JP2015133737A - Communication terminal and communication method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve both of power saving and user convenience in a communication terminal.SOLUTION: A communication terminal of an embodiment which allows a plurality of communication protocols to operate comprises: a communication device for forming association with a communication apparatus to perform communication; a communication management unit for determining an operation mode of the communication device; and a device power supply management unit for controlling, according to the operation mode, power supply to the communication device. The device power supply management unit sets the communication device into a first power supply state in which transmission/reception is disabled, when a first operation mode is determined; and sets, for each first period, the communication device into a second power supply state in which transmission/reception is enabled, while being set into the first power supply state. When being set into the second power supply state, the communication terminal selects a frame on the basis of operation situations of the plurality of communication protocols and transmits the selected frame through the association. After receiving a response frame corresponding to the selected frame, the device power supply management unit restores the communication device to the first power supply state.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a communication terminal and a communication method.

  With the development of communication technology, a terminal having a communication function such as a smartphone has become widespread. On the other hand, due to concerns about global warming, social demands for reducing power consumption of terminals are increasing. Furthermore, in a terminal driven by a battery such as a smartphone, there is a need for reducing power consumption of the terminal from the viewpoint of convenience of extending the driving time.

  In response to this demand for power consumption reduction, a power control framework called ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) has been proposed. According to this, a state of S3 is defined. S3 is a state called “Suspend to RAM”. In the S3 state, the CPU register value is written to the main memory, and the CPU, bus, and bus device are powered off while the main memory is energized. A terminal in the S3 state cannot operate, but consumes less power than the S0 state (operating state). Furthermore, when returning from the S3 state to the S0 state, it is possible to return to the terminal state before the transition to the S3 state. For this reason, it is more convenient than cold boot.

  There is Patent Document 1 as another prior art. Here, in the wireless LAN terminal, when there is no transmission / reception packet for a predetermined time, information necessary for transmitting data to the connected access point is stored in the terminal, and the power supply of the communication circuit is stopped. When a transmission packet is generated, power is supplied to the communication circuit, and the packet is transmitted to the previously connected access point without performing the connection procedure using the stored information. Thus, by omitting the connection procedure with the access point, the delay required for packet transmission after power supply to the communication unit is reduced.

JP 2006-5577 A

  In recent years, services called Web services or cloud services have become widespread. For example, something like Google's Gmail. In Gmail, mail data exists on the server, and by accessing it from a web browser, a list of received mail and the contents of selected mail are displayed without using a dedicated mail application. Assuming such a service, the local terminal may stop supplying power to the wireless LAN communication unit every time it receives necessary data, and only when necessary to communicate, the local terminal supplies power to the wireless LAN communication unit. This is desirable from the viewpoint of power consumption. However, there is a large delay until the packet can be transmitted after the start of power supply to the wireless LAN communication unit, which impairs user convenience.

  On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 1, there is a method of stopping the power supply of the wireless LAN communication unit while maintaining the access point information being connected. When packet transmission is required, the wireless LAN communication unit is powered and the packet is transmitted to the access point using the stored access point information.

  However, if the power supply to the wireless LAN communication unit has been stopped for a long time, the access point may determine that the terminal is gone and discard the association information. At this time, when the communication terminal starts to supply power to the wireless LAN interface and transmits a packet, the transmission packet is discarded at the access point. Then, after a certain period of time, the communication terminal performs retransmission of the packet a certain number of times. As described above, the communication terminal is not aware that the access point has discarded the association, and there is a problem that the time during which a packet cannot be transmitted increases.

  As described above, when power supply to the wireless LAN communication unit is stopped due to the power saving state, there is a problem that a delay until the packet transmission is possible is large and the convenience of the user is impaired.

  An object of one aspect of the present invention is to achieve both power saving and user convenience in a communication terminal.

  A communication terminal as one aspect of the present invention is a communication terminal that operates a plurality of communication protocols, and includes a communication device, a communication management unit, and a device power supply management unit.

  The communication device forms an association with a communication device and communicates with the communication device.

  The communication management unit determines an operation mode of the communication device.

  The device power management unit controls power supply to the communication device according to an operation mode determined by the communication management unit.

  The device power management unit, when the first operation mode is determined by the communication management unit, the device power management unit sets the communication device to a first power state in which transmission / reception is impossible, While the first power supply state is set, the communication device is set to a second power supply state in which transmission / reception is possible for each first period.

  When the communication device is set to the second power state, the communication terminal selects a frame based on an operation state of the plurality of communication protocols, and transmits the selected frame to the communication device via the association. Send. The device power management unit returns the communication device to the first power state after receiving a response frame corresponding to the selected frame.

The whole structure in this embodiment is shown. The operation timing in the power limit mode is shown. The operation of the external interface unit in the power limit mode is shown. The hardware structural example of the communication terminal which concerns on this embodiment is shown. 2 shows a software configuration of a communication terminal according to the present embodiment. The configuration of the external interface unit is shown. The communication sequence example between the communication terminal which concerns on this embodiment, and the communication terminal on a network is shown. Indicates the HTTP level communication sequence. An example of the received mail list screen is shown. A display example of a screen displayed by HTML data is shown. The example of a hardware configuration of a communication device is shown. The operation of the HTTP processing unit is shown. An example of a display screen including a peripheral access point display, a connection status display, and a mode display is shown.

  Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of this embodiment.

  A communication terminal 1 and a communication terminal 2 are connected via a network 3. The communication terminal 1 is connected to the network 3 via a wireless LAN access point 4 that is a communication device by a wireless LAN (for example, IEEE 802.11). The communication terminal 2 is connected to the network 3 by 10 GB Ethernet. The wireless LAN access point 4 functions as a relay device that relays communication.

  The communication terminal 1 is running a Web browser, and the communication terminal 2 is running an HTTP server. The communication terminal 2 provides a mail service using HTTP, and the communication terminal 1 uses this mail service.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of a communication sequence between the communication terminal 1 and the communication terminal 2. FIG. 7 shows a sequence of TCP packets.

  First, the communication terminal 1 sets up a TCP connection with the destination port number 80 in the communication terminal 2 (S101). The TCP connection setting procedure at this time is as follows. (1) A TCP SYN packet is transmitted from the communication terminal 1 to the communication terminal 2, (2) The communication terminal 2 that has received this transmits a SYN ACK packet to the communication terminal 1, and (3) receives this SYN ACK packet. The communication terminal 1 that has transmitted transmits an ACK packet to the communication terminal 2.

