JP2015161436A - Hot water heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot water heating device including means of removing a calcium component contained in water as heat medium, preventing precipitation of scale in a heat exchanger or the like, and capable of always holding an excellent heat efficiency state.SOLUTION: A hot water heating device is provided with a calcium removal device 50 that is provided in a part of a hot water circulation passage 31 in a hot water unit 20 heating hot water with a heat pump unit 10 as a heat source, and makes a calcium component dissolved in circulation water precipitate as calcium carbonate and removes it; and after removing the calcium component dissolved in the circulation water in advance, causes a heat exchanger not to precipitate scale in operation.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water heating apparatus used in a hot water circulation type hot water heating apparatus, and more particularly to a hot water heating apparatus provided with means for removing calcium components contained in water.

  Recently, a hot water heater using a heat pump unit as a heat source has been proposed in place of a combustion hot water heater using fossil fuels such as oil and gas. As an example, Patent Document 1, for example, uses a heat pump unit (usually installed outdoors) as a heat source, generates hot water by exchanging heat with a hot water unit (usually installed indoors), and is a closed loop type. A heat pump type hot water heating apparatus that circulates the hot water circulation path and radiates heat with a hot water supply or a floor heater has been proposed.

According to the heat pump type hot water heating apparatus described in Patent Document 1, since the heat pump unit is used as a heat source, an accident such as a fire hardly occurs and the amount of CO ₂ emission is small, so that it is friendly to the global environment. Moreover, since the drive control of the heat pump unit can be set finely, the set temperature of the hot water can be set widely from a low temperature to a high temperature.

However, since this type of hot water heating apparatus uses water as a heat medium, when the water temperature exceeds 60 ° C., the calcium component dissolved in the water (calcium bicarbonate: Ca (HCO ₃ ) ₂ ) Precipitates as calcium carbonate: CaCO ₃ and adheres to the tube wall or the like.

  This deposit is called a scale (also referred to as scale), and in particular, the heat exchanger has a high temperature and its path length is long, so that the scale is likely to adhere. When the amount of scale attached increases over a long period of use, there is a concern that the heat exchange efficiency may be lowered, or in the worst case, the tube may be blocked.

  In particular, many of this type of hot water heaters are distributed in Western countries, but in these areas, water is a so-called "hard water" that contains a lot of minerals such as calcium and magnesium, so scale is attached. The removal of this scale is a major issue.

  On the other hand, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a strainer that removes dust and impurities in a fluid. This strainer has a magnet placed in the center of a cylindrical filter. By placing it in the flow path, the strainer removes dust flowing in the pipe with the filter and attracts iron scraps etc. with the magnet. It can be removed.

  However, although this strainer can remove suspended matters and magnetic foreign matters flowing in the pipe, it is difficult to capture and remove scales that are small in micron size and that do not have magnetism with a strainer. there were.

JP 2013-185803 A JP 2010-279887 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hot water heating apparatus that includes a means for removing calcium components contained in water as a heat medium, prevents precipitation of scale in a heat exchanger and the like, and always maintains a heat efficient state. It is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a hot water unit including a heat exchanger and a circulation pump and having a hot water circulation path in which water is enclosed, and water in the hot water circulation path via the heat exchanger. In the hot water heating apparatus including a heat source unit configured as hot water having a predetermined temperature and a heating unit having a heat dissipation circuit included in a part of the hot water circulation path, the hot water unit does not depend on the heat source unit, and the hot water It is characterized by comprising calcium removal means for heating the water in the circulation path to 60 ° C. or higher and precipitating and removing calcium components dissolved in the water.

  As a more preferred aspect, the calcium removing means includes a joint pipe part included in the pipe of the hot water circulation path, and an electric heater for precipitation disposed in the joint pipe part so as to be immersed in water in the hot water circulation path. And a heating unit for heating the water around the precipitation electric heater to 60 ° C. or more.

  Further, it further includes a control unit that controls at least the deposition electric heater and the circulation pump, and the control unit drives the circulation pump into the hot water circulation path when the heat source unit is at rest. In a state where water is circulated, the precipitation electric heater is energized to heat the water in the hot water circulation path so that the water temperature around the precipitation electric heater is 60 ° C. or more by the precipitation electric heater. The calcium component dissolved in water is deposited around the electric heater for precipitation.

