JP2015179590A - Luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a luminaire capable of returning light leakage efficiently.SOLUTION: A luminaire is configured by: a mirror device M1; and a surface light emitting unit U1 laminated on the mirror device M1. The mirror device M1 is configured by: transparent substrates 1, 2; transparent electrode layers 3, 4; a transparent seal part 5; and electrolyte 6. The surface light emitting unit U1 is configured by: transparent substrates 11, 12 which are parallel with each other; a knurl 13; and a red LED element 14 provided at a light incident end F1. When the mirror device M1 and the surface light emitting unit U1 come into an ON state, in the surface light emitting unit U1, light emitted when the LED element 14 is turned ON is reflected at the knurl 13 from the light incident end F1, travels in a light guide plate while changing a reflection angle, and emits from a light emission surface F2 as brake lamp light L1. At this time, the light goes toward an in-vehicle side from the transparent substrate 12 below as light L2 but is reflected by the mirror device M1 and returned to a rear window W1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device such as a see-through stop lamp.

  Recently, a see-through stop lamp (also called a high-mount stop lamp) provided in the rear window, which is a relatively high position at the rear of the vehicle, has been put into practical use as a stop lamp that informs subsequent vehicles that the vehicle brake has been activated. Yes. This see-through stop lamp improves the visibility from the following vehicle.

  The first conventional see-through stop lamp includes a light guide plate (light guide) in which two types of transparent bodies having different refractive indexes are alternately laminated, and totally reflects incident light from one end of the light guide plate on the front surface of the vehicle. While transmitting toward the other end, the light is reflected from each joint surface of the two types of transparent bodies so that light is emitted in a certain direction from the rear surface of the vehicle. Thereby, a driver | operator's back view can be ensured, without a light-guide plate becoming opaque (refer: patent document 1).

  The second conventional see-through stop lamp includes a light guide plate (light guide) having two prisms at the lower end incident portion. When the refractive index of the prism is made larger than the refractive index of the light guide plate, the width of the light beam is compressed when entering the light guide plate from the prism, and the light beam travels repeatedly through the light guide plate and is reflected by the hologram at the upper end of the light guide plate. The light is diffracted and emitted from the rear surface of the vehicle in a certain direction. Thereby, a driver | operator's back view can be ensured, without the light-guide plate becoming opaque again (refer: patent document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-8686 JP-A-6-275114

  However, in both the first and second conventional see-through stop lamps described above, when the see-through stop lamp is lit, there is a problem that light leaks into the vehicle and hinders driving of the driver. In addition, there is a problem that light leaks in a direction unnecessary as a display element without being limited to the use as a see-through stop lamp.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an illumination apparatus according to the present invention includes a mirror device including a first transparent substrate and a surface light-emitting unit including a second transparent substrate, and surface-emitting light on one surface of the mirror device. The unit is formed by laminating the surface opposite to the light exit surface of the unit.

  According to the present invention, the light leakage from the surface light emitting unit can be efficiently turned back by the mirror device, and does not hinder the driving of the driver.

It is sectional drawing which shows the mirror device which concerns on this invention. The characteristics of the mirror device of FIG. 1 are shown, (A) is a graph showing reflectance characteristics, and (B) is a graph showing transmittance characteristics. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the mirror device of FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing of 1st Embodiment of the illuminating device which concerns on this invention, and an OFF state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing of 1st Embodiment of the illuminating device which concerns on this invention, and an ON state. It is sectional drawing of the 2nd Embodiment of the illuminating device which concerns on this invention, and an OFF state. It is sectional drawing of 2nd Embodiment of the illuminating device which concerns on this invention, and an ON state. 6 and FIG. 7 show a first example of the second embodiment, where (A) -1 is a top view of the mirror device, and (A) -2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (A) -1. The figure, (B) -1 is a top view of a surface emitting unit (transparent light source), (B) -2 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of (B) -1, and (C) -1 is surface emitting on a mirror device. The top view of the illuminating device after bonding a unit (transparent light source), (C) -2 is CC sectional view taken on the line of (C) -1. 6 and 7 show a second example of the second embodiment, in which (A) -1 is a top view of the mirror device, and (A) -2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (A) -1. The figure, (B) -1 is a top view of a surface emitting unit (transparent light source), (B) -2 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of (B) -1, and (C) -1 is surface emitting on a mirror device. The top view of the illuminating device after bonding a unit (transparent light source), (C) -2 is CC sectional view taken on the line of (C) -1. 6 and 7 show a third example of the second embodiment, in which (A) -1 is a top view of the mirror device, and (A) -2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (A) -1. The figure, (B) -1 is a top view of a surface emitting unit (transparent light source), (B) -2 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of (B) -1, and (C) -1 is surface emitting on a mirror device. The top view of the illuminating device after bonding a unit (transparent light source), (C) -2 is CC sectional view taken on the line of (C) -1. It is an enlarged view of the concentric microlens of FIG. 10, (A) is a perspective sectional view, (B) is a bottom view. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the mirror state of the illuminating device of FIG.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a mirror device according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, the mirror device M is a cellized electrodeposition type device, and is composed of parallel transparent substrates 1 and 2 made of glass or polycarbonate, and ITO formed on the inner surfaces of the transparent substrates 1 and 2. The transparent electrode layers 3 and 4, the transparent seal portion 5, and the electrolytic solution 6 sealed between the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 and sealed by the transparent seal portion 5 are configured.

