JP2015216731A - Armature - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the line switching angle of a coil wound in a line.SOLUTION: In a stator 20, the coil pitch of a first-layer coil 42 arranged on a side face 32 side of a teeth part 30 is composed of first pitches P1 at two points and a second pitch P2 at one point. Specifically, the coil pitch between the coil 42(2) and the coil 42(4), and the coil pitch between the coil 42(6) and the coil 42(8) are first pitches P1. The first pitches P1 are equal to the wire diameter d of the coil 42. The coil pitch between the coil 42(4) and the coil 42(6) is the second pitch P2. The second pitch P2 is set greater than the first pitch P1 and smaller than twice the wire diameter d of the coil 42. Therefore, in a radial direction of the stator 20, the positions of the coils 42 (6)(8) can be adjusted by the second pitch P2. Thus, the line switching angle of the coils 42 wound on a second layer can be reduced.

Description

  The present invention relates to an armature.

  The armature described in Patent Literature 1 below includes a core having a plurality of teeth extending in the radial direction, and a coil that is aligned and concentratedly wound so that the winding forms a plurality of layers on the teeth. ing. And the coil is formed in the asymmetrical shape in the circumferential direction, and it is comprised so that adjacent coils may not interfere.

JP 2006-353038 A

  By the way, in the armature, the winding of the coil may be changed from copper to aluminum for the purpose of weight reduction. In this case, the wire diameter of the winding is increased in consideration of the resistivity of the winding. Even when copper windings are used, the wire diameter may be increased in order to reduce the winding resistance. In such a case, since the replacement angle of the wound windings becomes large, it is desirable to have a structure that suppresses the occurrence of winding collapse.

  In view of the above fact, an object of the present invention is to provide an armature that can reduce the replacement angle of windings that are aligned and wound.

  An armature according to the present invention includes an armature core configured to include a plurality of tooth portions radially extending from a ring-shaped yoke portion in a radial direction of the yoke portion, and two or more layers on the teeth portion. The winding pitch of the winding, which is formed of windings aligned and concentratedly wound so as to form the first layer on the circumferential side of the yoke portion with respect to the teeth portion, is the first pitch. And a second pitch which is set to be larger than the first pitch and smaller than twice the wire diameter of the winding.

  According to the armature configured as described above, the armature core includes the annular yoke portion and the plurality of tooth portions, and the teeth portion extends radially from the yoke portion in the radial direction of the yoke portion. It is installed. The teeth portion is provided with a coil, and the coil is composed of windings that are aligned and concentratedly wound so as to form two or more layers in the teeth portion.

  Here, the winding pitch of the winding constituting the first layer on the circumferential side of the yoke portion with respect to the teeth portion is larger than the first pitch and twice the wire diameter of the winding. And a second pitch set to be smaller. For this reason, the position of the coil | winding which comprises a 1st pitch can be adjusted with a 2nd pitch. Thereby, the replacement angle of the winding wound in the second layer can be reduced.

  In the armature of the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, the second layer winding of the coil that contacts the winding constituting the first pitch is a first winding portion, and the second pitch is The winding of the second layer of the coil that contacts the winding constituting the second winding portion is a diameter of the yoke portion with respect to the first winding portion. It arrange | positions inside a direction and is arrange | positioned with respect to the said 1st coil | winding part at the said teeth part side.

  According to the armature having the above configuration, the second layer winding of the coil that contacts the winding that constitutes the first pitch is the first winding portion, and the coil that contacts the winding that constitutes the second pitch. The second layer winding is the second winding portion. The second winding portion is disposed on the radially inner side of the yoke portion with respect to the first winding portion, and is disposed on the teeth portion side with respect to the first winding portion. For this reason, the width dimension inside radial direction of the yoke part in a coil can be made small compared with the width dimension outside radial direction of the yoke part in a coil. Thereby, more windings can be arranged while avoiding interference between coils adjacent in the circumferential direction of the yoke portion.

  In the armature of the present invention, in addition to the above-described configuration, the coil has a plurality of the second pitches, and the second pitches increase as they are arranged on the radially inner side of the yoke portion. The windings of the second layer of the coil are in contact with the windings constituting the second pitch.

  According to the armature having the above-described configuration, a plurality of two pitches are formed, and the second pitch is set so as to increase as it is arranged on the radially inner side of the yoke portion. For this reason, the width dimension of a coil can be made small as it goes to the radial inside of a yoke part. Thereby, more windings can be arranged while effectively avoiding interference between coils adjacent in the circumferential direction of the yoke portion.