  Next, the communication terminal 1 transmits an HTTP request to the communication terminal 2 (S102). At this time, the HTTP request may be divided into a plurality of TCP packets. The transmission terminal 2 that has received the HTTP request transmits an HTTP response to the transmission terminal 1 (S103). An HTTP response may be divided into multiple TCP packets. ACK in FIG. 7 is a delivery confirmation packet indicating that DATA has been received, and has segment size information (acknowledgment response number) for identifying received data.

  Figure 8 shows the HTTP level communication sequence. In FIG. 8, solid line arrows indicate transmission / reception of TCP packets, and dotted line arrows indicate transmission / reception of HTTP level information.

  As mentioned earlier, each HTTP request and HTTP response is carried in one or more TCP packets. Typically, in the HTTP response of the first HTTP session 1, the communication terminal 1 receives HTML data corresponding to the user authentication screen. HTML data received by a web browser operating on the communication terminal 1 is presented to the user as a user ID and password input screen.

  When the user inputs the user ID and password on this screen and presses the send button, HTTP session 2 is started. The HTTP request for HTTP session 2 includes the user ID, password, and request URL (URL requested by the HTTP request). Receiving this, the communication terminal 2 transmits to the communication terminal 1 an HTTP response including HTML data for displaying a list of received mails of the corresponding user and user identification information for identifying the user.

  Furthermore, the HTTP session 3 is started when the user selects a mail on the received mail list screen. The HTTP request of the HTTP session 3 includes user identification information for identifying the user, mail identification information corresponding to the mail selected by the user, and a request URL. Receiving this, the communication terminal 2 transmits an HTTP response including user identification information and HTML data for displaying a mail corresponding to the mail identification information to the communication terminal 1.

  FIG. 9 shows an example of a received mail list screen.

  When the communication terminal 1 receives the HTML data included in the HTTP response of the HTTP session 2, the communication terminal 1 displays it on the screen using a Web browser. FIG. 9 is an example of the display.

  In this display example, the screen consists of two frames. In the left frame 51, a reception button 61, a creation button 62, an inbox button 63, and a transmitted button 64 are displayed. In the right frame 52, entries of (subject, reception date and time, sender) for each received mail are displayed. By scrolling the screen using the scroll bar 65 in the right frame, it is possible to display entries that cannot fit on the screen.

  Now, in order to display a screen of two frames as shown in FIG. 9, it is common to acquire HTML data in a plurality of HTTP sessions instead of one HTTP session as described in FIG. However, in order to simplify the explanation in FIG. 8, the explanation is based on an example in which the HTML data of the received mail list screen can be received in one HTTP session.

  For example, in the case of the screen shown in FIG. 9, first, the first HTML data is acquired, and in this HTML data, two frames and URLs of embedded objects corresponding to the frames are described. The Web browser receives the HTML data (embedded object) of the right screen and the left screen in FIG. 9 in two HTTP sessions for the URL of the embedded object. Of course, the embedded object can be various things such as image data in addition to HTML data.

  When the user selects the top entry on the received mail list screen in FIG. 9, the communication terminal 1 receives HTML data through the HTTP session 3. A display example of the screen displayed by the HTML data is shown in FIG.

  In the display example of FIG. 10, the screen is composed of two frames. In the left frame 71, a next mail button 81, a previous mail button 82, a reply button 83, an inbox button 84, and a transmitted button 85 are displayed. In the right frame 72, details of the mail corresponding to the mail selected by the user are written. If the mail text is too long to fit on the screen, the portion outside the screen can be displayed by scrolling the screen using the scroll bar 86 in the right frame.

  While the user is reading the mail text of FIG. 10, communication between the communication terminal 1 and the communication terminal 2 does not occur. Since all the screen data has been acquired, for example, communication is not required even if the scroll bar is operated. For this reason, while the user is reading the mail (for example, 3 minutes), it is possible to stop the power supply of the communication unit of the communication terminal 1 (PLM state after the HTTP session 3 in FIG. 8). The PLM state is a state where power supply to the communication unit is stopped. Thus, by setting the PLM state while no communication occurs, the operating power and leakage power in the communication circuit can be reduced, and the power consumption of the communication terminal 1 can be reduced. In addition, not only while the user is reading mail, but also while entering the user ID and password on the authentication screen (between HTTP session 1 and HTTP session 2), look for mail to read on the received mail list screen. The communication terminal 1 can be in the PLM state even while it is running (between HTTP session 2 and HTTP session 3). This is illustrated in FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows a hardware configuration example of the communication terminal 1.

  The communication terminal 1 includes a CPU 11, a screen display device 12, a working memory 13, an external input device 14, a communication device 15, a flash memory 16, a battery 17, and a battery management unit 18.

  The CPU 11 is a processor such as Intel Core i5, for example.

  The screen display device 12 is a device that displays a screen display signal in a form that can be seen by humans, such as an LCD display.

  The working memory 13 is a memory such as a DRAM, and is connected to the CPU 11 through an LPDDR interface, for example.

  The external input device 14 is an input device such as a button, a touch panel, a keyboard, or a mouse, and is connected to the CPU 11 through, for example, a USB interface.

  The communication device 15 operates according to, for example, a wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11) standard and performs packet transmission / reception with a network. The communication device 15 is connected to the CPU 11 by, for example, a PCI express bus.

  The flash memory 16 is, for example, a NAND flash memory 16 and holds programs such as an OS and a web browser and user data. The flash memory 16 is connected to the CPU 11 through, for example, a SATA interface. The flash memory 16 can be replaced with another medium such as a hard disk as long as it can hold data.

  The battery 17 supplies electric energy such as a lithium ion battery to the communication terminal 1.

  The battery management unit 18 provides the CPU 11 with a battery state such as a remaining battery level.

  FIG. 11 shows a hardware configuration example of the communication device 15. The communication device 15 includes an internal interface unit 81, a state holding unit 82, a power supply state control unit 83, a packet holding unit 84, and an external interface unit 85.

  The internal interface unit 81 is, for example, a PCI-express interface, and transmits / receives information to / from the CPU 11 in accordance with the PCI-express standard. In addition, power is supplied to the communication device 15 via the internal interface unit 81.