  In the mirror device M of FIG. 1, the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 are transparent when no voltage is applied. On the other hand, when a positive bias DC voltage of about 1.5 to 8 V is applied between the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4, an Ag film is formed on the surface by reduction on the negative potential side to be in a mirror state. That is, the mirror device M is a device that can be switched between a transparent state and a mirror state. In this case, the mirror state is generated when silver ions contained in the electrolytic solution 6 are converted into metallic silver and deposited (electrodeposition) in the vicinity of the transparent electrode layer on the negative potential side. In order to return to the transparent state, the voltage is not applied, but when a reverse bias DC voltage, for example, -1 V is applied, the transparent state is quickly returned.

  For example, FIG. 2A shows the result of measuring the reflected light with a spectroscope after the measurement light from the halogen light source is incident on the mirror device M in FIG. 1 from the transparent substrate opposite to the transparent electrode layer on which Ag is deposited. On the other hand, FIG. 2B shows the result of measuring the transmitted light with a spectroscope after the measurement light by the halogen light source is incident on the transparent device on the transparent electrode layer side where Ag is deposited on the mirror device of FIG. According to FIG. 2, when no voltage is applied, a transparent state with a low reflectance R and a high transmittance T is obtained. On the other hand, when a voltage of 2.5 V is applied, for example, a mirror state with a high reflectance R and a low transmittance T is obtained. Become.

  1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, in a transparent electrode layer forming step 301, transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 made of ITO are formed on the transparent substrates 1 and 2 by a magnetron sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, or a vapor deposition method. If necessary, the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 are patterned by an etching method using a SUS mask or a photolithography / etching method.

Next, in a gap control agent spraying step 302, 1 to 3 pieces / mm ² of a gap control agent of 20 μm to several 100 μm, for example, 100 μm, is sprayed on one transparent substrate. Instead of the gap control agent, a protrusion such as a rib may be used. Further, in the case of a small cell, a film-like spacer may be provided on a seal portion described later.

  Next, in a seal pattern forming step 303, a seal pattern is formed on one transparent substrate. The seal pattern is made of transparent and non-light-scattering ultraviolet and thermosetting resin, photocurable resin, or thermosetting resin. In this case, a resin that can withstand the electrolytic solution is preferable.

  Next, in an electrolytic droplet dropping step 304, an electrolytic solution is dropped on the transparent substrate on which the seal pattern is formed by a liquid crystal dropping (ODF) method. In addition, the dripping method can use various printing methods including a dispenser and an inkjet.

As an electrolytic solution, an electrochromic agent containing Ag such as 50 mM AgNO _{3 in} a solvent is added, a supporting electrolyte such as 250 mM LiBr is added, and a mediator such as 10 mM CuCl ₂ is added.

  In addition, a solvent will not be limited if it can hold | maintain an electrochromic agent etc. stably. For example, polar solvents such as water and propylene carbonate, non-polar organic solvents, ionic liquids, ionic conductive polymers, polymer electrolytes, and the like. Specifically, propylene carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, polyvinyl sulfate, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid and the like can be used.

The supporting electrolyte is not limited as long as it promotes the oxidation-reduction reaction of Ag electrochromic agents, for example, LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiBF 4, LiClO 4 lithium salt such as, KCl, KBr, KI And the like, and sodium salts such as NaCl, NaBr and NaI are preferred. The concentration of the supporting electrolyte is preferably 10 mM or more and 1 M or less, but is not limited thereto.

