JP2015161188A - compressor or vacuum machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor or a vacuum machine whose manufacturing cost is reduced and which secures air distribution.SOLUTION: The compressor or the vacuum machine includes a cylinder and a crankcase, a piston arranged in the cylinder and the crankcase, a motor for reciprocating the piston, and a fan to be driven by the motor, the cylinder including a cylinder body fixed to the crankcase, and a cylinder head fixed to the cylinder body, the cylinder body including a cylinder part inside which the front end of the piston is reciprocated, and a flat plate part which is formed integrally with the cylinder part to close the opening end of the cylinder part, and to which the cylinder head is fixed. It further includes a spacer for defining a chamber having a capacity increased/reduced with the reciprocating motion of the piston, together with the flat plate part, the spacer being cylindrical which is fitted into the cylinder part and inside which the front end of the piston is reciprocated.

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor or a vacuum machine.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a compressor in which a piston reciprocates in a crankcase and a cylinder.

Japanese Patent No. 5373155

  The chamber whose volume increases or decreases as the piston reciprocates is generally defined by the piston, the cylinder body, and the cylinder head. The tip of the piston reciprocates inside the cylinder body. Therefore, it is necessary to manufacture a cylinder body having a different inner diameter according to the size of the piston. For this reason, there exists a possibility that manufacturing cost may increase. On the other hand, it is conceivable to share the cylinder body by arranging a cylindrical spacer corresponding to the size of the piston in the cylinder body. However, in this case, by arranging the spacer in the cylinder body, the communication hole for ensuring the air flow between the chamber and the outside may be blocked by the spacer. For this reason, there exists a possibility that the distribution | circulation of the air between a chamber and the exterior may be prevented.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the compressor or vacuum machine which suppressed manufacture cost and ensured the distribution | circulation of air.

  The object includes a cylinder and a crankcase, a piston disposed in the cylinder and the crankcase, a motor that reciprocates the piston, and a fan that is driven by the motor. A cylinder main body fixed to a case, a cylinder head fixed to the cylinder main body, and the cylinder main body includes a cylindrical portion in which a tip end portion of the piston reciprocates, and an opening end of the cylindrical portion is closed. A cylindrical portion that is integrally formed with the cylindrical portion and to which the cylinder head is fixed, is a cylindrical shape that is fitted in the cylindrical portion, and is a cylindrical shape that reciprocates inside the cylindrical portion. A spacer for defining a chamber whose volume is increased or decreased by movement together with the flat plate portion is provided, and the flat plate portion includes the chamber and the cylinder head. A communication hole communicating with the space formed on the side is formed, the spacer is a contact surface that contacts the flat plate portion at a position away from the communication hole, a retreat surface that does not contact the flat plate portion, Can be achieved by a compressor or vacuum machine.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a compressor or a vacuum machine in which air leakage is suppressed.

FIG. 1 is an external view of a compressor. FIG. 2 is an external view of the compressor. FIG. 3 is an external view of the compressor. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the compressor. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 6A and 6B are external views of the cylinder body. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 8 is an external view of the spacer.

  1 to 4 are external views of the compressor A. FIG. The compressor A includes a crankcase 20 to which four cylinders 10a to 10d and four cylinders 10a to 10d are connected, and a motor M disposed on the upper portion of the crankcase 20. The fan F rotates as the motor M rotates. The cylinders 10 a to 10 d are fixed around the crankcase 20. The cylinders 10a to 10d are arranged radially at equal intervals around the rotation axis of the motor M. The cylinder 10a includes a cylinder body 12a fixed to the crankcase 20, and a cylinder head 15a fixed to the cylinder body 12a. As will be described in detail later, most of the cylinder body 12 a is inserted into the crankcase 20. A partition plate 14a is interposed between the cylinder body 12a and the cylinder head 15a. Similarly, the cylinders 10b to 10d also include cylinder bodies 12b to 12d and cylinder heads 15b to 15d, respectively. Partition plates 14b to 14d are interposed between the cylinder bodies 12b to 12d and the cylinder heads 15b to 15d, respectively. The cylinder 10a and the like and the crankcase 20 are made of metal, specifically, aluminum having good heat dissipation.

  A communication member 80ab is provided between the cylinders 10a and 10b and outside the crankcase 20. As shown in FIG. 3, a flow path 88ab is formed in the communication member 80ab so as to allow air to flow between the adjacent cylinders 10a and 10b. Similarly, communication members 80bc, 80cd, and 80ad are provided between the cylinders 10b and 10c, between the cylinders 10c and 10d, and between the cylinders 10a and 10d, respectively. The communication members 80bc, 80cd, and 80ad are also formed with channels 88bc, 88cd, and 88ad, respectively. The communication members 80bc, 80cd, and 80ad are the same as the communication member 80ad. A nozzle N is provided at the bottom of the communication member 80cd. The air compressed by the cylinders 10a to 10d is discharged from the nozzle N through these communication members 80ab and the like. The communication member 80ab and the like are fixed with no gap between the outer surface of the crankcase 20 and the like. For this reason, it is suppressed that the compressor A enlarges.