  Furthermore, the electric heater for auxiliary | assistant which heats the water in the said warm water circulation path is further provided, and the said control part energizes both each said electric heater for said precipitation and auxiliary | assistant, and heats the water in the said warm water circulation path When the water temperature reaches a predetermined temperature lower than 60 ° C., the energization of the auxiliary electric heater is turned off, and thereafter, only the deposition electric heater is energized.

  As a more preferred aspect, the calcium removing means is provided on the return path side of the hot water from the heat dissipation circuit to the heat exchanger in the hot water circulation path.

  The auxiliary electric heater is provided in the warm water circulation path on the forward path side of the warm water from the heat exchanger to the heat dissipation circuit.

  According to this, the calcium removal means is provided in a part of the hot water circulation path composed of a closed loop circuit, and the water around the precipitation heater is heated to the precipitation temperature (60 ° C.) with the precipitation heater while circulating the water. In addition, the calcium removal process, in which scale is actively deposited and adhered around it, is performed during the installation of the equipment and during maintenance with the circulating water replaced, so that this operation (heating operation normally used by users) ) Can be prevented from occurring in the heat exchanger or the like at the time, and as a result, the heat efficient state can be maintained.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the hot water heating apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the structure of the calcium removal apparatus of the said hot water heating apparatus. The flowchart which shows the flow of calcium removal. The block diagram which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the calcium removal apparatus to the outward path side piping.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the hot water heating apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hot water heating apparatus 10 includes a heat pump unit 20 that is a heat source unit, a hot water unit 30 that generates hot water using heat generated by the heat pump unit 20, and a heating terminal on the use side. And a heating unit 40 having 42.

  The heat pump unit 20 includes a compressor 21 that compresses refrigerant, a condenser 22, an expansion valve 23, and an evaporator 24, and has a refrigerant circuit in which these are connected by a refrigerant pipe 25.

  In the present invention, since the heat pump unit 20 is used as a heat source for heating, a four-way valve is not particularly required for a reversible cycle. Therefore, it is only necessary to have a minimum function that can serve as a heat source for generating hot water, and the specific configuration of each component may be arbitrarily selected according to specifications.

  The heat pump unit 20 may be a reversible cycle system that is capable of switching between cooling and heating with a four-way valve. However, in the present invention, the heat pump unit 20 is used as a heat source for heating, and therefore is reversible. A valve is not particularly required. Therefore, what is necessary is just to provide the minimum function which can become a heat source which heats the circulating water of the hot water unit 30, and the specific structure of each component may be arbitrarily selected according to the specification.

  The heat exchanger 60 is a water-refrigerant heat exchanger, and in this embodiment, the condenser 22 is placed in a tank 61 for circulating water having a predetermined volume provided in a part of the hot water circulation path 31 of the hot water unit 30. Is stored, and the circulating water is heated by the condenser 22 in the tank 61 to generate hot water. Although not shown, the heat exchanger 60 may be a double pipe heat exchanger, for example. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 60 is one of the heat source units that are targets for prevention of scale generation.

  The hot water unit 30 includes a hot water circulation path 31 through which hot water generated by the heat exchanger 60 circulates. The warm water circulation path 31 is connected to the heat radiation circuit 41 on the heating unit 40 side via the warm water connection port 31a on the forward path side (warm water delivery side) and the warm water connection port 31b on the return path side (warm water return side). In the following description, water or hot water circulating in the hot water circulation path 31 is collectively referred to as circulating water.

  As described above, a part of the hot water circulation path 31 includes the heat dissipation circuit 41 on the heating unit 40 side. It is called the hot water circuit 31 including the heat radiation circuit 41.

  Outward-side piping 311 between the heat exchanger 60 and the hot water connection port 31a in the hot water circulation path 31 is provided with an auxiliary heater device 32 that further heats the circulating water. The auxiliary heater device 32 includes a cylindrical casing 32a having a hot water inlet 32b on the upper side and a hot water outlet 32c on the lower side. Although not shown, an auxiliary electric heater is accommodated in the cylindrical casing 32a. Yes.

