JP2015137519A - Fixture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fixture that ensures ventilation while reducing discomfort caused by radiation heat.SOLUTION: A fixture has a first and a second perforated plates 2, 3 that have a plurality of openings 4, 5 and are disposed in the plate thickness direction Z facing each other, for performing the solar permeation function and the solar shading function. The first and second perforated plates have shading parts 6, 11 between openings that block the sunlight, and when seen from front, the whole or a part of the openings 5 of the second perforated plate is covered by the shading parts 6 of the first perforated plate. Furthermore, the shading part 11 of the second perforated plate is positioned at a location that blocks the sunlight Sthat has passed through the openings of the first perforated plate at a first inclination angle, while the openings 5 of the second perforated plate is positioned at a location that lets through the sunlight Sthat has passed through the openings of the first perforated plate at a second inclination angle that is smaller than the first inclination angle.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fitting that is installed so as to cover an opening of a building from the outside.

  For example, as a joinery applied to a window of a building, there is a joinery provided with two glass panels disposed with an air layer sealed by blocking air circulation with the outside (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ). In the joinery described in Patent Document 1, an opaque or translucent light shielding portion is formed by performing a surface treatment on the glass panel surface. The light shielding portions are arranged at regular intervals in one glass panel, and are arranged so that they do not completely coincide between two opposing glass panels when viewed from the thickness direction.

JP 2002-167247 A

  However, in the prior art described in Patent Document 1 described above, a sealed air layer is provided between two opposing glass panels, and air circulation to the outside is blocked, so there was no ventilation function. . Moreover, the discomfort which the radiant heat by the heat | fever accumulate | stored in the light-shielding part of a glass panel gives to an indoor occupant was not considered.

  An object of this invention is to provide the fitting which can ensure ventilation and can reduce the discomfort by a radiant heat.

  The joinery of the present invention is a joinery in which first and second perforated plates having a plurality of openings are arranged to face each other in the thickness direction and are installed so as to cover the opening of the building from the outside. The first and second perforated plates include a shielding portion that is a portion between openings arranged in the up-down direction, and in a front view seen from the thickness direction, a region that is 1/4 or more of the opening of the first perforated plate In addition, a shielding part of the second perforated plate is arranged.

  According to this fitting, since the first and second perforated plates having a plurality of openings are arranged to face each other in the plate thickness direction, the air flowing in through the openings of the first perforated plate is the first and second. Between the two perforated plates, and can flow out through the opening of the second perforated plate, so that air can be passed and ventilation can be ensured. In addition, since the shielding portion of the second porous plate is disposed so as to occupy a region of 1/4 or more of the opening portion of the first porous plate, the air that has passed through the opening of the first porous plate remains as it is. 2 is prevented from passing through the opening of the second perforated plate, and the air hitting the shielding portion of the second perforated plate is redirected to flow between the first and second perforated plates, and the first and second perforated plates Accumulation of heat between the perforated plates is suppressed. Therefore, since generation | occurrence | production of a radiant heat is prevented, it can prevent giving an unpleasant feeling to the occupant in a room.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the space | interval of the 1st and 2nd perforated panel in a plate | board thickness direction is 5 mm-30 mm. When the distance between the first and second perforated plates is 5 mm or more, the size of the opening is not limited and the prevention of air flow between the first and second perforated plates is suppressed. If the distance between the first and second perforated plates is 30 mm or less, the air flow between the first and second perforated plates does not become a laminar flow, so heat from the first and second perforated plates to the air. Reduction in transmission is suppressed. By these, even if it receives solar radiation, heat can be suitably removed from the first and second perforated plates by convection.

  In addition, the size, shape, and arrangement pattern of the openings of the first and second perforated plates are the same, and when viewed from the front, the plurality of openings of the second perforated plate are the plurality of openings of the first perforated plate. On the other hand, it is preferable that they are arranged so as to be equally displaced in the vertical direction. Thereby, air can be distributed evenly and uniformly on the entire surface of the joinery. Further, since the sunlight can be shielded by the shielding part, the sunlight can be shielded uniformly and uniformly on the entire surface of the joinery. Even when sunlight is allowed to pass through, the sunlight can be allowed to pass evenly and uniformly.

  In addition, when viewed from the front, the shielding portion of the second porous plate is disposed at the center in the vertical direction of the opening of the first porous plate, and the opening of the second porous plate is disposed above and below the opening of the first porous plate. May be. Thereby, a fitting with high designability is realizable. In addition, since the shielding portion of the second porous plate is arranged on the back side of the opening of the first porous plate, and the shielding portion of the first porous plate is arranged on the front side of the opening of the second porous plate, By reducing the area of the portion where the openings of the first and second perforated plates overlap each other, the line of sight can be blocked efficiently. If the area of the portion where the openings of the first and second perforated plates overlap each other is small, the air that has passed through the opening of the first perforated plate is prevented from passing through the opening of the second perforated plate as it is, Generation of radiant heat by the first and second perforated plates is prevented.

