JP2015197647A - Projection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To project a video image so that the video image is quick to be accurately superimposed on a complicatedly moving projection object relative to the projection object in real time without using a large-sized and special mechanism high in capability as the mechanism changing a projection position.SOLUTION: A projection device 1 comprises a first projection position change unit 11 and second projection position change unit 12 that can change a projection position of a video image by a projection unit 2 accompanied by a movement of a projection object. The projection position change unit 11 is quicker in a response velocity than the second projection position change unit 12 and high in movement accuracy of the projection position, and the second projection position change unit 12 is wider in a changeable range of the projection position than the first projection position change unit 11 and can change the projection position as to at least one direction. The first projection position change unit 11 can change the projection position to the same direction as a direction of the projection position changed by the second projection position change unit 12.

Description

  The present invention relates to a projection apparatus that projects an image on a moving projection target.

  In recent years, a technique for integrating reality and virtual reality using a projector or the like has been spreading particularly in the entertainment field. Projection of images onto 3D structures such as buildings can produce a 3D effect and realism that cannot be obtained with a flat screen, so-called projection mapping, or a computer on an object in real space. Technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) that provide users with various additional information and video simulation experiences by superimposing virtual images generated in ing.

  Projection mapping is an image technique that synchronizes the real object with the image, and the attractive world view created by the fusion of the two is currently attracting attention all over the world. Rather than simply projecting images, computer graphics, or the like onto a flat surface such as a screen, the image is projected onto a three-dimensional object such as architecture or furniture, or an uneven surface with a projector or the like. At this time, the material such as the image has the same three-dimensional information and surface information as the object to be the screen, and these are exactly overlapped at the time of projection. Then, by the movement and change of the image, it becomes possible to create a fantastic and illusionary image expression that makes the viewer feel that the object moves, deforms, or emits light by itself.

  Projection mapping is attracting attention because it is a fun and dreamy expression rather than simply an unusual expression. Creating creative and always fresh expressions and excitement is a requirement of the world of projection mapping.

  Under such a background, there is a demand for performing projection mapping on a moving object. For example, in Patent Document 1, a moving projection target (moving body) is photographed by a camera, the position of the moving body is recognized from the photographed image, a video is projected to the recognized position, and the projected position of the video is determined. A projection apparatus having a mechanism that can be changed is also disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 4611932 (see claim 1, paragraph [0010], FIG. 1 etc.)

  However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, for example, it is not assumed that images are projected on human beings performing on the stage so that the images are quickly and precisely overlapped. Difficult to do. Hereinafter, this point will be described in more detail.

  Although the projection apparatus of Patent Document 1 is equipped with a mechanism that can change the projection position of an image, there is only one mechanism that changes the projection position in a certain direction (for example, the pan direction). Therefore, for both large movements over a wide range of projection objects in the direction (pan direction) (hereinafter also referred to as “coarse movement”) and high-speed movements in a narrow range (hereinafter also referred to as “fine movement”). One mechanism must handle it.

  In particular, when a person is selected as the projection target, human movement includes a large movement (coarse movement) such as walking or running in a certain direction and a small displacement (fine movement) such as shaking or vibration of the body when performing the large movement. ) Are mixed together. Even more so, the complexity of the movement is even greater for humans performing on the stage against the audience. For this reason, it is difficult to project images so as to overlap each other quickly and exactly in real time with a single projection position changing mechanism on a person who performs such a complicated motion.

  For example, if one projection position changing mechanism is used to handle both a wide range of slow movements (coarse movements) and a narrow range of quick movements (fine movements), an actuator (such as a motor) that drives the movable part is used. High capability (capability to drive with high followability and resolution (movement accuracy) for a wide range of movement) is required, and the projection position changing mechanism becomes large. Further, when a large projection unit (projector) is used to increase the brightness of the projected image, the weight of the portion that must be moved increases, and thus a larger actuator is required.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to project a projecting object that moves in a complex manner without using a large, high-capacity special mechanism as a mechanism for changing the projection position. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a projection apparatus that can project images so as to overlap each other in real time.

