JP2015160593A - ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ship capable of promptly securing stability when damaged.SOLUTION: A ship comprises: a hull 2 including sidewalls 3 on a starboard side and a port side, respectively and a bottom 4; a space formation section 6 for forming an inner space A near the bottom 4 within the hull 2; and two air vent pipes 10 each having a lower end portion 11 opening to the internal space A and an upper end portion 12 opening to an outer space above the inner space A, and communicating the inner space A with the outer space, the upper end portions 12 of the two air vent pipes 10 differing in height position.

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship.

  Ships such as ferry, RORO (Roll-оn / roll-off ship), PCTC (Pure Car & Truck Carrier), etc. have been improved by the 2009 SOLAS Convention, and the safety level at the time of damage has been enhanced. It is necessary to take measures to ensure this.

As a method for ensuring the stability of the hull when it is damaged, it is effective to lower the center of gravity by introducing seawater that has been submerged in the hull due to damage into the space below the double bottom.
Here, the space in the hull is often communicated with the outside of the left and right side walls of the hull via an air vent pipe (see, for example, Patent Document 1). There is known a technique for introducing seawater into a space in a ship body at the time of damage by positioning such an opening in the side wall of the air vent pipe below a final water line in a final equilibrium state at the time of ship damage.

JP 2008-201308 A

  However, when trying to introduce seawater into the compartment inside the hull using the air vent pipe as described above, there is generally no air escape in the closed compartment, so the seawater can be smoothly poured into the space. It becomes difficult to introduce smoothly. Therefore, it is not possible to quickly ensure the stability of the damage.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, Comprising: It aims at providing the ship which can ensure the restoration property at the time of damage rapidly.

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
That is, the ship according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a hull including a left and right side wall and a ship bottom, a space forming portion that forms an internal space on the ship bottom side in the hull, and a lower end portion of the hull. A plurality of communication pipes that open to the space and whose upper end portion opens to the external space above the internal space and communicates the internal space and the external space, and at least two of the plurality of communication pipes. The height positions of the upper end portions of the two communication pipes are different from each other.

  As a result, among the communication pipes having different heights of the upper opening, while introducing seawater into the internal space through the communication pipe having the lower height of the upper opening, the internal space is introduced through the communication pipe having the higher height of the upper opening. The air can be discharged to the outside.

  In the said ship, it is preferable that the height position of one upper side edge part of said two communicating pipes is above the last water line in the final equilibrium state after damage.

  As a result, the opening at the upper end of one of the communication pipes is always above the water surface, so that the air in the internal space can be reliably discharged to the outside.

  In the said ship, it is preferable that the height position of the other upper end part of the said two communicating pipes is above the psoriasis deck and below the final water line in the final equilibrium state after damage.

  As a result, the upper end portion of the other communication pipe is located above the water line when not damaged, so that inadvertent introduction of seawater into the internal space can be avoided, while it is located below the water line when damaged. Therefore, seawater can be smoothly introduced into the internal space via the communication pipe.

  In the ship, the communication pipe is preferably an air vent pipe that guides air in the internal space to the external space when liquid is introduced into the internal space.

  By using the communication pipe used as an air vent pipe when it is not damaged for introducing seawater and discharging air when it is damaged, the equipment can be used effectively.

  According to the ship of the present invention, it is possible to quickly ensure the stability at the time of damage.

It is a typical side view at the time of non-damage of a ship in an embodiment. It is a typical side view at the time of damage of a ship in an embodiment. It is a typical side view at the time of damage of a ship in the 1st modification. It is a typical side view at the time of damage of a ship in the 2nd modification.

Hereinafter, a ship 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ship 1 includes a hull 2, a space forming portion 6, and an air vent pipe 10 (communication pipe). The ship type of the ship 1 is not restricted to a specific thing, For example, various ship types, such as a ferry, a RORO ship, PCTC, can be employ | adopted.

  The hull 2 has a pair of side walls 3 made of ship side skins that form the left and right sides, respectively, and a ship bottom 4 made of a ship bottom 4 skin that connects these side walls 3. In the hull 2, a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the bow-stern direction is formed in a substantially box shape by the pair of side walls 3 and the ship bottom 4.

  Inside the hull 2, a freeboard deck 5 extending in the horizontal direction is provided. The freeboard deck 5 is generally the lowermost all deck, and is located above the full waterline W1 during normal navigation. For example, when the ship 1 is a RORO ship, the plinth deck 5 serves as a boarding deck for the vehicle. In addition to the plinth deck 5, various decks are provided above and below the plinth deck 5 inside the hull 2.

