JP2015105557A - Daylighting structure in roof frame - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a daylighting structure in a roof frame capable of securing a daylighting function of a monitor roof even when snow has accumulated on the roof surface, when the monitor roof is formed on a part of the roof frame.SOLUTION: A roof frame comprises: monitor roofs 2 arranged in parallel in the width direction; truss beams 3 and 3 of a planar truss laid out as a slanted plane with respect to the horizontal plane, having an upper chord member 31, a lower chord member 32 and a lattice member 33 spanned between the chord members 31 and 32; and an upper connecting member 4 spanned between the truss beams 3 and 3 and connecting the truss beams 3 and 3. On the monitor roof 2, an opening 7 is formed for daylighting the indoor side of the truss beam 3, at least on a part of finishing materials 6 and 6 of the side surface side installed on the outdoor side of both surfaces in the width direction.

Description

  The present invention relates to a daylighting structure in a roof frame that makes it possible to ensure daylighting even when there is snow on a roof surface (roof finishing material).

  For example, in structures such as factories and warehouses where a large pillar-free space is required, it is necessary to give rigidity to the roof frame. As shown, a flat truss with upper and lower chords is often used as the beam.

  Here, in order to ensure the lighting from the roof surface, for example, a convex portion bent into a cross-sectional shape of an upward convex triangle is formed on a part of the roof finishing material (roofing material) laid on the beam, It is necessary to form an opening in a part of the convex portion. The reason why the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion is triangular is that sunlight is incident from a near-perpendicular angle with respect to the composition plane formed by the surface including the opening, so that the efficiency of lighting with respect to the area of the opening is reduced. Due to the high.

  However, in snowy areas, it is expected that snow will cover the opening as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 9 as a result of snowfall on the roof finishing material. Function is impaired.

  Securing lighting by projecting a beam of a truss structure, such as a flat truss that supports the roof frame, above the flat surface of the roof is a technique that has been adopted before (see Patent Documents 1 to 3). There are no examples of structures suitable for daylighting assuming snowfall in snowy areas.

JP-A-63-44057 (Claim 1, FIG. 1) JP 2006-233420 A (FIGS. 1 and 3) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-86648 (Claim 1, paragraphs 0009 to 0014, FIG. 1)

  In Patent Document 3, in order to give the rooftop to secure the lighting enough strength to bear a snow load, a bundle material is arranged on the pillar in the rooftop, and the construction surface facing the width direction of the rooftop is inclined. Although materials are erected (Claim 1, paragraph 0011), a method for securing lighting when there is snow on the entire roof surface including the rooftop is not shown.

  In view of the above background, the present invention proposes a daylighting structure that ensures the function of daylighting on the rooftop when a rooftop is formed on a part of the roof frame and there is snow on the roof surface.

The daylighting structure in the roof frame of the invention according to claim 1 is supported by pillars arranged in two horizontal directions, and is an upwardly convex box shape continuous in the other direction in at least a part of any one direction. In the roof frame in which the crossover of the cross section is formed, and the side surface finishing material is laid on the outdoor side of both sides in the width direction of this crossover,
A truss beam of a plane truss having a top chord member and a bottom chord member, and a lattice member laid between the two chord members, arranged in parallel with the width direction thereof, and inclined with respect to a horizontal plane. And an upper connecting member that spans between the truss beams and connects the truss beams, and an opening for taking sunlight into the indoor side of the truss beam is formed in at least a part of the side surface finishing material. This is a component requirement.

  “One direction” and “Other direction” are the span direction and the traversing direction of the structure, but since the span direction and the traversing direction are relative directions, “One direction” and “Other direction” are Both span direction and column direction may occur. “Covered roof with box-shaped cross section” means that the top side of the roof is basically square or close to the cross section when viewed in the length direction of the roof. The upper surface (upper surface portion 21) of the rooftop need not be a flat surface, and may be polygonal or curved.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the rooftop 2 is constructed between the truss beams 3 and 3 as parallel beams in the width direction and between the upper ends of the truss beams 3 and 3, and the frame of the upper surface portion 21 of the rooftop 2 is formed. The upper connecting material 4 to be configured is configured as a basic component. The truss beam 3 includes an upper chord member 31 and a lower chord member 32, and a lattice member 33 connecting the two chord members 31 and 32 as basic components, and a bundle member between the upper chord member 31 and the lower chord member 32 as shown in FIG. 34 may be constructed. The side surface finishing material 6 is laid on the outdoor side of the truss beam 3.

