JP2015171838A - Seat belt device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seat belt device capable of more appropriately constraining the upper body of a passenger irrespectively of the type of a crash such as a front crash or a side crash.SOLUTION: A seat belt device comprises: a seat belt 1 that includes an upper webbing 21 one end of which is connected to an upper anchor position P1 above a passenger's shoulder and the other end of which is pulled into a pull-in hole to be able to be wound around a retractor 25, and a lower webbing 22 one end of which is connected to the upper webbing 21 via a slip ring 19 and includes a tongue 30 engageable with a buckle 20 at a central anchor position P2 and the other end of which is connected to a lower anchor position P3 of a seat; and drive means 25 moving, in a crash, a variable guide that restricts a pull-in position of the upper webbing 21 from an upper, stationary position H0 to a displacement position H1 below the stationary position H0, the upper webbing 21 being set in a first state when the variable guide is at the stationary position H0 and in a second state when the variable guide is at the displacement position.

Description

  The present invention relates to a seat belt device that appropriately restrains an occupant seated on a seat at the time of a side collision of a vehicle.

The vehicle restrains an occupant seated in the seat on the seat using a seat belt device.
Conventionally, a two-point seat belt device that supports a waist belt at two points, a three-point seat belt device that combines a shoulder belt and a waist belt, and supports them at three points in order to exert a restraining action that suppresses movement of the occupant, etc. Is used.
Here, one end of the shoulder belt is connected to a retractor supported on the vehicle body side, and the occupant is restrained to the seat by tension generated in accordance with the winding operation. In addition, a locking mechanism is activated in the event of a vehicle collision, and the further pull-out of the shoulder belt is locked to ensure the restraint of the occupant.

  Further, in such a seat belt device, a pretensioner is used in order to further improve the restraint of the occupant during a vehicle collision. The pretensioner has a function of winding the belt instantaneously to increase the belt tension and removing the slack and appropriately restraining the occupant more quickly when the vehicle receives an impact of a predetermined level or more as in a collision. One example is described in Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a shoulder belt (shoulder belt) is locked to a ring-shaped belt winding member on a vehicle body inner wall on the upper rear side of a seat. Furthermore, at the time of a frontal collision, the belt wrapping member is moved downward, and the restraint angle, which is the opposite angle of the shoulder belt extending direction to the horizontal direction, is reduced to further improve the restraint performance of the occupant at the beginning of the collision. The movement of is suppressed.

By the way, when the vehicle collides from the side of the vehicle body (hereinafter referred to as a side collision), the occupant moves to the outside in the vehicle width direction, which is a collision direction relative to the vehicle, due to inertia. In a side collision, the side part of the vehicle body (for example, a door) may be deformed toward the center of the vehicle, and if the occupant moves excessively outward in the vehicle width direction, there is a risk of coming into contact with the vehicle inner wall. In the conventional three-point seat belt device, the effect of restricting the movement of the occupant in the front-rear direction is large. However, as in Patent Document 1, the belt wrapping member is moved downward to improve the occupant restraint at the initial stage of the collision. Even so, the restriction effect on the movement of the occupant in the vehicle width direction at the time of a side collision is relatively small and has a limit.
Therefore, as described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, a seatbelt device that forcibly holds the occupant's upper body on the vehicle body center side during a side collision and more reliably restricts movement outward in the vehicle width direction. Has been devised.

In Patent Document 2, a webbing clip that supports a shoulder belt (shoulder belt) is provided on the upper rear side of the seat, and a drive mechanism that switches the shoulder belt from the upper position of the occupant's shoulder to the lateral position of the shoulder is mounted. The shoulder belt portion is hung around a side position of the occupant's shoulder together with the webbing clip, and the movement of the occupant outward in the vehicle width direction is effectively restrained by the tension of the shoulder belt portion.
Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, in addition to the three-point seat belt device, a chest seat belt that is passed from the vicinity of the chest on the vehicle side wall to the vicinity of the waist on the inside of the vehicle is described. Here, in the event of a vehicle-side collision, the chest seat belt is wound up by the chest retractor, and the upper body of the occupant is moved to the center of the vehicle to keep the occupant away from the intruding door.

JP 2013-14291 A JP 2010-58723 A JP 2009-101974 A

However, as in Patent Document 2, when the shoulder belt portion is switched to a position where the side position of the occupant's shoulder is wound using a webbing clip, the movement of the occupant outward in the vehicle width direction can be restricted. However, the regulatory effect on the upper shoulder (near the clavicle) is thought to be small, and there is room for improvement.
Further, as in Patent Document 3, when a chest seat belt and a retractor for winding the chest are used separately from the three-point seat belt device, the device becomes complicated, the device is enlarged, the installation space is secured, etc. The problem arises.
Therefore, there is a demand for a seat belt device that can restrain the upper part (near the clavicle) and the side part of the upper body of the occupant at the time of collision with a simple configuration that suppresses the increase in size of the apparatus.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a seat belt device capable of restraining the upper body of an occupant more appropriately regardless of the form of collision.

