JP2015174284A - Production method and production device of solid molded article - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method and production device of a solid molded article capable of increasing a droplet diameter of a resin to be discharged, reducing molding time, and making a surface of the accumulated resin which is accumulated on a stage smooth.SOLUTION: An inkjet head of a production device discharges a droplet 81 of an ultraviolet curable resin on a molding plate P which is held by a plate holding part. A laser irradiation device 53 irradiates an upper end part of the droplet 81 discharged on the molding plate P with a laser beam and heats the upper end part. The droplet 81 is configured so that irregularities on the surface of the accumulated resin are made smooth by the increase of fluidity of the upper end part.

Description

  The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model by curing discharged resin, and a manufacturing apparatus using the manufacturing method.

  As a manufacturing method of a three-dimensional model, there is an additive manufacturing method in which a three-dimensional model is manufactured by sequentially stacking layered materials formed by dividing a three-dimensional model into a plurality of layers. As one of the additive manufacturing methods, for example, a method of depositing a molten resin is known. In the manufacturing apparatus of the three-dimensional structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, one layer of the curable resin of the three-dimensional structure formed in a plurality of layers is discharged from the inkjet head onto the modeling plate. The discharged curable resin is cured by being irradiated with ultraviolet rays. This manufacturing apparatus further discharges a curable resin onto a cured resin while relatively moving an inkjet head and a stage that supports a modeling plate, and cures the resin by irradiating ultraviolet rays. In this manner, the manufacturing apparatus repeatedly performs the two processes of the curable resin discharge process and the ultraviolet curing process, thereby stacking the cured resin layers to form a three-dimensional structure.

Japanese Patent No. 4420585

  By the way, in the manufacturing apparatus described above, as the outer diameter of the curable resin droplets discharged from the nozzles of the inkjet head onto the modeling plate is increased, the layered deposited resin formed by one scan of the discharge process Can be formed thick. For this reason, the modeling time required to form the three-dimensional modeled object is shortened by increasing the diameter of the droplet discharged from the inkjet head. On the other hand, as the deposited resin discharged onto the modeling plate has a larger droplet diameter, the unevenness formed on the surface of the resin after curing becomes larger. Therefore, there is a trade-off between increasing the droplet diameter and shortening the modeling time, and reducing the unevenness formed on the resin surface after curing to achieve smoothness. Means are desired.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and it is possible to increase the droplet diameter of the resin to be discharged, shorten the modeling time, and smooth the surface of the deposited resin deposited on the stage. An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for a three-dimensional model.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a manufacturing method for a three-dimensional object according to claim 1 of the present application is a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object by an additive manufacturing method, and discharges droplets of resin from a nozzle onto a stage. A step of heating the upper end of the deposited resin in which droplets are deposited in layers on the stage to increase the fluidity; and at least one of the three-dimensional structure formed by curing the deposited resin and dividing it into a plurality of layers Forming a step.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item according to claim 2 is the method of manufacturing the three-dimensional molded item according to claim 1, wherein the step of increasing the fluidity is performed by cooling the stage, thereby lowering the lower part of the deposited resin. The upper end is heated while cooling.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 3 WHEREIN: In the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 1 or Claim 2, the step to discharge and the step to increase fluidity | liquidity are carried out in parallel. It is characterized by processing.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 4 is a manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3. The step which increases fluidity | liquidity is a stage in deposition resin. A central portion excluding an end portion in an arbitrary direction along the plane is heated.

  The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5 is a manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional modeled object by a layered modeling method, and includes a discharge unit that discharges resin droplets from a nozzle onto a stage, and droplets on the stage. A heating unit that heats the upper end of the deposited resin deposited in layers to increase fluidity, and cures the deposited resin to form at least one layer of a three-dimensional structure formed in a plurality of layers. Features.

