JP2015130784A - Power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generator with a large power generation amount.SOLUTION: A pressing member of a power generator 1 includes: a one portion pressing part 14; and the other portion pressing part 15. The pressing members 14, 15 are movable among a first position where a piezoelectric plate 111 has a shape in a first state, a second position where a second cushioning material 14 presses a part of the piezoelectric plate 111 to make the piezoelectric plate 111 to be a shape in a second state deformed with respect to the shape in the first state, and a third position where, when the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed to the shape in the second state, the other portion pressing part 15 presses a portion other than the part of the piezoelectric plate 111 to make the piezoelectric plate 111 to be a third shape.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generator that includes a piezoelectric plate installed in a passage through which a moving body such as a person passes, and that outputs electricity generated by the piezoelectric plate when the moving body passes over the piezoelectric plate. .

  In recent years, various power generation apparatuses using piezoelectric plates made of piezoelectric elements and formed in a plate shape have been proposed. For example, a piezoelectric plate is installed in a passage through which a moving body such as a person or a vehicle passes, and electricity generated by the piezoelectric plate is output when the moving body passes over the piezoelectric plate. A power generation device has been proposed (see Non-Patent Document 1, etc.).

JP 2011-250520 A JP 2013-146180 A JP 2011-153469 A

Miaki Kobayashi, Hiroko Hayashi, Yoshiaki Muto, “Latest Trends in Energy Harvesting (Floor Power Generation System)”, [online], CMC Publishing Co., Ltd., [searched November 29, 2013], Internet <URL : http: //www.neuro.sfc.keio.ac.jp/publications/pdf/cmc.pdf>

  When using a conventional power generation device, use electric power generated by the passage of a moving body such as a person to send a signal by radio waves, open and close an automatic door, etc., or activate an alarm device installed at a remote location However, the amount of power generation was limited in the applications to be performed. For this reason, the reachable distance of radio waves and the information that can be transmitted are limited, and a power generation device with a larger amount of power generation has been required. An object of the present invention is to provide a power generation device with a larger amount of power generation.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a piezoelectric plate, a support member that supports the piezoelectric plate, and a piezoelectric plate that extends from the opposite side of the piezoelectric plate to the support member in the direction of the support member. A pressing member that presses, and the pressing member has a partial pressing portion and another pressing portion, and a first position when the piezoelectric plate has the shape of the first state. And a second position in which the partial pressing portion presses a part of the piezoelectric plate so that the piezoelectric plate is deformed with respect to the shape of the first state. When the piezoelectric plate is deformed into the shape of the second state, the other portion pressing portion presses a portion other than a part of the piezoelectric plate, and the piezoelectric plate is moved to the third state. It is an electric power generating apparatus which can move between the 3rd position made into a shape.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the support member is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, has a plate shape that is arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate, and the partial pressing portion. Is composed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, has a partial pressing surface that presses a part of the piezoelectric plate, and the other portion pressing portion is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed. It has a plate-like shape arranged in parallel with the plate, has an other portion pressing surface that presses a portion other than a portion of the piezoelectric plate, and the partial pressing surface of the partial pressing portion is the pressing member Is located at a position closer to the piezoelectric plate than the other portion pressing surface.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in claim 2, the elastic member constituting the partial pressing portion is softer than the elastic member constituting the other portion pressing portion.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the support member is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and has a plate shape that is arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate, and the partial pressing portion. Is composed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, has a partial pressing surface that presses a part of the piezoelectric plate, and the other portion pressing portion is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed. The elastic member that has a plate-like shape arranged in parallel with the plate, has an other portion pressing surface that presses a portion other than a portion of the piezoelectric plate, and constitutes the portion pressing portion is the other portion pressing The partial pressing surface of the partial pressing portion has a positional relationship that is flush with the other pressing surface when the pressing member is in the first position. It is characterized by that.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the second to fourth aspects, at least a part of the partial pressing portion can be accommodated between the partial pressing surface and the other portion pressing surface. A partial pressing portion accommodating space is formed.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the partial pressure portion according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the partial pressing portion is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed and faces the piezoelectric plate. The other end portion of the one end portion is fixed to a partial fixing member, and the portion of the partial fixing member that fixes the partial pressing portion is recessed in a direction away from the piezoelectric plate, and the partial pressing portion It has the partial press part accommodation recessed part which can accommodate this.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that in any one of the first to fifth aspects, a part of the piezoelectric plate is a central portion of the piezoelectric plate.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the piezoelectric plate is electrically connected to a rectifier circuit.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power generation device with a larger amount of power generation.

