JP2015512493A - Modular common rail fuel injector injector with flow restrictor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an injector (1) of a modular type common rail fuel injection device, which includes a pressure accumulator (6) incorporated in an injector body, and the injector (1) includes an injection nozzle ( 2), the injection nozzle comprising a nozzle needle (15) guided in an axially slidable manner and surrounded by a nozzle chamber (19), the injector further comprising the pressure accumulator And a holding body (5) for connecting the vessel (6) to the nozzle (19) chamber, and the holding body (5) is provided on the end face side with the pressure accumulator (6). ), In particular the pressure accumulator pipe (25), the high-pressure line (8) extends through the holding body, and the accumulator (6) as seen in the flow direction. Behind the pressure accumulator (6) to the injection nozzle (2) About of the type flow restrictor for limiting the amount of fuel to be fed (26) is arranged. The flow restrictor (26) is configured as a unique component, and the component is fitted between the holding body (5) and the pressure accumulating pipe (25), and The holding body (5) and the pressure accumulating tube (25) are fixed by screwing. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is an injector of a modular type common rail fuel injection device having a pressure accumulator built into an injector body, the injector having an injection nozzle, A nozzle needle guided in an axially slidable manner and surrounded by a nozzle chamber, the injector further comprising a high-pressure line connecting the pressure accumulator to the nozzle chamber and a holding body; The holding body is, on the end surface side, screwed to a component forming the pressure accumulator, in particular, a pressure accumulating pipe, and a high-pressure pipe extends through the holding body. The present invention relates to a type in which a flow rate restrictor for restricting the amount of fuel pumped from the pressure accumulator to the injection nozzle is disposed behind the vessel.

  This type of injector is described in Patent Document 1.

  A modular common race system is characterized in that a portion of the pressure accumulation volume present in the system resides within the injector itself. Modular common rail systems are used especially for large engines, where individual injectors are sometimes mounted at a large distance from one another. Using only one common rail for all injectors is not reasonable in such an engine. This is because a significant drop in the injection pressure can occur during injection based on a long line, so that the injection rate is significantly reduced at long injection times. Therefore, in such an engine, the pressure accumulator is arranged inside each injector. Such a structural scheme is called a modular construction because each individual injector has its own accumulator, thereby being used as a self-supporting module. In this case, the pressure accumulator is not a general pipe line but an airtight container having a supply pipe or a lead-out pipe having a remarkably large diameter as compared with a high-pressure pipe, and therefore, a pressure drop is not caused. A predetermined injection amount is delivered from the pressure accumulator without being generated immediately.

  In common race systems, leakage may occur in the pipeline system or due to a failed injection valve under unfavorable conditions. An injection valve with a fixed nozzle needle that provides continuous injection into the combustion chamber causes significant damage. Such damage results in a vehicle fire or engine breakdown. In order to avoid such a risk, a flow restrictor having a closing function is known. When this maximum flow rate from the pressure accumulator is exceeded, the flow restrictor closes the inlet leading to the injector, thereby shutting off the high pressure on the injection pump side from the injection valve side.

  The flow restrictor is disposed in front of the pressure accumulation volume in an injector having an integrated pressure accumulator in most cases when viewed in the flow direction. In so-called top-feed injectors (fuel is supplied via the injector accumulator connection located above the accumulator), the flow restrictor is usually attached to the upper end of the injector. In so-called side-feed injectors (fuel is supplied via a lance “Lanze” that abuts the side of the injector), the flow restrictor is usually arranged in a T-shaped member in front of the pressure tube sleeve. Has been. Moreover, the arrangement | positioning by which a flow restrictor is arrange | positioned behind the pressure accumulation volume seeing in a flow direction is also obtained. In this case, the flow restrictor housing is pushed into the injector holder or is assembled into the holder by a fixing ring.

