JP2015151501A - Carbonization apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization apparatus for carbonizing organic substances with use of a catalyst, capable of continuously and efficiently processing a large amount of organic substances.SOLUTION: The carbonization apparatus includes: a dry organic substance tank 21 for storing dry organic substances; a carbonization catalyst tank 22 for storing a carbonization catalyst; a rotary kiln 24 having an agitation blade 48 on the inner wall face, and a heating unit 44 and a rotation unit 46 on the outside; a dry organic substance introduction pipe 26 for introducing dry organic substances from the organic substance tank 21 to the inlet of the rotary kiln 24; and a carbonization catalyst introduction pipe 30 for introducing a carbonization catalyst from the carbonization catalyst tank 22 to the inlet of the rotary kiln 24. The agitation blade 48 is disposed inclined to the longitudinal direction of the rotary kiln such that the dry organic substances and the carbonization catalyst introduced from the inlet of the rotary kiln 24 are sent to the outlet.

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for carbonizing an organic substance using a catalyst.

Various proposals have been made on how to treat organic substances containing moisture such as food residues discharged from food factories.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a drying apparatus for drying raw okara to make feed or fertilizer.

Although food residues can be reused for feed and fertilizer as described above, there has been a demand for a method for efficiently treating organic substances containing moisture that is not food, such as cow dung discharged in large quantities at pastures and the like. .
There is also a demand for efficient treatment of not only organic matter containing moisture but also ordinary combustible waste, such as used cracks and plastic for lunch boxes.

Therefore, Patent Document 2 discloses a catalyst for efficiently carbonizing an organic substance.
According to the catalyst described in Patent Document 2, the organic substance can be carbonized in a short time by mixing the organic substance and the catalyst and heating at a relatively low temperature. The carbide carbonized using the catalyst can be widely used such as activated carbon, fuel, soil conditioner and the like.

JP 2002-350057 A JP 2011-143396 A

  It has been found that the organic substance can be efficiently carbonized by using the catalyst disclosed in Patent Document 2, but there has been a problem of how to use it when industrially treating a large amount of organic substance efficiently. .

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization apparatus that can efficiently process a large amount of organic matter industrially when carbonizing the organic matter using a catalyst. It is in.

According to the carbonization apparatus of the present invention, the dry organic matter tank for storing the dry organic matter, the carbonization catalyst tank for storing the carbonization catalyst, the stirring blades are disposed on the inner wall surface, and the heating device and the rotation device are provided on the outside. A rotary kiln; a dry organic matter introduction pipe for introducing dry organic matter from the organic substance tank to the rotary kiln inlet; and a carbonization catalyst introduction pipe for introducing a carbonization catalyst from the carbonization catalyst tank to the rotary kiln inlet, The stirring blade is characterized in that it is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rotary kiln so as to send the dry organic matter and the carbonization catalyst introduced from the inlet of the rotary kiln to the outlet.
By adopting this configuration, the dried organic matter is heated and stirred together with the carbonization catalyst in the rotary kiln, so that the organic matter in contact with the carbonization catalyst is efficiently carbonized. Moreover, carbonization can be continuously performed by performing carbonization using a rotary kiln.

A particle size separator provided at an outlet of the rotary kiln, for separating discharge from the rotary kiln by particle size; and a return pipe for returning the large-diameter discharge separated by the particle size separator to the carbonization catalyst tank. It is good also as comprising.
According to this configuration, the large-diameter emission is either the carbonized organic component or the carbonization catalyst, but in the case of the carbonized organic matter, it is returned to the carbonization catalyst tank for further refinement, and is also a carbonization catalyst. In some cases, it can be returned to the carbonization catalyst tank for reuse.

Further, the return pipe may be provided with a reactivation device for spraying or immersing an activation liquid on a large-diameter discharge returned to the carbonization catalyst tank to reactivate the carbonization catalyst. Good.
According to this configuration, the carbonization ability of the carbonization catalyst reused by the activation liquid can be increased.

Further, the stirring blade may have a shape protruding inward from the inner wall surface of the rotary kiln, and a tip portion thereof may be bent.
According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent the mixture of the dry organic matter and the carbonization catalyst on the stirring blade inside the rotary kiln from immediately falling from the stirring blade.

The rotary kiln may be arranged to penetrate through the rotary kiln and rotate with the rotary kiln and heated by a second heating device.
According to this structure, since the mixture of the dry organic substance and carbonization catalyst which contact an internal heating blade | wing is heated with stirring, carbonization can be performed more efficiently.

Further, the internal heating blade has a hollow inside, and the second heating device is a burner, and the internal heating blade is heated by radiating flame to the hollow portion of the internal heating blade. It may be a feature.
According to this structure, a dry organic substance and a carbonization catalyst can be efficiently heated with a simple structure.