  Further, the mediator is a material that performs oxidation-reduction with energy lower than that of Ag, and the oxidant of the mediator assists the decoloring reaction due to oxidation by transferring electrons from Ag at any time. The material of the mediator is not limited as long as it exhibits such a function, but a copper (Cu) ion salt is preferable. The mediator concentration is preferably, for example, 5 mM or more and 20 mM or less, but is not limited thereto. The concentration ratio of Cu ions to Ag ions is preferably 0.1 to 0.3, but is not limited thereto.

  When gelling the electrolyte, a 10 wt% host polymer such as vinyl buoyral (PVB) is added.

  Next, in the substrate bonding step 305, the other transparent substrate is bonded to one transparent substrate to which the electrolytic solution has been dropped in a vacuum, in the air, or in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Finally, in the seal pattern curing step 306, for example, ultraviolet rays having an energy of 6 J / cm ² are irradiated to cure the seal pattern to form the transparent seal portion 5. In this case, a mask made of SUS or the like is used so that only the seal pattern is irradiated with ultraviolet rays.

  4 and 5 show a first embodiment of a lighting device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view in an off state, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view in an on state.

  4 and 5 is applied to a see-through stop lamp of a rear window W1 of a vehicle, and includes a mirror device M1 and a surface light emitting unit U1 stacked on the mirror device M1.

  The mirror device M1 has the same cell structure as the mirror device M of FIG. 1, that is, the transparent substrates 1 and 2, the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 patterned in a rectangular shape, the transparent seal portion 5, and the electrolyte 6 Consists of.

  The surface light emitting unit U1 is a light guide plate, for example, parallel transparent substrates 11 and 12 made of polycarbonate, projecting knurls 13 provided on the transparent substrate 12, and light incident ends F1 of the transparent substrates 11 and 12, respectively. The light source is provided, for example, a bullet-type red light emitting diode (LED) element 14. The density of the knurls 13 increases as the distance from the light incident end F1 increases. Accordingly, the light emitted from the light emitting surface F2 becomes uniform. At this time, by optimizing the knurling 13, all the light can be emitted from the light emitting surface F <b> 2 until the light from the LED element 14 reaches the end F <b> 3 of the light guide plate on the opposite side of the LED element 14. The surface light emitting unit U1 is configured by a light guide plate on which a knurl is formed, but may be another light guide plate in which light emitted from the emission surface F2 is uniform.

  The mirror device M1 and the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1 are controlled by the control circuit C1. The control circuit C1 is constituted by a microcomputer, for example. The control circuit C1 is disposed in the vehicle portion other than the rear window W1 together with the LED element 14 so as not to enter the driver's field of view.

  In FIG. 4, both the mirror device M1 and the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1 are turned off by the control circuit C1. In this case, the transparent substrates 1 and 2, the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4, the transparent seal portion 5, and the electrolytic solution 6 (slightly yellowish) of the mirror device M1 are transparent as a whole. On the other hand, in the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1, since the unevenness due to the knurling 13 is fine, the transparent substrates 11 and 12 are almost transparent, and the LED element 14 is below, above or next to the rear window W1. Since it is arrange | positioned in the place which is not transparent of a vehicle, the whole surface emitting unit (light-guide plate) U1 is transparent. Therefore, the mirror device M1 and the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1 are transparent and do not block the driver's view. As a result, the driver's rear view can be secured.

  On the other hand, in FIG. 5, when the driver steps on the brake, the control circuit C1 detects this and turns on the mirror device M1 and the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1. In this case, in the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1, the LED element 14 is turned on, and the light emitted from the LED element 14 reflects inside the light guide plate while reflecting the knurl 13 from the light incident end F1 and changing the reflection angle. Then, the light is emitted as the brake lamp light L1 from the light emitting surface F2. At this time, the light not reflected by the knurling 13 in the light guide plate travels from the lower transparent substrate 12 to the vehicle interior as the light L2. If the light L2 enters the vehicle as it is, it is dangerous for the driver to hinder driving. In FIG. 5, the light L2 is reflected by the mirror device M1 and returned to the rear window W1. That is, in the mirror device M1, a positive bias DC voltage is applied between the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4. For example, a ground voltage is applied to the transparent electrode layer 3 and a positive voltage is applied to the transparent electrode layer 4. As a result, an Ag film is formed on the transparent electrode layer 3 to be in a mirror state. Accordingly, the light L2 is reflected by the Ag film on the transparent electrode layer 3 of the mirror device M1, is returned to the rear window W1, and is emitted from the light exit surface F2 of the light guide plate. As a result, the light L2 does not block the driver's view. At the same time, the brightness of the brake lamp can be increased by the amount of the light L2.

