JP2015208084A - Power management system, power management method, and power management program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to efficiently perform power management such as power consumption reduction planning, with respect to a plurality of large scale power consumption systems.SOLUTION: A power management system for managing power consumption in a plurality of power consumption systems calculates adjustment surplus power of power consumption in a power consumption system; calculates a target power reduction amount on power consumption consumed by each power consumption system, on the basis of a result of the adjustment surplus power calculation; configures and solves an operation plan problem for implementing the target power reduction amount; determines whether or not a result of the lead solution satisfies a target; reconfigures, when it is determined that the target is not satisfied, the operation plan problem and executes processing of repeatedly solving the problem until a solution is obtained; and calculates a power reduction amount in each power consumption system, on the basis of the solution.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power management system, a power management method, and a power management program.

  The water supply system is a highly important social infrastructure as a lifeline. In such a water supply system, a water operation plan is drawn up in order to operate a water supply facility appropriately for the water demand of the consumer and to deliver water stably to the consumer. The water operation plan predicts the water demand up to several days ahead using the past water demand data, weather information, etc., and formulates the operation schedule of the transmission and distribution pump based on the prediction result .

In Patent Document 1, in order to formulate an operation plan for a wide-area water supply facility, an operation plan for minimizing this by providing terms for the power consumption of the pump and the fluctuation in the amount of water delivered by the pump in the objective function of the operation plan problem. It is proposed to plan. Thereby, after suppressing the fluctuation | variation of the water supply amount, it is going to minimize the power consumption of 1 day, for example. In addition, by limiting the number of pumps that can be operated during peak hours of power consumption, solving the planning problem and formulating an operation plan, it copes with peak power cuts. In addition, the operational planning problem is solved using a genetic algorithm (hereinafter referred to as “GA”). The amount of water to be planned takes a discrete value, and the value changes over time. In Patent Document 1, a time series change in the amount of water supply is expressed by a set of combinations (T, Q) of the flow rate change time T and the flow rate Q at that time. GA is applied using this combination of time and flow rate as one gene.

JP 2004-250961 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, although the operation plan problem solving method for a wide area facility in one water supply entity can be carried out in real time, an operation plan for the entire facilities of a plurality of water supply entities, such as peak shift of electric power, is formulated. When doing so, there is a problem that the real-time solution becomes difficult because the search space expands dramatically.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above and other problems, and one object of the present invention is to efficiently perform power management such as a power consumption saving plan for a plurality of large-scale power consumption systems. The present invention provides a power management system, a power management method, and a power management program that enable the above.

An aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object and other objects is a power management system for managing power consumption in a plurality of power consumption systems, the power consumption existing in each of the power consumption systems Adjustment capacity calculation unit for calculating the adjustment capacity of power consumption in each of the power consumption systems based on the facility information of the facility and the operation information of the power consumption facility, and the calculation result of the adjustment capacity by the adjustment capacity calculation unit Based on the target power reduction amount calculating unit for calculating the target power reduction amount for the power consumption consumed by the power consuming equipment existing in each power consumption system, and each based on the target power reduction amount An operation plan problem setting unit for setting an operation plan problem for realizing the target power reduction amount in the power consumption system, and each of the power consumption systems An operation plan problem solution search unit for solving the operation plan problem and a solution result derived by the operation plan problem solution search unit for each of the power consumption systems to determine whether or not the target power reduction amount is satisfied. And a power reduction amount calculation unit that receives a solution for each of the power consumption systems from the solution result determination unit and calculates a power reduction amount that can be realized based on the solution. When the solution result determination unit determines that the target power reduction amount is not satisfied, the operation plan problem solution search unit is configured to notify the operation plan problem setting unit of information to that effect and reset the operation plan problem. The power reduction amount calculation unit calculates the power reduction amount in each power consumption system based on the solution from the solution result determination unit. A power management system according to claim.

  According to one aspect of the present invention described above, a power management system, a power management method, and power that can efficiently perform power management such as a power consumption saving plan for a plurality of large-scale power consumption systems. A management program is provided.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration example of a power management system 1 for a water operation planning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a transmission / distribution system of a general water utility. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a system configuration example of the water operation planning system 200 of FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the energy management system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for calculating the power consumption peak shift amount. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the power adjustment surplus capacity utilizing the storage capacity of the distribution reservoir in the transmission and distribution system. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the power adjustment surplus capacity using the naturally distributed water distribution in the water distribution system. FIG. 8 is a processing flow example (part 1) of the water operation plan formulation of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a processing flow example (part 2) of the water operation plan formulation of the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is a processing flow example (part 3) of the water operation plan formulation of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a processing flow example (No. 4) of the water operation plan formulation of the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a processing flow example (No. 5) of the water operation plan formulation of the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is an example (part 1) of a processing flow for formulating a water operation plan according to another embodiment. FIG. 14 is a process flow example (part 2) of water operation plan formulation according to another embodiment. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the power management apparatus 100 according to another embodiment. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a processing flow when the power peak cut target value cannot be realized.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a power management system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration example of a power management system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power management system 1 of the present embodiment includes an energy management system (hereinafter “EMS”) 100 as a power management apparatus, water operation planning systems 200A, 200B, and 200C that are power consumption systems to be managed, and can communicate them. And communication paths 300A, 300B, and 300C serving as transmission paths for various information. The water operation planning systems 200A, 200B, and 200C are systems for performing transmission / distribution plan management in accordance with demand fluctuations in a transmission / distribution system operated by an organization such as a local government. In FIG. 1, three water operation planning systems 200 </ b> A to 200 </ b> C are illustrated, but any number of water operation planning systems can be incorporated in the power management system 1 of the present embodiment. In order to clarify this, in FIG. 1, the water operation planning systems 200A to 200C are respectively referred to as a water operation planning system 1, a water operation planning system 2, and a water operation planning system n, and n water operation planning systems are included. It is supposed to be. EMS100 realizes the peak cut of the total power consumption of water supply facilities (especially transmission and distribution facilities) managed by each water operation planning system 200A to 200C, and coordinately manages them while exchanging information with each water operation planning system. It has the function to do. The communication paths 300A to 300C are communication lines such as dedicated lines that satisfy the required security requirements, and are configured to be able to realize communication using an appropriate communication protocol.

