約２から約１２ｍｏｌ／Ｌの濃度のＨＣｌを含む酸性水溶液である、上記［２４］に記載のプロセス。
［２６］上記洗浄溶液が、約１：１の洗浄溶液：装填した有機相の比で使用される、上記［２４］又は［２５］に記載のプロセス。
［２７］上記洗浄された有機相をストリッピング溶液でストリッピングし、その結果、上記第１のレアメタルを回収する工程を含む、上記［２４］から［２６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２８］上記ストリッピング溶液が水である、上記［２７］に記載のプロセス。
［２９］上記ストリッピング溶液が、約１：２のストリッピング溶液：装填した有機相の比で使用される、上記［２７］又は［２８］に記載のプロセス。
［３０］上記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、少なくとも１種のさらなる希土類元素並びに上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを含む上記沈殿物を含む液体を得、上記液体を上記沈殿物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［１３］から［２８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［３１］上記液体を別の沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、別の沈殿物を得、上記別の沈殿物を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［３０］に記載のプロセス。
［３２］上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と約７．８から約８．２のｐＨで反応させる、上記［３１］に記載のプロセス。
［３３］上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と約７．９から約８．１のｐＨで反応させる、上記［３１］に記載のプロセス。
［３４］約＋３４０ｍＶに酸化還元電位を維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［３１］から［３３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［３５］約＋３８０ｍＶに酸化還元電位を維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［３１］から［３３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［３６］約５０から約７０℃の温度を維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［３１］から［３５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［３７］上記別の沈殿剤が、ＮａＯＨ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＣＯ ３ 及びその混合物から選ばれる、上記［３１］から［３６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［３８］上記別の沈殿剤がＣａＣＯ ３ である、上記［３１］から［３６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［３９］上記別の沈殿物を浸出し、第２の希土類元素を含む浸出溶液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［３１］から［３８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［４０］上記別の沈殿物がＨＣｌで浸出される、上記［３９］に記載のプロセス。
［４１］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記浸出溶液を抽出剤で抽出し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相、並びに少なくとも１種の軽希土類元素を含む水相を得る、上記［３９］又は［４０］に記載のプロセス。
［４２］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸である、上記［４１］に記載のプロセス。
［４３］上記抽出剤が灯油中のジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸である、上記［４１］に記載のプロセス。
［４４］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［４１］から［４３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［４５］上記装填した有機相を酸性洗浄溶液で処理することによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［４１］から［４３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［４６］上記洗浄溶液が１Ｎ ＨＣｌを含む、上記［４５］に記載のプロセス。
［４７］上記第３の希土類元素がセリウムである、上記［４５］又は［４６］に記載のプロセス。
［４８］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を酸性ストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得、上記ストリップ液を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［４５］から［４７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［４９］上記ストリップ液が３．５Ｎ ＨＣｌを含む、上記［４８］に記載のプロセス。
［５０］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記ストリップ液を抽出剤で処理し、その結果、第４の希土類元素及び場合によって第５の希土類元素を上記ストリップ液から実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記少なくとも第２の希土類元素を含む抽残物を得る工程を含む、上記［４８］又は［４９］に記載のプロセス。
［５１］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［５０］に記載のプロセス。
［５２］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［５０］に記載のプロセス。
［５３］上記第４の希土類元素がジスプロシウムである、上記［５０］から［５２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［５４］上記第５の希土類元素がエルビウムである、上記［５０］から［５３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［５５］上記第４の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含む有機相をストリップ溶液と反応させ、その結果、上記第４（fifth）の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［５０］から［５４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［５６］上記ストリップ溶液が水である、上記［５５］に記載のプロセス。
［５７］上記第２の希土類元素がイットリウムである、上記［４１］から［５６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［５８］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記浸出溶液を抽出剤で抽出し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相、及び少なくとも１種の軽希土類元素を含む抽残物を得る、上記［３９］から［４０］に記載のプロセス。
［５９］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［５８］に記載のプロセス。
［６０］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［５８］又は［５９］に記載のプロセス。
［６１］上記装填した有機相を酸性洗浄溶液で処理することによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［５８］から［６０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［６２］上記洗浄溶液が約１Ｎから約２ＮのＨＣｌを含む、上記［６１］に記載のプロセス。
［６３］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［６１］又は［６２］に記載のプロセス。
［６４］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［６４］に記載のプロセス。
［６５］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記ストリップ液が抽出剤で抽出され、その結果、第４の希土類元素及び場合によって第５の希土類元素を取り出し、それによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む抽残物、並びに上記第４の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相を得る、上記［６３］又は［６４］に記載のプロセス。
［６６］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［６５］に記載のプロセス。
［６７］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［６５］に記載のプロセス。
［６８］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記抽残物を回収する工程を含む、上記［６５］から［６７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［６９］上記第２の希土類元素がイットリウムである、上記［６５］から［６８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［７０］上記第４の希土類元素がジスプロシウムである、上記［６５］から［６９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［７１］上記第５の希土類元素がエルビウムである、上記［６５］から［７０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［７２］上記第４の希土類元素及び上記第５の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液と反応させ、その結果、上記第４の希土類元素及び上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［６５］から［７１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［７３］上記ストリッピング溶液が水である、上記［７２］に記載のプロセス。
［７４］上記ストリップ液を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記ストリップ（strop）液から上記第５の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第４の希土類元素を含む抽残物及び上記第５の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［７２］又は［７３］に記載のプロセス。
［７５］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［７４］に記載のプロセス。
［７６］上記第５の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から上記抽残物を分離し、上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、そこから不純物を取り出し、次いで上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［７４］又は［７５］に記載のプロセス。
［７７］上記洗浄溶液が約２Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［７６］に記載のプロセス。
［７８］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［７６］又は［７７］に記載のプロセス。
［７９］上記抽残物を酸化剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第３の希土類元素を酸化する、上記［５８］から［６０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［８０］上記酸化剤が次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを含む、上記［７９］に記載のプロセス。
［８１］上記抽残物を酸化剤と約０．５から約１．５のｐＨで反応させる、上記［７９］又は［８０］に記載のプロセス。
［８２］沈殿物の形態である上記酸化した第３の希土類元素を上記抽残物から取り出し、それによって第６の希土類元素を含む濾液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［７９］から［８１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［８３］上記濾液を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記濾液から上記第６の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第６の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相並びに第７の希土類元素及び第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む別の抽残物を得、上記第６の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を上記抽残物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［８２］に記載のプロセス。
［８４］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［８３］に記載のプロセス。
［８５］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第６の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［８３］又は［８４］に記載のプロセス。
［８６］上記洗浄溶液が約０．５Ｍから約１．５ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［８５］に記載のプロセス。
［８７］上記ストリッピング溶液が約２Ｍから約３ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［８５］又は［８６］に記載のプロセス。
［８８］上記第６の希土類元素がユーロピウムである、上記［８３］から［８７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［８９］上記第７の希土類元素がプラセオジムである、上記［８３］から［８８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［９０］上記第８（eigth）の希土類元素がネオジムである、上記［８３］から［８８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［９１］還元剤によって上記第６の希土類元素を還元する工程をさらに含む、上記［８３］から［９０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［９２］上記還元剤が亜鉛（０）である、上記［９１］に記載のプロセス。
［９３］上記第６の希土類元素を硫酸ナトリウムと反応させ、その結果、その硫酸塩誘導体を沈殿物の形態で得、上記沈殿物を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［８３］から［９２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［９４］上記第７の希土類元素及び上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む上記抽残物を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を上記抽残物から実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む装填した有機相及び上記第７の希土類元素を含む抽残物を得、上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を上記抽残物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［８３］から［９２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［９５］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［９４］に記載のプロセス。
［９６］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［９４］又は［９５］に記載のプロセス。
［９７］上記洗浄溶液が約２Ｍから約３ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［９６］に記載のプロセス。
［９８］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［９６］又は［９７］に記載のプロセス。
［９９］少なくとも１種の希土類元素を回収するプロセスであって、
（ｉ）少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって少なくとも１種のレアメタルを含む酸性組成物を得る工程と；
上記組成物を沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、第１の希土類元素及び場合によって第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程と
を含むプロセス。
［１００］上記第１の希土類元素がスカンジウムである、上記［９９］に記載のプロセス。
［１０１］上記酸性組成物が少なくとも１種のレアメタルを含む、上記［９９］又は［１００］に記載のプロセス。
［１０２］上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程を含む、上記［１０１］に記載のプロセス。
［１０３］上記第１のレアメタルがガリウムである、上記［９９］から［１０２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１０４］上記沈殿剤が、ＮａＯＨ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＣＯ ３ 及びその混合物から選ばれる、上記［９９］から［１０３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１０５］上記沈殿剤がＣａＣＯ ３ である、上記［９９］から［１０３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１０６］上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルを２未満のｐＨ値の維持により実質的に選択的に沈殿させる、上記［９９］から［１０５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１０７］上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルを約１から約２の値にｐＨを維持することにより実質的に選択的に沈殿させる、上記［９９］から［１０５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１０８］上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルを約＋３８０ｍＶの酸化還元電位の維持により実質的に選択的に沈殿させる、上記［９９］から［１０７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１０９］上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、そのように形成された沈殿物中に含まれる、第１の希土類元素及び第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させ、上記沈殿物を回収する工程を含む、上記［９９］から［１０８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１１０］上記沈殿物を浸出し浸出溶液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１０９］に記載のプロセス。
