JP2015119650A - Mushroom harvest device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mushroom harvest device which can easily cut an unnecessary portion of a mushroom cultivated in a cultivation bottle with a simple device.SOLUTION: This invention provides a mushroom harvest device in which a mushroom 14 grown and extending upward from a bottle mouth of a mushroom cultivation bottle 18 is cut at its stem portion with a cutting device 10 and harvested. The cutting device 10 has two cutting blades 12 having their tips 16 facing each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to a mushroom harvesting apparatus.

  When cultivating mushrooms, various materials are used. In mushroom cultivation using a cultivation bottle, the cultivation bottle is filled with a medium for mushrooms, planted with inoculum, and grown and harvested. When harvesting and shipping grown mushrooms, it is necessary to cut the mushrooms and remove unwanted mushroom media. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-133867 discloses a mushroom processing apparatus for cutting off an unnecessary portion of a mushroom such as a shimeji.

JP 2010-17110 A

  When mushrooms grown in cultivation bottles grow and mushrooms grow, mushrooms can easily escape from the medium at harvest time. When the mushroom is removed from the cultivation bottle and the mushroom is removed, the culture medium adheres and an unnecessary portion remains, so a blade is used to cut out the unnecessary portion. However, if the mushrooms are removed from the cultivation bins and unnecessary parts are cut out from the mushrooms that have been removed from the cultivation bins, the mushroom harvesting device becomes large, and the mushroom harvesting device and its surroundings scatter and become dirty. In addition, when growing mushrooms in a cultivation bottle, the culture medium may rise as the mushroom grows and grows out of the bottle mouth. In the conventional mushroom harvesting apparatus, the culture medium may remain in the center of the cut surface of the mushroom even if the unnecessary portion of the mushroom grown in the cultivation bin is removed from the cultivation bin. Also, because mushrooms are easily removed from the culture medium, when cutting a mushroom using a knife while growing from a cultivation bin, the mushroom will be removed along with the culture medium when the knife enters the mushroom and the mushroom is in the middle of being cut. It will rise up. For this reason, a cut surface cannot be made into a clean flat surface without unevenness.

  Then, this invention was made | formed in order to solve the said subject, The place made into the objective is providing the mushroom harvesting apparatus which can cut | disconnect the mushroom unnecessary part cultivated with the cultivation bottle with the simple apparatus easily. It is in.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following arrangement. That is, the mushroom harvesting according to the present invention is a mushroom harvesting device that harvests mushrooms that have grown and grown from the bottle mouth of the mushroom cultivation bottle by cutting them at the mushroom stalk with a cutting device. And having two cutting blade portions provided with the blade edges facing each other. According to this configuration, the mushroom can be cut without leaving an unnecessary portion of the mushroom without removing the mushroom from the cultivation bin or without removing the mushroom from the cultivation bin. Moreover, since the process of removing the mushroom is eliminated, the work for cutting the mushroom can be saved.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable to have a moving mechanism which relatively moves the said cutting device and the said mushroom cultivation bin in the state which the said cutting blade part contact | abutted to the mushroom stem part. According to this, the mushroom and the cutting blade portion are brought into contact with each other by the moving mechanism, and the mushroom can be cut and harvested by the cutting blade portion.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the blade edge | tip of the said cutting device is arrange | positioned so that the space | interval between the blade edge | tips of the said cutting device may become narrow gradually toward the relative moving direction. According to this, the cutting blade part comes into contact with the mushroom stalk part and the blade edge enters toward the center part of the mushroom, and it is unnecessary to remove the mushroom from the cultivation bin while preventing the mushroom from lifting. Can cut mushrooms without leaving a part.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the blade edge | tip of the said cutting device is arrange | positioned at V shape. According to this, the cutting blade part comes into contact with the mushroom stem part, and the gap between the cutting edges is gradually narrowed and cut at a constant rate, so that the friction between the cutting surface of the mushroom and the cutting blade part is also reduced. Gradually increase, and the mushrooms will not be crushed and become a clean cut surface.

