JP2015107504A - Processing unit and processing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten distance for which a work moves, in an apparatus for bending a pipe or the like.SOLUTION: A processing unit comprises: a pair of split mold parts, upper and lower, which include a bending groove for bending a rod-like member; a pair of clamp parts, upper and lower, which hold the rod-like member inserted into the bending groove; a pressure including a hold groove for holding the rod-like member in the bending groove from the outer periphery side of the bending groove; and an opening/closing unit by which a first unit including the upper split mold part and the upper clamp part, a second unit including the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part, and the pressure are opened/closed in three different directions having, as a set center, the position of the center shaft of the rod-like member loaded in the bending groove.

Description

  The present invention relates to a unit and an apparatus for bending a rod-shaped member such as a metal pipe or a metal tube.

  Patent Document 1 describes that a pipe bender that has a simplified configuration of a bending die and a clamp die and is smaller than the conventional one is provided. In the pipe bender of Patent Document 1, the bending mold supported on the upper part of the rotating shaft is configured by a split mold that can be separated in the axial direction, and a clamp mold half is formed integrally with each of these split molds. . The pipe material to be bent is sent between the split mold and the clamp mold, and is held by the clamp mold by combining the split molds. Thereafter, the bending die is rotated together with the rotating shaft, and the bending die is bent along the guide of the concave groove formed on the outer periphery of the bending die.

  Patent Document 2 describes providing a pipe bending unit of a pipe bending apparatus that is compact and easy to control. The processing unit of Patent Document 2 is a pipe bending apparatus provided with a bending roll, a clamp that fixes the pipe to the bending roll, and a pressure that moves along the bending roll while pressing the pipe against the bending roll to bend the pipe. In the pipe bending unit, the clamp is supported so as to be able to contact and separate with respect to the bending roll, and a fixing plate having a pressure cam for determining the movement trajectory of the pressure is installed, and the pressure is fixed to the bending roll. A pipe bend characterized in that a rotating plate having a clamp cam for moving the clamp is disposed, and the clamp and the pressure are operated by the cam. This is a pipe bending unit of the processing apparatus.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-138215 JP 2003-305518 A

  There is a need for an apparatus that can process rod-like members such as pipes and tubes more efficiently.

  One aspect of the present invention includes a pair of upper and lower split mold portions including a bending groove for bending a rod-shaped member, a pair of upper and lower clamp portions for holding the rod-shaped member inserted into the bending groove, and bending from the outer peripheral side of the bending groove. It is a processing unit having a pressure including a holding groove for holding a rod-shaped member in the groove. The processing unit further includes a first unit including an upper split mold part and an upper clamp part, a second unit including a lower split mold part and a lower clamp part, and a pressure mounted in the bending groove. An opening / closing unit that opens and closes in three different directions with the position of the central axis of the rod-shaped member in the state of being set as the set center is provided.

  By opening the first unit, the second unit, and the pressure in three different directions, all of the first unit, the second unit, and the pressure move to positions where a certain distance is secured from the setting center. . For this reason, access to the setting center is facilitated, and a workpiece such as a pipe or tube is typically placed at a position where the rod-shaped member is gripped for bending, that is, with a simple path to the setting center. You can go in and out with a straight path. For this reason, the time required for setting the rod-shaped member can be shortened, and the work time required for bending can be shortened. In particular, when multiple bending processes are required to make a single rod-shaped member into a product, the number of times of change is increased, but by reducing the time required for change, the processing time (manufacturing time) including bending is reduced. it can.

  The upper split mold part and the upper clamp part may move synchronously, and the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part may move synchronously. Typically, the processing unit includes an upper split mold part and an upper clamp part (upper mold) which are integrated, and a lower split mold part and a lower clamp part (lower mold) which are integrated. It has a bending type clamp containing.

  The open / close unit includes an open / close unit (balanced open / close unit) that opens and closes the first unit and the second unit equally (balanced), and a link unit that moves the pressure away from or close to the set center in conjunction with the movement of the open / close unit. It is desirable to include. By the movement of the opening and closing unit, the pressure can be opened and closed synchronously, and the driving mechanism and control of the pressure can be simplified.

  The link unit moves in contact with the peripheral surface of the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam, and the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam moves up and down as the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam moves up and down in conjunction with the opening and closing unit. It is desirable to include a cam follower that moves the pressure so that the pressure opens and closes with respect to the bending groove in conjunction with opening and closing. When the first and second units are closed when the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam moves upward, the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam narrowed in the first and second directions (vertical direction) is used. Since the bending reaction force of the pressure can be received by the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam, the driving means and energy for maintaining the pressure in the mold clamping state can be omitted.

  The opening / closing unit includes a first opening / closing shaft that moves the first unit up and down, a second opening / closing shaft that moves the second unit up / down, and the first opening / closing shaft and the second opening / closing shaft in opposite directions. It is desirable to include a left and right screw member that moves to the right and left and an opening / closing motor that rotates the left and right screw member. A mechanism that opens and closes the first and second units and the pressure in three directions with one opening / closing motor can be provided.

  In addition, the link unit has a holder that supports the pressure so that the pressure swings with respect to the first opening and closing shaft and the second opening and closing shaft, and the holder can be turned with respect to the first opening and closing shaft and the second opening and closing shaft. It is desirable to include a supporting part to support. By supporting the arm that swings the pressure with the first opening and closing shaft and the second opening and closing shaft, the reaction force of the pressure swing can be received near the first and second units. The bar-shaped member, which is a workpiece, can be gripped more reliably by the unit and the pressure.

  The pressure includes a pressure roller including a holding groove including an arc-shaped portion, and the processing unit rotates around the first axis while the first unit and the second unit are closed. And a second drive unit that rotates about the first axis independently of the first drive unit with the pressure closed. It is possible to perform one of the left and right pull bending processes by the clamp and the other of the left and right push bending processes by rotating the pressure. The pair of upper and lower clamp parts may be clamp parts shared by left and right bendings including clamp grooves intersecting in an X shape. The rod-shaped member can be processed in four modes of left and right push-pull bending. An example of the third drive unit includes left and right open / close cams that open and close the left and right pressures, and an inclined cylindrical cam that rotates about the first axis so as to close either one of the left and right open / close cams. It is a waste.

  A first drive unit that includes left and right pressures disposed at two left and right pressures, and the processing unit rotates about the first axis with the first unit and the second unit closed; A third drive unit that rotates about the first axis independently of the first drive unit and opens and closes one of the left and right pressures may be provided. Left and right drawing can be performed.

  One of the other aspects of the present invention is the above-described machining unit, a workpiece support unit that supports a bar-shaped member, and a bar-shaped member that is supported by the workpiece support unit by moving at least one of the machining unit and the workpiece support unit. A machining apparatus having a first operation for setting a central axis of an unmachined portion at a set center of a machining unit and a moving unit for performing a second operation for setting at a retracted position away from the set center. Since the first and second units that hold the bar-shaped member and the pressure can be opened and closed in three directions, the moving unit relatively sets the center axis of the unprocessed portion of the bar-shaped member supported by the work support unit. It can be moved linearly between the center and the retracted position. Therefore, the processing time can be shortened.

  The moving unit relatively moves the central axis of the unprocessed portion of the bar-shaped member supported by the workpiece support unit in the vertical direction, and the opening / closing direction of the first unit and the second unit is set in the vertical direction. It is desirable to support it so as to be inclined. The relative movement of the rod-shaped member that is the object to be processed can be simplified, and a processing apparatus having a simple configuration can be provided.

  When the processing unit includes a mechanism that bends the rod-shaped member left and right, the moving unit preferably includes a first moving unit that swings left and right while moving the processing unit up and down. The machining unit can be set according to the initial position of left and right bending. The first moving unit includes, for example, a base, a holder that swings relative to the base, a slide plate that supports the processing unit so as to slide up and down in the holder, and a first cam in the vertical direction provided on the base A turn gear including a groove, a second cam groove in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide plate provided on the slide plate, and a turn roller moving inside the first cam groove and the second cam groove And a turn motor that is held by a holder, and includes a turn motor that rotationally drives a turn gear. By moving the turn gear by the turn motor, it is possible to move the slide plate up and down and to swing left and right. For this reason, the processing unit supported by the slide plate can be swung left and right while moving up and down, and the set center for setting the bar-shaped member can be moved to the initial position for left and right bending.