  The external interface unit 85 includes a communication unit that transmits and receives signals to and from the communication path. When there is a transmission frame in the packet holding unit 84, the external interface unit 85 transmits this as an electrical signal or radio wave signal to the communication path. In addition, an electrical signal or a radio wave signal is received from the communication path, and this is sent to the packet holding unit 84 as a received frame.

  In the case of a wireless LAN, the external interface unit 85 includes an IEEE802.11 MAC processing unit and a physical layer processing unit. The MAC processing unit transmits a probe request via the physical layer processing unit and receives a probe response from the access point to discover the access point. The MAC processing unit can find an access point over various wireless channels by repeating probe request transmission and probe response reception while changing the wireless channel designated to the physical processing unit.

  The MAC processing unit transmits the discovered access point to the CPU 11 via the internal interface unit 81. The MAC processing unit receives a connection request including the SSID, BSSID and wireless channel of the access point from the CPU 11 via the internal interface. The MAC processing unit transmits an association request to the access point and receives an association response via the physical layer processing unit and the state holding unit 82 using the designated SSID, BSSID, and radio channel. An association is set between the communication device 15 and the access point by transmitting / receiving the association request and the association response. When the association is set, the MAC processing unit sends the SSID, BSSID, and radio channel to the state holding unit 82. The state holding unit 82 holds these data received from the MAC processing unit.

  When there is a transmission ether frame in the packet holding unit 84, the MAC processing unit adds a MAC header to the packet and generates an IEEE 802.11 frame. The MAC processing unit transmits this frame to the access point via the physical layer processing unit. Further, when the MAC processing unit receives the IEEE 802.11 frame from the access point via the physical layer processing unit, the MAC processing unit removes the MAC header and extracts the Ether frame. The MAC processing unit sends this ether frame to the packet holding unit 84. The packet holding unit 84 temporarily holds the Ethernet frame received from the MAC processing unit.

  The packet holding unit 84 receives and holds a transmission packet (an Ethernet frame in the case of a wireless LAN) from the working memory 13 via the CPU 11 and the internal interface unit 81. The external interface unit 85 extracts this from the packet holding unit 84 and transmits it to the communication path. Further, when a packet is received from the communication path via the external interface unit 85, the packet is held and sent to the working memory 13 via the internal interface unit 81 and the CPU 11. As described above, the packet holding unit 84 temporarily stores packets when the packets are exchanged between the working memory 13 and the communication path, and is mainly used for timing the internal protocol and the external protocol. Is called.

The state holding unit 82 is a memory area accessible from the CPU 11, and holds, for example, a plurality of register variables. Setting of the communication device 15 can be changed by setting the setting information of the communication device 15 in the state holding unit 82 from the CPU 11. It is also used to inquire the external interface unit 85 about information related to the communication state. The following are examples of register variables.

  The power supply state control unit 83 sets the power supply state of the communication device 15 according to the value of the A register of the state holding unit 82. When the value of the A register is 0, the state is set to the D0 state. When the value is 1, the D1 state is set. When the value is 2, the D2 state is set.

  The D0 state is a state in which the communication device 15 is operating, and transmission / reception is possible.

  The D3 state is a state in which all power supply is stopped except for the minimum function required to return to the D0 state. In the D3 state, neither transmission nor reception is possible. As a specific example, power supply to the external interface unit 85 and the packet holding unit 84 is stopped. The state holding unit 82 stops reading / writing other than the A register and sets the holding contents of all the registers. The internal interface unit 81 stops functions other than reading and writing of the A register.

  D1 and D2 are intermediate states between D0 and D3, and P (Di)> P (D1)> P (D2)> P (D3) where P (Di) is the power consumption in each state. Further, when the time required to return to D0 from each state is represented by T (Di), T (D1) <T (D2) <T (D3).

  The E register indicates the presence / absence of association between the communication device and the access point. For example, a value of 0 means no association, and a value of 1 means that there is an association.

  Also, the F register holds the BSSID of the access point when there is an association with the access point.

  The G register holds the SSID of the access point when there is an association with the access point.

  The H register holds the beacon period of the access point when there is an association with the access point.

  The I register holds the DTIM period of the access point when there is an association with the access point.

  FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the external interface unit 85. The external interface unit 85 includes an antenna 200, an RF (Radio Frequency) processing unit 210, and a baseband processing unit 250.

  The antenna 200 transmits and receives radio signals. In FIG. 6, there is one antenna 200, and this one antenna is shared for transmission and reception using the antenna changeover switch 260. As another configuration, a plurality of antennas can be used as in a technique called MIMO. Alternatively, different antennas can be used for transmission and reception.

  The RF processing unit 210 performs conversion between a digital signal and an electric signal transmitted / received as a radio wave. The RF processing unit 210 includes a reception circuit 220, a transmission circuit 230, and a frequency synthesizer 240.

  The frequency synthesizer 240 is a transmitter including a PLL circuit 242 and a VCO 241 and performs frequency conversion.

  The receiving circuit 220 demodulates the signal received from the antenna and sends the demodulated signal to the baseband processing unit 250. The reception circuit 220 includes a low noise amplifier 221, a mixer 222, a high gain amplifier 223, and a demodulation circuit 224. The electrical signal received from the antenna 200 is amplified by the low noise amplifier 221, then converted to an intermediate frequency by the mixer 222, amplified by the high gain amplifier 223, and then demodulated.

  The transmission circuit 230 converts the digital signal received from the baseband processing unit 250 into an electric signal and sends it to the antenna 200. The transmission circuit 230 includes a modulation circuit 231 and a power amplifier 232. The digital signal received from the baseband processing unit 250 is processed by the modulation circuit 231 to be a modulated signal. This modulated signal is amplified by the power amplifier 232 and then transmitted to the antenna 200.

  The baseband processing unit 250 performs IEEE802.11 MAC processing, and includes a BB reception processing unit 251, a BB transmission processing unit 253, and a BB control processing unit 252.

  The BB reception processing unit 251 performs frame reception processing. The BB reception processing unit 251 checks the frame format when the frame is received. If the received frame is a data frame, the BB reception processing unit 251 extracts the Ether frame included therein and sends it to the packet holding unit (FIG. 11). . If the received frame is a control frame, it is sent to the BB control processing unit 252.

  The BB transmission processing unit 253 performs frame transmission processing. When receiving the transmission ether frame from the packet holding unit 84, the BB transmission processing unit 253 generates a MAC frame and sends it to the RF processing unit 210. The MAC frame retransmission process is also performed here.