  Further, in the present invention, the relative movement direction of the cutting device and the mushroom cultivation bin is a symmetric axis, and the cutting edge of the cutting blade portion is arranged in a V shape so as to be line symmetric with respect to the symmetric axis. The cutting edge is formed by a straight line of two or more numbers, and the cutting edge that abuts as the mushroom moves in the relative movement direction is defined as an introduction part, a cutting part, and the cutting edge that forms the introduction part and the cutting edge The angle formed by the symmetry axis is preferably larger than the angle formed by the cutting edge forming the cutting portion and the symmetry axis. According to this, after the mushroom is largely cut at the introduction part, the stem part of the cutting part is gradually cut, so the blade edge smoothly enters the center part of the mushroom without being caught, and enters the cultivation bin. The mushroom can be cut without leaving an unnecessary part of the mushroom with the mushroom attached.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the blade edge | tip of the said 2 cutting blade part has a notch part parallel to the said symmetry axis between the said introduction part and the said cutting part. According to this, the approach speed of the blade edge toward the center part of the mushroom in the notch part is smaller than the approach speed in the introduction part, and the frictional force can be adjusted. Moreover, the cutting blade portion becomes a guide, and the cutting surface does not shift up and down, and the cutting surface has a shape with no irregularities.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the said cutting blade part is a pair of rotary blade which rotates along a mushroom stem part. According to this, as the mushroom passes between the pair of rotary blades, the rotary blade rotates, and the mushrooms can be harvested while the mushrooms are attached to the cultivation bin.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the cylinder for cultivation bins mounted | worn so that the side site | part slightly above a bottle opening may be enclosed from the bottle opening of the said cultivation bottle has a press part pushed down along the said cultivation bottle. According to this, by pushing down until the upper edge of the cylindrical body reaches the height position of the bin mouth, the stems to be cut off are reduced, and the harvest loss can be reduced.

  According to the mushroom harvesting apparatus according to the present invention, an unnecessary portion of a mushroom cultivated in a cultivation bottle can be cut.

It is a top view which shows the mushroom grown from the cutting blade part mushroom cultivation bottle of the cutting device of this embodiment. It is a front view which shows the mushroom grown from the mushroom cultivation bottle of the cutting blade part of the cutting device of this embodiment. It is a top view which shows the cutting blade part from which the shape of this embodiment differs. It is a top view which shows the cutting blade part from which the shape of this embodiment differs. It is a front view which shows the cutting blade part from which the shape of this embodiment differs. It is a front view which shows the state which mounted | worn the cylinder for mushroom cultivation to the mushroom cultivation bottle, (A) is the state which has the upper edge of the enlarged diameter part of the cylinder for mushroom cultivation above a bottle opening, (B) is The state where the upper edge of the enlarged diameter part of the cylinder for mushroom cultivation is in the height position of the bottle mouth is shown. It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the cylinder for mushroom cultivation. The mushroom hangs below the bottle mouth and grows.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a mushroom 14 grown from a mushroom cultivation bin 18 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a cultivation bin 18) of a cutting blade 12 of a cutting device 10 in a harvesting device (not shown) of this embodiment. It is. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the mushroom 14 grown from the mushroom cultivation bottle 18 of the cutting blade portion 12 of the cutting apparatus 10 of the present embodiment. The cutting device 10 of this embodiment has two cutting blade portions 12, and each cutting blade portion 12 is provided with a blade edge 16 for cutting a cutting object (mushroom 14). The cutting edge 16 is provided so as to face each other, and as the mushroom 14 moves between the facing cutting edges 16, the cutting edge 16 gradually enters the center of the mushroom 14 and the mushroom 14 is cut. The mushroom 14 to be cut is a mushroom 14 that grows by growing upward from the bottle mouth of the cultivation bottle 18. Here, the mushrooms 14 are mushrooms that are collected from the cultivation bins and regarded as a whole, and the mushrooms 14a each showing one individual mushroom are sometimes referred to as mushrooms 14. Moreover, it is drawing which shows the state at the time of the expansion | extension direction of the mushroom 14, ie, the state which turned the bin mouth of the cultivation bin 18 upwards, and shows the state at the time of cutting | disconnection of the cultivation bin 18 regarding the drawing which shows this embodiment. It is an example. The cultivation bottle 18 may be tilted or tilted so that the bottle mouth of the cultivation bottle 18 faces in a direction other than the direction shown in the drawing, and the cut surface of the mushroom 14 becomes a surface substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the mushroom 14. What is necessary is just to arrange | position the cutting blade part 12 of the cutting device 10 to.