  The flow restrictor arranged in front of the accumulator volume in the flow direction has the disadvantage that it is limited in principle and can only be adjusted very inaccurately. This is due to the dead time and damping action of the pressure accumulation volume, and to various fuel parameters such as temperature and viscosity or fuel type (diesel or heavy oil). Another disadvantage of the flow restrictor placed in front of the accumulator volume in the flow direction is that a significant amount of fuel is injected further when the restrictor is closed based on the expansion volume of the accumulator. is there. Such characteristics are always regarded as very dangerous, especially in the very old operation of large marine motors. Moreover, when the flow restrictor is attached to the upper end of the top feed injector, the mass increases, thereby reducing the vibration resistance load capacity of the injector. In the side feed type injector, an expensive T-shaped member is required. Thus, two different solutions are required for the two injector schemes, which increases the diversity of the components.

  The flow restrictor assembled after the pressure accumulation volume when viewed in the flow direction requires a press fit in the holding body in the push-in assembly structure, or a complicated drilling part when assembling with the fixing ring. And Both configurations are very disadvantageous in terms of fatigue resistance during the excessive pressure loads common in common rail systems. In other words, in a system with a line pressure of 2200 bar (bar), pressure loads up to 2500 bar (bar) are observed.

German Republic Patent Publication No. 10210282

  The object of the present invention is therefore to increase the fatigue resistance, in which case a special press fit and recess for the fixing ring in the holding body, or an additional dangerous drilling cutting part must be avoided. Don't be. Also, one and the same structural design should be used for the top feed injector and the side feed injector. Overall, a configuration with a functionally optimal flow restrictor can be obtained at the same component cost as in the prior art without adversely affecting the high pressure capacity of the holding body or accumulator. Don't be.

  In order to solve this problem, according to the present invention, in the injector of the type described at the beginning, the flow restrictor is mainly configured as a specific component, and the component includes the holding body and the pressure accumulating tube. The holding body and the pressure accumulating tube are fixed by screwing. By fitting the flow restrictor between the holding body and the accumulator tube, the advantage of the flow restrictor incorporated behind the accumulator volume when viewed in the flow direction is utilized. Since the flow restrictor is fitted between the holding body and the accumulator tube, and the holding body and the accumulator tube are fixed by screw connection, the necessity of pushing in and the necessity of fixing using the fixing ring are required. And a very simple structure with high fatigue resistance is obtained. In this case, the flow restrictor component is held only by the axial force generated when the holding body and the accumulator pipe are screwed together, and requires other fixing means between these two components. Without anything, it will be tightened.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the torque acting on the flow restrictor component when screwing the holding body and the accumulator tube does not cause the flow restrictor component to rotate. For example, the holder and the flow restrictor component are prevented from rotating by the axial fixing pin.

  On the one hand, the flow restrictor component preferably has a shoulder with a conical first sealing surface in order to securely hold the flow restrictor component and on the other hand to obtain a high-pressure gas-tight connection. The first sealing surface cooperates with the conical sealing surface formed in the step portion of the pressure accumulating tube.

  Further, in the high-pressure airtight coupling, the flow restrictor component has a conical second sealing surface on the end surface side facing the holding body, and this second sealing surface is the end surface side of the holding body. This is obtained by cooperating with a conical sealing surface formed on the surface. In this case, the arrangement of the rotation preventing member configured as a fixed pin is omitted.

  When a conical sealing surface is provided between the flow restrictor component and the holder, in the top-feed injector, the flow restrictor does not need to be directly connected to the high-pressure hole of the holder, A conical second sealing surface of the flow restrictor component may be configured to define a hollow chamber formed between the retainer and the flow restrictor component. In this case, the connection is made through this hollow chamber. This extends through the holding body another high-pressure line connected in parallel to the high-pressure line, which is connected on the one hand to the nozzle chamber and on the other hand to the pressure accumulator. This is particularly advantageous. In this case, both the high-pressure line and the other high-pressure line open into the hollow chamber, so that fuel flowing through the flow restrictor is supplied to the two lines.

