JP2015204277A - Light collection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light collection device capable of guiding a sufficient amount of sunlight to the ceiling of a room, and further guiding light to the deep place of the room.SOLUTION: A light collection device introduces sunlight L1 into a building 1 through a window 11, and includes: a reflection plate 3 positioned and fixed along the width direction of the window 11 at the upper position of the window 11 of the building 1; and a light guide plate 4 arranged on the reflection surface of the upper surface of the reflection plate 3. The light guide plate 4 includes an uneven surface that is provided on at least one of the upper surface and lower surface thereof and diffuses incident sunlight L1 toward a direction of the window 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a daylighting apparatus used to introduce sunlight into a building, and more particularly to a daylighting apparatus for guiding sunlight from a window portion to an indoor ceiling.

  In recent years, in order to ensure indoor lighting, it has been proposed to provide a lighting reflector 9 called a “light shelf” outside the building 1 as shown in FIG. The reflection plate 9 is attached to the upper position of the window 11 of the building 1 so as to protrude from the outer wall surface 10 of the building 1. The reflection plate 9 reflects sunlight L <b> 1 toward the window 11 by the reflection surface on the upper surface, and guides the reflected light from the upper part of the window 11 to the indoor ceiling 15. The light introduced into the room is diffusely reflected by the surface of the ceiling 15, and the diffused light illuminates the room brightly.

  Although there is a case where a high window for lighting and ventilation is provided at a position above the window 11, it is difficult to expect sufficient lighting if the high window exists. If the reflection plate 9 is installed at the boundary between the window and the high window, the sunlight L1 is reflected toward the high window by the reflection surface on the upper surface of the reflection plate 9, and the reflected light is reflected from the high window to the indoor ceiling. 15 leads to. As a result, the amount of light collected from the high window is increased, and the indoor lighting is supplemented by sunlight.

  As the reflection plate 9, for example, an aluminum-based plate material whose surface is roughened is used. The sunlight L1 is diffusely reflected on the surface of the reflection plate 9, and the reflected light toward the window 11 is taken into the room and guided to the ceiling 15 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  For example, in a building such as a school building, as shown in FIG. 15, the classroom 17 is wide and deep, and a corridor 18 having a large passage width exists behind the classroom 17. For this reason, the inside of the classroom 17 becomes dim, and the significance of installing the above-described daylighting device in the high window 12 is very significant. However, in the daylighting device described in Patent Document 1, a part of the light diffusely reflected by the reflector 9 is only taken into the vicinity of the indoor window 11, and there is almost no light reaching deep inside the room. The entire room cannot be illuminated brightly.

  In order to take sunlight deep into the room, it has been proposed to use a light guide plate 90 made of a transparent resin plate as a reflector as shown in FIG. 16 (see, for example, Patent Document 2). The light guide plate 90 has a flat upper surface and an uneven surface on the lower surface. Part of the sunlight L1 that has entered the inside of the light guide plate 90 is reflected and diffused by the uneven surface inside the light guide plate 90 and is emitted from the upper surface. The emitted diffused light enters deep into the room and illuminates the surface of the ceiling 15 widely.

Japanese Patent No. 4448562 Japanese Patent No. 5266082

  However, in the daylighting device described in Patent Document 2, a considerable amount of sunlight L1 entering the inside of the light guide plate 90 is transmitted through the light guide plate 90 and emitted from the lower surface of the light guide plate 90. The amount of light guided to 15 is small, and there is a limit to brightly illuminating the entire room.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above problem, and provides a daylighting apparatus capable of guiding a sufficient amount of sunlight to the ceiling of the room and guiding light deep into the room. With the goal.

  The daylighting device according to the present invention is for introducing sunlight into a building from a window, and is a reflector that is positioned and fixed along the width direction of the window at the position of the window of the building, and the reflection And a light guide plate disposed on the reflection surface of the upper surface of the plate. The light guide plate has an uneven surface for diffusing incident sunlight in a direction toward the window on at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface.