  Next, the internal structure of the cylinder 10a will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. The cylinder body 12a includes a cylindrical portion 121a and a flat plate portion 123a, which will be described in detail later. The cylinder part 121a is inserted into the inside through a hole formed in the outer peripheral wall of the crankcase 20. A chamber 13a is formed in the cylinder body 12a. The chamber 13a is defined by a space formed in the cylinder body 12a. As the motor M rotates, the piston 25a reciprocates to increase or decrease the volume of the chamber 13a. The root portion of the piston 25a is located in the crankcase 20, and is connected to a rotating shaft 42 that receives rotational power from the motor M via a bearing. Specifically, the root portion of the piston 25a is connected at a position eccentric with respect to the center position of the rotating shaft 42, and the piston 25a reciprocates as the rotating shaft 42 rotates in one direction. The other cylinders 10b to 10d and the other pistons 25b to 25d that move in the cylinders 10b to 10d have the same structure. The position phases of the pistons 25a to 25d are shifted every 90 degrees. The rotating shaft 42 is rotatably supported by rolling bearings BR1 and BR2 fixed in the crankcase 20.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of vent holes 22 are formed at the bottom of the crankcase 20. Air can flow through the gaps between the members in the vent hole 22. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner surface of the communication member 80ab is exposed inside the crankcase 20, and a vent hole 85 that connects the flow path 88ab and the inside of the crankcase 20 is formed on the inner surface of the communication member 80ab. Has been. As the pistons 25a to 25d reciprocate, air is introduced into the flow path 88ab of the communication member 80ab from the outside via the vent holes 22 and 85. The air introduced into the flow path 88ab flows to the cylinders 10a and 10b and is compressed, and flows to the cylinders 10c and 10d via the flow paths 88ad and 88bc of the communication members 80ad and 80bc, and is further compressed. It is discharged from the nozzle N provided at 88 cd.

  Specifically, air flows as follows. The volume of the chamber 13a is changed by the reciprocation of the piston 25a. Accordingly, air is introduced from the communication member 80ab into the chamber 13a of the cylinder 10a and compressed by the piston 25a. The air compressed in the chamber 13a flows into a flow path 18a defined between the partition plate 14a and the cylinder head 15a through a hole formed in the cylinder body 12a and the partition plate 14a. The flow path 18a corresponds to a space in the cylinder head 15a. The channel 18a communicates with the channel 88ad of the communication member 80ad. The air that has flowed to the communication member 80ad side is further compressed by the cylinder 10d and discharged from the nozzle N provided on the communication member 80cd. The same applies to the cylinders 10b and 10c.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the cylinder body 12c, the partition plate 14c, the cylinder head 15c, and the flow path 18c on the cylinder 10c side are the same as the cylinder 10a, but there are the following differences. The tip of the piston 25c is smaller than the tip of the piston 25a. A cylindrical spacer 90 made of metal is fitted in the cylinder body 12c. The tip of the piston 25c reciprocates within the spacer 90. The cylinder body 12c, the spacer 90, and the tip of the piston 25c define a chamber 13c, and the volume of the chamber 13c increases or decreases as the piston 25c reciprocates. The tip portions of the pistons 25a and 25b have the same size, and the tip portions of the pistons 25c and 25d have the same size. For this reason, a similar spacer 90 is fitted in the cylinder body 12d. The details of the spacer 90 will be described later.

  6A and 6B are external views of the cylinder body 12a. The cylinder body 12a is the same as the other cylinder bodies 12b to 12c. The cylinder body 12a includes a flat plate portion 123a that is integrally formed with the cylindrical portion 121a so as to close the open ends of the cylindrical cylindrical portions 121a and 121a. The flat plate portion 123a is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 121a. As shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical portion 121a is inserted into the crankcase 20, and the flat plate portion 123a is exposed to the outside from the crankcase 20 and It is fixed to the outer surface. The partition plate 14a and the cylinder head 15a are fixed to the outside of the flat plate portion 123a. A plurality of fixing screw holes are provided in the flat plate portion 123a.

  Communication holes 125a and 126a are formed in a portion of the flat plate portion 123a surrounded by the cylinder portion 121a. A valve member 15aV is provided in the communication hole 125a. A groove 124a for a seal member is formed outside the flat plate portion 123a so as to surround the communication holes 125a and 126a. A groove 127a for a seal member is also formed between the communication holes 125a and 126a. The communication holes 125a and 126a are examples of first communication holes that allow the chamber 13a and the flow path 18a to communicate with each other. The partition plate 14a disposed between the flat plate portion 123a and the cylinder head 15a is also provided with communication holes corresponding to the communication holes 125a and 126a.

  The flat plate portion 123a is provided with communication holes 128ab and 128ad. The communication hole 128ab communicates the flow path 18a with the flow path 88ab of the communication member 80ab. Similarly, the communication hole 128ad allows communication between the flow path 18a and the flow path 88ad of the communication member 80ad. The communication holes 128ab and 128ad are an example of second communication holes. The partition plate 14a is also provided with communication holes corresponding to the communication holes 128ad and 128bd.