  In the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item according to claim 1, resin droplets are discharged from the nozzle onto the stage. In the deposited resin in which the discharged resin droplets are deposited in layers, the fluidity of the heated upper end is increased. As a result, even if the nozzle diameter is increased and the droplet diameter of the resin discharged from the nozzle is increased, the surface unevenness of the deposited resin on the stage is smoothed by increasing the fluidity in the subsequent heat treatment. The Further, since the upper end portion of the deposited resin is partially heated, the heated upper end portion is more likely to flow such that the fluidity is increased and surface irregularities are reduced as compared with other portions. For this reason, compared with the case where the whole deposition resin is heated and the whole fluidity | liquidity increases, the smoothness of the surface of deposition resin improves. And a three-dimensional molded item is manufactured by laminating a cured cured resin whose surface is smoothed. Therefore, according to the manufacturing method, it is possible to shorten the modeling time by increasing the droplet diameter, and it is possible to manufacture a three-dimensional modeled object having a desired surface shape by laminating the deposited resin whose surface is smoothed.

  In the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 2, the fluidity of the deposited resin is increased by heating the upper end portion while cooling the lower portion of the deposited resin by cooling the stage. According to the manufacturing method, in the operation of heating the deposited resin, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the temperature of other portions except the upper end portion from rising, and only the upper end portion is appropriately heated to further improve the surface smoothness. It becomes possible to improve. In addition, in the process of heating the deposited resin, the set conditions can be changed in accordance with the conditions of the process of cooling.

  In the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional structure according to claim 3, it is possible to further shorten the modeling time by processing the discharging step and the step of increasing the fluidity in parallel.

  In the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item of Claim 4, the part of the center side except the edge part in the arbitrary directions along the plane of the stage in deposition resin is heated, and fluidity | liquidity is increased. Here, when the fluidity of the deposited resin on the stage is increased over the entire area, the resin corresponding to the end portion of the deposited resin may flow down so as to spread outward, and the shape of the end portion may collapse. is there. On the other hand, according to the manufacturing method, since the central portion excluding the end portion in the deposited resin is heated, the surface can be smoothed while preventing the end portion from being deformed.

  In the manufacturing apparatus according to the fifth aspect, droplets of the resin are discharged from the nozzle of the discharge unit onto the stage. The heating unit heats the upper end portion of the deposited resin in which resin droplets are deposited in layers to increase fluidity, thereby smoothing the unevenness of the surface. Therefore, according to the manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to shorten the modeling time by increasing the droplet diameter, and it is possible to manufacture a three-dimensional modeled object having a desired surface shape by laminating the deposited resin whose surface is smoothed.

It is a top view which shows the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus which forms the three-dimensional molded item which is the Example of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the discharge operation | movement of the ultraviolet curable resin in modeling processing, and laser irradiation. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the structure of a laser irradiation apparatus. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the operation | movement which irradiates the ultraviolet-ray in modeling processing. In order to explain the position where the laser beam is irradiated, as a comparative example, it is a schematic diagram showing a deposited resin in a state where the end portion is broken.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration of 3D object manufacturing device>
FIG. 1: has shown the top view of the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 of the Example of this invention. The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 is an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure using an ultraviolet curable resin. The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a transport device 21, a head unit 23, and an ultraviolet irradiation device 25. In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10, these various apparatuses are provided on the upper portion of the base 11. The base 11 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and has a frame portion 13 that surrounds the transport device 21. In the following description, as shown in FIG. 1, the longitudinal direction of the base 11 (vertical direction in FIG. 1) is the X-axis direction, the short direction of the base 11 (horizontal direction in FIG. 1) is the Y-axis direction, X A direction orthogonal to both the axial direction and the Y-axis direction will be described as the Z-axis direction (see FIG. 3). Moreover, FIG. 1 has shown the state which removed the upper cover 14 (refer FIG. 3) of the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10. FIG.