  The invention of claim 1 is a seat belt device for restraining an occupant to a seat at the time of a vehicle collision, wherein one end is connected to the vehicle body side at an upper anchor position above a shoulder portion outside the occupant in the vehicle width direction. The upper webbing is slidable on the upper webbing after being folded back by the slip ring provided on the part, and the other end side is drawn into the pull-in hole provided in the vicinity of the upper anchor position so as to be wound around the retractor And has a tongue that can be engaged with a buckle at the center anchor position on the center side in the vehicle width direction of the seat at the middle portion, and the other end is connected to the vehicle body side at the lower anchor position on the outside in the vehicle width direction of the seat A seat belt comprising a lower webbing and an upper side of the upper webbing extending from the slip ring to the other side of the upper webbing. When the vehicle collides, the variable guide retracting position is moved from the steady position above the shoulder of the occupant to the displaced position below the steady position. The upper webbing has an extension part on one end side and an extension part on the other end side from the slip ring of the upper webbing when the variable guide is in a steady position. When the variable guide is in the displacement position, the extension portion on the one end side of the upper webbing is routed above the shoulder portion of the occupant and the other end. It is characterized by the 2nd state where the extension part of a side is arranged by the passenger | crew's shoulder side.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the seat belt device according to the first aspect, the variable guide has a latching portion in which the extension portion on the other end side of the upper webbing is wound in the vertical direction at the displacement position. The extending portion on the other end side of the upper webbing is in the second state, and the variable guide is brought into a state in which the surface faces in the vehicle width direction by the variable guide. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the seat belt device according to the first or second aspect, the retractor includes a pretensioner that pulls the upper webbing to increase the tension of the seat belt when a vehicle collides, and the drive The means is characterized in that the variable guide is moved from the steady position to the displacement position using the driving force of the pretensioner.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the seat belt device according to the third aspect, the retractor receives the driving force of the pretensioner and a wire connected to the variable guide, and winds the wire to receive the variable. And a retractor for moving the guide, wherein the retractor has a function of the driving means.

  The invention according to claim 5 of the present application is the seat belt device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seat belt device extends vertically below the pull-in hole, and the variable guide extends from the steady position at the upper end to the lower end. A guide rail that guides to the displacement position, and the guide rail has a position restricting portion that holds the variable guide at the steady position and allows the variable guide to move when a load exceeding a predetermined level is applied. It is provided.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the seat belt device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the driving means moves the variable guide from the steady position to the displaced position only when a vehicle side impact occurs. It is characterized by doing.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, at the time of a vehicle collision, the one end side extension of the upper webbing is routed above the passenger's shoulder (near the clavicle), and the other end extension of the upper webbing is on the shoulder side of the passenger Since the upper body of the occupant is restrained not only from the front and the upper side, but also from the side (vehicle width direction outside), it is possible to restrain the occupant's upper body from the front and above. The outward movement can be reliably suppressed. Therefore, the upper body of the occupant can be restrained more appropriately regardless of the type of collision such as a front collision or a side collision.

  In the invention of claim 2, since the other end side extension portion of the upper webbing is routed so as to smoothly wrap around the side of the shoulder of the occupant, the state of the occupant is more reliably and appropriately restrained from the side. Can do.

  In the invention of claim 3, the upper webbing is pulled by the pretensioner at the time of the collision, and at the same time, the variable guide is moved to bring the upper webbing into the second state. Can be reliably pulled and restrained inward in the vehicle width direction, and the upper body of the occupant can be restrained more appropriately. Further, since the variable guide is moved using the driving force of the retractor pretensioner, it is not necessary to provide a separate driving source for driving the driving means, and the number of parts can be reduced, resulting in an increase in cost. And increase in size of the apparatus can be suppressed.

  In the invention of claim 4, the retractor can have the function of the driving means with a simple configuration in which the variable guide is moved by winding the wire with a winding wheel, and the enlargement of the apparatus can also be suppressed. .

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the variable guide can be reliably guided from the steady position to the displaced position by the guide rail, and the variable guide can be stably held at the steady position unless a load more than a predetermined load acts on the guide rail. it can.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the variable guide can be reliably moved from the steady position to the displaced position when the vehicle collides with the drive means.

1 is a schematic front seat front view of a vehicle to which a seat belt device as a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic front perspective views of the seat belt device of FIG. 1, in which FIG. 1A shows a state where the variable guide is in a steady position (normal time), and FIG. 2B shows a state where the variable guide is in a displacement position (side impact). . FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic side views of the front seat of the seat belt device of FIG. 1, in which FIG. 1A shows a state where the variable guide is in a steady position (normal time), and FIG. 1B shows a state where the variable guide is in a displacement position (side impact). . It is a principal part front view of the center pillar of the seatbelt apparatus of FIG. It is a principal part perspective view of the drawing-in hole of the center pillar of FIG. 4, and a slide area. FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams of the variable guide of the center pillar in FIG. 4, in which FIG. It is a schematic expanded sectional view of the retractor used for the seatbelt apparatus of FIG. It is a front seat schematic perspective view of a seatbelt device in the state where an occupant falls due to vehicle rollover. The guide member used with the seatbelt apparatus as other embodiment of this invention, and the schematic explanatory drawing in the stationary position and displacement position of a belt are shown.