The two cutting edges 16 facing each other may be in contact with each other at the point X shown in FIG. 1 or overlap so that the mushroom 14 is cut to the center. By moving the mushroom 14 relatively toward the point X (or the direction where the blades overlap), the blade edge 16 gradually moves from the circumference of the stem near the root of the mushroom 14 to the center of the mushroom 14. The stalk of mushroom 14 is cut. Further, by arranging the blade edge 16 so that the blade edge 16 gradually enters the center of the mushroom 14, the cutting edge 16 can be cut while being appropriately applied to the stem of the mushroom 14. The blade 16 is first contacted at two points on the circumference of the mushroom 14 and further moved toward the point X from the two directions toward the center of the mushroom 14. The distance between the cutting edges 16 is gradually reduced. Thereby, the cutting blade part 12 which cut | disconnects the mushroom 14 becomes a role like a pressing board which prevents the mushroom 14 from lifting, and it prevents that the mushroom 14 comes off with the culture medium. Further, the mushrooms 14 are not removed from the cultivation bins 18, and the unnecessary portions of the mushrooms 14 can be easily cut while the stems are left uncut while being put in the cultivation bins 18 near the bottle opening of the cultivation bins.
Here, the shape of the cultivation bin 18 may be either cylindrical or prismatic, and the shape of the bottle opening of the cultivation bin 18 may be either circular or rectangular. It can be considered that the outer periphery of the entire mushroom 14 that has grown and grown in any bin shape is substantially circular.

  The harvesting device of this embodiment has a moving mechanism (not shown) that relatively moves the cutting device 10 and the cultivation bin 18 in a state where the cutting blade portion 12 is in contact with the stem portion of the mushroom 14. May be. If the cultivation bin 18 can be moved, the form of the moving mechanism is not limited, and examples include a mechanism for placing and moving the cultivation bin 18 and a mechanism for grasping and moving the cultivation bin 18, and using a conveyor, a gripping tool, and the like. it can. Moreover, you may move the cutting blade part 12 of the cutting device 10, and the form of a moving mechanism is not limited. At least one of the cutting blade part 12 and the cultivation bin 18 moves, the cutting edge 16 of the cutting blade part 12 comes into contact, the cutting edge 16 gradually enters the center of the mushroom 14, and the mushroom 14 is cut. The relative movement direction is a direction in which the cultivation bin 18 is directed toward the cutting blade portion 12, and a direction in which the cutting blade portion 12 is directed toward the cultivation bin 18 and is indicated by a white arrow in FIG. By having a moving mechanism, the mushrooms 14 extended from the cultivation bin 18 can be cut automatically, and further, the mushrooms 14 extended from the plurality of cultivation bins 18 can be cut continuously or simultaneously.

  As the cultivation bins 18 that move relatively, only one piece or one piece at a time may be connected in a row like a daisy chain, and the cultivation bins 18 are cut by the cutting device 10 while being accommodated in the container. Also good. For example, a container in which 16 cultivation bins 18 are accommodated in 4 × 4 rows may be moved relative to the container. At this time, if the cutting device 10 is provided with a plurality of cutting blade portions 12 in parallel, the mushroom 14 extended from the cultivation bin 18 accommodated in the container can be cut, and the plurality of cultivation bins 18 are accommodated. It is also possible to harvest a plurality of mushrooms 14 at the same time by moving the container. Moreover, you may use a moving mechanism together.

  FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the mushroom 14 grown from the cutting blade portion 12 and the cultivation bin 18 of the cutting apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, and shows an example in which the shape of the cutting blade portion 12 and the shape of the blade edge 16 are different from those in FIG. . As the shape of the blade edge 16 as viewed from above, which is the extension direction of the mushroom 14, a shape made of a curve or an arc as shown in FIG. 3 (A) may be used. Further, in addition to a single straight line as shown in FIG. 1, a single straight line as shown in FIG. 3B may be used.