  The upper connecting material 4 is constructed between the upper chord members 31 of the truss beams 3 and 3, and the upper connecting material 4 may be accompanied by a horizontal brace 5 or the like. Regions excluding the lattice material 33 or the lattice material 33 and the bundle material 34 between the upper chord material 31 and the lower chord material 32 because the beams (truss beams 3) located on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop 2 are constituted by flat trusses. Since an opening is formed, lighting through the truss beam 3 is possible.

  The truss beam 3 is arranged with the material axis direction facing the other direction (span direction or column direction). The construction surface of the truss beam 3 is mainly a vertical surface or other “surface inclined with respect to the horizontal plane”. However, the side surface finish is formed in a plane parallel to the construction surface of the truss beam 3 and the opening 7 is formed. In order to avoid snow accumulation on 6, it is reasonable to form a vertical surface or a surface close to the vertical surface. “Close to the vertical surface” means an angle at which the snow falls without adhering to it even if there is snow on the side surface side finishing material 6. If the side surface finishing material 6 including the opening 7 is processed so that snow does not easily adhere to the surface, the side surface finishing material even if the angle of the truss beam 3 with respect to the horizontal plane is about 45 degrees Snow on 6 is avoided.

  The lower chord member 32 of the truss beam 3 is connected (joined) to the lower connecting member 10 constituting the lower surface portion 9 that is a portion of the roof frame 1 excluding the overhead roof 2. The lower connecting material 10 constitutes a framework of the roof frame 1 other than the rooftop 2, and the lower connecting material 10 may be accompanied by a horizontal brace 11 or the like. As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of the rooftops 2 may be arranged at intervals in the width direction. In that case, the crossover roof 2 and the lower surface portion 9 are alternately arranged in the width direction of the crossover roof 2, and the lower connecting material 10 is constructed between the lower chord members 32, 32 of the adjacent rooftops 2, 2. The lower surface portion 9 does not need to be a flat surface, and may be a polygonal shape or a curved shape.

  Roof finishing material is laid on the surface side of the roof frame 1 including the rooftop 2, and among them, the side surface finishing material laid on the surface side of the truss beams 3, 3 on both sides of the rooftop 2. An opening 7 is formed in at least a part of 6 and 6. Since the opening 7 overlaps the opening formed between the upper chord member 31 and the lower chord member 32 of the truss beam 3 constituting the rooftop 2 directly or with a gap therebetween, sunlight is opened as shown by a broken line in FIG. It becomes the opening for lighting which introduces indoors through the opening of the part 7 and the truss beam 3. An upper surface side finishing material 8 as a roof finishing material is laid on the upper connecting material 4 connecting the truss beams 3 and 3 of the rooftop 2 (Claim 4).

  The roof finishing material of the lower surface side finishing material 12 laid on the side surface finishing material 6, the upper surface side finishing material 8, and the lower connecting material 10 constituting the lower surface part 9 is basically the truss beam 3, the upper surface part 21, respectively. Although it is laid through a base material installed on the outdoor side of each frame of the lower surface portion 9, a gap is formed between the frame and the roof finishing material according to the form of the base material as shown in FIG. In some cases, the gap is not substantially formed as shown in FIG.

  If the opening 7 can be opened and closed, ventilation through the opening 7 is ensured simultaneously with daylighting. Depending on the area or the lengthwise direction of the rooftop 2, sunlight may be taken in from the opening 7 facing the opening 7 from which sunlight is directly taken, but the sunlight is not directly plugged in. Since natural light is also introduced from the portion 7, the opening 7 also performs the daylighting function.

