JP2015209101A - Vehicle seat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure of a vehicle seat that allows amounts of movement of the head of an occupant to the chest or the waist under a state of lying on the back and bending to be reduced by making a movement distance of a chest/waist supporting part to a rear side relatively smaller than a movement distance of a head supporting part to the rear side at a collision of a vehicle so as to prevent the occupant from suffering a whiplash injury.SOLUTION: In a vehicle seat 10, a seat shell 32 of a seat back 30 has a head supporting part 36 and a chest/waist supporting part 37, the chest/waist supporting part 37 has a back face part 371 and a pair of side parts 372, and the seat shell 32 is connected to a seat cushion 20 through a connection member 31 provided on the pair of side parts 372. At a position between the pair of side parts 372 in the chest/waist supporting part 37 is provided a slit 50 which is opened so as to move the back face part 371 to a rear side relative to the side parts 372 and the head supporting part 36 when the body of an occupant presses the seat back 30 from a seating-surface side at a collision of a vehicle.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle seat including a seat shell as a structure.

  2. Description of the Related Art A vehicle seat including a seat shell is known as a seat back structure that supports the back surface of a seated person. At the time of the rear impact of the vehicle, the seated body moves backward due to inertia and presses the front surface of the seat back. The seat shell receives this pressing force as a structure and supports the body of the seated person. In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1, the seat shell is formed into a single plate that stands up along the back of the upper body of the seated person, and the upper part of the seat shell supports the head of the seated person. The lower part functions as a thorax-lumbar support part that supports the chest and waist of the seated person.

JP 2007-76642 A

  The seat back is connected to the seat cushion by a recliner via a connecting member such as an upper arm at a lower position of the seat shell. For this reason, when the vehicle has a rear impact and the seated person's body presses the seat back from the front side, the entire seat shell rotates rearward around the vicinity of the position of the recliner. In this case, since the head support part located on the upper side of the seat shell is away from the center of rotation described above, when the strength in the vicinity of the position of the recliner is low, the head support part can move rearward more greatly than the thoracolumbar support part There is sex. Thereby, at the time of a rear collision, there is a possibility that the seated person's head will be greatly moved backward in a state where the head is turned up and down. When the amount of movement of the head backward relative to the chest and waist of the seated person is large, there is a problem that the possibility that the seated person's neck is shaken to cause a whiplash injury.

  In view of such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle seat including a seat shell to determine the distance of rearward movement of a chest and waist support portion that supports the chest and waist of a seated person at the time of rear impact of the vehicle. By making the head support part supporting the person's head backward relative to the distance moved backward, the amount of backward movement of the head relative to the chest and waist of the seated person is reduced, resulting in a whiplash injury. It is to provide a difficult structure.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, a seat back that supports a back surface of a seated person includes a seat shell as a structure, and the seat shell includes a head support part that supports the head of the seated person, and a seated person. A chest and waist support part for supporting the chest part and the waist part, and the chest and waist part support part is to support the back part located on the back side of the seated person and the side of the seated person from the back part. A vehicle seat, wherein the seat shell is connected to a seat cushion via a connecting member provided on each of the pair of side parts, and the thoracolumbar part support If the body of the seated person presses the seat back from the seating surface side at the time of the rear collision of the vehicle, the back surface portion is placed on the side portion and the head support portion. Slip open to move backward against Wherein the is provided.

  According to the first invention, the seat shell is connected to the seat cushion at the position of the pair of side portions that rises to support the side of the seated person from the back surface portion of the thoracolumbar support portion. Furthermore, a slit is provided at a position between the pair of side portions in the thoracolumbar support portion. For this reason, when the body of the seated person presses the seat back from the seating surface side at the time of the rear impact of the vehicle, the thoracolumbar support part is deformed so that the slit opens, and the back part is rearward with respect to the side part and the head support part. It will be in the state moved to. Therefore, the rearward movement distance of the back portion of the thoracolumbar support portion becomes relatively larger than the rearward movement distance of the head support portion at the time of the rear collision of the vehicle. Thereby, the amount of backward movement of the head relative to the chest and waist of the seated person can be reduced, and the occurrence of whiplash injury can be suppressed.