  Here, the “light guide plate” refers to a transparent synthetic resin plate or glass plate that introduces light from any surface and emits diffused light from any surface.

  According to the above-described daylighting apparatus, part of the sunlight incident on the upper surface of the light guide plate is reflected in the light guide plate and diffuses in the direction toward the window, and the diffused light is emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate. . This light is taken into the room through the window and travels toward the ceiling in the room. In addition, a considerable amount of incident sunlight passes through the light guide plate and is emitted from the lower surface, and the emitted light is diffused in the direction toward the window portion. The diffused light is reflected by the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate, and the reflected light is transmitted through the light guide plate in the opposite direction, and is diffused and emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate. Since this diffused light is diffused in the direction toward the window, it penetrates deep into the room and illuminates the ceiling surface widely. Since the daylighting device is usually installed at the upper position of the window portion, the sunlight is prevented from proceeding to the lower position of the window portion by the reflector, and the daylighting device also functions as a sunshade.

  The light guide plate of a preferred embodiment is formed such that the upper surface is a flat surface and the lower surface is an uneven surface. According to this embodiment, even if dust or the like contained in the atmosphere or rainwater adheres to the upper surface of the light guide plate, the upper surface of the light guide plate is a flat surface, so that the deposits and dirt can be easily washed away. In addition, even if an uneven surface is formed in the upper surface side of a light-guide plate, or it forms in both upper and lower surfaces, the above-mentioned light-diffusion effect can be obtained.

The uneven surface of the light guide plate of a preferred embodiment is constituted by a plurality of protrusions parallel to each other, and the light guide plate is placed on the reflection plate in a direction in which the length direction of the protrusion is parallel to the opening surface of the window portion. Has been placed.
According to this embodiment, light incident from the upper surface of the light guide plate is diffused in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the ridge, that is, a direction toward the window.

  Each of the protrusions has a curved surface portion along the length direction, and there are various types of protrusions having the curved surface portion. One aspect is that the cross-sectional shape in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the ridge is a triangular shape and the top portion is formed in an arc shape to constitute the curved surface portion, and the other one aspect Is a hemispherical cross-sectional shape in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the ridge, and the entire outer peripheral surface constitutes the curved surface portion.

  The reflection plate of a preferred embodiment is formed of an aluminum plate material, but may be formed of a metal material other than aluminum, or a reflection sheet attached to the surface of a synthetic resin plate. It may be. The reflecting surface on the upper surface of the reflecting plate is typically a rough surface that diffuses and reflects light, but may be a mirror surface that reflects light regularly.

  According to this invention, both the diffused light reflected and emitted from the light guide plate and the diffused light emitted through the light guide plate are taken in from the window toward the indoor ceiling, so that a sufficient amount of sunlight is obtained. Is irradiated on the ceiling. In addition, the incident sunlight is diffused in the direction toward the window by the uneven surface of the light guide plate, so that the light can be guided deep into the room. Thereby, the indoor ceiling is widely illuminated, and the indoor illumination is supplemented by the diffused light on the ceiling surface.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the lighting device of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the principle of the lighting apparatus of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the path | route of the light reflected within a light-guide plate. It is a front view which shows the state in which the lighting apparatus which is one Example of this invention was installed. It is a top view of the lighting device of FIG. It is a side view of the lighting device of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of a light-guide plate. It is sectional drawing which abbreviate | omitted the middle along the BB line of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the other Example of a light-guide plate. It is sectional drawing of the further another Example of a light-guide plate. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of arrangement | positioning of a light-guide plate. It is a perspective view which shows the other installation method of a lighting apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional lighting device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of a school building. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other conventional lighting apparatus.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a daylighting apparatus 2 of the present invention. The daylighting device 2 introduces sunlight L1 into the building 1 from the upper part of the window 11 and guides it toward the ceiling 15 in the room. The daylighting apparatus 2 is located at the upper part of the window 11 of the building 1 along the width direction of the window 11. The reflector 3 is horizontally positioned and fixed, and the light guide plate 4 is disposed on the reflective surface on the upper surface of the reflector 3. The reflecting plate 3 has a length that substantially matches the width of the window 11 and is supported so as to protrude from the outer wall surface 10 of the building 1. In this embodiment, the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate 3 is slightly inclined toward the window 11, but it is not necessarily inclined and may be horizontal. The light guide plate 4 is disposed on the upper surface of the reflection plate 3 in a predetermined direction.