  Here, the configuration of the water supply facility operated by the water operation planning systems 200A to 200C will be described. FIG. 2 shows an example of a water supply facility operated by the water operation planning system 1 (200A). In FIG. 2, reference numeral 401 denotes a dam, and reference numeral 402 denotes a river, which is a water intake source of the water supply facility. This water source may be another water source such as a lake or a reservoir. Reference numeral 411 denotes a water purification plant, which performs filtration processing, disinfection processing, and the like of water sent from the dam 401. Water supply from the dam 401 to the water purification plant 411 is performed under a natural flow due to gravity, and the amount of water supply is controlled by a valve 452. Reference numeral 412 is also a water purification plant, which performs filtration processing, disinfection processing, and the like of water sent from the river 402. Water supply from the river 402 to the water purification plant 412 is performed by a water supply pump 431. As the water supply pump 431, a normally fixed speed is utilized, and the amount of water supply can be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of operating units.

  The purified water purified (filtered and disinfected) at the water purification plants 411 and 412 is stored in the distribution reservoirs 421 and 422, respectively. The purified water in the distribution reservoir 421 is sent to the distribution reservoir 423 by the water supply pump 433 and to the distribution reservoir 424 by natural flow. As the water pump 433, a fixed speed pump is usually used. The amount of water supplied to the distribution reservoir 423 is controlled by the number of water pumps 433 operated. The purified water in the distribution reservoirs 423 and 424 is supplied to the distribution areas 441 and 442, respectively, by natural flow using gravity. The purified water in the distribution reservoir 422 is supplied to the distribution area 443 by the distribution pump 432. A variable speed pump is used as the water distribution pump 432. Valves 454 and 455 are provided to control the water distribution pressure in the water distribution areas 441 and 442. In addition, water can be accommodated from the distribution area 442 to the distribution area 443, and the accommodation amount is controlled by the flow rate adjustment valve 451. In addition, FIG. 2 is an example and the number and kind of a water source, a water purification plant, a water distribution area, a water supply pump, and a water distribution area are various.

  The flow rate adjusted by the water pumps 431 to 433 and the valves 452 to 455 is such that the water purification treatment at the water purification plants 411 and 412 is stably performed, and the energy consumption and the operation cost by the water pumps 431 to 433 are minimized. It is necessary to plan to become. It is also desirable to be able to respond to power peak cut requests from power companies and the like. The water operation planning systems 200 </ b> A to 200 </ b> C are systems for formulating such an operation plan for water supply facilities, and plan values of the flow rate flowing through each pipeline using information such as the storage amount of the distribution reservoirs 421 and 422. It has a function to calculate and present it to the operation planner.

Next, paying attention to the water operation planning system 200A, a configuration example and functions thereof will be described. FIG. 3 shows an example of the overall system configuration of the power management system 1 according to the present embodiment, paying attention to the water operation planning system 200A. The power management system 1 includes an EMS 100, water operation planning systems 1, 2,..., N (200A to 200C), a router 310, and a communication network 300. The EMS 100 is communicably connected to the water operation planning systems 1, 2,..., N (200A to 200C), the router 310 that performs route control, and the communication network 300. Here, the communication network 300 is assumed to be an IP network based on the Internet protocol, but is not particularly limited thereto. Necessary for power peak cut to be executed in the water operation planning systems 1, 2,..., N between the EMS 100 and the water operation planning systems 1, 2,..., N (200A to 200C) via the communication network 300. Various information is exchanged. This information includes, for example, the facility information and operation information of the water facilities handled by each of the water operation planning systems 1 to n, the target power peak cut amount of the water facility power consumption calculated by the EMS 100, and the like. Although FIG. 3 shows the detailed configuration of only the water operation planning system 1 (200A), the other water operation planning systems 2 to n have the same configuration.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the structure of the water operation planning system 1 (200A) and the detail of the process performed are demonstrated. The water operation planning system 200A is configured as a general computer having a communication function as hardware, and is a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
) Etc., processor 210, ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), memory device 220 such as flash memory, data input unit 230 including input devices such as keyboard, mouse, touch panel, display monitor A display unit 240 including an output device such as a printer, and a communication unit 250 including a communication module such as a network interface card (NIC).

  The processor 210 implements the function of the water operation planning system 200A using data and programs stored in the memory 220 described later. The memory 220 includes a demand quantity database 225, a weather information database 226, and an equipment information condition database 227 that store data used for arithmetic processing, a demand prediction unit 221 that is a program executed by the processor 210, an operation A plan problem setting unit 222, an operation plan problem solution searching unit 24, and a solution search result determining unit 224 are provided. In addition to the memory 220, an auxiliary storage device such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a semiconductor drive (SSD) is provided, and the database (hereinafter referred to as “DB”) and programs are always stored, and the processor 210 performs data processing. You may make it read to the memory 220 at the time of execution.

  Using the data input unit 230, the operation planner of the water operation planning system 200A can use a forecast period (for example, 24 hours from 0:00 to 24:00 on the next day) and a forecast cycle (for example, 1) Time period), operation plan increments (such as planning operation plan values in increments of 1 hour from 0:00 to 24:00), and the like. The data input unit 230 may include, for example, a network interface that captures data from an external network in addition to the above-described man-machine interface such as a keyboard and a mouse.