  In the opening 7 into which sunlight is directly taken, assuming that the angle formed between the direction of incidence of sunlight on the opening 7 and the horizontal line is the incident angle, it is assumed as shown in FIG. Sunlight rays incident at the maximum incident angle α are positioned at the upper end portion of the opening 7 on the line passing through the lower end portion of the upper chord member 31 of the truss beam 3, and the minimum incident angle β assumed as shown in FIG. If the lower end portion of the opening 7 is positioned on the line through which the sunlight rays incident at the upper end of the lower chord member 32 of the truss beam 3 pass (Claim 2), the maximum incident amount through the opening 7 is ensured. Is possible. The upper end and the lower end of the opening 7 refer to the lower end of the upper frame 71a and the upper end of the lower frame 71b of the opening frame 71 accommodated in the opening 7, respectively.

  When the lower end portion of the opening 7 is positioned on the line where the sunlight rays incident at the incident angle β pass through the upper end portion of the lower chord member 32, the amount of snow assumed on the lower surface side finishing material 12 is the lower end of the opening portion 7. If it is below the level of a part, it is possible to ensure the lighting from the opening part 7 without being influenced by the snow accumulation on the lower surface side finishing material 12.

  As described above, the openings 7 are formed in the side surface side finishing material 6 that is located on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop 2 and is laid on the outdoor side of the truss beam 3 that forms a “surface inclined with respect to the horizontal plane”. Even when there is snowfall on the roof frame 1 and there is snow on the upper surface side finishing material 8 and the lower surface side finishing material 12, the snow is directly accumulated on the side surface finishing material 6, and the opening 7 becomes snowy. The situation of being blocked is avoided. Since the snow cover on the lower surface side finishing material 12 advances from the lower end portion toward the upper end portion of the opening portion 7, the snow cover amount from the lower surface side finishing material 12 does not reach the upper end portion of the opening portion 7. Even when part of the section closer to the lower side of the portion 7 is blocked by snow, the entire opening 7 is not completely blocked, so that lighting is ensured even during snow.

  A lower surface side finishing material 12 as a roof finishing material is laid on the lower connecting material 10 constituting the lower surface portion 9 located on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop 2 (Claim 3). When snow falls, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, snow is accumulated on the lower surface side finishing material 12, and when the lower end of the opening 7 is at the level of the lower surface side finishing material 12, In order to reduce the amount of light collected, it is appropriate that the lower end of the opening 7 is positioned above the level of the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the upper end of the opening 7 is positioned closer to the upper chord 31 of the truss beam 3. .

  When the lower end portion of the opening 7 is located above the lower surface side finishing material 12, as shown in FIG. 1, the side surface side finishing material 6 is formed from the intersection of one side in the width direction of the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the side surface side finishing material 6. The rising wall 61 is formed, and the rising wall 61 is formed in a section to the lower end of the opening 7 (Claim 3). The rising wall 61 is a part of the side surface finishing material 6, and rises continuously from the lower surface side finishing material 12 to ensure water tightness between the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the side surface finishing material 6, and snowfall. It works to prevent water from entering the indoors.

  In this case, if the maximum snow cover amount assumed on the lower surface side finishing material 12 is equal to or less than the height of the rising wall 61, even a part of the total height of the opening portion 7 is not blocked by the snow cover. Daylighting is always secured. Further, since the snow cover does not reach the opening 7, the opening / closing of the window when the window that can be opened / closed in the opening 7 is not obstructed, and the lower frame 71 b and the side of the opening frame 71 are not disturbed. Intrusion of water due to snow accumulation from the joint between the frame 71c and the side surface side finishing material 6 is also avoided.