It is a schematic plan view which shows a mode that the upper board 16 and the 3rd shock absorbing material 15 were removed from the electric power generation floor 10 of the electric power generating apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1 by this invention. 2 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of a piezoelectric plate 111 in a state before a power generation floor 10 is stepped on. FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of a piezoelectric plate 111 in a state when a power generation floor 10 starts to be stepped on. FIG. It is an expansion schematic sectional drawing which shows the mode of the piezoelectric material board 111 of a state when the electric power generation floor 10 is further stepped on. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electric power generating apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1 by this invention. It is a graph which shows the voltage of the electricity generated by power generator 1A of Embodiment 2 by the present invention. It is an expansion schematic sectional drawing which shows the 2nd shock absorbing material 14B and the 3rd shock absorbing material 15B of the electric power generating apparatus of Embodiment 3 by this invention. It is an expansion schematic sectional drawing which shows the mode of the 2nd shock absorbing material 14 before the power generation floor of Embodiment 4 by this invention is stepped on. It is an expansion schematic sectional drawing which shows the mode of the 2nd shock absorbing material 14 when the electric power generation floor of the electric power generating apparatus of Embodiment 4 by this invention is stepped on. It is an expansion schematic sectional drawing which shows the mode of the piezoelectric material board 111 of the state before the power generation floor of Embodiment 5 by this invention is stepped on. It is a graph which shows the voltage of the electricity generated by the power generator of Embodiment 5 by the present invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a power generator according to the present invention will be described. First, the first embodiment will be described.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view illustrating a state in which the upper plate 16 and the third buffer material 15 are removed from the power generation floor 10 of the power generation apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of the piezoelectric plate 111 in a state before the power generation floor 10 is stepped on. FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of the piezoelectric plate 111 in a state when the power generation floor 10 starts to be stepped on. FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the piezoelectric plate 111 when the power generation floor 10 is further stepped on. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the power generator 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  Here, for convenience of explanation, a direction from the lower plate 17 to the upper plate 16 which will be described later is defined as an upward direction D11, an opposite direction is defined as a downward direction D12, and these are defined as a vertical direction D1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the electric power generating apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1 is the piezoelectric material board 111, the metal plate 112, the 1st buffer material 13 as a supporting member, and the 2nd buffer as a partial press part. A power generation floor 10 having a material 14, a third cushioning material 15 as an other portion pressing portion, an upper plate 16, a lower plate 17, and electrodes (not shown), a metal plate 112 and electrodes (not shown). 2) and a power storage device 30 (see FIG. 5). The second cushioning material 14 and the third cushioning material 15 constitute a pressing member.

  The piezoelectric plate 111 is constituted by a piezoelectric element formed in a disc shape. Electric power is generated by the so-called long side direction extension vibration, thickness direction vibration, radial direction vibration, longitudinal vibration, thickness shear vibration, and the like acting on the piezoelectric plate 111. The piezoelectric plate 111 has a diameter of about 25.3 mm and a thickness of about 0.53 mm.

  The metal plate 112 has a disk shape and is made of, for example, brass. The metal plate 112 is disposed in a coaxial positional relationship with the piezoelectric plate 111. A piezoelectric plate 111 is bonded and fixed on the metal plate 112 and is electrically connected. The diameter of the metal plate 112 is about 35.0 mm, and the thickness is about 0.3 mm. As the piezoelectric plate 111 (hereinafter referred to as “fixed piezoelectric plate 11”) fixed to the metal plate 112, for example, a piezoelectric diaphragm 7BB-35-3 manufactured by Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. is used. A plurality of fixed piezoelectric plates 11 are provided and laid out in accordance with the size of the power generation floor 10 (automatic door mat), and these are all electrically connected in parallel.

  The first buffer material 13 is made of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, for example, a plate-shaped plain rubber disposed in parallel to the piezoelectric plate 111. The thickness of the first buffer material 13 is about 2.2 mm. The fixed piezoelectric plate 11 is placed on the first buffer material 13. Accordingly, the first buffer material 13 supports the piezoelectric plate 111 and the metal plate 112, but when the piezoelectric plate 111 is pressed, the first buffer material 13 is integrated with the metal plate 112, and the piezoelectric plate 111 is elongated in the longitudinal direction. And vibrations in the thickness direction are allowed to act.

  The second cushioning material 14 is made of an elastic member that is softer than the elastic member constituting the third cushioning material 15 and is elastically deformable. For example, an annular Viton (registered trademark) O-ring made of silicon rubber is used. Etc. The height of the second cushioning material 14 in the axial direction, that is, the vertical direction D1 is about 1.2 mm. The second buffer material 14 is in a positional relationship coaxial with the axis of the piezoelectric plate 111, and the lower end of the second buffer material 14 is located at the central portion 114 of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate 111 as a part of the piezoelectric plate 111. It arrange | positions so that it may contact | abut. The upper end of the second cushioning material 14 is in contact with the lower surface of the upper plate 16. Therefore, when the upper plate 16 is pressed downward, the lower end surface of the second cushioning material 14 as the partial pressing surface 141 presses the central portion 114 of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate 111. As a result, the piezoelectric plate 111 has a second state that is deformed with respect to the first state of the piezoelectric plate 111 when the upper plate 16 is not pressed downward.