  When the driver steps on the brake, the control circuit C1 simultaneously turns on the mirror device M1 and the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1, but generally the response speed of the mirror device M1 is the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate). Since the response speed of U1 is about 0.1 to 0.5 seconds slower, the light L2 enters the vehicle for a moment. In order to prevent this, the lighting time of the surface light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1 can be delayed for a moment.

  When the driver returns the brake, the control circuit C1 sets the voltage between the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 of the mirror device M1 to 0 V. However, as described above, the response speed of the mirror device M1 is generally slow. In order to quickly turn off the mirror device M1, the control circuit C1 can instantaneously apply a negative bias DC voltage between the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4. For example, a ground voltage is applied to the transparent electrode layer 3 and −1 V is applied to the transparent electrode layer 4.

  4 and 5, the transparent substrate 1 of the mirror device M1 and the transparent substrate 12 of the planar light emitting unit (light guide plate) U1 can be shared, that is, a single transparent substrate.

  6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the lighting device according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view in an off state, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view in an on state.

  6 and 7 is applied to a see-through stop lamp of a rear window W2 of a vehicle, and includes a mirror device M2 and a surface light emitting unit L2 stacked on the mirror device M2.

  The mirror device M2 has the same cell structure as that of the mirror device M in FIG. However, although the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 are patterned in a rectangular shape, it can be formed into a desired shape such as a character or a figure, and, as will be described later, 4 is patterned into intersecting stripes.

  The surface light emitting unit U2 includes two transparent substrates 21 and 22 made of glass or polycarbonate, two transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 made of ITO formed inside the transparent substrates 21 and 22, and a transparent electrode layer 23, A plurality of light sources that are electrically connected to each other and arranged in a matrix, for example, a bare type red LED element 25 having a p-side electrode on the lower side and an n-side electrode on the upper side. In this case, other than the LED element 25 is transparent, and the LED element 25 is so small that it cannot be visually recognized unless observed nearby. Accordingly, the surface light emitting unit U2 can be referred to as a transparent light source. However, although the transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 are patterned in a rectangular shape, it can be formed into a desired shape such as a character or a figure. Further, as described later, the transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 are formed as necessary. 24 is patterned into intersecting stripes. Moreover, since the LED element 25 exists in the surface emitting unit (transparent light source) U2, the light incident surface F1 of FIGS. 4 and 5 does not exist.

  The mirror device M2 and the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 are controlled by the control circuit C2. The control circuit C2 is constituted by a microcomputer, for example. In addition, since the control circuit C2 is disposed in a vehicle portion other than the rear window W2, it does not enter the driver's field of view.

  In FIG. 6, both the mirror device M2 and the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 are turned off by the control circuit C2. In this case, the mirror device M2 is transparent as a whole. On the other hand, the entire surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 is also transparent. Therefore, the mirror device M2 and the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 are transparent and do not block the driver's view. As a result, the driver's rear view can be secured.

  On the other hand, in FIG. 7, when the driver steps on the brake, the control circuit C2 detects this and turns on the mirror device M2 and the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2. In this case, in the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2, the LED element 25 is turned on and the light emitted from the LED element 25 in all directions is emitted as the brake lamp light L1 from the light emitting surface F2. At this time, part of the light from the LED element 25 travels toward the vehicle interior as light L2. If the light L2 enters the vehicle as it is, it is dangerous for the driver to hinder driving. In FIG. 7, the light L2 is reflected by the mirror device M2 and returned to the rear window W2. That is, a positive bias DC voltage is applied between the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 in the mirror device M2. Accordingly, the light L2 is reflected by the Ag film of the mirror device M2, returned to the rear window W2, and emitted from the light emission surface F2 of the transparent light source. As a result, the light L2 does not block the driver's view. At the same time, the brightness of the brake lamp can be increased by the amount of stray light.

  When the driver steps on the brake, the control circuit C2 turns on the mirror device M2 and the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 at the same time. Generally, the response speed of the mirror device M2 is the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source). Since it is slower than the response speed of U2 by about 0.1 to 0.5 seconds, the light L2 enters the vehicle for a moment. In order to prevent this, the lighting time of the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 can be delayed for a moment.