  Further, it is preferable that the first or second perforated plate is provided with vertical ribs arranged on one side or both sides of the opening in a plan view and extending in the vertical direction. Thereby, the sunlight which inclines with respect to the plate | board thickness direction of the 1st or 2nd perforated panel in planar view will be interrupted | blocked by the vertical rib. For example, when the first perforated plate is disposed facing south so that the plate thickness direction is along the north-south direction, the western sun can be blocked by the vertical ribs. Further, the line of sight incident obliquely with respect to the thickness direction of the first porous plate in plan view can be blocked by the vertical ribs.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the vertical rib is arrange | positioned between the 1st and 2nd perforated plates. Thereby, a vertical rib can be arrange | positioned so that it may not protrude outside in a plate | board thickness direction, and the thickness as a fitting can be suppressed.

  The first and second perforated plates may be formed of punching metal. Thereby, it can be set as a simple structure, and it is only necessary to arrange | position two punching metals facing a plate | board thickness direction, and a fitting can be manufactured easily.

  In addition, it is preferable that a protruding piece projecting in the horizontal direction is formed on the peripheral edge on the upper side of the opening. Thereby, the sunlight which injects with the inclination angle close | similar to a perpendicular direction can be interrupted | blocked by a protruding piece, and the solar radiation performance in summer can be improved. Moreover, since sunlight can be interrupted | blocked by the overhang | projection piece, the space | interval of the 1st and 2nd perforated panel can be narrowed, and a fitting can be made thin.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fitting which can ensure ventilation and can reduce the discomfort by a radiant heat can be provided.

It is a perspective view which shows the fitting of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the fitting shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the joinery at the time of seeing from upper direction. It is sectional drawing which follows the IV-IV line in FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the YZ surface of joinery, and is a figure which shows permeation | transmission and shielding of sunlight. It is sectional drawing which follows the XZ surface of joinery, and is a figure which shows shielding of sunlight. It is a figure which shows the shadow by the fitting arrange | positioned southward, and shows the way of the shadow when receiving sunlight of the south middle altitude in the summer. It is a figure which shows the shadow by the fitting arrange | positioned southward, and shows the way of the shadow when receiving a western day in the summer. It is a figure which shows the shadow by the fittings arrange | positioned westward, and shows how to make a shadow when receiving a western day in the summer. It is a figure which shows the shadow by the fitting arrange | positioned southward, and shows how to make a shadow when the sunlight of the south middle altitude is received in the spring. It is a graph which shows the change in 1 day of solar radiation transmittance. It is sectional drawing which follows the YZ surface of joinery, and shows about the inclination angle of sunlight, and the arrangement | positioning space | interval of a shielding part. It is sectional drawing which follows the XZ surface of the fitting which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view of the fitting shown in FIG. It is a rear view of the fitting shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a fitting according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each figure, an X direction, a Y direction, and a Z direction orthogonal to each other are shown. In the description of the fitting 1, the direction along the X direction is defined as the width direction X, the direction along the Y direction is defined as the vertical direction Y, and the direction along the Z direction is defined as the plate thickness direction Z. The plate thickness direction Z is the plate thickness direction of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 described later.

  The fitting 1 shown by FIG.1 and FIG.2 is arrange | positioned so that the outer surface side of the window of a building may be covered, for example. The joinery 1 includes a first perforated plate 2 and a second perforated plate 3, and the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 are provided with a plurality of openings 4 and 5. The first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 are arranged opposite to each other in the plate thickness direction Z, and the openings 4 and 5 are arranged in the vertical direction so that they do not coincide with each other when viewed from the front (viewed from the plate thickness direction Z). It is arranged at a position shifted to Y.

  The plurality of openings 4 of the first perforated plate 2 are arranged at regular intervals in the vertical direction Y and are arranged at regular intervals in the width direction X. The size, shape, and arrangement pattern of the plurality of openings 4 are the same. The opening 4 is formed in a rectangular shape, a pair of long sides 4 a are arranged along the width direction X, and a pair of short sides 4 b are arranged along the vertical direction Y. The peripheral edge of the opening 4 is formed by the pair of long sides 4a and short sides 4b. Moreover, it is an edge part of the long side 4a and the short side 4b, Comprising: The four corners of the opening 4 are formed so that it may be curved and rounded in front view, and the edge part of the long side 4a and the short side 4b is connected smoothly doing. Note that the four corners of the opening 4 may be formed such that the ends of the long side 4a and the short side 4b are orthogonal to each other.

  The first porous plate 2 includes a plurality of shielding portions 6 arranged on both sides of the opening 4 in the vertical direction Y. The shielding portion 6 is a portion disposed above or below the opening 4 in the first perforated plate 2 and prevents the transmission of sunlight. The shield 6 shields the air flow in the plate thickness direction Z.

  Further, the first perforated plate 2 is provided with vertical ribs 7 extending toward the opposing second perforated plate 3 and extending in the vertical direction Y. The vertical ribs 7 are arranged on both sides of the opening 4 and the shielding part 6 in the width direction X of the fitting 1, and extend from the upper end to the lower end of the first perforated plate 2. The vertical rib 7 is formed in a plate shape, and the thickness direction of the vertical rib 7 is arranged along the width direction X of the fitting 1. Between the openings 4 adjacent to each other in the width direction X of the joinery 1, a pair of vertical ribs 7 are arranged to face each other, and the ends of the pair of vertical ribs 7 on the second porous plate 3 side are plate-like connected. They are connected by the part 8. The connecting portion 8 extends in the vertical direction Y from the upper end to the lower end of the first porous plate 2. The thickness direction of the connecting portion 8 is arranged along the thickness direction Z of the first porous plate 2.