  The transport device 21 has a pair of X-axis slide mechanisms 31 extending in the X-axis direction and a Y-axis slide mechanism 33 extending in the Y-axis direction. Each of the X-axis slide mechanisms 31 is held by the base 11 and the frame portion 13 and has an X-axis slider 35 provided to be movable in the X-axis direction. Each of the X-axis slide mechanisms 31 is driven by an electromagnetic motor 61 (see FIG. 2), and the pair of X-axis sliders 35 are moved to arbitrary positions in the X-axis direction while maintaining positions facing each other in the Y-axis direction. To do. The Y-axis slide mechanism 33 has a Y-axis direction end portion held by an X-axis slider 35 and a plate holding portion 37 that can move in the Y-axis direction. In the Y-axis slide mechanism 33, the plate holding portion 37 moves to an arbitrary position in the Y-axis direction by driving an electromagnetic motor 63 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, the plate holding part 37 can be moved to any position on the base 11 by driving the X-axis slide mechanism 31 and the Y-axis slide mechanism 33.

  The plate holding part 37 has a base 38 and a holding device 39. The base 38 is formed in a flat plate shape, and a modeling plate P (see FIG. 3) is placed on the upper surface. The holding device 39 is provided on both sides of the base 38 in the Y-axis direction. The plate holding unit 37 clamps the end of the modeling plate P placed on the base 38 in the Y-axis direction between the base 38 and the holding device 39 and clamps the modeling plate P at a predetermined position. Hold it in place.

  The base 38 has a built-in cooling pipe 41 for cooling the modeling plate P. The cooling pipe 41 extends along the Y-axis direction, is formed toward the X-axis direction while being folded back at the end of the base 38 in the Y-axis direction, and is formed over the entire base 38 in plan view. . The cooling device 43 (see FIG. 2) supplies a cooling medium into the cooling pipe 41 to cool the base 38 and the modeling plate P.

  Moreover, the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 includes an elevating device 45 for elevating and lowering the plate holding unit 37 and the modeling plate P in the Z-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the lifting device 45 supports a base 38 provided on the upper portion of the drive unit 47 by a plurality of support shafts 49 connected to the drive unit 47. The drive unit 47 is, for example, an air cylinder. The elevating device 45 drives the drive unit 47 to raise or lower the base 38 supported by the support shaft 49 to change the position of the modeling plate P in the Z-axis direction. The elevating device 45 is moved together with the plate holding portion 37 to an arbitrary position on the base 11.

  Moreover, the head part 23 shown in FIG. 1 is attached to the upper cover 14 (refer FIG. 3) of the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 so as to oppose the plate holding part 37 and the modeling plate P in the Z-axis direction. The head unit 23 includes an inkjet head 51 and a laser irradiation device 53. The inkjet head 51 discharges an ultraviolet curable resin onto the modeling plate P. The inkjet head 51 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 55 arranged along the Y-axis direction. The inkjet head 51 ejects ultraviolet curable resin from the nozzle ports of the plurality of nozzles 55 by, for example, a piezo method using a piezoelectric element 65 (see FIG. 2). The configuration in which the inkjet head 51 discharges the ultraviolet curable resin is not limited to the piezo method, and other configurations, for example, the ultraviolet curable resin in the nozzle 55 is heated to generate bubbles, and the ultraviolet curable resin is discharged from the nozzle opening. A configuration using a thermal system for discharging may also be used.

  The laser irradiation device 53 is held by the head unit 23 via the moving device 57. The laser irradiation device 53 moves up and down in the Z-axis direction when the moving device 57 is driven. The laser irradiation device 53 irradiates the ultraviolet curable resin discharged on the modeling plate P with laser light and heats the upper end portion. When the modeling plate P moves to a position below the head unit 23 with the movement of the plate holding unit 37, the head unit 23 discharges the ultraviolet curable resin onto the modeling plate P by the inkjet head 51. The discharged ultraviolet curable resin is heated by the laser irradiation device 53.

  Moreover, the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 is attached to the upper cover 14 (see FIG. 3) of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 so as to face the plate holding portion 37 and the modeling plate P in the Z-axis direction. The ultraviolet irradiation device 25 has an LED 67 for irradiating ultraviolet rays, and is fixed to the upper cover 14 so that the irradiation direction of the LED 67 is downward. When the modeling plate P moves to a position below the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 in accordance with the movement of the plate holding portion 37, the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 drives the LED 67 to apply the ultraviolet curing resin on the modeling plate P. Irradiate ultraviolet rays.