  Hereinafter, the features of the seat belt device to which the present invention is applied will be described using the following embodiments and modifications. In addition, about embodiment, a modification, etc., about the components, such as a member and a component which have the same function or shape, the subsequent description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol as much as possible.

FIG. 1 shows a front part of a vehicle compartment 2 in which a seat belt device 1 as a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied is provided.
A pair of left and right seats 3 is provided as a front seat in the passenger compartment 2, and each seat 3 includes a seat bag 5, a seat cushion 6, and a headrest 7, and the seat belt device 1 is provided in a symmetrical state in each. The
The left and right center pillars 8 constituting the left and right vehicle body inner walls are opposed to each other on the vehicle width direction outer side of the vehicle compartment 2, and the upper end of the center pillar 8 is integrally coupled to the roof side rail 9 and the lower end is integrally coupled to the side sill 11. .
Hereinafter, the seat 3 on the driver's seat side (left side in FIG. 1) will be described as an example.
In this specification, “wound” means a state in which the seat belt is locked to the locking member, and the seat belt is wound, folded, and slidable.

As shown in FIG. 1, the seat belt device 1 includes an upper anchor position P1 on the vehicle width direction Y outer side upper side of the seat 3, a center anchor position P2 on the center side in the vehicle width direction Y of the seat 3, and the vehicle of the seat 3. The seat belt 4 is stretched over three points with the lower anchor position P3 below the width direction Y vehicle outer side.
In the present embodiment, the upper anchor position P1 is set to the inner wall member 12 that forms the inner wall of the vehicle body above the shoulder of the occupant seated on the seat 3, and the central anchor position P2 is the seat 3 (seat cushion) near the occupant's waist. 6), the lower anchor position P3 is set to the inner wall member 12 at the position of the foot of the passenger near the floor. In addition, the fixed anchor 23 is provided in the upper anchor position so that rotation is possible in the front-back direction, and the buckle 20 is provided in the center anchor via the bracket. The seatbelt 4 used in the seatbelt device 1 of the present invention is mainly composed of an upper webbing 21 that restrains the shoulder and chest of the occupant and a lower webbing 22 that restrains mainly below the occupant's chest. These webbings are combined and spanned across three points P1 to P3.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, one end (upper end) of the upper webbing 21 is connected to the inner wall member 12 via the fixed anchor 23 at the upper anchor position P1, and the other end (lower end) is connected to the inner wall member 12 and the inner wall member. It is connected with the retractor 25 provided between the pillar trim 13 which covers the 12 surface side (indoor side). Further, a slip ring 19 slidable along the upper webbing 21 is provided at an intermediate portion of the upper webbing 21.
On the other hand, the lower webbing 22 has one end coupled to the slip ring 19 and slidably connected to the upper webbing 21 via the slip ring 19, and the other end below the inner wall member 12 at the third anchor position P3. It is fixed near the floor. A plate-like tongue 30 that can be attached to and detached from the buckle 20 that is fixed to the second anchor position P2 on the center side in the vehicle width direction Y of the seat 3 is slidably provided at an intermediate portion of the lower webbing 22.

  In a state where the seat belt 4 is mounted on the occupant, the upper webbing 21 extends downward from the upper anchor position P1, is wound around the slip ring 19 and is folded upward, and then the lower side of the upper anchor position P1. In the vicinity, it is arranged to be drawn into a drawing hole 24 provided in the pillar trim 13. At this time, the extension portion 121 at the upper anchor position P1 (one end side) from the slip ring 19 of the upper webbing 21 and the extension portion 122 at the retractor 25 side (the other end side) extend from the slip ring 19 in substantially the same direction. The upper part of the occupant's shoulder (near the clavicle) is restrained from the front in a state where they overlap each other. The lower webbing 22 extends obliquely downward from the slip ring 19 toward the center in the vehicle width direction Y, is wound around a tongue 30 engaged with the buckle 20 at the center anchor position P2, and passes through the front of the occupant's waist. It extends to the outside in the width direction Y vehicle and is routed to the lower anchor position P3 to restrain the occupant's waist.

