JP2015508711A - Die for forming container and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a die (10) for forming a metal container, comprising the steps of preparing an expansion die (10) for manufacturing a metal container, and at least a portion of a working surface (12) of the expansion die Peening. Another method of manufacturing a die (30) for forming a metal container includes providing a die (30) for reducing the diameter of the metal container and peening at least a portion of the work surface (32) of the die. Including the step of. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

<Description of related applications>
This patent application claims priority to US Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 600,373, filed February 17, 2012, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

  In the container industry, metal beverage containers having substantially the same shape are produced in large quantities and relatively economically. When expanding the diameter of the container to make a container of a predetermined shape or expanding the diameter of the entire container, several different expansion dies can be used several times to expand each metal container by the desired amount. There is often a need to perform operations. Dies are also used for container necking and molding. Also, it is often necessary to perform several operations using several different necking dies to reduce the desired amount of each metal container.

<Summary of the invention>
An expansion die for manufacturing a metal container has a work surface configured to expand the diameter of the metal container having a closed bottom. The processing surface includes an extended portion and a land portion that gradually expand. The outer diameter of the land is the maximum diameter of the die.

  In some embodiments, a portion of the processing surface of the expansion die has a surface finish, and the area where the surface finish is closed, i.e., the closed void area, is The maximum ratio is approximately 1% to 30%, 4% to 26%, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%. Is one range. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the expansion die land has a surface finish, the surface finish having a maximum void closure area ratio of approximately 1% to 30%, 4%. One range of -26%, 10% -26%, 10% -20%, 10% -15%, and 12-15%. In some embodiments, a portion of the expanding portion of the expanding die has a surface finish, the surface finish having a maximum percentage of void closure area of approximately 1% to 30%. 4% to 26%, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%. The maximum ratio of the vacant blockage area is a value obtained by calculating the total area and the measured value of the vacant blockage area as the vacant blockage area / total area (multiplied by 100 for percentage display).

In some embodiments, for a portion of the processing surface of the expansion die (including the gradually expanding expansion and / or land), the void is closed, i.e., the closed void volume. is normalized value is ^{approximately, 1~2000mm 3 / m 2, 9~1674mm} 3 / m 2, 33~388mm 3 / m 2, 100~300mm 3 / m 2, 100~250mm 3 / m 2 , 125-250 mm ³ / m ² , 150-250 mm ³ / m ² , and 155-231 mm ³ / m ² . The normalized value of the void occlusion volume is a value obtained by multiplying the void occlusion area by the depth, and quantifies the amount of lubricant that can be trapped in the valley of the surface.

  When the die is inserted into the open end of the container, the expansion part can act on the side wall of the container and gradually expand the diameter of the container in the radial direction when the container moves along the processing surface. Has dimensions and shape.

  The land portion of the expansion die is a portion of the processing surface of the expansion die, and has a maximum outer diameter that comes into contact with a portion of the container when the die expands the container. The die can have a plurality of portions, each having a land portion, and each land portion can have a different outer diameter. The land portion having a small outer diameter can enter further inside the container than the land portion having a large outer diameter. An example of a die having a plurality of land portions is shown in FIG.

  In some embodiments, the initial portion of the processing surface of the expansion die is shaped to form a transition where the container transitions from the original diameter portion to the expanded diameter portion. In some embodiments, the transition is a stepped shape or a gradually changing shape.

  In some embodiments, the expansion die has an undercut and the land is between the gradually expanding expansion and the undercut. The land portion has a size and a shape for setting the final diameter of the container formed by the expansion die. In one embodiment, the land length of the expansion die may be 0.12 ″ or greater. In another embodiment, the land length of the expansion die is approximately 0.010 ″, 0 .020 ", 0.04", 0.05 ", 0.08", 0.10 ". In one embodiment, the length of the land of the expansion die is a continuous radius line. It is in the range of 0.01 ″ from the contact. In some embodiments of the expansion die, the undercut portion follows the land portion. In some embodiments of the expansion die, the transition from the land portion to the undercut portion is integrated.