FIG. 2 shows the principle of the daylighting device 2 of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 3 denotes a reflection plate, and 4 denotes a light guide plate. For convenience of explanation, a gap is interposed between the reflection plate 3 and the light guide plate 4. In the embodiment described later, the light guide plate 4 is disposed in contact with the upper surface of the reflection plate 3, but may be disposed in a state where a gap is provided on the upper surface of the reflection plate 3 as shown in the figure. The upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is a flat surface 40, and the lower surface is formed on an uneven surface 41 that diffuses incident light in a direction toward the window 11. The concavo-convex surface 41 in the illustrated example includes a plurality of ridges 42 parallel to each other, and each ridge 42 has a curved surface portion (details will be described later) along the length direction.
Although the upper surface of the reflecting plate 3 is a reflecting surface 30 and the reflecting surface 30 is a rough surface, it may be a mirror surface. Incident light is diffused and reflected by the reflecting surface 30. If the reflecting surface 30 is a mirror surface, the incident light is regularly reflected.

  In FIG. 2, the sunlight L <b> 1 is applied to the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 from a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the protrusion 42 and an angle smaller than 90 degrees with the upper surface of the light guide plate 4. . A considerable amount of sunlight L1 incident on the inside from the flat surface 40 on the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is guided from the upper surface to the uneven surface 41 on the lower surface and passes through the light guide plate 4. The light L2 emitted from the lower surface of the light guide plate 4 is diffused in the direction toward the window 11. The diffused light L2 is reflected by the reflecting surface 30 on the upper surface of the reflecting plate 3, and the reflected light L3 is transmitted through the light guide plate 4 in the opposite direction. The light L4 emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is further diffused in the direction toward the window 11. The above light diffusion phenomenon is considered to occur due to the light traveling direction being inclined by the curved surface portion constituting the uneven surface 41, and the sunlight L1 is orthogonal to the length direction of the protrusion 42. The same diffusion phenomenon occurs not only when entering from the direction but also when entering from an oblique direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the sunlight L <b> 1 incident on the inside from the flat surface 40 on the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is reflected by the uneven surface 41 in the light guide plate 4 and emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate 4. . The light L5 emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is diffused in the direction toward the window 11. It is considered that the light diffusion phenomenon inside the light guide plate 4 also occurs due to the light traveling direction being inclined by the curved surface portion constituting the uneven surface 41.
Any of the above diffused lights L4 and L5 are taken into the building from the upper part of the window 11 and guided to the ceiling 15 deep inside the room. As a result, the indoor ceiling 15 is widely illuminated, and the indoor illumination is supplemented by the light diffused on the surface of the ceiling 15.