  When the temperature of the circulating water does not reach the predetermined temperature, the auxiliary heater device 32 is energized to the auxiliary electric heater from a power supply (not shown) to increase the temperature of the circulating water to the predetermined temperature. The energization control to the auxiliary electric heater is performed by a control unit (CPU) 70 provided in the hot water unit 30. In this embodiment, the auxiliary heater device 32 is also included in the heat source unit that is a target for prevention of scale generation.

  When the circulating water is heated by the auxiliary heater device 32, the gas generated at that time is accumulated in the cylindrical casing 32a. If the circulating water is left as it is, bubbles are mixed with the circulating water and the circulation efficiency is deteriorated. Therefore, an air vent valve 33 is provided at the upper end of the cylindrical casing 32a so that the air accumulated in the cylindrical casing 32a is discharged to the outside air.

  A strainer 34, a pressure gauge 35, an expansion tank 36, a water supply / drainage valve 37, a pressure safety valve 38, and a circulation pump 39 are arranged on the return side piping 312 extending from the hot water connection port 31b to the heat exchanger 60, respectively.

  The strainer 34 removes dust and impurities contained in the circulating water flowing in the hot water circulation path 31. The specific configuration of the strainer 34 is an optional matter in the present invention.

  The pressure gauge 35 is used to measure the pressure in the pipe in the hot water circulation path 31 that becomes a closed loop circuit when the heating unit 40 is connected. The measurement data of the pressure gauge 35 is sent to the control unit 70.

  The expansion tank 36 is a tank that absorbs the thermal expansion of the circulating water. The water supply / drainage valve 37 is provided to inject water into the hot water circulation path 31 or to drain the circulation water in the hot water circulation path 31, and has a nipple connected to a water pipe or the like and an open / close cock ( Both are not shown).

  The pressure safety valve 38 is a relief valve that forcibly opens the hot water circulation path 31 to the outside air in order to prevent the pipe from bursting when the pipe pressure in the hot water circulation path 31 exceeds a specified value due to boiling of the circulating water. It is.

  The circulation pump 39 is a pump for circulating the circulating water in the hot water circulation path 31 in one direction (clockwise in this embodiment), and its drive is controlled by the control unit 70.

  The warm water circulation path 31 of the return-side pipe 312 is further provided with a calcium removal device 50 for removing calcium components dissolved in the circulating water. Referring also to FIG. 2, the calcium removing device 50 includes a joint pipe portion 51 directly connected to a pipe between the strainer 34 and the pressure gauge 35, and a heating unit 52 detachably attached to the joint pipe portion 51. It has.

  The joint pipe portion 51 includes a metal cylindrical housing, and pipe connection ports 53 and 54 connected to the hot water circulation path 31 are provided at both ends. In this embodiment, the right side pipe connection port 53 is the upstream side, and the left side pipe connection port 54 is the downstream side. Thereby, the circulating water flows through the flow path 51a in the joint pipe 51 in the arrow direction (from right to left) shown in FIG.

  The joint pipe 51 is provided with a unit mounting portion 55 for introducing the heating unit 52 into the flow path 51 a of the joint pipe 51. The unit mounting portion 55 includes an inclined pipe portion 551 that is integrally drawn in an oblique direction along the flow direction of the circulating water from the pipe wall of the joint pipe 51, and a pipe wall of the joint pipe 51 on the downstream side of the inclined pipe portion 551. And a vertical tube portion 552 that is pulled out almost vertically as a unit, and is formed in a branched tube having an inclined axis.

  In this embodiment, the unit mounting portion 55 extends obliquely with respect to the flow direction of the circulating water (right to left in FIG. 2) and is disposed so as to oppose the flow direction.

  The heating unit 52 has a base portion 56 that is screwed to the opening of the unit mounting portion 55. The base portion 56 includes a filter portion 57 that captures dust floating in the circulating water, and a scale (calcium). A deposition heater 58 for depositing the component) is provided.