  A projection device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a projection unit that projects an image on a projection target, and two types of projection position change units that can change the projection position of the image by the projection unit as the projection target moves. And a position detection unit for detecting the position of the projection target, and for changing the projection position with respect to each projection position change unit based on the position information of the projection target detected by the position detection unit. A projection position control unit that gives a command, and when one of the projection position changing units is a first projection position changing unit and the other is a second projection position changing unit, the first projection position changing unit is , The response speed from when the command is given by the projection position control unit to the completion of the change of the projection position is higher than that of the second projection position changing unit, and the movement accuracy of the projection position is high, The second projection position changing unit is the first projection. The range of projection positions that can be changed is wider than that of the projection position changing unit, and the projection position can be changed in at least one direction. The first projection position changing unit includes at least the second projection position. The projection position can be changed in the same direction as the change direction of the projection position by the changing unit.

  According to the above configuration, when the projection target moves, the projection position of the video by the projection unit is changed by the first and second projection position changing units along with the movement. At this time, the first projection position changing unit has a faster response speed (high responsiveness) and higher projection position movement accuracy (high resolution) than the second projection position changing unit. On the other hand, the second projection position changing unit has a wider range of projection positions that can be changed than the first projection position changing unit. For this reason, among the movements of the projection target, for a quick movement (fine movement) within a narrow range, the projection position is changed by the first projection position changing unit, so that high-accuracy projection can be performed in real time. For slow movement (coarse movement), the projection position is changed by the second projection position changing unit, thereby enabling projection with high follow-up in real time.

  In addition, since the first projection position changing unit can change the projection position at least in the same direction as the projection position changing direction by the second projection position changing unit, coarse movement and fine movement are performed in the above direction. Even when the projection target moves in a mixed manner in a mixed manner, the projection image can be made to follow the projection target well. That is, the coarse movement in the direction is handled by changing the projection position by the second projection position changing unit, and the fine movement in the direction is handled by changing the projection position by the first projection position changing unit. The projected video can be made to follow the projection object that moves in a complex manner.

  Therefore, as a mechanism for changing the projection position, a single mechanism that can handle both fine movement and coarse movement, that is, a projection object that moves in a complex manner without using a special mechanism having a large size and high capability, Project images in real time so that they overlap quickly.

  The first projection position changing unit includes an optical shift mechanism that optically changes the projection position by shifting the lens barrel or at least one lens included in the lens barrel in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. The second projection position changing unit may be configured by a pan / tilt head for changing the projection position in the pan direction and the tilt direction.

  The optical shift mechanism that constitutes the first projection position changing unit is a mechanism that shifts only the optical system. For example, the optical shift mechanism is smaller and lighter than a pan / tilt head, so that the projection target can be quickly moved in a narrow range ( This is very advantageous as a mechanism for causing the projection position to follow (fine movement). In addition, the pan / tilt pan / tilt head constituting the second projection position changing unit can greatly change the projection position in the pan direction and the tilt direction, so that the projection position can be set to a wide range of movement (coarse movement) of the projection target. It is very advantageous as a mechanism for following.

  The first projection position changing unit displays an image in a part of the entire projection area, and shifts a part of the entire projection area to display the image, thereby projecting the image. The second projection position changing unit may be constituted by a pan / tilt pan head that changes the projection position in the pan direction and the tilt direction.

  The electronic shift mechanism that constitutes the first projection position changing unit electronically changes the projection position of the image, and does not mechanically change the projection position like a pan / tilt head. This is very advantageous as a mechanism for causing the projection position to follow a quick movement (fine movement) within a narrow range of the projection target. In addition, the pan / tilt pan / tilt head constituting the second projection position changing unit can greatly change the projection position in the pan direction and the tilt direction, so that the projection position can be set to a wide range of movement (coarse movement) of the projection target. It is very advantageous as a mechanism for following.

  The first projection position changing unit may change the projection magnification of the video based on the command. In this case, even when the projection target moves in the front-rear direction, that is, in a direction approaching or moving away from the projection apparatus, an image can be projected onto the projection target with a size corresponding to the position of the projection target in the front-rear direction. it can.

  The projection unit includes a zoom lens for projecting an enlarged or reduced image, and the first projection position changing unit moves the zoom lens in an optical axis direction to thereby project the projection. The magnification may be changed. The projection magnification can be optically changed by moving the zoom lens in the optical axis direction.