［１１１］上記沈殿物がＨＣｌで浸出される、上記［１１０］に記載のプロセス。
［１１２］上記ＨＣｌが約５から約１５ｍｏｌ／Ｌの濃度を有する、上記［１１１］に記載のプロセス。
［１１３］上記浸出溶液が抽出剤でさらに抽出され、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に抽出し、装填した有機相を得る、上記［１１０］から［１１２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１１４］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１１３］に記載のプロセス。
［１１５］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１１３］に記載のプロセス。
［１１６］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートでありイソデカノールの存在下にある、上記［１１３］に記載のプロセス。
［１１７］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で洗浄し、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素を回収し洗浄された有機相を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１１３］から［１１６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１１８］上記洗浄溶液が、約２から約１２ｍｏｌ／Ｌの濃度でＨＣｌを含む酸性水溶液である、上記［１１７］に記載のプロセス。
［１１９］上記洗浄溶液が、約１：１の洗浄溶液：装填した有機相の比で使用される、上記［１１７］又は［１１８］に記載のプロセス。
［１２０］上記洗浄された有機相をストリッピング溶液でストリッピングし、その結果、上記第１のレアメタルを回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［１１７］から［１１９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１２１］上記ストリッピング溶液が水である、上記［１２０］に記載のプロセス。
［１２２］上記ストリッピング溶液が、約１：２のストリッピング溶液：装填した有機相の比で使用される、上記［１２０］又は［１２１］に記載のプロセス。
［１２３］上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、少なくとも１種のさらなる希土類元素を含む液体、並びに上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを含む上記沈殿物を得、上記沈殿物から上記液体を分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［１１０］から［１２２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１２４］上記液体を別の沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、別の沈殿物を得、上記別の沈殿物を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［１２３］に記載のプロセス。
［１２５］上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と約７．８から約８．２のｐＨで反応させる、上記［１２４］に記載のプロセス。
［１２６］上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と約７．９から約８．１のｐＨで反応させる、上記［１２４］に記載のプロセス。
［１２７］酸化還元電位を約＋３４０ｍＶに維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［１２４］から［１２６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１２８］酸化還元電位を約＋３８０ｍＶに維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［１２４］から［１２６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１２９］約５０から約７０℃の温度を維持することによって、上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［１２４］から［１２８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１３０］上記別の沈殿剤が、ＮａＯＨ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＣＯ ３ 及びその混合物から選ばれる、上記［１２４］から［１２９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１３１］上記別の沈殿剤がＣａＣＯ ３ である、上記［１２４］から［１２９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１３２］上記別の沈殿物を浸出し、第２の希土類元素を含む浸出溶液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１２４］から［１３１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１３３］上記別の沈殿物がＨＣｌで浸出される、上記［１３２］に記載のプロセス。
［１３４］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記浸出溶液が抽出剤で抽出され、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相、及び少なくとも１種の軽希土類元素を含む水相を得る、上記［１３２］又は［１３３］に記載のプロセス。
［１３５］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸である、上記［１３４］に記載のプロセス。
［１３６］上記抽出剤が、灯油中のジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸である、上記［１３４］に記載のプロセス。
［１３７］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１３４］から［１３６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１３８］上記装填した有機相を酸性洗浄溶液で処理することによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１３４］から［１３７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１３９］上記洗浄溶液が１Ｎ ＨＣｌを含む、上記［１３８］に記載のプロセス。
［１４０］上記第３の希土類元素がセリウムである、上記［１３８］又は［１３９］に記載のプロセス。
［１４１］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を酸性ストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得、上記ストリップ液を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［１３８］から［１４０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１４２］上記ストリップ液が３．５Ｎ ＨＣｌを含む、上記［１４１］に記載のプロセス。
［１４３］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記ストリップ液を抽出剤で処理し、その結果、第４の希土類元素及び場合によって第５の希土類元素を上記ストリップ液から実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む抽残物を得る工程を含む、上記［１４１］又は［１４２］に記載のプロセス。
［１４４］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１４３］に記載のプロセス。
［１４５］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１４３］に記載のプロセス。
［１４６］上記第４の希土類元素がジスプロシウムである、上記［１４３］から［１４５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１４７］上記第５の希土類元素がエルビウムである、上記［１４３］から［１４６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１４８］上記第４の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含む有機相をストリップ溶液と反応させ、その結果、上記第４（fifth）の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１４３］から［１４７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１４９］上記ストリップ溶液が水である、上記［１４８］に記載のプロセス。
［１５０］上記第２の希土類元素がイットリウムである、上記［１３４］から［１４９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１５１］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記浸出溶液が抽出剤で抽出され、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相、及び少なくとも１種の軽希土類元素を含む抽残物を得る、上記［１３２］又は［１３３］に記載のプロセス。
［１５２］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［１５１］に記載のプロセス。
［１５３］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１５１］又は［１５２］に記載のプロセス。
［１５４］上記装填した有機相を酸性洗浄溶液で処理することによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１５１］から［１５３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１５５］上記洗浄溶液が約１Ｎから約２ＮのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１５４］に記載のプロセス。
［１５６］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１５４］又は［１５５］に記載のプロセス。
［１５７］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１５６］に記載のプロセス。
［１５８］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記ストリップ液が抽出剤で抽出され、その結果、第４の希土類元素及び場合によって第５の希土類元素を取り出し、それによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む抽残物、並びに上記第４の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相を得る、上記［１５６］又は［１５７］に記載のプロセス。
［１５９］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１５８］に記載のプロセス。
［１６０］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１５８］に記載のプロセス。
［１６１］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記抽残物を回収する工程を含む、上記［１５８］から［１６０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１６２］上記第２の希土類元素がイットリウムである、上記［１５８］から［１６０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１６３］上記第４の希土類元素がジスプロシウムである、上記［１５８］から［１６２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１６４］上記第５の希土類元素がエルビウムである、上記［１５８］から［１６２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１６５］上記第４の希土類元素及び上記第５の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液と反応させ、その結果、上記第４の希土類元素及び上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１５８］から［１６４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１６６］上記ストリッピング溶液が水である、上記［１６５］に記載のプロセス。
［１６７］上記ストリップ液を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第５の希土類元素を上記ストリップ（strop）液から実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第４の希土類元素を含む抽残物、及び上記第５の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１６５］又は［１６６］に記載のプロセス。
［１６８］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［１６７］に記載のプロセス。
［１６９］上記第５の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から上記抽残物を分離し、上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１６７］又は［１６８］に記載のプロセス。
［１７０］上記洗浄溶液が約２Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１６９］に記載のプロセス。
［１７１］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１６９］又は［１７０］に記載のプロセス。
［１７２］酸化剤と上記抽残物を反応させ、その結果、上記第３の希土類元素を酸化する、上記［１５１］から［１５３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１７３］上記酸化剤が次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを含む、上記［１７２］に記載のプロセス。
［１７４］上記抽残物を酸化剤と約０．５から約１．５のｐＨで反応させる、上記［１７２］又は［１７３］に記載のプロセス。
［１７５］沈殿物の形態である上記酸化した第３の希土類元素を上記抽残物から取り出し、それによって第６の希土類元素を含む濾液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１７２］から［１７４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１７６］上記濾液を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第６の希土類元素を上記濾液から実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第６の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相並びに第７の希土類元素及び第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む別の抽残物を得、上記第６の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を上記抽残物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［１７５］に記載のプロセス。
［１７７］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［１７６］に記載のプロセス。
［１７８］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第６の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る、上記［１７６］又は［１７７］に記載のプロセス。
［１７９］上記洗浄溶液が約０．５Ｍから約１．５ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１７８］に記載のプロセス。
［１８０］上記ストリッピング溶液が約２Ｍから約３ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１７８］又は［１７９］に記載のプロセス。
［１８１］上記第６の希土類元素がユーロピウムである、上記［１７６］から［１８０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１８２］上記第７の希土類元素がプラセオジムである、上記［１７６］から［１８１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１８３］上記第８（eigth）の希土類元素がネオジムである、上記［１７６］から［１８２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１８４］還元剤によって上記第６の希土類元素を還元する工程をさらに含む、上記［１７６］から［１８３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１８５］上記還元剤が亜鉛（０）である、上記［１８４］に記載のプロセス。
［１８６］上記第６の希土類元素を硫酸ナトリウムと反応させ、その結果、沈殿物の形態でその硫酸塩誘導体を得、上記沈殿物を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［１７６］から［１８５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１８７］上記第７の希土類元素及び上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む上記抽残物を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を上記抽残物から実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む装填した有機相及び上記第７の希土類元素を含む抽残物を得、上記第８の（ｅｉｇｈｔ）希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を上記抽残物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［１７６］から［１８６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１８８］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［１８７］に記載のプロセス。
［１８９］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第８の（ｅｉｇｈｔ）希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［１８７］又は［１８８］に記載のプロセス。
［１９０］上記洗浄溶液が約２Ｍから約３ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１８９］に記載のプロセス。
［１９１］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［１８９］又は［１９０］に記載のプロセス。