  Further, on both sides of the first perforated plate 2 in the width direction X, connection plates 9 are provided to project outward from the vertical ribs 7. The connecting plate 9 is continuous in the vertical direction Y from the upper end to the lower end of the first porous plate 2. The thickness direction of the connection plate 9 is arranged along the thickness direction Z of the first porous plate 2. The connection plate 9 is formed by being bent in the width direction X from the end of the vertical rib 7 on the second porous plate 3 side.

  The long side 4 a on the upper side of the opening 4 is formed by the lower end portion of the shielding part 6 adjacent to the upper side of the opening 4, and the long side 4 a on the lower side of the opening 4 is the upper end of the shielding part 6 adjacent to the lower side of the opening 4. It is formed by the part. The short side 4 b of the opening 4 is formed by vertical ribs 7 arranged on both sides in the width direction X of the opening 4.

  The first perforated plate 2 is formed by assembling a plurality of belt-like members 10 extending in the width direction X of the joinery 1. The shielding part 6, the vertical rib 7, the connecting part 8, and the connection plate 9 are formed by bending the band-shaped member 10, and are continuous in the width direction X (the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped member 10) of the joinery 1. The end portions in the width direction of the plurality of belt-like members 10 are connected in the vertical direction Y to form the first perforated plate 2. The opening 4 is formed by narrowing the width (length in the Y direction) of the shielding part 6, and the space between the shielding parts 6 of the strip-shaped members 10 adjacent in the vertical direction Y becomes the opening 4. The end portions of the longitudinal rib 7, the connecting portion 8, and the connection plate 9 of the strip-shaped member 10 adjacent in the vertical direction Y are connected to each other to form one first porous plate 2.

  The plurality of openings 5 of the second porous plate 3 are arranged at regular intervals in the vertical direction Y and are arranged at regular intervals in the width direction X. The size, shape, and arrangement pattern of the plurality of openings 5 are the same. The opening 5 is formed in a rectangular shape, a pair of long sides 5 a are arranged along the width direction X, and a pair of short sides 5 b are arranged along the vertical direction Y. The peripheral edge of the opening 5 is formed by the pair of long sides 5a and short sides 5b. Moreover, it is an edge part of the long side 5a and the short side 5b, Comprising: The four corners of the opening 5 are formed so that it may be curved and rounded in front view, and the edge part of the long side 5a and the short side 5b is connected smoothly doing. Note that the four corners of the opening 5 may be formed such that the ends of the long side 5a and the short side 5b are orthogonal to each other.

  The second porous plate 3 includes a plurality of shielding portions 11 disposed on both sides of the opening 5 in the vertical direction Y. The shielding part 11 is a part disposed above or below the opening 5 in the second perforated plate 3 and prevents the transmission of sunlight. The shielding part 11 shields the air flow in the plate thickness direction Z.

  The second perforated plate 3 is provided with vertical ribs 12 that extend toward the first perforated plate 2 facing each other and extend in the vertical direction Y. The longitudinal ribs 12 are arranged on both sides of the opening 5 and the shielding part 11 in the width direction X of the joinery 1 and extend from the upper end to the lower end of the second perforated plate 3. The vertical ribs 12 are formed in a plate shape, and the thickness direction of the vertical ribs 12 is arranged along the width direction X of the fitting 1. Between the openings 5 adjacent to each other in the width direction X of the joinery 1, a pair of vertical ribs 12 are disposed so as to face each other, and the ends of the pair of vertical ribs 12 on the first porous plate 2 side are connected in a plate shape. Connected by the unit 13. The connecting portion 13 extends in the vertical direction Y from the upper end to the lower end of the second porous plate 3. The plate thickness direction of the connecting portion 13 is arranged along the plate thickness direction Z of the second porous plate 3.

  Further, on both sides of the second perforated plate 3 in the width direction X, connection plates 14 that project outward from the vertical ribs 12 are provided. The connecting plate 14 is continuous from the upper end to the lower end of the second porous plate 3 in the vertical direction Y. The thickness direction of the connection plate 14 is arranged along the thickness direction Z of the second porous plate 3. The connection plate 14 is formed by being bent in the width direction X from the end of the vertical rib 12 on the first porous plate 2 side.

  The long side 5 a on the upper side of the opening 5 is formed by the lower end portion of the shielding part 11 adjacent to the upper side of the opening 5, and the long side 5 a on the lower side of the opening 5 is the upper end of the shielding part 11 adjacent to the lower side of the opening 5. It is formed by the part. The short side 5 b of the opening 5 is formed by vertical ribs 12 arranged on both sides in the width direction X of the opening 5.

  The second perforated plate 3 is formed by assembling a plurality of strip-like members 15 extending in the width direction X of the joinery 1. The shielding part 11, the vertical rib 12, the connecting part 13, and the connection plate 14 are formed by bending the band-shaped member 15, and are continuous in the width direction X (the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped member 15) of the joinery 1. The end portions in the width direction of the plurality of belt-like members 15 are connected in the vertical direction Y to form the second porous plate 3. The opening 5 is formed by narrowing the width (length in the Y direction) of the shielding part 11, and the space between the shielding parts 11 of the strip-shaped members 15 adjacent in the vertical direction Y becomes the opening 5. The end portions of the longitudinal ribs 12, the connecting portions 13, and the connection plate 14 of the strip-shaped member 15 adjacent in the vertical direction Y are connected to each other to form one second porous plate 3.