Thus, the upper webbing 21 (one end side extension part and the other end side extension part) and the part from one end (slip ring 19) to the tongue 30 of the lower webbing 22 are the shoulder upper part of the occupant (near the clavicle) and the chest part. A shoulder belt portion 17 that restrains the occupant is formed, and a portion from the tongue 30 of the lower webbing 22 to the lower anchor position P3 at the other end forms a waist belt portion 18 that restrains the occupant's waist. Here, the seat belt 4 is composed of a shoulder belt portion 17 and a waist belt portion 18, and a relatively loose tension is always applied to the occupant by being relatively looser than the retractor 25. When the seat belt 4 is in a normal wearing state, the upper webbing 21 can be extended from the retractor 25 so as not to disturb the movement of the occupant. In FIG. 1, the seat belt device 1 in a non-mounted state is shown in the right seat 3 (passenger seat).
In the following description, the upper anchor position P1 side (one end side) from the slip ring 19 of the upper webbing 21 is defined as one end extending portion 211, and the retractor 25 side (the other end side) extends from the slip ring 19 to the other end side. It classifies as the output part 212.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pull-in hole 24 of the pillar trim 13 is formed in a long hole shape that is long in the vehicle front-rear direction. That is, the upper webbing 21 is drawn into the drawing hole 24 in a state where the width direction of the upper webbing 21 is oriented in the vehicle front-rear direction.
On the inner wall member 12 facing the lead-in hole 24, the extension guide 212 on the other end side of the upper webbing 21 is wound, and the fixed guide 26 is fixed so as to protrude downward toward the inside of the vehicle. The
The fixed guide 26 is formed in parallel with the lower edge portion of the lead-in hole 24, extends from both ends of the sliding contact edge portion 261 (see FIG. 5) around which the upper webbing 21 is wound, and extends from the both ends of the sliding contact edge portion 261. And left and right leg portions 262 fixed to 12. The fixed guide 26 is disposed such that the left and right leg portions 262 pass through the pillar trim 13 and the sliding contact edge portion 261 faces the outer surface (the vehicle inner side surface) of the lower edge portion of the pull-in hole 24 of the pillar trim 13.

The other end side extension portion 212 of the upper webbing 21 is wound around the sliding contact edge portion 261 of the fixed guide 26, passes between the left and right leg portions 262 of the fixed guide 26 from the pull-in hole 24, and the inner wall member 12. It is pulled into the gap of the pillar trim 13. A retractor 25 (see FIG. 4) is attached to the lower part of the inner wall member 12 that forms the side wall of the vehicle body, and the lower end (the other end) of the other end side extension 212 of the upper webbing 21 can be wound around the retractor 25. Connected to
By installing the fixed guide 26 in this manner, the upper webbing 21 is in direct contact with the edge of the pull-in hole 24 and excessively worn, and cracks in the pillar trim 13 are suppressed, and the retractor 25 smoothes the upper webbing 21. Can be rolled up.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, an extension portion 212 on the other end side of the upper webbing 21 is wound around the lower side of the fixed guide 26 provided at the lower edge portion of the pull-in hole 24 of the pillar trim 13, and the upper webbing. A variable guide 50 that restricts the retracting position (retracting direction) 21 is provided. The variable guide 50 is configured to be movable in the vertical direction, and the pull-in position is variable.
Specifically, a pull-in position change area E is provided in a region below the pull-in hole 24 of the pillar trim 13, and the variable guide 50 is provided so as to be movable from the steady position H0 to the displacement position H11.

In the pull-in position change area E, a pair of rail grooves 51 and 52 into which the leg portions 502 of the variable guide 50 are slidably fitted are formed. One rail groove 51 is formed only by a straight portion extending in the vertical direction. In the other rail groove 52, a straight portion 521 extending in the vertical direction and a curved portion 522 continuing below the straight portion 521 are continuously formed. The curved portion 522 is curved toward the rear side of the vehicle, and is curved to a position directly below the extension line of the straight portion 511.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the variable guide 50 fitted in the rail grooves 51 and 52 is a metal member having a U-shape. The variable guide 50 is formed by a latching portion 500 around which the upper webbing 21 is wound, and a pair of legs 502 that extend from both ends of the latching portion 500 and are slidably fitted in the rail grooves 51 and 52. Yes.
The length of the latching portion 500, that is, the distance between the pair of leg portions 502 is formed to be slightly larger than the width of the upper webbing 21.

  As shown in FIG. 5, at the steady position H0 set at the upper ends of the rail grooves (guide rails) 51 and 52, the position restricting portion f1 that positions the variable guide 50 at the steady position H0 so as not to move is the rail. The grooves (guide rails) 51 and 52 are formed so as to protrude toward the center of the groove so as to narrow. And normally, the variable guide 50 is hold | maintained in the steady position H0 close | similar to the fixed guide 26 (drawing hole 24) by the position control part f1. The position restricting portion f1 is set so as to be destroyed (deformed) when a load greater than a predetermined value is applied and to allow the variable guide 50 to move. As shown in FIG. 6A, the variable guide 50 is in a state (posture) in which the latching portion 500 extends in the vehicle front-rear direction (lateral direction) substantially parallel to the lead-in hole 24 at the steady position H0. That is, the variable guide 50 is disposed at the steady position H0 with the hooking portion 500 extending in the horizontal direction. As a result, when the variable guide 50 is in the steady position H0, the other end side extension portion 212 of the upper webbing is oriented in the width direction, that is, the direction (width direction) is directed in the lateral (substantially horizontal) direction. The other web side extended portion 212 of the upper webbing 21 is arranged so that the surface of the upper webbing 21 faces the occupant's upper shoulder (near the clavicle) in the vertical direction (see FIG. 2A). The normal position H0 is set to be a position above the shoulder of the occupant, and is configured so that the upper webbing 21 (seat belt 4) can be pulled out and retracted smoothly during normal wearing. .