  2nd invention of this invention is a vehicle seat in 1st invention, Comprising: The said slit is the said thoracolumbar part support part from the lower end of the said seat shell in the boundary position of the said back part and said pair of side part. And extending in the vertical direction up to the vicinity of the boundary position between the head support portion and the head support portion.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the body of the seated person presses the seat back from the seating surface side at the time of a rear collision, the back portion of the thoracolumbar support portion is placed against the side portion and the head support portion. It rotates backward with the vicinity of the boundary position between the head and the head support part as an axis. For this reason, a backward bending moment is more intensively applied to the back surface portion, and it is easy to move backward. Thereby, it becomes possible to secure a larger amount of movement of the back part to the rear, and the amount of movement of the head to the rear with respect to the chest and waist of the seated person can be effectively reduced.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the vehicle seat according to the first or second aspect, wherein the seat back is stretched between both side portions of the slit, thereby providing an elastic force between the both side portions. In addition, an elastic member for controlling a rearward movement amount of the back surface portion is attached.

  According to the third invention, the thoracolumbar support part is deformed so as to open between both sides of the slit, and by applying an elastic force to the part by an elastic member, the deformation is allowed within a predetermined range. The amount of deformation can be limited. For this reason, when the seated person presses the seat back from the seating surface side at the time of a rear collision, the rearward movement distance of the back portion does not become too large, and the seat shell is not easily damaged.

  According to the present invention, in a vehicle seat including a seat shell, the rearward movement distance of the thoracolumbar support part is relatively larger than the rearward movement distance of the head support part at the time of rearward collision of the vehicle. Thus, the amount of backward movement of the head relative to the chest and waist of the seated person can be reduced, and a structure that is less likely to cause whiplash injury can be achieved.

It is the perspective view which looked at the vehicle seat which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention from diagonally back. It is the figure which looked at only the back pan of the vehicle seat which concerns on the said embodiment from the front. It is an enlarged view of the part III in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of only the left side structure in the cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1. In the vehicle seat according to the above-described embodiment, it is a diagram illustrating a state in which the back support portion has moved rearward with respect to the side standing wall portion and the head support portion. It is the figure which looked at only the back pan of the vehicle seat which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention from the front. It is the figure which looked only at the back pan of the vehicle seat which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention from the front.

  1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle seat 10 of the present embodiment includes a seat cushion 20 on which an occupant sits and a seat back 30 that serves as a backrest. The seat cushion 20 is a cushion pad that is placed on an iron cushion frame and covered with an outer skin, and elastically supports the load of the seated person. The seat back 30 supports the back surface of the seated person with a back pad 33 that is placed on a shell-type back pan 32 and is covered with a skin. In each figure, each direction of the vehicle when the vehicle seat 10 is attached is indicated by an arrow. In the following description, the description regarding the direction is made based on this direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the seat cushion 20 is attached to the floor F through a pair of left and right slide rails 21 so that the position can be adjusted in the front-rear direction. A cushion frame (not shown) is attached to the lower arm 22 connected to the slide rail 21. A cushion pad made of urethane foam, which is a cushion material, is placed on the cushion frame, and a cushion cover 23, which is a skin, is placed on the cushion pad to constitute the seat cushion 20.

  The seat back 30 includes a shell-type back pan 32, a back pad 33 placed thereon, and a back cover 34 placed thereon. A side standing wall portion 372 of the back pan 32 is attached to the upper arm 31 attached to the lower arm 22 via the recliner 40 with bolts and nuts. The tilt of the seat back 30 can be adjusted with respect to the seat cushion 20 by the action of the recliner 40. The upper arm 31 is provided with a locking portion 31k for attaching one end of the connection spring 60. The locking portion 31k is provided so as to be located on the opposite surface side of the seating surface of the back pan 32. The back pan 32 corresponds to a “seat shell” in the claims. The upper arm 31 corresponds to a “connecting member” in the claims.

  On the front surface (sitting surface) side of the back pan 32, a concave shape is formed so as to conform to the outer shape of the upper body of the seated person. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper side of the back pan 32 functions as a head support portion 36 that supports the head of the seated person, and the lower side of the back pan 32 supports the chest and waist of the seated person. It functions as the support part 37. The thoracolumbar support part 37 includes a back support part 371 that supports the chest and waist of the seated person from the back side, and a side standing wall part 372 that rises forward to support the left and right sides. The thoracolumbar support portion 37 is provided with a slit 50. In the vicinity of the boundary position between the head support portion 36 and the thoracolumbar support portion 37, two belt holes 32e for passing the seat belt are opened at positions corresponding to the upper shoulders of the seated person. As shown in FIG. 3, a locking portion 32 k for attaching the other end of the coupling spring 60 is provided on the inner side in the left-right direction from the slit 50 of the thoracolumbar support portion 37. The locking portion 32k is provided so as to be located on the opposite surface side of the seating surface of the back pan 32. As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal portion of the back pan 32 is formed with a folded portion 32j by folding the terminal portion rearward. The back support portion 371 corresponds to a “back portion” in the claims. The side standing wall portion 372 corresponds to a “side portion” in the claims.