  In addition to the above-described configuration, the armature of the present invention has a width dimension on the radially inner side of the yoke portion in the teeth portion, as viewed from the axial direction of the yoke portion, of the yoke portion in the teeth portion. It is set smaller than the width dimension on the radially outer side.

  According to the armature having the above configuration, the width dimension on the radially inner side of the yoke part in the coil can be made smaller than the width dimension on the radially outer side of the yoke part in the coil.

It is a typical top view which shows the teeth part of the stator which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows typically the whole brushless motor with which the stator shown by FIG. 1 was applied. It is a typical top view corresponding to Drawing 1 showing the teeth part of the stator of a comparative example. It is a typical top view which shows the teeth part of the stator which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view corresponding to FIG. 1 and showing another example of the coil shown in FIG. 1.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, the brushless motor 10 to which the stator 20 as the “armature” according to the first embodiment is applied with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 (elements grasped as a “rotating electric machine” in a broad sense). Exist). As shown in FIG. 2, the brushless motor 10 is configured as a so-called inner rotor type brushless motor. That is, the brushless motor 10 has a rotor 12 at its axial center, and a magnet (not shown) is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 12.

  The stator 20 has a substantially cylindrical shape, is provided on the radially outer side of the rotor 12, and is disposed to face the rotor 12 in the radial direction of the rotor 12. The stator 20 is fitted into the substantially cylindrical housing 18 and fixed to the housing 18.

  The stator 20 has a stator core 22 as an “armature core” formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The stator core 22 is composed of a plurality (12 in this embodiment) of core constituent parts 24, and the core constituent parts 24 are continuously arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the radially outer portion of the stator 20 in the core component 24 is a yoke component 26. The yoke component 26 is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape with the axial direction of the stator 20 as the longitudinal direction, and is arranged with the radial direction of the stator 20 as the plate thickness direction. And each yoke component part 26 is continuously arrange | positioned in the circumferential direction of the stator 20, and the yoke part 28 of the stator core 22 is formed.

  The core component 24 has a tooth portion 30. The teeth portion 30 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with the axial direction of the stator 20 as a longitudinal direction, and extends from the center portion in the width direction of the yoke constituting portion 26 to the inside in the radial direction of the stator 20. Thus, as viewed from the axial direction of the stator 20, the teeth portion 30 extends radially from the yoke portion 28 to the radially inner side of the stator 20 (the yoke portion 28), and the stator 20 (the yoke portion 28). Are arranged at equal intervals (every 30 °) in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the width dimension W of the tooth portion 30 as viewed from the axial direction of the stator 20 is set to be constant, and the surface of the tooth portion 30 on one side in the circumferential direction of the stator 20 (the arrow A direction side in FIG. 1) is the side surface 32. The surface of the teeth portion 30 on the other side in the circumferential direction of the stator 20 (the arrow B direction side in FIG. 1) is a side surface 34. Further, a flange portion 36 is formed at the tip end portion of the tooth portion 30 (the radially inner end portion of the stator 20), and the flange portion 36 extends from the tooth portion 30 to the outside of the tooth portion 30. Yes.

  Further, the stator 20 has a coil 40. The coil 40 is formed by a winding 42 wound around the tooth portion 30. The winding 42 is made of a wire material made of a metal whose main component is aluminum (1000 series defined in JIS standards). Has been. And the coil | winding 42 is wound by 2 layers by the concentrated winding to the teeth part 30 via the insulator (illustration omitted). Specifically, the winding 42 is wound from the side surface 34 side on the distal end side (the radially inner side of the stator 20) of the tooth portion 30 toward the proximal end side (the radially outer side of the stator 20) of the tooth portion 30. And it is wound by two layers in the base end side of the teeth part 30. FIG.

  Hereinafter, a state in which the winding 42 is wound will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, in order to facilitate understanding of the state in which the winding 42 is wound, numerals are assigned to the windings 42 in the order in which the winding 42 is wound. The numbers are given in parentheses after the reference numerals of the windings 42.

  In the coil 40, the windings 42 arranged in the first layer on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30 are aligned in five rows, and the windings 42 arranged in the first layer on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 are arranged. It is arranged in 4 rows. In the coil 40, the windings 42 arranged in the second layer on the side surface 34 side are arranged in two rows, and the windings 42 arranged in the second layer on the side surface 32 side are arranged in three rows. Yes. That is, when viewed from the axial direction of the stator 20, the coil 40 has an asymmetric shape with respect to the reference line L that passes through the axial center of the stator 20 and passes through the center in the width direction of the teeth portion 30.