  As illustrated in FIG. 2, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing device 10 includes a control device 71. The control device 71 includes a controller 73, a plurality of drive circuits 75, and a control circuit 77. The controller 73 includes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, is mainly a computer, and is connected to a plurality of drive circuits 75 and a control circuit 77. Each of the plurality of drive circuits 75 is connected to the holding device 39, the electromagnetic motors 61 and 63, the piezoelectric element 65, and the drive unit 47 described above. Each of the plurality of control circuits 77 is connected to the LED 67, the cooling device 43, and the laser irradiation device 53. The controller 73 controls the operation of the holding device 39 and the head unit 23 through the drive circuit 75 and the control circuit 77.

<Formation of 3D objects>
Next, an operation for forming a three-dimensional model will be described.
The three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 10 divides the three-dimensional object into a plurality of layers with the above-described configuration, forms one or a plurality of layers with an ultraviolet curable resin, and sequentially stacks the formed layers to manufacture a three-dimensional object. More specifically, first, the control device 71 controls the X-axis slide mechanism 31 and the Y-axis slide mechanism 33 to move the plate holding part 37 on which the modeling plate P is set to the lower part of the head part 23 that is the working position. Let

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the control device 71 controls the head unit 23 to discharge the ultraviolet curable resin from the nozzle 55 of the inkjet head 51 onto the modeling plate P held by the plate holding unit 37. The plate holding unit 37 is conveyed by the control device 71 toward one side in the X-axis direction (leftward in FIG. 3). In this case, the laser irradiation device 53 is ahead of the position of the inkjet head 51 in the transport direction of the plate holding unit 37 (left side in FIG. 3).

  The ink jet head 51 discharges the droplets 81 of the ultraviolet curable resin toward the modeling plate P in synchronization with the operation in which the plate holding unit 37 and the modeling plate P are conveyed in the X-axis direction. On the modeling plate P, a resin film (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “deposition resin”) formed of a plurality of droplets 81 is formed. In this way, the control device 71 adjusts the position of the plate holding unit 37 and the discharge timing of the nozzle 55 based on the design data of the three-dimensional modeled object, and deposits resin with a predetermined pattern on the modeling plate P. Form.

  In addition, the control device 71 performs the heat treatment of the deposited resin by the laser irradiation device 53 in parallel with the discharge of the droplet 81 by the inkjet head 51. The laser irradiation device 53 irradiates the upper end portion of the deposited resin with the laser beam focused. FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the laser irradiation device 53. The laser irradiation device 53 has a laser light source 83, a first reflecting mirror 85, and a second reflecting mirror 87 in a housing 89. In the laser irradiation device 53, the laser light emitted from the laser light source 83 is reflected by the first reflecting mirror 85, further reflected by the second reflecting mirror 87, and then irradiated toward the deposited resin. The first reflecting mirror 85 changes the irradiation direction with respect to the X-axis direction of the laser light by changing the direction of the mirror surface based on the control of the control device 71. Further, the second reflecting mirror 87 changes the irradiation direction with respect to the Y-axis direction of the laser light by changing the direction of the mirror surface based on the control of the control device 71. For example, the control device 71 changes the direction of the mirror surface of the first reflecting mirror 85 and adjusts the position of the laser light droplet 81 in the X-axis direction. And the control apparatus 71 changes the direction of the mirror surface of the 2nd reflective mirror 87, and scans a laser beam to the Y-axis direction with respect to the droplet 81 on the modeling plate P conveyed in an X-axis direction.