  According to the present invention, a large amount of organic matter can be processed continuously and efficiently.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole structure of the carbonization apparatus concerning this invention. It is a top view of a rotary kiln. It is sectional drawing which looked at the rotary kiln from the longitudinal direction front. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of a rotary kiln.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the carbonization apparatus. FIG. 2 is a side view of the rotary kiln that constitutes the carbonization apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary kiln viewed from the entrance side.

The carbonization device 20 is a device that carbonizes dry organic matter, and includes a dry organic matter tank 21 that stores the dry organic matter, a carbonization catalyst tank 22 that stores a carbonization catalyst, and a rotary kiln 24.
In the present embodiment, it is assumed that cow dung is discharged as dry organic matter at a pasture. However, the dry organic matter is not limited to a specific one.

Further, the carbonization catalyst for efficiently carbonizing the dry organic matter is the same as described in the conventional technology (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-143396), and charcoal such as granular activated carbon, carbon powder, Bincho charcoal in concentrated sulfuric acid or fuming sulfuric acid. And sulfonated at a temperature of 160 to 200 ° C.
In addition, the wood piece which carried out the intramolecular dehydration of the surface layer part in concentrated sulfuric acid or fuming sulfuric acid may be put, and it may be obtained by sulfonation at a temperature of 160 to 200 ° C.
By simply mixing such a carbonization catalyst and an organic substance and heating at a low temperature of about 100 to 120 ° C., the organic substance is carbonized in a short time.

An inlet pipe 25 communicating with a drying apparatus (not shown) is connected to the upper part of the dry organic matter tank 21. The dried cow dung (dried organic matter) is sent to the dried organic matter tank 21 through the introduction tube 25. In addition, as the carbonization apparatus 20 of this invention, the introduction pipe 25 does not need to be provided.
A dry organic matter introduction pipe 26 is connected between the lower portion of the dry organic matter tank 21 and the inlet 28 of the rotary kiln 24.
The lower portion of the dry organic matter tank 21 and the inlet 28 of the rotary kiln 24 may be positioned above the lower portion of the dry organic matter tank 21, and the dry organic matter may be supplied to the inlet 28 of the rotary kiln 24 by natural fall.

A carbonization catalyst introduction pipe 30 is connected between the lower part of the carbonization catalyst tank 22 and the dry organic matter introduction pipe 26. A connecting part 31 is provided in the middle of the dry organic matter introducing pipe 26, and the tip of the carbonization catalyst introducing pipe 30 is connected to the connecting part 31.
However, the carbonization catalyst introduction pipe 30 may be directly connected to the inlet 28 of the rotary kiln 24 instead of being connected to the middle part of the dry organic matter introduction pipe 26. In this case, both the dry organic matter introduction pipe 26 and the carbonization catalyst introduction pipe 30 are connected to the inlet 28 of the rotary kiln 24.

The rotary kiln 24 is a cylindrical rotating kiln, and introduces a dry organic substance and a carbonization catalyst, which are carbonized objects, and heats them while stirring them.
The detailed configuration of the rotary kiln 24 will be described later.

Below the outlet 32 of the rotary kiln 24, a particle size separator 34 is provided that separates the discharge discharged from the rotary kiln 24 by particle size.
The particle size sorter 34 has a mesh portion 36 having a predetermined size, and is disposed so that the discharge from the outlet 32 of the rotary kiln 24 falls on the mesh portion 36. The mesh portion 36 is driven to vibrate in the horizontal direction by the driving device 37, so that the discharged matter can be separated.

  Below the mesh portion 36 of the particle size separator 34, a product moving pipe 39 is provided for moving the waste that has passed through the mesh portion 36 to the product tank 38. It is preferable to provide conveying means such as a screw conveyor or a chain conveyor in the product moving tube 39 so that the discharged product (carbide) as a product can be moved well.

A return pipe 40 is connected between the upper part of the mesh part 36 of the particle size separator 34 and the carbonization catalyst tank 22.
The return pipe 40 is a pipe for returning the large-diameter discharged material that could not pass through the mesh portion 36 to the carbonization catalyst tank 22, and has a conveying means such as a screw conveyor or a chain conveyor provided therein.
Since the large-diameter effluent may be a dry organic carbide or the carbonization catalyst itself, it should be fined again in the rotary kiln 24 or returned to the carbonization catalyst tank 22 to reuse the carbonization catalyst. Yes.

In the middle of the return pipe 40, a reactivation device 42 is provided for reactivating the exhaust gas returned to the carbonization catalyst tank 22 as a catalyst.
The reactivation device 42 is provided to spray the acidic liquid on the carbide in the return pipe 40 or to immerse the carbide in the return pipe 40 in the acidic liquid. As the acidic liquid, sulfuric acid or the like is used.

