JP2015505919A - Tunnel tarpaulin - Google Patents

Abstract

At the time of tunnel construction, the waterproof sheet installed for the purpose of waterproofing has the simplest possible structure, and the drainage drained from the tunnel excavation surface can be drained smoothly. In the waterproof sheet used, the waterproof sheet is composed of a first waterproof sheet made of a soft PE material that does not allow water to pass, and one or at least one front-rear direction on the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet. A fixed vane whose end face is fused and an upper surface of the first waterproof sheet to which the fixed vane is fused, the spray concrete surface of the tunnel and the first tarpaulin maintain a certain distance, and the tunnel And a concavo-convex portion in which a large number of protrusions are formed so as to protrude continuously in the front, rear, left, and right directions so that the discharged water discharged from the excavation surface of the It relates to a waterproof sheet. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet that is installed for the purpose of waterproofing during tunnel construction. More specifically, the present invention has a maximally simple structure and allows drainage discharged from a tunnel excavation surface to be smoothly drained. It relates to the waterproof sheet for the tunnel.

  In general, the waterproof sheet used for tunnel construction is the drainage from the excavated surface of the tunnel after excavating the tunnel and placing shotcrete and before placing shotcrete. As shown in FIG. 7a, a normal waterproof sheet 100 is a soft resin that is a synthetic resin that does not allow water to pass through. In order to prevent the water shielding plate from being broken or damaged by contacting the surface of the water shielding plate 110 and the sprayed concrete surface on the upper surface of the water shielding plate 110, it is manufactured from polyester or polypropylene. The nonwoven fabric 120 is attached by heat, high frequency fusion or the like.

  In addition, in order to fix the nonwoven fabric to the surface of the shotcrete by a fixing means such as an anchor, one fixed blade 130 whose one end is fixed by fusion, adhesion, or adhesion is further formed.

  As shown in FIG. 7b, the normal installation of the waterproof sheet 100 is performed by fixing the fixed vane 130 to the sprayed concrete surface with an anchor or the like, and then, at the edge of the fixed waterproof sheet 100, After the edge portions of the waterproof sheet 100 are partially overlapped, the water shielding plates 110 are bonded to each other and the nonwoven fabric 120 is bonded to the nonwoven fabric 120, and then the fixed blades of the waterproof sheet that is not fixed are sprayed. By repeating the fixing to the concrete surface by the fixing means, the work of installing the waterproof sheet 100 on the spray concrete surface of the tunnel is completed. At this time, the waterproof sheet is not fixed by only one fixed blade, but is fixed at various points so as not to be lifted from the surface of the shotcrete by a normal Landell, washer, nail and the like not shown.

  However, the conventional waterproof sheet used at the time of tunnel construction can be manufactured by fusing and fixing the nonwoven fabric to the water shielding plate, and then attaching the fixed blade on the nonwoven fabric again by re-fusing work etc. In addition to being bothersome, there was a problem that a portion of the water shielding plate where the fixed blades were attached was wrinkled by reheating.

  Further, in order to protect the water shielding plate 110, the non-woven fabric 120 attached to the upper surface of the water shielding plate does not allow the discharged water discharged from the excavation surface to be smoothly drained, but rather the water. Water soaking has occurred and the load generated by the water soaking has caused the fixed blade fixed on the excavation surface to be separated.

  The present invention was devised in order to solve the conventional problems as described above, and its main object is to have a simple structure as much as possible and to maintain high strength. An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof sheet for tunnels that minimizes breakage and damage, and smoothly drains the drained water drained from the tunnel excavation surface.

  Another object of the present invention is that the fixing to the shotcrete surface is performed only by the fixed blades.

  Still another object of the present invention is to have a double structure in which water stain does not occur.

  Another object of the present invention is to minimize damage caused by contact with the excavation surface by the upper portion of the protrusion formed on the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet.

  Furthermore, the other object of this invention is to enable it to carry out connection joining with another waterproof sheet easily.

  The present invention for solving the above technical problem is a waterproof sheet used at the time of tunnel construction, wherein the waterproof sheet is a material that does not allow water to pass through, and is a first material made of soft PE material having high strength. On the top surface of the waterproof sheet, on the top surface of the first waterproof sheet, at least one fixed blade with one end surface fused in the front-rear direction, and on the top surface of the first waterproof sheet with the fixed blade fused In addition to strengthening the strength of the first tarpaulin, maintain a constant distance so that the shotcrete surface of the tunnel and the first tarpaulin do not come into direct contact with each other, and discharge from the tunnel excavation surface. In order to smoothly drain water, it includes a concavo-convex portion in which a large number of protrusions that are continuously and repeatedly protruded in the front-rear and left-right directions are integrally formed.