  In this case, particularly preferably, another high-pressure line is configured as a resonance line, and this resonance line is connected to the pressure accumulator via a resonance restrictor.

  The fluid connection between the flow restrictor and the two high-pressure lines is optionally selected by means of a flow restrictor via a perforated cutting where a high-pressure line and another high-pressure line are formed in the flow restrictor component. It may be done as if connected. Such a configuration is particularly for side-feed injectors where it is necessary to prevent fuel from flowing directly into the injection nozzle (bypass of the flow restrictor) from the side fuel inlet when the flow restrictor is closed. Is also advantageous.

  In the side feed type injector, the connection between the fuel supply section and the pressure accumulator is preferably such that the injector has a side connection section for fuel supply, and this connection section is connected to the inflow hole. The first section of the inlet hole is formed in the holding body, and the second section of the inlet hole penetrates the flow restrictor component in the axial direction. In this case, the flow restrictor component has a flat second seal surface on the end surface side facing the holding body, and the second seal surface cooperates with the flat end surface side of the holding body. This avoids bypassing the flow restrictor.

  By configuring the flow restrictor as a unique component, the degree of freedom in the structural configuration of the flow restrictor is increased. In this connection, it is preferred that the flow restrictor component is longitudinally between the housing having a housing inlet on the pressure accumulator side and a housing outlet on the holder side, and between an initial position and an end position in the housing chamber. A closing member that is slidable and spring-biased against the flow direction, the closing member fluidly connecting the housing inlet and the housing outlet to each other via a passage having at least one restriction. The connecting and closing member is further adapted to control the connecting flow path between the housing inlet and the housing outlet. In particular, a securing ring secured within the flow restrictor component may be configured to define the initial position of the closure member.

  The present invention further comprises a flow restrictor component for use in an injector according to the present invention comprising a flow restrictor, the flow restrictor comprising an inlet on the pressure accumulator side and an outlet on the holder side; At least one passage having a restriction in the chamber, the closure member being longitudinally slidable between an initial position and an end position and spring-biased against the flow direction In this type, the inlet and the outlet are fluidly connected to each other via a pipe and the connection flow path between the inlet and the outlet is controlled. The flow restrictor component has an inlet first axial section and an outlet second axial section, the second section being larger than the first section. The second section has a conical first sealing surface on the shoulder, and a second sealing surface on the end surface opposite to the first sealing surface. The second seal surfaces can be pressed against the opposing surfaces. By placing the sealing surface in the second section having the enlarged diameter, the flow restrictor component is fitted between the holding body and the accumulator tube, and by screwing the holding body to the accumulator tube, Securely fixed. In this case, the first section enters the accumulator chamber and is loaded with fuel pressure.

  In this case, according to a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the first sealing surface is spaced radially from the outer peripheral surface of the first section. This creates an annular gap between the axial first section and the inside of the pressure accumulator in the assembled state of the flow restrictor component, so that the fuel pressure is only inside, i.e. within the flow restrictor. However, the pressure correction region can be obtained because it also works from the outside.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the injector of the modular type common rail fuel-injection apparatus by a prior art. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 1st Example in the area | region II of FIG. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 2nd Example. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 3rd Example. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 4th Example.