In the present embodiment, as the large-diameter emission, the dry organic carbide or the carbonization catalyst is returned to the carbonization catalyst tank 22 by the return pipe 40 without distinction. In order to distinguish and return, two return pipes, a return pipe for the dried organic carbide and a return pipe for the carbonization catalyst, may be provided (not shown).
In this case, the carbonization catalyst return pipe may be connected to the carbonization catalyst tank 22, and the dry organic substance return pipe may be connected to the dry organic substance introduction pipe 26 or the carbonization catalyst introduction pipe 30.

Next, the configuration of the rotary kiln will be described.
The rotary kiln 24 is substantially cylindrical and has an outer wall 24a disposed on the outer side and a hexagonal inner wall 24b disposed inside the outer wall 24a and viewed from the front in the axial direction. A heating device 44 and a rotation device 46 are provided on the outer wall 24a.

As the heating device 44, an electric heater provided so as not to contact the outer wall 24a of the rotary kiln 24 can be employed. The heating device 44 is not limited to an electric heater, and may be any device that can be heated by other methods such as a fossil fuel burner, a heated liquid / gas, or steam.
The inside of the rotary kiln 24 is heated to about 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. by the heating device 44.

  The rotating device 46 includes a plurality of rotating rollers that are in contact with the outer wall surface 24 a of the rotary kiln 24. However, the rotating device 46 is not limited to a rotating roller.

The rotary kiln 24 of the present embodiment has a hexagonal shape when viewed from the front by the inner wall 24b, but the inner wall 24b may not be formed in a hexagonal shape.
A plurality of stirring blades 48 projecting inward are provided on the inner wall 24b. As shown in a part of FIG. 2, the stirring blade 48 is provided so as to protrude inward perpendicularly to each wall surface of the inner wall 24 b. In addition, the tip end portion (inward side end portion) of the stirring blade 48 is formed with a fall prevention wall 49 that protrudes in the rotation direction. The fall prevention wall 49 may be formed so as to be perpendicular to the main body surface of the stirring blade 48 or at an angle of 90 degrees or more. In FIG. 3, only the part where the fall prevention wall 49 is formed on a part of the stirring blades 48 on the right side is illustrated, but when the fall prevention wall 49 is actually provided, it is provided on all the stirring blades 48. preferable.

Further, inside the rotary kiln 24, there are provided internal heating blades 50 that are disposed so as to penetrate the axial direction, rotate together with the rotary kiln 24, and are heated by a second heating device (not shown).
The internal heating blade 50 is a cross-shaped blade as viewed from the front in the axial direction, and a rotation shaft 52 is provided at the center. More specifically, the cross-shaped blade of the internal heating blade 50 is formed with a semicircular recess 54 that is integrated with an adjacent blade.

The internal heating blade 50 has a hollow inside and is heated from the inside by a burner as an example of a second heating device. For example, the burner may be provided at the outlet 32 of the rotary kiln 24 so as to be able to inject flame in the position direction.
In this manner, the rotary kiln 24 is heated by the internal heating blade 50 and externally by the heating device 44, so that the carbonization process using the carbonization catalyst can be performed reliably.

The internal heating blade 50 rotates following the rotary kiln 24 rotated by the rotating device 46 because the end of the rotary shaft 52 penetrating the central portion is connected to the outer wall 24a or the inner wall 24b of the rotary kiln 24.
The internal heating blade 50 may be provided with a rotating device such as a motor separate from the rotating device 46.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary kiln 24 rotates counterclockwise, and the internal heating blade 50 also rotates counterclockwise following this. The dry organic matter and the carbonization catalyst introduced into the rotary kiln 24 ride on the stirring blade 48, rise to a predetermined position, and when the stirring blade 48 is inclined, the dry organic matter and the carbonization catalyst on the stirring blade 48 are internally heated. It falls into the 50 recesses 54. As the rotation continues, the dried organic matter and the carbonization catalyst in the recess 54 fall onto the stirring blade 48 when the recess 54 of the internal heating blade 50 faces downward.
Thus, the dry organic matter and the carbonization catalyst are stirred while being heated.

The rotary kiln 24 of the present embodiment is provided by connecting three cylindrical members 61, 61, 61 in the axial direction. Thus, the reason for connecting the plurality of tubular members 61 is to maintain the strength of the tubular member that is long in the axial direction.
As shown in FIG. 4, a partition plate 60 is provided between one cylindrical member and an adjacent cylindrical member. In the center of the partition plate 60, a through hole 62 for moving the dry organic matter and the carbonization catalyst in the outlet direction is formed. The internal heating blade 50 described above is arranged for each cylindrical member 61 and connected by a single rotating shaft 52.