  The first projection position changing unit displays the video in a part of the whole projection area, and enlarges or reduces the part of the whole projection area in which the video is displayed. The magnification may be changed. In this way, by changing the projection magnification by an electronic method, it is possible to reduce the number of movable parts as compared with the case where the projection magnification is changed by moving the zoom lens. As a result, the occurrence of a mechanical failure can be reduced to increase the reliability of the apparatus, and the system cost can also be reduced.

  The projection apparatus includes a first drive mode for simultaneously driving the first and second projection position changing units, and a second mode for driving only one of the first and second projection position changing units. You may further provide the drive mode control part which switches a drive mode.

  In this case, not only when the movement of the projection target is “fine movement + coarse movement” but also “fine movement only” or “coarse movement only”, only the necessary projection position changing unit is driven to change the projection position. be able to.

  The drive mode control unit determines a movement mode of the projection target based on a change in position information of the projection target detected by the position detection unit, and based on the determination result, the first drive mode And the second drive mode may be switched.

  The drive mode control unit determines whether the projection target moves based on the change in the position information of the projection target, that is, whether the movement is “coarse motion only”, “fine motion only”, or “coarse motion + fine motion”. , And by switching between the first drive mode and the second drive mode based on the determination result, the necessary projection position can be obtained in an appropriate drive mode according to the mode of movement of the projection target. Only the changing unit can be driven to change the projection position.

  According to the above configuration, as a mechanism for changing the projection position, a single mechanism that can cope with both fine movement and coarse movement, that is, a projection that moves in a complex manner without using a special mechanism having a large size and high capability. Images can be projected quickly and exactly on the target in real time.

It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the projection apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows typically the external appearance of the projection position change part with which the said projection apparatus is provided. It is a perspective view which shows the other structure of the said projection position change part. It is a perspective view which shows the further another structure of the said projection position change part. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the scene where the person who is a projection object moves on the stage and moves. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which divided the scene of FIG. 5 into coarse motion and fine motion. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed structure of the control part with which the said projection apparatus is provided. It is a block diagram which shows the other structure of the said projection apparatus. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a pan / tilt head in the configuration of FIG. 8. It is a block diagram which shows other structure of the said projection apparatus.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[Configuration of Projector]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a projection apparatus 1 of the present embodiment. The projection apparatus 1 projects an image on a moving projection target, and includes a projection unit 2, a projection position change unit 3, a position detection sensor 4, and a control unit 5.

  As a moving projection target, for example, a human performing on the stage can be assumed, but an animal or an object other than a human (for example, a ball) may be used as long as it moves. The movement of the projection target includes fine movement and coarse movement. The fine movement of the projection target refers to a relatively fast movement with a narrow movement range of the projection target, and the coarse movement refers to a relatively slow movement with a wide movement range of the projection target. Such movement of the projection target includes movement of the entire projection target (for example, the entire human body) and also includes movement of a part of the projection target (for example, a human hand). Hereinafter, each configuration of the projection apparatus 1 will be described.

  The projection unit 2 projects an image on a projection target, and is configured by a projector, for example. That is, the projection unit 2 includes a main body 2a (see FIG. 2) that houses a light source, a light modulation element (for example, a liquid crystal panel), and other optical components, and a lens barrel 2b (see FIG. 2) that holds a projection lens. Configured.

  The projection position changing unit 3 changes the projection position of the video image by the projection unit 2 and is composed of two types of projection position changing units. Here, for convenience, one projection position changing unit 3 is a first projection position changing unit 11, and the other projection position changing unit 3 is a second projection position changing unit 12. The first projection position changing unit 11 and the second projection position changing unit 12 can change the projection position as the projection target moves. Further, the second projection position changing unit 12 can change the projection position in at least one direction (for example, the pan direction), and the first projection position changing unit 11 can at least change the second projection position. The projection position can be changed in the same direction (for example, the pan direction) as the change direction of the projection position by the unit 12. Details of the projection position changing unit 3 will be described later.

  The position detection sensor 4 is a position detection unit that detects the position of the projection target. For example, the position detection sensor 4 includes an IR (infrared) camera that obtains three-dimensional position information by pattern projection or TOF (time of flight). You may comprise a laser radar, an ultrasonic sensor, a digital camera, etc.