  The fixed blades are respectively formed on an upper surface middle and both side surfaces of the first waterproof sheet, and the uneven portion is formed between a central fixed blade and fixed blades formed on both sides. .

  The fixed blades are formed at the center of the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet, and are formed with uneven portions on both sides of the fixed blades, and protrusions for fixing to the shotcrete surface are provided between the uneven portions. An unfixed fixing surface is formed, and a second waterproof sheet made of EVA material having an area corresponding to the first waterproof sheet on the bottom surface of the first waterproof sheet and being a material through which water does not pass. Is fused and fixed.

  In the fusion of the second waterproof sheet to the first waterproof sheet, a fusion member is interposed between the first waterproof sheet and the second waterproof sheet, and the middle is the first waterproof sheet. Along with the fixed blades, line fusion is performed in the front-rear direction, and one or more second waterproof sheets are point-fused in the front-rear direction on the bottom surface of the fixed surface of the first waterproof sheet.

  The protrusion upper portion of the uneven portion is formed so as not to be sharpened in order to prevent damage on contact with the shotcrete surface.

  A fixed blade is further formed on each of the upper surfaces of the fixed surfaces.

  The present invention has the simplest possible structure and maintains high strength, as well as minimizes breakage and damage so that drainage discharged from the tunnel excavation surface can be drained smoothly. In addition to reducing the manufacturing cost of waterproof sheets with a single simple structure and simplifying installation, minimizing damage and damage due to uneven parts, not only improving reliability, but also smoothing drainage There is an effect that can be done.

  In addition, it can be fixed to the shotcrete surface only with fixed blades, so that it can be done easily and conveniently in a short time without the need for fixing with another rundel, washer and nail during installation work. There is also an effect.

  Further, by having a double structure of the first waterproof sheet made of PE material and the second waterproof sheet made of EVA material that does not cause water stain, the discharged water discharged from the excavation surface is primary and secondary. In addition to the effect of blocking and maximizing the waterproofing effect, the drainage of drained water can also be performed quickly and smoothly.

  In addition, the upper part of the protrusion formed on the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet minimizes damage caused by contact with the shotcrete surface, so that the first tarpaulin that is in contact with the shotcrete surface is damaged. In addition to minimizing damage and having higher reliability, there is also an effect that it is possible to have a high response force to the pressure at the time of laying placement after the installation of the waterproof sheet.

  In addition, by making it easy to connect and join with other waterproof sheets, the waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet can be easily connected to each other so that the installation work can be efficiently performed on the entire excavation surface of the tunnel. Play.

It is a principal part perspective view which shows this invention roughly. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of an essential part according to FIG. It is a principal part figure of the state installed by FIG. It is a principal part exploded sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main part in a state of being coupled according to FIG. FIG. 4b is a schematic plan view of the main part of FIG. 4b. FIG. 5 is a main part view schematically illustrating an installation state according to FIGS. It is a principal part figure which shows schematically the further another Example of this invention. It is a principal part figure which shows the conventional waterproof sheet for tunnels schematically, It is a schematic principal part figure of the state installed by FIG. 7a.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part schematically showing the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view of the main part according to FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a main part in a state of being installed according to FIG. FIG.

  As shown in the drawings, in the waterproof sheet 100 used by being installed on the shotcrete surface during the construction of the tunnel, the present invention has the simplest structure and maintains a high strength. Of course, in order to minimize breakage and damage and to smoothly drain the drainage water drained from the excavation surface of the tunnel, the waterproof sheet 100 is made of a material that does not allow water to pass through and has strength. The first waterproof sheet 10 is made of a soft, normal PE material that is high and does not break or damage even when it comes into contact with the shotcrete surface of the tunnel, and one or at least one on the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet 10 One or more front and rear directions, one end surface of which is fused with a nonwoven material made of ordinary polyester or polypropylene, etc. by known heat or high frequency, etc. On the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet 10 to which the fixed blades 20 are fused, the strength of the first waterproof sheet formed of the PE material is further reinforced, and the shot concrete surface of the tunnel and the first waterproof sheet Maintain a certain distance so that it does not come into direct contact with the tarpaulin, and before placing the shotcrete, before and after placing the shotcrete, the drainage discharged from the tunnel excavation surface can be drained smoothly in front, rear, left and right. When the first waterproof sheet is molded repeatedly, it is shown that it includes the concavo-convex portion 30 formed from a large number of protrusions 32 that are integrally protruded. At this time, between the protrusions of the concavo-convex portion, the drainage water can be discharged naturally in four directions.

