JP2015180802A - Wall repair method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall repair method allowing dwellers to live in a house under repair work capable of improving heat insulation performance and fire-retardant performance while reducing waste generation, construction time and a work amount.SOLUTION: The wall repair method to cover the surface of an existing wall 1 with a new wall includes the steps of: removing an upper part and a lower part of an existing wall material 3 in a full length of the existing wall 1 in a width direction and forming an upper cutout part 6 and a lower cutout part 7; attaching a reinforcement member 4 to the upper cutout part 6 and the lower cutout part 7; and covering the surface of the existing wall material 3 remaining between the upper cutout part 6 and the lower cutout part 7 and disposing a new wall material 5 and fixing the new wall material 5 to the reinforcement member 4.

Description

  The present invention is a method applied when repairing an existing wall, and in particular, is a method suitably used for repairing an outer wall.

  Conventionally, various methods have been adopted to renovate an existing wall of a house to a new wall (see, for example, Patent Document 1). For example, by removing all existing wall materials such as mortar from existing walls, exposing the existing wall foundation such as pillars and foundations, filling the existing wall foundation with heat insulating material, and then plywood etc. on the surface of the existing roofing material A new base plate is fixed with a fixture such as a nail, and then a new wall is formed by attaching a surface material such as a siding material to the surface of the new base plate. Another method is to remove all existing wall materials such as mortar from the existing wall, expose the existing wall base such as pillars and foundations, attach braces to the existing wall base with metal fittings, etc. The wall base is filled with a heat insulating material, and then a new wall is formed by attaching a surface material such as a siding material to the surface side of the existing wall base and the bracing.

Registered Utility Model No. 3015650 ([Prior Art])

  However, when all the existing wall materials are removed from the existing walls, a large amount of waste materials are generated, which takes time and labor for construction, and there is a problem that it is impossible to live during construction.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, reduces the generation of waste materials and construction time and labor, can be performed while staying in a house, and improves the heat insulation performance and fire resistance performance. The purpose is to provide a wall renovation method.

  The wall repair structure of the present invention is a wall repair structure in which the surface of an existing wall is covered with a new wall, and a reinforcing member is attached to the existing wall base exposed by removing a part of the existing wall material, The new wall material is arranged by covering the surface of the existing wall material remaining on the existing wall base, and the new wall material is fixed to the reinforcing member.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal sandwich panel, a structural plywood, a metal plate, and a siding material as the new wall material.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to use a metal sandwich panel as the new wall material and fix the new wall material to the reinforcing member by driving a fixing tool into the corner of the metal sandwich panel.

  In the present invention, a metal sandwich panel is used as a new wall material, a plurality of metal panels are juxtaposed to cover the surface of the existing wall material, and adjacent metal sandwich panels are connected by uneven fitting. It is preferable to fix the new wall material to the reinforcing member by penetrating the concave-convex fitting portion and driving a fixture.

  In the present invention, since a part of the existing wall material is removed, the generation of the waste material can be reduced and the time and labor for the removal can be reduced as compared with the case where the entire existing wall material is removed. It can be done. In addition, since the new wall is formed with the existing wall almost left, construction can be performed while in the house, and the performance of the reinforcing member and the new wall material can be added to the performance of the existing wall. It is possible to improve the heat insulation performance and fire resistance performance of the new wall as compared to the existing wall.

An example of embodiment of this invention is shown, (a)-(d) is schematic sectional drawing. The wall test body same as the above is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a bottom view. It is sectional drawing which shows a part same as the above. A part of the above is shown, and (a) and (b) are sectional views. The connection of a base and a beam and a pillar same as the above is shown, (a) is a partial front view, and (b) is a partial side view. The wall test body of Example 1 is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. The wall test body of Example 2 is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. The wall test body of the comparative example 1 is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. The wall test body of the comparative example 2 is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. An example of other embodiment of this invention is shown, (a)-(c) is a schematic sectional drawing. An example of another embodiment of the present invention is shown, and (a) and (b) are schematic sectional views.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  The wall renovation structure of the present invention can be applied to the existing wall 1 such as an outer wall, an inner wall, and a partition wall, and is particularly suitable for an outer wall that requires heat insulation performance, fire resistance performance, and earthquake resistance performance.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the existing wall 1 is formed by providing a plate-like existing wall material 3 on the surface of an existing wall base 2. The existing wall base 2 has a lower horizontal member 2a such as a base and an upper horizontal member 2b such as an eaves girder arranged substantially parallel to each other while being vertically opposed to each other, and between the lower horizontal member 2a and the upper horizontal member 2b. A plurality of pillars 2c are erected in between so that they can be combined in a frame shape. The existing wall material 3 may be anything as long as it has been conventionally used in a house. For example, mortar can be exemplified.