  The third cushioning material 15 is made of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and is made of, for example, a plate-like plain rubber disposed in parallel to the piezoelectric plate 111. The thickness of the third buffer material 15 is about 2.2 mm. The upper end of the third cushioning material 15 is fixed in contact with the lower surface of the upper plate 16. The lower end surface of the third buffer material 15 as the other portion pressing surface 151 is a portion other than a portion of the piezoelectric plate 111 other than the central portion 114 of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate 111 (hereinafter referred to as “piezoelectric plate”). It is possible to contact the upper surface other portion 115 ”. Further, the partial pressing surface 141 of the second cushioning material 14 is positioned closer to the piezoelectric plate 111 than the other pressing surface 151 of the third cushioning material 15 when the pressing member is in a first position described later. That is, it is in the position of the downward direction D12. Therefore, when the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed to the shape of the second state, the upper plate 16 is further pressed downward, so that the third buffer material 15 widens the other portion 115 of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate. Press downward simultaneously in area. As a result, the piezoelectric plate 111 has a shape of the third state in which the piezoelectric plate 111 is returned to a shape closer to a plate shape with respect to the shape of the piezoelectric plate 111 in the second state. .

  The pressing member constituted by the second buffer material 14 and the third buffer material 15 is in the first position when the piezoelectric plate 111 has the shape of the first state shown in FIG. The pressing member is in the second position when the piezoelectric plate 111 has the shape of the second state shown in FIG. The pressing member is in the third position when the piezoelectric plate 111 has the shape of the third state shown in FIG. As described above, the pressing member constituted by the second buffer material 14 and the third buffer material 15 is movable between the first position, the second position, and the third position. The pressing member moves from the first position to the third position, so that the lower side in the direction of the first buffer material 13 from the upper side, which is the side opposite to the first buffer material 13, with respect to the piezoelectric plate 111. The piezoelectric plate 111 is pressed in the direction D12.

  The upper plate 16 is made of a plate-like elastic member that is harder than the first cushioning material 13 to the second cushioning material 14 but is elastically deformable when a person's weight acts downward, For example, it is composed of an acrylic plate. The thickness of the upper plate 16 is about 3 mm. The upper plate 16 covers all of the plurality of fixed piezoelectric plates 11 provided from above, and is bonded and fixed to the second buffer material 14 and the third buffer material 15. The lower plate 17 is made of an elastically deformable plate-like elastic member made of the same material as the upper plate 16, and is made of, for example, an acrylic plate. The thickness of the lower plate 17 is about 3 mm. The lower plate 17 covers all of the plurality of fixed piezoelectric plates 11 provided from below, and is bonded and fixed to the first buffer material 13.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the piezoelectric plate 111 is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 20 by a conducting wire. Specifically, the lower surface of the piezoelectric plate 111 is electrically connected to the conducting wire via the metal plate 112. In addition, the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate 111 is electrically connected to a conducting wire via an electrode (not shown). These conducting wires and electrodes are electrically connected to the power storage device 30 through a rectifier circuit 20 including four diodes 21. As the diode 21, for example, a Schottky diode RB721Q-40T-77 manufactured by ROHM is used. As the power storage device 30, for example, a capacitor having a capacity of 19.4 μFarad is used. For convenience of explanation, the conductive wires and the electrodes are not shown in FIGS.

  Next, the operation of the power generator 1 will be described. When a person is not stepping on the upper plate 16 on the power generation floor 10, the pressing member constituted by the second cushioning material 14 and the third cushioning material 15 is in the first position as shown in FIG. At this time, the piezoelectric plate 111 is not pressed in the downward direction D12 and has a flat plate shape which is the shape of the first state. Next, when a person starts stepping on the upper plate 16, the pressing member is in the second position as shown in FIG. The partial pressing surface 141 of the second cushioning material 14 is located in the lower direction D12 relative to the other pressing surface 151 of the third cushioning material 15, and the partial pressing portion protrudes in the downward direction D12. At this time, the central portion 114 on the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate 111 is pressed in the downward direction D12 only by the first pressing portion. At this time, since the first buffer member 13 that supports the piezoelectric plate 111 and the metal plate 112 is elastically deformable, as shown in FIG. 3, the central portion 114 of the piezoelectric plate 111 is deep in the downward direction D12. The piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed so as to sink, and has the shape of the second state. At this time, so-called long-side direction extension vibration acts on the piezoelectric plate 111, and the piezoelectric plate 111 generates electric power.