The demand amount DB 225 is a database that stores history data indicating past water demand amounts of the water distribution areas 441, 442, and 443 in FIG. The weather information DB 226 is a database that stores historical data (for example, weather at a certain date, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, humidity, etc.) indicating past weather data. The facility information DB 227 includes information on the upper and lower limits of the pipe flow rate of the water transmission and distribution system illustrated in FIG. 3, the upper and lower limit information of the reservoir storage amount, and the power consumption characteristic information of the pump (necessary for sending 1 m ³ of water. It is a database that stores information related to the facilities of the transmission and distribution system, including power consumption (kWh).

  The demand prediction unit 221 uses the information stored in the input information from the data input unit 230, the demand amount DB 225, and the weather information DB 226 to perform a process of predicting the water demand amount of each distribution area in the specified period. For this water demand prediction, a known prediction method such as a pattern matching method, a multiple regression method, or a neural network method can be used.

ここに、Ｘ_ｔ：時刻ｔの管路流量（送水量）を成分にもつベクトル、Ｅ:一日のトータ
ル消費電力（送配水ポンプの消費電力の総和）（kWh）、ｆ（Ｘ_ｔ）:時刻ｔの消費電力、ｇ，ｈ：流量上下限制約、配水池貯留量制約などの各種制約を集約したベクトル関数、ｅ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける従来運用時の消費電力、ｋ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおけるピークカットのレベルを表す定数（１未満の定数。例えば、ｋ（ｔ）＝０．９５の場合、時刻ｔにおいて５％の消費電力のピークカットを計画することになる）、ｔ１，ｔ２：電力ピークカットを行うべき時刻（例えば、ｔ１＝１１時、ｔ２＝１２時など。より多くの時間帯でピークカットを行う場合は変数の数が増える。）である。 The operation plan problem setting unit 222 includes the predicted demand time series calculated by the demand prediction unit 221, upper and lower limit information of the pipe flow rate stored in the facility information DB 227, upper and lower limit information of the reservoir storage amount, and power consumption of the pump Based on the characteristic information and power peak cut information (information indicating how much power consumption is cut at what time) sent from the EMS 100 via the communication network 220, the router 211, and the communication unit 250, the operation planning problem Set. The operation planning problem in the water operation planning system 200A can be generally formulated as follows.

Here, X _t : vector having the pipe flow rate (water supply amount) at time t as a component, E: total power consumption per day (total power consumption of transmission and distribution pumps) (kWh), f (X _t ): Power consumption at time t, g, h: Vector function that aggregates various constraints such as flow rate upper and lower limit constraints, reservoir storage volume constraints, e (t): power consumption during conventional operation at time t, k (t): A constant representing the level of peak cut at time t (a constant less than 1; for example, when k (t) = 0.95, a peak cut of 5% power consumption is planned at time t), t1, t2: Time at which power peak cut should be performed (for example, t1 = 11: 00, t2 = 12: 00, etc. If peak cut is performed in more time zones, the number of variables increases).

  Here, the expression (1) is an evaluation function for minimizing the total power consumption per day, and the expressions (2) and (3) are the constraint conditions. The equation (2) is a facility constraint such as a flow rate upper and lower limit constraint of each pipeline, a reservoir storage amount constraint, and the equation (3) is a constraint condition for realizing the target power peak cut amount. Information of formulas (1) to (3) set by the operation plan problem setting unit 222 is sent to the operation plan problem solution search unit 223.

  The operation plan solution search unit 223 uses a solver such as GA (genetic algorithm) or mixed integer programming to minimize the evaluation function of the expression (1) under the constraints of the expressions (2) and (3). The flow rate xt (t is an integer from 0 to 23) for each pipe line for one day (every hour from 0:00 to 23:00) is determined. Depending on the value of the constant k, there are cases where the solver cannot obtain a solution, such as when trying to realize a large peak cut with a very small k.

The solution search result in the operation plan solution search unit 223 is sent to the solution search result determination unit 224. When the solution search result determination unit 224 determines that a solution has been obtained, the solution search result determination unit 224 sends k (t1) and k (t2) information about the solution to the EMS 100 via the communication network. When it is determined that no solution has been obtained, the solution search result determination unit 224 notifies the operation plan problem setting unit 222 to that effect. When the operation plan problem setting unit 222 receives this notification, the operation plan problem setting unit 222 relaxes the constraint condition of the expression (3), that is, slightly increases the value of k (for example, α = 1.02) and operates again. A planning problem is set and sent to the operation planning problem solution search unit 223. The operation plan problem solution search unit 223 executes processing for solving the reset operation plan problem. The water operation planning system 200A repeats the above processing until a solution is obtained, and transmits final peak cut amount information (k (t1), k (t2)) to the EMS 100. Such processing is similarly performed in other water operation planning systems 200B and 200C. The solution obtained by the operation plan problem solution search unit 223 is displayed on the display unit 240 in the form of a graph or the like.

  Next, the configuration of the EMS 100 will be described. FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of the EMS 100. The EMS 100 is configured as a general computer having a communication function, like the water operation planning system 200A, and includes a processor 110, a memory 120, and a communication unit 130. The processor 110 implements the functions of the EMS 100 by executing data and programs stored in the memory 120 described later. The memory 120 includes a target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 (target power reduction amount calculation unit), an operation plan problem solution search result determination unit 122, and an actual peak cut amount calculation unit 123, which are programs executed by the processor 110. Is provided. In addition to the memory 120, an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD or an SSD may be provided, and the above-described program may be stored at all times so that the processor 110 reads the data into the memory 120 when data processing is executed.