  In some embodiments, the average surface roughness (Ra) of at least a portion of the undercut is from about 8 μin to about 32 μin. In some embodiments, the average surface roughness (Ra) of the gradually expanding extension is about 2 μin to about 6 μin. In some embodiments, the average surface roughness (Ra) of at least a portion of the expansion die land is between about 8 μin and 32 μin. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional measured average surface roughness (Sa) of at least a portion of the land of the expansion die that includes at least a portion of the land portion, a gradually expanding portion and / or an undercut portion is about The range is 1 to 50 μin, 1 to 48 μin, 7 to 43 μin, 20 to 50 μin, 20 to 45 μin, 25 to 45 μin, 30 to 45 μin, 20 to 40 μin, and 30 to 40 μin.

  The undercut portion includes an undercut surface having an outer diameter. The outer diameter of the undercut surface is at least about 0.01 inches smaller than the outer diameter of the land and never falls below the minimum diameter, so frictional contact between the undercut surface and the metal container will not be zero but reduced. The The outer diameter of the undercut surface is dimensioned to minimize damage, cracks, wrinkles, and all other physical defects that can occur during expansion. In some embodiments, the diameter of the undercut surface is about 0.0075 to about 0.035 inches less than the outer diameter of the land. In other embodiments, the diameter of the undercut surface is about 0.01 inch, 0.02 inch, or 0.03 inch less than the outer diameter of the land.

  In some embodiments, the processing surface of the expansion die is such that when inserted into the metal container, the entire land portion and at least a portion of the undercut portion enter the metal container, and the land portion is at least a portion of the container. It is formed in the dimension which can expand diameter.

  In other embodiments, a reducing die that reduces the diameter of a metal container includes a working surface configured to reduce the diameter of the metal container having a closed bottom. The work surface includes a neck radius portion, a shoulder radius portion, and a land portion. The inner diameter of the land portion is the minimum diameter of the die.

  In some embodiments, at least a portion of the processing surface of the reducing die for reducing the diameter of the metal container has a surface finish, the surface finish having a maximum proportion of void closure area of approximately 1% to 30%, 4% to 26%, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%. In some embodiments of the metal container diameter reducing die, at least a portion of the land portion has a surface finish, the surface finish having a maximum percentage of void closure area of approximately 1% to 30%. 4% to 26%, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%. In some embodiments of the metal container diameter reducing die, at least a portion of the neck radius has a surface finish, the surface finish having a maximum percentage of void closure area of 1% to 30%, One of the ranges 4% to 26%, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%. In some embodiments of a metal container diameter reducing die, at least a portion of the shoulder radius has a surface finish, the surface finish having a maximum percentage of void closure area of 1% to 30%, One of the ranges 4% to 26%, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%.

In some embodiments of the reducing die for reducing the diameter of the metal container, a portion of the work surface, including a portion of the neck radius, shoulder radius, and / or land portion, can normalize the void occlusion volume. The obtained values are approximately 1 to 2000 mm ³ / m ² , 9 to 1647 mm ³ / m ² , 33 to 388 mm ³ / m ² , 100 to 300 mm ³ / m ² , 100 to 250 mm ³ / m ² , 125 to 250 mm. ³ / m ² , 150 to 250 mm ³ / m ² , and one range of 155 to 231 mm ³ / m ² .

  In the diameter reducing die for reducing the diameter of the metal container, the land portion is a portion of the processing surface of the expansion die having a minimum inner diameter that contacts a part of the container. The die may be provided with a plurality of portions each having a land portion, and each land portion may have a different inner diameter. The land portion having a large inner diameter can move toward the back of the container than the land portion having a small inner diameter.

  In some embodiments, the length of the land portion of the metal vessel diameter reducing die is between about 0.02 "and about 0.08". In another embodiment, the length of the land portion of the metal container diameter reducing die is about 0.03 "to about 0.07". In yet another embodiment, the length of the land portion of the metal vessel diameter reducing die is between about 0.04 "and about 0.06". In one embodiment, the land length of the metal container reducing die is about 0.04 ″. In one embodiment, the land length of the metal container reducing die is from a continuous radius line contact. The range is up to 0.01 ″.