  Although the detailed configuration will be described later, in the present embodiment, the left and right proximal ends of the variable guide 50 are connected to the retractor 25 side via two wires sw, and are moved downward by the retractor 25 at the time of a side collision. By being pulled, it is possible to move to a displacement position H1 set at the lower ends of the rail grooves (guide rails) 51 and 52. That is, when it is determined that the vehicle has collided, the retractor 25 is driven by the pretensioner 28 to wind up the upper webbing 21, and at the same time, the variable guide 50 is pulled downward to move the displacement position downward from the steady position H0. Move to H1. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the variable guide 50 is moved to the displacement position H <b> 1, the upper webbing 21 is arranged such that the other end side extension portion 212 is arranged above the shoulder portion of the occupant. From this state, the other end side extending portion 212 is in a second state in which the occupant's shoulder side is routed, and the occupant can be prevented from moving outward in the vehicle width direction. The displacement position H1 is set so that the variable guide 50 is at the same height as the shoulder of the occupant or a slightly lower position.

When the variable guide 50 is pulled downward by the driving force of the pretensioner 28 of the retractor 25, the variable guide 50 is lowered along the rail grooves (guide rails) 51 and 52 after destroying and overcoming the position restricting portion f <b> 1. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6B, the curved portion 522 of the rail groove 52 is long downward and curved backward with respect to the rail groove 51, so that the variable guide 50 moves to the displacement position H1. In this case, the latching portion 500 is guided by the rail grooves (guide rails) 51 and 52 in a vertical state (posture) extending in the vertical direction (vertical direction). Thereby, the upper webbing 21 is in the widthwise vertical state in which the direction (widthwise direction) of the other end side extending portion 212 is directed in the vertical direction (vertical direction) in the second state, that is, the upper webbing 21 The surface is arranged so as to face the side of the shoulder of the occupant facing the left-right direction, and is easily constrained from the side with respect to the shoulder of the occupant.
As described above, the variable guide 50 is in the horizontal direction in which the latching portion 500 extends in the horizontal direction at the steady position H0, and in the vertical direction in which the latching portion 500 extends in the vertical direction at the displacement position H1. Then, corresponding to the direction of the variable guide 50, the other end side extended portion 212 of the upper webbing 21 is laterally oriented in the width direction with the surface facing the vertical direction in the first state, and the surface in the second state. Is vertical in the width direction facing the vehicle width direction.

Next, the structure of the retractor 25 will be described in detail. The retractor 25 is always urged to wind up the upper webbing 21, and is configured to increase the restraining force on the occupant by retracting the upper webbing 21 by the operation of the pretensioner 28 at the time of collision.
As shown in FIG. 7, the retractor 25 includes a main case 27 at the center thereof. The main case 27 incorporates a drum 32 around which the other end side extending portion 212 (a part of the seat belt 4) of the upper webbing 21 is wound. In the upper part of the main case 27, there is provided an opening 270 for pulling out the other end side extension part 212 of the upper webbing 21, and one side case 271 is fixed to one side wall of the main case 27. Accommodates a string-wound spring 33 for winding the belt. The other side case 272 is fixed to the other side wall, and the pretensioner 28 is accommodated therein.

The drum 32 is integrally provided with a hollow rotating outer shaft 36 that penetrates the center of the drum 32, and is pivotally supported on the main case 27 side through bearings 37, 38, and 39. The drum 32 is connected to the spring 33 and the pretensioner 28 via the rotation outer shaft 36.
The drum 32 is constantly applied with a biasing force in a direction in which the upper webbing 21 is wound by a string-wound spring 33. Thereby, the upper webbing 21 pulled out from the retractor 25 functions to be elastically pulled back.

The pretensioner 28 has a function of winding the upper webbing 21 by instantaneously rotating the drum 32 in the winding direction when the vehicle collides, and increasing the tension of the seat belt 4.
The pretensioner 28 operates the ring gear 29 that is connected to the rotary outer shaft 36 (see FIG. 7), which is a winding shaft of the drum 32, in an intermittent manner, the case 31 that covers the outer periphery of the ring gear 29, and the pretensioner 28. And a gas generator 46 to be operated.
A plurality of balls (not shown) are arranged in the case 31 so as to form an annular shape, and a gas generator 46 is provided at the outer end of the arrangement system. The gas generator 46 is connected to the control means 45 via a generator drive circuit 461. The pretensioner 28 is configured to rotate the ring gear 29 by the pressing force of a plurality of balls pushed out by explosively driving the gas generator 46 and to rotate the rotating outer shaft 36 by the rotation of the ring gear 29. Yes.

The rotating outer shaft 36 receiving the rotational force from the pretensioner 28 drives the drum 32 to rotate, whereby the winding tension of the retractor 25 can be increased. For this reason, when the vehicle receives a load exceeding a predetermined level due to a vehicle collision or the like, the pretensioner 28 is instantaneously actuated and the upper webbing 21 is wound around the drum 32, and the occupant restraining tension of the seat belt 4 is increased. The In addition, the structure of the retractor using such a pretensioner is a well-known structure.
The gas generator 46 of the pretensioner 28 is connected to the generator drive circuit 461 of the control means 45, and the operation is controlled by the control means 45.