  The target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 is a program for calculating the target power peak cut amount of the water transmission / distribution facility that each water operation planning system 1 to n (reference numerals 200A to 200C, etc.) takes charge of. With reference to FIG. 5, the content of the processing of the target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 will be described. In the example of FIG. 5, three business entities that perform a water operation plan, business entities 1 to 3 are assumed. For example, it is assumed that the business entity 1 formulates an operation plan by the water operation plan system 1. In FIG. 5, reference numerals 51, 52, and 53 are graphs each showing a daily transition of power consumption of the business entities 1, 2, and 3 when a normal operation is performed. Reference numeral 54 is a graph showing the transition of the total power consumption by taking the sum of those power consumptions. A broken line indicated by reference numeral 55 is a peak cut level. In the case of FIG. 5, it is considered that power consumption at times t1 and t2 is suppressed to a level indicated by reference numeral 55 or less. That is, it is assumed that power consumption of the business entities 1 to 3 is desired to be suppressed to levels of kb (t1)% and kb (t2)% at times t1 and t2. Here, for example, when suppressing 10% power consumption, kb = 0.9. At this time, the following formulas are established with respect to the peak cut amounts k1, k2, and k3 to be realized by the business entities 1 to 3. k1, k2, and k3 are non-negative values of 1 or less. For example, 0.9 is intended to suppress power consumption by 10%.

k1 (t1) ・ E1 (t1) + k2 (t1) ・ E2 (t1) + k3 (t1) ・ E3 (t1) = kb (t1) ・ Et (t1) (4) k1 (t2) ・ E1 (t2 ) + k2 (t2) ・ E2 (t2) + k3 (t2) ・ E3 (t2) = kb (t2) ・ Et (t2) (5)
Here, Ei (t) (i = 1, 2, 3): power consumption at time t of the entity i, Et (t):
Total power consumption at time t, kb (t): A target power peak cut amount targeting the total power consumption of all entities at time t.

  Now, k1 (t1), k1 (t2), k3 satisfying the equations (4) and (5) in order to obtain the target power peak cut amount for the total power consumption of all entities at time t Although it is necessary to obtain (t3), k1 (t2), k2 (t2), and k (t3), there are a plurality of these. Therefore, it is considered that the power adjustment surplus capacity of each water service entity 1 to 3 is calculated and these constant values are determined in consideration thereof. Here, a method for calculating the power adjustment margin of each business unit will be described. FIG. 6 explains the concept of calculating the power adjustment capacity from the available capacity of the distribution reservoirs of each business entity. The purified water is supplied to the distributing reservoir 600 by the water supply pump 61 and temporarily stored. The stored water is distributed to the distribution area 60 by the water pump 62. Here, instead of the water supply pump 62, a water distribution form by natural flow described later may be employed. Reference numerals 63 and 64 are transmission and distribution pipes. It is assumed that the fluctuation allowed in operation is 602 with respect to the actual fluctuation 601 of the water level of the distribution reservoir 600. Reservoir 600 is provided to fill the gap between water production and demand, and when there is a reserve capacity, that is, when the allowable fluctuation amount-actual fluctuation amount is positive, water supply is used. The operation timing of the pump 61 can be changed. That is, by shifting the operation of the water pump 61 from the power consumption peak time zone to another time zone, there is a possibility that it can contribute to the power peak cut.

The two graphs in FIG. 6 show time series graphs of the water level and the number of pumps operated when the current operation and the peak cut operation are performed. In the peak cut operation, the number of pumps operating in the power peak time period (t1, t2) is changed from the current one to zero. In addition, the number of operating units is increased from one to two in the time zone immediately after peak cut operation. The water level 606 during peak cut operation temporarily decreases at times t1 and t2 due to such a change in the number of operating water pumps 61, but the water level 606 is recovered without breaking the operation lower limit 604. When the operation of shifting the operation of the water pump 61 from the power consumption peak time zone to another time zone is performed, if the water level 606 of the distribution reservoir 600 does not divide the lower limit value of the allowable fluctuation range 602, the water pump The power peak cut / shift in the power consumption peak time zone can be realized by the 61 operation time zone shift. The water level simulation of the distribution reservoir 600 described in FIG. 6 uses the following formula using the future water demand time series WD (t) of the distribution district 60 and the information WS (t) of the water supply amount when the water pump 61 is operated. Can be used to calculate.
WL (t + 1) = WL (t) + WS (t) −WD (t) (6)
WS (t) = N (t) × WS0 (7)
Here, t: time, N (t): number of pumps operated, WS0: water supply flow rate during operation of one pump, WL: water level. Note that the future water demand time series WD (t) of the water distribution district 60 can be calculated by the demand prediction unit 221 of the water operation planning system 200A.

The power consumption peak cut margin by the distribution reservoir 600 can be calculated by the following equation. By calculating the peak cut margin for each distribution reservoir 600 and taking their sum, the final peak cut margin of the target water system can be calculated. Note that if the result of dividing the lower limit of the allowable fluctuation 602 of the distribution reservoir 600 is reached, the peak cut cannot be executed for the distribution reservoir 600, so the peak cut margin for the distribution reservoir 600 is zero.
Peak cut capacity = Power consumption of one water pump x Number of water pumps that can be reduced (8)
In the example of FIG. 6, the number of pumps can be reduced from 1 to 0 at times t1 and t2, so the number that can be reduced is 1.

  Next, the calculation method of the power adjustment surplus capacity using the water distribution by natural flow will be described. FIG. 7 schematically shows a case where there are two routes of water distribution by the water pump 71 and water distribution by natural flow 73 (gravity energy) to the water distribution area 70. When there is a surplus in the water distribution by the natural flow 73, the ratio can be temporarily increased to suppress the water distribution amount by the water pump 71. Thereby, the power consumption of the water distribution pump 71 can be suppressed. In the case of FIG. 7, the peak cut margin can be calculated by the following equation.