  The reinforcing member 4 can be made of wood or metal square. It is preferable that the thickness of the reinforcing member 4 is substantially the same as the thickness of the existing wall material 3, so that when the reinforcing member 4 is attached to the existing wall base 2, the surface of the reinforcing member 4 is the surface of the existing wall material 3. The dimension protruding outward from the surface can be minimized, and the new wall material 5 can be easily fixed.

The new wall material 5 may be anything as long as it is conventionally used in a house, for example, a combination of one or more selected from the group of metal sandwich panels, structural plywood, metal plates, siding materials, and the like. Can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use a metal sandwich panel. The metal sandwich panel is formed into a plate shape by filling a heat insulating material between two metal shells. As the metal skin, for example, a metal plate having a thickness of about 0.27 to 1.6 mm formed into a desired shape by rolling or bending can be used. As the metal plate, a steel plate, a coated steel plate, a galvanized steel plate, an aluminum-zinc alloy plated steel plate, or the like can be used, but is not limited thereto. As the heat insulating material, for example, a resin foam such as polyisocyanurate foam, urethane foam or phenol foam having a density of 40 to 60 kg / m ³ is used. Moreover, fibrous inorganic materials, such as rock wool and glass wool, can also be used as a heat insulating material. And when a metal sandwich panel is used, compared with the case where the other new wall material 5 is used, a new wall with high heat insulation performance, fireproof performance, and seismic performance can be formed as a load bearing wall.

  And in renovating the existing wall 1 shown to Fig.1 (a), it carries out as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the upper notch 6 and the lower notch 6 are removed by removing the upper and lower portions of the existing wall material 3 over the entire length of the existing wall 1 in the width direction (horizontal direction). Part 7 is formed. Here, the upper part and the lower part of the existing wall material 3 are a part of the existing wall material 3 in the vicinity of the joint between the horizontal material such as the lower horizontal material 2a and the upper horizontal material 2b and the column 2c, For example, it is preferable to remove the existing wall material 3 with a dimension of about 100 to 200 mm in the vertical direction from a joint portion between the horizontal member and the column 2c (a boundary portion between the horizontal member and the column 2c). The amount of removal of the existing wall material 3 is preferably small in order to reduce the generation of waste material, and can be appropriately set according to the dimensions and mounting strength of the reinforcing member 4. The upper notch 6 exposes the lower part of the upper horizontal member 2b and the upper part of the column 2c, and the lower notch 7 exposes the upper part of the lower horizontal member 2a and the lower part of the column 2c. The remaining existing wall material 3 is fixed to the surface of the column 2c.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1C, the reinforcing member 4 is provided in each of the upper notch 6 and the lower notch 7. The reinforcing member 4 can be provided over substantially the entire length in the width direction (horizontal direction) of the upper notch 6 and the lower notch 7. The vertical dimension (vertical dimension) of the reinforcing member 4 can be made equal to the vertical dimension of the upper notch 6 or the vertical dimension of the lower notch 7. Further, the vertical dimension of the reinforcing member 4 may be shorter than the vertical dimension of the upper notch 6 or the lower notch 7, and in this case, in the upper notch 6 or in the lower notch. The vertical position of the reinforcing member 4 in the notch 7 can be set as appropriate. Accordingly, a gap is formed between the lower surface of the reinforcing member 4 provided in the upper notch 6 and the upper surface of the remaining existing wall material 3, or the upper surface of the reinforcing member 4 provided in the lower notch 7 and the remaining. There may be a case where a gap is formed between the lower surface of the existing wall material 3 to be formed. The reinforcing member 4 is bonded to the surface of the existing wall base 2 exposed from the upper notch 6 and the lower notch 7, and is fixed to the lower horizontal member 2a and the upper horizontal member 2b with a fixing tool such as a nail or a screw. can do.

  Thereafter, the new wall material 5 is attached. The new wall material 5 is attached so as to cover the surfaces of the upper and lower reinforcing members 4 and the surface of the remaining existing wall material 3. Further, the new wall material 5 can be fixed to the existing wall base 2 through the reinforcing member 4 by driving a fixing tool such as a nail or a screw from the surface of the upper end portion and the lower end portion into the reinforcing member 4. . In this way, the number of fixtures is reduced by fixing the new wall member 5 to the upper and lower ends by the fixtures, and the number of fixtures is reduced regardless of the situation of the existing wall member 3, the interval between the columns 2c, and the presence or absence of the intermediate columns. Performance can be ensured.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.1 (d), the new wall material 5 can be piled up and attached to the front and back. In this case, the new wall material 5a on the back side can use a member having high heat insulation performance, fire resistance, and earthquake resistance such as a metal sandwich panel or a structural plywood, and the new wall material 5b on the front side can be a metal plate or siding material. A member excellent in design and the like can be used even if the heat insulation performance, fire resistance, and earthquake resistance are not so high.