  Further, when the person continues to step on the upper plate 16, the pressing member is in the third position as shown in FIG. The other portion pressing surface 151 of the third cushioning material 15 abuts on the piezoelectric plate upper surface other portion 115. At this time, since the second shock absorbing material 14 is softer than the third shock absorbing material 15, the deformation of the sinking of the central portion 114 of the piezoelectric plate 111 in the downward direction D12 by the second shock absorbing material 14 does not proceed any further. . On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the third buffer member 15 presses the entire other portion 115 of the piezoelectric plate upper surface 115 in the downward direction D12, so that the piezoelectric plate 111 has the shape of the second state. It has a shape in the third state that is closer to a plate shape.

  As described above, when the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed from the shape of the second state and returned to the plate shape to be the shape of the third state, the piezoelectric plate 111 is changed from the shape of the first state to the first state. Electricity having a polarity opposite to that when the shape is deformed into the shape of 2 is generated. However, since the rectifier circuit 20 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric plate 111, the electricity generated in the piezoelectric plate 111 has a polarity when deformed from the shape of the first state to the shape of the second state. And is stored in the power storage device 30. Further, when the piezoelectric plate 111 is returned to a plate shape and further pressed in the downward direction D12 in the state to be in the third state, the piezoelectric plate 111 has a so-called thickness direction vibration. The piezoelectric plate 111 acts to generate power. Although the third shape of the piezoelectric plate 111 has been described as “plate shape”, it does not mean a completely flat plate shape. Compared to the shape of the second state, the third shape is closer to a completely flat plate shape, and is slightly deformed compared to a completely flat plate shape Is also included.

  According to the electric power generating apparatus 1 of Embodiment 1 mentioned above, there exist the following effects. As described above, the power generation device 1 includes the piezoelectric plate 111, the first buffer material 13 as a support member that supports the piezoelectric plate 111, and the side opposite to the second buffer material 14 with respect to the piezoelectric plate 111. A pressing member that presses the piezoelectric plate 111 in the direction of the second buffer material 14 is provided. When the pressing member has the second cushioning material 14 as the partial pressing portion and the third cushioning material 15 as the other portion pressing portion, the piezoelectric plate 111 has the shape of the first state. And the second buffer material 14 presses the central portion 114 as a part of the piezoelectric plate 111, and the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed with respect to the shape of the first state. The second position to be the shape of the state, and the piezoelectric body as a portion other than a part of the piezoelectric body plate 111 when the piezoelectric body plate 111 is deformed to the shape of the second state The plate upper surface other portion 115 is pressed to move between the third position where the piezoelectric plate 111 has a third shape.

  With the above configuration, when a person steps on the power generation floor 10 once, the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed from the shape of the first state to the shape of the second state, and then deformed to the shape of the third state. Can do. At this time, when the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed from the shape of the first state to the shape of the second state, the long vibration in the long side direction acts on the piezoelectric plate 111. Further, when the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed from the shape of the second state to the shape of the third state, the piezoelectric plate 111 is subjected to long-side extension vibration, and then the thickness direction vibration is applied. To do. For this reason, compared with the conventional electric power generating apparatus 1, a very high voltage and a lot of electric charges can be obtained. As a result, in applications that use electricity generated by the passage of mobile objects such as people to transmit signals by radio waves, open and close automatic doors, etc., or operate alarm devices installed at remote locations, Can be made longer, and more various information can be transmitted by radio waves.

  The first buffer material 13 as a support member is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and has a plate shape that is arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate 111. The second buffer material 14 is made of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and has a partial pressing surface 141 that presses a part of the piezoelectric plate 111. The third buffer member 15 is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, has a plate shape arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate 111, and presses a portion other than a part of the piezoelectric plate 111. 151. When the pressing member is in the first position, the partial pressing surface 141 of the second cushioning material 14 as the partial pressing portion is positioned closer to the piezoelectric plate 111 than the other pressing surface 151.

  With the above configuration, in the power generation device 1 with a simple configuration, when a person steps on the power generation floor 10 once, the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed from the shape in the first state to the shape in the second state. It can be deformed to the shape of state 3.

  Moreover, the elastic member which comprises the 2nd shock absorbing material 14 as a one part press part is softer than the elastic member which comprises the 3rd shock absorbing material 15 as another part press part. With this configuration, after the second cushioning material 14 is sufficiently compressed, the third cushioning material 15 can press the other surface 115 of the piezoelectric plate upper surface, and the piezoelectric plate 111 can be moved from the second state to the second state. It can be deformed to the shape of state 3.