  The space forming portion 6 is provided at a position close to the ship bottom 4 on the side of the ship bottom 4 inside the hull 2, that is, a part below the plinth deck 5. The space forming part 6 forms an internal space A inside thereof. The space forming unit 6 passes, for example, a fuel tank for storing fuel, a ballast tank for storing ballast water, a fresh water tank for storing fresh water, a filth treatment space for storing filth, and a pipe. Pipe ducts, stabilizer chambers, empty spaces, etc.

  In other words, the space forming portion 6 may be of any configuration as long as the internal space A can be formed in the bottom 4 type inside the hull 2. Therefore, any configuration capable of forming the internal space A existing in the existing ship 1 may be used as the space forming part 6, and a separate space forming part 6 is provided as a member for newly forming the internal space A in the ship 1. May be.

  The air vent pipe 10 is a pipe that connects the internal space A of the space forming portion 6 and the external space outside the space forming portion 6. For example, when the contents are introduced into the air vent pipe 10 such that the space forming portion 6 is a fuel tank, a ballast tank, a fresh water tank, etc. It has a role to discharge. Moreover, when the space formation part 6 is a pipe duct, a waste disposal space, a void, etc., it has a role for circulating the air in these spaces.

  The lower end 11, which is one end of both ends of the air vent pipe 10, is connected to the space forming part 6, and the internal space A in the space forming part 6 and the hollow part inside the air vent pipe 10 are It is in a communication state. The upper end 12 which is the other end of both ends of the air vent pipe 10 is connected to an external space outside the internal space A of the space forming portion 6 above the space forming portion 6, and The space and the hollow portion inside the air vent pipe 10 are in communication with each other. As a result, the internal space A and the external space are in communication with each other through the hollow portion of the air vent pipe 10.

  In the present embodiment, the lower end portion 11 of the air vent tube 10 is open on the upper surface of the space forming portion 6. Further, the upper end portion 12 of the air vent pipe 10 opens to the port side wall 3 of the hull 2, that is, is connected to the outer space with the space outside the side wall 3 of the hull 2 as an external space. The opening to the side wall 3 that is the upper end of the air vent pipe 10 is located above the space forming part 6.

  Two such air vent pipes 10 are provided in this embodiment. These two air vent pipes 10 are arranged at intervals in the bow-stern direction. The upper end portions 12 of the two air vent pipes 10 are opened upward from the freeboard deck 5, respectively.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, one of the two air vent pipes 10 (the air vent pipe 10 on the bow side) has an upper end 12 whose final water line W2 is in a final equilibrium state after damage. It opens upwards. Here, the “final water line W2 in the final equilibrium state after damage” means the position of the water line when the hull 2 is in a final equilibrium state as a result of damage to the hull 2 and partial inundation. It shows that. Such a final water line W2 is a water line position set in advance by simulating various damage patterns / inundation cases in the design stage of the ship 1, and is located above the plinth deck 5. .

  On the other hand, the other of the two air vent pipes 10 (the air vent pipe 10 on the stern side) has an upper end 12 above the plinth deck 5 and in the final equilibrium state after damage. It opens in the range below the water line W2. That is, the upper end portion 12 of the other air vent pipe 10 is located between the dry deck 5 and the final water line W2 in the final equilibrium state after damage.

Next, the effect | action of the ship 1 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
During normal navigation in which the ship 1 is not damaged, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper end portions 12 of the two air vent pipes 10 that open upward from the plinth deck 5 are above the full load water line W1, respectively. Is located. Therefore, seawater (liquid) is not introduced into the air vent pipe 10 from the upper end portion 12 of the air vent pipe 10, and the air vent pipe 10 can fulfill the role as the air vent pipe 10.

  On the other hand, for example, when the outer plate of the hull 2 is damaged, the water gradually advances into the hull 2, and finally the final water in the final equilibrium state after the damage as shown in FIG. The hull 2 is sunk to the line W2. At this time, since the upper end 12 of one of the two air vent pipes 10 is opened above the final water line W2, the air vent pipe 10 is vented from the upper end 12 thereof. Seawater is not introduced into the pipe 10. On the other hand, since the upper end 12 of the other air vent pipe 10 of the two air vent pipes 10 opens below the final water line W2, the upper end 12 of the air vent pipe 10 passes through the upper end 12 of the air vent pipe 10. Seawater is introduced into the air vent pipe 10.

  As a result, the seawater introduced into the other air vent pipe 10 is introduced into the internal space A in the space forming portion 6 via the air vent pipe 10. Accordingly, the air originally in the internal space A in the space forming portion 6 passes through one air vent tube 10 from the upper end 12 of the air vent tube 10 to the outside of the side wall 3 of the hull 2. It is discharged into the space, that is, the external space. Accordingly, seawater is sequentially introduced into the internal space A while air is discharged from the internal space A.