  In either case of FIGS. 1C and 1D, the surface of the new wall material 5 (5b) can be painted on the construction site.

  In the present invention, a part of the existing wall material 3 can be removed by exposing the horizontal member of the existing wall base 2 so that the reinforcing member 4 can be fixed. For example, the existing wall 1 shown in FIG. 10 (a) is a wall of a two-story or higher building, and includes a horizontal member and a plurality of eaves girder 2f and a trunk difference 2d arranged opposite to each other on the base 2e. The existing wall base 2 is formed with the pillar 2c. And between the base 2e and the trunk difference 2d on it is formed as the first floor part F1, and between the trunk difference 2d and the eaves girder 2f arranged on the upper side is formed as the second floor part F2. The column 2c is provided between the base 2e and the trunk difference 2d thereon, and between the trunk difference 2d and the eaves girder 2f. The existing wall material 3 is formed so as to extend from the base 2e to the eaves girder 2f.

  In such an existing wall 1, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the notch 26 may be formed so that the joint portion between the pillar 2 c and the eaves girder 2 f provided on the second floor portion F 2 is exposed. it can. Moreover, the notch part 27 can be formed so that the joint part of the pillar 2c and the trunk | drum difference 2d provided in the second floor part F2 may be exposed. Moreover, the notch part 28 can be formed so that the joint part of the pillar 2c and the trunk | drum difference 2d provided in the 1st floor part F1 may be exposed. Furthermore, the notch part 29 can be formed so that the joint part of the pillar 2c provided in the first floor part F1 and the base 2e is exposed. And as shown in FIG.10 (c), the reinforcement member 4 can be attached to these notches 26-29 similarly to the above, and also the new wall material 5 can be attached similarly to the above.

  Further, when the vertical dimension of the trunk difference 2d is small (for example, 105 mm or less), the entire outer surface of the trunk difference 2d is replaced by the notches 27 and 28 shown in FIG. 10 as shown in FIG. The existing wall material 3 may be removed in a lump so that the notch 30 is exposed. Also in this case, the reinforcing member 4 can be attached to the notches 26, 29, and 30 as shown in FIG. 11B, and the new wall member 5 can be attached in the same manner as described above.

  When a metal sandwich panel is used as the new wall member 5 in the above-described wall renovation structure, the new wall member 5 is inserted into the four corners of the metal sandwich panel by concentrating the fixtures 10. It is preferable to fix to the reinforcing member 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, eight fixtures are driven into one corner from the side end of the new wall material 5 at intervals of 10 to 30 mm, and fixtures are placed at locations other than the corners. You can avoid typing. In this way, by concentrating and fixing the fixtures at the four corners of the metal sandwich panel, the same number of fixtures can be distributed evenly throughout the metal sandwich panel. The fixing strength of the wall material 5 can be increased. This is because it is more difficult to place the fixtures at the four corners of the metal sandwich panel than when placing the same number of fixtures evenly distributed throughout the metal sandwich panel. This is because the distance from the center of the sandwich panel (rotation center) to the fixed point (screwing position) becomes longer and the force (the sum of the moments) increases, so the effect of suppressing the force that rotates the metal sandwich panel is great. It is done.

  Further, in the wall renovation structure as described above, a plurality of new wall materials 5 can be arranged side by side vertically and horizontally. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the adjacent new wall materials 5 and 5 can be connected by uneven | corrugated fitting. That is, the fitting convex part 11 is provided in one end part (one side edge part, upper end part, etc.) of the new wall material 5, and the other end part (the other side edge part or lower end part) opposite to the fitting convex part 11 Etc.), and the adjacent new wall materials 5 and 5 can be connected by inserting the fitting convex part 11 into the fitting concave part 12 and fitting. And when a metal sandwich panel is used as the new wall material 5, it is preferable to drive in the fixture 10 so as to pass through the fitting concave portion 12 and the fitting convex portion 11 in the fitted state. The side wall of the fitting recess 12 of the metal sandwich panel is formed in series with the metal outer skins 13 and 14, and the end portions of the metal plate forming the metal outer skins 13 and 14 are folded back twice. The side surface of the fitting convex portion 11 of the metal sandwich panel is formed in series with the metal outer skins 13 and 14 and is formed by the end portion of the metal plate forming the metal outer skins 13 and 14. Therefore, when the fixture 10 is driven so as to penetrate the fitting portion between the fitting concave portion 12 and the fitting convex portion 11, as compared with the case where the fixture 10 is driven into the other portion of the metal sandwich panel, The number of metal plates through which the fixing tool 10 penetrates can be increased, and the bonding strength between the fixing tool 10 and the metal sandwich panel can be increased. Therefore, the strength of fixing the metal sandwich panel, which is the new wall material 5, to the reinforcing member 4 and the existing wall base 2 can be improved.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.