  Further, in the windings 42 (1), (3), (5), (7), and (9) arranged in the first layer on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30, the winding pitch (the extension of the tooth portion 30). The distance between the centers of the adjacent windings 42 in the installation direction is the first pitch P1, and the first pitch P1 is set to coincide with the wire diameter d of the winding 42. That is, in the windings 42 (1), (3), (5), (7), and (9) arranged in the first layer on the side surface 34 side, the windings 42 adjacent in the radial direction of the stator 20 are mutually connected. They are aligned in contact with each other. The winding 42 (1) is configured to contact the flange portion 36 via an insulator (not shown), and the winding 42 (9) contacts the yoke portion 28 via the insulator (not shown). It is configured as follows.

  On the other hand, in the winding 42 arranged in the first layer on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30, the winding 42 (2) and the winding 42 (4) and between the winding 42 (6) and the winding 42 ( The winding pitch between (8) is the first pitch P1. And the coil | winding 42 (2) is comprised so that it may contact | abut to the flange part 36 via an insulator (illustration omitted). Thereby, when viewed from the axial direction of the stator 20, the windings 42 (2) and (4) and the windings 42 (1) and (3) are arranged at symmetrical positions with respect to the reference line L. .

  Further, the winding pitch between the winding 42 (4) and the winding 42 (6) is the second pitch P2, and the second pitch P2 is larger than the first pitch P1 and the line of the winding 42. It is set to be smaller than twice the diameter d (in this embodiment, approximately 3/2 times the wire diameter d of the winding 42). As a result, in the first-layer winding 42 disposed on the side surface 32 side, the winding 42 (4) and the winding 42 (6) are spaced apart from each other in the radial direction of the stator 20. 42 (8) is spaced apart from the yoke portion 28 on the radially inner side of the stator 20. Then, when viewed from the axial direction of the stator 20, the winding 42 (6) (winding 42 (8)) is radially outward of the stator 20 with respect to the winding 42 (5) (winding 42 (7)). The winding 42 is arranged with a deviation of about ½ of the wire diameter d.

  Further, in the winding 42 wound in the second layer on the side surface 32 side, the winding 42 (10) is brought into contact with the yoke portion 28 via an insulator (not shown), and the first winding is wound. It is in contact (contact) with the line 42 (8). The winding 42 (12) is disposed so as to contact the first-layer winding 42 (8) and the winding 42 (12). Further, the winding 42 (14) is disposed so as to contact the first-layer winding 42 (6) and the winding 42 (4). That is, the winding 42 (12) is the “first winding portion” of the present invention, and the winding 42 (14) is the “second winding portion” of the present invention.

  On the other hand, in the winding 42 wound in the second layer on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30, the winding 42 (11) contacts the first-layer winding 42 (9) and the winding 42 (7). The winding 42 (13) is disposed so as to contact the first-layer winding 42 (7) and the winding 42 (5).

  Then, the winding 42 (10) (winding 42 (12)) on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 is compared with the winding 42 (11) (winding 42 (13)) on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30. The yoke portion 28 is disposed outside the yoke portion 28 in the radial direction by approximately ½ of the wire diameter d of the winding 42. In addition, the winding 42 (14) is disposed on the radially inner side of the yoke portion 28 with respect to the windings 42 (10) and (12), and is on the teeth portion 30 side (first-layer winding 42). Side). Further, the winding 42 (14) is located on the radially inner side of the yoke portion 28 with respect to the winding 42 (13) wound around the tooth portion 30 disposed adjacent to one circumferential side of the stator 20. The windings 42 (13) are spaced apart from each other.

  Next, the operation and effect of the first embodiment will be described.

  In the stator 20 configured as described above, the coil 42 is formed by winding the winding 42 around the tooth portion 30. In this coil 40, the winding 42 is wound in two layers in a concentrated manner on the tooth portion 30.