  The neck radius is part of the necking die and forms a radius in the portion of the container immediately adjacent to the neck or the portion of the container whose diameter is reduced by the land portion of the die.

  The shoulder radius is part of the necking die and forms a radius in the container that is reduced in diameter adjacent to the neck radius.

  In some embodiments of the reducing die for reducing the diameter of the metal container, the die has a relief portion and the land portion is between the neck radius portion and the relief portion. In some embodiments of the metal container diameter reducing die, the transition between the land and relief is blended. In some embodiments, the average surface roughness (Ra) of at least a portion of the relief is from about 8 μin to about 32 μin. In some embodiments, the average surface roughness (Ra) of at least a portion of the shoulder radius is about 2 μin to about 6 μin. In some embodiments, the average surface roughness (Ra) of at least a portion of the neck radius is about 2 μin to about 6 μin. In some embodiments, the average surface roughness (Ra) of at least a portion of the land is from about 8 μin to about 32 μin. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the work surface including at least a portion of the land, shoulder radius, neck radius and / or relief portion has an average surface roughness (Sa) measured in three dimensions of about 1. The range is ˜50 μin, 1 to 48 μin, 7 to 43 μin, 20 to 50 μin, 20 to 45 μin, 25 to 45 μin, 30 to 45 μin, 20 to 40 μin, and 30 to 40 μin.

  The dimension of the relief part is set so that the frictional contact with the metal container and the necking die is reduced after the metal container is necked through the land part and the knockout. Thus, in some embodiments, the Ra and relief of the necking surface contributes to reducing frictional contact between the necking die wall and the metal container to be necked. By reducing the frictional contact, the necking accuracy is maintained, the occurrence of breakage is reduced, and the stripping of the metal container is improved. In one embodiment, the relief portion enters at least 0.005 inches into the wall of the necking die, as measured from the base of the land portion. The relief portion extends along the necking direction (along the y-axis) to the entire length of the top of the metal container and enters the necking die, thereby maintaining the necking accuracy and maintaining the metal container and the necking die. Reduces frictional engagement with the wall and reduces breakage. The relief portion has a flank, and the inside diameter of the flank is at least about 0.01 inches greater than the inside diameter of the land portion. In addition, since the inner diameter of the flank does not exceed the maximum diameter, when necking the side wall of the metal container, the frictional contact between the side wall of the metal container and the flank is reduced to zero while maintaining the necking accuracy. Is done. In some embodiments, the flank diameter is about 0.0075 to about 0.035 inches greater than the inner diameter of the land. In other embodiments, the diameter of the flank is about 0.01 inch, 0.02 inch, or 0.03 inch greater than the inner diameter of the land.

  In some embodiments, the dimension of the work surface is such that when the die is inserted into the metal container, the entire land portion and at least a portion of the relief portion move axially relative to the container and at least the relief portion is A portion is made to move beyond the top of the container.

  An expansion die for manufacturing a metal container has a working surface configured to expand the diameter of the metal container having a closed bottom. The processing surface includes an extended portion and a land portion that gradually expand. The outer diameter of the land is the maximum diameter of the die. When the expansion die is expanding the metal container, at least a part of the processing surface has a ratio of an area that contacts the metal container to an area that does not contact the metal container is approximately 25 to 99%, 30 to 71. %, 41-71%, 40-55%, 40-52%, 35-55%, and 30-60%. In some embodiments, the features of the expansion die described in this paragraph are the same as the features of the expansion die described above.

  In other embodiments, a die for manufacturing a metal container includes a work surface configured to reduce the diameter of the metal container having a closed bottom. The processing surface includes a neck radius portion, a shoulder radius portion, and a land portion. The inner diameter of the land portion is the minimum diameter of the die. When the expansion die is expanding the metal container, at least a part of the processing surface has a ratio of an area that contacts the metal container to an area that does not contact the metal container is approximately 25 to 99%, 30 to 71. %, 41-71%, 40-55%, 40-52%, 35-55%, and 30-60%.