  When seawater is introduced into the internal space A, the center of gravity of the ship 1 is further shifted to the bottom side by the weight of the seawater. And when the center of gravity is lowered in this way, generally the stability of the ship 1 is increased. Thereby, the safety level of the ship 1 at the time of damage can be improved.

  Here, in the general ship, when the some air vent pipe is provided, the opening of the upper side edge part is set to the same height with all the air vent pipes. Therefore, even if this air vent pipe becomes below the water line, seawater is going to be introduced from any air vent pipe, and as a result, there is no path for extracting alternative air, and seawater is smoothly introduced. The center of gravity cannot be lowered.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the heights of the two air vent pipes 10 are made different from each other, so that seawater is introduced into the internal space A through one air vent pipe 10 and the other air vent pipe 10 is introduced. The air originally in the internal space A can be discharged to the external space. As a result, seawater can be smoothly and quickly introduced into the internal space A, and as a result, the center of gravity of the ship 1 can be quickly lowered to increase the safety level of the ship 1.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.

For example, as a first modification, a configuration as shown in FIG. 3 may be used.
In the first modified example, a plurality of (two in the first modified example) space forming portions 6 are provided in the hull 2 so as to be spaced apart in the bow-stern direction. Accordingly, a plurality (two in the first modified example) of the internal space A are also formed apart from each other in the bow-stern direction. In each of the two internal spaces A, two air vent pipes 10 that connect the internal space A and the external space are provided. Also by this, since the seawater can be smoothly and smoothly introduced into each of the plurality of internal spaces A as in the embodiment, the stability of the ship 1 can be improved quickly.

  Note that the two air vent pipes 10 having different heights of the upper end 12 need to have their lower ends 11 communicating with the same internal space A. Accordingly, air can be discharged from the internal space A while introducing seawater into the internal space A, so that the stability of the ship 1 can be improved quickly.

For example, as a second modification, the configuration shown in FIG. 4 may be used.
In the embodiment, the upper end portions 12 of the two air vent pipes 10 are each open to the port side wall 3, whereas in the present modification, the upper end portion 12 of one air vent pipe 10 is the port side wall. 3 and the upper end 12 of the other air vent pipe 10 is open to the starboard side wall 3.
Also by this, since the seawater can be introduced through the other air vent pipe 10 while discharging air through the one air vent pipe 10 as in the embodiment, the stability of the ship 1 can be improved quickly. .

  In addition, although embodiment and each modification demonstrated the example in which the two air vent pipes 10 were provided with respect to one internal space A, it is not limited to this. Three or more plural air vent pipes 10 may be provided. In this case, the height positions of the upper end portions 12 of at least two of the plurality of air vent pipes 10 of three or more may be different. Also by this, like the embodiment, the center of gravity of the ship 1 can be quickly lowered at the time of damage.

  Further, in the embodiment and the modification, the example in which the upper end 12 of the air vent pipe 10 is opened in the side wall 3 of the hull 2 has been described, but any location as long as the upper end 12 is above the freeboard deck 5. May be open. For example, the upper end 12 of the air vent pipe 10 may be opened on the freeboard deck 5, or may be opened on a deck above the freeboard deck 5. However, the other air vent pipe 10 of the two air vent pipes 10, that is, the upper end portion 12 of the air vent pipe 10 into which seawater is introduced at the time of damage may be open to a place where the water hull 2 is submerged. preferable. Thereby, seawater can be reliably introduced into the internal space A at the time of damage.

  Further, in the embodiment and the modification, the example in which seawater is introduced into the internal space A and the air is discharged from the internal space A via the two air vent pipes 10 has been described. It may be a communication pipe such as a pipe or a hole that allows the internal space A and the external space to communicate with each other. Therefore, not only the existing communication pipe is applied to the present invention but also a role as a communication pipe by separately forming a pipe and a hole, that is, introduction of seawater into the internal space A and air from the internal space A Ejection may be performed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship 2 Hull 3 Side wall 4 Ship bottom 5 Drying deck 6 Space formation A Internal space 10 Air vent pipe (communication pipe)
11 Lower end 12 Upper end W1 Full load water line W2 Final water line

Claims (4)

The hull including the left and right side walls and the ship bottom;
A space forming portion that forms an internal space on the ship bottom side in the hull;
A plurality of communication pipes having a lower end opening in the internal space, an upper end opening in an external space above the internal space, and communicating the internal space and the external space;
With
Ships having different height positions of upper end portions of at least two communication pipes in the plurality of communication pipes.   The ship according to claim 1, wherein a height position of one upper end portion of the two communication pipes is higher than a final water line in a final equilibrium state after damage.   The ship according to claim 2, wherein a height position of the other upper end portion of the two communication pipes is above the psoriasis deck and below the final water line in the final equilibrium state after the damage.   The ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the communication pipe is an air vent pipe that guides air in the internal space to the external space when liquid is introduced into the internal space.

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