  A part of the piezoelectric plate 111 is a central portion 114 of the piezoelectric plate 111. With this configuration, by sufficiently deforming the piezoelectric plate 111 from the shape in the first state to the shape in the second state, it is possible to apply sufficient long-side direction extension vibration to the piezoelectric plate 111.

  The piezoelectric plate 111 is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 20. With this configuration, when the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed from the shape of the second state to the shape of the third state, the piezoelectric plate 111 is deformed from the shape of the first state to the shape of the second state. Electricity with the opposite polarity to that generated is generated, but the generated electricity can be rectified into electricity with the opposite polarity.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment of the power generator according to the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, the third cushioning material 15 is not provided, and is different from the first embodiment in that the upper plate 16 constitutes the other portion pressing portion. Since the other points are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the voltage of electricity generated by the power generator 1A according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  In the power generation device, the third cushioning material 15 is not provided. For this reason, a press member is comprised by the 2nd shock absorbing material 14 and the upper board 16, and the upper board 16 comprises an other part press part. The lower surface of the upper plate 16 constitutes another portion pressing surface. When a person starts to step on the upper plate 16, the pressing member is in the second position, and further, when the person continues to step on the upper plate 16, the pressing member moves to the third position. At this time, the lower surface of the upper plate 16 comes into contact with the other portion 115 of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate. Thereby, the lower surface of the upper plate 16 simultaneously presses the entire upper surface other portion 115 of the piezoelectric plate in the downward direction D12, so that the piezoelectric plate 111 is more plate-like than the shape in the second state. , Will have the shape of the third state.

  In the power generator, 14 fixed piezoelectric plates 11 are provided, and a set in which four fixed piezoelectric plates 11 are arranged in a row and electrically connected in parallel is arranged in two rows in parallel. 2 sets, 3 sets of fixed piezoelectric plates 11 arranged in a row and electrically connected in parallel, and 2 sets arranged in 2 rows in parallel, for a total of 4 sets. It is configured. These four sets are electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 20. Electricity generated in these four sets is rectified independently in each rectifier circuit 20 for each set.

Next, the test which tests the effect of this invention was done using the electric power generating apparatus. In the test, the power generation device was set as Example 2, and the first buffer material 13 and the second buffer material 14 were removed from Example 2 as Comparative Example 1, and the first buffer material 13 was removed from Example 2. Was referred to as Comparative Example 2. Then, an adult male having a weight of about 60 kg repeatedly performed “stepping on the power generation floor 10 with one foot and then releasing the foot on the power generation floor 10 from the power generation floor 10” 10 times to generate power. The test results are as shown in FIG. 6, Table 1 and Table 2.

  For example, in the graph of Embodiment 2 in FIG. 6, the voltage increases rapidly from 0V to around 3V with time. During this time, the voltage changes rapidly by stepping on the power generation floor 10 once. After that, the potential change decreases around 3V. Next, by separating the foot that is stepping on the power generation floor 10 from the power generation floor 10, the voltage suddenly increases from around 3V to around 5V. Thereafter, the two electrodes of the capacitor are short-circuited, so that the voltage becomes 0V. This series of operations is repeated 10 times. Finally, the power generation floor 10 is stepped on once and the test is completed. In Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, although the voltage value is different from that in the second embodiment, the voltage is repeatedly raised and lowered in the same manner.

  As shown in FIG. 6, Table 1, and Table 2, in the comparative example 1, the voltage of the generated electricity is less than 1 V (volt), and is 0.736 V on average. The power generation amount is 14.28 μC (Coulomb), and the power generation amount per piezoelectric plate 111 is 1.02 μC. From this, it can be seen that in Comparative Example 1, the piezoelectric plate 111 is not easily deformed, and long-side extension vibration or the like is unlikely to occur. In Comparative Example 2, the voltage of the generated electricity is about twice that of Comparative Example 1, and is 1.747V on average. The power generation amount is 33.89 μC, and the power generation amount per piezoelectric plate 111 is 2.42 μC. From this, it can be seen that, in Comparative Example 2, the longitudinal vibration in the long side direction is more likely to occur in the piezoelectric plate 111 than in Comparative Example 1 due to the elastic deformation of the first buffer material 13.