  Further, the housing 89 is provided with a condensing lens 91 at an opening through which laser light is irradiated to the outside. The laser light emitted from the laser light source 83 is condensed by the condenser lens 91 and is efficiently applied to the droplet 81. Further, the position of the laser irradiation device 53 in the Z-axis direction is adjusted when the control device 71 drives the moving device 57 (see FIG. 3). The control device 71 changes the position of the laser irradiation device 53 in the Z-axis direction so that the upper end portion of the droplet 81 is focused on the laser beam. The laser light source 83 is, for example, a semiconductor laser, a carbon dioxide laser, a YAG laser, or the like.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the droplet 81 ejected on the modeling plate P depends on the droplet diameter of the droplet 81, that is, the size of the nozzle opening of the nozzle 55 of the inkjet head 51. Unevenness is formed. When the process of discharging the droplet 81 of the next layer is repeated on the deposited resin cured in such a state, the surface of the manufactured three-dimensional structure has irregularities exceeding the allowable range. It is formed. On the other hand, when the nozzle opening of the nozzle 55 is enlarged and the droplet diameter of the droplet 81 is increased, the deposited resin formed by one discharge becomes thick. That is, as the droplet diameter of the droplet 81 is increased, the number of layers to be stacked can be reduced, and the modeling time of the three-dimensional modeled object can be shortened.

  On the other hand, in the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the laser beam is focused on the upper end portion of the discharged droplet 81 (deposition resin) and heated. Thereby, only the surface portion of the deposited resin is overheated and the fluidity is increased. The deposited resin is smoothed by flowing so that the heated surface portion has higher fluidity than other portions and the surface irregularities are reduced. As an example, the viscosity of the droplet 81 is 10 mPa · s (millipascal second) immediately after discharge, and then cooled by the outside air and the base material to increase the viscosity to 1 Pa · s (pascal second). Is 10 mPa · s (millipascal second).

  Further, the control device 71 cools the lower portion of the droplet 81 while irradiating the laser beam from the laser irradiation device 53 to heat the upper end portion of the droplet 81. The control device 71 drives the cooling device 43 (see FIG. 2) and supplies a cooling medium into the cooling pipe 41 built in the base 38 to cool the base 38. Thereby, the droplet 81 on the modeling plate P is heated at the upper end portion and cooled at the lower portion.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the control device 71 drives the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 to irradiate the deposited resin discharged on the modeling plate P with ultraviolet rays and cure it. Specifically, when the controller 71 ejects the droplet 81 on the modeling plate P to form the deposited resin, the controller 71 moves the plate holding portion 37 toward the position below the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 in the X-axis direction (rightward in FIG. 5). ). The ultraviolet irradiation device 25 drives the LED 67 based on the control of the control device 71 to irradiate the deposited resin with ultraviolet rays. Thereby, on the modeling plate P, one layer of resin 93 in which the deposited resin is cured is formed.

  Further, the control device 71 controls the inkjet head 51 to further discharge droplets 81 on the cured resin 93 to deposit the deposited resin. Further, the laser irradiation device 53 heats the upper end portion of the ejected droplet 81 in parallel with the ejection operation of the inkjet head 51. Then, the ultraviolet irradiation device 25 irradiates the discharged and heated second layer deposited resin with ultraviolet rays. The three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 10 manufactures a three-dimensional object with a plurality of resin 93 layers by repeatedly performing the discharge and heating processes and the ultraviolet irradiation process.

<Irradiation range of laser light>
Next, the range in which the laser irradiation device 53 irradiates the deposited resin on the modeling plate P with laser light will be described with reference to FIG. As described above, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 irradiates and heats the deposited resin with laser light. However, when the fluidity is increased over the entire area of the deposited resin, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 applies to the end portion of the deposited resin. The corresponding resin may flow down so as to spread outward, and the shape of the end may collapse. FIG. 6 shows the deposited resin 101 in such a state that the fluidity is increased over the entire region. The deposited resin 101 shown in FIG. 6 has a shape in which the end 103 having increased fluidity spreads on the modeling plate P. In the deposited resin 101 in such a state, the shape of the end 103 is broken even if a three-dimensionally shaped object is manufactured based on the design data.