［１９２］上記酸性組成物をイオン交換樹脂で前処理又は処理し、その結果、不純物を取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１］から［１９１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１９３］少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって少なくとも１種のレアメタルを上記酸性組成物から抽出する前に、上記酸性組成物をイオン交換樹脂で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１］から［１９２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１９４］上記プロセスによって抽出された上記少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって上記少なくとも１種のレアメタルをプラズマトーチにより処理し、その結果、上記少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって上記少なくとも１種のレアメタルをさらに高純度化する工程をさらに含む、上記［１］から［９２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［１９５］少なくとも１種の希土類元素を回収するプロセスであって、
（ｉ）少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって少なくとも１種のレアメタルを含む酸性組成物；並びに（ｉｉ）少なくとも１種の金属イオンを得る工程と；
抽出剤、イオン交換（echange）樹脂によって及び／又は上記組成物を還元剤と反応させることによって上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンを上記酸性組成物から少なくとも部分的に取り出し、それによって上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンの含有率が低下した組成物を得る工程と；
上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンの上記含有率が低下した上記組成物を沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、第１の希土類元素及び場合によって第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程と
を含むプロセス。
［１９６］上記酸性組成物が（ｉ）上記少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び上記少なくとも１種のレアメタルを含む、上記［１９５］に記載のプロセス。
［１９７］上記抽出剤が、トリブチルホスフェート、ジ−２−エチルヘキシルリン酸（ＨＤＥＨＰ）、ビス（２，４，４−トリメチルペンチル）ホスフィン酸及び２−エチルヘキシルホスホン酸モノ−２−エチルヘキシルエステルから選ばれる、上記［１９５］又は［１９６］に記載のプロセス。
［１９８］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１９５］又は［１９６］に記載のプロセス。
［１９９］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［１９５］又は［１９６］に記載のプロセス。
［２００］上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンが、少なくとも１種のアルミニウムイオン、少なくとも１種の亜鉛イオン、少なくとも１種の銅イオン、少なくとも１種のニッケルイオン、少なくとも１種のマグネシウムイオン、少なくとも１種のチタンイオン及び／又は少なくとも１種の鉄イオンを含む、上記［１９５］から［１９９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０１］上記第１の希土類元素がスカンジウムである、上記［１９５］から［２００］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０２］上記酸性組成物が少なくとも１種のレアメタルを含む、上記［１９５］から［２０１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０３］上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンの上記含有率が低下した上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程を含む、上記［２０２］に記載のプロセス。
［２０４］上記第１のレアメタルがガリウムである、上記［１９５］から［２０３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０５］上記沈殿剤が、ＮａＯＨ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＣＯ ３ 及びその混合物から選ばれる、上記［１９５］から［２０４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０６］上記沈殿剤がＣａＣＯ ３ である、上記［１９５］から［２０４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０７］上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルを２未満のｐＨ値の維持により実質的に選択的に沈殿させる、上記［１９５］から［２０６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０８］約１から約２の値にｐＨを維持することによって上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる、上記［１９５］から［２０６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２０９］約＋３８０ｍＶの酸化還元電位を維持することによって上記第１の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる、上記［１９５］から［２０６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２１０］上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンの含有率が低下した上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、そのように形成された沈殿物に含まれる第１の希土類元素及び第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させ、上記沈殿物を回収する工程を含む、上記［１９５］から［２０９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２１１］上記沈殿物を浸出し浸出溶液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２１０］に記載のプロセス。
［２１２］上記沈殿物がＨＣｌで浸出される、上記［２１１］に記載のプロセス。
［２１３］上記浸出溶液が抽出剤でさらに抽出され、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に抽出し、装填した有機相を得る、上記［２１１］又は［２１２］に記載のプロセス。
［２１４］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２１３］に記載のプロセス。
［２１５］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２１３］に記載のプロセス。
［２１６］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートでありイソデカノールの存在下にある、上記［２１３］に記載のプロセス。
［２１７］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で洗浄し、その結果、上記第１の希土類元素を回収し洗浄された有機相を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２１４］から［２１６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２１８］上記洗浄溶液が、約２から約１２ｍｏｌ／Ｌの濃度のＨＣｌを含む酸性水溶液である、上記［２１７］に記載のプロセス。
［２１９］上記洗浄溶液が、約１：１の洗浄溶液：装填した有機相の比で使用される、上記［２１７］又は［２１８］に記載のプロセス。
［２２０］上記洗浄された有機相をストリッピング溶液でストリッピングし、その結果、上記第１のレアメタルを回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［２１７］から［２１９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２２１］上記ストリッピング溶液が水である、上記［２２０］に記載のプロセス。
［２２２］上記ストリッピング溶液が約１：２のストリッピング溶液：装填した有機相の比で使用される、上記［２２０］又は［２２１］に記載のプロセス。
［２２３］上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンの含有率が低下した上記組成物を上記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、少なくとも１種のさらなる希土類元素を含む液体並びに上記第１の希土類元素及び上記第１のレアメタルを含む上記沈殿物を得、上記液体を上記沈殿物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［２０７］から［２２２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２２４］上記液体を別の沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、別の沈殿物を得、上記別の沈殿物を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［２２３］に記載のプロセス。
［２２５］上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と約７．８から約８．２のｐＨで反応させる、上記［２２４］に記載のプロセス。
［２２６］上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と約７．９から約８．１のｐＨで反応させる、上記［２２４］に記載のプロセス。
［２２７］約＋３４０ｍＶに酸化還元電位を維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［２２４］から［２２６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２２８］約＋３８０ｍＶに酸化還元電位を維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［２２４］から［２２６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２２９］約５０から約７０℃の温度を維持することによって上記液体を上記別の沈殿剤と反応させる、上記［２２４］から［２２８］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２３０］上記別の沈殿剤が、ＮａＯＨ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＣＯ ３ 及びその混合物から選ばれる、上記［２２４］から［２２９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２３１］上記沈殿剤がＣａＣＯ ３ である、上記［２２４］から［２２９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２３２］上記別の沈殿物を浸出し、第２の希土類元素を含む浸出溶液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２２４］から［２３１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２３３］上記別の沈殿物がＨＣｌで浸出される、上記［２３２］に記載のプロセス。
［２３４］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記浸出溶液が抽出剤で抽出され、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相、及び少なくとも１種の軽希土類元素を含む水相を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２３２］又は［２３３］に記載のプロセス。
［２３５］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸である、上記［２３４］に記載のプロセス。
［２３６］上記抽出剤が灯油中のジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸である、上記［２３４］に記載のプロセス。
［２３７］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［２３４］から［２３６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２３８］上記装填した有機相を酸性洗浄溶液で処理することによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［２３４］から［２３６］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２３９］上記洗浄溶液が１Ｎ ＨＣｌを含む、上記［２３８］に記載のプロセス。
［２４０］上記第３の希土類元素がセリウムである、上記［２３８］又は［２３９］に記載のプロセス。
［２４１］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を酸性ストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得、上記ストリップ液を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［２３８］から［２４０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２４２］上記ストリップ液が３．５Ｎ ＨＣｌを含む、上記［２４１］に記載のプロセス。
［２４３］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記ストリップ液を抽出剤で処理し、その結果、第４の希土類元素及び場合によって第５の希土類元素を上記ストリップ液から実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む抽残物を得る工程を含む、上記［２４１］又は［２４２］に記載のプロセス。
［２４４］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２４３］に記載のプロセス。
［２４５］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２４３］に記載のプロセス。
［２４６］上記第４の希土類元素がジスプロシウムである、上記［２４３］から［２４５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２４７］上記第５の希土類元素がエルビウムである、上記［２４３］から［２４５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２４８］上記第４の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含む有機相をストリップ溶液と反応させ、その結果、上記第４（fifth）の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２４３］から［２４７］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２４９］上記ストリップ溶液が水である、上記［２４８］に記載のプロセス。
［２５０］上記第２の希土類元素がイットリウムである、上記［２３４］から［２４９］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２５１］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記浸出溶液を抽出剤で抽出し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を実質的に選択的に抽出し、上記第２の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相、及び少なくとも１種の軽希土類元素を含む抽残物を得る、上記［２３２］又は［２３３］に記載のプロセス。
［２５２］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［２５１］に記載のプロセス。
［２５３］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［２５１］又は［２５２］に記載のプロセス。
［２５４］上記装填した有機相を酸性洗浄溶液で処理することによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から第３の希土類元素を少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［２５１］から［２５３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２５５］上記洗浄溶液が約１Ｎから約２ＮのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２５４］に記載のプロセス。
［２５６］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第２の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２５４］又は［２５５］に記載のプロセス。
［２５７］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２５６］に記載のプロセス。
［２５８］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記ストリップ液を抽出剤で抽出し、その結果、第４の希土類元素及び場合によって第５の希土類元素を取り出し、それによって上記第２の希土類元素を含む抽残物、並びに上記第４の希土類元素及び場合によって上記第５の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相を得る、上記［２５６］又は［２５７］に記載のプロセス。
［２５９］上記抽出剤がトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２５８］に記載のプロセス。
［２６０］上記抽出剤が灯油中のトリブチルホスフェートである、上記［２５８］に記載のプロセス。
［２６１］上記第２の希土類元素を含む上記抽残物を回収する工程を含む、上記［２５８］から［２６０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２６２］上記第２の希土類元素がイットリウムである、上記［２５８］から［２６１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２６３］上記第４の希土類元素がジスプロシウムである、上記［２５８］から［２６２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２６４］上記第５の希土類元素がエルビウムである、上記［２５８］から［２６３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２６５］上記第４の希土類元素及び上記第５の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液と反応させ、その結果、上記第４の希土類元素及び上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２５８］から［２６４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２６６］上記ストリッピング溶液が水である、上記［２６５］に記載のプロセス。
［２６７］上記ストリップ液を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第５の希土類元素を上記ストリップ（strop）液から実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第４の希土類元素を含む抽残物、及び上記第５の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２６５］又は［２６６］に記載のプロセス。
［２６８］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［２６７］に記載のプロセス。
