JP2015208833A - Fastening/loosening adaptor and fastening machine equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fastening/loosening adaptor provided with a reaction receiver capable of smoothly performing fastening/loosening work even in a narrow width space.SOLUTION: A fastening/loosening adaptor 20 is installed to a fastening machine 10 equipped with an inner shaft 13, and an outer shaft 14 coaxially formed at a rotation center of the inner shaft and rotating in an opposite direction to the inner shaft. The fastening/loosening adaptor 20 is provided with an inner socket 30 equipped with a socket 31 capable of engaging with a fastening member 70, and connected to the inner shaft; and an outer holder 40 formed on an outer periphery of the inner socket, and connected to the outer shaft. The outer holder is equipped with a reaction receiver 50 which is rockably supported by the outer holder in a surface generally orthogonal to the rotation center, a regulating member 46 for regulating a rocking range of the reaction receiver, and energizing means 60 for energizing the reaction receiver toward the regulating member.

Description

  The present invention relates to a tightening / adapting adapter mounted on a tightening machine in a tightening operation of a fastening member such as a bolt. More specifically, the present invention relates to a reaction force receiver that provides a reaction force in a tightening direction. The present invention relates to a tightening / loosening adapter provided and a tightening machine including the adapter.

  A tightening machine is used for tightening and loosening various fastening members such as bolts, nuts, and so-called shear bolts. The tightening machine has an output shaft composed of an inner shaft and an outer shaft that rotate in opposite directions, and a tightening adapter connected to the inner shaft and the outer shaft is mounted on the output shaft.

  The tightening / loosening adapter includes an inner socket connected to the inner shaft and tightening / fastening a fastening member, and an outer holder connected to the outer shaft and provided with a reaction force receiver outward (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ).

  The reaction force receiver provided on the outer holder applies a reaction force in the tightening direction by applying it to the already tightened fastening member or peripheral structure during the fastening work of the fastening member by the inner socket. The tightening machine can be prevented from swinging due to the reaction force.

JP 07-88777 A

  As shown in FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (c), another structure 82 covers a narrow space, particularly right above the fastening member 70, and the inner socket 90 is placed on the fastening member 70 from directly above. The tightening work may be performed under circumstances where straight access is not possible. The illustrated example is a schematic diagram of a railroad rail 80 and a derailment-preventing guardrail 82, in which the guardrail 82 is bolted to a sleeper 81.

  In such a case, as shown in FIG. 11, a loosening adapter 91 in which the inner socket 90 is offset from the inner shaft is used. In the following description, an example in which the inner socket 90 and the inner shaft are connected so as to be rotatable in opposite directions by the power transmission means will be described.

  In the tightening operation, a tightening / adjusting adapter 91 is inserted from the gap 83 between the rail 80 and the guard rail 82, and a reaction force receiver 92 projecting on the opposite side of the inner socket 90 with the inner shaft interposed therebetween. Is applied to the rail 80, and tightening (FIG. 11 (a)) and loosening (FIG. 11 (b)) are performed while receiving the reaction forces F2 and F3 by the reaction force receiver 92.

  As can be seen with reference to FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b), in the tightening operation and the loosening operation, the rotational directions R4 and R5 of the inner socket 90 also change, so the reaction force F2 acting on the reaction force receiver 92 is changed. The direction is opposite to the direction of F3. Therefore, it is necessary to change the insertion direction of the tightening / loosening adapter 91 between the tightening operation and the loosening operation. However, in a narrow space, the reaction force receiver 92 cannot be swung in the space.

  For this reason, it is necessary to once pull out the tightening / loosening adapter 91 from the fastening member 70, change the direction of the reaction force receiver 92, insert the tightening / loosening adapter 91 from the gap 83, and re-engage with the fastening member 70.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a tightening / adjusting adapter provided with a reaction force receiver capable of smoothly performing a tightening operation even in a narrow space, and a tightening machine including the same.