  The back pan 32 is manufactured using a fiber reinforced plastic in which a carbon fiber having a fiber length of about 1 mm is used as a reinforcing material and polypropylene is used as a matrix resin. The mold is formed by press-fitting a pellet obtained by kneading the carbon fiber and polypropylene into a mold that forms a cavity having substantially the same shape as the back pan 32 when the upper and lower molds are closed. Then, it is a so-called injection molding in which the mold is cooled and removed.

  The slit 50 is a cut portion provided in the back pan 32. As shown in FIG. 2, the slits 50 are provided at two positions in the left-right direction at a position between the left and right side standing wall portions 372 in the thoracolumbar support portion 37. In the thoracolumbar support part 37, the slit 50 extends in the vertical direction along the boundary position between the back support part 371 and the side standing wall part 372. The slit 50 extends from the lower edge of the back pan 32 to the vicinity of the boundary position between the head support portion 36 and the thoracolumbar support portion 37. For this reason, the slit 50 divides the left and right ends of the back support portion 371 from the side standing wall portion 372 in the above range where the slit 50 extends. That is, the back support part 371 has a structure in which only the upper part of the back support part 371 is supported. The slit 50 is formed at the same time when the back pan 32 is injection molded.

  The connection spring 60 is constituted by a tension coil spring. As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the connection spring 60 is disposed so as to be bridged between the left and right side portions of the slit 50. The connection spring 60 is configured such that one end of the connection spring 60 is locked to a locking portion 31k formed on the upper arm 31, and the other end is locked to a locking portion 32k of the thoracolumbar support portion 37. It is attached to the seat back 30. A plurality of connection springs 60 (two in the first embodiment) are provided side by side in the vertical direction. Of the connection springs 60, the connection spring 60u on the upper side (the side closer to the center in the vertical direction of the back pan 32) has a lower spring constant than the lower connection spring 60d. The connection spring 60 corresponds to an “elastic member” in the claims.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the back pad 33 is placed on the front side (sitting surface side) of the back pan 32. The back pad 33 is made of urethane foam and functions as a cushion material that supports the weight of the seated person.

  The front side of the back pad 33 is covered with a back cover 34. A locking member 35 is attached to the end of the back cover 34. The locking member 35 is made of an elastic member having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and has an appropriate fin portion inside the substantially U-shaped cross section. As shown in FIG. 4, in the back cover 34, after the end of the back cover 34 is folded back along the folded portion 32j of the back pan 32, the fin portion of the locking member 35 holds the folded portion 32j. Thus, the back pan 32 is fixed. The back cover 34 is made of a jersey fabric that is breathable and easily stretchable.

  During the rear impact of the vehicle, the body of the seated person moves backward due to inertia and presses the seat back 30 from the front side. The back pan 32 receives this pressing force as a structure. When the back pan 32 receives the pressing force, the thoracolumbar support portion 37 is deformed so that the left and right side portions of the slit 50 are separated from each other. As a result, the back support portion 371 moves rearward with respect to the side standing wall portion 372 and the head support portion 36. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, only the back support portion 371 is rotated backward about the boundary position between the thoracolumbar support portion 37 and the head support portion 36 as an axis. As a result, the back support portion 371 of the thoracolumbar support portion 37 is moved backward, and the head support portion 36 is not substantially moved backward.

  1st Embodiment comprised as mentioned above has the following effects. The back pan 32 is connected to the seat cushion 20 at a position of a pair of side standing wall portions 372 that rise from the back support portion 371 to support the side of the seated person. Further, a slit 50 is provided at a position between the pair of side standing wall portions 372 in the thoracolumbar support portion 37. For this reason, when the seated person's body presses the seat back 30 from the front side (sitting surface side) at the time of the rear impact of the vehicle, the thoracolumbar support part 37 is deformed so that the slit 50 opens, and the back support part 371 stands sideways. It will be in the state which moved back with respect to the wall part 372 and the head support part 36. FIG. Therefore, the rearward movement distance of the rear surface support part 371 is relatively larger than the rearward movement distance of the head support part 36 at the time of rearward collision of the vehicle. Thereby, the amount of backward movement of the head relative to the chest and waist of the seated person can be reduced, and the occurrence of whiplash injury can be suppressed. More specifically, when the seated person's body presses the seat back 30 from the front side at the time of a rear collision, the back support portion 371 has a thoracolumbar support portion 37 against the side standing wall portion 372 and the head support portion 36. And the vicinity of the boundary position between the head support portion 36 and the head support portion 36 as an axis. For this reason, a backward bending moment is more intensively applied to the back surface support portion 371, and the rearward movement becomes easier. Thereby, it becomes possible to secure a larger amount of rearward movement of the back support portion 371, and the amount of rearward movement of the head relative to the chest and waist of the seated person can be effectively reduced. In addition, the thoracolumbar support portion 37 is deformed so that the left and right side portions of the slit 50 are opened. By adding elastic force to the portion by the connecting spring 60, the deformation is allowed within a predetermined range. The amount of deformation can be limited. For this reason, when the seated person presses the seat back 30 from the front side at the time of a rear collision, the rear support portion 371 does not travel too far and the back pan 32 is less likely to be damaged.

  FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment is a modification of the slit 50 of the back pan 32 according to the first embodiment, and the other structure is the same as that according to the first embodiment. The same parts as those of the structure according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The slits 70 according to the second embodiment are provided at two positions side by side in the left-right direction at a position between the left and right side standing wall portions 372 in the thoracolumbar support portion 37. In the thoracolumbar support portion 37, the slit 70 extends in the vertical direction along the boundary position between the back support portion 371 and the side standing wall portion 372. The slit 70 extends from a position in the vicinity of the lower edge of the back pan 32 to the vicinity of the boundary position between the head support portion 36 and the thoracolumbar support portion 37. For this reason, the slit 70 divides the left and right ends of the back support portion 371 from the side standing wall portion 372 in the above range where the slit 70 extends. The lower end of the slit 70 does not extend to the lower end edge of the back pan 32. For this reason, the lower end edge of the back surface support portion 371 and the lower end edge of the side standing wall portion 372 are not divided and are in a connected state. That is, the back surface support portion 371 is supported by the upper and lower portions of the back surface support portion 371. The slit 70 is formed at the same time when the back pan 32 is injection molded.

  In the second embodiment as described above, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to reduce the amount of backward movement of the head relative to the chest and waist of the seated person, and to prevent the occurrence of a whiplash injury. In the second embodiment, when the seated person presses the seat back 30 from the front side (sitting surface side) at the time of a rear collision, the thoracolumbar support portion 37 opens so that both side portions of the slit 70 are separated from each other in the front-rear direction. It deform | transforms and, thereby, the back surface support part 371 protrudes back. That is, the back support portion 371 is moved rearward with respect to the side standing wall portion 372 and the head support portion 36. Therefore, the rearward movement distance of the rear surface support part 371 is relatively larger than the rearward movement distance of the head support part 36 at the time of rearward collision of the vehicle. In addition, also in the slit 70 of the back pan 32 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, the connection spring 60 can be provided so that this slit 70 may be spanned.

  FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment is a modification of the slit 70 of the back pan 32 according to the second embodiment, and the other structure is the same as that according to the second embodiment. About the same part as the structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted. One slit 80 according to the third embodiment is provided at a position between the left and right side standing wall portions 372 in the thoracolumbar support portion 37. The slit 80 extends in the vertical direction along the horizontal center line of the back pan 32 in the back support portion 371 of the thoracolumbar support portion 37. For this reason, the slit 80 divides the back support part 371 in the left-right direction in the range where the slit 80 extends. The lower end of the slit 80 does not extend to the lower end edge of the back pan 32. For this reason, the lower end edge of the back surface support part 371 is not divided in the left-right direction, and is in a connected state. The slit 80 is formed at the same time when the back pan 32 is injection molded.

  In the third embodiment as described above, similarly to the first embodiment and the second embodiment, it is possible to reduce the amount of backward movement of the head with respect to the chest and waist of the seated person, thereby suppressing the occurrence of whiplash injury. . In the third embodiment, when the seated person's body presses the seat back 30 from the seating surface side at the time of the rear collision, the thoracolumbar support portion 37 opens so that both sides of the slit 80 are separated from each other to the left and right. It deform | transforms and, thereby, the back surface support part 371 protrudes back. That is, the back support portion 371 is moved rearward with respect to the side standing wall portion 372 and the head support portion 36. Therefore, the rearward movement distance of the rear surface support part 371 is relatively larger than the rearward movement distance of the head support part 36 at the time of rearward collision of the vehicle. In addition, also in the slit 80 of the back pan 32 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment, the connection spring 60 can be provided so that this slit 80 may be spanned.