  One of the different aspects of the present invention is a method (manufacturing method, control method) including bending a rod-shaped member by a processing unit. The processing unit includes a pair of upper and lower split mold parts including a bending groove, a pair of upper and lower clamp parts for holding a bar-shaped member inserted in the bending groove, and a holding groove for holding the bar-shaped member in the bending groove from the outer peripheral side of the bending groove. Including pressure. In this method, the upper split mold part and the upper clamp part, the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part, and the pressure are positioned on the central axis of the rod-shaped member in a state where it is mounted in the bending groove. This includes moving and setting the rod-like member linearly at the set center in a state where the set center is opened in three different directions.

  In this method, the upper split mold part and the upper clamp part, the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part, and the pressure are inclined by tilting the machining unit that opens in three different directions from the set center. It is desirable to include moving the bar-shaped member linearly to supply / discharge in common to the left and right bends and bending the bar-shaped member set at the set center to the left and right at the set center. Since the moving distance of the rod-shaped member can be shortened, the processing time can be shortened.

The front view which shows the outline | summary of a processing apparatus. The side view which shows the outline | summary of a processing apparatus. The figure which shows the outline | summary of a processing unit. Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of a processing unit. It is a figure which shows the mode of opening and closing of an up-and-down type | mold and a pressure roller, FIG. 5 (a) is a figure which shows a mold open state, FIG.5 (b) is a figure which shows a mold closed state, FIG.5 (c) is a left bending process. The figure which shows a mode that it moves in order to do, FIG.5 (d) is a figure which shows a mode that it moves in order to carry out a right bending process. 6A and 6B are diagrams for explaining the outline of the bending die clamp. FIG. 6A is a plan view enlarged from the bending die clamp as viewed from above, and FIG. The figure seen from the direction of a groove, FIG.6 (c) is the figure which looked at the state which hold | gripped the workpiece | work by the 2nd clamp groove from the direction of the 2nd clamp groove. FIG. 7A is a plan view, FIG. 7B is a side view of the extension direction of the clamp groove, and FIG. 7C is an extension of the second clamp groove. Side view of directions. It is a top view which shows the example of the bending process by a processing unit, Fig.8 (a) is a figure which shows left-handed bending, FIG.8 (b) is a figure which shows right-handed bending, FIG.8 (c) is left-handed bending. FIG. 8D is a diagram showing right-handed bending. FIG. 9A and FIG. 9D are diagrams showing a state in which the processing unit is set in a left-bending state, and FIG. 9B and FIG. The figure which shows the state which moved the process unit below, FIG.9 (c) and FIG.9 (f) are the figures which show the state which set the process unit in the right bending state. It is a figure which further shows the structure of a movement unit, Fig.10 (a) is sectional drawing of a horizontal direction, FIG.10 (b) is sectional drawing of a vertical direction. The flowchart which shows the process in which a workpiece | work is processed with a processing apparatus. It is a top view which shows a different process unit, Fig.12 (a) is a figure which shows the mode of a left-handed bending process, FIG.12 (b) is a figure which shows the mode of a right push bending process. Furthermore, the top view which shows a different process unit. The side view of the processing unit shown in FIG. The top view which shows the example of the processing unit provided with two pressure rollers.

  FIG. 1 is a front view showing an outline of a processing apparatus for bending a rod-shaped member. An example of a rod-shaped member to be processed (work) is a pipe. The machining apparatus 1 includes a gantry 2, a workpiece support unit 5 that supports a pipe that is a workpiece W in the horizontal direction, a machining unit 10 that bends the workpiece W, and a machining unit 10 that moves up and down relative to the gantry 2. The moving unit 80 and the control unit 9 are supported. The control unit 9 includes a function of controlling the workpiece support unit 5, the machining unit 10, and the moving unit 80, respectively. The workpiece W may be a pipe, a tube, or another rod-like member.

  The workpiece support unit 5 includes a holder (clamp) 5a that grips the workpiece W in the horizontal direction, a motor 5b that rotates the holder 5a about the longitudinal axis (center axis) of the workpiece W, and the workpiece support unit 5. And a moving unit 5c that controls the distance to the processing unit 10 by moving the frame 2 on the gantry 2.

  The control unit 9 controls the motor 5b and the moving unit 5c of the workpiece support unit 5 to control the relative angle between the machining unit 10 and the workpiece W and the distance between the machining unit 10 and the workpiece support unit 5. A position control function (processing position control unit) 9a is included. By changing the relative position of the machining unit 10 and the workpiece support unit 5 or changing the angle, the relative angle between the machining unit 10 and the workpiece W and the distance between the machining unit 10 and the workpiece support unit 5 can be changed. Can be controlled.

  The control unit 9 includes a bending control unit 9b that controls the processing unit 10 to control the bending direction of the workpiece W and the bending method (pull bending and push bending). The processing control unit 9b performs mode 1 (M1) for left-hand bending, mode 2 (M2) for right-hand bending, mode 3 (M3) for left-hand bending, and right-hand bending. Mode 4 (M4) to be performed.

  The control unit 9 further controls a machining unit 10 and a moving unit 80, and has a clamp control function (clamp control unit) 9c that allows the machining unit 10 to grip (clamp) or release (release) the workpiece W at a predetermined position. Including. The clamp control function 9c includes a function of clamping the workpiece W at a predetermined position of left and right bending by using the moving unit 80 to raise and lower the processing unit 10 when switching between left and right bending.

  The moving unit (quick turn unit) 80 switches the positional relationship between the processing unit 10 and the workpiece W between the left bending and the right bending by moving the processing unit 10. The moving unit 80 once moves the machining unit 10 downward relative to the workpiece W to release the workpiece W from the machining unit 10, and moves the machining unit 10 upward to grip the workpiece W with the machining unit 10 whose posture has been changed. .

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the processing apparatus 1 is viewed from the processing unit 10 side. The processing unit 10 is attached to the gantry 2 such that the bending axis (first axis) 11 is inclined with respect to the vertical direction. It is necessary to reverse the inclination direction of the bending shaft 11 between the left bending and the right bending as described later. The moving unit 80 sets the center axis of the unmachined portion of the workpiece W supported by the workpiece support unit 5 to the set center C of the machining unit 10 and the retracted position away from the set center C. The second operation is performed. Therefore, as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line 89, the moving unit 80 linearly moves up and down while swinging the processing unit 10 left and right, and as a result, a portion to be clamped is drawn with respect to the workpiece W so as to draw a U or C shape. Then, the inclination of the bending shaft 11 is reversed. Due to the movement of the moving unit 80, the machining unit 10 moves linearly with respect to the workpiece W to a position (setting center) C for clamping the workpiece W. The workpiece W moves linearly from the retracted position to the clamped (clamped) position C relative to the processing unit 10.

  FIG. 3 shows an outline of the processing unit 10 extracted. FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration using a cross section along the bending axis 11 of the processing unit 10. The processing unit 10 includes a bending type clamp 20 that rotates around a bending axis (first axis) 11, a roller-type pressure (pressure roller) 30 that bends the workpiece W in cooperation with the bending type clamp 20, A first drive unit (drawing / bending mechanism) 40 that rotates the mold clamp 20 around the bending axis 11 and a second that rotates the pressure roller 30 around the bending axis 11 independently of the first drive unit 40. Drive unit (push-bending mechanism) 50, a mold opening / closing mechanism 60 that opens and closes the bending mold clamp 20 up and down, and a link unit that swings the pressure roller 30 relative to the bending mold clamp 20 in conjunction with the mold opening / closing mechanism 60 ( Pressure actuator mechanism 70). The processing unit 10 includes a slide plate 49 that is slidably attached to the gantry 2 via the moving unit 80, and these mechanisms 40 to 70 are supported via the slide plate 49.