In order to solve the above problem, the tightening adapter of the present invention is:
A tightening / loosening adapter that is mounted on a tightening machine that includes an inner shaft and an outer shaft that is formed concentrically with the rotation center of the inner shaft and rotates in a reverse direction with respect to the inner shaft,
An inner socket connected to the inner shaft, including a socket engageable with a fastening member;
An outer holder formed on the outer periphery of the inner socket and connected to the outer shaft;
With
In the outer holder,
A reaction force receiver that is swingably supported by the outer holder in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation center;
A regulating member that regulates the swing range of the reaction force receiver;
Urging means for urging the reaction force receiver toward the regulating member;
With

    It is desirable that the outer holder is provided with a pair of reaction force receivers, and the pair of reaction force receivers are biased in a direction away from each other by the biasing means.

  According to the tightening / loosening adapter of the present invention, the reaction force receiver can be swung, so that the reaction force receiver can be swung against the urging force of the urging means when inserted into a narrow space. Can be made. Accordingly, it is possible to solve the problem that the tightening adapter cannot be inserted due to the reaction force receiving being in the way. In addition, when tightening, the reaction force receiver is pressed against the regulating means by the urging force of the urging means, and in this state, the reaction force receiver is applied to the structure or the like so that the reaction force acting on the tightening machine is tightened. Can receive power.

  By adopting a configuration in which the pair of reaction force receivers are urged in directions away from each other by the urging means, it is possible to cope with reaction forces received from either tightening or loosening directions. Therefore, in the tightening / loosening operation in a narrow space, it is not necessary to change the insertion direction of the tightening / loosening adapter between the tightening operation and the loosening operation, and the work efficiency can be increased as much as possible.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a cross-section of a main part of a tightening machine equipped with a tightening / loosening adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the loosening adapter. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the loosening adapter. FIG. 4 is a rear view of the loosening adapter. FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the loosening adapter. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 7A and 7B are explanatory views showing a process of inserting the tightening / loosening adapter into the narrow space, where FIG. 7A is a plan view and FIG. 7B is viewed from the direction of the arrow α in FIG. 7A. FIG. FIGS. 8A and 8B are explanatory views showing a process in which the reaction force receiver expands after the tightening adapter is inserted into the narrow space, FIG. 8A is a plan view, and FIG. 8B is FIG. It is the figure seen from the arrow (alpha) direction of (). FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a process of engaging the fastening member with the socket after the reaction force receiver is deployed, FIG. 9 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 9 (b) is an arrow in FIG. 9 (a). It is the figure seen from the (alpha) direction. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the tightening member is tightened by the tightening / loosening adapter according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 (a) is a plan view of the tightening operation, FIG. 10 (b) is a plan view of the loosening operation, and FIG. 10 (c) is a view as seen from the direction of the arrow α in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b). FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the fastening member is tightened with the fastening adapter described in the background art. FIG. 11 (a) is a plan view of the fastening work, and FIG. FIG. 11B is a plan view of the loosening operation, and FIG. 11C is a view as seen from the direction of the arrow α in FIGS. 11A and 11B.

  Hereinafter, a tightening / loosening adapter 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention and a tightening machine 10 equipped with the same will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In the following description, the tightening / loosening adapter 20 and the tightening machine 10 according to the present invention are prevented from derailing to work in a narrow space, for example, the sleepers 81 of the rail 80 of the railway as shown in FIGS. Although the embodiment applied to the operation | work which bolts the guardrail 82 of this is demonstrated, of course, it is applicable also except under such a condition.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a principal part of a tightening machine 10 to which a tightening / loosening adapter 20 is attached. 2 to 6 show the loosening adapter 20.
As shown in FIG. 1, the clamping machine 10 is formed by protruding a cylindrical casing 12 from a clamping machine body 11. An inner shaft 13 and an outer shaft 14 are arranged concentrically at the tip of the casing 12.

  The inner shaft 13 and the outer shaft 14 are disposed so as to be rotatable in directions opposite to each other via a planetary gear mechanism 16 from a drive source 15 such as a motor.

  A loosening adapter 20 can be attached to and detached from the tips of the shafts 13 and 14. The fastening adapter 20 can be composed of an inner socket 30 and an outer holder 40 that rotatably supports the inner socket 30 on the outer periphery of the inner socket 30.

  The inner socket 30 is connected to the inner shaft 13 so as to be integrally rotatable, and has a socket 31 that can be engaged with the fastening member 70 on the distal end side.