  Further, the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 and the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3 have the same size, shape and arrangement pattern. Specifically, the lengths of the long sides 4a and 5a are the same, the lengths of the short sides 4b and 5b are the same, and the areas of the openings 4 and 5 are also the same. Moreover, the size, shape, and arrangement pattern of the shielding parts 6 and 11 are the same.

  In the joinery 1, the positions of the openings 4 and 5 are shifted in the vertical direction Y when viewed from the front. In the front view, the shielding part 11 of the second porous plate 3 is arranged in the center of the opening 4 in the vertical direction Y. Moreover, the shield 6 of the first perforated plate 2 is disposed at the center in the vertical direction Y of the opening 5 in front view. The short sides 4 b and 5 b of the openings 4 and 5 are arranged at the same position in the width direction X of the fitting 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the joinery 1, the connection plates 9 and 14 facing the plate thickness direction Z are connected, and the connecting portions 8 and 13 facing the plate thickness direction Z are connected, The first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 are joined. The first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 can be joined using, for example, rivets.

  Moreover, the 1st perforated plate 2 and the 2nd perforated plate 3 are formed, for example with the aluminum plate of thickness 1mm. The openings 4 and 5 of the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 are formed by punching. Punching metal may be adopted as the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3.

(Aperture ratio)
The aperture ratio of the first porous plate 2 is a ratio of the area of the opening 4 to the entire area of the first porous plate 2 and is, for example, 60%. The aperture ratio of the second porous plate 3 is the ratio of the area of the opening 5 to the entire area of the second porous plate 3 and is, for example, 60%.

  The aperture ratio of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 is preferably 30% or more and 70% or less. An aperture ratio of 30% or more is preferable from the viewpoint of ventilation and lighting, and ventilation and lighting are prevented from extremely decreasing. An aperture ratio of 70% or less is preferable from the viewpoint of material strength, and it is not necessary to use a material having high strength, and a general-purpose material can be used. Thereby, an increase in material cost can be suppressed.

  The aperture ratio of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 is preferably 40% or more and 60% or less. When the aperture ratio is 40% or more and 60%, the materials of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 can be obtained at low cost and are easy to process. In the case of using an aluminum material, which is a material that hardly accumulates heat, the aperture ratio is preferably 40% or more and 60% or less.

(Opening width)
The width (length in the width direction X) w ₄ (see FIG. 6) of the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 is, for example, 25 mm, and three openings 4 are formed in one first porous plate 2. Is provided. The total length in the width direction X of one first perforated plate 2 is 140 mm, and the total ratio Rw ₄ of the width w ₄ of the opening 4 to the total length in the width direction X is 55%.

The width (length in the width direction X) w ₅ (see FIG. 6) of the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3 is, for example, 25 mm, and three openings 5 are formed in one second porous plate 3. Is provided. The total length in the width direction X of one second porous plate 3 is 140 mm, and the total ratio Rw ₅ of the width w ₅ of the opening 5 to the total length in the width direction X is 55%.

The opening width ratios Rw ₄ and Rw ₅ are preferably 40% or more and 80%. When the vertical rib is provided in the joinery 1, the ratio Rw ₄ , Rw ₅ of the opening width is preferably 80% or less from the viewpoint of the strength of the vertical rib, and the ratio Rw ₄ , Rw _{5 of the} opening width is 80%. If it exceeds, the strength of the vertical ribs will be weakened, causing the joinery 1 to bend. Further, when the ratios Rw ₄ and Rw _{5 of} the opening width are 80% or less, it is possible to shield the solar radiation that is incident obliquely from the side. For example, when the joinery 1 is installed facing south, if the ratios Rw ₄ and Rw _{5 of} the opening width exceed 80%, it becomes difficult to block the western sun (irradiation incident obliquely from the side) by the vertical ribs.

When the ratios Rw ₄ and Rw _{5 of the} opening width are 40% or more, when the sun is inclined obliquely with respect to the thickness direction Z, it is suppressed that the solar radiation taken into the room becomes extremely small, and the solar radiation is reduced. It is possible to suitably set the season (for example, winter) / time zone that the user wants to enter in the building.

Moreover, since the size of the opening widths w ₄ and w ₅ is directly connected to the line-of-sight prevention performance from the outside of the building, from the viewpoint of the line-of-sight prevention performance, from the viewpoint of an outdoor road or the like with respect to the width of the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 The solid angle is preferably 0.3 degrees or less.

(Perforated plate spacing)
The distance D (see FIG. 5) between the opposing surfaces of the shielding portions 6 and 11 in the thickness direction Z of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 is, for example, 12 mm. It is preferable that the space | interval D of the surfaces where the shielding parts 6 and 11 oppose is 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less. When the distance D is 5 mm or more, the restriction on the size of the openings 4 and 5 can be relaxed, and the air flow along the thickness direction Z between the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 can be reduced. The flow can be made good, and as a result, the heat accumulated in the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 can be suitably removed by convection at a time when it is desired to shield solar radiation (for example, summer). .