  The control unit 5 includes a calculation unit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and based on the position information of the projection target detected by the position detection sensor 4, the first projection position change unit 11 and the second projection position change unit 11. This is a projection position control unit that gives a command for changing the projection position to the projection position changing unit 12. The detailed configuration of the control unit 5 will be described later.

[Details of the projection position changing unit]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the external appearance of the projection position changing unit 3. The first projection position changing unit 11 includes an optical shift mechanism 11a that optically changes the projection position.

  In this embodiment, the lens barrel shift method is adopted as the shift method by the optical shift mechanism 11a. As shown in FIG. 2, the lens barrel shift method is a method in which the projection position is optically changed by shifting the lens barrel 2b of the projection unit 2 in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens. The optical shift mechanism 11a includes a fine movement actuator 32a (see FIG. 7) described later for moving the lens barrel 2b, and a fine movement driver 32b (see FIG. 7) for driving the fine movement actuator 32a.

  As the shift method, in addition to the lens barrel shift method, a single lens shift method shown in FIG. 3 or a lens group shift method shown in FIG. 4 can be adopted. The single lens shift method is a method in which the projection position is optically changed by shifting only one lens L of the plurality of lenses included in the lens barrel 2b in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. The lens group shift method is a method in which the projection position is optically shifted by shifting a lens group G composed of two or more lenses among a plurality of lenses included in the lens barrel 2b in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. It is a method to change. In the single lens shift method and the lens group shift method, the weight of the driven part is further lighter than that of the lens barrel shift method. As an actuator for driving a single lens or a lens group, for example, a VCM (voice coil motor), a piezoelectric ultrasonic linear actuator (SIDM: Smooth Impact Drive Mechanism), an STM (stepping motor), or the like can be applied. Of course, the optical shift mechanism 11a can change the projection position by combining the lens barrel shift method and the single lens shift method or the lens group shift method.

  In this way, by configuring the first projection position changing unit 11 with the optical shift mechanism 11a, the first projection position changing unit 11 has higher responsiveness and higher resolution than the second projection position changing unit 12. Can be realized. Here, the responsiveness is a response speed from when a command to change the projection position is given by the control unit 5 to when the change of the projection position is completed. Therefore, high response means that the response speed is high. Further, the resolution is the movement accuracy when changing the projection position, and the high resolution means that the movement accuracy is high, that is, the deviation between the changed projection position and the target position is small.

  On the other hand, the second projection position changing unit 12 includes a pan / tilt head 12a that changes the projection position in the pan direction (left-right direction) and the tilt direction (up-down direction). In the present embodiment, the projection unit 2 and the first projection position changing unit 11 are mounted on the pan / tilt pan head 12a, and these can be integrally rotated in the pan direction and the tilt direction. The movable range of the pan / tilt head 12a is about 180 degrees in the pan direction and about 90 degrees in the tilt direction. As a result, the second projection position changing unit 12 has a wider range of changeable projection positions than the first projection position changing unit 11. The pan / tilt pan head 12a has a coarse motion actuator 31a (see FIG. 7) described later for moving (rotating) the load in the pan direction and the tilt direction, and a coarse motion actuator for driving the coarse motion actuator 31a. Driver 31b (see FIG. 7).

[Projection operation]
FIG. 5 schematically shows a situation (scene) in which a person to be projected walks and moves on the stage in the X direction (direction from the stage left end A toward the stage right end B). Here, as an example, consider projecting a “☆” mark as an image on the back of the right hand of a person who is walking on the stage.

  In this case, the movement of moving from the left to the right is defined as coarse movement, and the movement such as a pendulum of the right hand when walking (with the shoulder as a fulcrum) is defined as fine movement. FIG. 6 shows a state where the scene of FIG. 5 is divided into coarse motion and fine motion. In this embodiment, the movement of a person is detected, and this is classified into coarse movement and fine movement, and the projection position change for the coarse movement and the projection position change for the fine movement are performed by separate projection position changing units. The "☆" mark as a video is projected exactly on the back of the right hand of the moving person.

  More specifically, the control unit 5 selects a corresponding target to be tracked (here, a person on the stage) from a plurality of images (images of frames shifted in time) taken by the position detection sensor 4 (for example, a camera). The extraction operation is repeated, and the movement (displacement and its direction, speed, acceleration) of the person is grasped from the position information of the tracking target and the time difference between the frames. At this time, the control unit 5 can grasp the coarse motion by extracting the motion of the center of gravity of the person with respect to a certain reference position on the stage in the scene of FIG. 5, and the motion of the arm with reference to the center of gravity. It is possible to grasp microtremors by extracting. The speed of human movement can be obtained by differentiating the displacement, and the acceleration of movement can be obtained by differentiating the speed.