  4-6 has shown the example which installed the lighting apparatus 2 which is one Example of this invention in the building 1. FIG. In the figure, 11 is a window, 12 is a high window provided above the window 11, and the window 11 and the high window 12 constitute a window portion. The building 1 in the illustrated example has an outer wall structure in which the periphery of the window portion is surrounded by pillar portions 13 and 13 on both sides and upper and lower beam portions 14 and 14. The window is in a position that is recessed from the outer wall surface of the building 1. At the boundary position between the window 11 and the high window 12, the reflecting plate 3 and the light guide plate 4 constituting the daylighting device 2 are placed in an overlapped state. Supporting tools 5 and 5 are attached to face the left and right wall surfaces across the window portion, that is, at the same height position of the wall surface 13a of the column portion 13. The full width of the end portion of the reflecting plate 3 is supported by both the support members 5, and thereby the reflecting plate 3 is positioned and fixed at the boundary position between the window 11 and the high window 12.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the reflector 3 of this embodiment is constructed by sequentially connecting the side edges of three strips 3A, 3B, 3C formed by extrusion of aluminum. Connecting portions 31 and 32 that can be engaged with and disengaged from each other are formed at side edge portions where the adjacent band plate materials 3A and 3B and 3B and 3C are abutted. The reflector 3 of this embodiment is installed in a slightly inclined state, that is, an inclined state in which the rear end is lower than the front end. On the inner edge of the band plate material 3A on the side close to the window, a gutter groove portion 33 having an upper surface opening for collecting rainwater is formed. The reflecting plate 3 may be installed without being inclined, and in this case, it is desirable to form a hook-like portion on the outer edge of the strip plate material 3C at the outer position.

The upper surface of the reflecting plate 3, that is, the upper surfaces of the band plate members 3A, 3B, and 3C constitutes a reflecting surface 30 that reflects light. The reflecting surface 30 is a rough surface that diffuses and reflects light, but may be a mirror surface that reflects light regularly.
In addition, the reflecting plate 3 may be comprised with a single board | plate material, and may be comprised by connecting 2 strip | belt plate materials, and also 4 or more strip | belt plate materials. Further, the reflecting plate 3 may be formed using a metal material other than aluminum as long as the upper surface is a surface that reflects light.

  The light guide plate 4 is overlaid on the reflection surface 30 of the reflection plate 3 in contact therewith. The light guide plate 4 is formed of a transparent synthetic resin plate having translucency. The upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is a flat surface 40 as shown in FIG. 8, while the lower surface is formed on an uneven surface 41 that diffuses light. The uneven surface 41 in the illustrated example is composed of a plurality of protrusions 42 parallel to each other. The light guide plate 4 is placed on the reflector 3 so that the length direction of the ridges 42 is parallel to the opening surface of the high window 12, that is, the incident sunlight L 1 is diffused in the direction toward the high window 12. It is fixed. Each protrusion 42 in this embodiment has a triangular cross-section in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the protrusion 42, and the top and bottom are formed in an arc shape to form the curved surface portion. doing.

In addition, the protrusion 42 which comprises the uneven | corrugated surface 41 is not restricted to the above-mentioned cross-sectional shape, For example, as shown in FIG. 10, it may be a hemispherical shape or a convex curved surface shape. The entire outer peripheral surface of the ridge 42 constitutes the curved surface portion. The light guide plate 4 of this embodiment has a flat surface 40 on the upper surface and an uneven surface 41 on the lower surface, but the upper and lower surfaces are formed on the uneven surface 41 with a plurality of protrusions 42 as shown in FIG. It is also possible to use what has been done.
Further, in this embodiment, the light guide plate 4 is arranged in contact with the upper surface of the reflection plate 3, but a spacer 110 is interposed between the reflection plate 3 and the light guide plate 4 as shown in FIG. 12. By doing so, the light guide plate 4 may be disposed in a state where a gap is left on the upper surface of the reflection plate 3.

  According to the light guide plate 4 of the embodiment of FIG. 8 and FIG. 10, the sunlight L1 incident on the flat surface 40 on the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is reflected in the light guide plate 4 in a direction toward the window portion. The diffused light L5 is emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 after being diffused. A considerable amount of the incident sunlight L1 passes through the light guide plate 4, is diffused in the front-rear direction by the uneven surface 41 on the lower surface, and is emitted from the lower surface. The diffused light is reflected by the reflecting surface 30 of the reflecting plate 3, the reflected light is transmitted through the light guide plate 4 in the opposite direction, and the diffused light L 4 is emitted from the flat surface 40 on the upper surface of the light guiding plate 4.