［２６９］上記第５の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相から上記抽残物を分離し、上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第５の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２６７］又は［２６８］に記載のプロセス。
［２７０］上記洗浄溶液が約２Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２６９］に記載のプロセス。
［２７１］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２６９］又は［２７０］に記載のプロセス。
［２７２］上記抽残物を酸化剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第３の希土類元素を酸化する、上記［２５１］から［２５３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２７３］上記酸化剤が次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを含む、上記［２７２］に記載のプロセス。
［２７４］上記抽残物を約０．５から約１．５のｐＨで酸化剤と反応させる、上記［２７２］又は［２７３］に記載のプロセス。
［２７５］沈殿物の形態である酸化した第３の希土類元素を上記抽残物から取り出し、それによって第６の希土類元素を含む濾液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２７２］から［２７４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２７６］上記濾液を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第６の希土類元素を上記濾液から実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第６の希土類元素を含む装填した有機相並びに第７の希土類元素及び第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む別の抽残物を得、上記第６の希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を上記抽残物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［２７５］に記載のプロセス。
［２７７］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［２７６］に記載のプロセス。
［２７８］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第６の希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２７６］又は［２７７］に記載のプロセス。
［２７９］上記洗浄溶液が約０．５Ｍから約１．５ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２７８］に記載のプロセス。
［２８０］上記ストリッピング溶液が約２Ｍから約３ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２７８］又は［２７９］に記載のプロセス。
［２８１］上記第６の希土類元素がユーロピウムである、上記［２７６］から［２８０］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２８２］上記第７の希土類元素がプラセオジムである、上記［２７６］から［２８１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２８３］上記第８（eigth）の希土類元素がネオジムである、上記［２７６］から［２８２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２８４］還元剤によって上記第６の希土類元素を還元する工程をさらに含む、上記［２７６］から［２８３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２８５］上記還元剤が亜鉛（０）である、上記［２８４］に記載のプロセス。
［２８６］上記第６の希土類元素を硫酸ナトリウムと反応させ、その結果、沈殿物の形態のその硫酸塩誘導体を得、上記沈殿物を回収する工程をさらに含む、上記［２７６］から［２８５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２８７］上記第７の希土類元素及び上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む上記抽残物を抽出剤と反応させ、その結果、上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を上記抽残物から実質的に選択的に抽出し、それによって上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む装填した有機相及び上記第７の希土類元素を含む抽残物を得、上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含む上記装填した有機相を上記抽残物から分離する工程をさらに含む、上記［２７６］から［２８５］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２８８］上記抽出剤がジ（エチルヘキシル）ホスホン酸又はジ−（２−エチルヘキシル）リン酸である、上記［２８７］に記載のプロセス。
［２８９］上記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから取り出し、次いで、上記装填した有機相をストリッピング溶液で処理し、その結果、上記第８の（eight）希土類元素を含むストリップ液を得る工程をさらに含む、上記［２８７］又は［２８８］に記載のプロセス。
［２９０］上記洗浄溶液が約２Ｍから約３ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２８９］に記載のプロセス。
［２９１］上記ストリッピング溶液が約３Ｍから約４ＭのＨＣｌを含む、上記［２８９］又は［２９０］に記載のプロセス。
［２９２］上記少なくとも１種の金属イオンが、アルミニウム、鉄、亜鉛、銅、ニッケル、マグネシウム及びチタンから選ばれる金属のイオンである、上記［１９５］から［２９１］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２９３］上記酸性組成物をイオン交換樹脂で前処理又は処理し、その結果、不純物を取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１９５］から［２９２］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２９４］少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって少なくとも１種のレアメタルを上記酸性組成物から抽出する前に、上記酸性組成物をイオン交換樹脂で処理し、その結果、不純物をそこから少なくとも部分的に取り出す工程をさらに含む、上記［１９５］から［２９３］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
［２９５］プラズマトーチによって、上記プロセスによって抽出された上記少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって上記少なくとも１種のレアメタルを処理し、その結果、上記少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって上記少なくとも１種のレアメタルをさらに高純度化する工程をさらに含む、上記［１９５］から［２９４］のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
一態様によると、少なくとも１種の希土類元素を回収するプロセスであって、
（ｉ）少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって少なくとも１種のレアメタルを含む酸性組成物を得る工程と；
組成物を沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、第１の希土類元素及び場合によって第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程と
を含むプロセスが提供される。 The present invention provides the following.
[1] A process for recovering at least one rare earth element,
(I) obtaining an acidic composition comprising at least one rare earth element and optionally at least one rare metal and (ii) at least one iron ion;
The at least one iron ion is at least partially removed from the acidic composition by an extractant, an ion exchange resin and / or by reacting the composition with a reducing agent, thereby at least one of the at least one iron composition. Obtaining a composition having a reduced content of iron ions;
Reacting the composition having a reduced content of the at least one iron ion with a precipitating agent, thereby substantially selectively precipitating the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal;
Including processes.
[2] The acidic composition comprises (i) the at least one rare earth element and optionally the at least one rare metal and (ii) FeCl. 3 The process according to [1] above, comprising:
[3] The extractant is selected from tributyl phosphate, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphate (HDEHP), bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid and 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester. The process according to [1] or [2] above.
[4] The process according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[5] The process according to [1] or [2] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[6] The acidic composition is reacted with Fe (0), whereby Fe 3+ The process according to any one of [1] to [5] above, wherein a composition having a reduced content of is obtained.
[7] The process according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the first rare earth element is scandium.
[8] The process according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the acidic composition includes at least one rare metal.
[9] The composition having a reduced content of the at least one iron ion is reacted with the precipitant, and as a result, the first rare earth element and the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated. The process according to [8] above, comprising a step of causing
[10] The process according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the first rare metal is gallium.
[11] The precipitant is oxalic acid, NaOH, MgO, CaCO 3 And the process according to any one of the above [1] to [10], which is selected from the group consisting of a mixture thereof.
[12] The precipitant is CaCO 3 The process according to any one of [1] to [10] above.
[13] Any one of [1] to [12] above, wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining a pH value of less than 2. The process described in
[14] The above [1] to [12], wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining the pH at a value of about 1 to about 2. ] The process as described in any one of.
[15] Any one of [1] to [12] above, wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining a redox potential of about +380 mV. The process described in the section.
[16] The composition in which the content of the at least one iron ion is reduced is reacted with the precipitant, and as a result, the first rare earth element and the first element contained in the precipitate thus formed The process according to any one of [1] to [15], which comprises a step of substantially selectively precipitating a rare metal and recovering the precipitate.
[17] The process according to [16], further comprising a step of leaching the precipitate to obtain a leaching solution.
[18] The process according to [17], wherein the precipitate is leached with HCl.
[19] The process of [18] above, wherein the HCl has a concentration of about 5 to about 15 mol / L.
[20] The leaching solution is further extracted with an extractant, so that the first rare earth element and the first rare metal are substantially selectively extracted to obtain a loaded organic phase. [17] To [19].
[21] The process according to [20], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[22] The process according to [20] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[23] The process according to [20] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene and is in the presence of isodecanol.
[24] The method according to any one of [20] to [23], further including a step of washing the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, thereby collecting the first rare earth element to obtain a washed organic phase. The process according to one paragraph.
[25] The process according to [24] above, wherein the cleaning solution is an acidic aqueous solution containing HCl at a concentration of about 2 to about 12 mol / L.
[26] The process of [24] or [25] above, wherein the cleaning solution is used in a ratio of about 1: 1 cleaning solution: loaded organic phase.
[27] The process according to any one of [24] to [26], including a step of stripping the washed organic phase with a stripping solution and, as a result, recovering the first rare metal. .
[28] The process according to [27], wherein the stripping solution is water.
[29] The process of [27] or [28] above, wherein the stripping solution is used in a ratio of stripping solution: loaded organic phase of about 1: 2.
[30] The composition having a reduced content of the at least one iron ion is reacted with the precipitant, and as a result, at least one further rare earth element, the first rare earth element, and the first rare metal are reacted. The process according to any one of [13] to [28], further comprising a step of obtaining a liquid containing the precipitate containing, and separating the liquid from the precipitate.
[31] The process of the above-mentioned [30], further comprising the step of reacting the liquid with another precipitating agent, thereby obtaining another precipitate, and collecting the other precipitate.