  If the distance D is less than 5 mm, the size of the openings 4 and 5 is severely limited, and the air flow between the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 is significantly reduced. It becomes difficult to remove the heat accumulated in the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 by convection at a time when it is desired to shield solar radiation (for example, summer).

  If the distance D is 30 mm or less, the airflow flowing between the openings 4 and 5 does not become a laminar flow, so that heat accumulated in the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 is preferably removed by convection. Can do. When the distance D exceeds 30 mm, the airflow flowing between the openings 4 and 5 becomes a laminar flow, and the ability to remove the heat accumulated in the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 by convection is significantly reduced.

  The distance D is more preferably 10 mm or more and 25 mm or less, and the air flow in the plate thickness direction Z between the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 is made favorable, which is suitable also in summer. Heat can be removed by convection, and generation of radiant heat by the joinery 1 can be prevented.

(Reflectance of front and back of joinery)
The reflectance of the front surface (outdoor side surface) of the first porous plate 2 is 7 in Munsell N value, and the reflectance of the back surface (interior side surface) of the second porous plate 3 is 6 in Munsell N value. is there. If the surface on the outdoor side has a high reflectance, it will lead to prevention of gaze from the outside. If the surface on the indoor side has a low reflectance, the line of sight is easily lost from the room to the outside, and a person in the room is likely to feel open.

  The reflectance of the front surface of the first porous plate 2 is preferably 5 or more and 9 or less in Munsell N value. For example, it is preferable to use a glossy surface or to perform painting. The reflectance of the front surface of the first porous plate 2 is more preferably 6 or more and 8.5 or less in Munsell N value from the viewpoint of the material cost of the first porous plate 2.

  The reflectance of the back surface of the second porous plate 3 is preferably 4 or more and 8 or less in Munsell N value. For example, it is preferable to use a matte (matte) surface or to paint. The reflectance of the back surface of the second porous plate 3 is more preferably 4.5 or more and 8 or less in Munsell N value. The smaller the Munsell N value, the darker the room. A Munsell N value of 4 or more is preferable from the viewpoint of indoor brightness.

  Further, a light source may be installed in front of the first perforated plate 2. By installing the light source in this way, the line of sight from the outside of the building can be prevented at night. In addition, in order to prevent night gaze, a light source is arranged in front of the second perforated plate 3 seen through the opening 4 or in a region between the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3. Also good.

(Shift in the vertical direction of the opening of the first porous plate and the second porous plate)
The size and shape of the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 and the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3 may be different. However, it is necessary that the shielding part 11 of the second porous plate 3 is visible through the opening 4 in front view. When the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 are arranged so that the shielding part 11 cannot be seen through the opening 4 in a front view, the air passing through the opening 4 passes through the opening 5 as it is. As a result, the air flow becomes a laminar flow, and there is no air flowing between the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 in the vertical direction.

  When the air flow becomes a laminar flow, no convection occurs on the back surface of the first perforated plate 2 and the front surface of the second perforated plate 3, so that the air is accumulated in the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3. Heat cannot be recovered, and heat is felt by radiant heat on the indoor side. Furthermore, the flow of air having a higher pressure is sandwiched by the flow of air having a lower pressure by the flow of air flowing into the room through the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3, A vortex is generated in the air flow and the wind noise increases.

Next, the operation of the joinery 1 will be described.
The joinery 1 is used by being arranged on the outer surface of a building window. For example, the 2nd perforated panel 3 is arrange | positioned facing the front of a window glass. As shown in FIG. 5, in the joinery 1, a plurality of openings 4, 5 are formed in the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 arranged to face each other. The air passes through the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 and flows into the space between the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3, and then the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3. Spilled through. Thereby, a ventilation function can be realized and air outside the building can be allowed to flow into the room. Similarly, indoor air can flow out of the building.

  Further, in the joinery 1, the shielding portion 11 of the second porous plate 3 is arranged on the back side of the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 in the plate thickness direction Z, and the second porous plate 3 Since the shielding part 6 of the first perforated plate 2 is arranged on the front side of the opening 5, the shielding parts 6 and 11 can block the line of sight of people outside the building. A part of the line of sight that has passed through the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 is blocked by the shielding portion 11 of the second porous plate 3. Part of the line of sight is directed indoors through the gap between the long side 4a of the opening 4 adjacent in the vertical direction Y and the long side 5a of the opening 5, but the gap between the long sides 4a and 5a is narrow, so the fitting 1 Can block most of the line of sight of outsiders and protect the privacy inside the building.

  In addition, since the connecting portions 8 extending in the vertical direction Y are provided on both sides of the openings 4 and 5 in the width direction X of the joinery 1, the line of sight of an external person can be divided in the width direction X. It can be difficult to see the room.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the YZ plane of the joinery 1 and shows sunlight transmission and shielding. In the joinery 1, a part of the sunlight S ₁₁ that is inclined at the first angle θ ₁ with respect to the horizontal direction is blocked by the shielding portion 6 of the first perforated plate 2. The sunlight S _{12 that} is inclined at the first angle θ ₁ and passes through the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 is blocked by the shielding portion 11 of the second porous plate 3. Specifically, the sunlight S _{12 that} has passed through the first-stage opening 4 A of the first porous plate 2 is blocked by the third-stage shielding portion 11 C of the second porous plate 3. Note that the first, second, third,...