  The base 56 has a disk shape that closes the opening of the unit mounting portion 55, and a screw bolt surface (not shown) is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface. A terminal portion 561 for energizing the deposition heater 58 is provided on the other end side of the base portion 56.

  The filter portion 57 is formed by rolling a water-permeable mesh sheet into a cylindrical shape and attaching it to one end of the base portion 56. The filter portion 57 may be made of metal or resin, but a material that can withstand deformation due to heat generation of the deposition heater 58 is used. According to this, the impurity contained in circulating water can be removed simultaneously with the calcium removal process mentioned later.

The deposition heater 58 is an electric heater disposed at the center of the filter unit 57, and calcium carbonate: CaCO ₃ is deposited on the surface of the deposition heater 58 from the circulating water heated by the deposition heater 58. In this embodiment, the heating unit 52 is a screw-in type detachable unit, but may be a unit integrated with the joint pipe portion 51.

  In this embodiment, the calcium removing device 50 is disposed on the return side pipe 312 of the hot water unit 30, but on the outflow side of the auxiliary heater device 32 of the forward side pipe 311 of the hot water unit 30 as shown in FIG. 4. It may be arranged. According to this, by arrange | positioning in the outflow side of the auxiliary heater apparatus 32, it becomes possible to heat the circulating water warmed by the auxiliary heater apparatus 32 more rapidly, As a result, the removal efficiency of a scale is improved.

  The heating unit 40 includes a heat radiation circuit 41 connected to the hot water circulation path 31 on the warm water unit 30 side via the warm water connection port 31a on the forward path side and the warm water connection port 31b on the return path side. The heat dissipating circuit 41 is provided with a heating terminal 42 as a heat source utilization side. The heating terminal 42 may be, for example, a floor heating device, a radiator, a fan convector, or the like.

  Next, an example of the calcium removal procedure will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This calcium removal process is performed after the installation of the hot water heater 10 or after the circulating water in the piping is replaced during maintenance, and before the main operation for use by the user, the calcium component contained in the circulating water. Is removed in advance.

  When the installation is described, assuming that the heat pump unit 20 and the hot water unit 30 are connected in advance, a heating unit 40 is connected to the hot water unit 30 by piping, and the hot water including the heat pump unit 20, the hot water unit 30 and the heating unit 40 is powered. All power supplies of the heating device 10 are turned off (step ST1), and the air vent valve 33 of the hot water unit 30 is opened (step ST2).

  Next, a water supply pipe (not shown) is connected to the water supply / drainage valve 37, and water (for example, tap water) is poured into the hot water circulation path 31 (step ST3). At that time, after confirming the pressure gauge 35 and injecting water until the inside of the pipe reaches a specified pressure (step ST4), the water supply pipe is pulled out and the water supply / drainage valve 37 is closed (step ST5). Thus, the circulating water is poured into the hot water circulation path 31.

  After the water injection is completed, the hot water unit 30 is turned on and the calcium removal mode is selected (step ST6). At this time, the power supply of the heat pump unit 20 is off and the heat pump unit 20 is stopped.

  Thereby, the control unit 70 drives the circulation pump 39 to circulate the water in the hot water circulation path 31 (step ST7), starts energization to the precipitation heater 58 and the auxiliary heater device 32, and circulates the hot water. The circulating water in the passage 31 is heated (step ST8).

  The control unit 70 monitors the water temperature of the circulating water flowing through the joint pipe 51 of the calcium removal device 50 via a temperature sensor (not shown), and the water temperature is set to a predetermined temperature (for example, 50 ° C.) that is preset at less than 60 ° C. When it is determined that it has become (step ST9), the power supply of the auxiliary heater device 32 is turned off, and energization to the deposition heater 58 is continued (step ST10).

When the temperature of the circulating water flowing through the joint pipe 51 is 60 ° C. or higher, the calcium component (calcium hydrogen carbonate: Ca (HCO ₃ ) ₂ ) contained in the circulating water is calcium carbonate (CaCO) on the surface of the precipitation heater 58. ₃ ) It begins to precipitate as.