  When the cylinder body 12a and the like are assembled to the crankcase 20, the cylindrical portion 121a may be inserted into the crankcase 20 until the flat plate portion 123a contacts the outer surface of the crankcase 20. For this reason, the flat plate portion 123a functions as a positioning portion that defines the insertion position of the cylinder body 12a into the crankcase 20. For this reason, the workability of assembling the cylinder bodies 12a to 12d to the crankcase 20 is improved.

  The chamber 13a is defined by a cylinder body 12a which is a single member. This is because the cylindrical portion 121a and the flat plate portion 123a are integrally formed. For this reason, for example, when the cylinder part 121a and the flat plate part 123a are formed as separate parts, the compressed air may leak from the gap between the cylinder part 121a and the flat plate part 123a. Further, when the chamber is defined by the cylinder body and the cylinder head which are separate members as in the conventional structure, air may leak from the gap between the two members. Thus, noise may increase due to air leakage. In the present embodiment, since the chamber 13a is defined by the cylinder body 12a which is a single member, such air is also prevented from leaking and noise is also suppressed.

  Next, the spacer 90 will be described. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 8 is an external view of the spacer 90. A groove portion 92 for a seal member is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the spacer 90, and a ring-shaped seal member S is disposed in the groove portion 92 of the spacer 90. From the gap between the outer peripheral portion of the spacer 90 and the inner peripheral portion of the cylindrical portion 121c. The air is prevented from leaking.

  The spacer 90 has an inner diameter set in accordance with the size of the piston 25c. Thus, by preparing the spacer 90 corresponding to the size of the piston 25c, even when the pistons 25a and 25c having different tip end sizes are used for the same compressor A, the same cylinder body 12a is used. 12c can be used. Thereby, it is not necessary to manufacture a cylinder body having a different size for each piston having a different size, and an increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  An outer peripheral surface 94 and a retracting surface 95 are formed on the surface of the spacer 90 facing the flat plate portion 123c. The outer peripheral surface 94 is formed in a circular shape on the outer peripheral edge of the spacer 90. The retracting surface 95 is formed inside the outer peripheral surface 94 and is formed at a position slightly lower than the outer peripheral surface 94. The outer peripheral surface 94 of the spacer 90 contacts the flat plate portion 123c at a position away from the communication holes 125c and 126c formed in the flat plate portion 123c. The retracting surface 95 is retracted from the flat plate portion 123c and does not contact. In the example of FIG. 7, the communication holes 125 c and 126 c are located inside the spacer 90. For example, even when a spacer having a smaller inner diameter is employed, the spacers block the communication holes 125c and 126c as long as the outer peripheral surface is separated from the communication holes 125c and 126c and the retraction surface does not contact the flat plate portion 123c. Can be prevented. Further, even if the positions and sizes of the communication holes 125c and 126c are changed, the communication holes 125c and 126c are prevented from being blocked as long as the outer peripheral surface 94 of the spacer 90 is separated from the communication holes 125c and 126c. Thus, since the spacer 90 prevents the communication holes 125c and 126c from being blocked, the space between the chamber 13c and the flow path 18c, which is a space formed on the cylinder head 15c side, through the communication holes 125c and 126c. Air circulation between them is ensured. The outer peripheral surface 94 is an example of a contact surface. The contact surface may be a surface other than the outer peripheral edge of the spacer.

  In this embodiment, the partition plate 14a is provided between the cylinder body 12a and the cylinder head 15a. However, the cylinder body 12a and the cylinder head 15a may be directly fixed without providing the partition plate 14a.

  Moreover, as another case where the compressor A is used as a vacuum machine, it functions as a vacuum machine by connecting the target device to the vent 22 side.

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments, and modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims. Is possible.

A Compressor M Motor 10a-10d Cylinder 12a-12d Cylinder body 15a-15d Cylinder head 18a, 18c Flow path 20 Crankcase 25a-25d Piston 80ab, 80bc, 80cd, 80ad Communicating member 88ab, 88bc, 88cd, 88ad Flow path 90 Spacer 94 Outer peripheral surface 95 Retraction surface 121a, 121c Tube portion 123a, 123c Flat plate portion 125a, 126a, communication hole

Claims (1)

A cylinder and a crankcase;
A piston disposed in the cylinder and crankcase;
A motor for reciprocating the piston;
With
The cylinder includes a cylinder body fixed to the crankcase, a cylinder head fixed to the cylinder body,
The cylinder main body includes a cylindrical portion in which a tip portion of the piston reciprocates inside, a flat plate portion integrally formed with the cylindrical portion so as to close an opening end of the cylindrical portion, and to which the cylinder head is fixed.
A cylindrical shape fitted into the cylindrical portion, a cylindrical shape in which a tip portion of the piston reciprocates inside, and a spacer that defines a chamber whose volume is increased or decreased by the reciprocating motion of the piston together with the flat plate portion,
The flat plate portion is formed with a communication hole that communicates the chamber and a space formed on the cylinder head side,
The said spacer is a compressor or vacuum machine containing the contact surface which contact | abutted to the said flat plate part in the position away from the said communication hole, and the retraction | saving surface which does not contact | abut the said flat plate part.

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