On the other hand, part of the sunlight S ₂₁ that is inclined at the second angle θ ₂ that is gentler than the first angle θ ₁ is blocked by the shielding portion 6 of the first porous plate 2. The sunlight S _{22 that} has been inclined at the _second angle θ ₂ and passed through the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 passes through the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3. Specifically, the sunlight S _{22 that} has passed through the first stage opening 4 </ b> A of the first porous plate 2 passes through the first stage opening 5 </ b> A of the second porous plate 3. The sunlight S _{22 that} has passed through the joinery 1 enters the room of the building.

  Further, in the fitting 1, the size, shape and arrangement pattern of the openings 4 and 5 are the same in both the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3. By simply shifting the position of the second perforated plate 3 in the vertical direction Y, all the openings 5 can be arranged with the same amount of displacement with respect to the openings 4. As a result, the sunlight can be shielded with no unevenness on the entire surface of the joinery 1 without any unevenness. Further, even when sunlight is allowed to pass through, the sunlight can be passed through the entire surface of the fitting 1 evenly and without unevenness.

  Further, in the joinery 1, the shielding part 11 of the second porous plate 3 is arranged in the center in the vertical direction Y of the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2 in the front view, and the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2. Since the opening 5 of the 2nd perforated panel 3 is arrange | positioned above and below, the fitting 1 with high designability is realizable. Further, the shielding part 11 of the second porous plate 3 is arranged on the back side of the opening 4 of the first porous plate 2, and the first porous plate 2 is shielded on the front side of the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3. Since the part 6 is arranged, the area of the portion where the openings 4 and 5 of the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 overlap each other can be reduced, and the line of sight can be blocked efficiently.

In the joinery 1, as shown in FIG. 6, since the joinery 1 is provided with the longitudinal ribs 7 and 12, the inclination angle θ with respect to the thickness direction Z of the first porous plate 2 in a plan view. _The sunlight S ₃ inclined at ₃ is blocked by the vertical ribs 7 and 12. As a result, the joinery 1 can shield the western sun, which is particularly problematic as heat, in the summer evening, and can favorably maintain the indoor environment. Further, the strength of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 can be ensured by the vertical ribs 7 and 12.

  In the joinery 1, since the vertical ribs 7 and 12 are disposed between the shielding portion 6 of the first porous plate 2 and the shielding portion 11 of the second porous plate 3 in plan view, the thickness direction Z In this case, the portion projecting outward can be eliminated, the thickness of the joinery 1 can be reduced, and the design can be improved.

  Moreover, the cost of material can be suppressed by employ | adopting the punching metal generally distribute | circulated as the 1st perforated plate 2 and the 2nd perforated plate 3. FIG. Moreover, since the manufacturing method has been established and punching metal has high reliability, the strength as the joinery 1 can be reliably ensured.

  According to such a fitting 1, it is possible to appropriately take in or block sunlight while taking into account seasonal fluctuations and fluctuations in one day, while providing gaze prevention performance and ventilation performance.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 7-10, the solar radiation shielding performance and solar radiation transmission performance by the fitting 1 are demonstrated. In FIGS. 7 to 10, a shadow by the joinery 1 including the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 and a shadow by a joinery including only the first perforated plate 2 are illustrated.

  In FIG. 7, it is a case where the front of the fitting 1 is arrange | positioned southward, Comprising: The generation | occurrence | production condition of the shadow when the sunlight of the south middle altitude in the summer is received is shown. In the joinery 1 shown on the left side in FIG. 7, there is no portion where sunlight passes and the sun is hit, and the sunlight is blocked by the shielding portions 6 and 11. On the other hand, in the joinery composed of the first perforated plate 2 shown on the right side in FIG. 7, it can be seen that the sun-lit portion remains and sunlight passes through the opening 4. In the joinery 1, sunlight that has passed through the opening 4 is blocked by the shielding portion 11 of the second porous plate 3. Thereby, in the joinery 1, it is possible to block sunlight in the south and middle altitudes in summer.

  In FIG. 8, the case where the front of the joinery 1 is arranged in the south direction and the shadow is generated when the western sun is received in the summer is shown. In both the joinery 1 shown on the left side in FIG. 8 and the joinery made of the first perforated plate 2 shown on the right side in FIG. All sunlight is blocked by the vertical ribs 7. Thereby, in joinery 1, the summer sun can be blocked effectively.

  In FIG. 9, the appearance of the shadow when the front of the joinery 1 is arranged westward and receives a west day in the summer is shown. In the joinery 1 shown on the left side in FIG. 9, part of the sunlight that has passed through the opening 4 is blocked by the shielding portion 11 of the second porous plate 3, and the rest passes through the opening 5. In the joinery comprising the first perforated plate 2 shown on the right side in FIG. 9, the sunlight that has passed through the opening 4 passes through without being blocked, and the area of the sunlit part is more than the shaded part. It is getting bigger. The joinery 1 arranged in the west direction can effectively block the summer sun.