  Therefore, when the control unit 70 determines that the temperature of the circulating water flowing through the joint pipe 51 has reached 60 ° C. (step ST11), the control unit 70 starts a timer (not shown) and reaches a predetermined set time (for example, 30 minutes). The energization of the deposition heater 58 is continued until (step ST12). The setting of the energization time may be appropriately determined according to the amount of water and the quality of the circulating water.

  When the determination in step ST12 is YES and a predetermined set time elapses, the control unit 70 turns off both the energization of the circulation pump 39 and the deposition heater 58 (step ST13), and ends the series of calcium removal steps. .

  This calcium removal step is similarly performed before the start of the actual operation when the circulating water is replaced during maintenance or the like.

  In the above embodiment, both the auxiliary heater device 32 and the mesh screen 55 are energized to heat the circulating water to a predetermined temperature of less than 60 ° C. lower than the precipitation temperature range. Only the mesh screen 55 may be energized to heat the circulating water to 60 ° C. or higher. Such an embodiment is also included in the present invention. Further, the heat pump unit 20 may be operated to raise the temperature of the circulating water to a predetermined temperature of less than 60 °.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the heat exchange in the hot water unit 30 is performed during the main operation by depositing and removing calcium contained in the water using the calcium removing means before the start of the main operation by the user. It is possible to prevent the thermal efficiency from being reduced due to the precipitation of calcium in the vessel 60 and the auxiliary heater device 32.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hot water heating apparatus 20 Heat pump unit 21 Compressor 22 Condenser 23 Expansion valve 24 Evaporator 30 Hot water unit 31 Hot water circulation path 32 Auxiliary heater device 33 Air vent valve 34 Strainer 35 Pressure gauge 36 Expansion tank 37 Supply / drainage valve 38 Pressure safety valve 39 Circulation pump DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 40 Heating unit 41 Heat radiation circuit 42 Heating terminal 50 Calcium removal apparatus 51 Joint pipe part 52 Heating unit 53,54 Pipe connection port 55 Unit mounting part 56 Base part 57 Filter part 58 Deposition heater 60 Heat exchanger 70 Control part

Claims (6)

A hot water unit having a hot water circulation path including a heat exchanger and a circulation pump, in which water is enclosed, a heat source unit in which the water in the hot water circulation path is heated to a predetermined temperature via the heat exchanger, and the hot water In a hot water heating apparatus comprising a heating unit having a heat dissipation circuit included in a part of a circulation path,
The hot water unit includes calcium removing means for heating the water in the hot water circulation path to 60 ° C. or higher and depositing and removing calcium components dissolved in the water without using the heat source unit. A hot water heater characterized by that.   The calcium removing means includes a joint pipe part included in the pipe of the hot water circulation path, and an electric heater for deposition disposed in the joint pipe part so as to be immersed in the water in the hot water circulation path. The hot water heater according to claim 1, further comprising a heating unit that heats water around the electric heater to 60 ° C. or more.   And a control unit that controls at least the electric heater for precipitation and the circulation pump. The control unit drives the circulation pump to supply water into the hot water circulation path when the heat source unit is at rest. In the circulated state, the precipitation electric heater is energized to heat water in the hot water circulation path, and the water temperature around the precipitation electric heater is maintained at 60 ° C. or higher by the precipitation electric heater. Then, the hot water heater according to claim 2, wherein a calcium component dissolved in water is deposited around the electric heater for precipitation.   An auxiliary electric heater for heating the water in the hot water circuit, and the controller heats the water in the hot water circuit by energizing both the precipitation and auxiliary electric heaters, 4. The hot water according to claim 3, wherein when the water temperature reaches a predetermined temperature of less than 60 ° C., the energization of the auxiliary electric heater is turned off and thereafter only the deposition electric heater is energized. Heating device.   The said calcium removal means is provided in the return path side of the warm water from the said thermal radiation circuit to the said heat exchanger among the said warm water circulation paths, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. Hot water heater.   5. The auxiliary electric heater is provided on the outgoing path side of hot water from the heat exchanger to the heat radiation circuit in the hot water circulation path. 6. Hot water heating system.

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