  The BB control processing unit 252 processes IEEE802.11 control frames, and performs processing of received beacons, generation of association requests, processing of received association responses, and the like. When a NULL frame is transmitted as the presence notification message, the BB control processing unit 252 generates this frame.

  As will be described later, in a state called PLM, the external interface unit 85 has three PLM operation states: a transmission / reception disabled state, a reception enabled state, and a transmission / reception enabled state.

  The transmission / reception disabled state is a state where power supply to the RF processing unit 210 and the baseband processing unit of the external interface 85 is stopped. Here, it is desirable to stop power supply for all circuits except for a timer (not shown), but the time required to be able to operate after power supply because the PLM operating state transitions at high speed. It is also possible to supply power to a long circuit (for example, the PLL circuit 242). In addition, a low voltage may be continuously applied to some circuits, instead of completely reducing the voltage to zero.

  The receivable state is a state where power is supplied only to circuits necessary for reception. For example, power is supplied to a processing unit other than the transmission circuit 230 of the RF processing unit 210 and the BB transmission processing unit 253 of the baseband processing unit 250. Is in a state of performing. In this state, radio signal reception processing is possible, but transmission processing is not possible.

  The transmission / reception enabled state is a state where transmission / reception is possible and is a normal operation state. That is, power is supplied to all blocks of the external interface unit 85. However, in order to reduce power consumption, power supply to some functions may be stopped to disable the functions. In order to reduce power consumption, the communication speed may be reduced.

  In addition to the above, although a reception process cannot be performed, a transmittable state in which a transmission process can be performed may be defined.

  In general, the power consumption of the power amplifier of the RF processing unit is large. Further, all the circuits consume power when power is supplied even when transmission / reception is not performed. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced by stopping power supply to some circuits as described above.

(Scanning operation)
When a scan request (scan type, channel, SSID) is written to the O register via the internal interface 81, the external interface unit 85 performs a scan operation. The scan type indicates either active scan or passive scan. The channel indicates a radio channel on which scanning is to be performed. SSID is valid only for active scans.

  In the active scan, the external interface 85 transmits a probe request frame describing the designated SSID to the communication path, and an access point having the designated SSID transmits a probe response frame to the probe request frame. When the external interface unit 85 receives this probe response frame, it includes (BSSID, SSID, beacon period, supported transmission transmission rate, encryption information (Capability Information)) and the received electric field strength of the probe response frame. Extract and write to P register. Here, when probe responses are received from a plurality of access points, the above-described information is written in the P register for each access point. If the SSID written in the O register is NULL, the external interface unit 85 transmits a probe request frame having a value of SSID = 0. The access point that has received this transmits a probe response frame regardless of the SSID value of the access point.

  In the passive scan, the above-mentioned value is extracted from the beacons received at a predetermined time for the channel specified in the O register and written in the P register. Also in the case of passive scanning, when beacons are received from a plurality of access points, information on the plurality of access points is written into the P register.

(Association operation)
When an association request (CH, SSID, BSSID) is set in the R register via the internal interface 81, the external interface 85 uses this value to send an association request frame to the transmission path. When an association response frame is received from an access point having the SSID and BSSID, an association is set between the communication device and the access point. Also, it is possible to encrypt communication with the access point by exchanging an authentication request frame and an authentication response frame as necessary.

  After the association is set, when the access point receives a frame having the MAC address of the external interface 85 as the destination address from the wired communication path, the access point transmits it to the wireless transmission path. When a frame having the MAC address of the external interface 85 as a source address is received, the reception process is performed and the frame is transferred to the wired interface.

  If the association is not set, the access point discards the packet even if the access point receives a packet having the MAC address of the external interface 85 as the destination address from the wired communication path. Even if a packet having the MAC address of the external interface 85 as a source address is received from the wireless communication path, the packet is discarded.

(Power saving state)
When the communication device is in the D0 state, frames can be transmitted / received to / from the access point, but when the communication device is in the D3 state, frames cannot be transmitted / received. When the communication device is in the D0 state, the external interface unit 85 performs different operations depending on the value of the K register.

  When the value of the K register is 0, the external interface unit 85 is always in a state where frames can be transmitted and received (Normal).

  When the value of the K register is 1, the external interface unit 85 performs a power save mode (PSM) defined by the IEEE 802.11 specification. In this PSM, when a transmission packet is received by the packet holding unit via the internal interface 81, the external interface unit 85 immediately transmits this packet to the wireless communication path. With respect to the reception operation, a transition is made to a receivable state at the beacon transmission timing of the access point using the beacon period received by the association response frame. When a beacon is received, a TIM (Traffic Indication Map) included in the beacon is referred to and the presence / absence of a frame addressed to itself is confirmed. If the access point has a frame addressed to itself, the access point transmits a PS-Poll frame requesting transmission of that frame, and receives a frame addressed to itself from the access point. Further, since the multicast or broadcast frame is transmitted from the access point immediately after the transmission of the beacon corresponding to the DTIM cycle, the external interface unit 85 is in a receivable state at this timing. If it is found from the TIM that the access point does not have a frame addressed to itself, the external interface unit 85 shifts to a state incapable of receiving, thereby reducing power consumption.

  When the value of the K register is 2 (proposed method), the external interface unit 85 shifts to the power limit mode (PLM) corresponding to the first operation mode of the present embodiment. Figure 2 shows the operation timing in PLM. In FIG. 2, the access point transmits a beacon every beacon period.

  The external interface unit 85 transitions to a transmission / reception enabled state every predetermined peeping period (second period), and transmission / reception is disabled after a predetermined peeping period (second period) ends. Transition to.

  In addition, the external interface unit 85 shifts to a transmission / reception enabled state every presence notification cycle (first cycle), and shifts to a transmission / reception disabled state after the presence notification period (first period) ends.

  In the transmission / reception disabled state, power supply to the electronic circuit of the external interface unit 85 is stopped to reduce power consumption. At this time, it is desirable to stop clock delivery to the circuits by stopping all PLL (Phased Lock Loop) circuits. However, it goes without saying that the timer circuit is operated so that reception is possible in the next peeping period. In this example, the state transits to the transmission / reception enabled state during the peeping period. That is, during the peeping period, when active scanning is performed, the state transits to a transmission / reception ready state, and when transition is made to passive scanning, the state transitions to a reception possible state or transmission / reception ready state. In the following description, it is assumed that the state transits to the receivable state.