  Here, in the coil 40, the winding pitch of the first-layer winding 42 disposed on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 is configured by two first pitches P1 and one second pitch P2. ing. Specifically, the winding pitch between the winding 42 (2) and the winding 42 (4) and between the winding 42 (6) and the winding 42 (8) is the first pitch P1. Thus, the first pitch P1 matches the wire diameter d of the winding 42. Further, the winding pitch between the winding 42 (4) and the winding 42 (6) is the second pitch P2, and the second pitch P2 is larger than the first pitch P1 and the line of the winding 42. It is set to be smaller than twice the diameter d (specifically, 3/2 times the wire diameter d of the winding 42). For this reason, in the radial direction of the stator 20 (the extending direction of the tooth portion 30), the windings 42 (that is, the windings constituting the first pitch P1) arranged on the radially outer side of the stator 20 with respect to the second pitch P2. The position of the lines 42 (6), (8)) can be adjusted by the second pitch P2. Thereby, the replacement angle of the coil | winding 42 wound by the 2nd layer can be made small.

  This point will be described in comparison with the comparative example shown in FIG. In the comparative example, when viewed from the axial direction of the stator 20, the winding 42 disposed on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 and the winding 42 disposed on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30 are on the reference line L. They are arranged symmetrically. That is, all the winding pitches of the first layer windings 42 arranged on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 are the first pitch P1, and the windings 42 arranged in the first layer on the side surface 32 side are There are 5 rows. And the winding 42 arrange | positioned at the 2nd layer in the side surface 32 side is made into 2 rows. Thereby, in the comparative example, when the winding 42 arranged in the second layer is replaced, the winding 42 corresponds to the first pitch P1 in the radial direction of the stator 20 (that is, the wire diameter d of the winding 42). Min) It is wound so as to shift.

  On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the winding pitch between the winding 42 (4) and the winding 42 (6) is the second pitch P2. For this reason, in the radial direction of the stator 20, the position of the winding 42 (6) (winding 42 (8)) disposed on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 is disposed on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30. It can be shifted with respect to the winding 42 (5) (winding 42 (7)). That is, in the first embodiment, in the radial direction of the stator 20, the position of the winding 42 (6) (winding 42 (8)) is relative to the winding 42 (5) (winding 42 (7)). The windings 42 are arranged with a deviation of about ½ of the wire diameter d. Thereby, the distance in the radial direction of the stator 20 when the winding 42 arranged in the second layer is replaced can be made smaller than the wire diameter d of the winding 42. As described above, the replacement angle θ (see FIG. 1) of the winding 42 wound in the second layer can be made smaller than the replacement angle θ ′ (see FIG. 3) of the winding 42 in the comparative example. it can.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the winding 42 (14) on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 has a diameter of the stator 20 (the yoke portion 28) with respect to the windings 42 (10) and (12). In addition to being arranged on the inner side in the direction, it is arranged on the tooth portion 30 side (on the first layer winding 42 side). For this reason, the width dimension inside the radial direction of the stator 20 (the yoke part 28) in the coil 40 can be made smaller than the width dimension outside the radial direction of the stator 20 (the yoke part 28) in the coil 40. Thereby, more windings 42 can be arranged while avoiding interference between the coils 40 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the stator 20 (the yoke portion 28).

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the second embodiment, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the winding 42 is wound.

  That is, in the second embodiment, the winding pitch of the winding 42 arranged on the side surface 32 side of the stator 20 is configured by one first pitch P1 and two second pitches P2. . Specifically, the winding pitch between the winding 42 (6) and the winding 42 (8) is the second pitch P2A, and the winding between the winding 42 (4) and the winding (6). The line pitch is the second pitch P2B, and the second pitch P2B is set larger (longer) than the second pitch P2A. In other words, at the second pitch P2, the second pitch P2B disposed on the distal end side (the radially inner side of the stator 20) of the tooth portion 30 is disposed on the proximal end side (the radially outer side of the stator 20) of the tooth portion 30. It is set larger (longer) than the set second pitch P2A.

  The second layer winding 42 (12) of the coil 40 is in contact with the winding 42 (8) and the winding (6) constituting the second pitch P2B. The winding 42 (14) is in contact with the winding 42 (6) and the winding (4) constituting the second pitch P2A. Thereby, also in 2nd Embodiment, there can exist an effect | action and effect similar to 1st Embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the winding pitch of the winding 42 arranged on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 is set to two second pitches P2 (second pitch P2A and second pitch P2B) and 1. The second pitch P2B is set larger (longer) than the second pitch P2A. For this reason, the second-layer winding 42 (12) is disposed on the teeth portion 30 side (first-layer winding 42 side) with respect to the winding 42 (10), and the second-layer winding 42 (14). ) Is arranged on the teeth portion 30 side (the first-layer winding 42 side) with respect to the winding 42 (12). Thereby, the width dimension of the coil 40 can be made small as it goes to the radial inside of the stator 20 (the yoke part 28). Thereby, more windings 42 can be arranged while effectively avoiding interference between the coils 40 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the stator 20 (the yoke portion 28).