  Next, the control unit 5 changes the projection position to the second projection position changing unit 12 for coarse movement and the first projection position changing unit 11 for fine movement with respect to the extracted coarse movement and fine movement. These commands (command values) are given and driven to change the projection position. As a result, it is possible to accurately project the image (“☆” mark) to the moving person. The reason is as follows.

  For example, when only the pan / tilt pan head is used as a mechanism for changing the projection position and projection is performed in the above scene, the projection unit can project the projection position corresponding to the coarse motion and the fine motion with only the pan / tilt pan head. The direction of the must be changed. For this reason, the pan / tilt head is required to have responsiveness, resolution, and movable range that can cope with both coarse movement and fine movement, resulting in a large (or high performance) projection position changing mechanism. Further, when a large projector is used to project a bright image, the weight of the portion that the projection position changing mechanism must drive increases, and a larger (or higher performance) projection position changing mechanism is required. .

  However, as in the present embodiment, as the projection position changing mechanism, as shown in FIG. 2, the projection position changing unit 3 having the first projection position changing unit 11 and the second projection position changing unit 12 is used. Although the first projection position changing unit 11 has a narrow follow-up range (changeable range of the projection position), it has high responsiveness and resolution, and the second projection position changing unit 12 has low responsiveness and resolution. By providing a wide tracking range, the movement of the person walking on the stage (coarse movement) can be traced over a wide range by the second projection position changing unit 12 while performing the pendulum movement. The movement (fine movement) can be followed by the first projection direction changing unit 11 with high responsiveness and high movement accuracy.

  In addition, since the first projection position change unit 11 can change the projection position at least in the same direction as the change direction of the projection position by the second projection position change unit 12, the projection position change unit 3 Both coarse movement and fine movement in the same direction can be handled. That is, coarse movement in a certain direction can be dealt with by changing the projection position by the second projection position changing unit 12, and fine movement in the above direction can be dealt with by changing the projection position by the first projection position changing unit 11. it can. Thereby, even when a person moves in the above direction in a complicated manner (in a mode in which coarse motion and fine motion are mixed), it is possible to cause the projection target person to follow the projection video well.

  That is, as in the present embodiment, two types of projection position changing units (first projection position changing unit 11 and second projection position changing unit 12) are used, and a driving source (motor) suitable for fine movement and coarse movement. As a mechanism for changing the projection position by mounting them on the screen, it moves in a complex manner without using a large, high-capacity special mechanism that can handle both fine and coarse movements of the projection target. It is possible to project an image so as to quickly and exactly overlap the projection target in real time.

  In particular, in order to follow a subject that has a narrow movement range and a relatively fast movement, such as the back of the right hand, it is advantageous that the weight of the driven part is light. In that respect, the optical shift mechanism 11a constituting the first projection position changing unit 11 employs a method of driving only the optical system among the components of the projection apparatus 1 (because it can be configured with a small size and a light weight). It is advantageous. Further, since the optical shift mechanism 11a can be configured in a small size, even if the first projection position changing unit 11 (optical shift mechanism 11a) is provided in addition to the second projection position changing unit 12, coarse movement and fine movement are possible. Compared to the case of using a single large projection position changing mechanism that can handle both, the enlargement of the projection device 1 can be reduced.

  In addition, since the pan / tilt head 12a can change the projection position to about 180 degrees in the pan direction and about 90 degrees in the tilt direction as described above, the projection object can be moved over a wide range (coarse motion). This is very effective for the second projection position changing unit 12 that follows the projection position.

[Details of control unit]
Next, details of the control unit 5 described above will be described. FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the control unit 5. The control unit 5 includes a coarse / fine movement classification unit 21, a coarse movement target value calculation unit 22, a fine movement target value calculation unit 23, a coarse movement command value calculation unit 24, and a fine movement command value calculation unit 25. ing. These can be constituted by one CPU or can be constituted by separate CPUs.