  Also in this case, when the driver returns the brake, the control circuit C2 sets the voltage between the transparent electrode layers of the mirror device M2 to 0, but generally the response speed of the mirror device M2 is slow as described above. In order to quickly turn off the mirror device M2, the control circuit C2 can instantaneously apply a negative bias voltage between the transparent electrode layers of the mirror device M2.

  Further, in FIGS. 6 and 7, the transparent substrate 1 of the mirror device M2 and the transparent substrate 24 of the planar light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 can be shared, that is, a single transparent substrate. Further, the transparent substrate of the mirror device M2 and the surface light emitting unit U2 may be a film substrate as well as a flat substrate. In particular, a flexible device can be obtained by forming all the transparent substrates into a film shape.

  Next, examples of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described.

  FIG. 8 shows the first embodiment, where (A) -1 is a top view of the mirror device M2, (A) -2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of (A) -1, and (B) -1 is a surface. A top view of the light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2, (B) -2 is a sectional view taken along line BB of (B) -1, and (C) -1 is a surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 on the mirror device M2. The top view of the illuminating device after bonding, (C) -2 is the CC sectional view taken on the line C-1.

  In the mirror device M2 of (A) -1 and (A) -2 in FIG. 8, the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 are patterned on the transparent substrates 1 and 2 in a rectangular shape extending over the entire display surface. The mirrorable region R is a wide region where the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 overlap.

  On the other hand, in the surface emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 of (B) -1 and (B) -2 in FIG. 8, the transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 are patterned in stripes in different directions, for example, orthogonal directions. Twelve (= 4 × 3) LED elements 25 are inserted in the overlapping portions of the transparent electrode layers 23 and 24.

  As shown in (C) -1 and (C) -2 in FIG. 8, (B) -1 and (B) in FIG. 8 on the mirror device M2 in (A) -1 and (A) -2 in FIG. ) -2, when the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 is bonded, the LED element 25 completely enters the mirrorable region R. Therefore, in the mirror state in which the mirror device M2 is turned on, the light traveling toward the vehicle interior from the LED element 25 of the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 is completely dependent on the mirror state of the mirrorable region R of the mirror device M2. The light is reflected and emitted from the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2.

  In FIG. 8, for the convenience of manufacturing, the transparent substrates 1 and 2 of the mirror device M2 and the transparent substrates 21 and 22 of the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 have the same size.

  In the first embodiment of FIG. 8, the predetermined transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 can be selected to cause the LED element 25 to partially emit light.

  FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment, where (A) -1 is a top view of the mirror device M2 ′, (A) -2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (A) -1, and (B) -1 is A top view of the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2, (B) -2 is a sectional view taken along line BB of (B) -1, and (C) -1 is a surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) on the mirror device M2 ′. The top view of the illuminating device after bonding U2, (C) -2 is the CC sectional view taken on the line C-1.

  The surface emitting units U2 shown in FIGS. 9B-1 and 2B-2 are the same as the surface emitting units U2 shown in FIGS. 8B-1 and 2B-2.

  In the mirror device M2 ′ of FIGS. 9A-1 and (A) -2, the transparent electrode layers 3 ′, 4 ′ are patterned in stripes in different directions, for example, orthogonal directions, and thus the mirror The possible region R ′ is a narrow region where the transparent electrode layers 3 ′ and 4 ′ overlap. In this case, the stripe shape of the transparent electrode layers 3 ′ and 4 ′ is the same as the stripe shape of the transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 of the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U <b> 2. Accordingly, there are 12 (= 4 × 3) overlapping portions of the transparent electrode layers 3 ′ and 4 ′, that is, mirrorable regions R ′.