  In the first and second embodiments, the width dimension W of the tooth portion 30 as viewed from the axial direction of the stator 20 is set to be constant. You may set so that it may become small as it goes to the radial inside of 20 (the yoke part 28). For this reason, the width dimension of the coil 40 can be made smaller toward the inner side in the radial direction of the stator 20. Thereby, more windings 42 can be arranged while effectively avoiding interference between the coils 40 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the stator 20 (the yoke portion 28). In this case, in the first embodiment, the second pitch P <b> 2 may be set on the base end side of the tooth portion 30. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the winding pitch between the winding 42 (6) and the winding 42 (8) may be the second pitch P2.

  Further, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the first pitch P1 is set to be the same as the wire diameter d of the winding 42, but the first pitch P1 is set to the wire diameter d of the winding 42. It may be set larger than and smaller than twice the wire diameter d.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the first-layer windings 42 arranged on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30 are arranged in five rows and arranged on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30. The first-layer windings 42 are arranged in four rows, but the number of windings arranged in the first layer depends on the length in the extending direction of the tooth portion 30 and the wire diameter d of the winding 42. It can be set arbitrarily depending on the situation. In this case, the number of alignment of the first-layer windings 42 arranged on the side surface 34 side of the tooth portion 30 is n, and the alignment of the first-layer windings 42 arranged on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 is performed. The number is n-1. Further, for example, when the number of alignments of the first-layer windings 42 arranged on the side surface 32 side of the tooth portion 30 is five or more, the second pitch P2 in the second embodiment is set to three or more locations. May be. That is, the size (length) of the second pitch P2 is set to be larger (longer) as the second pitch P2 is arranged on the radially inner side of the stator 20.

  In the second embodiment, the second pitch P2B is set larger than the second pitch P2A. However, the second pitch P2B and the second pitch P2A may be set to be the same.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the windings 42 in the coil 40 are wound in two layers. For example, depending on the number of the tooth portions 30, the windings 42 in the coil 40 are wound. May be configured to be wound in three or more layers.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the winding 42 is made of a wire made of a metal mainly composed of aluminum (1000 series defined in the JIS standard). The material of the winding 42 is not limited to this. For example, the winding 42 may be made of a wire made of a metal whose main component is copper.

  In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the brushless motor 10 is an inner rotor type brushless motor, but the brushless motor 10 may be a so-called outer rotor type brushless motor. That is, the stator 20 may be disposed at the axial center of the brushless motor 10 and the rotor 12 may be disposed at the radially outer side of the stator 20. In this case, the teeth part 30 is radially extended from the substantially annular yoke part 28 radially outward of the yoke part 28.

20 ... stator (armature), 22 ... stator core (armature core), 28 ... yoke part, 30 ... teeth part, 40 ... coil, 42 ... winding, d ... Winding, P1 ... First pitch, P2 ... Second pitch, W ... Teeth width dimension

Claims (4)

An armature core configured to include a plurality of teeth portions extending radially from the annular yoke portion in the radial direction of the yoke portion;
The winding of the winding which is composed of windings aligned and concentratedly wound so as to form two or more layers on the teeth portion, and which constitutes the first layer on the circumferential side of the yoke portion with respect to the teeth portion. A coil composed of a first pitch and a second pitch set larger than the first pitch and smaller than twice the wire diameter of the winding;
Armature equipped with. The second winding of the coil that contacts the winding constituting the first pitch is the first winding portion,
The second layer winding of the coil in contact with the winding constituting the second pitch is a second winding portion,
The second winding portion is disposed on the radially inner side of the yoke portion with respect to the first winding portion, and is disposed on the teeth portion side with respect to the first winding portion. The armature according to 1. A plurality of the second pitches are formed in the coil, and the second pitch is set so as to increase as it is arranged on the radially inner side of the yoke portion,
2. The armature according to claim 1, wherein the windings of the second layer of the coil are respectively in contact with the windings constituting the second pitch.   The width dimension inside the radial direction of the yoke part in the teeth part as viewed from the axial direction of the yoke part is set smaller than the width dimension outside the radial part of the yoke part in the teeth part. The armature according to claim 2 or claim 3.