[32] The process of [31] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent at a pH of about 7.8 to about 8.2.
[33] The process of [31] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the other precipitating agent at a pH of about 7.9 to about 8.1.
[34] The process of any one of [31] to [33], wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent by maintaining a redox potential at about +340 mV.
[35] The process of any one of [31] to [33], wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent by maintaining a redox potential at about +380 mV.
[36] The process of any one of [31] to [35] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent by maintaining a temperature of about 50 to about 70 ° C.
[37] The other precipitant is NaOH, MgO, or CaCO. 3 And the process according to any one of [31] to [36] above, which is selected from the group consisting of a mixture thereof.
[38] The other precipitant is CaCO 3 The process according to any one of [31] to [36] above.
[39] The process according to any one of [31] to [38], further comprising leaching the another precipitate to obtain a leaching solution containing a second rare earth element.
[40] The process of [39] above, wherein the other precipitate is leached with HCl.
[41] The leaching solution containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, and as a result, the second rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted and loaded with the second rare earth element. The process according to [39] or [40] above, wherein an organic phase and an aqueous phase containing at least one light rare earth element are obtained.
[42] The process described in [41] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid.
[43] The process according to [41] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid in kerosene.
[44] The process according to any one of [41] to [43], further including the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element. .
[45] The method of [41], further comprising the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element by treating the loaded organic phase with an acidic cleaning solution. ] To the process according to any one of [43].
[46] The process of the above-mentioned [45], wherein the cleaning solution contains 1N HCl.
[47] The process according to [45] or [46] above, wherein the third rare earth element is cerium.
[48] The step of treating the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element with an acidic stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip liquid containing the second rare earth element, and recovering the strip liquid is further included. The process according to any one of [45] to [47] above.
[49] The process according to [48], wherein the strip solution contains 3.5N HCl.
[50] The strip liquid containing the second rare earth element is treated with an extractant, so that the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are substantially selectively extracted from the strip liquid. The process according to the above [48] or [49], comprising a step of obtaining an extraction residue containing the at least second rare earth element.
[51] The process of the above-mentioned [50], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[52] The process according to [50], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[53] The process according to any one of [50] to [52], wherein the fourth rare earth element is dysprosium.
[54] The process according to any one of [50] to [53], wherein the fifth rare earth element is erbium.
[55] The organic phase containing the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element is reacted with a strip solution, and as a result, the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are reacted. The process according to any one of [50] to [54], further comprising a step of obtaining a strip solution containing:
[56] The process according to [55], wherein the strip solution is water.
[57] The process according to any one of [41] to [56], wherein the second rare earth element is yttrium.
[58] The leaching solution containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, so that the second rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted and loaded with the second rare earth element. The process according to [39] to [40], wherein an extraction phase containing an organic phase and at least one light rare earth element is obtained.
[59] The process according to [58], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[60] The process of [58] or [59], further comprising at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element.
[61] The method according to [58], further comprising the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element by treating the loaded organic phase with an acidic cleaning solution. ] To [60].
[62] The process of [61] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 1 N to about 2 N HCl.
[63] The above [61] or [63], further comprising a step of treating the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element with a stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip liquid containing the second rare earth element. 62].
[64] The process of [64] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[65] The strip liquid containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, and as a result, the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are taken out, thereby containing the second rare earth element. The process according to [63] or [64] above, wherein the extraction residue and the loaded organic phase containing the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are obtained.
[66] The process of the above-mentioned [65], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[67] The process of [65] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[68] The process according to any one of [65] to [67], including a step of recovering the extraction residue containing the second rare earth element.
[69] The process according to any one of [65] to [68], wherein the second rare earth element is yttrium.
[70] The process according to any one of [65] to [69], wherein the fourth rare earth element is dysprosium.
[71] The process according to any one of [65] to [70], wherein the fifth rare earth element is erbium.
[72] The loaded organic phase containing the fourth rare earth element and the fifth rare earth element is reacted with a stripping solution, so that the strip containing the fourth rare earth element and the fifth rare earth element is obtained. The process according to any one of [65] to [71], further comprising a step of obtaining a liquid.
[73] The process according to [72], wherein the stripping solution is water.
[74] The strip solution is reacted with an extractant, so that the fifth rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted from the strop solution, thereby extracting the fourth rare earth element. The process according to [72] or [73], further comprising obtaining a loaded organic phase containing a residue and the fifth rare earth element.
[75] The process according to [74], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[76] Separating the extracted residue from the loaded organic phase containing the fifth rare earth element, treating the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom and then loaded. The process according to [74] or [75], further comprising treating the organic phase with a stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip solution containing the fifth rare earth element.
[77] The process of [76] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 2M to about 4M HCl.
[78] The process of [76] or [77] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[79] The process according to any one of [58] to [60], wherein the extraction residue is reacted with an oxidant, thereby oxidizing the third rare earth element.
[80] The process of [79] above, wherein the oxidizing agent comprises sodium hypochlorite.
[81] The process according to [79] or [80], wherein the extraction residue is reacted with an oxidizing agent at a pH of about 0.5 to about 1.5.
[82] The above [79] to [81], further comprising the step of removing the oxidized third rare earth element in the form of a precipitate from the extraction residue, thereby obtaining a filtrate containing the sixth rare earth element. The process according to any one of the above.
[83] reacting the filtrate with an extractant, so as to substantially selectively extract the sixth rare earth element from the filtrate, thereby loading the loaded organic phase containing the sixth rare earth element and the first Further comprising the step of obtaining another extraction residue comprising 7 rare earth elements and an eighth rare earth element and separating the loaded organic phase comprising the sixth rare earth element from the extraction residue. The process according to [82].
[84] The process of the above-mentioned [83], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[85] Treating the loaded organic phase with a cleaning solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom, and then treating the loaded organic phase with a stripping solution, resulting in the sixth rare earth element. The process according to [83] or [84] above, further comprising a step of obtaining a strip solution.
[86] The process of [85] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 0.5 M to about 1.5 M HCl.
[87] The process of [85] or [86] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 2M to about 3M HCl.
[88] The process according to any one of [83] to [87], wherein the sixth rare earth element is europium.
[89] The process according to any one of [83] to [88], wherein the seventh rare earth element is praseodymium.
[90] The process according to any one of [83] to [88], wherein the eighth (eigth) rare earth element is neodymium.
[91] The process according to any one of [83] to [90], further including a step of reducing the sixth rare earth element with a reducing agent.
[92] The process according to [91], wherein the reducing agent is zinc (0).
[93] The above [83] to [92], further comprising a step of reacting the sixth rare earth element with sodium sulfate, thereby obtaining the sulfate derivative in the form of a precipitate and recovering the precipitate. The process according to any one of the above.
[94] The extraction residue containing the seventh rare earth element and the eighth (eight) rare earth element is reacted with an extractant, so that the eighth (eight) rare earth element is removed from the extraction residue. Extracting substantially selectively, thereby obtaining a loaded organic phase containing the eighth (eight) rare earth element and an extraction residue containing the seventh rare earth element, and the eighth (eight) rare earth element. The process according to any one of [83] to [92], further comprising the step of separating the loaded organic phase comprising:
[95] The process according to [94], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[96] Treating the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom, and then treating the loaded organic phase with a stripping solution, so that the eighth rare earth The process according to [94] or [95], further including a step of obtaining a strip solution containing an element.
[97] The process of [96] above, wherein the wash solution comprises about 2M to about 3M HCl.
[98] The process of [96] or [97] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[99] A process for recovering at least one rare earth element,
(I) obtaining an acidic composition comprising at least one rare earth element and optionally at least one rare metal;
Reacting the composition with a precipitating agent, thereby substantially selectively precipitating the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal;
Including processes.
[100] The process according to [99], wherein the first rare earth element is scandium.
[101] The process according to [99] or [100] above, wherein the acidic composition contains at least one rare metal.
[102] The process of the above-mentioned [101], comprising the step of reacting the composition with the precipitant and, as a result, substantially selectively precipitating the first rare earth element and the first rare metal. .
[103] The process according to any one of [99] to [102], wherein the first rare metal is gallium.
[104] The precipitant is NaOH, MgO, CaCO 3 And the process according to any one of [99] to [103] above, which is selected from the group consisting of a mixture thereof.
[105] The precipitant is CaCO 3 The process according to any one of [99] to [103] above.
[106] The method of any one of [99] to [105], wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining a pH value of less than 2. Process.
[107] The above [99] to [105], wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining the pH at a value of about 1 to about 2. The process according to any one of the above.
[108] Any one of [99] to [107], wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining a redox potential of about +380 mV. The process described.
[109] reacting the composition with the precipitant, thereby substantially selectively precipitating the first rare earth element and the first rare metal contained in the precipitate so formed; The process according to any one of [99] to [108], comprising a step of recovering the precipitate.
[110] The process according to [109], further comprising leaching the precipitate to obtain a leaching solution.
[111] The process of [110] above, wherein the precipitate is leached with HCl.
[112] The process of [111] above, wherein the HCl has a concentration of about 5 to about 15 mol / L.
[113] The leaching solution is further extracted with an extractant, so that the first rare earth element and the first rare metal are substantially selectively extracted to obtain a loaded organic phase, [110] To [112].