  The bending clamp 20 includes a pair of upper and lower split mold parts (upper and lower molds) 23 and 22 including an arc-shaped portion, in this example, a ring-shaped bending groove 24, and bends a workpiece W such as a pipe along the bending groove 24. Used for processing. The pressure roller 30 includes a holding groove 31 having a semicircular cross section for holding the rod-shaped workpiece W in the bending groove 24 having a semicircular cross section of the bending die clamp 20 from the outer peripheral side of the bending groove 24. The holding groove 31 includes an arc-shaped portion, and in this example, a ring-shaped groove is provided over the entire circumference of the pressure roller 30.

  A bending mechanism (first driving unit) 40 that rotationally drives the bending clamp 20 drives a hollow shaft 45 that is supported by the slide plate 49 so as to rotate around the bending shaft 11, and the hollow shaft 45. A first motor (a bending motor) 41 and gears 42 a and 42 b that connect the bending motor 41 and the hollow shaft 45 are included. The bending motor 41 is fixed to the slide plate 49 via a support plate 48a. The hollow shaft 45 is rotatably attached to support plates 48b and 48c fixed to the slide plate 49 via bearings 47a and 47b. When the hollow shaft 45 is rotationally driven by the bending motor 41, the bending mold clamp 20 is rotationally driven around the bending shaft 11 through the upper mold opening / closing shaft 63 and the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 that rotate together with the hollow shaft 45. .

  A push-bending mechanism (second drive unit) 50 that rotationally drives the pressure roller 30 includes a housing 55 that is rotatably mounted around the hollow shaft 45, and a second motor (push-bending motor) that rotationally drives the housing 55. ) 51, and gears 52a and 52b for connecting the push-bending motor 51 and the housing 55 to each other. The pressure roller 30 is attached to the housing 55 via the pressure swing mechanism 70, and when the push bending motor 51 rotates the housing 55, the pressure roller 30 rotates around the bending shaft 11 together with the housing 55. The housing 55 is attached to the hollow shaft 45 by bearings 57 a and 57 b provided on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 45. The push-bending motor 51 is fixed to the slide plate 49 by a support plate 48c.

  The mold opening / closing mechanism 60 is a mechanism that opens and closes an upper mold (first unit) 23 and a lower mold (second unit) 22 that are a pair of upper and lower split mold portions of the bending mold clamp 20. The mold opening / closing mechanism 60 is inserted into the hollow shaft 45 so as to be slidable up and down along the bending shaft 11, and slides up and down along the bending shaft 11 inside the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62. An upper mold opening / closing shaft 63 inserted in a possible manner, a left / right screw 65 having screws different from the left and right of the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 and the upper mold opening / closing shaft 63, and a third motor (mold opening / closing motor for rotationally driving the left / right screw 65) 61). The mold opening / closing motor 61 is fixed to the slide plate 49 via a support portion 48d, and the left and right screws 65 are rotatably attached to the support plate 48a via bearings 67.

  The upper mold 23 of the bending mold clamp 20 is screwed to the upper mold opening / closing shaft 63, and the lower mold 22 is screwed to the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62. The upper mold opening / closing shaft 63 and the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 include at least a part of a portion connected to the upper mold 23, the lower mold 22, and the hollow shaft 45 (penetrating portion) including a non-rotating shape such as a square cross section, and bend each other. It rotates in conjunction with the periphery of the shaft 11. The left and right screws 65 include, for example, a left screw portion (left male screw) 65b at a portion connected to the upper mold opening / closing shaft 63, and a right screw portion (right male screw) 65a at a portion connected to the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62. Yes. The upper die opening / closing shaft 63 includes a left female screw portion 63 a, and the lower die opening / closing shaft 62 includes a right female screw portion 62 a formed on a nut 64. The left and right threads may be reversed. Therefore, when the left and right screws 65 are rotated forward and backward by the mold opening / closing motor 61, the upper mold opening / closing shaft 63 and the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 move in different directions, and the upper mold 23 and the lower mold 22 are opened and closed in a balanced (equal) manner. (Balanced opening and closing). A nut 64 is attached to the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 so that the mold closing height can be adjusted.

  As the left and right screws 65, it is desirable to use trapezoidal screws or the like within a lead angle that can be self-locked by a frictional force. The mold opening / closing motor 61 can be downsized by reducing the diameter around the bending axis and self-locking the mold opening force as compared with general ball screws and hydraulic / pneumatic cylinder opening / closing. Further, by adopting the left and right screws 65, the interference area around the bending shaft 11 can be reduced, the space efficiency can be improved, and the compact machining unit 10 can be provided.

  The pressure swing mechanism (link unit) 70 is a mechanism that links the housing 55 that rotates around the bending shaft 11 and the pressure roller 30, and includes a holder 71 that rotatably supports the pressure roller 30, and a fulcrum pin 72. Via a stay 74 that supports the housing 55 so that the holder 71 swings, an open spring 77 that applies a pulling force to the holder 71 in an open state, and a cylindrical cam that moves up and down integrally with the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62. 75 and a cam follower 73 that contacts the outer periphery of the cylindrical cam 75 and swings the holder 71 against the force of the opening spring 77.

  When the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 of the bending mold clamp 20 are opened (when the mold is opened), the pressure roller 30 is opened by the opening spring 77. When the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 are closed (when the mold is closed), the cam follower 73 is inclined by the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam 75 with the direction of the bending mold clamp 20 provided on the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 being narrow and extending downward. Swing along the surface 75a. A position where the holder 71 which is integrated with the cam follower 73 and supported by the stay 74 so as to swing obliquely with respect to the bending shaft 11 with the fulcrum pin 72 is rocked together with the cam follower 73 and the pressure roller 30 is brought into contact with the workpiece W. Close until. At the time of bending, the cam follower 73 is in contact with the outer cylindrical portion 75 b outside the inclined surface 75 a of the cylindrical cam 75, and the cam follower 73 rotates around the bending shaft 11 at a position away from the bending shaft 11. The cam follower 73 receives the opening force of the pressure roller 30 and clamps the workpiece W together with the bending die clamp 20.

  For this reason, in the processing unit 10, energy for holding the clamping force becomes unnecessary. Further, the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 and the pressure roller 30 can be opened and closed by a mold opening / closing motor 61, and a one-motor three-way opening / closing mechanism can be realized by the mold opening / closing mechanism 60 and the pressure swing mechanism 70. For this reason, in the processing unit 10, the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 and the pressure roller 30 are opened and closed synchronously by a small and energy saving opening / closing means.

  Further, in the pressure swing mechanism (link unit) 70, a stay 74 that supports the holder 71 so as to be swingable via a fulcrum pin 72 includes a connecting portion 74 a that is rotatably connected to the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62. The connecting portion 74 a includes a sliding bearing, and transmits a load in the vicinity of the fulcrum pin 72 of the stay 74 to the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 extending along the bending shaft 11. Therefore, the bending reaction force acting on the link unit 70 when the workpiece W is bent by being sandwiched between the upper die 23, the lower die 22 and the pressure roller 30 can be received near the bending die clamp 20 which is a bending portion. . For this reason, the load of bearings 57a and 57b connected to the housing 55 and bearings 47a and 47b around the other bending shaft 11 can be reduced. Further, deformation due to the bending moment of the link unit 70 including the stay 74 and the like can be reduced, and the workpiece W can be gripped with higher accuracy.

  FIG. 5 shows how the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 and the pressure roller 30 are opened and closed. FIG. 5A shows the mold open state. The upper die 23, the lower die 22 and the pressure roller 30 of the bending die clamp 20 are shown opened in three directions around the position (the position of the central axis of the workpiece W, the set center) C where the workpiece W is set. ing. FIG. 5B shows a closed mold state. The upper mold | type 23 of the bending type clamp 20, the lower mold | type 22, and the pressure roller 30 are shown closed. However, these drawings show a state in which the connecting portion 74a of the stay 74 is cut away to show the movement of the cam follower 73 and the like.