  Another embodiment is a method of manufacturing a die for forming a metal container, the method comprising an expansion die that includes a work surface configured to expand the diameter of a metal container having a closed bottom. Deploying and peening at least a portion of the work surface. The processing surface includes an extended portion and a land portion that gradually expand. The outer diameter of the land is the maximum diameter of the die.

  In some embodiments, at least a portion of the land is peened. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the gradually expanding extension is peened.

  In some embodiments, the work surface is peened with precision balls having a diameter in the range of 1/16 inch to 3/32 inch and 1/16 inch to 5/32 inch.

  In some embodiments, the peened portion of the work surface has a surface finish that is approximately 1% to 30%, 4% to 26 with a maximum percentage of void blockage area. %, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%.

  In some embodiments, the peened portion of the work surface has a ratio of the area that contacts the metal container to the area that does not contact the metal container that is approximately 25-99%, 30-71%, 41-71. %, 40-55%, 40-52%, 35-55%, and 30-60%. In some embodiments, the percentage of the work surface area that is peened is approximately 50-100%, 71-76%, 68-78%, 50-80%, 60-80%, and 60-70%. One of them. In some embodiments, the air pressure used to thrust the precision ball during die surface peening is approximately in the range of 10-30 psi, 15-20 psi, 10-20 psi, and 15-30 psi. is there.

  Another embodiment is a method of manufacturing a die for forming a metal container, the method including a work surface configured to reduce a diameter of a metal container having a closed bottom. Deploying the die and peening at least a portion of the work surface. The processing surface includes a neck radius portion, a shoulder radius portion, and a land portion. The inner diameter of the land portion is the minimum diameter of the die. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the land is peened. In some embodiments, a portion of the shoulder radius is peened. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the neck radius is peened. In some embodiments, the work surface is peened with precision balls having a diameter in the range of 1/16 inch to 3/32 inch and 1/16 inch to 5/32 inch. In some embodiments, the peened portion of the work surface has a surface finish that is approximately 1% to 30%, 4% to 26 with a maximum percentage of void blockage area. %, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to 15%. In some embodiments, the peened portion of the work surface has a ratio of the area that contacts the metal container to the area that does not contact the metal container that is approximately 25-99%, 30-71%, 41-71. %, 40-55%, 40-52%, 35-55%, and 30-60%. In some embodiments, the percentage of the work surface area that is peened is approximately 50-100%, 71-76%, 68-78%, 50-80%, 60-80%, and 60-70%. One of them. In some embodiments, the air pressure used to thrust the precision ball during die surface peening is approximately in the range of 10-30 psi, 15-20 psi, 10-20 psi, and 15-30 psi. It is.

  All of the above embodiments can be used when reducing or expanding a metal container without the use of a lubricant. All of the above embodiments can be suitably used for all types of metal containers, including wrought and wrought aluminum containers having a closed bottom together, ie, two-piece containers. In all of the above embodiments, the metal comprising the metal container may be any metal known in the art, including but not limited to aluminum and steel. The metal container may or may not have a dome. In some embodiments, the metal container is a one-piece metal container with a closed bottom. In some embodiments, the metal container is formed by seaming a plurality of metal pieces.

  In the surface finish portion, the maximum ratio of the void closed area is approximately 1% to 30%, 4% to 26%, 10% to 26%, 10% to 20%, 10% to 15%, and 12% to One of the 15% ranges, these shall be referred to herein as “textured surfaces”. The void volume and void blockage volume are described in the document `` Surface Characterisation in Forming Processes by Functional 3D Parameters '', S. Weidel, U. Engel, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. (2007) 33: 130-136). "Surface analysis module for Windows (registered trademark)". This document is incorporated herein by reference.