[114] The process of the above-mentioned [113], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[115] The process according to [113], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[116] The process of [113] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene and is in the presence of isodecanol.
[117] The method according to any one of [113] to [116], further including a step of washing the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, thereby collecting the first rare earth element to obtain a washed organic phase. The process according to one paragraph.
[118] The process of [117], wherein the cleaning solution is an acidic aqueous solution containing HCl at a concentration of about 2 to about 12 mol / L.
[119] The process of [117] or [118] above, wherein the cleaning solution is used in a ratio of about 1: 1 cleaning solution: loaded organic phase.
[120] The method according to any one of [117] to [119], further comprising a step of stripping the washed organic phase with a stripping solution and, as a result, recovering the first rare metal. process.
[121] The process of [120] above, wherein the stripping solution is water.
[122] The process of [120] or [121] above, wherein the stripping solution is used in a ratio of stripping solution: loaded organic phase of about 1: 2.
[123] reacting the composition with the precipitant, resulting in a liquid comprising at least one additional rare earth element, and the precipitate comprising the first rare earth element and the first rare metal, The process according to any one of [110] to [122], further comprising the step of separating the liquid from a precipitate.
[124] The process of the above-mentioned [123], further comprising the step of reacting the liquid with another precipitating agent, thereby obtaining another precipitate, and collecting the another precipitate.
[125] The process of [124] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent at a pH of about 7.8 to about 8.2.
[126] The process of [124] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent at a pH of about 7.9 to about 8.1.
[127] The process of any one of [124] to [126], wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent by maintaining a redox potential at about +340 mV.
[128] The process of any one of [124] to [126], wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent by maintaining a redox potential at about +380 mV.
[129] The process of any one of [124] to [128] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent by maintaining a temperature of about 50 to about 70 ° C.
[130] The other precipitant is NaOH, MgO, CaCO. 3 And the process according to any one of [124] to [129] above.
[131] The other precipitant is CaCO 3 The process according to any one of [124] to [129] above.
[132] The process according to any one of [124] to [131], further comprising leaching the another precipitate to obtain a leaching solution containing a second rare earth element.
[133] The process of [132] above, wherein the additional precipitate is leached with HCl.
[134] The leaching solution containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, so that the second rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted and loaded with the second rare earth element. The process according to [132] or [133] above, wherein an organic phase and an aqueous phase containing at least one light rare earth element are obtained.
[135] The process of the above [134], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid.
[136] The process of the above-mentioned [134], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid in kerosene.
[137] The process according to any one of [134] to [136], further including a step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element. .
[138] The method according to [134], further comprising the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element by treating the loaded organic phase with an acidic cleaning solution. ] To [137].
[139] The process of [138] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises 1N HCl.
[140] The process of [138] or [139] above, wherein the third rare earth element is cerium.
[141] A step of treating the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element with an acidic stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip liquid containing the second rare earth element and recovering the strip liquid. The process according to any one of [138] to [140] above.
[142] The process of the above [141], wherein the strip solution contains 3.5N HCl.
[143] The strip liquid containing the second rare earth element is treated with an extractant, so that the fourth rare earth element and, optionally, the fifth rare earth element are substantially selectively extracted from the strip liquid. The process according to [141] or [142], further comprising a step of obtaining an extraction residue containing the second rare earth element.
[144] The process of the above-mentioned [143], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[145] The process of [143] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[146] The process according to any one of [143] to [145], wherein the fourth rare earth element is dysprosium.
[147] The process according to any one of [143] to [146], wherein the fifth rare earth element is erbium.
[148] The organic phase containing the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element is reacted with a strip solution, so that the fourth (fifth) rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are reacted. The process according to any one of [143] to [147], further including a step of obtaining a strip solution containing:
[149] The process of the above [148], wherein the strip solution is water.
[150] The process according to any one of [134] to [149], wherein the second rare earth element is yttrium.
[151] The leaching solution containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, so that the second rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted and loaded with the second rare earth element. The process according to [132] or [133] above, wherein an extraction phase containing an organic phase and at least one light rare earth element is obtained.
[152] The process according to [151], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[153] The process according to [151] or [152], further including a step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element.
[154] The method according to [151], further comprising: at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element by treating the loaded organic phase with an acidic cleaning solution. ] To [153].
[155] The process of [154] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 1 N to about 2 N HCl.
[156] The above [154] or [156], further comprising a step of treating the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element with a stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip liquid containing the second rare earth element. 155].
[157] The process of [156] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[158] The strip liquid containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, and as a result, the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are taken out, thereby containing the second rare earth element. The process according to [156] or [157] above, wherein the extraction residue and a loaded organic phase comprising the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are obtained.
[159] The process of the above [158], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[160] The process of [158] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[161] The process according to any one of [158] to [160], including a step of recovering the extraction residue containing the second rare earth element.
[162] The process according to any one of [158] to [160], wherein the second rare earth element is yttrium.
[163] The process according to any one of [158] to [162], wherein the fourth rare earth element is dysprosium.
[164] The process according to any one of [158] to [162], wherein the fifth rare earth element is erbium.
[165] A strip containing the fourth rare earth element and the fifth rare earth element is reacted with a stripping solution to result in the strip containing the fourth rare earth element and the fifth rare earth element. The process according to any one of [158] to [164], further comprising a step of obtaining a liquid.
[166] The process of the above [165], wherein the stripping solution is water.
[167] reacting the strip liquid with an extractant, so that the fifth rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted from the strop liquid, thereby containing the fourth rare earth element; The process of [165] or [166] above, further comprising obtaining a residue and a loaded organic phase comprising the fifth rare earth element.
[168] The process according to [167] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[169] Separating the extracted residue from the loaded organic phase containing the fifth rare earth element, treating the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom, and then the loading The process according to the above [167] or [168], further comprising a step of treating the organic phase with a stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip liquid containing the fifth rare earth element.
[170] The process of [169] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 2M to about 4M HCl.
[171] The process of [169] or [170] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[172] The process according to any one of [151] to [153], wherein the extraction residue and the extraction residue are reacted to oxidize the third rare earth element.
[173] The process of [172] above, wherein the oxidizing agent comprises sodium hypochlorite.
[174] The process according to [172] or [173] above, wherein the extraction residue is reacted with an oxidizing agent at a pH of about 0.5 to about 1.5.
[175] The above [172] to [174], further comprising the step of removing the oxidized third rare earth element in the form of a precipitate from the extraction residue, thereby obtaining a filtrate containing the sixth rare earth element. The process according to any one of the above.
[176] reacting the filtrate with an extractant, so that the sixth rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted from the filtrate, thereby loading the loaded organic phase containing the sixth rare earth element and the first Further comprising the step of obtaining another extraction residue comprising 7 rare earth elements and an eighth rare earth element and separating the loaded organic phase comprising the sixth rare earth element from the extraction residue. The process according to [175].
[177] The process according to [176] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[178] Treating the loaded organic phase with a cleaning solution, thereby removing impurities therefrom, and then treating the loaded organic phase with a stripping solution, resulting in the sixth rare earth element. The process according to [176] or [177] above, wherein a strip solution is obtained.
[179] The process of [178] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 0.5 M to about 1.5 M HCl.
[180] The process of [178] or [179] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 2M to about 3M HCl.
[181] The process according to any one of [176] to [180], wherein the sixth rare earth element is europium.
[182] The process according to any one of [176] to [181], wherein the seventh rare earth element is praseodymium.
[183] The process according to any one of [176] to [182], wherein the eighth (eigth) rare earth element is neodymium.
[184] The process according to any one of [176] to [183], further including a step of reducing the sixth rare earth element with a reducing agent.
[185] The process according to [184], wherein the reducing agent is zinc (0).
[186] The above [176] to [185], further comprising the step of reacting the sixth rare earth element with sodium sulfate, thereby obtaining the sulfate derivative in the form of a precipitate and recovering the precipitate. The process according to any one of the above.
[187] The extraction residue containing the seventh rare earth element and the eighth (eight) rare earth element is reacted with an extractant, so that the eighth (eight) rare earth element is extracted from the extraction residue. Extracting substantially selectively, thereby obtaining a loaded organic phase comprising the eighth (eight) rare earth element and an extractable residue comprising the seventh rare earth element, wherein the eighth (eight) rare earth element is obtained. The process according to any one of [176] to [186], further comprising the step of separating the charged organic phase comprising: from the extraction residue.
[188] The process according to [187], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[189] Treating the loaded organic phase with a wash solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom, and then treating the loaded organic phase with a stripping solution, resulting in the eighth (eight) rare earth The process according to [187] or [188] above, further comprising a step of obtaining a strip solution containing an element.
[190] The process of [189] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 2M to about 3M HCl.
[191] The process of [189] or [190] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[192] The process according to any one of [1] to [191], further including a step of pretreating or treating the acidic composition with an ion exchange resin and, as a result, removing impurities.
[193] Before extracting at least one rare earth element and optionally at least one rare metal from the acidic composition, the acidic composition is treated with an ion exchange resin so that impurities are at least partially removed therefrom. The process according to any one of [1] to [192], further including a step of taking out the step.