  On the other hand, in Example 2, the voltage of the generated electricity is a little less than 5V, which is 4.532V on average. The power generation amount is 87.92 μC, and the power generation amount per piezoelectric plate 111 is 6.28 μC. This value is 6 times or more compared with Comparative Example 1. Even compared with Comparative Example 2, it is about 2-3 times. From this, it can be seen that in Example 2, the long side direction vibration and the thickness direction vibration are surely generated, a high voltage can be obtained, and a large amount of charge can be generated.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, Embodiment 3 of the power generator according to the present invention will be described. In the third embodiment, the positional relationship between the partial pressing surface 141B and the other portion pressing surface 151B is different, and the second buffer material 14B as the partial pressing portion and the third buffer material 15B as the other pressing portion. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the hardness relationship is different. Since the other points are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the second shock absorbing material 14B and the third shock absorbing material 15B of the power generating apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  The elastic member constituting the second cushioning material 14B is harder than the elastic member constituting the third cushioning material 15B. Further, when the elastic member constituting the third buffer material 15B moves from the second position to the third position, the elastic member contacts the piezoelectric plate upper surface other portion 115 and moves the piezoelectric plate upper surface other portion 115 downward. By pressing to D12, compression is performed in the vertical direction D1. An elastic member made of a material that has the same hardness as the already compressed second shock absorbing material 14B is used as the third shock absorbing material 15B. Moreover, when the pressing member is in the first position, the partial pressing surface 141B of the partial pressing portion has a flush positional relationship with the other pressing surface 151B as shown in FIG.

  With such a configuration, the central portion 114 (see FIG. 2 and the like) of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate 111 and the other portion 115 (see FIG. 2 and the like) of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate have a pressing member positioned at the first to second positions. The central portion 114 is pressed downward D12 more than the other portion 115 of the piezoelectric plate upper surface, and the central portion 114 of the piezoelectric plate 111 sinks deeply downward D12. Thus, the piezoelectric plate 111 has a shape in the second state.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, Embodiment 4 of the power generator according to the present invention will be described. In the fourth embodiment, the upper plate 16C is different from the second embodiment in that the upper plate 16C has a partial pressing portion accommodating recess 161C. Since the other points are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of the second cushioning material 14 before the power generation floor of the power generation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is stepped on. FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the second cushioning material 14 when the power generation floor of the power generation apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is stepped on.

  The other end (upper end) with respect to one end (lower end) of the second buffer material 14 as a partial pressing portion facing the piezoelectric plate 111 is fixed to the upper plate 16C as a partial fixing member. The portion of the upper plate 16C that fixes the second cushioning material 14 has a partial pressing portion accommodating recess 161C. The partial pressing portion accommodating recess 161C is recessed in an upward direction D11 that is a direction away from the piezoelectric plate 111 on the lower surface of the upper plate 16C. The size of the partial pressing portion accommodating recess 161C is such that when the pressing member constituted by the second cushioning material 14 and the upper plate 16C is in the third position, the entire second cushioning material 14 as the partial pressing portion. Is accommodated so that the partial pressing portion accommodating recess 161C is filled.

  With such a configuration, when the pressing member is in the third position, the compressed second cushioning material 14 can be accommodated in the partial pressing portion accommodating recess 161C, and the upper plate 16C and the partial pressing portion are accommodated. The piezoelectric material plate 111 can be pressed in the downward direction D12 by the second cushioning material 14 accommodated in the recess 161C, so that the piezoelectric material plate 111 can be shaped like a third plate.

(Embodiment 5)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the power generator according to the present invention will be described. In the fifth embodiment, a partial pressing portion accommodation space 161D capable of accommodating a part of the second cushioning material 14D as the partial pressing portion is formed between the partial pressing surface 141D and the other portion pressing surface 151D. This is different from the first embodiment. Further, the other portion pressing portion is a portion of the third cushioning material 15D, and is configured by an annular portion 153D, and the other portion pressing surface 151D is configured by a lower surface of the annular portion 153D. Different from Form 1. Further, the dimensions and materials of the second cushioning material 14D and the third cushioning material 15D are different from the dimensions and materials of the second cushioning material 14 and the third cushioning material 15 in the first embodiment. Since the other points are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the piezoelectric plate 111 in a state before the power generation floor of the power generation apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is stepped on. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the voltage of electricity generated by the power generator of Embodiment 5 according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the portion of the third cushioning material 15D located in the vicinity of the second cushioning material 14D is configured to have a small thickness in the vertical direction D1, and the lower surface of this portion 155D is the third cushioning material. The lower surface of 15D is positioned above the lower surface of other portion 153D (other portion pressing surface 151D) other than this portion. For this reason, a partial pressing portion accommodating space 161D is formed between the partial pressing surface 141D and the other portion pressing surface 151D, and the partial pressing surface 141D and the other portion pressing surface 151D are separated from each other. Have a relationship. The partial pressing portion accommodating space 161D is formed in an annular shape around the second cushioning material 14D so as to surround the second cushioning material 14D on a plane orthogonal to the vertical direction D1. On the plane perpendicular to the up-down direction D1, which is a portion of the third cushioning material 15D, a portion 153D radially outside the partial pressing portion receiving space 161D is located outside the partial pressing portion receiving space 161D. It has a plate-like annular shape and is arranged in a coaxial positional relationship with respect to the second cushioning material 14D so as to surround the partial pressing portion accommodating space 161D.