The retractor 25 is provided with a force limiter (not shown). The force limiter is a known device and has a function of restricting the application of tension more than necessary to the upper webbing 21 (seat belt 4).
Here, the retractor 25 of the present embodiment also has a function of a driving means for moving the variable guide 50.
The retractor 25 includes two wires sw connected to the legs 502 of the variable guide 50, two winding wheels 43 and 44 around which the wires sw are wound, the winding wheels 43 and 44, and a rotating outer shaft. And an electromagnetic clutch 34 interposed between them.
The winding wheels 43 and 44 are attached to both end portions of the inner shaft 41 that is fitted and inserted into the rotary outer shaft 36 so as to be relatively rotatable. The rotating outer shaft 36 and the inner shaft 41 can be connected and disconnected by an electromagnetic clutch 34. That is, the transmission of driving force from the pretensioner 28 to the winding wheels 43 and 44 can be connected and disconnected by connecting and disconnecting the rotating outer shaft 36 and the inner shaft 41 with the electromagnetic clutch 34. The electromagnetic clutch 34 is connected to the control means 45 via the drive circuit 345, and the operation is controlled by the control means 45.
Therefore, when the pretensioner 28 is operated in a state where the electromagnetic clutch 34 is joined by the control means 45 and the rotary outer shaft 36 and the inner shaft 41 are integrated, the winding wheels 43 and 44 are driven by the driving force of the pretensioner 28. The wire sw that is rotated in the winding direction and is connected to the variable guide 50 is wound, and the variable guide 50 is moved. Thus, in this embodiment, since the variable guide 50 is configured to move using the driving force of the pretensioner 28 of the retractor 25, there is no need to separately provide a dedicated driving means (such as a pretensioner). Installation space and cost can be reduced.

Next, the control means 45 for controlling the tension of the seat belt 4 will be described.
At least a front collision detection sensor 54, a side collision detection sensor 55, and a seat belt mounting sensor 56 are connected to the control means 45 shown in FIG. 7 and have the following control functions. The presence or absence of the seat belt is detected by the seat belt wearing sensor 56. When the front collision detection sensor 54 detects a front-rear acceleration or pressure fluctuation that is greater than or equal to a predetermined value with the seat belt 4 mounted, the front generator is regarded as a front collision and the gas generator 46 is turned on via the generator drive circuit 461. Explosive drive is performed and the pretensioner 28 is activated. As a result, the drum 32 is rapidly rotated in the winding direction. Further, when the side collision detection sensor 55 detects a side acceleration or pressure fluctuation exceeding a predetermined value from the side of the vehicle body with the seat belt 4 mounted, the generator drive circuit 461 is regarded as a side collision and the generator drive circuit 461 is The gas generator 46 is driven to explode through and the pretensioner 28 is operated, and at the same time, the electromagnetic clutch 34 is engaged through the drive circuit 345. As a result, the drum 32 and the winding wheels 43 and 44 are rapidly rotated in the winding direction.

Then, the effect | action and effect of the seatbelt apparatus 1 as 1st Embodiment are demonstrated.
First, in a normal state in which the occupant wears the seat belt 4, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 3A, the variable guide 50 is held at the steady position H0 by the position restricting portion f1. In the state where the variable guide 50 is in the steady position H0, the upper webbing 21 is extended at the one end side extending portion 211 extending downward from the upper anchor position P1 and the other end side extending at the slip ring 19 and extending toward the variable guide 50. The portion 212 extends in substantially the same direction, and is in a first state in which the portion 212 is doubly arranged on the upper side of the occupant's shoulder (near the clavicle). In a normal state, a relatively loose tension is applied from the retractor 25 to the entire seat belt 4 including the lower webbing 22 through the upper webbing 21, and the occupant is restrained by the loose tension on the seat 3.
At this time, the other end side extending portion 212 of the upper webbing 21 is in a laterally lateral state (FIG. 6A).

  Next, when the front collision detection sensor 54 detects a longitudinal acceleration or pressure fluctuation that is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, it is considered as a front collision. In this case, the pretensioner 28 of the retractor 25 is operated by the control means 45. As a result, the drum 32 rotates to wind up the upper webbing 21 and increase the tension applied to the upper webbing 21. By tightly winding the upper webbing, an occupant restraint tension is additionally applied to the side of the seat belt 4 to restrain the occupant from moving forward. At this time, since the variable guide 50 is not moved and is in the steady position H0, the upper webbing 21 remains in the first state, and the one end side extension part 211 and the other end side extension part 212 of the upper webbing 21 Are double and restrain the passenger's shoulder (near the clavicle) from the front and above.

Next, it is assumed that a vehicle collision in the vehicle width direction Y or a pressure fluctuation equal to or greater than a predetermined value is detected by the side collision detection sensor 55 and a side collision occurs. In this case, assuming that a side collision occurs, the pretensioner 28 is operated by the control means 45 and the electromagnetic clutch 34 is simultaneously engaged.
In this case, the pretensioner 28 rotates the drum 32 to increase the tension applied to the upper webbing 21. At the same time, the rotary outer shaft 36 and the inner shaft 41 are coupled by the electromagnetic clutch 34, and the rotational force from the pretensioner 28 is transmitted to the winding wheels 43 and 44.