  The coarse / fine movement classification unit 21 extracts a projection target (for example, a person) from each frame image captured by the position detection sensor 4 (camera), and separates the extracted movement of the person into coarse movement and fine movement. From the time difference between the two frames, the displacement, speed, and acceleration of coarse and fine movements are obtained. As described above, coarse motion and fine motion can be separated by extracting the motion of the center of gravity of the person relative to a certain reference position on the stage, and by detecting the motion of the arm based on the center of gravity. Can be done by grasping.

  The coarse motion target value calculation unit 22 determines the projection position of the coarse motion target, the target speed, and the target acceleration from the coarse motion data (displacement, speed, acceleration) classified by the coarse motion / fine motion classification unit 21, respectively. A coarse motion target position calculation unit 22a, a coarse motion target speed calculation unit 22b, a coarse motion target acceleration calculation unit 22c to be calculated, and a switching element that outputs at least one of the information calculated by these to the coarse motion command value calculation unit 24 22d.

  The fine movement target value calculation unit 23 calculates the fine movement target projection position, the target speed, and the target acceleration from the fine movement data (displacement, speed, acceleration) classified by the coarse movement / fine movement classification unit 21. A target position calculation unit 23a, a fine movement target speed calculation unit 23b, a fine movement target acceleration calculation unit 23c, and a switching element 23d that outputs at least one of the information calculated by these to the fine movement command value calculation unit 25 are provided.

  The coarse motion command value calculation unit 24 uses at least one of the coarse motion target projection position, the target speed, and the target acceleration calculated by the coarse motion target value calculation unit 22, at the target position, or A command value for driving the second projection position changing unit 12 is calculated in consideration of the current position of the projection apparatus 1 so that the projection position moves at the target speed and the target acceleration. The current position of the projection device 1 is taken into account even if the second projection position changing unit 12 is driven with the same command value depending on the position of the projection device 1, that is, the distance between the projection target and the projection device 1. This is because the projection position with respect to the projection target is shifted. Since the distance between the position detection sensor 4 and the projection target can be detected simultaneously with the position detection of the projection target by the position detection sensor 4, the coarse motion command value calculation unit 24 can grasp the position of the projection device 1. Is possible.

  The command value related to the coarse motion calculated by the coarse motion command value calculation unit 24 is input to the coarse motion driver 31 b of the second projection position changing unit 12. The coarse movement driver 31b drives the coarse movement actuator 31a based on the command value, thereby driving the pan / tilt pan head 12a of the second projection position changing unit 12 and setting the projection position to the target position or It changes with the target speed or acceleration.

  The fine movement command value calculation unit 25 uses at least one of the projection position of the fine movement target, the target speed, and the target acceleration calculated by the fine movement target value calculation unit 23, to the target position, or to the target speed. The command value for driving the first projection position changing unit 11 is calculated in consideration of the current position of the projection apparatus 1 so that the projection position moves at the target acceleration. The reason why the current position of the projection apparatus 1 is taken into account is the same as described above.

  The command value relating to the fine movement calculated by the fine movement command value calculation unit 25 is input to the fine movement driver 32 b of the first projection position changing unit 11. The fine movement driver 32b drives the fine movement actuator 32a based on the command value, so that the optical shift mechanism 11a is driven, and the projection position is changed to the target position, or at the target speed or acceleration.

[Other configurations of the projection apparatus]
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another configuration of the projection apparatus 1, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the pan / tilt head 12a in the configuration of FIG. 8 uses an electronic shift mechanism 11b as the first projection position changing unit 11, and the pan / tilt pan head 12a constituting the second projection position changing unit 12 has only the projection unit 2 mounted thereon. Except for the above, the configuration is the same as that of the projection apparatus 1 of FIG.

  The electronic shift mechanism 11b electronically changes the projection position of the image by displaying the image in a part of the entire projection area and shifting the part of the area in which the image is displayed in the entire projection area. To do. Specifically, the electronic shift mechanism 11b includes an image processing unit that processes projection video data so that a part of the video display area is shifted in the entire projection area. In this way, a part of the entire projection area is used as an image display area, and an image is not displayed in other areas (no projection light = black), and the image is displayed without moving the projection unit 2. By shifting the area within the entire projection area, the projection position can be substantially changed (electronic shift method).