  As shown in FIG. 9, both ends of the light guide plate 4 are screwed over the entire length by the metal holding plate 44 and the fasteners 45 with the water stop material 43 interposed on the upper surface of the reflector 3. It is fixed by. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the outer edge portion of the light guide plate 4 is formed by screws 49 a and 49 b over the entire length by a metal holding plate 47 with a water stop material 46 interposed on the upper surface of the reflecting plate 3. It is fixed. An adhesive may be used for fixing the light guide plate 4 to the upper surface of the reflection plate 3.

  Each of the supports 5 has a length that substantially matches the width of the reflecting plate 3 and is formed by extrusion of aluminum. Each support tool 5 illustrated in FIG. 9 has a back plate portion 50 fixed to the wall surface 13 a of the column portion 13 by a plurality of bolts 83 with the back surface in contact with the wall surface 13 a. Support plate portions 61 and 51 that are vertically opposed to each other protrude from the lower end portion of the front surface of the back plate portion 50. A support groove 53 is formed between the upper and lower support plate portions 61 and 51, and an end portion of the reflection plate 3 enters the support groove 53 and is sandwiched between the upper and lower support plate portions 61 and 51. The back plate portion 50 is formed with a plurality of bolt insertion holes 57 and 58 through which the bolts 83 and 84 are passed.

  Of the upper and lower support plate portions 61 and 51, the lower support plate portion 51 is formed integrally with the back plate portion 50. The leading edge of the support plate portion 51 is directed upward to form a first support portion 52 that supports the lower surface of the reflection plate 3. A second support portion 54 having a hollow inside is integrally formed at the center of the width of the support plate portion 51 over the entire length. The second support portion 54 protrudes from the upper surface of the support plate portion 51 by the same height as the first support portion 52, and the upper wall portion is a flat support surface for supporting the lower surface of the reflection plate 3. .

  The hollow interior of the second support portion 54 is a guide groove 55 that freely supports the head 80 of the bolt 8 in the length direction of the support plate portion 51. A guide hole 56 that allows the shaft portion 81 of the bolt 8 to slide freely in the length direction is formed in the upper wall portion of the second support portion 54. The guide hole 56 communicates with the guide groove 55 and can be positioned by moving the bolt 8 in accordance with the positions of the through holes 34 and 35 formed at the end of the reflecting plate 3.

  The upper support plate portion 61 is configured by an L-shaped presser fitting 6 made of an angle material. A plurality of bolt insertion holes 63 through which the shaft portion 81 of the bolt 8 is passed are formed in the support plate portion 61. The presser fitting 6 is integrally provided with a mounting plate portion 62 that is fixed to the rear end portion of the support plate portion 61 in contact with the front surface of the back plate portion 50. A bolt insertion hole 64 for communicating with the bolt insertion hole 58 of the back plate portion 50 is formed in the attachment plate portion 62 of the presser fitting 6. The presser fitting 6 is fixed by passing the bolts 84 through the aligned bolt insertion holes 58 and 64 in series and screwing them into the wall surface 13 a, and the support plate portion 61 of the presser fitting 6 and the lower support plate portion 51. The edge part of the reflecting plate 3 is clamped between the first and second support parts 52 and 54. The shaft 81 of the bolt 8 is passed through the through holes 34 and 35 at the end of the reflector 3 and the bolt insertion hole 63 and tightened with a nut 82 so that the end of the reflector 3 is supported by the upper and lower support plates 61 and 51. It is fixed in a state of being sandwiched between them.

  The upper surface of the support 5 is covered with a cover body 7 having the same length as the support 5. In addition, both end surfaces of the support 5 are closed by end plates 59 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). Engaging portions 71 and 72 are bent at the front edge and the rear edge of the cover body 7, respectively. The rear end edge engaging portion 72 is engaged with an engaging protrusion 50 a formed at the upper end of the back plate portion 50. The engaging portion 71 at the front end edge is engaged with an engaging portion 45 a formed integrally with a stopper 45 that fixes the end portion of the light guide plate 4.