  As shown in (C) -1 and (C) -2 of FIG. 9, (B) -1 and (B) of FIG. 9 are placed on the mirror device M2 ′ of (A) -1 and (A) -2 of FIG. B) -2, when the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 is bonded, the overlapping portion of the transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 in the center of the LED element 25 coincides with the mirrorable region R ′, and the LED element By making the size of 25 sufficiently smaller than the width of the transparent electrode layers 3 ′, 4 ′, 23, 24, the LED element 25 completely enters the mirrorable region R ′. Therefore, in the mirror state in which the mirror device M2 ′ is turned on, the light leaking from the LED element 25 of the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 to the vehicle interior is in the mirror state of the mirrorable region R ′ of the mirror device M2 ′. Are completely reflected and emitted from the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 9, as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the predetermined transparent electrode layers 23 and 24 can be selected to cause the LED element 25 to emit light partially. At the same time, by selecting the transparent electrode layers 3 ′ and 4 ′ by selection similar to the transparent electrode layers 23 and 24, only the mirrorable region R ′ corresponding to the LED element 25 that emits light can be made into a mirror state. Thereby, it is possible to minimize the deterioration of the visibility behind the driver due to the minimum necessary mirror state. Furthermore, since the area of the transparent electrode layers 3 ′ and 4 ′ in the mirror state is reduced, the response speed of the mirror device M <b> 2 ′ can be increased to about 0.1 sec, for example. In addition, the area that is not in the mirror state can remain transparent.

  FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment, where (A) -1 is a top view of the mirror device M2 ″, (A) -2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of (A) -1, and (B) -1 is A top view of the surface emitting unit (transparent light source) U2, (B) -2 is a sectional view taken along line BB of (B) -1, and (C) -1 is a surface emitting unit (transparent light source) on the mirror device M2 ″. The top view of the illuminating device after bonding U2, (C) -2 is the CC sectional view taken on the line C-1.

  The surface emitting units U2 shown in FIGS. 10B-1 and 2B-2 are the same as the surface emitting units U2 shown in FIGS. 8B-1 and 2B-2.

  In the mirror device M2 ″ of (A) -1 and (A) -2 in FIG. 10, the transparent substrate 1 and the transparent device 1 are transparent with respect to the mirror device M2 ′ of (A) -1 and (A) -2 in FIG. A concentric microlens 7 was added to the mirrorable region R ′ between the electrode layer 3 ′.

  As shown in (C) -1 and (C) -2 of FIG. 10, (B) -1 and (B) of FIG. 10 are placed on the mirror device M2 ″ of (A) -1 and (A) -2 of FIG. B) -2, when the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 is bonded, the LED element 25 faces the concentric microlens 7 in the mirrorable region R ′. Therefore, the mirror device M2 ″ is turned on. In this case, the light leaking from the LED element 25 of the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 to the inside of the vehicle is more completely reflected by the mirror state of the concentric microlenses 7 in the mirrorable region R ′ of the mirror device M2 ″ and is surface emitting. The light is emitted from a unit (transparent light source) U2.

  11 is an enlarged view of the concentric microlens 7 of FIG. 10, in which (A) is a perspective sectional view and (B) is a bottom view. As shown in FIG. 11A, the cross-sectional shape has a single sawtooth shape toward the center, and as shown in FIG. 11B, it has a concentric shape in plan view. The height of the triangular prism-shaped cross section of the concentric microlens 7 is several tens of μm. That is, as shown in FIG. 12, even if the light leakage L2 is emitted obliquely from the LED element 25, it is effectively applied to the mirror device M2 ″ by the mirror state of the transparent electrode layer 3 ′ on the concentric microlens 7. Therefore, the light propagation distance in the mirror device M2 ″ can be effectively suppressed as compared with the second embodiment, and as a result, the area of the mirrorable region R ′ can be reduced.

  When the light leaked from the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U2 to the inside of the vehicle is larger than the critical angle, it can be reflected outside the mirrorable region R ′ of the mirror device M2 ″. Therefore, the size of the mirrorable region R ′ is Depending on the thickness of the transparent substrates 1 and 22, it may be about several times as large as the LED element 25, and the light emitted from the surface light emitting unit (transparent light source) U <b> 2 toward the vehicle interior is surely emitted to the rear window W <b> 2 side. In this case, in order to reduce the mirrorable region R ′, the thickness of the transparent substrates 1 and 22 should be made as thin as possible, for example, if the transparent substrates 1 and 22 are about 0.2 mm. The size of R ′ may be about +0.2 mm of the LED element 25. Thus, by reducing the area of the mirrorable region R ′, the response speed can be increased, and visibility and power consumption can be increased. But it is advantageous.

  The visible light source manufacturing method of FIG. 10 is almost the same as the manufacturing method shown in FIG. 3, but a concentric microlens forming step is added before the transparent electrode layer forming step 301. In this concentric microlens formation step, concentric microlenses 7 are formed on the transparent substrate 1. This will be described in detail below.