  In this processing unit 10, a mold opening / closing mechanism 60 that opens and closes the upper mold 23 and the lower mold 22 of the bending mold clamp 20 and a pressure swing mechanism 70 that opens and closes the pressure roller 30 are linked via a skirt-shaped cylindrical cam 75. The pressure roller 30 is opened and closed simultaneously with the opening and closing of the upper and lower molds 23 and 22. For this reason, an actuator for opening and closing the pressure roller 30 is not required, a sensor for detecting the opening and closing position is not required, and a mechanism for controlling the operation of the pressure roller 30 is also unnecessary.

  In this example, the pressure roller 30 is a form in which a round roll is rotatably supported. However, the pressure of a rectangular outer shape is supported so as to be swingable within a range necessary for bending left and right or supported so as to be slidable and slidable in the pipe axis direction. It may be in the form.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the upper and lower mechanisms (first unit) 23 and the lower mold (second unit) 22 of the opening / closing mechanism are vertically uniform (equilibrium) along the bending axis 11 by the mold opening / closing mechanism 60. The pressure 30 is opened and closed in a direction (perpendicular to the direction) 12 substantially perpendicular to the bending shaft 11 in conjunction with the mold opening / closing mechanism 60 by the pressure swing mechanism 70. Therefore, the upper mold 23, the lower mold 22 and the pressure 30 are used for bending, that is, the work W is placed in three different directions around the center (center axis, setting center) C of the unprocessed work W. It can be opened and closed at a distance that does not interfere with movement. For this reason, the workpiece W can be moved along the linear path 13 between the setting center C and the retracted position E.

  In this processing apparatus 1, the position of the workpiece W does not substantially move, and the processing unit 10 moves up and down by the moving unit 80. Therefore, when the workpiece W is taken in and out in the vertical direction (vertical direction), as shown in FIG. 5C, when bending to the left, the bending axis 11 is set to the left side of the drawing in the vertical direction with respect to the workpiece W. The machining unit 10 is moved upward (vertically) to the linear path 13 by tilting (rotating and swinging) so that a gap in which the workpiece W can move without interference is generated between the upper mold 23 and the pressure 30. The workpiece W can be accessed by moving it along. At this time, the machining unit 10 may be inclined to an angle at which the clamp portion 23b of the upper mold 23 does not interfere with the path 13, and by rotating the bending mold clamp 20 around the bending axis 11, the clamp section 23b and the path 13 are rotated. You may retreat to the position where it does not interfere. When the inclination of the processing unit 10 increases, the load (moment) of a heavy object such as a motor increases, so it is desirable to rotate the bending die clamp 20 to avoid interference with the clamp portion 23b. With the center of the workpiece W reaching the set center C, the upper die 23, the lower die 22 and the pressure 30 are closed to clamp the workpiece W and start bending.

  When it is necessary to change the bending angle, the bending shaft 11 of the machining unit 10 may be rotated to a predetermined angle in the mold open state of FIG. You may rotate so that it may become the angle of. When opening the workpiece W, the upper mold 23, the lower mold 22 and the pressure 30 may be opened again in three directions, and the processing unit 10 may be lowered along the path 13 in a state where the workpiece W is opened. The workpiece support unit 5 can move the workpiece W by an appropriate distance or rotate it by a predetermined angle.

  On the other hand, when the workpiece W is bent to the right, as shown in FIG. 5D, the processing unit 10 is moved upward by the moving unit 80 with the bending shaft 11 tilted to the right in the drawing. The workpiece W can be accessed by moving along the straight path 13 in the (vertical direction). The linear path 13 in FIGS. 5C and 5D is a path common to left and right bending. Accordingly, switching between the right bending and the left bending of the workpiece W is performed simply by changing the arrangement of the pressure 30 around the bending axis 11 and the inclination of the bending axis 11 while moving the machining unit 10 up and down by the moving unit 80. be able to.

  FIG. 6 shows an outline of the bending die clamp 20. FIG. 6A shows a state where the processing unit 10 is viewed from above, that is, from the direction of the bending clamp 20, and shows the bending clamp 20 as a center. FIG. 6B shows a state where the workpiece W is gripped by the clamp groove 25 of the bending clamp 20 as viewed from the extending direction of the workpiece W (extending direction of the clamp groove 25). FIG. 6C shows a state in which the workpiece W is gripped by the second clamp groove 26 of the bending clamp 20 as viewed from the extending direction of the second clamp groove 26.

  FIG. 7 shows the lower mold 22 extracted from the bending mold clamp 20 as a representative. FIG. 7A is a plan view, FIG. 7B is a side view in the extending direction of the clamp groove 25, and FIG. c) is a side view of the second clamp groove 26 in the extending direction. The configuration of the upper mold 23 that forms a pair with the lower mold 22 is also the same as that of the lower mold 22 and is not shown.

  The bending die clamp 20 includes a pair of upper and lower split mold portions 23a and 22a including a bending groove 24 including an arc-shaped portion, and a pair of upper and lower clamping portions 23b and 22b that hold a rod-shaped workpiece W inserted into the bending groove 24. Including. The pair of upper and lower clamp parts 23b and 22b protrude from the pair of upper and lower split mold parts 23a and 22a in the circumferential direction of the bending groove. Therefore, the upper clamp part 23b and the upper split mold part 23a are integrated to form an upper mold (first unit) 23, and the lower clamp part 22b and the lower split mold part 22a are integrated. A lower mold (second unit) 22 is formed.

  Each of the pair of upper and lower clamp parts 23b and 22b includes a clamp groove 25 and a second clamp groove 26 that cross in an X shape and are connected to the bending groove 24 so as to extend in the tangential direction of the bending groove 24, respectively. . The clamp parts 23b and 22b are protrusions protruding in a trapezoidal shape from one place on the outer periphery of the upper and lower split bending molds, and two pipe clamps for right and left bending connected to the bending radius of the bending groove 24 by tangent thereto The semicircular grooves 25 and 26 for use are arranged so as to intersect symmetrically in an X shape. One of the clamp groove 25 and the second clamp groove 26 is used as a pipe nipping groove for bending one side to the left and the other side to the right. In this example, the clamp groove 25 is a clamp groove for bending the workpiece W to the left when viewed from above, and the second clamp groove 26 is a clamp groove for bending the workpiece W to the right when viewed from above.

  One bending type clamp 20 corresponds to left bending and right bending, and is a bending type clamp common to left and right bendings. For this reason, in the processing unit 10 and the processing apparatus 1 employing the bending clamp 20, the rod-shaped member (work) W such as a pipe or a tube can be processed flexibly and efficiently.

  FIG. 8 shows several bending operations that can be performed by the processing unit 10. FIG. 8A shows a left-hand bending process (first mode), FIG. 8B shows a right-hand bending process (second mode), and FIG. 8C shows a left-hand bending process (first mode). 3), and FIG. 8D shows a left-handed bending process (fourth mode). Each figure shows a bending start position. The bending clamp 20 can rotate 360 degrees. The pressure roller 30 can rotate in a range that does not interfere with the slide plate 49 and the support plate 48 b that connects the slide plate 49 and the processing unit 10.

  8A, the workpiece W is set on the right side of the bending clamp 20 and the clamp portions 23b and 22b of the bending clamp 20 are bent with respect to the pressure roller 30. In the left bending process (first mode) of FIG. Set in direction. The bending motor 41 is driven and the bending mechanism 40 is used to rotate the bending clamp 20 to the left (clockwise, first direction) when viewed from above. The bending roller 20 is rotated with respect to the pressure roller 30 without rotating the pressure roller 30.

  8B, the workpiece W is set on the left side of the bending clamp 20 and the clamp portions 23b and 22b of the bending clamp 20 are bent with respect to the pressure roller 30. Set in direction. The bending motor 41 is driven to rotate the bending clamp 20 to the right (counterclockwise direction, second direction) when viewed from above. The bending roller 20 is rotated with respect to the pressure roller 30 without rotating the pressure roller 30.