  Any arrangement may be employed as long as the cutting edges 16 are opposed to each other, and the arrangement may be such that the distance between the cutting edges gradually decreases in the relative movement direction (FIGS. 1 to 3). . Alternatively, the cutting edges may be arranged to face each other in a V-shape, and the relative movement direction indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 1 is used as the symmetry axis (the one-dot chain line in FIG. 1) so as to be line symmetric. The cutting edges may be arranged to face each other in a V shape. At this time, the angle between the symmetry axis and the blade edge is defined as θ. By arranging so as to be line symmetric, the blade edge 16 abuts on the mushroom 14 simultaneously at two points on the circumference of the stem portion of the mushroom 14. The two cutting edges 16 that have digged into the mushroom 14 first serve as a guide for the mushroom 14 not to lift from the culture medium. The mushroom 14 and the cut surface do not shift up and down, and the mushroom is not crushed. The shape will be very clean. Moreover, the approach speed of the blade edge | tip 16 from the stem part circumference part of the mushroom 14 becomes equal right and left. Thereby, a cut surface does not become rough and does not have unevenness, it becomes a clean cut surface, and an unnecessary portion of the mushroom 14 cultivated in the cultivation bottle can be cut. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, the cutting edges of the two cutting blade portions 12 are V-shaped so that the relative movement direction indicated by the white arrow in the drawing is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis (dashed line). Are arranged opposite to each other. Moreover, the blade edge | tip 16 may be partially opposingly arranged.

  The shape of the cutting edge 16 shown in FIG. 3B is formed by two or more straight lines, and the cutting edge portion 16 of the cutting blade portion 12 is arranged in a V shape so as to be symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis. Good. When the cutting edge at the straight part is the introduction part 20 and the cutting part 24, the introduction part 20 is the part opposite to the point X direction and the leading side of the cutting edge, and the mushroom 14 moves in the relative movement direction. Sometimes it is the cutting edge that first contacts. Further, after the mushroom 14 has come into contact with the introduction portion 20 and further moved in the relative movement direction, the mushroom 14 comes into contact with the cutting portion 24. The cutting part 24 is the end point side in the relative movement direction, and the mushroom is cut by the cutting part 24. The angle formed by the cutting edge 16 and the symmetry axis in the introduction part 20 is larger than the angle formed by the cutting edge 16 and the symmetry axis in the cutting part 24. In the introduction part 20, the blade edge 16 comes into contact with the circumferential part of the mushroom 14, and the blade edge 16 gradually enters toward the center part of the mushroom 14. However, the friction between the cutting blade 12 and the cutting surface of the saw blade 14 increases as the cutting edge 16 enters. For this reason, the angle formed by the cutting edge 16 and the symmetry axis in the introducing portion 20 is symmetrical with the cutting edge 16 in the cutting portion 24 so that the friction with the cutting surface of the cutting blade portion 12 and the saw blade 14 is smoothed and cut smoothly. Make it larger than the angle formed by the shaft.

  The shape of the blade edge 16 shown in FIG. 3 (B) is composed of three straight lines, and the blade edge 16 at each straight line location is referred to as an introduction portion 20, a notch portion 22, and a cutting portion 24, and between the introduction portion 20 and the cutting portion 24, A cut portion 22 is provided. The space of the blade edge 16 formed by opposingly arranging the two cutting blade portions 12 having the blade edge 16 of this shape is a space of the opposed introduction portion 20, a space of the opposed cut portion 22, and a space of the opposed cutting portion 24. . When the mushroom 14 moves in the relative moving direction, the mushroom 14 passes through the space of the facing notch portion 22 and the space of the facing cutting portion 24 following the space of the facing introduction portion 20, and is cut by each cutting edge 16. Is done. Further, the distance between the blade edges 16 gradually decreases in any part as the mushroom 14 moves, and is the shortest because the entrance to the space of the introduction part 20 is the longest and the end points of the space of the cutting part 24 overlap. The angle formed by the cutting edge 16 and the symmetry axis in the introduction portion 20 is larger than the angle formed by the cutting edge 16 and the symmetry axis in the cut portion 22. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the angle formed by the cutting edge 22 and the symmetry axis in the cut portion 22 is parallel to the symmetry axis, and even if the mushroom 14 moves, the distance between the cutting edges 16 does not change. Good. The cutting edge shown in FIG. 3 (B) consists of three straight lines, but the number of straight lines is not limited and may be three or more.