Peak cut margin = Correction factor C x
(Operating upper limit natural flow-natural flow during peak operation during current operation) (9)
The correction coefficient C can be set as the power consumption (kWh) per unit water distribution amount of the water distribution pump 71.

Using the formulas (9) and (10) (by adding the calculated values, etc.), it is possible to calculate the power adjustment margins at the times t1 and t2 of the business entities 1 to 3. At times t1 and t2, if the entities with large power adjustment margins are in the order of 1, 2, and 3, the following restrictions are added regarding the variables k1, k2, and k3.
k1 (t1) = α × k2 (t1) (10)
k2 (t1) = β × k3 (t1) (11)
Here, α is a positive constant less than β11 (for example, 0.95).

In this case, according to the constraints of equations (10) and (11), the variables become smaller in the order of k1, k2, and k3 (k1 <k2 <k3), and the larger the power adjustment margin, the larger the peak cut is imposed. Will be. A similar calculation can be made at time t2. The target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 in FIG. 4 calculates the target power peak cut amount at times t1 and t2 of each business entity by the above method, and notifies the water operation planning system of each business entity.

  The operation plan problem solution search result determination unit 122 of the EMS 100 determines whether the target power peak cut amount notified by each water operation plan system has been realized. If it is determined that the target power peak cut amount cannot be realized, to what level the power consumption at the times t1 and t2 Receive information from each water operation planning system on whether suppression is possible. Based on the received information, the operation plan problem solution search result determination unit 122 may calculate the target power peak cut amount again in some cases, notify the water operation plan system of the target power, and operate in each water operation plan system. Process to solve the planning problem. Through the cooperative processing of the power management system 1 as a whole, an operation plan for realizing the target power peak cut amount of the total power consumption or realizing the target as much as possible is formulated. Hereinafter, the contents of these cooperative processes will be described in detail with reference to the processing flows of FIGS. 8 to 12 are examples of data processing flows executed by the EMS 100 and the water operation planning systems 1 to 3 in the power management system 1 of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the EMS 100 is described as managing the water operation planning system of three business entities, but the same idea can be applied to the case where there are four or more.

  First, in step 801 in FIG. 8 (hereinafter, the step is represented by a symbol S), the target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 of the EMS 100 is a distribution reservoir serving as a base for calculating the power adjustment margin in each of the water operation planning systems 1 to 3. Requests to send information such as available capacity and natural flow available capacity. In S802 to S804, the water operation planning systems 1 to 3 receive the request from the EMS 100 and send the operation information to the EMS 100. In S805, the target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 of the EMS 100 uses the obtained operation information and the equations (4) to (12) to use the water facility consumption that each of the water operation planning systems 1 to 3 takes charge of. The target power peak cut levels k1, k2, and k3 of power are calculated and transmitted to the water operation planning systems 1 to 3. In the water operation planning system 1, the operation plan problem setting unit 222 sets an operation plan problem corresponding to the peak cut in S806 according to the above-described method, that is, the equations (1) to (3). In S807, the operation plan problem solution search unit 223 solves the problem using the solver as described above. In S808, when the solution search result determination unit 224 determines whether a solution has been obtained and determines that the solution has not been obtained (No in S808), the operation plan problem setting unit 222 restricts the expression (3). Loosen and re-solve the problem you reset. Steps S806 to S808 are performed until a solution is obtained. In step S809, final realized peak cut amount information (the final values of k1 (t1) and k1 (t2) in the planning problem as described above) is determined as a solution search result. The unit 224 notifies the EMS 100.

In the water operation planning systems 2 and 3, the same processing is performed in S810 to S817. In S818, the operation plan problem solution search result determination unit 122 of the EMS 100 determines the plan problem solution search results obtained from the water operation plan systems 1 to 3. The determination results are classified into three, A, B, and C, and the processing is performed in accordance with each of them.
(Decision A): An operation plan that realizes an initial target power peak cut amount in all water operation planning systems has been established, or an operation plan that realizes an initial target power peak cut amount in all water operation planning systems Could not be formulated.
(Decision B): An operation plan that can realize an initial target power peak cut amount with one water operation planning system, and an operation that realizes an initial target power peak cut amount with the remaining two water operation planning systems. The plan could not be formulated.
(Decision C): An operation plan that can achieve an initial target power peak cut amount with two water operation plan systems and an operation that realizes an initial target power peak cut amount with the remaining one water operation plan system The plan could not be formulated.

    With reference to FIG. 9, the process in the case of determination A will be described. In this case, [1] the target peak cut amount with respect to the total power consumption is realized, and [2] the target is not achieved and no further improvement can be expected. Based on the peak cut amount realized by the water operation planning systems 1 to 3, the realized peak cut amount calculation unit 123 of the EMS 100 calculates the peak cut amount of the total power at time t1 and time t2, and ends the process.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 10, the process in the case of determination B will be described. FIG. 10 shows a case where the target power peak cut amount is realized in the water operation planning system 1 (business entity 1) and cannot be realized otherwise. In this case, in S1001, the target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 of the EMS 100 adds the shortage of the peak cut in the business entities 2 and 3 to the target power peak cut amount of the business entity 1 (water operation planning system 1). Thus, a new target power peak cut amount for the water operation planning system 1 is determined. Specifically, in the above formulas (4) and (5), k2 (t1), k2 (t2), k3 (t1), and k3 (t2) are peaks that can be realized by the water operation planning systems 2 and 3. Using the cut level, k1 (t1) and k1 (t2) are obtained. This becomes a new target power peak cut amount. The target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 of the EMS 100 notifies the water operation planning system 1 having the power adjustment capacity. In the water operation planning system 1, the operation plan problem setting unit 222, the operation plan problem solution searching unit 223, and the solution search result determination unit 224 repeatedly execute the solution of the planning problem until a solution is obtained in S1002 to S1004. In S1005, the solution search result determination unit 224 notifies the EMS 100 of the final peak cut amount (information on k (t1) and k (t2) in Expression (3)). In S1006, the realized peak cut amount calculation unit 123 calculates the peak cut amount of the total power at time t1 and time t2 based on the peak cut amount realized by each business entity, and ends the process.