  FIG. 3 shows the operation of the external interface unit 85 in the PLM. When the external interface unit 85 shifts to PLM, the external interface unit 85 shifts to a transmission / reception disabled state (S11). Set the timer to the length of the predetermined peeping period. When this timer knows the start of the peeping period (S12), it transitions to a receivable state (S13) and checks whether the association is set with reference to the E register (S14). If the association is set, the J register is referred to, and a passive scan is executed for the radio channel (frequency) used for communication with the access point (S15). Then, the scan result is output to the P register (S16).

  If there is no association, a passive scan is executed at a different frequency for each peeping period (S17). For example, when CH1 is scanned during the previous peeping period, CH2 is scanned this time, and CH3 is scanned next time. This channel change can be realized by various methods. For example, each time a peeping period starts, a channel to be scanned with a random number can be determined. Alternatively, the channel change width can be increased to 1 or more as in CH1, CH4, CH7, CH10, CH13, CH2, CH5,. Here, in step S17 (Nico-chan mark), when a beacon is received from an access point that can set an association, based on the connection information (SSID, WEP key, connection priority) set in advance, Association settings with an access point may be performed.

  Furthermore, if there is an association (YES in S18), it is checked whether or not the presence notification period has started by the timer set to the length of the presence notification cycle (S19). When it arrives, the state transits to a transmission / reception enabled state (S20), and a presence notification for notifying the presence of itself (communication terminal 1) is transmitted (S21). It is determined whether a response (IEEE802.11 ACK) to the presence notification has been received within the relevant period (S22). If not received, the value of the E register is changed to a state without association (S23). That is, discard the association. On the other hand, when a response to the presence notification is received, the state transits to a transmission / reception disabled state (S11). When a response to the presence notification is received, the transmission / reception disabled state may be immediately made even during the presence notification period. By transmitting the presence notification, it is possible to maintain the association with the access point even when the communication terminal 1 transitions to a transmission / reception disabled state.

  Here, when there is no response to the presence notification, it is desirable to resend the presence notification a predetermined number of times, and discard the association when no response to the presence notification is received. In addition, the presence notification message is preferably an IEEE802.11 NULL frame, but various messages can be used as the presence notification message, and an ICMP ECHO Request is transmitted after the NULL frame for each presence notification period. A different message may be used as the presence notification message.

  Alternatively, the presence notification can be made by transmitting an ARP Announcement message (RFC 3972). In this case, it is possible not only to notify the access point of the existence of itself but also to update the ARP cache table of a terminal or router (not shown in FIG. 1) in the same subnet. If there is an L2 switch, the ether frame forward table can be updated. When transmitting an ARP Announcement message, the communication terminal 1 may not receive an ARP response to the message.

  In the above description, there are two periods, a peeping period and a presence notification period, but a mode in which no peeping period is provided is also possible. In the presence notification period, the state transits to the transmission / reception enabled state. However, in the case where the response frame to the presence notification frame is not received, it is possible to transition to the transmission possible state without reception.

  FIG. 5 shows a software configuration of the communication terminal 1. The communication terminal 1 is realized by the software of FIG. 5 operating on the hardware of FIG. Each block shown in FIG. 3 can be realized as a program module. The program may be stored in a computer readable recording medium. A program is read from the recording medium by a computer, loaded into a memory, and executed. However, a part of the software of FIG. 5 can be realized by hardware. The software in FIG. 5 can be roughly divided into an OS and application software.

  The OS includes a TCP processing unit 31 (connection processing unit), an IP processing unit 32, a device driver 33, a communication management unit 34, a device power supply management unit 35, and a terminal power supply state management unit 36.

  The TCP processing unit 31 sets and releases a TCP connection at the request of application software. Also, the TCP processing unit 31 converts the data passed from the application software into a TCP packet format, and transmits the data to the communication terminal 2 via the IP processing unit 32 and the device driver 33. When no ACK packet is received from the communication terminal 2, TCP packet retransmission processing is performed. Further, the TCP processing unit 31 transmits an ACK packet to the communication terminal 2 in response to the TCP packet received from the communication terminal 2. Further, the TCP processing unit 31 extracts data from the received TCP packet and sends it to the application software. In the present embodiment, the connection with the communication terminal 2 is set. However, when the access point (communication device) 4 includes TCP / IP and an application, the connection with the access point 4 can be set and released.

  The IP processing unit 32 converts the TCP packet received from the TCP processing unit 31 into an IP packet, and transmits the IP packet to the communication terminal 2 via the device driver 33. Further, the IP processing unit 32 extracts a TCP packet from the IP packet received from the communication terminal 2 and sends it to the TCP processing unit 31. Although not shown, an Ethernet processing unit exists between the IP processing unit 32 and the device driver 33. The ether processing unit converts the IP packet received from the IP processing unit 32 into an ether frame and sends it to the device driver 33. The ether processing unit extracts an IP packet from the ether frame received from the device driver 33 and passes it to the IP processing unit 32.

  The device driver 33 is software for controlling the communication device 15 of FIG. The device driver 33 accesses the register of the communication device 15 by reading and writing data to the designated memory address, and thereby controls the communication device 15. Further, the ether frame received from the ether processing unit is sent to the communication device 15. When an Ethernet frame is received from the communication path by the communication device 15, the device driver 33 is executed by interrupting the CPU 11 from the communication device 15, and the device driver 33 receives the Ethernet frame from the communication device 15. The Ethernet frame exchange between the communication device 15 and the device driver 33 is performed by accessing a predetermined memory address. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the CPU 11 of the communication terminal 1 accesses peripheral devices such as the communication device 15 and the working memory 13 using the memory mapped IO. However, other access methods such as port-mapped IO can also be used.

  The communication management unit 34 receives communication activity information (HTTP session start notification, HTTP session end notification) from the HTTP processing unit 4141 of the application software. When the HTTP session end notification is received, a power state setting request (PLM) of the communication device 15 is sent to the device power management unit 35. Further, when the communication management unit 34 receives the HTTP session start notification, it sends a power state setting request (PSM) or a power state setting request (Normal) of the communication device 15 to the device power source management unit 35. The “power supply state setting request (X)” is a request to set the communication device to the X mode. In this way, the communication management unit 34 determines the operation mode of the communication device. It is also possible to determine the operation mode based on an instruction from the user. It is also possible to determine the operation mode according to the setting / release of the connection of the TCP processing unit 31. For example, when the connection is released, it is determined to enter the first operation mode (PLM mode). It is also possible to determine the operation mode according to the start and end of the session on the connection. For example, when the end is detected, it is determined to enter the first operation mode (PLM). The session can be not only an HTTP session but also a session of an arbitrary protocol formed on the connection.