  In the introduction part 20, the blade edge 16 comes into contact with the circumferential part of the mushroom 14, and the blade edge 16 gradually enters toward the center part of the mushroom 14. However, the friction between the cutting blade 12 and the cutting surface of the saw blade 14 increases as the cutting edge 16 enters. Therefore, in order to average the friction between the cutting blade 12 and the cutting surface of the mushroom 14, the cut mushroom 14 is not crushed or cut off, and the cutting surface of the mushroom 14 is not uneven. In order to achieve this, a notch 22 is provided. When the relative movement speed when the mushroom 14 moves toward the point X is constant, the approach speed of the blade edge 16 toward the center of the mushroom 14 in the cut section 22 is smaller than the approach speed in the introduction section 20, and the friction force Can be adjusted. Moreover, the approach speed of the cutting edge 16 in the cutting part 24 is larger than the approach speed in the notch part 22. Even with the blade 16 having such a shape, the blade 16 that has bitten into the mushroom 14 becomes a guide, and the shape of the blade 14 and the cut surface does not shift up and down, and there is no unevenness.

  Moreover, in the front view which looked at the cutting edge 16 which opposes shown in FIG.2 (B) from the side which the mushroom 14 approachs, the cross section of the cutting edge 16 of the cutting blade part 12 is a single blade, and tapers with a certain cutting edge angle. It is a shape which goes diagonally downward to the apex (ridgeline) of the blade edge 16. However, the shape of the cross section of the blade edge 16 is not limited to such a shape, and may be tapered from both sides like a double blade, and the edge angle is not limited. In particular, when mushrooms are cultivated, the culture medium rises as the mushroom grows and the culture medium pops out from the bottle mouth. In order to cut off the protruding medium portion and leave a large amount of edible portion and cut it without waste, the cut surface may be a cut surface that is recessed toward the center of the mushroom 14 instead of being flat. You may change the cross-sectional shape of the blade edge | tip 16 of the cutting blade part 12 as it goes to the point X so that it may become such a cut surface. As an example, the cutting edge may be gradually warped so that the position of the apex (ridge line) of the cutting edge 16 is directed upward toward the point X. At the point X where the cutting edges are in contact or overlapping so as to intersect with each other and in the vicinity thereof, the cutting edge is tapered with a certain cutting edge angle, and has a shape that is inclined obliquely upward to the apex (ridgeline) of the cutting edge 16. At this time, the apex (ridgeline) of the blade edge 16 may be at a position higher than the flatness (openness) of the cutting blade portion, and a deeper dent can be formed into a cut surface to which no medium is attached. . In addition, the “cut surface without unevenness” described before this paragraph means a surface that is not clean, such as a jagged cut surface, and is depressed toward the center described in this paragraph. The shape is different from the cut surface.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a cutting blade portion 12 of a different form, and FIG. 5 is a front view. As shown in FIG. 4, the cutting blade portion 12 may be a pair of rotary blades 26 provided with the blade edges facing each other. When the mushroom 14 moves toward the cutting edge together with the cultivation bin 18, and the mushroom 14 (or the cutting blade portion 12) is further moved while the mushroom 14 and the cutting edge 16 are in contact, the cutting edge 16 of the rotary blade 26 becomes the stem portion of the mushroom 14. The rotary blade 26 rotates. The pair of rotary blades 26 have a cutting edge 16 and can freely rotate around the rotation axis. The rotating direction of the rotary blade 26 is symmetrical, and the mushroom 14 passes through the cutting blade portion 12. By using a rotary blade, when the relative movement speed of the mushroom 14 is constant, the cutting edge enters the mushroom 14 immediately after the cutting edge comes into contact, and gradually enters the center portion slowly. The stem part of the mushroom 14 can be cut cleanly without leaving the medium on the cut surface.

  Moreover, the harvesting apparatus of this embodiment may have a mounting part on which the cut mushrooms 14 are mounted. When the cutting blade 12 or the cultivation bottle 18 is relatively moved and the mushroom 14 is cut, the cut mushroom 14 must be taken from the cutting device 10 and the harvesting device and harvested. Moreover, even in the case of the mushrooms 14 extended from the plurality of cultivation bins 18, the mushrooms 14 must be taken and harvested every time they are cut. However, the mushrooms 14 that have been cut by receiving the placement unit are received and loaded. Can be set. The position where the mounting portion is provided may be provided around the cutting blade portion, and in particular, may be provided behind the moving direction of the mushroom 14 or the moving direction of the cutting blade portion. Thereby, the mushroom 14 can be harvested without falling down from the cutting device 10 and the harvesting device, and can be shipped as a product.