  In FIG. 10, it is a case where the front of the fitting 1 is arrange | positioned southward, Comprising: It shows about the condition of a shadow when receiving sunlight of the south middle altitude in the spring. In the joinery 1 shown on the left side in FIG. 10, most of the sunlight that has passed through the opening 4 passes through the opening 5 of the second porous plate 3. In the joinery composed of the first perforated plate 2 shown on the right side in FIG. 10, the sunlight passing through the opening 4 passes as it is. The shadow of the first perforated plate 2 has a smaller area than the shadow of the joinery 1. Referring to the case of summer in FIG. 7 and the case of spring in FIG. 10, it can be seen that the joinery 1 blocks strong solar radiation in summer and transmits weak solar radiation in spring.

  FIG. 11 shows a change in the solar radiation transmittance by the fitting 1 in one day. The joinery 1 is arranged so that the front of the joinery 1 faces south. The solar radiation transmittance indicates the ratio of the area exposed to the sun to the area of the opening. In the case of January 1 (winter season) indicated by a solid line, the solar radiation transmittance is the highest at about 12:00 at 12:00 and is about 25%, and the solar radiation transmittance is 20% at 15:00. In the case of March 1 (spring) indicated by a broken line, the solar radiation transmittance is highest at about 12:00 and is about 35%, and the solar radiation transmittance is about 5% at 15:00. In the case of August 1 (summer) indicated by a two-dot chain line, the solar radiation transmittance is the highest at about 11:00 and is about 15%, and then the solar radiation transmittance decreases to about 3% at 12:00 and increases again. Then, after the solar radiation transmittance became about 10% at 13:00, it descended again, and the solar radiation transmittance became 0% at 14:00.

  Thus, in the joinery 1, in the summer when the sunlight is strong, the solar radiation transmittance can be reduced as compared with the winter and spring (autumn). Moreover, in the joinery 1, the solar radiation transmittance | permeability at 12:00 in summer can be restrained lower than the solar radiation transmittance | permeability of the time slot | zone before and behind. Moreover, the solar radiation transmittance | permeability after 14:00 can be suppressed to about 0%, and the joinery 1 can block a western day suitably.

  According to such a fitting 1, the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 are joined and fixed, and the sizes of the openings 4 and 5 are not changed. An operation for changing is unnecessary, and the burden on the user can be reduced. Further, there is no need for maintenance, and no sound is generated when the blades move.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 12, the relationship between the inclination angle of sunlight and the arrangement of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 will be described. In FIG. 12, the length in the vertical direction Y of the shielding parts 6 and 11 is a, the length in the vertical direction Y of the openings 4 and 5 is b, and the shielding part 11 that shields the opening 4 in the front view in the vertical direction Y. The length is k. Further, the interval between the shielding parts 6 and 11 is d, and the thickness of the shielding parts 6 and 11 is t.

Inclination angle theta _A is a corner of the first stage of the front side of the lower end of the shielding part 6, and the straight line L _A straight line parallel connecting the rear side of the top corners of the second-stage shielding unit 11, horizontal Is an angle at which the reference line L0 parallel to the angle intersects. In this case, the following formula (1) is established, and the interval d is calculated by the following formula (2). Note that the first, second, and third stages from the top.

The inclination angle θ _B is parallel to a straight line connecting a front-side angle at the lower end of the first-stage shielding unit 6 and a front-side angle at the lower end of the first-stage shielding unit 11 (the same stage as the shielding unit 6). and the straight line L _B a, and the reference line L ₀ is an angle that intersects. In this case, the following formula (3) is established, and the interval d is calculated by the following formula (4).

The inclination angle θ _C includes a straight line L _C parallel to a straight line connecting a front-side angle at the lower end of the first-stage shielding unit 6 and a rear-side angle at the upper end of the third-stage shielding unit 11, and a reference line This is the angle at which L ₀ intersects. In this case, the following formula (5) is established, and the interval d is calculated by the following formula (6).

Inclination angle theta _D is a corner of the first stage of the front side of the lower end of the shielding part 6, and the straight line L _D straight line parallel connecting the rear side of the top corners of the fourth-stage shielding portion 11, the reference line This is the angle at which L ₀ intersects. In this case, the following formula (7) is established, and the interval d is calculated by the following formula (8).

  Next, the opening ratio and shielding rate of the joinery 1 will be described. The aperture ratio is a ratio of the total area of a plurality of openings in the area of the perforated plate.

Shielding factor E ₁ at the time to be shielded (e.g. summer) sunlight in joinery 1 can be expressed by the following equation (9).

上記式（９），（１０）を満足する遮蔽部６，１１の上下方向Ｙの長さａ及び開口４，５の上下方向Ｙの長さｂを設定することで、夏季の太陽光を遮蔽して、春季の太陽光を透過させるように、遮蔽部６，１１及び開口４，５を設定することができる。 Moreover, shielding factor E ₂ at the time desired to be transmitted (e.g. Spring, Autumn or winter) sunlight in joinery 1 can be expressed by the following equation (10).

By setting the length a in the vertical direction Y of the shielding parts 6 and 11 satisfying the above formulas (9) and (10) and the length b in the vertical direction Y of the openings 4 and 5, the summer sunlight is shielded. Thus, the shielding parts 6 and 11 and the openings 4 and 5 can be set so as to transmit sunlight in the spring season.

  Next, a procedure for designing the joinery 1 will be described. First, the approximate plate thickness of the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 is set based on the installation location and installation space of the joinery 1 and the strength of the plate material to be used. In the joinery 1, for example, the plate material to be used is an aluminum material, and the plate thickness is set to 1 mm.