  8C, the work W is set on the right side of the bending clamp 20 and the pressure roller 30 is bent with respect to the clamp portions 23b and 22b of the bending clamp 20. Set in direction. The push-bending motor 51 is driven and the push-bending mechanism 50 is used to rotate the pressure roller 30 to the left (clockwise) when viewed from above. The pressure roller 30 is rotated with respect to the bending die clamp 20 without rotating the bending die clamp 20.

  8D, the work W is set on the left side of the bending clamp 20 and the pressure roller 30 is bent with respect to the clamp portions 23b and 22b of the bending clamp 20. Set in direction. The push-bending motor 51 is driven to rotate the pressure roller 30 to the right (counterclockwise) when viewed from above. The pressure roller 30 is rotated with respect to the bending die clamp 20 without rotating the bending die clamp 20.

  In the processing unit 10, the bending mold clamp 20 is rotated by the pulling motor 41 and the pressure roller 30 is selectively rotated by the pressing and bending motor 51. Mixed bending is possible.

  Further, in the bending mold clamp 20, left and right bending clamp grooves 25 and 26 are provided symmetrically in one place on the outer periphery of the upper and lower split molds 22 and 23 that open and close in the direction of the bending axis 11. For this reason, interference between the radial direction and the rotational direction of the bending shaft 11 of the clamp mechanisms (clamp portions) 23b and 22b can be minimized. Further, by rotating the pressure roller 30 and the bending clamp 20 independently, the pressure position and the clamp position can be changed at various angles around the bending axis 11 including the start and end positions of the left and right pulling bending. Can be freely rotated. Therefore, the bending die clamp 20 is a bending die clamp that can be used for left and right pull bending that can accommodate a large bending angle, and the processing unit 10 that employs the bending die clamp 20 and is rotatable independently of the pressure roller 30. Can be bent in various ways, and can handle large bending angles.

  9 and 10 show a schematic configuration of the moving unit 80. FIG. FIG. 9A shows a state in which the processing unit 10 is set in a left-bending state positioned on the left side (clockwise) when viewed from above the bending clamp 20 by the moving unit 80, as shown in FIG. 9D. Show. FIG. 9C shows a state in which the machining unit 10 is set in a right-bending state by the moving unit 80 as shown in FIG. 9F. In FIG. 9B, as shown in FIG. 9E, the processing unit 10 is once moved downward by the moving unit (quick turn unit) 80 and switched from the left bending to the right bending or vice versa (quick turn). ) Indicates the state. 10A is a cross-sectional view in the lateral direction of the moving unit 80, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view in the vertical direction along the central axis of the moving unit 80.

  The moving unit 80 includes a connecting plate (base) 81 connected and fixed to the gantry 2, and a plate-like holder supported so as to swing left and right around the swinging shaft 82 (as a fulcrum) with respect to the connecting plate 81. 83 and a slide plate 49 that slides in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) 83c of the holder 83. The processing unit 10 is attached to the slide plate 49. The lower end 81a of the connecting plate 81 is curved in a convex shape so as to form a part of a circular arc with the center of the sliding shaft 82 as the center. The holder 83 includes a guide piece 83 a that guides the holder 83 so as to swing left and right along the lower end 81 a of the connecting plate 81. The upper surface 83 b of the guide piece 83 a is a concave guide surface that contacts the lower end 81 a of the connecting plate 81.

  The moving unit 80 includes a turn gear 84 that is rotatably mounted by an outer peripheral guide at a position along the central axis (axial direction) 83c of the holder 83, and is held by the holder 83. The turn gear 84 is connected to the coupling gears 86a and 86b. And a turn motor 85 that is driven via The turn gear 84 is incorporated in the holder 83 in a state of being sandwiched between the slide plate 49 and the connecting plate 81, and is a turn roller protruding forward and backward (front and back) at an eccentric position at a position along the axis 83c. 84a is included. The turn roller 84a is inserted into a first cam groove 81x whose back side extends in the vertical direction (vertical direction) along the axis 81c of the connecting plate 81. When the turn gear 84 rotates, the first cam groove 81x is rotated. Move up and down. The turn roller 84a is inserted into a second cam groove 49x whose front side extends in a direction orthogonal to the slide direction (axial direction) 83c of the slide plate 49. When the turn gear 84 rotates, the turn roller 84a By moving along the second cam groove 49x, the holder 83 swings to the left and right about the peristaltic shaft 82, and the slide plate 49 moves up and down.

  The workpiece W is supported by the workpiece support unit 5 on the axis 81 c of the connecting plate 81. The processing unit 10 is supported so that the bending axis 11 coincides with the axis 83 c of the holder 83 and the slide plate 49. Accordingly, when the turn gear 84 is driven to rotate clockwise by the turn motor 85 from the state shown in FIG. 9B, the turn roller 84a moves along the second cam groove 49x, and the slide plate 49 moves on the peristaltic shaft. It turns counterclockwise around 82. Further, the turn roller 84a moves along the first cam groove 81x, and the slide plate 49 moves upward along the axis 83c, resulting in the state shown in FIG.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 9D, the processing unit 10 attached to the slide plate 49 moves upward with the bending shaft 11 tilted, and the workpiece W is located at the initial position of the left bending. The mold 23, the lower mold 22 and the pressure 30 reach the set center C in the opened state. Accordingly, the machining unit 10 closes the upper mold 23, the lower mold 22 and the pressure 30 in this state, grips the workpiece W at a predetermined position, and starts the left bending process.

  When shifting to the right bending process after the left bending process is completed, when the turn gear 84 is driven to rotate counterclockwise by the turn motor 85 from the state shown in FIG. It will be in the state shown in b). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9 (e), the machining unit 10 attached to the slide plate 49 moves downward, and the workpiece W moves from the set center C to the retracted position E away from the machining unit 10. Move (relatively move).

  Further, when the turn gear 85 is driven to rotate counterclockwise by the turn motor 85, the turn roller 84a moves along the second cam groove 49x, and the slide plate 49 turns clockwise about the peristaltic shaft 82. The turn roller 84a moves along the first cam groove 81x, and the slide plate 49 moves upward along the axis 83c, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 9C.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 9 (f), the processing unit 10 attached to the slide plate 49 moves upward with the bending shaft 11 inclined in the direction opposite to that in FIG. 9 (d). W reaches the set center C in the state in which the upper die 23, the lower die 22 and the pressure 30 at the initial position of the left bend are opened. Accordingly, the machining unit 10 closes the upper mold 23, the lower mold 22 and the pressure 30 in this state, grips the workpiece W at a predetermined position, and starts right bending.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the machining unit 10 once descends downward and swings in the left-right reverse direction, changes the direction of the upper die 23, the lower die 22 and the pressure 30 and then rises again to move the processing unit 10 from the right bend to the left. The workpiece W can be bent by bending or vice versa. As shown in FIG. 8, both right bending and left bending may be pull bending or push bending.

  The position of the peristaltic shaft 82, the turning radius and turning angle of the turn roller 84a are determined by the movement of the left and right bent rod-shaped member (work) W and the supply / discharge path 13 of the processing unit 10 when the processing unit 10 is moved upward. Can be selected to match. Further, the position of the peristaltic shaft 82 and the turning radius and turning angle of the turn roller 84a are necessary for the machining unit 10 to detour with an appropriate clearance to the position E where the workpiece W has escaped when switching between left and right. Can be selected so as to ensure a proper trajectory and lifting stroke. At this time, if the clamp portion of the clamp-integrated bending clamp 20 interferes with the linear movement path 13 of the workpiece W, the bending clamp 20 is rotated around the first shaft 11. Therefore, interference can be avoided and the workpiece W can be fed and discharged linearly.

  In the above description, the turn motor 85 rotates the turn roller 84a via the coupling gears 86a and 86b and the turn gear 84, and the slide plate 49 is moved up and down and the holder 83 is swung horizontally. The example which moves to U-shape 89 is demonstrated. It is also possible to change the second cam groove 49x provided in the slide plate 49 into a linear groove in the horizontal direction to make a circular arc groove or a V-shaped groove symmetrical to the center line. Further, the vertical movement of the processing unit 10 and the switching of the left and right inclinations may be performed in order. It is also possible to appropriately change the stroke of the machining unit 10 ascending / descending and the turn trajectory. While the processing unit 10 is retracted from the workpiece W, the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 and the pressure 30 are turned around the bending axis 11 by an appropriate angle, and the clamp (projection) 23b of the bending mold clamp 20 and It is desirable to set (rotate and retract) 22b at a position where it does not interfere with the workpiece W.