  The fixed blade 20 is not fixed to the shotcrete surface with another Landell, washer, nail or the like, but can be fixed only with the fixed blade. It is preferable that the concave and convex portion 30 is formed on both side surfaces, and is formed between the intermediate fixed blade 20 and the fixed blade 20 formed on both sides. At this time, the fixed blades formed on the both side surfaces are fused and fixed at the same interval as the fixed blade formed in the middle.

  The upper part of the protrusion 32 of the concavo-convex part 30 is formed so as not to be pointed, that is, to be chamfered on the upper part or to be a hemispherical curved surface in order to prevent damage on contact with the excavation surface. It is desirable to do. At this time, after the projection is installed on the shotcrete surface, it has a high response force to the pressure caused by the lining driving, which is a subsequent operation.

  Between the both ends of the said 1st waterproof sheet 10 and the uneven | corrugated | grooved part 30, it is going to connect with the waterproof sheet currently fixed to the shotcrete surface by forming the junction part 12 in which the protrusion is not formed. It is desirable that each end of the first waterproof sheet of the other waterproof sheet is fused to each other by heat or high frequency so that they can be easily connected.

  Thereby, according to the present invention, the waterproof sheet is composed of the single waterproof sheet made of a single PE material and the fixed blades. In comparison, it not only has a very simple structure, but also can solve the problems caused by water stains due to the nonwoven fabric.

  Moreover, since the first waterproof sheet is made of a soft PE material having high strength and having uneven portions provided on both sides, the discharged water can flow smoothly, so that the efficiency of drainage can be improved. There are also conditions for further enhancement.

  Further, the unevenness formed on the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet, that is, the upper surface in contact with the shotcrete surface, is higher by the unevenness formed by the protrusions in addition to the strength of the PE material. In addition to being able to maintain strength, the first waterproof sheet is not directly in contact with the irregular surface of the shotcrete surface, but is supported so as to maintain a constant distance by the projections of the irregularities. In addition to preventing the first waterproof sheet from being broken or damaged, the gap between the protrusions can naturally act as a drainage channel through which drained water discharged from the excavation surface can flow down. Drainage is performed more smoothly.

  Furthermore, the projections of the uneven portions also have a role of having a high supporting force against pressure due to the laying placement, which is a subsequent process, after the waterproof sheet is installed on the surface of the shotcrete.

  Therefore, the present invention has the simplest structure of a single waterproof sheet used for the tunnel, and the function of the waterproof sheet is performed as it is. And, the installation work has conditions that can be done quickly and easily.

  On the other hand, the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4c and FIG. 5 in order to prevent the image having a double structure and water stain from occurring as in the case of the conventional waterproof sheet.

  As shown in the drawings, in the waterproof sheet 100, the fixed blade 20 is formed at the center of the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet 10, and the respective uneven portions 30 are formed on both sides of the fixed blade 10, Between the concavo-convex portions 30, a fixing surface 34 is formed on the surface of the shotcrete, which is fixed to the surface of the shotcrete with an unillustrated ordinary landell, washer, nail, and the like, and has no protrusions. EVA having an area corresponding to the first waterproof sheet 10 on the bottom surface of the sheet 10 and a material that does not allow water to pass therethrough, and can be easily fused with the first waterproof sheet made of the PE material. It shows that the second waterproof sheet 40 made of material is fused and fixed by normal heat or high frequency.

  In the above, the first waterproof sheet not only serves to protect the second waterproof sheet as in the case of the conventional nonwoven fabric, but also to the fixed surface, to the sprayed concrete surface by a normal Landell, washer and nail. , Serve to be closely fixed.

  Fusion of the second waterproof sheet 40 to the first waterproof sheet 10 means that a fusion site is formed between the first waterproof sheet 10 and the second waterproof sheet 40 during heat or high frequency fusion. In order to prevent deformation, a fusion member 42 made of a material such as EVA is interposed, and the middle has a certain width in the front-rear direction together with the fixed blade 20 of the first waterproof sheet 10. It is desirable that the second waterproof sheet 40 is bonded to the bottom surface of the fixed surface 34 of the first waterproof sheet 10 by one or more points in the front-rear direction. At this time, the fusing member is melted at the time of heat or high-frequency fusing and serves as an adhesive for tightly fixing the first waterproof sheet and the second waterproof sheet.

  The upper part of the protrusion 32 of the concavo-convex part 30 is formed so as not to be sharp, that is, a chamfered flat surface or a hemispherical curved surface, in order to prevent damage on contact with the excavation surface. In addition, when the other waterproof sheets are to be connected to each other between the both ends of the first waterproof sheet 10 and the concavo-convex portion 30, a joint portion in which no protrusion is formed so that it can be easily fused. 12 is preferably formed.