  On the other hand, in the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the laser light is set to be irradiated on a portion excluding the end portion 103 of the deposited resin 101. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the control device 71 removes the end resin 103 in an arbitrary direction along the plane of the modeling plate P in the deposited resin 101 formed in a predetermined pattern based on the design data. The portion on the center side of 101 (the portion excluding the portion indicated by hatching in FIG. 6) is heated. This arbitrary direction is appropriately changed because the position of the end portion differs depending on the shape of the formed pattern in plan view. For example, in the case where each side forms a cube along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, it becomes an end in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. For this reason, the control apparatus 71 determines the coordinate position (position in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction) on the modeling plate P of the end portion 103 excluding the laser irradiation according to the shape and size of the pattern to be formed. To do. And the control apparatus 71 controls the laser irradiation apparatus 53 so that a laser beam is not irradiated to the determined coordinate position. Since the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 heats the central portion of the deposited resin 101 excluding the end portion 103, the deposited resin 101 can be stacked while maintaining the end portion 103 in a desired shape.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
<Effect 1> In manufacturing the three-dimensional modeled object, the control device 71 first discharges a droplet 81 of an ultraviolet curable resin from the nozzle 55 of the inkjet head 51 onto the modeling plate P held by the plate holding unit 37. Further, the control device 71 irradiates and heats the laser beam from the laser irradiation device 53 to the upper end portion of the droplet 81 while discharging the droplet 81 onto the modeling plate P. As the fluidity of the upper end of the droplet 81 increases, the unevenness of the surface of the deposited resin on which the droplet 81 is formed in layers is smoothed. Moreover, since the upper end part of the droplet 81 is partially heated, the heated upper end part flows so that the fluidity is increased as compared with other parts and the unevenness of the surface of the deposited resin is reduced. It becomes easy. Thereby, even if the unevenness | corrugation of the surface of deposition resin becomes large when the nozzle opening of the nozzle 55 is enlarged and the droplet diameter of the droplet 81 to discharge is enlarged, the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 performs subsequent heating. The surface can be smoothed by increasing the fluidity of the upper end portion of the droplet 81 by the treatment. Therefore, according to the three-dimensional object manufacturing apparatus 10, the droplet diameter can be increased to shorten the modeling time, and a three-dimensional object having a desired surface shape can be manufactured by laminating the deposited resin whose surface is smoothed. It becomes possible.

  <Effect 2> The control device 71 cools the lower portion of the droplet 81 while irradiating the laser beam from the laser irradiation device 53 to heat the upper end portion of the droplet 81. The control device 71 drives the cooling device 43 (see FIG. 2) and supplies a cooling medium into the cooling pipe 41 built in the base 38 to cool the base 38. The upper end portion of the droplet 81 of the modeling plate P is heated while the lower portion is cooled. According to the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10, in the operation of heating the deposited resin, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the temperature of other portions except the upper end portion from rising, and only the upper end portion is appropriately heated to Smoothness can be further improved. Further, the laser irradiation device 53 can change the laser irradiation setting conditions for heating the droplet 81 in accordance with the cooling processing conditions by the cooling device 43. Thereby, for example, the time when the laser irradiation device 53 irradiates the droplet 81 with the laser light and the intensity of the irradiated laser light are within the allowable range according to the ability of the cooling device 43 to cool the lower portion of the droplet 81. Expanding. Therefore, by using the heat treatment and the cooling treatment in combination, the laser irradiation device 53 can increase the range of allowable setting values and can simplify the control contents.

  <Effect 3> The control device 71 can further shorten the modeling time by processing the operation of discharging the droplet 81 from the nozzle 55 and the laser irradiation by the laser irradiation device 53 in parallel.

  <Effect 4> The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 is set to irradiate laser light to a portion excluding the end portion 103 of the deposited resin 101. The control device 71 determines the coordinate position on the modeling plate P of the end portion 103 excluding the laser irradiation according to the shape and width of the pattern to be formed. And the control apparatus 71 controls the laser irradiation apparatus 53 so that a laser beam is not irradiated to the determined coordinate position, and heats the deposition resin 101. FIG. Since the central portion of the deposited resin 101 excluding the end 103 is heated, the surface of the deposited resin 101 is smoothed while preventing the shape of the end 103 from collapsing.