  As shown in FIG. 10B, the moving unit 80 further locks the connecting plate 81 with the balance mechanism 87 for pressing (pressing) the slide plate 49 upward and the holder 83 swinging left and right. A lock mechanism 88 may be provided. The balance mechanism 87 preferably includes pressing means such as an air cylinder or a spring that supplies all or part of the upward thrust required to push the slide plate 49 upward along with the weight of the processing unit (bending unit) 10. . Since all or part of the weight of the machining unit 10 can be supported by the balance mechanism 87, the output of the turn motor 85 that rotationally drives the turn gear 84 can be reduced.

  The lock mechanism 88 includes means for fixing the guide piece 83 a fixed to the holder 83 and the connecting plate 81, for example, a taper key, and reliably supports the load of the turn motor 85 attached to the holder 83. It is also possible to use the rotary unit for twisting the processing unit (bending unit) 10, and in this case, the moment of inertia of the twist is likely to be applied to the turn motor 85. The influence of the moment of inertia can be suppressed by fixing to the connecting plate 81 and the holder 83 after the switching to.

  In this example, locking for preventing the processing unit 10 from further rocking at the left and right bending positions is performed by the connecting plate 81 and the guide piece 83a of the holder 83. However, the locking position is determined by the holder 83 and the turn gear 84. You may go. Further, instead of moving the machining unit 10 up and down by the moving unit 80, the workpiece support unit 5 may be provided with an elevating function to move the workpiece W to the retreat position E. In this case, since the slide plate 49 and the holder 83 can be configured integrally, the horizontal groove (second cam groove) 49x for raising and lowering the slide plate 49 and the turn roller 84a inserted through the groove can be omitted. The bending axis 11 of the processing unit 10 may be simply tilted left and right.

  As a unit (moving unit) for switching the direction of the processing unit 10, another mechanism such as an XY orthogonal slide may be provided. This moving unit 80 has a feature that there are few actuators and components and can be reduced in size and weight, and the pipe shaft is fixed, and it is wrapped with pipe feeding and twisting between bending points. Can be switched instantly. For this reason, the time for switching between the left and right bends can be greatly reduced.

  FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an outline of a method of processing the workpiece W by the processing apparatus 1 (processing method, control method of the processing apparatus). In step 101, the clamp control function 9c of the control unit 9 controls the mold opening / closing mechanism 60 to open the upper mold 23, the lower mold 22 and the pressure 30 in three different directions with the set center C as the center to open the workpiece W. To do. Further, the machining position control unit 9 a controls the workpiece support unit 5 to move the workpiece W so that the machining position reaches the machining unit 10. Further, the angle (rotation angle) of the workpiece W is also controlled so that the bending direction faces a desired direction.

  When the workpiece W reaches the bending point, the machining control unit 9b determines the machining mode in step 102, and if it is the left-hand bending in the first mode M1, the first mode (left-hand bending in step 103) is determined. Set the processing unit to (Processing). In step 109, the clamp control function 9c closes the upper die 23, the lower die 22 and the pressure 30 to clamp the workpiece W, and performs bending in the set mode. If the mode is different from the bending process performed previously, in step 103, the machining control unit 9b uses the moving unit 80 to raise and lower the machining unit 10 as described above, and change the orientation of the machining unit 10 with respect to the workpiece W. I do.

  The clamp position of the bending mold clamp 20 and the left / right bending position of the pressure roller 30 are switched by rotating the pressure roller 30 to the next bending start position after the machining unit 10 is lowered, and the clamping portion ( The protrusions 22b and 23b are rotationally moved to the bending start position. These left / right bending, push bending, and pull bending switching processes can be performed in parallel with the workpiece feed in step 101. Switching between the left and right bending positions may be performed by raising and lowering the pipe chuck (work support unit) 5 and moving left and right.

  Similarly, if it is the right mode bending process in the second mode M2 in step 104, the processing unit 10 is set in the second mode (right direction bending process) in step 105, and the workpiece W is clamped in step 109. Bending is performed in the set mode. If the left push bending process of the third mode M3 is performed in step 106, the machining unit 10 is set in the third mode (left push bending process) in step 107, and the workpiece W is clamped and set in step 109. Bending in mode. If it is not these modes, the processing unit 10 is set to the fourth mode (right push bending) in step 108, and the bending is performed in the mode set by clamping the workpiece W in step 109.

  In the bending process, the workpiece W is gripped by one of the clamp grooves 25 or 26 of the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 with the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 and the pressure roller 30 of the bending mold clamp 20 closed. In the case of bending for rotating the upper and lower molds 23 and 22, the upper and lower molds 23 and 22 are rotated together with the bending hollow shaft 45 through a gear by a bending motor 41. In the case of push-bending in which the pressure roller 30 supported by the housing 55 is rotated, the pressure roller 30 is rotated around the bending clamp 20 by a push-bending motor 51 via a gear, and the workpiece W is moved up and down the mold 23. Bending is performed along the bending grooves 24 formed in the grooves 22 and 22.

  In step 110, it is determined whether or not the bending process is completed. If there is a next bending process, the process returns to step 101 and the process is repeated. The control unit 9 for controlling the processing method (control method) can be realized by a computer resource including a CPU and a memory, and the processing method (control method) can be provided as a program (program product) recorded on an appropriate recording medium.

  By this method, the rear end of a rod-like workpiece W such as a pipe is chucked by the pipe feeding unit (work support unit) 5, and the pipe is moved from the first bending point on the tip side of the workpiece W toward the final bending point on the chuck side. The workpiece W can be machined into various shapes by bending and twisting the feed unit 5.

  The workpiece W may be fed in the axial direction by mounting the machining unit 10 and a switching unit (moving unit) 80 for switching the left and right bending positions on the feeding unit and feeding it, and fixing the mechanism on the pipe twist chuck side.

  In this processing apparatus 1, continuous bending processing in which the left and right bending directions and the pull bending method are mixed (combined) can be performed. For this reason, the bending control program (processing data) can be generated by selecting and specifying a bending direction and a bending method without interference for each bending portion. For example, a bending direction and bending method identification flag may be added to a feed / twist / bending processing data table for each bending portion with respect to a general one-way / one-direction bending control program (data). In the processing apparatus 1, the bending mold clamp 20 and the pressure roller 30 are rotationally moved to the bending start position by the control program corresponding to the selected and specified identification flag, and the left and right bending positions are switched by the moving unit 80 if necessary. Do. Subsequent bending operations may be the same as the general one-way one-system bending operation control. The switching operation of the bending direction and the bending method can be controlled so as to be performed automatically and continuously by lapping with the feeding / twisting operation between the bending points.

  Further, the control unit 9 may have an automatic arc length calculation function according to the bending radius and the bending angle in order to feed the pipe corresponding to the bending arc length. It is possible to control the feeding of the workpiece W so that the workpiece W is fed before the bending process in addition to the feeding of the straight pipe length between the bending points at the time of bending, while feeding at the time of bending.

  The processing unit 10 can perform feeding, twisting, and bending back by a lapping operation with a minimum opening / closing stroke by balanced opening / closing of the clamp integrated bending type. For this reason, high-speed bending is possible. Further, the upper and lower bending dies (upper and lower dies) 23 and 22 and the pressure 30 are opened and closed in three directions by one motor using the die opening / closing mechanism 60 and the pressure swing mechanism 70. By adopting such an energy saving opening / closing means, it is possible to provide a machining unit 10 that is small and light and capable of performing various bending processes at high speed.