  In this embodiment, in order to further increase the load resistance of the reflecting plate 3, the central portion of the length of the reflecting plate 3 is supported by the arm 100 as shown in FIG. In the arm 100, mounting brackets 104 and 105 are attached to both ends of an arm main body 101 made of a metal pipe whose length can be adjusted via screw shafts 102 and 103, respectively. Each of the screw shafts 102 and 103 has mounting brackets 104 and 105 attached to one end, and the other end is screwed into nut members (not shown) attached to both ends of the arm main body 101. The mounting bracket 104 on the lower end side is screwed to the upper surface of the reflecting plate 3, and the mounting bracket 105 on the upper end side is fixed to the outer wall surface of the building with anchor bolts.

  The screw shafts 102 and 103 of the arm 100 have screw directions opposite to each other. When the arm body 101 is rotated in one direction, the screw shafts 102 and 103 protrude from both ends of the arm body 101 and the length of the arm 100 becomes longer. On the other hand, when the arm body 101 is rotated in the opposite direction, the screw shafts 102 and 103 enter the inside of the arm body 101 and the length of the arm 100 is shortened.

  The daylighting device 2 is configured to be installed in the building 1 having an outer wall structure in which the wall surfaces on both sides of the window 11 protrude forward by the pillar portion 13. If the building 1 has an outer wall structure that almost coincides with the opening surface of the window 11, as shown in FIG. 13, a pair of left and right support tools 91, 91 are attached to the outer wall surfaces 10 on both sides of the window 11, and this support tool. The reflecting plate 3 can be supported in a cantilevered manner by 91, 91.

In the daylighting device 2 described above, part of the sunlight L1 incident on the upper surface of the light guide plate 4 is reflected in the light guide plate 4 and diffuses in the direction toward the window, and the diffused light L5 is emitted from the light guide plate 4. Emits from the top surface. The diffused light L5 is taken into the room through the high window 12 and travels toward the indoor ceiling.
In addition, a considerable amount of incident sunlight L1 is transmitted through the light guide plate 4 and emitted from the lower surface, and the emitted light is diffused in the direction toward the window. The diffused light is reflected by the reflecting surface 30 of the reflecting plate 3, and the reflected light is transmitted through the light guide plate 4 in the opposite direction to the above, and is diffused and emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate 4. Since this diffused light L4 is diffused in the direction toward the window, it enters deep into the room and illuminates the ceiling surface widely.
As described above, the amount of light collected from the high window 12 is increased by the presence of the reflector 3 and the light guide plate 4, but the progress to the window 11 is blocked, so that the daylighting device 2 functions as a light shelf, but as an awning. Also works.

2 Daylighting device 3 Reflector 4 Light guide plate 30 Reflective surface 40 Flat surface 41 Uneven surface 42 Projection

Claims (7)

  A daylighting device for introducing sunlight into a building from a window, the reflector being positioned and fixed along the width direction of the window at the window position of the building, and the reflecting surface of the upper surface of the reflector The light guide plate comprises a light guide plate disposed above, and the light guide plate has an uneven surface for diffusing incident sunlight in a direction toward the window on at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface. The daylighting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light guide plate has an upper surface formed as a flat surface and a lower surface formed as an uneven surface.   The uneven surface of the light guide plate is constituted by a plurality of parallel protrusions, and the light guide plate is disposed on the reflection plate in a direction in which the length direction of the protrusion is parallel to the opening surface of the window portion. Item 3. A daylighting apparatus according to item 1 or 2.   The lighting device according to claim 3, wherein each of the protrusions has a curved surface portion along a length direction.   5. Each of the protrusions has a triangular cross-sectional shape in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the protrusion, and forms the curved surface portion by forming a top portion in an arc shape. The described daylighting device.   5. Each of the protrusions is a hemispherical cross-sectional shape in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the protrusion, and the entire outer peripheral surface constitutes the curved surface portion. Daylighting equipment.   The daylighting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reflection plate is formed of an aluminum plate material.

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