  The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an injector 1, which has an injection nozzle 2, a throttle plate 3, a valve plate 4, a holding body 5, and a pressure accumulator 6, and is screwed to the holding body 5. The nozzle tightening nut 7 is used to bind the injection nozzle 2, the throttle plate 3, and the valve plate 4. Since the solenoid valve 13 is closed in the non-working state, high-pressure fuel flows from the accumulator 6 into the control chamber 11 of the injection nozzle 2 through the high-pressure line 8, the lateral connection portion 9, and the inflow throttle 10. However, the outflow from the control chamber 11 through the outflow restrictor 12 is blocked at the valve seat of the electromagnetic valve 13. The line pressure existing in the control chamber 11 cooperates with the spring force of the nozzle spring 14 to push the nozzle needle 15 into the nozzle needle seat 16, so that the injection hole 17 is closed. When the electromagnet of the solenoid valve 13 is operated, the flow through the valve seat of the solenoid valve is released, and the fuel is shown from the control chamber 11 through the outlet throttle 12, the solenoid valve mover chamber, and the low pressure hole 18. No flow back into the fuel tank. Within the control chamber 11, the equilibrium pressure defined by the flow cross sections of the inlet throttle 10 and the outlet throttle 12 is adjusted. This equilibrium pressure is so low that the line pressure existing in the nozzle chamber 19 can open the nozzle needle 15 guided so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction in the nozzle body, so that the injection hole 17 is released and the injection is performed. Is done.

  As soon as the solenoid valve 13 is closed, the fuel outflow path is blocked by the outflow throttle 12. Fuel pressure is again formed in the control chamber 11 via the inflow restrictor 10. This fuel pressure reduces the fluid pressure acting on the pressure shoulder of the nozzle needle 15 and produces an additional closing force that exceeds the spring force of the nozzle spring 14. The nozzle needle 15 closes the path leading to the injection hole 17, thereby ending the injection process.

  In parallel with the high-pressure line 8, a resonance line 20 having a resonance throttle 21 on the pressure accumulator side is arranged, and the generated pressure peak is quickly reduced by the resonance throttle 21.

  The supply of high-pressure fuel from a high-pressure pump (not shown in detail) into the injector 1 is performed via a high-pressure connection 22 arranged on the upper side of the injector 1 (top-feed injector). Alternatively, the fuel supply may take place via the injector 1, in particular the high-pressure connection 23 arranged on the side of the holding body 5, and the inflow hole 24 leading to the pressure accumulator 6 (side feed injector).

  2 to 5 show details of part X of FIG. 1 with a flow restrictor arranged between the pressure accumulator 25, the pressure accumulator 6 and the holding body 5. 2 to 5 is common in that the flow restrictor is formed in a unique flow restrictor component 26. The flow restrictor component 26 has a first axial section 27 and a second axial section 28, in which case the second axial section 28 is a first axial section 27. Has a larger outer diameter. The flow restrictor component 26 has a shoulder with a conical first sealing surface 29 in the second axial section 28, the first sealing surface 29 being a stepped portion of the accumulator 25. Cooperates with a conical counter sealing surface formed at 30. The step portion 30 of the pressure accumulating tube 25 is connected to a thin-walled section 32 having an internal thread 33 of the pressure accumulating tube 25 through an annular groove-shaped notch 31. The flow restrictor component 26 is fitted between the holder 5 and the accumulator 25 and is fixed by screwing these two components. In this case, the flow restrictor component 26 is fixed by the pin 34 so as not to rotate. In the embodiment of FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the seal against the holding body 5 is performed via a face seal. The face seal portion is formed by a flat sealing surface that is formed on the end face side facing the holding body 5 and cooperates with the flat end face of the holding body 5.