  Next, processing in the case of determination C will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. Here, it is assumed that the initial target power peak cut amount has been realized in the water operation planning systems 1 and 2. In S1101, a new target is calculated by adding the peak cut shortage that cannot be realized by the water operation planning system 3 to the initial target power peak cut amount of the water operation planning systems 1 and 2. Specifically, in the above formulas (4) and (5), the peak cut level realized by the water operation planning system 3 is used as the values of k3 (t1) and k3 (t2), and k1 (t1), k1 (t2), k2 (t1), and k2 (t2) are obtained. If k1 (t1), k1 (t2), k2 (t1), and k2 (t2) are not uniquely determined, the power adjustment margin for the latest operation plan values of the water operation planning systems 1 and 2 is obtained again. It can be allocated with reference to it.

  The processing of S1102 to S1105 and the processing of S1106 to S1109 in the water operation planning systems 1 and 2 are the same as the processing of S1002 to S1005 in FIG. In S1110, the operation plan problem solution search result determination unit 122 of the EMS 100 determines the subsequent processing based on the operation plan problem solution search result (information on whether or not the target power peak cut amount has been realized). If both the water operation planning systems 1 and 2 determine that the target power peak cut amount is realized or cannot be realized, the process proceeds to S1111 and the realized peak cut amount calculation unit 123 calculates and processes the realized peak cut amount. Exit. The contents of this process are the same as S1006 in FIG. When the target is realized by only one of the water operation planning systems 1 and 2, the process proceeds to the determination D.

FIG. 12 shows the contents of the determination D process. This case is a case where the water operation planning system 1 can achieve the target power peak cut amount. In S1201, the target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 of the EMS 100 calculates the peak cut shortage by the water operation planning system 2,
A correction value of the target value is calculated by adding to the target power peak cut amount of the original water operation planning system 1. Specifically, in formulas (4) and (5), k2 (t1), k2 (t2), k3 (t1), and k3 (t2) are peak cut levels that can be achieved by the water operation planning systems 2 and 3. The peak cut levels k1 (t1) and k1 (t2) of the water operation planning system 1 are calculated and notified to the water operation planning system 1. The peak cut levels k3 (t1) and k3 (t2) of the water operation planning system 3 are calculated by the processing of S814 to S816 in FIG. 8, and the peak cut levels k2 (t1) of the water operation planning system 2 are k2 (t2) is calculated by the processing of S1106 to S1108 in FIG. In S1202 to S1204, the operation plan problem setting unit 222 and the operation plan problem solution searching unit 223 of the water operation planning system 1 perform the plans represented by the equations (1) to (3) for the notified peak cut level. Solve the problem. The operation plan problem setting unit 222 corrects the peak cut level until a solution is found. In step S1205, the solution search result determination unit 224 notifies the EMS 100 of the final (realizable and minimum) peak cut level. In S1206, the realized peak cut amount calculation unit 123 of the EMS 100 calculates the peak cut amount that can be realized in the total water supply facility, and ends the processing. In the power management system 1 of the present embodiment described above, for each of the peak cut targets set by the EMS 100, each water operation planning system 1 to 3 can set a peak cut level so as to realize the target.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 15 is an overall configuration diagram of an EMS 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the EMS 100 (FIG. 4) of the first embodiment is that the operation plan problem setting unit 222, the operation plan problem solution searching unit 223, and the operation plan problem solution searching unit 223 provided in the water operation plan systems 1 to 3 in the first embodiment, This is a point having a solution search result determination unit 224. In the EMS 100 of the present embodiment, the operation plan problem setting unit 222, the operation plan problem solution search unit 223, and the solution search result determination unit 224 are composed of two or more business entities that cannot be handled by each water operation plan system. Search for large-scale planning problems. An example of such processing will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. FIG. 13 illustrates processing after the case C is determined in the first embodiment. Case C is a case where the target power peak cut amount of the water operation planning systems 1 and 2 is realized and the target power peak cut amount of the water operation planning system 3 is not realized. In 1st Embodiment, the shortage of the electric power peak cut amount by the water operation planning system 3 was added to the target electric power peak cut amount of the water operation planning systems 1 and 2, and the solution of the problem was calculated | required. In the present embodiment, a combined entity of the entity 1 that is in charge of the water operation planning system 1 and the entity 3 that is in charge of the water operation planning system 3 is considered as the target of power peak cut, and the following planning problem that combines these is considered: Set and solve. This process is performed by the EMS 100.

ここに、xi,t：事業体iの時刻ｔの各管路の流量を成分に持つベクトル、E：事業体１と事業体３の1日のトータル電力利用量、ｆi(xi,t):事業体iの時刻ｔの消費電力、gi,fi:事業体iに関する制約条件を規定するための関数、e（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける従来運用時の消費電力、ｋ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおけるピークカットのレベルを表す定数（1未満の定数、０
．９５だと５％の消費電力のピークカットをもくろむことになる）、ｔ１、ｔ２：電力ピークカットを行うべき時刻（例えば、ｔ１＝１１時、ｔ２＝１２時になる。より多くの時間帯でピークカットを行う場合は変数の数が増える）である。

Where xi, t is a vector having the flow rate of each pipeline at time t of business entity i as a component, E is the total daily power consumption of business entity 1 and business entity 3, and fi (xi, t): Power consumption at time t of business entity i, gi, fi: function for defining constraint conditions for business entity i, e (t): power consumption during conventional operation at time t, k (t): power consumption at time t Constant indicating peak cut level (constant less than 1, 0
. 95 is intended to cut the peak of 5% power consumption), t1, t2: Time when power peak cut should be performed (for example, t1 = 11: 00, t2 = 12: 00. Peak in more time zone) When cutting, the number of variables increases).