  The height of the second cushioning material 14D in the axial direction, that is, the vertical direction D1, is about 5 mm. The diameter of the second buffer material 14D is about 15 mm. The second buffer material 14D is made of, for example, NR black cell sponge made by Shinoda Rubber Co., Ltd. The hardness of the second buffer material 14D is about 22 to 24 as measured by a measuring instrument (C type) corresponding to JIS K7312.

  The inner diameter of the annular portion 153D of the third cushioning material 15D is about 30 mm, and the outer diameter of the annular portion 153D of the third cushioning material 15D is about 35 mm. The height of the annular portion 153D of the third cushioning material 15D in the axial direction, that is, the vertical direction D1, is about 1.25 mm. The height of the portion 155D of the third cushioning material 15D between the annular portion of the third cushioning material 15D and the second cushioning material 14D, that is, the height in the vertical direction D1, is 0.95 mm or less. It is. The third buffer material 15D is made of rubber harder than the black cell sponge. Moreover, the hardness of the 1st buffer material 13 is about 5 by the measured value by the measuring device (C type | mold) corresponding to JISK7312.

  Next, a voltage obtained from one piezoelectric plate 111 of the power generation device was measured, and a test for testing the effect of the present invention was performed. In the test, one piezoelectric plate 111, one metal plate 112, the first buffer material 13, one second buffer material 14D, one third buffer material 15D, and the top constituting the power generation device. One unit constituted by the plate 16 and the lower plate 17 was taken as Example 5.

  Further, Comparative Example 3 was obtained by removing the third buffer material 15D from Example 5. Further, Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5 were obtained using a third buffer material having an annular portion that is thinner than the annular portion 153D of the third buffer material 15D of Example 5. The height of the annular portion of the third cushioning material in Comparative Example 4 in the axial direction, that is, the vertical direction D1 is about 0.88 mm. The axial direction of the annular portion of the third cushioning material in Comparative Example 5, that is, the height in the vertical direction D1 is about 0.95 mm.

  In the test, one unit (Example 5, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, and Comparative Example 5) was pressed once at a speed of 25 mm / second in the axial direction of the second cushioning material 14D with a pressing force of about 203 N. did. Thereby, the pressing member constituted by the second buffer material and the third buffer material was changed from the first position to the third position through the second position. At that time, the voltage output from the piezoelectric plate 111 was measured. This voltage value is a voltage value directly output from the piezoelectric plate 111 and is different from a value obtained by measuring a voltage between terminals of the power storage device 30 (capacitor) as in the second embodiment. . The test results are as shown in FIG.

  As shown by a solid line in FIG. 11, in the case of Example 5, both a voltage exceeding 30V which is a positive voltage and a voltage exceeding −40V which is a negative voltage could be measured. In Example 5, the obtained electric power is 200 μJ, and the obtained electric charge is 3.5 μC. For this reason, it turns out that both the positive voltage and the negative voltage can be effectively used by connecting the rectifier circuit 20 of the first embodiment.

  In contrast, in the case of Comparative Example 3, a positive voltage could be measured, but a negative voltage could not be measured. Moreover, in the case of the comparative example 4 and the comparative example 5, although the positive voltage and the negative voltage were able to be measured, the absolute value of the negative voltage with respect to the positive voltage is small, and it is enough Negative voltage cannot be obtained. From this result, after the piezoelectric plate 111 is pressed by the second buffer material 14D, the piezoelectric plate 111 is pressed by the other portion pressing surface 151D of the annular portion 153D as the other portion pressing portion of the third buffer material 15D. Otherwise, the piezoelectric plate 111 does not output a negative voltage, and after the piezoelectric plate 111 is pressed by the second buffer material 14D, an annular ring as the other pressing portion of the third buffer material 15D. It can be seen that the piezoelectric plate 111 cannot sufficiently output a negative voltage unless the piezoelectric plate 111 is sufficiently pressed by the other portion pressing surface 151D of the portion 153D.

  According to the electric power generating apparatus 1 of Embodiment 5 mentioned above, there exist the following effects. As described above, the partial pressing portion accommodating space 161D that can accommodate a part of the second cushioning material 14D as the partial pressing portion is formed between the partial pressing surface 141D and the other portion pressing surface 151D. Yes. For this reason, a part of the second cushioning material 14D elastically deformed by the pressing force is accommodated by easily entering a part of the pressing portion accommodating space 161D. As a result, the second buffer material 14D can be sufficiently elastically deformed, and the piezoelectric plate 111 can be reliably and sufficiently pressed by the third buffer material 15D.