First, an ultraviolet curable resin is dropped on the transparent substrate 1. Subsequently, the back side of the transparent substrate 1 is reinforced with a thick quartz glass plate, pressed using a mold having a reversal pattern of the concentric microlenses 7, and left for 1 minute. Next, the ultraviolet curable resin is cured by irradiating the quartz glass plate with ultraviolet rays at 5 J / cm ² . Next, the mold and the quartz glass plate are removed, and the transparent substrate 1 on which the concentric microlenses 7 are formed is washed with a washing machine. The cleaning method is performed in the order of brush cleaning using an alkaline detergent, pure cleaning, air blow, UV irradiation, and IR drying. However, the cleaning method is not limited to this. High pressure spray cleaning or plasma cleaning may be performed.

  In the above-described second embodiment, one LED element 25 is provided in a region where the transparent electrode layers 3 and 4 intersect, but two or more LED elements 25 may be provided.

  In the above-described embodiment, the light source of the surface emitting unit is a red LED element, but it may be an LED element of another color or a laser diode (LD) element.

  The present invention can be applied to any modification of the obvious range of the above-described embodiment.

  The lighting device according to the present invention can also be used for windows of buildings and the like. In this case, the color of the light source may be neutral white, a light bulb color, or the like.

1, 2 ... Transparent substrate 3, 4 ... Transparent electrode layer 5 ... Transparent seal 6 ... Electrolyte 7 ... Concentric microlenses
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 12 ... Transparent substrate 13 ... Knurl 14 ... LED element 21, 22 ... Transparent substrate 23, 24 ... Transparent electrode layer 25 ... LED element W1, W2 ... Rear window M, M1, M2, M2 ', M2 ", ... Mirror device U1 ... Surface emitting device (light guide plate)
U2 ... Surface emitting unit (transparent light source)
C1, C2 ... Control circuit F1 ... Light incident end F2 ... Light exit end F3 ... Termination L1 ... Brake lamp light L2 ... Light leakage

Claims (9)

A mirror device comprising a first transparent substrate;
A surface emitting unit including a second transparent substrate,
An illumination device in which a surface opposite to the light emitting surface of the surface light emitting unit is laminated on one surface of the mirror device. The surface emitting unit is
A light guide plate constituted by the second transparent substrate;
The lighting device according to claim 1, further comprising: a light source provided at a light incident end of the light guide plate. There are two sheets of the second transparent substrate,
The surface emitting unit is
One transparent electrode layer provided on one inner side of the second transparent substrate;
The other transparent electrode layer provided inside the other of the second transparent substrate;
The lighting device according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of light sources electrically connected between the one transparent electrode layer and the other transparent electrode layer. There are two sheets of the second transparent substrate,
The surface emitting unit is
One striped transparent electrode layer provided on one inner side of the second transparent substrate;
The other stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer provided on the other inner side of the second transparent substrate and different from the stripe-shaped direction of the one stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer;
The lighting device according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of light sources electrically connected in a region where the one stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer and the other stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer intersect. There are two first transparent substrates,
The mirror device is
One transparent electrode layer provided on one inner side of the first transparent substrate;
The other transparent electrode layer provided on the other inner side of the first transparent substrate;
The illuminating device according to claim 1, further comprising: an electrolytic solution containing an electrochromic agent sealed between the one transparent electrode layer and the other transparent electrode layer. There are two first transparent substrates,
The mirror device is
One striped transparent electrode layer provided on one inner side of the first transparent substrate;
The other stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer provided on the other inner side of the first transparent substrate and different from the stripe-shaped direction of the one stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer;
An electrolyte solution containing an electrochromic agent sealed between the one stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer and the other stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer;
A region where one stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer and the other stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer of the mirror device intersect is a region where one stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer and the other stripe-shaped transparent electrode layer of the surface light emitting unit intersect. The illuminating device of Claim 4 which is facing. Furthermore, the mirror device is
A plurality of concentricity provided between the one transparent substrate and the one striped transparent electrode layer in a region where the one striped transparent electrode layer and the other striped transparent electrode layer of the mirror device intersect. The illumination device according to claim 6, comprising a microlens. There are two first transparent substrates,
There are two sheets of the second transparent substrate,
The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein one of the first transparent substrates and one of the second transparent substrates are shared by the same transparent substrate. The vehicle which has a rear window provided with the illuminating device in any one of Claims 1-8.

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