[194] Treating the at least one rare earth element and optionally the at least one rare metal extracted by the process with a plasma torch, so that the at least one rare earth element and optionally the at least one rare metal The process according to any one of [1] to [92], further including a step of further purifying the rare metal.
[195] A process for recovering at least one rare earth element,
(I) an acidic composition comprising at least one rare earth element and optionally at least one rare metal; and (ii) obtaining at least one metal ion;
The at least one metal ion is at least partially removed from the acidic composition by an extractant, an ion exchange resin and / or by reacting the composition with a reducing agent, thereby providing the at least one type of at least one metal ion. Obtaining a composition having a reduced content of metal ions;
Reacting the composition having the reduced content of the at least one metal ion with a precipitating agent, thereby substantially selectively precipitating the first rare earth element and possibly the first rare metal;
Including processes.
[196] The process of [195] above, wherein the acidic composition comprises (i) the at least one rare earth element and the at least one rare metal.
[197] The extractant is selected from tributyl phosphate, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (HDEHP), bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid and 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester The process according to [195] or [196] above.
[198] The process of [195] or [196] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[199] The process of [195] or [196] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[200] The at least one metal ion is at least one aluminum ion, at least one zinc ion, at least one copper ion, at least one nickel ion, at least one magnesium ion, at least one kind. The process according to any one of [195] to [199], comprising a titanium ion and / or at least one iron ion.
[201] The process according to any one of [195] to [200], wherein the first rare earth element is scandium.
[202] The process of any one of [195] to [201] above, wherein the acidic composition comprises at least one rare metal.
[203] The composition in which the content of the at least one metal ion is decreased is reacted with the precipitant, and as a result, the first rare earth element and the first rare metal are substantially selectively reacted. The process of [202] above, comprising a precipitation step.
[204] The process according to any one of [195] to [203], wherein the first rare metal is gallium.
[205] The precipitant is NaOH, MgO, CaCO 3 And the process according to any one of the above [195] to [204], selected from
[206] The precipitant is CaCO 3 The process according to any one of [195] to [204] above.
[207] The method of any one of [195] to [206], wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining a pH value of less than 2. Process.
[208] The above [195] to [206], wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining the pH at a value of about 1 to about 2. The process according to any one of the above.
[209] Any one of [195] to [206] above, wherein the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal are substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining a redox potential of about +380 mV. The process described in the section.
[210] The composition having a reduced content of the at least one metal ion is reacted with the precipitant, and as a result, the first rare earth element and the first contained in the precipitate thus formed. The process according to any one of [195] to [209], including a step of substantially selectively precipitating a rare metal and recovering the precipitate.
[211] The process according to [210], further comprising leaching the precipitate to obtain a leaching solution.
[212] The process of [211] above, wherein the precipitate is leached with HCl.
[213] The said leaching solution is further extracted with an extractant, so that the first rare earth element and the first rare metal are substantially selectively extracted to obtain a loaded organic phase, [211] Or the process according to [212].
[214] The process of [213], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[215] The process according to [213] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[216] The process of [213] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene and is in the presence of isodecanol.
[217] Any of the above [214] to [216], further comprising a step of washing the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, and as a result, collecting the first rare earth element to obtain a washed organic phase. The process according to one paragraph.
[218] The process of [217] above, wherein the cleaning solution is an acidic aqueous solution comprising HCl at a concentration of about 2 to about 12 mol / L.
[219] The process of [217] or [218] above, wherein the cleaning solution is used in a ratio of about 1: 1 cleaning solution: loaded organic phase.
[220] The method of any one of [217] to [219], further comprising stripping the washed organic phase with a stripping solution, thereby recovering the first rare metal. process.
[221] The process of [220] above, wherein the stripping solution is water.
[222] The process of [220] or [221] above, wherein the stripping solution is used in a ratio of about 1: 2 stripping solution: loaded organic phase.
[223] The composition having a reduced content of the at least one metal ion is reacted with the precipitating agent, and as a result, the liquid containing at least one further rare earth element, the first rare earth element, and the first The process according to any one of [207] to [222], further comprising the step of obtaining the precipitate containing one rare metal and separating the liquid from the precipitate.
[224] The process of the above [223], further comprising the step of reacting the liquid with another precipitating agent, thereby obtaining another precipitate, and collecting the other precipitate.
[225] The process of [224] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent at a pH of about 7.8 to about 8.2.
[226] The process of [224] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent at a pH of about 7.9 to about 8.1.
[227] The process of any one of [224] to [226] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the other precipitating agent by maintaining a redox potential at about +340 mV.
[228] The process of any one of [224] to [226] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the other precipitating agent by maintaining a redox potential at about +380 mV.
[229] The process of any one of [224] to [228] above, wherein the liquid is reacted with the another precipitating agent by maintaining a temperature of about 50 to about 70 ° C.
[230] The other precipitant is NaOH, MgO, CaCO. 3 And the process according to any one of the above [224] to [229], which is selected from the following:
[231] The precipitant is CaCO 3 The process according to any one of [224] to [229] above.
[232] The process according to any one of [224] to [231], further comprising leaching the another precipitate to obtain a leaching solution containing a second rare earth element.
[233] The process of [232] above, wherein the additional precipitate is leached with HCl.
[234] The leaching solution containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, so that the second rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted and loaded with the second rare earth element. The process according to [232] or [233], further comprising obtaining an organic phase and an aqueous phase containing at least one light rare earth element.
[235] The process of [234] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid.
[236] The process according to [234] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid in kerosene.
[237] The process according to any one of [234] to [236], further including the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element. .
[238] The method according to [234], further comprising the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element by treating the loaded organic phase with an acidic cleaning solution. ] To [236].
[239] The process of [238] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises 1N HCl.
[240] The process according to [238] or [239] above, wherein the third rare earth element is cerium.
[241] A step of treating the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element with an acidic stripping solution, resulting in a strip liquid containing the second rare earth element, and collecting the strip liquid. The process according to any one of [238] to [240] above.
[242] The process according to [241], wherein the strip solution contains 3.5N HCl.
[243] Treating the strip solution containing the second rare earth element with an extractant, so that the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are substantially selectively extracted from the strip solution. The process according to [241] or [242], further comprising a step of obtaining an extraction residue containing the second rare earth element.
[244] The process according to [243] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[245] The process of [243] above, wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[246] The process according to any one of [243] to [245], wherein the fourth rare earth element is dysprosium.
[247] The process according to any one of [243] to [245], wherein the fifth rare earth element is erbium.
[248] The organic phase containing the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element is reacted with a strip solution, so that the fourth (fifth) rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are reacted. The process according to any one of the above [243] to [247], further comprising a step of obtaining a strip solution comprising:
[249] The process of the above [248], wherein the strip solution is water.
[250] The process according to any one of [234] to [249], wherein the second rare earth element is yttrium.
[251] The leaching solution containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, and as a result, the second rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted and loaded with the second rare earth element. The process according to [232] or [233] above, wherein an extraction phase containing an organic phase and at least one light rare earth element is obtained.
[252] The process according to [251], wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[253] The process according to [251] or [252], further including the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element.
[254] The above [251] further comprising the step of at least partially removing the third rare earth element from the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element by treating the loaded organic phase with an acidic cleaning solution. ] To [253].
[255] The process of [254] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 1 N to about 2 N HCl.
[256] The above [254] or [256], further comprising a step of treating the loaded organic phase containing the second rare earth element with a stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip liquid containing the second rare earth element. 255].
[257] The process of [256] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[258] The strip liquid containing the second rare earth element is extracted with an extractant, and as a result, the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are taken out, thereby containing the second rare earth element. The process according to [256] or [257] above, wherein the extraction residue and the loaded organic phase comprising the fourth rare earth element and optionally the fifth rare earth element are obtained.
[259] The process of the above [258], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate.
[260] The process of the above [258], wherein the extractant is tributyl phosphate in kerosene.
[261] The process according to any one of [258] to [260], including a step of recovering the extraction residue including the second rare earth element.
[262] The process according to any one of [258] to [261], wherein the second rare earth element is yttrium.
[263] The process according to any one of [258] to [262], wherein the fourth rare earth element is dysprosium.
[264] The process according to any one of [258] to [263], wherein the fifth rare earth element is erbium.
[265] A strip containing the fourth rare earth element and the fifth rare earth element is reacted with a stripping solution to result in the strip containing the fourth rare earth element and the fifth rare earth element. The process according to any one of [258] to [264], further comprising a step of obtaining a liquid.
[266] The process of [265] above, wherein the stripping solution is water.
[267] reacting the strip liquid with an extractant, so that the fifth rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted from the strop liquid, thereby containing the fourth rare earth element; The process of [265] or [266], further comprising obtaining a residue and a loaded organic phase comprising the fifth rare earth element.
[268] The process of [267] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[269] Separating the extracted residue from the loaded organic phase containing the fifth rare earth element, treating the loaded organic phase with a wash solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom, and then the loading The process according to [267] or [268], further comprising treating the organic phase with a stripping solution, thereby obtaining a strip solution containing the fifth rare earth element.
[270] The process of [269] above, wherein the wash solution comprises about 2M to about 4M HCl.