  The flow restrictor component 26 has an inlet 36 and an outlet 37. A piston 39 slidably guided in the axial direction is arranged in the chamber 38, and this piston 39 is pressed toward the fixing ring 41 by a pressing spring 40. The piston 39 has a blind hole 42, which is connected on the one hand to the inlet 36 and on the other hand to the outlet 37 via a throttle hole 43. During operation, an injection volume is delivered from the chamber 38. As a result, the piston 39 moves toward the lower seal seat 44 against the spring force, but does not reach the seal seat 44. During the non-injection time, the push spring 40 pushes the piston 39 back to the initial position. In this case, the chamber 38 is filled again via the throttle 43. When the injection amount exceeds a predetermined maximum value, the piston 39 reaches the seal seat 44 and moves until the injection is finished. Due to the throttle 43, a pressure loss is generated between the fuel existing in the blind hole 42 and the chamber 38. When the predetermined throttle flow rate is exceeded, the piston 39 moves toward the lower seal seat 44 against the spring force, thereby terminating the injection.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 2, only one high-pressure line 8 is provided, and this high-pressure line 8 extends through the holding body 5. The fuel passing through the flow restrictor 26 reaches directly into the high-pressure line 8 via the hole section 48.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 3, another high-pressure line 20 is arranged in the holding body 5 in parallel to the high-pressure line 8, and this other high-pressure line 20 is configured as a resonance line. And connected to the fuel supply unit via the resonance restrictor 21. The two high pressure lines 8 and 20 are supplied with fuel through a perforated cut 45 formed in the flow restrictor component 26.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 4, the flow restrictor component 26 can be sealed to the holding body 5 through a conical seal 46 in a top-feed injector. In this case, the pin 34 for preventing rotation can be omitted. The conical sealing surface forming the conical seal 46 defines a hollow chamber 47 in which the outlet 37 opens on the one hand and the high-pressure lines 8 and 20 open on the other hand. Yes.

  The configuration shown in FIG. 5 relates to a side feed type injector. In this side feed type injector, the fuel is stored in the pressure accumulator 6 from the holding body 5 through the inflow hole 24 and through the flow restrictor component 26. Supplied in. In this case, the inflow hole 24 opens into the accumulator 6 through the accumulator throttle 49.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Injector 2 Injection nozzle 3 Restriction plate 4 Valve plate 5 Holding body 6 Accumulator 7 Nozzle clamping nut 8 High pressure line 9 Lateral connection part 10 Inflow throttle 11 Control chamber 12 Outflow throttle 13 Solenoid valve 14 Nozzle spring 15 Nozzle needle 16 Nozzle needle seat 17 Injection hole 18 Low pressure hole 19 Nozzle chamber 20 Another high pressure line, resonance line 21 Resonance restriction 22 High pressure connection part 23 High pressure connection part 24 Inflow hole 25 Pressure accumulating pipe 26 Flow rate restrictor component 27 First Axial section 28 Second axial section 29 First seal surface 30 Step 31 Notch in annular groove 32 Thin wall section 33 Female thread 34 Pin 35 Second seal surface 36 Inlet 37 Outlet 38 Chamber 39 Piston 40 Pressing Spring 41 Fixing Ring 42 Blind Hole 43 Diaphragm (Hole)
44 Seal seat 45 Drilling cutting part 46 Conical seal, second seal surface 47 Hollow chamber 48 Hole segment 49 Accumulator throttle

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the injector of the modular type common rail fuel-injection apparatus by a prior art. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 1st Example in the area | region X of FIG. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 2nd Example. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 3rd Example. It is a figure which shows the detail of the injector by 4th Example.

Claims (19)