  The device power management unit 35 controls the power state of the communication device 15 by accessing the K register according to the received power state setting request. In the present embodiment, the device power management unit 35 that is compatible only with the communication device 15 is provided, but the external input device 14, the working memory 13, the CPU 11, and their connection interfaces (such as PCI-Express) are all included. It is also possible to provide a power supply state management unit corresponding to these components. In this case, the power state can be managed for each component.

  The terminal power supply state management unit 36 manages the power supply states of all components including the device power supply management unit 35. The terminal power supply state management unit 36 shifts the entire communication terminal 1 to the sleep state, for example, and returns the sleep state to the operation state.

  The application software includes an HTTP processing unit 41, an application data processing unit 42, and an external input / output data processing unit 43.

  The application data processing unit 42 performs processing specific to the application software on the application data received from the HTTP processing unit 41. In the case of a Web browser, HTML data is received as application data, and rendering processing (processing for generating a pixel color or luminance value on the screen) is performed using the received HTML data. Pixel data generated by the rendering process is sent to the external input / output data processing unit 43. Here, in addition to HTML data, various data such as image data, moving image data, and sound data can be considered as application data. Any kind of data can be used as long as it is data to be rendered. The rendering process includes not only pixel data but also any process for generating data in a format corresponding to the output device in order to output information to the outside. For example, the rendering processing unit includes a case where sound data is generated and a case where an LED or the like is controlled.

  Furthermore, the application data may be a program written in JavaScript (registered trademark). At that time, the application data processing unit 42 executes the program, performs rendering processing according to the result, and makes a new HTTP communication request to the HTTP processing unit 41. For example, Google docs of Google Inc. is realized by a program written in JavaScript, and an operation is performed by executing the program in the application data processing unit 42. The program processed by the application data processing unit 42 need not be limited to description in JavaScript, and can be described in various program languages.

  When it becomes necessary to acquire new application data, the application data processing unit 42 transmits an HTTP communication request including the URL. For example, there is a case where an embedded URL is described in the received application data, or a case where it is necessary in the process of executing a program.

  Further, when an external event is received from the external input / output data processing unit 43, pixel data is newly generated and an HTTP communication request is transmitted to the HTTP processing unit 41 accordingly. For example, when the application data processing unit 42 receives the mouse drag event at the scroll bar position in FIG. 10 via the external input / output data processing unit 43, it generates pixel data corresponding to screen scrolling and performs external input / output data processing. Send to part 43. Alternatively, when the application data processing unit 42 receives the mouse click event of the inbox button 84 in FIG. 10 via the external input / output data processing unit 43, the HTTP including the URL for acquiring the received mail list screen in FIG. A communication request is sent to the HTTP processing unit 41.

  When the external input / output data processing unit 43 receives pixel data from the application data processing unit 42, the external input / output data processing unit 43 performs screen display using the pixel data. For example, the screen display as shown in FIG. 10 is performed. In addition, when the external interface unit 85 receives an external event such as a mouse click, it sends this to the application data processing unit.

  FIG. 12 shows the operation of the HTTP processing unit 41. When receiving the HTTP communication request from the application data processing unit 42, the HTTP processing unit 41 sends an HTTP session start notification (session identification information, process identification information, connection identification information) to the communication management unit 34 (S301).

  The session identification information is information for uniquely identifying an HTTP session in the application software, and the presence of this information makes it possible to use a plurality of HTTP sessions with a single application software. The process identification information is information for identifying the process of the application software (in the case of UNIX (registered trademark)). As described above, when the HTTP session start notification includes a set of (session identification information and process identification information), the HTTP session can be uniquely identified in the communication terminal 1.

  Furthermore, the connection identification information is information for identifying a TCP connection used by the HTTP session, and for example, a socket number returned by the OS in a socket () system call can be used. However, when the TCP connection used by the HTTP session is not set, an invalid value, for example, 0 is set.

  Next, the destination address in the URL included in the HTTP communication request and the presence / absence of the TCP connection setting for the port number are confirmed (S302). If not set, the TCP connection is set (S303).

  Next, an HTTP request is transmitted using a TCP connection (S304), and an HTTP response is received (S305). When an HTTP response is received, an HTTP session end notification (session identification information, process identification information, connection identification information) is sent to the communication management unit 34 (S306). At this time, information for identifying the TCP connection used for the HTTP session, for example, a socket number is described in the connection identification information of the HTTP session end notification.

(Screen display)
As described above, in the present embodiment, association can be maintained even in a PLM state with low power consumption, and association disconnection can be detected. Furthermore, it is possible to scan all the CHs in a state where there is no association. Therefore, it is possible to let the user know whether or not communication is possible by performing screen display according to these states.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of the display. The screen example of FIG. 13 includes a peripheral access point display 91 and a connection state display 92, and a power save mode setting button 93 is displayed.

  The connection status display 92 displays either “disconnected” or “connected” depending on the presence or absence of the association. In the case of “connection” display, it is desirable that the SSID of the access point of the connection destination is displayed. Also, the BSSID of the access point to be connected may be displayed at the same time.

  The power save mode setting button 93 can set any of “PLM”, “PSM”, and “NORAMAL”. By pressing the button, a drop-down list is displayed, and one of these settings is selected from the list. In addition, the selected setting is displayed on the surface of the button.

The peripheral access point display 91 is displayed based on the information stored in the P register. In the case of PLM, it does not scan all channels, but it is desirable to display access point information of all channels by holding the contents of the P register in the working memory (Figure 4) for a predetermined period. . In Fig. 13, the access points "FREE", "MYHOME", and "TSB" have been discovered by scanning. It is displayed that the communication terminal 1 has been set (YES). If you want to automatically connect to an access point for which connection information has been set in step S17 (Nico-chan mark) in Fig. 3, select an access point with a high priority set in advance between "FREE" and "MYHOME". Connect automatically.