  Incidentally, the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 is an example of a manufacturing apparatus. The inkjet head 51 is an example of an ejection unit. The laser irradiation device 53 is an example of a heating unit. The plate holding part 37 that holds the modeling plate P is an example of a stage.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, It is possible to implement in the various aspect which gave various change and improvement based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
For example, the method of heating the droplet 81 is not limited to laser light irradiation. For example, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 may be changed to a configuration in which hot air is blown to the surface of the droplet 81 and heated, or may be changed to a configuration in which heating is performed by an infrared lamp.
Moreover, in the said Example, although the heat processing by a laser beam was implemented before the hardening process by an ultraviolet-ray, you may implement after a hardening process. For example, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 heats the surface of the resin 93 (see FIG. 5) after being cured by ultraviolet rays by irradiating it with laser light before discharging the droplet 81 of the next layer. The surface of 93 may be melted and smoothed.
In addition, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 may perform the process of heating the surface after stacking a predetermined number of layers without performing the heat treatment with the laser beam for each layer. This process is effective when the unevenness of the surface formed for each layer has little influence on the surface of the three-dimensional model of the finished product, and can shorten the modeling time.
In addition, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 may perform a process of physically smoothing the surface of the droplet 81 (deposition resin) having increased fluidity with a roller or the like.

Moreover, in the said Example, although the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 processed the discharge process and the heat processing in parallel, you may change these processes into the structure processed sequentially.
Moreover, although the three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus 10 of the said Example was set as the structure which moves the modeling plate P by making the inkjet head 51 into a fixed state, it implements a modeling process, It is not limited to this. For example, the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 may perform the modeling process by moving the inkjet head 51 with the base 38 on which the modeling plate P is placed fixed. Alternatively, the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 may perform the modeling process while relatively moving both the inkjet head 51 and the modeling plate P.
Moreover, in the said Example, although ultraviolet curable resin is employ | adopted as curable resin, it is possible to employ | adopt resin other than an ultraviolet-ray, for example, resin hardened | cured with the light of a specific wavelength. In this case, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 10 can be changed to a configuration including a light irradiation device that irradiates light of a specific wavelength instead of the ultraviolet irradiation device 25.
The resin in the present application may contain a material that converts light into heat by absorbing light of a specific wavelength.

In addition, the laser irradiation device 53 includes one laser light source 83, but may include a plurality of laser light sources 83.
Moreover, the apparatus which discharges curable resin is not restricted to the inkjet head 51, A dispenser head etc. are employable.
Moreover, the structure of the cooling device 43 using the cooling pipe 41 is an example, and it is possible to employ a heat sink or a device that blows cold air.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Three-dimensional molded item manufacturing apparatus, 37 Plate holding part, 41 Cooling pipe, 51 Inkjet head, 53 Laser irradiation apparatus, 81 Droplet, P modeling plate, 101 Deposited resin, 103 End.

Claims (5)

It is a manufacturing method of a three-dimensional structure by an additive manufacturing method,
Discharging a resin droplet from the nozzle onto the stage;
Heating the upper end of the deposited resin in which the droplets are deposited in layers on the stage to increase fluidity;
Curing the deposited resin and forming at least one layer of the three-dimensional structure to be divided into a plurality of layers;
The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional molded item characterized by including. Increasing the fluidity comprises:
The method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein the upper end portion is heated while cooling the lower portion of the deposited resin by cooling the stage.   The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein the step of discharging and the step of increasing the fluidity are performed in parallel. Increasing the fluidity comprises:
The three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a portion on the center side excluding an end portion in an arbitrary direction along the plane of the stage in the deposited resin is heated. Manufacturing method. It is a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional model by the additive manufacturing method,
A discharge unit that discharges resin droplets from the nozzle onto the stage;
A heating unit that heats the upper end of the deposited resin in which the droplets are deposited in layers on the stage to increase fluidity; and
The manufacturing apparatus, wherein the deposited resin is cured to form at least one layer of the three-dimensional structure formed by dividing into a plurality of layers.

Images