  As mentioned above, although specific embodiment was described, this invention is not limited to those external appearances and structures, A various change, addition, and deletion are possible in the range which does not change the summary of this invention.

  For example, in the first to third embodiments, as the material of the back pan 32, a fiber reinforced plastic using carbon short fibers as a reinforcing material and polypropylene as a matrix resin is used. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and glass fibers may be used for the reinforcing material, another thermoplastic resin such as polyamide may be used for the matrix resin, or a thermosetting resin such as a phenol resin may be used. In addition, the reinforcing material may be formed by laminating a plurality of woven fabrics made of continuous fibers such as carbon and glass, or using a plate-like felt, and impregnating the woven fabric or felt with polypropylene as a matrix resin. .

  In the first to third embodiments, the slits 50, 70, and 80 are formed at the same time when the back pan 32 is formed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the back pan 32 may be formed by cutting off portions corresponding to the slits 50, 70, 80 in a subsequent process after the back pan 32 is formed.

  Moreover, in 3rd Embodiment, the structure where the lower end of the slit 80 did not extend to the lower end edge of the back pan 32 was shown. However, the lower end of the slit 80 may extend to the lower end edge of the back pan 32.

  In the first to third embodiments, only the slits extending in the vertical direction are provided as the slits 50, 70, 80. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a structure in which a slit extending in the left-right direction is provided together with a slit extending in the up-down direction may be used.

  In the first embodiment, two connection springs 60 are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of connecting springs may be one or three or more.

  In the first to third embodiments, the connection spring 60 is attached so as to be positioned on the rear surface side of the back pan 32 (opposite surface side of the seating surface). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the connection spring 60 may be attached so as to be positioned on the front surface side (sitting surface side) of the back pan 32. In this case, since the connection spring 60 and the locking portions 31k and 32k are not visible from the outside of the back pan 32, the appearance of the seat back 30 can be improved. In addition, the left and right sides of the connecting spring 60 are locked so as to be positioned on the rear surface side of the back pan 32, and the other side is locked so as to be positioned on the front side of the back pan 32 through the slit. Good.

  In the first to third embodiments, in order to attach the connection spring 60, a locking portion 31 k provided on the upper arm 31 and a locking portion 32 k provided on the thoracolumbar support portion 37 of the back pan 32 are provided. An example of use is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a structure in which both of the locking portions are directly provided on the back pan 32 (for example, the locking portion 31k on the left side of FIG. 4 is not the upper arm 31 but the side standing wall 372). (Structure provided directly), or both are provided via other parts (for example, the locking portion 32k on the right side of FIG. 4 is provided on an appropriate metal reinforcing part. Structure).

  Moreover, in 1st-3rd embodiment, the connection spring 60 which is a tension coil spring was used as an elastic member. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a torsion coil spring or a leaf spring may be used. Furthermore, for example, an elastomer such as rubber may be used.

  Moreover, in 1st-3rd embodiment, although this invention was applied to the sheet | seat of a motor vehicle, you may apply to the sheet | seat mounted in an airplane, a ship, a train, etc.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vehicle seat 20 Seat cushion 30 Seat back 31 Upper arm (connection member)
32 Back pan (seat shell)
36 Head part support part 37 Thoracolumbar part support part 371 Back support part (back part)
372 Side standing wall (side)
50 Slit 60 Connecting spring (elastic member)

Claims (3)

The seat back that supports the back of the seated person has a seat shell as a structure,
The seat shell has a head support portion that supports the seated person's head, and a chest / back support portion that supports the chest and waist of the seated person,
The thoracolumbar support part has a back part located on the back side of the seated person and a pair of side parts that stand up to support the side of the seated person from the back part,
A vehicle seat in which the seat shell is connected to a seat cushion via connecting members provided on the pair of side portions,
In the position between the pair of side portions in the thoracolumbar support portion, when the seated person's body presses the seat back from the seating surface side at the time of rear-end collision of the vehicle, the back portion is placed on the side portion and the side portion. A vehicle seat characterized by being provided with a slit that opens backward so as to move backward relative to the head support. The vehicle seat according to claim 1,
The slit extends vertically from the lower end of the seat shell to the vicinity of the boundary position between the thoracolumbar support part and the head support part at the boundary position between the back part and the pair of side parts. A vehicle seat characterized by having A vehicle seat according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein
The seat back is provided with an elastic member that is stretched between both side portions of the slit, thereby applying an elastic force between the both side portions to control a rearward deformation amount of the back surface portion. A vehicle seat characterized by

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