JP2015110680A - Antiviral agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antiviral agent which comprises plant-derived components with high levels of stability and safety as an active ingredient, without using a viable cell.SOLUTION: An antiviral agent comprises a plant-derived extract having α-glucosidase inhibitory action as an active ingredient.

Description

  The present invention relates to an antiviral agent. More specifically, the present invention relates to an antiviral agent containing a plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action as an active ingredient.

  It is known to ingest useful bacteria as a means for preventing viral infection and reducing symptoms. For example, Patent Document 1 describes the use of at least one Probiotic bacteria strain selected from lactic acid bacteria for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment and / or prevention of viral infections. Is described. Patent Document 2 describes a composition for preventing or treating a cold virus or influenza virus infectious disease containing a spore-forming lactic acid bacterium. However, any of the above-described compositions for treatment and / or prevention of viral infection uses live bacteria, and there is a problem that its management is difficult.

  On the other hand, root and stem extracts of Salacia plants have been handed down to be effective in the prevention and early treatment of diabetes in traditional medicine Ayurveda in India and Sri Lanka. In recent years, plants of the genus Salacia have a blood glucose level increase inhibitory effect, and it is known that the mechanism of action is due to a sugar absorption inhibitory action based on the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity. Patent Document 3 describes an immunostimulant and an antiallergic agent characterized by containing a ground product or extract of a plant belonging to the genus Salacia. However, Patent Document 3 does not describe the antiviral effect of the ground product or extract of Salacia plants.

  Patent Document 4 describes pharmaceutical compositions containing triterpene quinone and triterpene phenol derivatives as selective blockers of choline kinase enzyme, those in the treatment of tumors and parasitic diseases or diseases caused by viruses, bacteria or fungi. In Example 5 of US Pat. No. 6,057,049, 3,10-dihydroxy-is obtained by extracting Salacia root bark with n-hexane-ethyl ether 1: 1 solvent mixture. 2,4a, 6a, 9,12b, 14a-hexamethyl-11-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,6,6a, 11,12b, 13,14,14a, 14b-tetradecahydro- It is described that picene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester was obtained. Further, Patent Document 5 describes an antiviral agent characterized by containing an organic solvent extract of a plant of Celastracea, including plants of the genus Salacia, and is effective against herpes simplex virus. It is described. However, the Salacia extract described in Patent Document 4 is obtained by extracting Salacia with a mixture of n-hexane and ethyl ether, and the organic solvent described in Patent Document 5 is an alkyl halide (specifically, Are chloromethane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, etc.), and cited references 4 and 5 do not describe a water extract or an alcohol extract of Salacia plants.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 6 exemplifies acarbose, voglibose, miglitol, a ground or extracted product of a plant belonging to the genus Salacia, deoxynojirimycin, guava leaf polyphenol, bean drum extract and the like as α-glucosidase inhibitory components.

Special table 2009-511470 gazette JP 2008-13543 A JP 2010-77039 A Special table 2009-522239 JP-A-7-165596 JP 2009-249315 A

  An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide an antiviral agent containing, as an active ingredient, a highly stable and safe component derived from a plant without using live bacteria.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that plant-derived extracts having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action such as Salacia plant extracts or bean drum extracts have a preventive action against viruses and viruses. It has been found that it has a symptom reducing action. The present invention has been completed based on these findings.

That is, according to the present invention, an antiviral agent comprising a plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action as an active ingredient is provided.
Preferably, the plant-derived extract is a plant water extract or an alcohol extract.
Preferably, the plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action is a water extract or alcohol extract of a Salacia plant, or a bean drum extract.
Preferably, the antiviral agent of the present invention is an anti-influenza virus agent.
Preferably, the antiviral agent of the present invention is an anti-labial herpes virus agent.
Preferably, the antiviral agent of the present invention is used as a medicine or food.

The present invention further provides use of a plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action for the production of an antiviral agent.
According to the present invention, there is further provided a method for suppressing a virus, comprising administering a plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action to a subject of administration.

  The antiviral agent of the present invention exhibits an effective antiviral action and is useful for preventing viral infection or reducing viral symptoms. In addition, the antiviral agent of the present invention may suppress the growth of multidrug resistant virus in vivo. The antiviral agent of the present invention particularly exhibits an anti-influenza virus action and an anti-labial herpes virus action. Since the active ingredient in the present invention is an ingredient derived from a plant having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action (for example, a plant of the genus Salacia), the stability and safety are high. The antiviral agent of the present invention can be used as a pharmaceutical or food for preventing viral infection or reducing viral symptoms.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically.
The antiviral agent of the present invention contains a plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action as an active ingredient. Preferably, the plant-derived extract is a water extract or an alcohol extract of a plant. Specific examples of plant-derived extracts having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action include water extract or alcohol extract of Salacia plants, bean drum extract, mulberry leaf extract, guava extract, or rafma extract. However, it is not limited to these.