(Deformation)
The power generator according to the present invention is not limited to the contents of Embodiments 1 to 4 described above, and various modifications and changes as described below are possible.

  For example, the configuration of the piezoelectric floor, the size and number of each configuration, the electrical connection of the piezoelectric plate to the rectifier circuit, the configuration of the power storage device, and the like are not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment. Further, the material constituting the piezoelectric floor is not limited to the material described in the present embodiment. For example, the second buffer members 14 and 14B are in contact with and pressed against the central portion 114 of the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate 111, but are not limited to the central portion 114. In addition, one second buffer material 14 and 14B is provided for one piezoelectric plate 111, but the number is not limited to one, and a plurality of second buffer materials 14 and 14B may be pressed. Further, the size and shape of the second cushioning material are not limited to the size and shape of the second cushioning materials 14 and 14B of the present embodiment.

  Further, a space for easily deforming the piezoelectric plate 111 may be formed below the piezoelectric plate 111. For example, a through-hole penetrating in the vertical direction is formed in a portion of the first buffer material 13 located below the piezoelectric plate 111, and further depressed downward in a portion of the lower plate 17 located therebelow. A recess may be formed.

  In the fourth embodiment, a part of the second cushioning material 14D elastically deformed by the pressing force partially enters the pressing portion accommodating space 161D, but is not limited thereto. The partial pressing portion accommodating space only needs to be able to accommodate at least a part of the partial pressing portion. Therefore, a part of the third cushioning material 15D elastically deformed by the pressing force may partially enter the pressing portion accommodating space 161D.

1: power generation device, 13: first cushioning material (support member), 14, 14B, 14D: second cushioning material (pressing member, partial pressing portion), 15, 15D: third cushioning material (pressing member, other portion) Pressing part), 16, 16C: upper plate (pressing member, other part pressing part), 114: central part, 115: other part on the upper surface of the piezoelectric plate, 141, 141D: partial pressing surface, 151, 151D: other part pressing Surface, 153D: annular portion (partly pressing part), 161C: partly pressing part accommodating recess, 161D: partly pressing part accommodating space,

Claims (8)

A piezoelectric plate;
A support member for supporting the piezoelectric plate;
A pressing member that presses the piezoelectric plate in the direction of the support member from the side opposite to the support member with respect to the piezoelectric plate;
The pressing member has a partial pressing portion and an other portion pressing portion, and the first position when the piezoelectric plate has a shape in the first state, and the partial pressing portion is the A second position in which a part of the piezoelectric plate is pressed to change the piezoelectric plate into a second state shape deformed with respect to the first state shape, and the piezoelectric plate is the second position. A third position in which the other portion pressing portion presses a portion other than a part of the piezoelectric plate to make the piezoelectric plate a third shape, Power generator that is movable between. The support member is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and has a plate shape arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate,
The partial pressing portion is made of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and has a partial pressing surface that presses a part of the piezoelectric plate,
The other portion pressing portion is composed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, has a plate shape arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate, and presses a portion other than a portion of the piezoelectric plate. Have
2. The power generation according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressing surface of the partial pressing portion is located closer to the piezoelectric plate than the other portion pressing surface when the pressing member is in the first position. apparatus.   The power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member constituting the partial pressing portion is softer than the elastic member constituting the other portion pressing portion. The support member is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and has a plate shape arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate,
The partial pressing portion is made of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, and has a partial pressing surface that presses a part of the piezoelectric plate,
The other portion pressing portion is composed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, has a plate shape arranged in parallel to the piezoelectric plate, and presses a portion other than a portion of the piezoelectric plate. Have
The elastic member that constitutes the partial pressing portion is harder than the elastic member that constitutes the other portion pressing portion,
The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressing surface of the partial pressing portion has a flush positional relationship with the other portion pressing surface when the pressing member is in the first position.   Any one of Claims 2-4 in which the partial press part accommodation space which can accommodate at least one part of the said partial press part is formed between the said partial press surface and the said other part press surface. A power generation device according to any one of the above. The partial pressing portion is constituted by an elastic member that can be elastically deformed,
The other end portion with respect to one end portion of the partial pressing portion facing the piezoelectric plate is fixed to a partial fixing member,
The portion of the partial fixing member that fixes the partial pressing portion is recessed in a direction away from the piezoelectric plate, and has a partial pressing portion accommodating recess capable of accommodating the partial pressing portion. Item 5. The power generation device according to any one of Items 4 to 6.   The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein a part of the piezoelectric plate is a central portion of the piezoelectric plate.   The power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric plate is electrically connected to a rectifier circuit.

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