  A conventional left and right bending apparatus does not have a function of opening all of the bending die, clamp, and pressure with respect to the pipe processing axis (clamp center C). For this reason, when performing automatic feeding / discharging in the direction orthogonal to the pipe axis, short-distance feeding / discharging in a straight path is difficult due to interference of a clamp or a bending die, and movement in a plurality of directions is necessary. Therefore, there are a problem that the supply / discharge time becomes long, a problem that the conveying means becomes complicated, and the switching of the left and right bending positions has the same problem.

  That is, when pipes are supplied in the vertical direction with little interference to the bending mechanism and the bent pipe, the middle mold and upper mold can be opened and closed in one direction with the lower mold fixed. Therefore, it is necessary to move down to the middle position of the mold opening gap at a position where it does not interfere with the outer diameter of the upper mold, and then move horizontally to the clamp groove position of the bending radius and further down until it comes into contact with the lower mold clamp groove. is there. For this reason, the bending direction switching requires similar horizontal movement in the reverse direction and reverse direction. In the case of a structure in which the upper and lower molds are bent from the horizontal direction, movement in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is required in order to set the pipe in the bending groove on the outer periphery of the bending mold.

  In addition, when performing continuous bending at multiple locations, the feeding, twisting, and unbending operations between the bending points are as follows. It must be done after letting it go. In the case of pressure-bending, it is necessary to return the pressure to the bending start position, open the clamp, and perform the relief movement to avoid contact scratches between the bending die and the pipe. Therefore, there is a problem that the bending time becomes long because the feeding, twisting, and bending return operations cannot be performed with the pipe shaft fixed.

  On the other hand, the processing apparatus 1 described above can perform linear feeding and discharging at a short distance in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece W (for example, a pipe axis) at the left and right bending common position. The processing apparatus 1 includes a processing unit (bending unit) 10 that opens and closes a clamp integrated vertical bending die 20 and a pressure 30 in three directions around a pipe axis C to be processed. The opening gap is an opening gap that does not interfere with the pipe outer diameter on the straight supply / discharge path 13 connecting the pipe axis center (set center) C, and the straight supply / discharge path 13 is supplied to the supply / discharge loader (pipe feed unit) 5. The bending axis 11 of the processing unit 10 is inclined and arranged so as to coincide with the discharge direction. Further, by supplying and discharging the clamp protrusions (clamp portions) 23b and 22b of the bending clamp 20 to a position where they do not interfere with the pipe supply / discharge path 13, a linear path supply / discharge orthogonal to the pipe axis and the pipe axis are provided. A fixed one-way feed is possible, and in the case of left-right bending, a bending unit clamp 20 of the machining unit 10 is bypassed under the workpiece W by a moving unit (quick turn unit) 80 to feed the pipe shaft common to the left-right bending. Switch to the exhaust route 13. With such a configuration, it is possible to perform one-way feeding of a straight path supply / discharge at a common position of left and right bending and pipe shaft fixation (fixed setting center C of the workpiece W). Therefore, it is possible to provide a high-speed pipe bending apparatus capable of performing lapping operations such as feeding, twisting, bending back, and switching between left and right bending positions with the pipe shaft fixed.

  The above-described processing device 1 is an example, and instead of a device that fixes the processing unit 10 that is a bending unit and performs twisting and feeding on the pipe side (work side), the processing unit 10 side is twisted. Alternatively, the processing unit 10 of this example may be incorporated in a rotary bending apparatus or a robot bending apparatus that carries the bending unit. In the case where the machining unit 10 is portable by the robot and is fed and twisted on the robot side, the machining unit 10 can be reduced in weight with a simple configuration, so the loadable weight can be reduced, and short stroke opening and closing and high-speed bending by lapping operation can be performed. In addition, the twisting motion range that has a lot of interference and long motion time in robot bending can be halved by bending left and right. For this reason, robot bending can be performed at high speed.

  FIG. 12 shows a different example of the processing unit 10. This processing unit 10 performs a unidirectional drawing and reverse bending process. The processing unit 10 shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B includes a unidirectional bending clamp 20 a having one clamping groove continuous to the bending groove 24, and a pressure roller type pressure 30. As shown in FIG. 12 (a), the left-hand bending can be performed by pressing the workpiece W with the pressure roller 30 and rotating the bending die clamp 20a in the clockwise direction. As shown in FIG. 12B, when the workpiece W is pressed by the bending die clamp 20a and the pressure roller 30 is rotated counterclockwise, the right-handed bending process can be performed.

  The bending type clamp 20a shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) is a bending type for left-handed bending and right-handed bending. However, if the clamping position is changed to a bending type with the opposite direction, the left-handed bending is reversed. It is possible to provide the processing unit 10 that performs the bending process and the right push bending process.

  In the case where only a general bending function is sufficient, the pressure 30 may be fixed, and the second drive unit (push-bending mechanism) 50 that rotationally drives the pressure 30 is omitted, and the housing that supports the pressure 30 A configuration in which 55 is fixed to the slide plate 49 may be employed. Alternatively, the processing unit 10 for both left and right bending may be configured by rotating the pressure 30 to the left and right bending position manually or by a jig and fixing the pressure 30 at that position.

  FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 show further different examples of the processing unit 10. 13 is a plan view and FIG. 14 is a side view. The processing unit 10 includes a bending die clamp 20b having left and right bending clamps at two locations on both sides, and two fixed type left and right pressures 30a and 30b arranged on the left and right. The processing unit 10 includes a pressure opening / closing mechanism (third drive mechanism) 90 that selectively opens and closes the pressures 30a and 30b, instead of the pushing / bending mechanism 50 that rotates the pressure 30a.

  The pressure opening / closing mechanism 90 includes a pressure opening / closing cam 93 for operating cam followers (opening / closing cams) 73a and 73b for opening / closing the pressures 30a and 30b, and a pressure opening / closing cam for driving the pressure opening / closing cam 93 via gears 94a, 94b and 94c. A motor 95. The pressure opening / closing motor 93 rotates the pressure opening / closing cam 93 around the bending shaft 11 to selectively swing and open the pressure 30a or 30b on any one side.

  When the pressures 30a and 30b are provided on both sides of the bending shaft 11, the pressure 30a or 30b on the unused side interferes with the clamp protrusions 23b and 22b of the bending clamp 20b that rotates and bends and the workpiece W (for example, a pipe) to be bent. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to perform the bending process in a state of being opened below the bending surface of the pipe. The pressure opening / closing cam 93 opens and closes only the pressure 30a or 30b on one side by rotation. Therefore, the pressure opening / closing cam 93 includes an inclined cylindrical cam shape, and includes a portion in the radial direction that closes the pressure 30a or 30b at the maximum radius portion and opens the pressure by a necessary gap at the minimum radius portion. According to the swing trajectory of 73a and 73b, it has a shape that is smoothly connected on an inclined surface. Therefore, by rotating the pressure opening / closing cam 93 by the pressure opening / closing motor 95, the opening / closing cams 73a and 73b can be operated independently, and either the pressure 30a or 30b can be opened / closed independently.

  The pressures 30a and 30b in FIG. 13 are used when the semicircular holding groove 31 is a straight line and the pressures 30a and 30b slide in the pipe 71 in the direction of the pipe axis following the bending in the slide groove of the holder 71. In the form example, the bend start position is returned by the return cylinder 78 or the spring. The pressures 30a and 30b may be the above-described roller type pressure (pressure roller) 30.

  In FIG. 15, the example of the processing unit 10 provided with the roller-type pressure roller 30 is shown with the top view. This processing unit 10 includes a bending die clamp 20b provided with clamp portions 23b and 22b for bending left and right at two locations on both sides, and two pressure rollers 30 arranged on the left and right. By providing a mechanism for escaping one of the pressure rollers 30 arranged on the left and right, the left and right bending can be performed.

  The bending-type clamp 20 shown in FIGS. 13 to 15 may be provided with the left and right bending clamp grooves described in FIGS. 6 to 8 intersecting in an X shape and gathered in one place. 13 to 15 corresponds to the mixed bending of the left and right pulling bending, but when the right and left bending is not necessary, the pressure opening / closing mechanism 90 is omitted, and one pressure mechanism is replaced with the above-described FIGS. 3 to 5. It may be configured to be opened and closed by a skirt-shaped cylindrical cam 75 provided in the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 described above.