  Furthermore, the harvesting device of the present embodiment may include a transport device that is provided subsequent to the placement unit and transports the mushrooms 14 on the placement unit. As long as the mushroom 14 on the cut mounting portion can be transported, the form and mechanism of the transport device are not limited, and a semi-cylindrical transport device such as a basket may be provided, and the mushroom 14 is placed like a conveyor. And may be conveyed.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a state when the mushroom grows and grows and the mushroom 14 is harvested after the mushroom cultivation cylinder 28 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as the cylinder 28) is attached to the cultivation bottle 18. . FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an outline of a cylinder for mushroom cultivation. The cultivation bin 18 is a normal wide-mouth bottle-shaped cultivation bin 18, and has a neck portion 30, a shoulder portion 32, and a trunk portion 34. A flange portion 36 is provided on the upper edge (bin opening) of the neck portion 30.

  The cylindrical body 28 is integrally formed of resin, and is attached to the mushroom cultivation bottle 18 so as to surround a side portion slightly above the bottle mouth from the bottle mouth. The cylinder 28 will be described in more detail. The cylindrical body 28 has a cylindrical shape, and the upper part is enlarged in the upward direction, and is formed in the enlarged diameter part 38 surrounding the side part slightly above the bottle opening from the bottle opening. However, it is formed in the mounting part 40 which can be mounted on the upper part of the cultivation bin 18.

  FIG. 8 shows a state in which mushrooms are grown without wearing a cylinder for cultivation of mushrooms and the mushrooms hang down below the bottle mouth. The enlarged diameter portion 38 of the cylindrical body 28 is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape or bowl shape, and surrounds the side of the bottle mouth as described above when the cylindrical body 28 is attached to the cultivation bottle 18. Although the height from the bottle opening of the enlarged diameter part 38 is not specifically limited, About 10 mm is suitable. When the cylindrical body 28 is attached to the cultivation bottle 18 and the mushroom 14 is extended, the mushroom 14 can be extended with good shape without dripping.

A spacer 42 is provided on the inner wall surface of the mounting portion 40 so as to abut on the upper portion of the neck portion 30 of the cultivation bin 18 or the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 36 on the upper edge of the neck portion 30 when being attached to the cultivation bin 18. Yes. The spacer 42 may be continuous with the inner wall surface of the mounting portion 40 in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of spacers 42 are preferably provided protruding at intervals in the circumferential direction.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the spacer 42 may be formed in a rib shape extending in the vertical direction. The shape is not particularly limited as long as the height is gradually reduced downward, and the water droplet is inverted, hemispherical, continuously in the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface of the mounting portion 40. The protruding spacer 42 may be used. Further, it is preferable to form the inclined surface so that the height gradually decreases downward. Thereby, when attaching the cylinder 28 to the cultivation bin 18, since the flange part 36 easily enters into the inclined surface portion of the rib, the cylinder 28 can be easily attached to the cultivation bin 18. In addition, it does not get caught when it is attached to the cultivation bottle mouth, and the mushroom cultivation cylinder 28 can be kept horizontal.

  When the cylindrical body 28 is attached to the cultivation bin 18, the lower edge of the attachment portion 40 comes into contact with the shoulder portion 32 of the cultivation bin 18 and can be stably attached to the bin mouth.

A plurality of notches 44 are formed at the lower edge of the mounting portion 40 at intervals in the circumferential direction. A lower portion of the mounting portion 40 is divided (separated) into a plurality of contact pieces 46 by a notch 44. When the cylindrical body 28 is attached to the cultivation bin 18, the lower edge of the contact piece 46 is brought into contact with the shoulder portion 32 of the cultivation bin 18.
The notch 44 extends in a direction parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body 28, that is, is formed in a slit shape that is long in the vertical direction. Thereby, the cylinder 28 can be moved in the vertical direction of the cultivation bin 18. In this case, when the cylindrical body 28 is attached to the cultivation bin 18, the length of the slit 44 is such that the space between the shoulder portion 32 and the neck portion 30 of the cultivation bin 18 and the attachment portion 40 communicates with the outside air through the slit 44. Is preferably set. Note that the notch 44 is not necessarily slit-shaped, and may be formed, for example, by making the lower edge of the mounting portion 40 corrugated in the circumferential direction.