  Thereby, the first waterproof sheet is fixed in close contact with the surface of the shotcrete, in order to prevent dripping by a normal Landell, washer, nail and the like on the fixed surface together with the fixed blade. The primary purpose is to smoothly guide the discharged water discharged from the excavation surface formed before shotcrete placement to both sides, and is fused to the bottom surface of the first waterproof sheet. The second waterproof sheet serves to secondarily completely block the discharged water leaked from the first waterproof sheet fixed to the shotcrete surface so as not to leak. .

  In addition, the first waterproof sheet and the second waterproof sheet are fused by interposing a fusion member at a portion to be fused, so that the fusion site is not distorted or crushed by heat or high frequency. Can be fused gently.

  Therefore, in another embodiment of the present invention, a double waterproof sheet is provided, and the condition that the water stain does not occur even with the discharged water discharged from the excavation surface, that is, the first waterproof sheet is high in strength. The second waterproof sheet, which is made of soft PE material and fused to the bottom surface of the first waterproof sheet, has excellent fusion power and is formed of EVA material so that water can pass through both. The condition that the water discharged from the excavation surface formed at the time of tunnel construction can be drained to both sides quickly is provided.

  And the waterproof sheet 100 having the double structure of the present invention is not fixed to the above-mentioned first waterproof sheet 10 on the surface of the shotcrete with a normal Landell, washer and nail, and the above-mentioned single structure waterproof sheet is used. As shown in FIG. 6, the fixed blades 20 formed in the middle of the first waterproof sheet 10 made of PE and the concave-convex portions 30 are used so that the fixed blades can be used for fixing. When fixing the first waterproof sheet 10 to the sprayed concrete surface by forming the fixed blades 20 such as the fixed blades 20 on the fixed surface 34 on which no protrusion is formed, the fixed surface May be fixed only by fixed blades, such as the single-layered waterproof sheet described above, instead of using a regular Randell, washer and nail. At this time, the second waterproof sheet 40 fused to the bottom surface of the first waterproof sheet 10 is fused and fixed in the same manner as described above.

  In the above, the fixed blade formed on the fixed surface is desirably line-fused with the fixed surface, and may be point-fused if necessary.

  Thereby, when fixing the first waterproof sheet to the shotcrete surface, each fixing blade is formed on the upper surface of the fixing surface without using the fixing surface and needing to be fixed with a normal Landell, washer and nail. And by fixing only by the fixed blade | wing formed in the middle, it has the conditions by which the installation operation | work of a waterproof sheet is easier and convenient.

Claims (6)

In the waterproof sheet used at the time of tunnel construction,
The waterproof sheet is
A first waterproof sheet of a soft PE material that is a material that does not allow water to pass through;
A fixed blade having one end surface fused and formed in at least one front-rear direction on the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet;
In addition to reinforcing the strength of the first waterproof sheet, the sprayed concrete surface of the tunnel and the first waterproof sheet are not directly in contact with the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet to which the fixed blades are fused. An uneven portion formed integrally with a plurality of protrusions that are continuously and repeatedly protruded in the front, rear, left, and right directions so that drainage of discharged water discharged from the excavation surface of the tunnel is smoothly performed while maintaining a constant interval. A waterproof sheet for a tunnel characterized by containing.   The fixed blades are respectively formed on an upper surface middle and both side surfaces of the first waterproof sheet, and the uneven portion is formed between a central fixed blade and fixed blades formed on both sides. The waterproof sheet for tunnel according to claim 1.   The fixed blades are formed at the center of the upper surface of the first waterproof sheet, and are formed with uneven portions on both sides of the fixed blades, and protrusions for fixing to the shotcrete surface are provided between the uneven portions. An unfixed fixing surface is formed, and a second waterproof sheet made of EVA material having an area corresponding to the first waterproof sheet on the bottom surface of the first waterproof sheet and being a material through which water does not pass. The waterproof sheet for tunnel according to claim 1, wherein is fixed by fusion.   In the fusion of the second waterproof sheet to the first waterproof sheet, a fusion member is interposed between the first waterproof sheet and the second waterproof sheet, and the middle is the first waterproof sheet. It is line-fused in the front-rear direction together with the fixed blades, and one or more second waterproof sheets are point-fused in the front-rear direction on the bottom surface of the fixed surface of the first waterproof sheet. 3. The tunnel waterproof sheet according to 3.   The tunnel waterproof sheet according to claim 4, wherein fixed blades are further formed on the upper surface of the fixed surface.   5. The tunnel according to claim 1, wherein an upper portion of the protrusion of the uneven portion is formed so as not to be sharpened in order to prevent damage on contact with a shotcrete surface. Tarpaulin.

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