  As another display example, for example, in the example of FIG. 10, when there is no association in the PLM state, the next mail button is grayed out so that a screen display that newly generates communication cannot be performed. This can be notified to the user. Even when there is no association, for example, if the mail text has already been acquired, there is no need to gray out the previous mail button or the next mail button.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the application software is not communicating, the power state of the communication device 15 is set to a lower power consumption state (PLM) than the operation state (PSM or Normal). It becomes possible to reduce the power consumption of the communication terminal. Furthermore, since the association with the access point can be maintained even when communication is required, it is possible to immediately start communication without impairing user convenience.

(Application to protocols other than HTTP)
Until now, Web browsers were assumed as application software, but other application software and protocols other than HTTP can also be used.

  For example, when the application software is not web browser but mail software, POP3 (mail reception) and SMTP (mail transmission) are used as protocols. Both protocols each use a TCP connection. POP3 sets up a TCP connection with the destination port number 110, and receives mail using the following command on this TCP connection (<> is an argument of the command).

USER <user name>: User name
PASS <password>: Password
LIST: Received mail list request
TOP <message number><number of lines>: Number of mail contents requested after
RETR <message number>: Message acquisition request
DELE <message number>: Email deletion marking request
QUIT: Update (reflect update) or send session close request

  Specifically, the mail software performs user authentication with the USER command and PASS command after setting the TCP connection. After authentication, use the LIST command to get a list of received mail (message number and data size). In the TOP command, mail is specified by the message number, and data is acquired for the specified number of lines. By executing the TOP command for the number of steps specified in the mail list acquired with the LIST command, the received mail list screen similar to that shown in FIG. 9 can be displayed. While the user is searching for the mail to be read, the power consumption of the communication terminal can be reduced by setting the power state of the communication device 15 to D3 while setting the TCP connection. When the user selects mail to read, the power state of the communication device 15 is set to D0, and the RETR command is transmitted using the TCP connection, thereby acquiring the entire mail message selected by the user. After acquisition, the power state of the communication device 15 is changed to D3, and the screen of FIG. 10 is displayed.

  This operation will be described with reference to FIG. Instead of the HTTP processing unit 41, an SMTP processing unit and a POP processing unit are provided. Each of the SMTP processing unit and the POP processing unit sends communication activity information ((SMTP session start notification, SMTP session end notification), (POP session start notification, POP session end notification)) to the communication management unit 34.

  When receiving a session start request from the application software, the communication management unit 34 sends a power supply state setting request (PSM) or a power supply state setting request (Normal) of the communication device 15 to the device power supply management unit 35.

  Further, upon receiving session end requests for all received session start requests, the communication management unit 34 sends a power state setting request (PLM) of the communication device 15 to the device power supply management unit 35.

(Multiple applications)
In FIG. 5, only one application software is shown, but a plurality of application software may be executed. For example, let us consider a case where two web browsers and mail software are executed as application software.

  In this case, the communication management unit 34 receives a (Web / POP / SMTP) session start notification as communication activity information, and when the communication device 15 has a power status other than PLM, the power status setting request (PSM) or the power status Send a setting request (Normal). When (Web / POP / SMTP) session termination notification is received as communication activity information, if there are no unterminated sessions (that is, all sessions are terminated), a power status setting request Send (PLM). The presence / absence of an unfinished session can be determined by taking a correspondence between the session start notification and the session end notification using (session identification information, process identification information) included in the communication activity information.

(Transition timing control to PSM / NORMAL state)
When the communication manager 34 receives a session start notification from the application software, it can also delay sending a power state setting request (PSM) or power state setting request (Noramal) until another session start notification is received. It is. Thereby, the start timings of a plurality of communication sessions can be matched, and the time during which the communication device 15 is in the D0 state can be reduced. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced.

  Here, the communication management unit 34 does not always wait for the second session start request, but after receiving the first session start request, the power supply state setting request (PSM) or the power state only for a predetermined time. It is also possible to wait for transmission of a setting request (Noramal).

  Alternatively, the application software sets an allowable delay time for the session start request, and the communication management unit 34 can delay transmission of the power supply state setting request (PSM) or the power supply state setting request (Noramal) by this allowable delay time. It is.

  Further, the allowable delay time may be set to a larger value as the remaining amount of electricity of the battery 17 held by the communication terminal 1 is smaller. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce power consumption, so that there is little battery residual amount.

(Set to PSM / NORMAL by timer)
The communication management unit 34 sends a power supply state setting request (PSM) or a power supply state setting request (Noramal) even if there is no reception of a session start request after a certain period of time has elapsed after transmitting the power supply state setting request (PLM). ) Is desirable. As a result, the communication terminal 1 can transmit packets other than TCP, for example, UDP and DHCP renew packets. After the transition to PSM or Normal, it is desirable to return to PLM when a predetermined time has elapsed.

  In addition, when Websocket is used, when the communication device 15 is in the PSM or Normal state, it is possible to notify the partner communication terminal that it is in a receivable state and to receive packets from the partner terminal. It becomes.

  Further, when a transmission request for a packet other than TCP such as UDP or DHCP renew packet occurs when the communication device 15 is in the D3 state, it is desirable to do the following. That is, after elapse of a predetermined time after the occurrence of the packet transmission request, the communication management unit 34 may receive a power state setting request (PSM) or a power state setting request (Noramal) even if no session start request is received. It is desirable to make it.

  At this time, different waiting times may be set in advance for each of these packets other than TCP. In this case, a power supply state setting request (PSM) or a power supply state setting request (Noramal) can be sent when a waiting time corresponding to the packet has elapsed after the packet transmission request is generated. In this case, it is desirable that the communication management unit 34 sends a power supply state setting request (PLM) after a predetermined time has further passed.

(How to grasp communication activity)
Until now, the communication management unit 34 received communication activity information from the application software, but this communication activity information should be received from the device driver 33, the IP processing unit 32, or the TCP processing unit 31. Is also possible. In this case, by installing the function to analyze the session request and session response in the device driver 33, the IP processing unit 32, or the TCP processing unit 31, the communication management unit 34 can perform the same processing as before. Become.

  Alternatively, the PLM state can be set when there is no TCP connection being set, and the PSM or NORMAL state can be set when there is a TCP connection being set. In this case, it is desirable that the TCP processing unit 31 sends the communication activity information to the communication management unit.

  Alternatively, the communication management unit 34 may estimate the communication activity information based on the presence / absence of packet transmission / reception. Accordingly, the communication management unit 34 can perform the same processing as before.