The cylinder 28 for mushroom cultivation is configured as described above.
The mushroom 14 cultivation method using the cylinder 28 is demonstrated.
The cylindrical body 28 is attached to the cultivation bin 18 when the fruit body (buds generated by the generation process) grows to the vicinity of the bottle mouth during cultivation of the mushroom 14.
Since the lower part (mounting part 40) of the cylindrical body 28 has a large diameter with respect to the neck part 30, it can be easily mounted on the bottle opening. Moreover, since the cylindrical body 28 will contact | abut to the cultivation bin 18 at the part of the spacer 42 and the lower edge of the contact piece 46, when it mounts | wears with the cultivation bin 18 as mentioned above, the circumferential direction and the upper and lower sides It will be supported by the cultivation bin 18 at a number of positions. Thereby, it mounts | wears with the cultivation bottle 18 in the stable state, without wobbling. The operator can easily attach the cylindrical body 28.

  As described above, since the cylindrical body 28 can be stably attached without wobbling the cultivation bin 18, when the cultivation bin 18 is accommodated in a container and moved, the cylindrical body 28 is detached from the cultivation bin 18, or obliquely It does not become. Further, even when the fruit body grows, the cylinder 28 does not shift or float with the growth of the fruit body, so that the shapes of the mushrooms 14 can be made uniform.

Since the side portion above the bottle mouth is surrounded by the enlarged diameter portion 38, the fruit body does not hang down below the bottle mouth or grow laterally as shown in FIG. It is guided by the inner wall and grows upward. At the stage where the fruiting body extends higher than the enlarged diameter portion 38, the stem is thick, so that it grows with its orientation aligned upward without drooping downward or extending laterally.
When the spacer 42 is formed into a plurality of protrusions and the space between the shoulder portion 32 and the neck portion 30 of the cultivation bottle 18 and the mounting portion 40 communicates with the outside air through the slit 44, the outside air passes through the slit 44. It circulates in the space. For this reason, the respiration of the mushroom 14 (fruit body) becomes favorable and can perform favorable growth. Further, excess water can be discharged to the outside through the slit 44.
The cylinder 28 is suitable for use in the cultivation of sea cucumbers and beech shimeji. Since cultivation of these mushrooms 14 can be performed by a conventional method, further explanation is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6A, the mushroom 14 (fruit body) is harvested at a stage where it has grown to the required size up to the upper portion of the enlarged diameter portion 38. In the method of attaching the cylindrical body 28 and cutting and harvesting the mushroom 14 using the cutting device 10, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the upper edge of the enlarged diameter portion 38 is almost the height of the bottle mouth at the time of harvesting. The cylindrical body 28 is pushed down along the cultivation bin 18 until the position is reached. Thus, by pushing down the cylinder 28, a gap for inserting the cutting blade portion 12 of the cutting device 10 is generated between the side surface of the mushroom 14 and the upper edge of the enlarged diameter portion 38. The mushroom 14 can be cut and harvested by putting the cutting blade 12 in the gap and running the harvesting blade along the upper edge or the bin mouth of the enlarged diameter portion 38. The stem 28 of the mushroom 14 is exposed to a position higher than the height of the bin mouth by pushing down the cylindrical body 28 until the upper edge thereof is at a position higher than the height of the bin mouth. Since it can be cut, fewer stems are left and the harvest loss can be reduced. Alternatively, the cylinder 28 may be pushed down until its upper edge is at the height of the bin mouth, and the stem of the mushroom 14 may be exposed to the bin mouth, and the mushroom 14 may be cut.
Thus, when the mushroom 14 is harvested by the cutting device 10, the cylinder 28 may be pushed down and cut near the stock of the mushroom 14, and the mushroom 14 may be harvested together. Alternatively, the cylinder 28 may be cut upward from the stock without being pushed down, and the mushrooms 14a may be separated and harvested one by one. At this time, if the cutting edge 16 of the cutting blade portion 12 is made to follow in the vicinity of the upper edge of the enlarged diameter portion 38, cutting can be performed without waste and without leaving an unnecessary portion. When cultivating without using the cylindrical body 28, the mushrooms 14 may be cut and harvested so as to be attached near the upper edge of the flange portion 36 of the cultivation bin 18.

  Moreover, in order to make the cylinder 28 shown to FIG. 6 (B) the state pushed down below, you may provide the press part 48 in the harvesting apparatus of this embodiment. The pressing part 48 is below the cutting blade part 12, and is provided on the side through which the cultivation bottle 18 passes. The pressing portion 48 may be set in length and shape so that the cylindrical body is pushed down before the mushroom 14 comes into contact with the blade edge 16, and is not particularly limited. At this time, if the moving mechanism that relatively moves the cutting device 10 and the cultivation bin 18 is used in combination, the cylinder is automatically pushed down by the pressing portion 48. At this time, if the cylindrical body 28 is lowered by the guide until the upper edge of the enlarged diameter portion 38 is almost at the height of the bin mouth, the stem portion of the mushroom can be cut off at a position close to the bin mouth, and the uncut portion is reduced. can do.