  The electronic shift mechanism 11b changes the projection position of the image electronically as described above, and does not change the projection position mechanically like a pan / tilt pan head. This is very effective as the first projection position changing unit 11 for causing the projection position to follow the quick movement (fine movement).

  In the case of the electronic shift method, since the entire projection area corresponding to the movable range of the optical axis is required, compared with a method of physically changing the projection position, such as a lens barrel shift method, The brightness and resolution will be inferior. However, since it is possible to reduce the number of movable parts, it is possible to improve reliability and reduce system cost.

  FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing still another configuration of the projection apparatus 1. The projection apparatus 1 in FIG. 10 has the same configuration as the projection apparatus 1 in FIG. 1 except that the projection unit 2 is mounted with a zoom lens for projecting an enlarged or reduced image.

  For example, it is difficult to imagine a performance that does not move in the depth direction of the stage in the performance of people on the stage. In the configurations of FIGS. 1 and 8, the projection position can follow the movement of the projection target in the left-right direction of the stage, but the movement in the stage depth direction (front-rear direction, direction toward or away from the projection apparatus) Cannot follow the projection position. However, as shown in FIG. 10, by using the projection unit 2 equipped with a zoom lens, it is possible to follow the projection position corresponding to the movement in the stage depth direction, and the width of the applicable projection scene (projection variation). Can be spread.

  For example, when the projection object moves in a direction away from the projection apparatus 1, it is possible to continue the projection while maintaining the size of the projection image with respect to the projection object by reducing the projection magnification. When the projection target approaches the projection apparatus 1, the opposite is necessary. Such correspondence may not be necessary depending on the contents of the effect, and there may be cases where the opposite is performed.

  As a method of changing the projection magnification (magnification ratio, reduction ratio) of the video in this way, there is a method of optically changing the projection magnification by moving the zoom lens of the projection unit 2 in the optical axis direction. The optical shift mechanism 11a of the first projection position changing unit 11 moves the zoom lens in the direction of the optical axis in addition to shifting the lens or the lens barrel in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. By changing, even if the projection target moves in the stage depth direction, the projection position can follow the movement.

  Here, since the position detection sensor 4 can detect the distance between the position of the projection target and the projection apparatus 1 as described above, the distance information is supplied to the control unit 5, and the target is detected by the control unit 5. Is calculated and included in the command value for driving the optical shift mechanism 11a. When the optical shift mechanism 11a changes the projection magnification based on the command value, it is possible to project an image with a size corresponding to the position in the depth direction of the projection target.

  Even when the projection unit 2 does not include a zoom lens, the projection magnification can be changed by an electronic method. For example, in the configuration of FIG. 8 in which the projection unit 2 does not include a zoom lens, the electronic shift mechanism 11b processes the data of the projection video and uses a part of the entire projection area as the video area. The projection magnification of the image can also be increased by not displaying the image in the region (no projection light = black) and enlarging or reducing the image display region in the entire projection region without moving the projection unit 2. It can be changed substantially (electronic zoom method).

  With the electronic zoom method, the entire projection area corresponding to the maximum magnification of the projected image is required, so the brightness and resolution of the projected image are inferior compared to physical means such as moving the zoom optical system. It is possible to increase the reliability by reducing the movable parts and reduce the system cost.

[About switching of drive mode]
The control unit 5 described above may function as a drive mode control unit that controls the drive modes of the first projection position changing unit 11 and the second projection position changing unit 12. More specifically, a mode in which the first projection position changing unit 11 and the second projection position changing unit 12 are driven simultaneously is set as a first drive mode, and the first projection position changing unit 11 and the second projection position are set. When the mode for driving only one of the changing units 12 is set as the second drive mode, the control unit 5 may perform control to switch between the first drive mode and the second drive mode.

  As a mode of movement (movement) of the projection target, there is a mode in which coarse motion and fine motion occur simultaneously as described above, but there is also a mode in which only coarse motion or only fine motion occurs. For example, as a motion of a person who is only stepping on the spot, only a fine motion is generated, and as a motion of a rolling ball, only a rough motion is generated. Therefore, when projecting an image on the foot of a person who is only stepping on the spot, it is possible to respond by changing the projection position for fine movement, and when projecting an image on a rolling ball, It can respond by change.