[271] The process of [269] or [270] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[272] The process according to any one of [251] to [253], wherein the extraction residue is reacted with an oxidant, and as a result, the third rare earth element is oxidized.
[273] The process of [272] above, wherein the oxidizing agent comprises sodium hypochlorite.
[274] The process of [272] or [273] above, wherein the extraction residue is reacted with an oxidizing agent at a pH of about 0.5 to about 1.5.
[275] The method according to any one of [272] to [274], further comprising a step of removing the oxidized third rare earth element in the form of a precipitate from the extraction residue, thereby obtaining a filtrate containing the sixth rare earth element. The process according to any one of the above.
[276] reacting the filtrate with an extractant, so that the sixth rare earth element is substantially selectively extracted from the filtrate, thereby loading the loaded organic phase containing the sixth rare earth element and Further comprising the step of obtaining another extraction residue comprising 7 rare earth elements and an eighth rare earth element and separating the loaded organic phase comprising the sixth rare earth element from the extraction residue. The process according to [275].
[277] The process according to [276] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[278] Treating the loaded organic phase with a wash solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom, and then treating the loaded organic phase with a stripping solution, thereby including the sixth rare earth element The process according to [276] or [277] above, further comprising a step of obtaining a strip solution.
[279] The process of [278] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 0.5 M to about 1.5 M HCl.
[280] The process of [278] or [279] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 2M to about 3M HCl.
[281] The process according to any one of [276] to [280], wherein the sixth rare earth element is europium.
[282] The process according to any one of [276] to [281], wherein the seventh rare earth element is praseodymium.
[283] The process according to any one of [276] to [282], wherein the eighth (eigth) rare earth element is neodymium.
[284] The process according to any one of [276] to [283], further including a step of reducing the sixth rare earth element with a reducing agent.
[285] The process according to [284], wherein the reducing agent is zinc (0).
[286] The above [276] to [285], further comprising the step of reacting the sixth rare earth element with sodium sulfate, thereby obtaining the sulfate derivative in the form of a precipitate and recovering the precipitate. The process according to any one of the above.
[287] The extraction residue containing the seventh rare earth element and the eighth (eight) rare earth element is reacted with an extractant, so that the eighth (eight) rare earth element is removed from the extraction residue. Extracting substantially selectively, thereby obtaining a loaded organic phase containing the eighth (eight) rare earth element and an extraction residue containing the seventh rare earth element, and the eighth (eight) rare earth element. The process according to any one of [276] to [285], further comprising separating the loaded organic phase comprising: from the extraction residue.
[288] The process of [287] above, wherein the extractant is di (ethylhexyl) phosphonic acid or di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid.
[289] Treating the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, so that impurities are removed therefrom, and then treating the loaded organic phase with a stripping solution, so that the eighth rare earth The process according to [287] or [288], further including a step of obtaining a strip solution containing an element.
[290] The process of [289] above, wherein the cleaning solution comprises about 2M to about 3M HCl.
[291] The process of [289] or [290] above, wherein the stripping solution comprises about 3M to about 4M HCl.
[292] The above [195] to [291], wherein the at least one metal ion is an ion of a metal selected from aluminum, iron, zinc, copper, nickel, magnesium and titanium. process.
[293] The process according to any one of [195] to [292], further including a step of pretreating or treating the acidic composition with an ion exchange resin and, as a result, removing impurities.
[294] Prior to extracting at least one rare earth element and optionally at least one rare metal from the acidic composition, the acidic composition is treated with an ion exchange resin so that impurities are at least partially removed therefrom. [195] The process according to any one of [195] to [293], further including a step of taking out.
[295] Treating the at least one rare earth element and optionally the at least one rare metal extracted by the process with a plasma torch, so that the at least one rare earth element and optionally the at least one rare metal. The process according to any one of [195] to [294], further including a step of further purifying the rare metal.
  According to one aspect, a process for recovering at least one rare earth element comprising:
  (I) obtaining an acidic composition comprising at least one rare earth element and optionally at least one rare metal;
  Reacting the composition with a precipitating agent, thereby substantially selectively precipitating the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal;
A process is provided.

Claims (15)

少なくとも１種の希土類元素を回収するプロセスであって、
（ｉ）少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって少なくとも１種のレアメタル並びに（ｉｉ）少なくとも１種の鉄イオンを含む酸性組成物を得る工程と；
抽出剤、イオン交換（echange）樹脂によって及び／又は前記組成物を還元剤と反応させることによって前記酸性組成物から前記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンを少なくとも部分的に取り出し、それによって前記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した組成物を得る工程と；
前記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した前記組成物を沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、そのように形成された沈殿物中に含まれる第１の希土類元素及び場合によって第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に沈殿させる工程と；
前記沈殿物を回収する工程と
を含むプロセス。 A process for recovering at least one rare earth element,
(I) obtaining an acidic composition comprising at least one rare earth element and optionally at least one rare metal and (ii) at least one iron ion;
The at least one iron ion is at least partially removed from the acidic composition by an extractant, ion exchange resin and / or by reacting the composition with a reducing agent, thereby providing the at least one type of at least one Obtaining a composition having a reduced content of iron ions;
Reacting the composition having a reduced content of the at least one iron ion with a precipitant, so that the first rare earth element and optionally the first rare metal contained in the precipitate so formed Substantially selectively precipitating ; and
Recovering the precipitate . 前記酸性組成物が（ｉ）前記少なくとも１種の希土類元素及び場合によって前記少なくとも１種のレアメタル並びに（ｉｉ）ＦｅＣｌ３を含む、請求項１に記載のプロセス。 The process of claim 1, wherein the acidic composition comprises (i) the at least one rare earth element and optionally the at least one rare metal and (ii) FeCl 3 . 前記抽出剤が、トリブチルホスフェート、ジ−２−エチルヘキシルリン酸（ＨＤＥＨＰ）、ビス（２，４，４−トリメチルペンチル）ホスフィン酸及び２−エチルヘキシルホスホン酸モノ−２−エチルヘキシルエステルから選ばれる、請求項１に記載のプロセス。 The extractant is selected from tributyl phosphate, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphate (HDEHP), bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid and 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester. The process according to 1 . 前記酸性組成物をＦｅ（０）と反応させ、それによってＦｅ３＋の含有率が低下した組成物を得る、請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 4. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the acidic composition is reacted with Fe (0), thereby obtaining a composition with a reduced content of Fe3 + . 前記第１の希土類元素がスカンジウムである、請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the first rare earth element is scandium. 前記第１のレアメタルがガリウムである、請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the first rare metal is gallium. 前記沈殿剤が、シュウ酸、ＮａＯＨ、ＭｇＯ、ＣａＣＯ３及びその混合物から選ばれる、請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 The precipitating agent is oxalic acid, NaOH, MgO, selected from CaCO 3 and mixtures thereof, The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 前記沈殿剤がシュウ酸である、請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the precipitating agent is oxalic acid . 前記第１の希土類元素及び前記第１のレアメタルが、２未満のｐＨ値の維持により実質的に選択的に沈殿される、請求項１から８のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 Wherein the first rare earth element及beauty before Symbol first rare metal is substantially selectively precipitated by maintaining less than two pH values, the process according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 前記第１の希土類元素及び前記第１のレアメタルが、約＋３８０ｍＶの酸化還元電位の維持により実質的に選択的に沈殿される、請求項１から８のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 Wherein the first rare earth element及beauty before Symbol first rare metal is from about + 380 mV substantially selectively precipitated by the maintenance of the redox potential of the process according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 前記沈殿物を浸出し浸出溶液を得る工程をさらに含む、請求項１から１０のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。 11. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , further comprising leaching the precipitate to obtain a leaching solution. 前記沈殿物がＨＣｌで浸出される、請求項１１に記載のプロセス。 The process of claim 11 , wherein the precipitate is leached with HCl. 前記浸出溶液が抽出剤でさらに抽出され、その結果、前記第１の希土類元素及び前記第１のレアメタルを実質的に選択的に抽出し、装填した有機相を得る、請求項１１又は１２に記載のプロセス。 The leach solution is further extracted with the extraction agent, so that the first rare earth element and the first rare metal substantially selectively extract to obtain the loaded organic phase, according to claim 11 or 12 Process. 前記装填した有機相を洗浄溶液で洗浄し、その結果、前記第１の希土類元素を回収し洗浄された有機相を得る工程をさらに含む、請求項１３に記載のプロセス。 14. The process of claim 13 , further comprising the step of washing the loaded organic phase with a washing solution, thereby recovering the first rare earth element to obtain a washed organic phase. 前記少なくとも１種の鉄イオンの含有率が低下した前記組成物を前記沈殿剤と反応させ、その結果、少なくとも１種のさらなる希土類元素並びに前記第１の希土類元素及び前記第１のレアメタルを含む前記沈殿物を含む液体を得、前記液体を前記沈殿物から分離する工程をさらに含む、請求項７に記載のプロセス。 Reacting the composition having a reduced content of the at least one iron ion with the precipitating agent, thereby including at least one further rare earth element and the first rare earth element and the first rare metal; 8. The process of claim 7 , further comprising obtaining a liquid comprising a precipitate and separating the liquid from the precipitate.
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