An injector of a modular type common rail fuel injection device, having a pressure accumulator built into the injector body, the injector having an injection nozzle, and the injection nozzle sliding inside in the axial direction. A nozzle needle that is movably guided and surrounded by a nozzle chamber, and the injector further includes a high-pressure line connecting the pressure accumulator to the nozzle chamber and a holding body; On the end face side, the components forming the accumulator, in particular screwed to the accumulator, and the high-pressure line extending through the holding body, behind the accumulator as viewed in the flow direction. In the type in which the flow rate limiter for limiting the amount of fuel pumped from the pressure accumulator to the injection nozzle is arranged,
The flow restrictor (26) is configured as a unique component, and the component is fitted between the holding body (5) and the pressure accumulating pipe (25), and the holding body (5 ) And the pressure accumulating pipe (25) are fixed by screwing together. An injector for a modular common rail fuel injection device.   Injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding body (5) and the flow restrictor component (26) are prevented from rotating by an axial pin (34).   The flow restrictor component (26) has a shoulder with a conical first sealing surface (29), the first sealing surface (29) of the pressure accumulating tube (25). Injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by cooperating with a conical sealing surface formed in the step (30).   The flow restrictor component (26) has a conical second sealing surface on the end face side facing the holding body (5), and the second sealing surface is the holding body (5). The injector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the injector cooperates with a conical sealing surface formed on an end surface side of the head.   The conical second sealing surface of the flow restrictor component (26) has a hollow chamber (47) formed between the holder (5) and the flow restrictor component (26). The injector according to claim 4, wherein the injector is defined.   Another high-pressure line (20) connected in parallel to the high-pressure line (8) extends through the holding body (5), and the other high-pressure line (20) 6. Injector according to claim 1, characterized in that it is connected on the one hand to the nozzle chamber (19) and on the other hand to the pressure accumulator (6).   The another high-pressure line (20) is configured as a resonance line, and the resonance line is connected to the pressure accumulator (6) via a resonance restrictor (21). Item 7. The injector according to Item 6.   Injector according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the high-pressure line (8) and the further high-pressure line (20) open into the hollow chamber (47).   The high-pressure line (8) and the another high-pressure line (20) are connected to the flow restrictor via a perforated cutting part (45) formed in the flow restrictor component (26). The injector according to claim 6, wherein the injector is characterized in that:   The injector (1) has a side connection part (23) for supplying fuel, the connection part (23) is connected to the inflow hole (24), and the inflow hole (24). The first section is formed in the holding body (5), and the second section of the inlet hole passes through the flow restrictor component (26) in the axial direction. The injector according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   The flow restrictor component (26) has a flat second seal surface (35) on the end surface side facing the holding body (5), and the second seal surface (35) 11. The injector according to claim 1, wherein the injector cooperates with a flat end face side of the holding body (5).   The flow restrictor component (26) includes a housing having a housing inlet (36) on the pressure accumulator side and a housing outlet (37) on the holder side, and an initial position and an end position in the chamber (38) of the housing. Having a closure member (39) slidable longitudinally therebetween and spring-biased against the flow direction, the closure member (39) having at least one restriction (43) Through which the housing inlet (36) and the housing outlet (37) are fluidly connected to each other, and the closure member (39) is further between the housing inlet (36) and the housing outlet (37). The injector according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the connection flow path is controlled.   13. Injector according to claim 12, characterized in that a fixing ring (41) fixed in the flow restrictor component (26) defines the initial position of the closure member (39). A flow restrictor component (26) for use in an injector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising a flow restrictor, wherein the flow restrictor is an accumulator. The container-side inlet (36), the holder-side outlet (37), and the chamber (38) are slidable in the longitudinal direction between the initial position and the terminal position, and are spring-biased against the flow direction. A closure member (39), the closure member (39) fluidly connecting the inlet (36) and the outlet (37) to each other via at least one passage having a throttle (43); Furthermore, in the type of controlling the connection flow path between the inlet (36) and the outlet (37),
The flow restrictor component (26) has an inlet first axial section (27) and an outlet second axial section (28), the second section (28) has an enlarged diameter relative to the first section (27), and the second section (28) has a conical first sealing surface (29) on the shoulder. And has a second seal surface (35, 46) on the end surface opposite to the first seal surface (29), and the second seal surface can be pressed against the opposing surface. A flow restrictor component characterized by that.   15. A flow restrictor component according to claim 14, characterized in that the second sealing surface (46) is conical.   16. A flow restrictor according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the inner diameter of the first sealing surface (29) is spaced radially from the outer peripheral surface of the first section (27). Component part.   17. A device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that a retaining ring (41) secured in the flow restrictor component (26) defines an initial position of the closure member (39). The flow restrictor component described.   18. The outlet according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the outlet (37) opens into a drilling cut (45) formed in the flow restrictor component (26). The flow restrictor component described.   19. A flow restrictor component according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the second section is penetrated by an inflow hole (24).

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