  The plant belonging to the genus Salacia is a plant belonging to the family Dechinmuraceae that grows mainly in Sri Lanka, India and Southeast Asia. More specifically, Salacia reticulata, Salacia oblonga and Salacia prinoides Salacia chinensis, Salacia latifolia, Salacia bruuniana, Salacia grandiflora (Salacia grandiflora), Salacia sp. Plants are used.

  The extract of Salacia plant means a pulverized product, dried product, extract or dried powder (extract powder) of edible parts such as roots, trunks, leaves, flowers and fruits. One or more kinds of sites may be mixed and used. More preferably, extract powder extracted from roots and trunks is used.

  The extract powder is obtained by drying the edible portion or the like obtained by solvent extraction. The extraction solvent may be selected from water, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, or a mixed solvent of water and alcohols or ketones such as acetone. Preferably, water, alcohol or hydrous alcohol is used. More preferably, hot water, ethanol or hydrous ethanol is used as the extraction solvent. The alcohol concentration of the hydrous alcohol may be 30 to 90% by mass, preferably 40 to 70% by mass. Examples of the drying method include spray drying and freeze drying, but are not limited thereto. The water extract or alcohol extract of the plant belonging to the genus Salacia includes the organic solvent of the plant of the genus Salacia (the organic solvent here means an organic solvent other than the alcohol, such as an ether solvent or an alkyl halide solvent). Compared to the case of the extract), it contains more water-soluble components such as salacinol, cotaranol and catechin, and has an excellent antiviral effect.

  In the present invention, bean drum extract can also be used. The bean drum is one in which solid culture is started using steamed or boiled beans or cereals using mold. It is known that soy bean extract has a function of suppressing digestion and absorption of carbohydrates and lipids.

  In the present invention, a mulberry leaf extract can also be used. Mulberry leaves are known to have food functions such as diabetes, blood glucose, high cholesterol, and neutral fat. In particular, 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), N-methyl-DNJ, 2-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-1-deoxynojirimycin, phagomine contained in mulberry leaves 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-arabinitol, 1α, 2β, 3α, 4β-tetrahydroxynotropane and the like are known to have an action of suppressing carbohydrate absorption.

  In the present invention, guava extract can also be used. Guava (Psidium java L.) is a shrub native to Central America that belongs to the genus Vanjiro. Guava fruits, roots and leaves are used as herbal medicines to prevent diabetes and diarrhea. Extracts from dried guava leaves are known to contain polyphenols.

  In the present invention, Raffma extract can also be used. Raffma is a plant belonging to the family Oleander, and its scientific name is Apocynum venetum L. It grows naturally in the northeast and northwestern parts of China. The rough extract can be collected from, for example, the leaves of the rough bear, but the site of the plant body from which the rough extract is collected is not particularly limited.

  The antiviral agent of the present invention can be used as an antiviral agent against any virus, and includes, for example, an anti-influenza virus agent, an anti-lip herpes virus agent, an anti-foot-and-mouth disease virus agent, an anti-koi herpes virus agent, an anti-human papilloma virus ( HPV) agent, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agent and the like. The antiviral agent of this invention can be used as a pharmaceutical or a foodstuff. The antiviral agent of the present invention can be used for prevention of viral virus infection and / or reduction of viral symptoms.

  The blending amount of the plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action, which is an active ingredient in the antiviral agent of the present invention, is 0.0005 to 10.0% by mass (hereinafter simply referred to as%) based on the total amount of the composition. Preferably). If the blending amount is less than 0.0005% by mass, the intended effect of the present invention is not sufficient, and even if blending exceeds 10.0% by mass, the effect corresponding to the increase is not improved. It is not preferable from the viewpoint of coloring and the like.

  The plant-derived extract having an α-glucosidase inhibitory action to be blended may be in any form such as solid or solution, and may be added and blended at an appropriate time during the production process.

  The administration method of the antiviral agent of the present invention may be either oral administration or parenteral administration, preferably oral administration.

  The administration target of the antiviral agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and animals such as mammals including humans, birds or fishes can be targeted. The antiviral agent of the present invention may be food (including beverages), food materials, quasi drugs, pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical materials, and quasi drugs.

  Other components that can be blended in the antiviral agent of the present invention include various carriers that are pharmaceutically or food hygienically acceptable for oral administration, such as excipients, lubricants, stabilizers, dispersants, Binders, diluents, flavoring agents, sweeteners, flavoring agents, coloring agents and the like can be exemplified.

  The form of the antiviral agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits the effects of the present invention. For example, tablets, pills, granules, fine granules, chewing agents, capsules (hard capsules, soft capsules are filled) ), Liquids, chewables, beverages and the like. Other food forms may be used. These dosage forms can be prepared using conventional methods commonly known in the art.