  Therefore, when the control unit 5 switches between the first drive mode and the second drive mode, not only when the movement of the projection target is “fine movement + coarse movement” but also “fine movement only” or “coarse movement only”. Even in this case, only the necessary projection position changing unit can be driven to change the projection position.

  In particular, as described above, the control unit 5 grasps coarse movement from the movement of the center of gravity of the person based on the change in position information between the frames of the projection target (person) detected by the position detection sensor 4. It is possible to grasp the fine movement from the movement of the arm based on the center of gravity. Therefore, the control unit 5 determines the mode of movement of the projection target (“coarse motion + fine motion”, “coarse motion only”, “fine motion only”) based on the change in the position information, and based on the determination result. By switching between the first drive mode and the second drive mode, the projection position can be changed by driving only the necessary projection position changing unit in an appropriate drive mode according to the mode of movement of the projection target. it can.

[Others]
In the above description, a large movement when a person walks is described as coarse movement, and the displacement caused by swinging the arm is described as fine movement. However, the definition of coarse movement and fine movement is not limited to this. With regard to the motion of an object to be followed, a relatively slow movement with a wide movement range can be regarded as a rough movement, and a relatively fast movement with a narrow movement range can be regarded as a fine movement. Therefore, the boundary between coarse movement and fine movement varies depending on the projection target.

  For example, in the scene shown in FIG. 5, when it is desired to project an image that follows the human hand and foot, it is possible to perform projection by installing two projection units 2. When it is desired to project an image on a person, it is possible to project the image using a plurality of projection units 2. Even in this case, it is of course possible to apply the configuration and control of the present embodiment described above.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the projection apparatus capable of mainly moving object projection mapping has been described, but the projection apparatus is not limited to the configuration described in the present embodiment, and the description of the claims and the description thereof. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications are possible within the scope of equivalents.

  The present invention is applicable to a projection apparatus such as a projector that projects an image on a moving projection target.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Projection apparatus 2 Projection part 3 Projection position change part 4 Position detection sensor (position detection part)
5 Control unit (projection position control unit, drive mode control unit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 1st projection position change part 11a Optical shift mechanism 11b Electronic shift mechanism 12 2nd projection position change part 12a Pan / tilt pan head

Claims (8)

A projection unit that projects an image onto a projection target;
Two types of projection position changing units that can change the projection position of the video by the projection unit as the projection target moves;
A position detector for detecting the position of the projection target;
A projection position control unit that gives a command for changing the projection position to each projection position change unit based on the position information of the projection target detected by the position detection unit;
When one of the projection position changing units is a first projection position changing unit and the other is a second projection position changing unit,
The first projection position changing unit is faster in response speed than the second projection position changing unit until the projection position change is completed after the command is given by the projection position control unit, and The movement accuracy of the projection position is high,
The second projection position change unit has a wider range of changeable projection positions than the first projection position change unit, and can change the projection position in at least one direction.
The projection apparatus, wherein the first projection position changing unit is capable of changing the projection position at least in the same direction as the direction of changing the projection position by the second projection position changing unit. The first projection position changing unit includes an optical shift mechanism that optically changes the projection position by shifting the lens barrel or at least one lens included in the lens barrel in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Has been
The projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second projection position changing unit includes a pan / tilt head for changing the projection position in a pan direction and a tilt direction. The first projection position changing unit displays an image in a part of the entire projection area, and shifts a part of the entire projection area to display the image, thereby projecting the image. It consists of an electronic shift mechanism that changes the position electronically,
The projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second projection position changing unit includes a pan / tilt head for changing the projection position in a pan direction and a tilt direction.   The projection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first projection position changing unit changes a projection magnification of an image based on the command. The projection unit includes a zoom lens for projecting an image by enlarging or reducing the image,
The projection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first projection position changing unit changes the projection magnification by moving the zoom lens in an optical axis direction.   The first projection position changing unit displays the video in a part of the whole projection area, and enlarges or reduces the part of the whole projection area in which the video is displayed. The projection apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the magnification is changed.   Drive that switches between a first drive mode that drives the first and second projection position changing units simultaneously and a second drive mode that drives only one of the first and second projection position changing units The projection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a mode control unit.   The drive mode control unit determines a movement mode of the projection target based on a change in position information of the projection target detected by the position detection unit, and based on the determination result, the first drive mode The projection apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the projection mode and the second drive mode are switched.

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