  The outer holder 40 is connected to the outer shaft 14 so as to be integrally rotatable, and includes reaction force receivers 50 and 50 that are swingably mounted. The outer holder 40 also serves as a support for the inner shaft 13 and the socket 31 as will be described later.

  In the illustrated embodiment, as best shown in FIG. 6, the inner socket 30 is formed with an inner connection portion 32 connected to the inner shaft 13 at the proximal end, and the inner connection rod 32 extends from the distal end of the inner connection portion 32. 33 extends. A socket 31 is disposed at the tip of the inner connecting rod 33 at a position offset in a direction parallel to the axis of the inner connecting rod 33. The length of the inner connecting rod 33 can be determined according to the required reach length. When the access distance to the fastening member is long, the inner connecting rod 33 is formed long and When the access distance is short, the inner connecting rod 33 may be formed short. Further, when it is not necessary to offset the inner connecting rod 33 and the socket 31, the socket 31 may be provided at the tip of the inner connecting rod 33.

  The inner connecting rod 33 and the socket 31 can be transmitted power by power transmission means 34 and 35 such as a spiral gear or a spur gear. That is, the connection of the rotation of the inner connecting rod 33 to the socket 31 so that the socket 31 rotates. Has been. In the illustrated embodiment, since the power transmission means 34 of the inner connecting rod 33 and the power transmission means 35 of the socket 31 are directly meshed, the rotation direction of the inner connection rod 33 and the rotation direction of the socket 31 are opposite to each other. If rotation in the same direction is desired, an intermediate gear or the like may be inserted between the power transmission means 34 and 35.

  The socket 31 has an engagement recess 36 that is engaged with a fastening member such as a bolt on the tip side.

  The outer holder 40 is disposed on the outer periphery of the inner connection portion 32 of the inner socket 30, and includes an outer connection portion 41 connected to the outer shaft 14 and an outer connection tube 42 on the outer periphery of the inner connection rod 33. An outer case 43 is formed at the tip. The outer case 43 has the tip of the inner connecting rod 33 inserted therein, holds the power transmission means 34 and 35 and the socket 31, and supports reaction force receivers 50 and 50 described later.

  In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the outer case 43 has a semicircular shape in front of the socket 31 and a rectangular shape in the rear where the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are supported, The inner connecting rod 33 is supported at a substantially intermediate position.

  More specifically, the socket 31 and the inner connecting rod 33 are arranged such that the axis is located on the virtual plane P at the center in the left-right direction of the outer case 43. On the other hand, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are disposed in concave portions 44, 44 formed at both corners of the rear end of the outer case 43 so as to be in a line-symmetrical position with respect to the virtual plane P.

  The reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are swingably supported by the outer case 43. More specifically, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are swingably supported in the plane orthogonal to the axis of the inner connecting rod 33 as indicated by arrows R1 and R2 in FIG. Has been. Specifically, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are supported by the pivots 52, 52 in the recesses 44, 44 of the outer case 43, respectively.

  In the figure, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are members having a substantially rectangular cross section supported on the pivots 52, 52 on the base end side, and a contact surface 51 that contacts a structure such as the rail 80 is formed inside the tip end. Has been. The contact surface 51 is desirably formed so as to be arranged in a line as shown in FIG. 3 in a state where the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are separated from each other (hereinafter referred to as “deployment”).

  The reaction force receivers 50, 50 can be urged in the direction in which the outer case 43 is deployed by the urging means 60, 60. For example, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 6, torsion springs can be exemplified as the urging means 60 and 60. The torsion springs can be mounted by fitting coil portions on the pivot shafts 52, respectively. Then, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, one arm 61 is fitted in the hole 45 formed in the reaction force receiver 50, and the other arm 62 is brought into contact with the recesses 44, 44, so that the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are It is possible to bias in directions away from each other.

  As best shown in FIG. 4, the urging means 60, 60 is configured so that one is disposed above the reaction force receiver 50 and the other is disposed below the reaction force receiver 50. The parts of the force receivers 50 and 50 can be shared.

  The swing range of the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 can be regulated by the regulating members 46 and 46. As shown in FIG. 3, the regulating members 46, 46 can use the inner surfaces of the recesses 44, 44. In other words, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are in contact with the inner surfaces of the recesses 44 and 44 in a state where the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are deployed, so that the swing range of the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 is restricted.