  The winding wheels 43 and 44 wind up the pair of wires sw by the rotational force from the pretensioner 28, and pull the variable guide 50 from the steady position H0 to the displacement position H1 through the wires sw. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 (b) and 3 (b), the projecting end portion 501 of the variable guide 50 destroys the position restricting portion f1 and climbs over the rail groove (guide rail) 51, 52 along the rail. The variable guide 50 moves from the steady position H0 to the displacement position H1. As a result, the upper webbing 21 is in the second state in which the other end side extending portion 212 is routed to the side of the occupant's shoulder, and restrains the occupant's shoulder side to move outward in the vehicle width direction. Stop movement.

Thus, when the variable guide 50 moves to the displacement position H1, the variable guide 50 is rotated by 90 ° from the state in which the direction of the latching portion 500 is directed in the horizontal direction to the state in which it is directed in the vertical direction.
Thereby, the direction (direction in the width direction) of the extension portion 212 on the other end side of the upper webbing 21 is rotated by 90 °, so that the width direction is in the vertical direction (FIG. 6B). By displacing in this way, the other end side extension portion 212 of the upper webbing 21 is arranged so as to smoothly wrap around the side of the occupant's shoulder, and the occupant can be constrained to be drawn toward the center of the vehicle body. . At this time, the one end side extending portion 211 of the upper webbing 21 restrains the occupant's shoulder upper portion (near the clavicle) from the front and the upper side. That is, the upper webbing 21 is arranged so as to extend downward through the upper shoulder portion (near the clavicle) of the occupant and to be folded back at the chest to extend to the side of the occupant's shoulder portion. As a result, the upper body of the occupant can be restrained simultaneously from above and from the side of the shoulder, and the upper body of the occupant can be restrained more appropriately.

With the structure as described above, in the present embodiment, when the vehicle receives a predetermined load or more due to a side collision, the upper webbing 21 is drawn by the pretensioner 28 and at the same time, the wire sw is instantaneously drawn downward. Yes. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6B, the variable guide 50 moves downward, and the retracted position moves to the lower displacement position H1.
Thereby, the slack of the occupant sitting on the seat 3 and the upper webbing 21 and the lower webbing 22 can be eliminated instantaneously, and the restraint property at the initial stage of the collision can be improved.

Furthermore, the upper webbing 21 used in the present embodiment has a configuration in which one end side extension portion 211 and the other end side extension portion 212 are arranged in a double manner. The end-side extending portion 212 is arranged in a V shape (see FIG. 2A), and the upper portion of the shoulder (near the clavicle) and the side of the shoulder can be constrained at the same time.
For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8, even when the vehicle rolls over from a side collision, the seat belt device of the present invention has the upper webbing 21 connected to the upper anchor position P <b> 1 of the upper webbing 21. The one end side extension part 211 interferes with the position of the clavicle at the upper part of the occupant's shoulder, and is restrained by the pressing force Pa. Further, the other end side extension portion 212 held through the variable guide 50 at the displacement position H1 from the pull-in hole 24 so that the width direction faces the vertical direction restrains the side of the shoulder portion of the occupant with the pressing force Pb. To do. Thus, by arranging the one end side extending portion 211 and the other end side extending portion 212 of the upper webbing 21 in a V shape, the occupant can be reliably restrained to the seat 3 even when the vehicle rolls over. Thus, with the seat belt device of the present embodiment, the upper body of the occupant can be more appropriately restrained with a relatively simple configuration regardless of the type of collision such as a front collision or a side collision. .
In the above description, the variable guide member is inserted through the other end side extending portion 212 of the upper webbing 21 between the left and right leg portions 502, but is not limited thereto. You may comprise as shown in 9. FIG.

Next, a seat belt device as a second embodiment will be described below. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the variable guide 50a and the rail groove 51a, and the number of the wires sw and the winding wheels 43 connected to the variable guide 50a are different from those in the first example. Note that the other end side extending portion 212 that is the other configuration is wound around the fixed guide 26, folded downward, and pulled into the drawing hole 24, which is the same as in the first embodiment. Abbreviated.
As shown in FIG. 9, in the pull-in position change area E of the pillar trim 13, a vertical straight rail groove 51 a is formed.
The variable guide 50a forms a flat ring-shaped latching portion 501a, and the width of the large-diameter side of the latching portion 501a is formed such that the other end side extension 212 of the upper webbing 21 can be inserted. . On the other hand, the width on the small diameter side of the latching portion 501a of the variable guide 50a is formed larger than the thickness of the extension portion 212 on the other end side of the upper webbing 21. As shown in FIG. 9, the variable guide 50a has a leg portion 502a that is slidably fitted in the rail groove 51a from the outside of the central position in the large diameter direction of the latching portion 501a.
Here, a flat ring-shaped variable guide 50a is rotatably supported at the center of one leg 502a. Here, although not shown, there is only one wire sw connected to the variable guide 50a, and only one winding wheel 43 around which the wire sw is wound is provided. The retracting position of the variable guide 50a is normally located at the steady position H0, and the pretensioner 28 and the electromagnetic clutch 34 of the retractor 25 are operated so as to move to the displacement position H1 in the case of a side collision. Accordingly, the winding wheel 43 is driven by the rotational force from the pretensioner 28, the wire sw is instantaneously pulled downward, and the variable guide 50a can be moved to the displacement position H1. At this time, the latching portion 501a rotates around one leg portion 502a as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
As described above, the variable guide 50a in which the latching portion 501a forms a flat ring shape is the other end side extension portion 212 of the upper webbing 21, regardless of whether the retractable position of the variable guide 50a is the normal position H0 or the displacement position H1. It can be rotated to a position where it is wound with the least resistance in the width direction. For this reason, the variable guide 50a can be rotated so that the extension portion 212 on the other end side of the upper webbing 21 is smoothly wound around the side of the occupant's shoulder, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. In particular, the configuration can be simplified.