  In one embodiment, the textured surface forms a smooth but dimple texture on the necking and expansion dies by peening with precision ball bearings. Peening forms dimples on the tool surface by a thrust action by a precision ball having a hardness higher than that of a die. The design of the finished surface depends on the size and hardness of the ball, the speed of the blasting process, and the number of repeated strikes on the die. To achieve this specification, the precision ball diameter error is about 1% or less.

  The tool surface is smooth but not flat so that friction can be reduced without excessive debris generation or tool wear. The reduction in friction is due to the reduction in the contact area between the die and the metal container. The contact area is described in the literature `` Surface Characterisation in Forming Processes by Functional 3D Parameters '', S. Weidel, U. Engel, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. (2007) 33: 130-136). Characterized by (surface analysis module for Windows). This document is incorporated herein by reference. Friction reduction allows the metal container to be more greatly expanded or reduced in diameter with a single stroke of the expansion die or necking die without damaging the container. Damage includes wrinkles, cracks, ludering, breakage of metal containers and anything that impairs the appearance of metal containers.

  Some embodiments of the present invention aim to observe the topography of the textured surface using 3D surface parameters to minimize the contact area between the tool and the workpiece.

  In some embodiments, the use of a textured surface for the expansion die or necking die reduces friction, thereby reducing the extent of metal forming with a single stroke of the expansion die or necking die without damaging the container. Maximized. This reduces the number of metal forming steps and reduces the amount of scrap. Also, the starting weight required to meet the dimensional specifications of the final product is reduced. Further, it is not necessary to use a lubricant when forming the metal container. In some embodiments, dies peened with precision balls can more reliably form defect-free metal containers than polished dies.

FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an expansion die having two land portions.

2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the expansion die of FIG.

The cross section of the reduced diameter die for reducing the diameter of a metal container is shown.

Indicates the direction of metal flow.

The inside diameter of a part of the processing surface of the necking die after peening as described above is shown.

6 includes a small-field image of the inner diameter of a portion of the machining surface of the necking die shown in FIG.

The surface topography of a grinding | polishing surface is shown.

FIG. 8 is a chart showing the average surface roughness Ra in the transverse direction on both sides of the peened surface and the polished surface shown in FIGS.

Figure 3 shows a surface topography of a peened working surface of an expansion die.

FIG. 10 shows the surface topography shown in FIG. 9, where the line shape indicates the depth and height of the indentations.

Fig. 11 shows a bearing area curve of the peened working surface shown in Figs.

An expansion die having a peened working surface is placed on the metal container to indicate the amount of forming load that the expansion container acts upon expansion of the metal container.

Fig. 3 shows the forming energy of an expansion die having a peened working surface.

The relationship between the surface load area in the surface which is not peened and the energy by friction is shown.

The relationship between the surface load area in the peened surface and the energy by friction is shown.

  1 and 2 show an exemplary expansion die 10. The processing surface 12 includes an expansion portion 14 and a land portion 16 that gradually expand. An undercut portion 18 is also shown.

  FIG. 3 shows an exemplary die 30 having a working surface 32 configured to reduce the diameter of the metal container. The processing surface has a neck radius portion 34, a shoulder radius portion 36, and a land portion 38. A relief 40 is also shown.

In one example, the work surface of the necking die was peened with a 0.093 ″ diameter class 1000 ball. The ball quality is accurate enough to minimize dust generation or ball cracking. The analysis of the necking die made is as follows.
・ The inner diameter of the necking die was processed using a right angle lance.
-A replica of the inner diameter of the necking die was taken at one end.
・ Topography and roughness data were obtained from replicas.
Invert all topographic images obtained from the replica to display the true topography of the die surface,
<Definition>
Sci is the fluid retention index of the core, and Sci> 1 indicates good fluid retention.
Svi is a trough fluid retention index, 0 <Svi <0.2, and the higher the Sci value, the better the fluid retention of the trough area.
Vcl is the void occlusion volume and indicates the void volume at the surface available to capture fluid.
Vop is the volume where the void is not blocked and indicates the void volume of the surface where fluid can escape.
<Equipment>
・ Topography-NanoFocus μSurfI
Obtain a 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm field of view (FOV) using a 20 × objective lens.
・ Large field of view (LFOV) topography 5.5mm x 2.15mm

  FIG. 4 shows the direction of the metal flow associated with the following topographic image.