  With respect to the tightening / loosening adapter 20 configured as described above, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are unfolded by the urging force of the urging means 60 and 60 as shown by reference numerals 50a and 50a in FIGS. The reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are in contact with the regulating members 46 and 46.

  In the unfolded state, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 react against the regulating members 46 and 46 even if they are subjected to a force in the direction indicated by the arrow F1 in FIGS. 3 and 5, more specifically, a reaction force in the tightening operation. Since the force receivers 50 and 50 are in contact with each other, the force receivers 50 and 50 do not move further in the deployment direction.

  Then, from this state, when a force is applied in the direction indicated by the arrow F1 in FIGS. 3 and 5, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 swing and approach in the direction of the arrow R1. The reaction force receiver that has swung and approached is indicated by 50b and 50b in FIGS. 3 and 5 and is referred to as a “stored” state. In addition, the rocking | fluctuation angle of the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 changes with positions where the force which acts is applied.

  When the force acting from the retracted state is removed, it expands in the direction of the arrow R2 in FIGS. 3 and 5 and returns to the state of the above-described symbols 50a and 50a.

  That is, when inserting the tightening / loosening adapter 20 through a narrow space gap, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are inserted from the direction of arrow F1 in FIGS. 3 and 5 so as to abut against the end face of the gap. Thus, the gap can be passed. And if it passes through a clearance gap, since the force which acts on the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 will be removed, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 will expand | deploy.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the tightening / loosening adapter 20 of the present invention is attached to the tightening machine 10 by connecting the inner connection portion 32 to the inner shaft 13 and connecting the outer connection portion 41 to the outer shaft 14. be able to. And by operating the drive source 15, the inner shaft 13 and the outer shaft 14 rotate, respectively, and the inner socket 30 and the outer holder 40 rotate integrally with these.

  In this embodiment, the inner connecting rod 33 rotates in the same direction due to the rotation of the inner shaft 13, and the socket 31 connected so as to be able to transmit power by the power transmission means 34, 35 rotates in the opposite direction to the inner shaft 13. To do.

  That is, the socket 31 and the outer holder 40 rotate in the same direction. However, by tightening the fastening member, the reaction force acting on the fastening machine 10 from the inner socket 90 acts in the opposite direction to the fastening direction. The rotation of the outer holder 40 is prevented by the reaction force receiver 50 coming into contact with the structure, and the relative rotation between the outer holder 40 and the clamping machine 10 is fixed by the reaction force received by the reaction force receiver 50, and the inner shaft 13. Only the socket 31 is rotated, and the socket 31 formed at the offset position tightens and loosens the fastening member.

  A tightening operation in a narrow space using the tightening / adapting adapter 20 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 are explanatory views showing a process of fixing or removing the guard rail 82 for preventing derailment from the sleeper 81 of the rail 80 of the rail with the bolt 70. FIG. A clearance 83 serving as an intrusion path for the tightening / loosening adapter 20 is narrowly formed by the rail 80 and the guard rail 82, and the guard rail 82 extends directly above the bolt 70 that is a fastening member. .

  In order to insert the tightening / adjusting adapter 20 in such a narrow space, first, the outer case 43 is caused to enter the gap 83 as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). At this time, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are arranged so that the tightening adapter 20 is moved forward, that is, on the socket 31 side so that a force acts from the end surface of the gap 83 in the direction indicated by the arrow F 1 in FIGS. 3 and 5 described above. It is desirable to tilt to invade first.

  When the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are inserted into the gap 83, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are in the retracted state as shown in FIG. 7 and can pass through the gap 83.

  When the tightening / loosening adapter 20 is further pushed in from the state of FIG. 7, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 pass through the gap 83, and the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are urged by the urging means 60 and 60 (FIGS. 7 and 8). It develops as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B by the urging force (not shown).

  In the state where the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are deployed, as shown in FIG. 9, the fastening adapter 20 is rotated by about 90 ° (arrow R3 in FIG. 9), and the socket 31 is engaged with the bolt 70. Then, by operating the drive source 15 in a direction corresponding to the tightening or loosening operation of the bolt 70, the tightening / loosening operation is performed as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c).