Constants k (t1) and k (t2) in equation (12) are determined by the following equations.
k (t1) = k1 (t1) + k3 (t1) (15)
k (t2) = k1 (t2) + k3 (t2) (16)
Here, k1 and k3 are the target electric power peak cut levels calculated in S805 of FIG. In S1301 of FIG. 13, the target power peak cut level (target power peak cut amount equivalent value) of the combined planning problem of the business entities 1 and 3 is calculated using the equations (13) and (14). In S1302, the operation plan problem setting unit 222 uses this peak cut level to set an operation plan problem according to equations (10) to (12). In S1303, the operation plan problem solution search unit 223 uses a solver to solve the problem. If a solution cannot be obtained, the values of k (t1) and k (t2) are slightly increased and the problem is reset and solved again. The processes of S1302 to S1304 are performed until a solution is obtained.

  By handling the complex problem in this way, the calculation process becomes complicated and the time for obtaining the solution becomes long, but the search space for the solution is widened, and the target power peak cut can be realized with a higher probability. In this embodiment, the problem of the business entity 1 that achieved the target power peak cut and the business entity 3 that was not realized in the initial calculation was combined, but the business entity 2 and business entity 3 that realized the target may be combined. it can. Which is combined is determined by the power adjustment margin of the business entities 1 and 2 when the target peak cut level is realized. Combine the entity with the larger power adjustment capacity with entity 3. When the power adjustment surplus is equivalent, a method of selecting a business entity having a power consumption characteristic different from that of the business entity 3 can be adopted. It is desirable to calculate the correlation coefficient of 24-hour power consumption time series of the business units 1 and 2 and the business unit 3 and combine the business units with small coefficient values. This is because it is considered that there is more room for power adjustment by combining business entities with different characteristics.

  In step S1305, the solution search result determination unit 224 of the EMS 100 determines the obtained solution. If it is determined that the initial target power peak cut level has been achieved, the process proceeds to S1306, where the realized peak cut amount calculation unit 123 calculates a peak cut amount that can be realized, and the process ends. This peak cut amount information is notified to an electric power company or the like. When it is determined that the target power peak cut level is not realized, the process proceeds to case E. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a process flow of case E. In S1401, the target power peak cut amount calculation unit 121 of the EMS 100 adds the shortage of power suppression due to the combined problem of the business unit 1 and the business unit 3 to the target power peak cut level of the business unit 2, thereby The target power peak cut level is calculated. Specifically, it is calculated using the following formula.

k (t1) ・ (E1 (t1) + E3 (t1)) + k2 (t1) ・ E2 (t1) = kb (t1) ・ Et (t1) (17)
k (t2) ・ (E1 (t2) + E3 (t2)) + k2 (t2) ・ E2 (t2) = kb (t2) ・ Et (t2) (18)
Here, Ei (t) (i = 1, 2, 3): power consumption at time t of entity i, Et (t): total power consumption of all entities at time t, kb (t): Target power peak cut level for total power consumption of all entities at time t, k (t1), k (t2): Realized peak cut level obtained by the processing of S1302 to S1304.

  The target power peak cut level of the business entity 2 can be calculated by solving the equations (15) and (16) for k2 (t1) and k2 (t2). S1402 to S1405 are the same as the processes of S810 to S813 of FIG. 8 in the first embodiment. Finally, in S1406, the realization peak cut amount calculation unit 123 of the EMS 100 calculates a realizable peak cut amount using the realization peak cut levels k and k2 calculated in the previous process, and ends the process. According to the power management system 1 of the second embodiment described above, it is possible to perform a search in a wider range for the peak cut level for realizing the target power peak cut amount, and as a result, a desired peak cut. The probability of finding a level increases.

  In addition, as an embodiment different from the embodiment described above, the operation plan problem setting, the operation plan problem solution search, and the solution search result determination process performed in each water operation plan system may be all executed by the EMS 100. it can. Thereby, although the processing load of EMS100 increases, it becomes unnecessary to add the new process corresponding to an electric power peak cut to each water operation planning system.

  In the embodiment described above, the target power peak cut amount of the power consumption amount of all the entities may not be realized. In this case, the power consumption can be reduced by lowering the discharge pressure of the water distribution pump (reference numeral 332 in FIG. 3) from its original value, and the target peak cut amount can be achieved. FIG. 16 shows the contents of the processing. This process can be implemented, for example, as a water operation planning system program. First, in S1601, the power peak cut shortage is calculated. In S1602, a target discharge pressure reduction amount of the water distribution pump for compensating the shortage is calculated. In S1603, the calculated discharge pressure reduction amount is notified to the pump station. At the pumping station, the distribution pump discharge pressure is adjusted by the distribution pump operator.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the power management system sequentially calculates the power adjustment surplus capacity of each water facility, and based on that, calculates the target power peak cut amount that can be realized by each water operation planning system to calculate each water operation Notify the planning system, and each water operation planning system solves the operation planning problem that realizes the notified target power peak cut by distributed processing, so there is no need to solve the large-scale planning problem covering the entire target water supply facility, An operation plan is established to achieve peak power cut at high speed. In addition, it is not necessary to provide a new calculation means for solving a large-scale problem, and it is efficient in that the problem is solved using conventional resources.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described. In addition, a part of the configuration of the embodiment can be replaced with another configuration, and another configuration can be added to the configuration of a certain embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Power management system 100 ... Energy management system 121 ... Target electric power peak cut amount calculation part 122 ... Operation plan problem solution search result judgment part 123 ... Realization peak cut amount calculation part 200A, 200B, 200C ... Water operation plan system 221 ... Demand Prediction unit 222 ... operation plan problem setting unit 223 ... operation plan problem solution search unit 224 ... search result determination unit 225 ... demand DB
226 ... Weather information DB
227 ... Facility information condition DB