  FIG. 5 shows the inner diameter of a portion of the working surface of the necking die after peening as described above.

  FIG. 6 includes a small field image of the inner diameter of a portion of the working surface of the necking die shown in FIG.

The surface characteristics of the processed surface of the necking die after peening were as follows. Sa avg = 18.8 μin; Sci avg = 1.63; Svi avg = 0.11; Vcl avg = 72.2 mm ³ / m ² ; Vop avg = 1965 mm ³ / m ²

FIG. 7 shows a polished and non-peened surface. The surface characteristics of the surface shown in FIG. 7 were as follows. Sa avg = 20.5 μin; Sci avg = 1.24; Svi avg = 0.16; Vcl avg = 46.6 mm ³ / m ² ; Vop avg = 2640 mm ³ / m ²

FIG. 8 is a chart showing the average surface roughness Ra in the transverse direction on both the peened surface and the polished surface.
<Conclusion>
The void occluded volume of the peened surface was approximately twice that of a polished surface with a similar Ra value.
The fluid retention parameters Sci and Svi both indicate that the surface of the peened necking die had a much better fluid retention than the polished surface.
The void closed volume Vcl parameter and the open volume Vop parameter also indicate that the peened surface of the necking die has better fluid retention.
This indicates that the peened surface has much better tribological performance than the polished surface.

  In another embodiment, expansion die peening was performed using 0.1575 ″ (4 mm) Class 1000 balls.

  9 and 10 show a surface topography of a part of the processed surface after peening. FIG. 11 shows a load area curve of the peened portion of the processed surface.

In other examples, the working surface of some expansion dies has been changed by peening, and the effect of the changed working surface on friction was compared to the friction on the die surface that was lightly polished after heavy cutting. The lightly polished surface after heavy turning has no texture and the Ra value is 8 to 10 μin. All other factors were fixed (preform, tool shape, air stripping not used, lubricant not used). Ten samples were taken on each surface. The “B ball” is a precision ball having a diameter of 1/16 inch. The “C ball” is a precision ball having a diameter of 3/32 inches.

  It was clear from the change in molding energy that the friction changed with the tool surface. The total molding energy was calculated using a numerical integration method based on load versus displacement data.

  Characterization of the surface of the tool is Sa (3D parameter of surface roughness), Vcl (normalized value of void occlusion volume), αclm (maximum ratio of void occlusion area (/ measured area total)), and each surface The contact area (percentage) with respect to the finished part was used.

  The strain energy was calculated by finite element analysis using a given tool and preform sample shape, and the molding energy in a frictionless state was obtained. The friction data was totaled by subtracting the strain energy from the total forming energy, and the energy value by friction was obtained.

  The results are expressed as a percentage change in friction energy, and the characteristics of each surface are expressed as a percentage of contact area.

FIG. 12 shows the forming load amount of the expansion die arranged in the metal container. FIG. 13 shows the molding energy. FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the frictional energy and the surface load area for the non-peened surface. FIG. 15 shows the relationship between frictional energy and surface load area for the peened surface.
* In the standard deviation calculation, outliers of white circles are excluded from the molding energy data.
-C-ball finish on heavy and light polished tool surfaces showed that molding energy was reduced by 15-19% without the use of lubricants.
-It was shown that when a ball with a small diameter (B ball) was used, it was reduced by 4-10% without using a lubricant.
-When the surface with the B ball was re-peened with the C ball, there was no statistical change in the molding energy.