In the above-described first and second embodiments, the variable guides 50 and 50a are maintained at the steady position H0 during the front collision and moved to the displacement position H1 during the side collision, and the control means 45 causes the electromagnetic clutch 34 of the retractor 25 to move. Operation is controlled. Instead of this, the variable guides 50 and 50a may be moved from the steady position H0 to the displacement position H1 in both the front collision and the side collision.
In this case, the occupant is drawn toward the center of the vehicle body at the time of the front collision, but even if such a configuration is adopted, the safety of the occupant can be sufficiently ensured. In addition, since the electromagnetic clutch 34 is not necessary, the configuration of the retractor 25 is simplified and control is facilitated.
In the above-described first and second embodiments, the retractor 25 is provided with a function as a driving unit that moves the variable guides 50 and 50a by using the pretensioner 28 for winding the upper webbing. Separate drive means (such as a pretensioner) may be provided.

  As described above, in the above-described embodiment, the three-point seat belt device supported at three points has been described. However, the present invention can be similarly applied to a four-point five-point seat belt device, and the same effect can be obtained.

1 Seat belt device 3 Front seat (seat)
19 Slip ring 20 Buckle 21 Upper webbing (seat belt)
211 One end side extension 212 Other end side extension 22 Lower webbing (seat belt)
24 Lead-in hole 25 Retractor (also serves as drive means)
28 Pretensioner 30 Tongue 34 Electromagnetic clutch 36 Rotating outer shaft 41 Inner shaft 45 Control means 50 Variable guide d1 Horizontally long cross-sectional shape d2 Vertically long cross-sectional shape sw Wire H0 Steady position (retracted position)
H1 Displacement position (retraction position)
P1 Upper anchor position P2 Center anchor position P3 Lower anchor position Y Vehicle width direction

Claims (6)

A seat belt device that restrains an occupant to a seat in the event of a vehicle collision,
One end is connected to the vehicle body side at the upper anchor position above the shoulder outside the occupant's vehicle width direction, folded back by a slip ring provided in the middle part, and the other end side is a pull-in hole provided in the vicinity of the upper anchor position An upper webbing that is drawn into and retractably connected to the retractor;
One end is slidably connected to the upper webbing via the slip ring, and has a tongue that can be engaged with a buckle at a center anchor position on the center side in the vehicle width direction of the seat at the middle portion, A seat belt comprising a lower webbing connected to the vehicle body at a lower anchor position on the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the seat;
A variable guide which is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction below the pull-in hole, and an extension portion on the other end side is wound around the slip ring of the upper webbing to regulate the pull-in position of the upper webbing;
Drive means for moving the retracted position of the variable guide from a steady position above the shoulder of the occupant to a displacement position below the steady position when the vehicle collides,
In the upper webbing, when the variable guide is in a steady position, both the extension part on the one end side and the extension part on the other end side of the slip ring of the upper webbing are routed above the shoulder part of the occupant. When the variable guide is in the displacement position in the first state, the extension portion on the one end side of the upper webbing is routed above the shoulder portion of the occupant and the extension portion on the other end side is occupant A seat belt device, wherein the seat belt device is in a second state arranged on the shoulder side of the seat. The variable guide has a vertically oriented posture in which a latching portion around which the extension portion on the other end side of the upper webbing is wound is vertically extended at the displacement position,
In the second state, the extension portion on the other end side of the upper webbing is arranged in a widthwise vertical state in which the surface faces the vehicle width direction by the variable guide. The seat belt device according to claim 1. The retractor includes a pretensioner that retracts the upper webbing to increase the tension of the seat belt when a vehicle collides,
3. The seat belt device according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit moves the variable guide from the steady position to the displacement position by using a driving force of the pretensioner. The retractor includes a wire coupled to the variable guide, and a take-up wheel that receives the driving force of the pretensioner and winds the wire to move the variable guide, and the retractor includes the driving means. 4. The seat belt device according to claim 3, wherein the seat belt device has the following functions. A guide rail that extends vertically below the pull-in hole and guides the variable guide from the steady position at the upper end to the displacement position at the lower end;
2. The guide rail is provided with a position restricting portion that holds the variable guide at the steady position and allows the variable guide to move when a load exceeding a predetermined value is applied. The seatbelt apparatus as described in any one of -4. The seat belt device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the driving means moves the variable guide from the steady position to the displacement position only at the time of a side collision of the vehicle.

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