  In the case of tablets, pills and granules, a dosage form with a conventional coating can be used as necessary, for example, sugar-coated tablets, gelatin encapsulating agents, enteric encapsulating agents, film coating agents and the like. The tablet may be a multilayer tablet such as a double tablet.

  In addition to the above, the antiviral agent of the present invention includes vitamins, vitamin-like substances, proteins, amino acids, fats and oils, organic acids, carbohydrates, plant-derived materials, animal-derived materials, microorganisms, food additives, pharmaceutical additives, etc. Ingredients that can be taken orally can be appropriately contained.

  The dosage of the antiviral agent of the present invention can be appropriately set according to the type of active ingredient, the degree of symptoms, and the like. Generally, the active ingredient can be administered at a dose of 0.1 mg to 1 g / kg of body weight / day, but is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of Salacia extract, the active ingredient can be administered at a dosage of 0.1 to 300 mg / kg body weight / day, preferably 0.5 to 280 mg / kg body weight / day. More preferably, it is administered at a dose of 2 to 240 mg / kg body weight / day. In the case of bean drum extract, the active ingredient can be administered at a dose of 0.5 to 500 mg / kg body weight / day, preferably at a dose of 3 to 400 mg / kg body weight / day. More preferably, the dose is 5 to 300 mg / kg body weight / day. The administration period is not particularly limited, but it is preferably once a day at the above dose, more preferably once a day at the above dose for 2 days or more.

  The following examples further illustrate the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Production Example 1:
Roots and part of the trunk of Salacia Rechikyurata (S. reticulata) and Salacia oblonga (S. oblonga) were mixed in a weight or the like after grinding, spray drying the resulting solution subjected to a hot water extraction step of 98 ° C., Salacia extract powder 1 was obtained. This was used as a Salacia plant extract in the following examples.

Example 1:
Eight-week-old male ddy mice were divided into three groups of five each, and Salacia plant extract was ingested at 0,2,10,200 mg / kg / day for 14 days using a stomach tube (instrument). Only water for injection was administered to the non-administration group. Fourteen days later, influenza virus A / PR / 8/34/2009 (H1N1) was inoculated intranasally, and the symptoms on the fifth day of infection and the pathological findings of the lung were observed.

  The results are shown in Table 1. As shown in Table 1, pneumonia was caused by inoculation with influenza virus, but mice that received Salacia had a reduced incidence of pulmonary inflammation caused by infection with influenza virus. In addition, pneumonia did not develop when it was not infected with influenza virus.

Example 2:
Healthy adults (16 males and 4 females) who had experience with cold sores were randomly divided into three groups: the Salacia plant extract intake group, the bean drum extract intake group, and the non-intake group. The Salacia plant extract ingestion group ingested 240 mg Salacia plant extract powder every day for 2 years. The bean extract ingestion group ingested 300 mg of bean extract daily for two years. Table 2 shows the results of a survey of the frequency of onset of cold sores for 2 years for the above three groups.

  As shown in Table 2, the average number of cold sores onset was 4 in the non-ingestion group, 1.8 in the Salacia plant extract intake group, and 2.8 in the soy bean extract intake group In addition, it was shown that the frequency of onset of cold sores was reduced by ingestion of a plant extract of Salacia or bean drum extract.

Claims (7)

For prevention of influenza virus infection and / or reduction of influenza virus symptoms, containing a water extract or alcohol extract of Salacia plant as an active ingredient, and administering it once a day or more continuously for 2 days or more Anti-influenza virus agent. The anti-influenza agent of Claim 1 whose compounding quantity of the water extract or alcohol extract of a Salacia genus plant is 0.0005-10.0 mass% on the basis of the total amount of a composition. The plants of the genus Salacia are Salacia reticulata, Salacia oblonga, Salacia prinoides, Salacia chinisis, Salacia chiniasis, Salacia chiniasis. The anti-influenza agent of Claim 1 or 2 which is at least 1 sort (s) chosen from Salacia grandiflora (Salacia grandiflora) and Salacia macrosperma (Salacia macrosperma). The anti-influenza agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intake amount of the water extract or alcohol extract of the plant belonging to the genus Salacia is 0.1 to 300 mg / kg body weight / day. The anti-influenza agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water extract or alcohol extract of the plant belonging to the genus Salacia is an extract powder extracted from at least one selected from the roots and stems of the plant belonging to the genus Salacia. . The anti-influenza agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water extract or alcohol extract of the genus Salacia contains salacinol, cotaranol and catechin. A water extract or an alcohol extract of a plant of the genus Salacia is an extract powder obtained by extracting roots and stem portions of S. reticulata and S. oblonga with hot water and drying. The anti-influenza agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6.