  In this specification, terms such as “top”, “bottom”, “below”, “above”, “under”, “over”, etc. Refers to the position when the finished metal container is on a flat surface, regardless of the orientation of the metal container during the manufacturing or forming step or process. A finished metal container is a metal container that does not undergo additional forming steps until it is used by the end consumer. In some embodiments, the top of the container has an opening.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to specific aspects thereof, other aspects are possible. Accordingly, the spirit and scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the embodiments contained herein.

  All features disclosed in this specification, including the claims, abstract, and drawings, and every step of the disclosed method or process are inconsistent with each other in at least some of such features and / or steps. Any combination is possible except for the combinations to be made. Each feature disclosed in this specification, including the claims, abstract, and drawings, may be replaced with an alternative feature serving the same, equivalent, or similar purpose unless explicitly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of an equivalent or similar generic feature.

  Any element of a claim that does not explicitly describe means for performing a particular function or step for performing a particular function in a claim is set forth in 35 USC 112. It should not be construed as a “means or step” clause.

Claims (18)

An expansion die for manufacturing a metal container having a closed bottom portion, the processing die having a processing surface configured to expand a diameter of the metal container,
An extension that gradually expands,
Including a land part,
The outer diameter of the land portion is the maximum diameter of the die,
At least a part of the processing surface is an expansion die in which the maximum ratio of the void closed area is in the range of 1 to 30%.   2. The expansion die according to claim 1, wherein the surface finish portion of at least a part of the land portion has a maximum ratio of void closed area in a range of 1 to 30%.   2. The expansion die according to claim 1, wherein the surface finish portion of at least a part of the expansion portion has a maximum ratio of void closed area in a range of 1 to 30%.   The expansion die according to claim 1, further comprising an undercut portion, wherein the land portion is between the gradually expanding expansion portion and the undercut portion. A die for manufacturing a metal container having a closed bottom portion, the die having a working surface configured to reduce the diameter of the metal container,
(I) a neck radius portion;
(Ii) shoulder radius part;
(Iii) a land portion,
The inner diameter of the land portion is the minimum diameter of the die,
At least a part of the surface finish portion of the processed surface is a die having a maximum ratio of void blockage area in the range of 1 to 30%.   6. The die according to claim 5, wherein at least a part of the surface finish portion of the land portion has a maximum ratio of void closed area in a range of 1 to 30%.   The die according to claim 5, wherein the surface finish portion of at least a part of the neck radius portion has a maximum ratio of void closed area in a range of 1 to 30%.   6. The die according to claim 5, wherein at least a portion of the surface finish portion of the shoulder radius portion has a maximum ratio of void closed area in a range of 1 to 30%.   The die according to claim 5, further comprising a relief portion, wherein the land portion is between the neck radius portion and the relief portion. A method of manufacturing a die for forming a metal container,
Providing an expansion die for manufacturing a metal container having a closed bottom, the expansion die having a working surface configured to expand a diameter of the metal container, the working surface comprising: ,
(I) an expansion section that gradually expands;
(Ii) including a land portion,
An expansion die preparation step, wherein the outer diameter of the land portion is the maximum diameter of the die;
Peening at least a portion of the work surface.   The method of claim 10, wherein at least a portion of the land is peened.   The method of claim 10, wherein at least a portion of the extension is peened.   The method according to claim 10, wherein the surface finish of the peened portion of the work surface has a maximum ratio of void blockage area in the range of 1 to 30%. A method of manufacturing a die for forming a metal container,
Preparing a die for manufacturing a metal container having a closed bottom, the die having a working surface configured to reduce the diameter of the metal container, the working surface comprising:
(I) a neck radius portion;
(Ii) shoulder radius part;
(Iii) a land portion,
A die preparing step, wherein an inner diameter of the land portion is a minimum diameter of the die;
Peening at least a portion of the work surface.   The method of claim 14, wherein at least a portion of the land portion is peened.   The method of claim 14, wherein at least a portion of the shoulder radius is peened.   The method of claim 14, wherein at least a portion of the neck radius is peened.   15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the surface finish of the peened portion of the work surface has a maximum proportion of void blockage area in the range of 1-30%.