  When the cylindrical body 28 is pushed down along the cultivation bin 18, force is applied to the contact piece 46 that is in contact with the shoulder portion 32, but the contact piece 46 is deformed along the shoulder portion 32 by opening the slit 44. As a result, the cylindrical body 28 can be pushed down. Further, when the mushroom 14 is harvested, the mushroom 14 at that position may be cut and harvested without pushing down the cylinder 28. Also in this case, since the cylindrical body 28 is not displaced in the lateral direction, it is possible to cut the mushroom 14 at a position close to a stone bump.

The cylinder 28 for mushroom cultivation is a cylinder 28 attached to each mushroom cultivation bottle 18 so as to surround a side portion of the plurality of mushroom cultivation bins 18 accommodated in the cultivation container so as to surround a side part slightly above the bottle mouth from the bottle mouth. Also good. And each cylinder 28 is connected by the connection part integrally formed with the cylinder 28, and can be simultaneously mounted on the mushroom cultivation bin 18 accommodated in the container. The connecting part may connect the enlarged diameter parts of the cylindrical bodies 28. The connecting portion may be provided separately from the cylinder and may have a port into which the cylinder 28 can be inserted. The connected cylinders 28 may be pushed down by a plurality of cutting devices and a plurality of pressing portions 48 to cut the saw 14.
The number of cultivation bins 18 accommodated in the container is not particularly limited, and is formed in a cylinder 28 for cultivation of mushrooms that can be attached to all 16 pieces of 4 × 4 rows or 25 pieces of 5 × 5 rows. Also good. Or it is good also as the cylinder 28 for mushroom cultivation which can be suitably mounted | worn with 1 row or several rows.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cutting device 12 Cutting blade part 14 Mushroom 14a Mushroom 16 Cutting edge 18 Mushroom cultivation bottle 20 Introduction part 22 Cutting part 24 Cutting part 26 Rotary blade 28 Mushroom cultivation cylinder 30 Neck part 32 Shoulder part 34 Body part 36 Flange part 38 Diameter expansion part 40 Mounting part 42 Spacer 44 Notch (slit)
46 Contact piece 48 Pressing part

Claims (8)

A mushroom harvesting device that harvests mushrooms that have grown and grown upward from the bottle mouth of the mushroom cultivation bottle by cutting them at the mushroom stem with a cutting device,
The mushroom harvesting device, wherein the cutting device has two cutting blade portions provided with blade edges facing each other.   The mushroom harvesting device according to claim 1, further comprising a moving mechanism that relatively moves the cutting device and the mushroom cultivation bin in a state where the cutting blade portion is in contact with the mushroom stem portion.   3. The mushroom according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge of the cutting device is arranged so that an interval between the cutting edges of the cutting device is gradually narrowed in a relative moving direction. Harvesting equipment.   The mushroom harvesting device according to claim 3, wherein the cutting edge of the cutting device is arranged in a V shape.   The relative moving direction of the cutting device and the mushroom cultivation bin is a symmetric axis, the cutting edge of the cutting blade portion is arranged in a V shape so as to be line symmetric with respect to the symmetric axis, and the cutting edge is An angle formed by a cutting edge that is formed by two or more straight lines and that abuts as the mushroom moves in the relative movement direction is an introduction portion and a cutting portion, and the cutting edge that forms the introduction portion and the symmetry axis The mushroom harvesting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein is larger than an angle formed by a cutting edge forming the cutting portion and the axis of symmetry.   The mushroom harvesting device according to claim 5, wherein a cutting edge of the two cutting blade portions has a cut portion that is parallel to the symmetry axis between the introduction portion and the cutting portion.   The mushroom harvesting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cutting blade portion is a pair of rotating blades that rotate along a mushroom stem portion.   The cylinder for cultivation bottles mounted so as to surround a side part slightly above the bottle opening from the bottle mouth of the cultivation bottle has a pressing part that is pushed down along the cultivation bottle. The mushroom harvesting apparatus of any one of Claims.

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