Example 1
A wall specimen S as shown in FIG. 2 was prepared. The existing wall base 2 of the wall test body S has outer dimensions of width 2520 mm, height 2910 mm, and thickness of 105 mm or more, and three 910 mm intervals between the lower horizontal member 2a and the upper horizontal member 2b. A column 2c is provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the column 2c, the lower horizontal member 2a, and the upper horizontal member 2b were connected with a tenon and a nail. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, the reinforcing member 4 is provided in the front surface of the base 2a, and the whole surface of the upper horizontal member 2b. The reinforcing member 4 was a cedar material, and had a width (height) of 52.5 mm, a length of 910 mm, and a thickness of 35 mm. As a fixture 15 for fixing the reinforcing member 4, a nail N90 of 150 mm was used. As the new wall material 5, a metal sandwich panel (Nisuku board W manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Steel Co., Ltd.) was used. This is a width of 910 mm, a length (height) of 2730 mm, a thickness of 35 mm, a coated galvalume steel plate having a thickness of 0.35 mm as the outer skin material (one metal outer skin), and a thickness as the inner skin material (other metal outer skin). A 0.5 mm coated galvalume steel plate was used, and isocyanurate foam was used as the heat insulating material. A screw (panel lead P6, diameter 6 mm, length 120 mm) was used as a fixture for fixing the new wall material 5.

  The wall specimen S before renovation is formed as an existing wall 1, and a mortar wall having a thickness of 35 mm is formed as the existing wall material 3 on the surface of the existing wall base 2. The existing wall material 3 is removed 100 mm vertically from the joint between the upper horizontal member 2a and the lower horizontal member 2b and the column 2c to form an upper notch 6 and a lower notch 7. The reinforcing member 4 was attached to the upper cutout 6 and the lower cutout 7 with a fixture 15. In the upper notch 6, two reinforcing members 4 are arranged in the longitudinal direction so as to cover the entire length of the upper notch 6 in the width direction. The vertical dimension of the reinforcing member 4 is 52.5 mm, and the height positions of the joint portions of the upper horizontal member 2b and the column 2c and the lower surface of the reinforcing member 4 are made uniform. Accordingly, a space is formed between the upper surface of the remaining existing wall material 3 and the lower surface of the reinforcing member 4. Similarly, the lower notch 7 is also provided over the entire length in the width direction of the lower notch 7 with the two reinforcing members 4 aligned in the longitudinal direction. The vertical dimension of the reinforcing member 4 is 52.5 mm, and the height positions of the joint portions of the lower horizontal member 2a and the column 2c and the upper surface of the reinforcing member 4 are made uniform. Therefore, a space is formed between the lower surface of the remaining existing wall material 3 and the upper surface of the reinforcing member 4.

  Next, the new wall material 5 was arrange | positioned so that the surface of the existing existing wall base 2 and the surface of the reinforcement member 4 might be coat | covered. Two new wall materials 5 were used, arranged side by side in the horizontal direction, and connected by uneven fitting. In fixing the new wall material 5 to the reinforcing member 4, eight fixtures were driven into the four corners of the new wall material 5 at intervals of 25 mm. In this way, the wall was repaired as shown in FIG. In addition, in FIGS. 2-5, the member name used for the wall test body S and the dimension of each part are shown.

(Example 2)
As the new wall material 5, a plywood having the same size as that of the metal sandwich panel was used. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, the new wall material 5 fixed the upper end part and the lower end part over the full length by driving in the fixing tool 10 with an interval of 150 mm. Also, two new wall materials 5 were used, and the side end portions were butted and connected in the lateral direction. Other structures were the same as in Example 1.