  Next, the range of the opening ratio of punching (can be punched) that can ensure the strength of the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 and an approximate target value of the opening ratio are set. The range of the aperture ratio and the target value of the aperture ratio at this time are determined by the thickness of the plate material and the presence or absence of the vertical rib. When the aperture ratio is set, the length a in the vertical direction Y of the shielding parts 6 and 11 and the length b in the vertical direction Y of the openings 4 and 5 can be determined.

上記式（１１）を満たす遮蔽部１１は、開口４の上下方向Ｙの中央に配置される。 Next, in consideration of the design as the fitting 1, the distance d between the first porous plate 2 and the second porous plate 3 is determined. At this time, a and b are changed using the above-mentioned formulas (2), (4), (6), and (8) to determine the distance d and the length k. For example, k may be determined so as to satisfy the following formula (11).

The shielding part 11 that satisfies the above formula (11) is arranged at the center in the vertical direction Y of the opening 4.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the fitting 21 of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the joinery 21, FIG. 14 is a front view of the joinery 21, and FIG. 15 is a rear view of the joinery 21. The difference between the joinery 21 of the second embodiment and the joinery 1 of the first embodiment is that the first perforated plate 22 and the second perforated plate 23 are formed of plate materials that are continuous in the vertical direction. The same description as in the first embodiment is omitted.

  Moreover, although the joinery 1 of 1st Embodiment is formed by joining the 1st perforated panel 2 and the 2nd perforated panel 3 of the same shape, the joinery 21 of 2nd Embodiment is 1st. It is formed by fitting the second porous plate 23 to the porous plate 22.

  Vertical ribs are not formed on the second porous plate 23 of the fitting 21, and vertical ribs 24 are provided on the first porous plate 22. The second perforated plate 23 is formed with locking claws 23 a that can be engaged with the vertical ribs 24 on both sides in the width direction X of the first perforated plate 22. The engaging claws 23 a can be engaged with the vertical ribs 24 simply by facing the second porous plate 23 against the first porous plate 22 and pushing the second porous plate 23. As a result, the second porous plate 23 can be attached to the first porous plate 22. In a state where the second porous plate 23 is mounted on the first porous plate 22, the back side end of the vertical rib 24 of the first porous plate 22 is in contact with the front surface of the second porous plate 23. Yes. Thus, it is good also as a structure which equips only the 1st perforated plate 22 with a vertical rib.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications as described below are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  Moreover, the structure by which the overhang | projection piece which protrudes in a horizontal direction (plate thickness direction Z) from the peripheral part of the upper side of the opening 4 and 5 may be formed may be used. By adopting such a structure, sunlight can be blocked by the overhanging piece, so that sunlight incident at an inclination angle close to the vertical direction can be blocked by the overhanging piece, and the solar radiation performance in summer can be improved. Can do. Moreover, since sunlight can be interrupted | blocked by the overhang | projection piece, the space | interval of a 1st perforated panel and a 2nd perforated panel can be narrowed, and a fitting can be made thin.

  In the above embodiment, the first perforated plate 2 and the second perforated plate 3 in which the rectangular openings 4 and 5 are formed are used. However, the shape of the openings 4 and 5 is not limited to a rectangular shape. Other shapes such as a triangle and a polygon may be used.

  Further, the vertical ribs 7 and 12 may be provided on both sides of the openings 4 and 5 in the width direction X, or may be provided only on one side (one side).

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,21 ... Joinery, 2,22 ... 1st perforated plate, 3,23 ... 2nd perforated plate, 4 ... Opening (opening of 1st perforated plate), 5 ... Opening (opening of 2nd perforated plate) ), 6 ... shielding part (shielding part of the first porous plate), 7, 24 ... vertical rib, 11 ... shielding part (shielding part of the second porous plate), 12 ... vertical rib.

Claims (8)

The first and second perforated plates having a plurality of openings are disposed facing each other in the thickness direction, and are installed so as to cover the opening of the building from the outside,
The first and second perforated plates include a shielding portion that is a portion between the openings arranged in the vertical direction,
The fitting is characterized in that the shielding portion of the second perforated plate is disposed in a region of 1/4 or more of the opening of the first perforated plate when viewed from the thickness direction. .   The joinery according to claim 1, wherein an interval between the first and second perforated plates in the plate thickness direction is 5 mm to 30 mm. The size, shape and arrangement pattern of the openings of the first and second perforated plates are the same,
In the front view, the plurality of openings of the second perforated plate are arranged so as to be equally displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the plurality of openings of the first perforated plate, respectively. Item 1 or 2 joinery.   In the front view, the shielding portion of the second perforated plate is disposed at the center of the opening of the first perforated plate in the vertical direction, and the second perforated portion of the first perforated plate is located above and below the opening of the first perforated plate. The joinery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening of the perforated plate is disposed.   The first or second perforated plate is provided with a vertical rib disposed on one side or both sides of the opening in a plan view and extending in a vertical direction. The joinery described in any one of the items.   The joinery according to claim 5, wherein the longitudinal rib is disposed between the first and second perforated plates.   The joinery according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first and second perforated plates are formed of a punching metal.   The joinery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an overhanging piece that projects in a horizontal direction is formed on a peripheral portion on an upper side of the opening.

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