A plurality of stirring blades 48 attached to the inner wall 24b in each cylindrical member 61 are attached to each of the hexagonal plane portions along the longitudinal direction of each plane portion. The three stirring blades 48 attached to the respective plane portions are arranged with their positions shifted in the circumferential direction. As the shifted positions, the stirring blade 48a on the most inlet side in each plane portion is the tip end side in the rotation direction, the stirring blade 48b in the center in the longitudinal direction is the center in the circumferential direction in the plane portion, and the stirring blade 48c on the outlet side in the rotation direction. This is the rear end side. Thus, by setting the number of stirring blades to a plurality of lengths in the longitudinal direction, it is possible to disperse the weight when contents are deposited on the stirring blades, and to prevent damage and the like.
However, the number of stirring blades is not limited to the number described above.

In addition, each stirring blade 48 is inclined at the end on the outlet direction side so that the dried organic matter and the carbonization catalyst are directed toward the outlet. By comprising in this way, a dry organic substance and a carbonization catalyst will fall easily from the edge part by the side of an exit direction, and a dry organic substance and a carbonization catalyst can be made to face an exit direction.
For this reason, the stirring blade 48 can have both functions of feeding and stirring.

  Of the stirring blades in each cylindrical member 61, the outlet-side stirring blade 48 c is inclined at the outlet-side end toward the central through hole 62 of the partition plate 60. By comprising in this way, a dry organic substance and a carbonization catalyst can be reliably introduced in the through-hole 62, and a dry organic substance and a carbonization catalyst can be made to face an exit direction.

  In the embodiment described above, the rotary kiln 24 is disposed substantially horizontally, but may be disposed so that the outlet 32 side is inclined downward.

  In addition, by linking a drying apparatus (not shown) with the carbonization apparatus of the present embodiment, a series of automatic processing from drying to carbonization of organic substances can be performed.

(Example)
When 5% of the carbonization catalyst was introduced with respect to the weight of the dry organic matter and the internal temperature of the rotary kiln was set to 120 to 150 ° C., the dry organic matter could be reliably carbonized in the one-hour carbonization step.
Moreover, the purity of the produced | generated carbide | carbonized_material can also be adjusted by adjusting process time.

20 Carbonization apparatus 21 Dry organic substance tank 22 Carbonization catalyst tank 24 Rotary kiln 24a Outer wall 24b Inner wall 25 Introduction pipe 26 Dry organic substance introduction pipe 28 Inlet 30 Carbonization catalyst introduction pipe 31 Connecting part 32 Outlet 34 Particle size separator 36 Mesh part 37 Drive unit 38 Products Tank 39 Product moving tube 40 Return tube 42 Reactivation device 44 Heating device 46 Rotating device 48 Stirring blade 49 Fall prevention wall 50 Internal heating blade 52 Rotating shaft 54 Recess 60 Partition plate 61 Cylindrical member 62 Through hole

Claims (6)

A dry organic matter tank for storing dry organic matter;
A carbonization catalyst tank for storing the carbonization catalyst;
A rotary kiln in which stirring blades are arranged on the inner wall surface and a heating device and a rotation device are provided on the outside;
A dry organic matter introduction pipe for introducing dry organic matter from the organic matter tank into the rotary kiln inlet;
A carbonization catalyst introduction pipe for introducing a carbonization catalyst from the carbonization catalyst tank to an inlet of the rotary kiln;
The carbonization apparatus, wherein the stirring blade is arranged to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rotary kiln so as to send the dry organic matter and the carbonization catalyst introduced from the inlet of the rotary kiln to the outlet. A particle size separator provided at the outlet of the rotary kiln, for separating discharge from the rotary kiln by particle size;
The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a return pipe for returning the large-diameter discharge separated by the particle size separator to the carbonization catalyst tank.   The said return pipe is provided with the reactivation apparatus which sprays or immerses an activated liquid in the large-diameter discharge | emission returned to the said carbonization catalyst tank, and reactivates it as a carbonization catalyst. 2. The carbonization apparatus according to 2.   The said stirring blade is a shape which protruded inward from the inner wall face of the rotary kiln, The protrusion direction front-end | tip part is bent, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The carbonization apparatus described.   The inside of the said rotary kiln is arrange | positioned through, and it comprises the internal heating blade | wing which rotates with a rotary kiln and is heated by a 2nd heating apparatus, The any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The carbonization apparatus described. The internal heating blade is hollow inside,
6. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the second heating device is a burner, and the internal heating blade is heated by the burner radiating a flame to a hollow portion of the internal heating blade.

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