  For example, in the tightening operation, as shown in FIG. 10A, the contact surface 51 of the reaction force receiver 50c opposite to the tightening direction R4 comes into contact with the rail 80, which is a structure, and the bolt 70 is tightened. The bolt 70 is tightened while receiving the reaction force F2.

  On the other hand, in the case of the loosening operation, as shown in FIG. 10B, the reaction force receiver 50d opposite to the loosening direction R5 contacts the rail 80 and receives the reaction force F3 generated when the bolt 70 is loosened. The bolt 70 is loosened.

  As described above, according to the tightening / loosening adapter 20 of the present invention, when inserted into the gap 83, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 are stored so that they can be inserted into narrow gaps. The receptacles 50 and 50 can be deployed to receive the reaction force in the tightening operation.

  Further, even when the bolt 70 is loosened during the tightening operation or when the bolt 70 is tightened during the loosening operation, only the drive direction of the drive source 15 is reversed, as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b). As described above, when the tightening / loosening adapter 20 rotates by a predetermined angle, one of the reaction force receivers 50, 50 comes into contact with the rail 80. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove the tightening / loosening adapter 20 from the bolt 70 once by tightening and loosening, so that the tightening / loosening operation can be performed smoothly and work efficiency can be increased as much as possible. it can.

  When the tightening work is completed, the bolt 70 is removed from the socket 31, and the tightening / loosening adapter 20 is rotated as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to extract | tighten the adapter 20 for loosening so that it may contact | abut from the direction shown to F1, and may be in a retracted state as shown in FIG. At this time, it is desirable that the tightening / loosening adapter 20 is inclined so that the front side, that is, the socket 31 side first enters the gap 83.

  By further pulling the tightening / loosening adapter 20 from this state, the reaction force receivers 50, 50 pass through the gap 83, and the tightening / loosening adapter 20 can be extracted from the narrow space.

  The above description is for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the claims or limiting the scope thereof. Further, the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the reaction force receiver 50 is a pair, but when used only for tightening or loosening, only one reaction force receiver may be used.

  The shape of the reaction force receivers 50, 50, the biasing method, and the method for regulating the swing range are not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 may be configured such that the base ends are connected to each other by a gear, a link, or the like so that the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are expanded and stored. In this case, either one of the urging means can be omitted.

  Further, the mounting positions of the reaction force receivers 50 and 50 are not limited to the corners of the outer case 43 as long as the deployment and storage states can be shifted. For example, a flange may be formed on the peripheral surface of the outer case 43 and attached.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tightening machine 13 Inner shaft 14 Outer shaft 20 Tightening / loosening adapter 30 Inner socket 33 Inner connecting rod 40 Outer holder 46 Control member 50 Reaction force receiver 60 Energizing means P Virtual plane

Claims (6)

A tightening / loosening adapter that is mounted on a tightening machine that includes an inner shaft and an outer shaft that is formed concentrically with the rotation center of the inner shaft and rotates in a reverse direction with respect to the inner shaft,
An inner socket connected to the inner shaft, including a socket engageable with a fastening member;
An outer holder formed on the outer periphery of the inner socket and connected to the outer shaft;
With
In the outer holder,
A reaction force receiver that is swingably supported by the outer holder in a plane substantially orthogonal to the rotation center;
A regulating member that regulates the swing range of the reaction force receiver;
Urging means for urging the reaction force receiver toward the regulating member;
A loosening adapter characterized by comprising: The outer holder is provided with a pair of reaction force receivers, and the pair of reaction force receivers are biased in a direction away from each other by the biasing means.
The tightening / adjusting adapter according to claim 1. The center of oscillation of the pair of reaction force receivers is parallel to the axis of the inner socket and symmetrical with respect to a virtual plane passing through the axis, and the reaction force is applied by the biasing means. The tip of the receiver is biased in a direction away from the virtual plane,
The tightening / adjusting adapter according to claim 2. The outer holder has substantially rectangular corner portions, and the pair of reaction force receivers are respectively disposed at the corner portions.
The tightening / adjusting adapter according to claim 3. The inner socket includes an inner connecting rod connected to the inner shaft, and the socket is offset in a direction parallel to an axis of the inner connecting rod, and the inner connecting rod and the socket transmit power. Connected by means,
The tightening / adjusting adapter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   A tightening machine comprising the tightening / loosening adapter according to claim 1.

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