  Also in this processing unit 10, a clamp-integrated up-and-down bending die 20b that opens and closes around a pipe axis (set center) C, and pressures 30a and 30b (or two pressure rollers 30) that open and close in a direction perpendicular to the die opening and closing direction are provided. It has the feature as the processing unit 10 of the three-way opening and closing structure. Therefore, the opening gap between the upper mold 23 and the pressures 30a and 30b (or the two pressure rollers 30) is set to an interval that does not interfere with the pipe outer diameter on the straight supply / discharge path 13 connecting the gap and the pipe axis center C. Thus, the bending shaft 11 of the processing unit 10 can be inclined so that the supply / discharge direction of the supply / discharge loader and the straight supply / discharge path 13 coincide. Further, it is desirable to rotate and retract the clamp projections 23b and 22b of the bending clamp 20b to a position where they do not interfere with the pipe supply / discharge path 13 during supply / discharge. In this processing unit 10 as well, short-distance straight path supply / discharge in the direction perpendicular to the pipe axis and one-way feed of the pipe axis can be performed.

  In the above description, the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam 75 is integrally formed with the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62. However, the pressure swing mechanism (link unit) is configured to be rotatably attached to the lower mold opening / closing shaft 62 via a bearing. It is also possible to change the cam follower 73 of 70 to a cam block that does not rotate.

  As described above, the processing unit and the processing apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

10 Processing unit 20 Bending mold clamp,
22a, 23a A pair of upper and lower split mold parts 22b, 23b A pair of upper and lower clamp parts 22 Second unit (lower mold), 23 First unit (upper mold)
30 pressure roller 60 type opening and closing mechanism 70 link unit

One of the different aspects of the present invention is a method (manufacturing method, control method) including bending a rod-shaped member by a processing unit. The processing unit includes a pair of upper and lower split mold parts including a bending groove, a pair of upper and lower clamp parts for holding a bar-shaped member inserted in the bending groove, and a holding groove for holding the bar-shaped member in the bending groove from the outer peripheral side of the bending groove. Including pressure. In this method, before bending, the upper split mold part and the upper clamp part, the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part, and the pressure are mounted in the bending groove. This includes moving and setting the bar-shaped member linearly to the set center in a state where the bar-shaped member is opened in three different directions with respect to the set center which is the position of the central axis of the bar-shaped member.

The method includes set by tilting the processing unit, the method comprising supplying and discharging a common path bending left and right by moving the bar-like member in a straight line, to be bent, the rod-shaped member that is set in the set central It is desirable to include bending left and right at the center of setting. Since the moving distance of the rod-shaped member can be shortened, the processing time can be shortened.

Although FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 bend clamp 20a shown in (b) is a bending tool of the bending press left pull bending and right, right pull contrary to the above if exchanged type bending clamping position is reverse It is possible to provide a processing unit 10 that performs bending and left- press bending.

Claims (17)

A pair of upper and lower split mold parts including bending grooves for bending the rod-shaped member;
A pair of upper and lower clamps for holding a bar-shaped member inserted in the bending groove;
A pressure including a holding groove for holding a rod-shaped member in the bending groove from an outer peripheral side of the bending groove;
The first unit including the upper split mold part and the upper clamp part, the second unit including the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part, and the pressure are mounted in the bending groove. A processing unit having an opening / closing unit that opens and closes in three different directions with the position of the central axis of the rod-shaped member in a state of being set as a set center.   2. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a bending mold clamp including the upper split mold part and the upper clamp part integrated with each other, and the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part integrated with each other. unit. 3. The opening / closing unit according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing unit opens and closes the first unit and the second unit in a balanced manner.
A processing unit comprising: a link unit that moves the pressure away from or close to the set center in conjunction with movement of the opening / closing unit. The link unit according to claim 3, wherein the link unit includes a skirt-shaped cylindrical cam that moves up and down in conjunction with the opening / closing unit;
When the skirt-shaped cylindrical cam moves up and down and moves up and down to open and close the first unit and the second unit, the pressure is moved into the bending groove. And a cam follower that moves so that the pressure opens and closes. 5. The opening / closing unit according to claim 3, wherein the opening / closing unit includes a first opening / closing shaft that moves the first unit up and down;
A second opening and closing shaft for moving the second unit up and down;
Left and right screw members for moving the first opening and closing shaft and the second opening and closing shaft in opposite directions;
A machining unit including an open / close motor that rotates the left and right screw members. The link unit according to claim 5, wherein the link unit includes a holder that supports the pressure so that the pressure swings with respect to the first opening / closing shaft and the second opening / closing shaft.
A processing unit comprising: a support portion that supports the holder so as to be rotatable with respect to the first opening and closing shaft and the second opening and closing shaft. The pressure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pressure includes a pressure roller including the holding groove including an arcuate portion,
A first drive unit that rotates about a first axis with the first unit and the second unit closed; and
A processing unit, comprising: a second drive unit that rotates about the first axis independently of the first drive unit in a state where the pressure is closed. 3. The pressure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure includes left and right pressures disposed at two left and right positions,
A first drive unit that rotates about a first axis with the first unit and the second unit closed; and
A machining unit, comprising: a third drive unit that rotates about the first axis independently of the first drive unit and opens and closes one of the left and right pressures.   9. The third drive unit according to claim 8, wherein the third drive unit rotates about the first shaft so as to close either one of the left and right opening / closing cams and the left and right opening / closing cams. A machining unit including an inclined cylindrical cam.   10. The processing unit according to claim 7, wherein the pair of upper and lower clamp parts is a clamp part shared by left and right bendings including a clamp groove intersecting in an X shape. 10. A processing unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
A work support unit for supporting the rod-shaped member;
Moving at least one of the machining unit and the workpiece support unit, and setting a center axis of an unmachined portion of the bar-like member supported by the workpiece support unit to the set center of the machining unit; A processing apparatus comprising: a moving unit that performs a second operation of setting the retracted position away from the setting center.   12. The machining unit according to claim 11, wherein the moving unit moves the center axis of the unprocessed portion of the bar-like member supported by the work support unit relatively linearly between the set center and the retracted position. apparatus.   The moving unit according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the moving unit relatively moves a central axis of an unprocessed portion of the bar-shaped member supported by the work support unit in the vertical direction, and moves the processing unit to the first unit and A processing apparatus for supporting the second unit so that an opening / closing direction of the second unit is inclined with respect to a vertical direction.   14. The first moving unit according to claim 11, wherein the processing unit includes a mechanism that bends the rod-like member left and right, and the moving unit swings left and right while moving the processing unit up and down. Including processing equipment. 15. The first mobile unit according to claim 14, wherein
Base and
A holder that swings relative to the base;
A slide plate that supports the processing unit so as to slide up and down in the holder;
A first cam groove in the vertical direction provided in the base;
A second cam groove in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the slide plate provided on the slide plate;
A turn gear including a turn roller that moves inside the first cam groove and the second cam groove;
A processing apparatus, comprising: a turn motor held by the holder, the turn motor rotatingly driving the turn gear. A method comprising bending a rod-shaped member by a processing unit,
The processing unit includes a pair of upper and lower split mold parts including a bending groove;
A pair of upper and lower clamps for holding a bar-shaped member inserted in the bending groove;
A pressure including a holding groove for holding a rod-shaped member in the bending groove from an outer peripheral side of the bending groove;
The method is
The upper split mold part and the upper clamp part, the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part, and the pressure of the central axis of the rod-shaped member mounted in the bending groove A method comprising: moving and setting the rod-like member linearly to the set center in a state where the position is opened in three different directions with the position as the set center. The claim 16, further comprising:
The upper split mold part and the upper clamp part, the lower split mold part and the lower clamp part, and the pressure tilt the machining unit that opens in three different directions from the set center. Moving the rod-like member in a straight line to supply and discharge in common to the left and right bends;
Bending the rod-shaped member set at the set center to the left and right at the set center.

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