Claims (11)

A power management system for managing power consumption in a plurality of power consumption systems,
An adjustment capacity calculation unit for calculating the adjustment capacity of the power consumption in each power consumption system based on the facility information of the power consumption equipment existing in each of the power consumption systems and the operation information of the power consumption facilities;
Target power reduction amount calculation for calculating a target power reduction amount for the power consumption consumed by the power consuming equipment existing in each power consumption system based on the calculation result of the adjustment margin power by the adjustment margin calculation unit And
An operation plan problem setting unit for setting an operation plan problem for realizing the target power reduction amount in each of the power consumption systems based on the target power reduction amount;
An operation plan problem solution search unit for solving the operation plan problem for each of the power consumption systems;
A solution result determination unit for determining whether a solution result derived by the operation plan problem solution search unit for each power consumption system satisfies the target power reduction amount; and
A power reduction amount calculation unit that receives a solution for each of the power consumption systems from the solution result determination unit and calculates a power reduction amount that can be realized based on the solution;
With
When the solution result determination unit determines that the target power reduction amount is not satisfied, the operation plan problem solution search is performed by notifying the operation plan problem setting unit of information to that effect and resetting the operation plan problem. Until the solution is obtained in the part,
The power management system, wherein the power reduction amount calculation unit calculates a power reduction amount in each of the power consumption systems based on the solution from the solution result determination unit. The power management system according to claim 1,
For any one of the power consumption systems, when the solution result determination unit determines that a solution for the operation planning problem cannot be obtained, notifies the target power reduction amount calculation unit to that effect, and reduces the target power reduction The amount calculation unit calculates a new target power reduction amount by assigning a target power reduction amount for the power consumption system for which the solution has not been obtained to any one of the other power consumption systems.
A power management system characterized by that. The power management system according to claim 1,
Each power consumption system is provided with the operation plan problem setting unit, the operation plan problem solution searching unit, and the solution result determining unit. 2. The power management system according to claim 1, comprising a power management apparatus including the target power reduction amount calculation unit, the operation plan problem setting unit, the operation plan problem solution search unit, and the solution result determination unit. The power management system is configured to execute a process of setting an operation plan for each of the power consuming systems adapted to the target power reduction amount and obtaining a solution. The power management system according to claim 1,
The operation plan problem setting unit sets the operation plan problem for two or more power consumption systems among a plurality of the power consumption systems, and executes processing to be solved by the operation plan problem solution search unit. A featured power management system. The power management system according to claim 5, wherein two or more power consumption systems that collectively set the operation planning problem are correlated with respect to power consumption characteristics of the power consumption facilities included in the power consumption system. A power management system characterized by selecting one with a low value. The power management system according to claim 1,
When it is determined that the target power reduction amount cannot be achieved for any of the power consumption systems, the performance of any of the power consumption facilities included in the power consumption system is reduced to reduce the shortage of the target power reduction amount. A power management system characterized by executing processing for compensating for the above. The power management system according to claim 1,
The power management system is a power transmission and distribution system including a plurality of transmission and distribution pumps. The power management system according to claim 7,
The power consumption system is a water / distribution system including a plurality of water / distribution pumps, and when it is determined that the target power reduction amount cannot be achieved for any of the water / distribution systems, any of the power / distribution systems is included. A power management system that performs a process of reducing the discharge amount of the water / distribution pump to compensate for the shortage of the target power reduction amount. A power management method for managing power consumption in a plurality of power consumption systems,
A computer having a processor for executing arithmetic processing and a memory storing data and programs used by the processor,
Based on the facility information of the power consuming equipment existing in each of the power consuming systems and the operation information of the power consuming facilities, calculating the adjustment capacity of the power consumption in each of the power consuming systems,
Based on the calculation result of the adjustment margin by the adjustment margin calculation unit, calculate a target power reduction amount for the power consumption consumed by the power consumption facility existing in each power consumption system,
Set an operation planning problem for realizing the target power reduction amount in each power consumption system based on the target power reduction amount,
Solving the operational planning problem for each of the power consumption systems;
Determining whether the solution result derived for each power consumption system satisfies the target power reduction amount;
Receive a solution for each of the power consumption systems, calculate the amount of power reduction that can be achieved based on the solution,
If it is determined that the target power reduction amount is not satisfied, the operation planning problem is reset based on the information to that effect, and the process is repeated until a solution is obtained,
A power management method for calculating a power reduction amount in each of the power consumption systems based on the solution. A power management program for managing power consumption in a plurality of power consumption systems,
In a computer having a processor for executing arithmetic processing and a memory storing data and programs used by the processor,
Based on the facility information of the power consuming equipment existing in each of the power consuming systems and the operation information of the power consuming facilities, calculating the adjustment capacity of the power consumption in each of the power consuming systems,
Based on the calculation result of the adjustment margin by the adjustment margin calculation unit, calculate a target power reduction amount for the power consumption consumed by the power consumption facility existing in each power consumption system,
Set an operation planning problem for realizing the target power reduction amount in each power consumption system based on the target power reduction amount,
Solving the operational planning problem for each of the power consumption systems;
Determining whether the solution result derived for each power consumption system satisfies the target power reduction amount;
Receive a solution for each of the power consumption systems, calculate the amount of power reduction that can be achieved based on the solution,
If it is determined that the target power reduction amount is not satisfied, the operation planning problem is reset based on the information to that effect, and the process is repeated until a solution is obtained,
A power management program for executing a process of calculating a power reduction amount in each power consumption system based on the solution.

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