(Comparative Example 1)
All the existing wall materials 3 were removed from the wall specimen S before renovation. The remaining existing wall base 2 is filled with glass wool, and as shown in FIG. 8, the same plywood (new wall material 5) as in Example 2 is fixed to the surface of the existing wall base 2 with the fixture 10 over the entire circumference. did.

(Comparative Example 2)
All the existing wall materials 3 were removed from the wall specimen S before renovation. As shown in FIG. 9, the brace 20 was provided in the remaining existing wall base 2, and it filled with glass wool, and also the same plywood as Example 2 was fixed to the surface of the existing wall base 2 with the fixing tool over the perimeter. The end of the brace 20 is fixed to the existing wall base 2 with a brace fitting (model number / product code: HSS II / 097700) 21.

[Performance evaluation]
About an Example and a comparative example, the heat insulation performance, fire resistance performance, and earthquake resistance performance were evaluated. The heat insulation performance was evaluated by thermal conductivity.

Further, in the evaluation of fire resistance performance, it is necessary to satisfy the following criteria in order to obtain a fire prevention structure.
Make studs and underlayers with non-combustible material, and have the structure specified below.
On the indoor side, a gypsum board with a thickness of 9.5 mm or more is stretched, or glass wool or rock wool with a thickness of 75 mm or more is filled and a plywood with a thickness of 4 mm or more is stretched.
The outdoor side falls under any of the following (i) to (iii).
(I) A steel mortar coating with a coating thickness of 1.5 cm or more.
(Ii) A mortar or plaster with a thickness of 1 cm or more on wood wool cement board or gypsum board.
(Iii) A mortar or plaster applied on a wood wool cement board and a metal board stretched on it.

  In addition, the seismic performance is as follows: “・ Wooden bearing wall and its magnification performance test and evaluation (Evaluation related to Article 46, Paragraph 4, Table 1 (8) of the Building Standards Law Enforcement Ordinance)” and “ Reinforcement method (issued by the Japan Building Disaster Prevention Association) was evaluated.

  The results are shown in Table 1.

  When Example 1 and Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were compared, Example 1 improved heat insulation performance and fire resistance performance compared to Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Moreover, compared with the comparative examples 1 and 2, the working time and construction labor of Examples 1 and 2 were reduced. Examples 1 and 2 have lower seismic performance because the number of fixtures 10 used is smaller than that of Comparative Example 1, but Examples 1 and 2 are comparative examples if the number of fixtures 10 used is increased. The seismic strength equal to or better than 1. However, there is no practical problem even with the seismic performance of Examples 1 and 2. The feature of the present invention is that the construction time and labor are less than conventional, the wall can be reformed while being in the building, and the fireproofing and heat insulation work is completed at the same time, but the earthquake resistance performance. Can be assured as equivalent to or better than other specifications. In addition, if the number of fixtures is increased, the seismic performance will be improved. However, in home renovation, structural materials such as pillars and foundations may have deteriorated, and if the wall strength magnification is too large, It may be undesirable because the burden is increased. Therefore, the wall strength magnification is not necessarily large, and about 3 to 4 may be preferable in terms of usability.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Existing wall 2 Existing wall base 3 Existing wall material 4 Reinforcement member 5 New wall material 10 Fixing tool 11 Fitting convex part 12 Fitting concave part

Claims (4)

A method of repairing a wall that covers the surface of an existing wall with a new wall,
Removing the upper and lower portions of the existing wall material over the entire length in the width direction of the existing wall to form an upper notch and a lower notch;
Attaching a reinforcing member to each of the upper notch and the lower notch;
Covering the surface of the existing wall material remaining between the upper notch and the lower notch, placing a new wall material, and fixing the new wall material to the reinforcing member;
Renovation method for walls including   2. The wall refurbishing method according to claim 1, wherein the new wall material is at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal sandwich panel, a structural plywood, a metal plate, and a siding material. The new wall material is a metal sandwich panel;
In the step of covering the surface of the existing wall material remaining between the upper notch portion and the lower notch portion and arranging the new wall material, and fixing the new wall material to the reinforcing member,
The wall refurbishing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fixing tool is driven into a corner of the metal sandwich panel to fix the new wall material to the reinforcing member. The new wall material is a metal sandwich panel;
In the step of covering the surface of the existing wall material remaining between the upper notch portion and the lower notch portion and arranging the new wall material, and fixing the new wall material to the reinforcing member,
A plurality of metal sandwich panels are juxtaposed to cover the surface of the existing wall material,
Connect adjacent metal sandwich panels by concave-convex fitting,
The wall refurbishing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the new wall member is fixed to the reinforcing member by inserting a fixture through the uneven fitting portion.

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