(Connection other than TCP connection)
Up to now, the TCP connection has been described as an example, but connections other than the TCP connection can also be targeted. For example, it is possible to target an IPSEC connection of IPSEC communication. In IPSEC communication, a state called a security association is maintained between sending and receiving terminals. This means that IPSEC communication is connection-type communication similar to TCP. This security association is usually set using the IKE (Internet Key Exchange) protocol. This protocol has a high processing load, such as a large number of messages to be processed and a case where the processing includes public key encryption processing. Therefore, in the reconfiguration of the IPSEC connection (security association), the setting processing delay is large and the power consumption due to the processing load is large.

  Therefore, the communication device 15 is shifted to the PLM state while maintaining the IPSEC connection (security association) when there is no transmission / reception packet, and is restored to the PSM or Normal state only during communication. Thereby, both maintenance of convenience and reduction of power consumption can be realized.

  In addition, when the communication device 15 is in the PLM state and the security association software expiration date is reached even if there is no communication, the communication device is returned to PSM or Normal, and the security association is renegotiated with the partner terminal. Connection may be maintained. After that, it is desirable to transition to PLM.

  The above-described IPSEC tunnel is an example, and other tunnels can be targeted. Specifically, various other tunnel protocols such as GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) tunnel, L2TP tunnel, or PPTP are possible.

(Cooperation with user operation activity)
It is also possible to link the state control according to the present embodiment with operation information by the user. For example, when the OS receives an external user event in FIG. 5, the communication device 15 can be shifted from the PLM state to the PSM or Normal state.

  For example, when the user does not operate the communication terminal 1 for a certain period of time, the liquid crystal display included in the communication terminal 1 is shifted to a low power consumption state by turning off the backlight. At this time, the communication device 15 is set to the D3 state. Then, when the user touches the touch panel to turn on the backlight of the liquid crystal display and present the screen to the user, the communication device 15 is set to the D0 state.

  This makes it possible to send and receive UDP and DHCP packets, and display the presence or absence of surrounding printers and UPnP devices on the liquid crystal display. When the screen is not displayed to the user, such a device and service discovery operation is unnecessary. For this reason, when the screen display is not performed, the power consumption can be reduced by setting the communication device 15 to the PSM or Normal state. In addition, by setting the communication device 15 in the PLM state at the timing when the screen is displayed to the user, the waiting time for providing the communication service to the user can be reduced. Therefore, both user convenience and low power consumption can be realized.

  In the above example, the operation of the touch panel is handled as an external event, but other than this, sensing information obtained by a sensor different from the communication device can be used. For example, it is possible to use a frequency of pressing a button, a change in ambient brightness detected by an illuminance sensor, a loudness detected by a microphone, a remaining battery level, or the like.

(Other)
In the present embodiment, the case of performing IPv4 communication has been described as an example. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this, and the present embodiment can also be applied to various packet communication such as IPv6 and X.25.

  In this embodiment, a terminal called an infrastructure mode of IEEE802.11 transmits / receives a frame to / from an access point. In addition to this, the present embodiment can also be applied to a mode in which terminals called ad hoc mode and WiFi Direct transmit and receive frames. In the ad hoc mode, a state where authentication is completed and an encrypted packet can be transmitted is considered as a state where a session is set.

  In this embodiment, IEEE 802.11 has been described as an example. However, as in association, a connection relationship is set with a partner communication device, and frame transmission / reception is performed only while the connection relationship is set. The present embodiment can also be applied to this communication method. Specific examples include Bluetooth (registered trademark) and ZigBee (registered trademark). In Bluetooth (registered trademark), the connection state after exchanging the page request and response can be considered as the state in which the association is set. In Zigbee, associations that are released by association / disassociation operations can be considered as associations. Furthermore, even in communication methods that do not have an explicit connection state at the MAC level, such as wired Ethernet (registered trademark), for example, authentication information is exchanged with a communication device as in RFC5191, and only when authentication is completed. In a network that transfers frames, the present invention can be similarly applied by regarding the authentication state as a connection state setting, that is, an association setting.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.

Claims (6)

A communication terminal that operates a plurality of communication protocols,
A communication device that forms an association with a communication device and communicates with the communication device;
A communication management unit for determining an operation mode of the communication device;
A device power management unit that controls power supply to the communication device according to the operation mode determined by the communication management unit, and
When the first operation mode is determined by the communication management unit, the device power management unit sets the communication device to a first power state where transmission / reception is impossible, and enters the first power state. While being set, for each first cycle, the communication device is set to a second power state in which transmission and reception are possible,
When the communication device is set to the second power state, the communication terminal selects a frame based on an operation state of the plurality of communication protocols, and transmits the selected frame to the communication device via the association. Send
The communication terminal that returns the communication device to the first power state after receiving a response frame corresponding to the selected frame. The association is formed according to a first communication protocol of the plurality of communication protocols;
The communication protocol of the selected frame is a second communication protocol among the plurality of communication protocols,
The second communication protocol is different from the first communication protocol;
The communication terminal according to claim 1. The first communication protocol is a protocol defined in IEEE 802.11, and the second communication protocol is any of TCP, IPSEC, Websocket, ICMP, IKE, GRE, L2TP, PPTP, UDP, and DHCP. The communication terminal according to claim 2. A communication method executed by a communication terminal that operates a plurality of communication protocols,
A communication step of communicating with the communication device by forming an association between the communication device in the communication terminal and the communication device;
A communication activity management step for determining an operation mode of the communication device;
A device power state management step for controlling power supply to the communication device according to the operation mode determined by the communication activity management step;
When the first operation mode is determined as the operation mode, the communication device is set to a first power supply state in which transmission / reception is impossible, and after the first power supply state is set, the first power supply state is set. For each cycle, setting the communication device to a second power state in which transmission and reception are possible;
When the communication device is set to the second power state, selecting a frame based on an operation status of the plurality of communication protocols, and transmitting the selected frame to the communication device via the association;
And a step of returning the communication device to the first power state after receiving a response frame corresponding to the selected frame. The association is formed according to a first communication protocol of the plurality of communication protocols;
The communication protocol of the selected frame is a second communication protocol among the plurality of communication protocols,
The second communication protocol is different from the first communication protocol;
The communication method according to claim 4. The first communication protocol is a protocol defined in IEEE 802.11,
The communication method according to claim 5, wherein the second communication protocol is any one of TCP, IPSEC, Websocket, ICMP, IKE, GRE, L2TP, PPTP, UDP, and DHCP.

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