  Daylighting indoors through the rooftop 2 can also be secured by utilizing sunlight reflection. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the reflector 13 is used in at least a part of the surface of the lower surface finishing material 12 and at least a part of the rear surface of the upper surface finishing material 8 laid on the upper connecting material 4. By doing so, the indirect lighting of the direct light from the opening part 7 of the side surface side finishing material 6 and the reflected light reflected from the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the upper surface side finishing material 8 can be obtained. It becomes possible. “Using the reflecting plate 13” means that the reflecting plate 13 is incorporated in at least a part of the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the upper surface side finishing material 8, and that the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the upper surface side finishing material 8 are partially included. This includes the case where the reflector 13 is added by bonding or adhesion. As the reflecting plate 13, a synthetic resin plate such as a mirror, glass, or acrylic is used, but the material and shape of the reflecting plate 13 are not limited as long as sunlight can be reflected.

  “At least a part of the section” means that the sunlight reflected by the reflector 13 in the lower surface side finishing material 12 passes between the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the opening 7 as shown by a broken line in FIG. It means that the reflecting plate 13 may be disposed on the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the upper surface side finishing material 8 within the range reaching the back surface of the side finishing material 8. In the lower surface side finishing material 12, the reflecting plate 13 does not necessarily have to be arranged from the intersection with the side surface side finishing material 6, and in the upper surface side finishing material 8, the reflecting plate 13 is not necessarily from the intersection with the side surface side finishing material 6. Need not be placed. The range in which the sunlight reflected by the reflector 13 in the lower surface side finishing material 12 passes between the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the opening 7 and reaches the back surface of the upper surface side finishing material 8 is the range of sunlight. It varies according to the incident angle (region and time zone).

  The range in which the reflecting plate 13 is to be arranged is a partial section near the rooftop 2 in the entire width of the lower surface portion 9, but according to the formation range of the opening portion 7 in the height direction in the side surface side finishing material 6, When arranged from the intersection with the side surface side finishing material 6 to the middle of the lower surface portion 9 in the width direction, and from a position spaced from the intersection with the side surface side finishing material 6 as shown in FIG. In some cases, the lower surface portion 9 is disposed closer to the middle portion in the width direction.

  The reflecting plate 13 on the lower surface side finishing material 12 may be disposed at least in a part of the section such as near the rooftop 2, so that the reflecting plate 13 on the back surface of the upper surface side finishing material 8 is also the reflecting plate on the lower surface side finishing material 12. Thus, it is sufficient that the reflected light reflected by the light beam 13 is within a range. Specifically, within the range from the location where the reflected light passing through the lower end of the opening 7 hits to the location where the reflected light hitting the upper end of the opening 7 or the lower chord 31 of the truss beam 3 hits It is sufficient that the reflector 13 of the upper surface side finishing material 8 is disposed.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the sunlight directly inserted into the indoor from the opening 7 and the reflected light that reflects the two reflectors 13 and 13 and is indirectly inserted into the indoor can be used as indoor illumination, As a result, the number of artificial lights can be reduced, and the cost required for artificial lighting can be reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 4, indirect taking-in of sunlight into the indoor as a reflected light, a convex ceiling material 14 is installed between adjacent truss beams 3 and 3 below the upper connecting material 4, This can also be achieved by using the reflector 13 in at least a part of the lower surface of the ceiling material 14 (Claim 5). The convex shape formed by the ceiling member 14 is not limited, and may be a polygonal shape or a curved shape. The ceiling member 14 is installed between the upper chord members 31 and 31 of adjacent truss beams 3 and 3 or between the bundle members 34 and 34.

  In this case, the sunlight incident from the opening 7 of the side surface side finishing material 6 is reflected by the reflecting plate 13 of the ceiling material 14 and indirectly inserted indoors, so that the incident angle is large as shown by a broken line in FIG. Depending on the situation, it is possible to capture sunlight in two ways: directly capturing sunlight and capturing it as indirect reflected light. That is, it is possible to capture sunlight as indirect reflected light during a time zone with a small incident angle, and directly capture sunlight during a time zone with a large incident angle. It takes a long time to take sunlight into the room indoors, and the sunlight can be used as illumination for a long time. Sunlight is directly inserted indoors when the ceiling material 14 is parallel to the lower surface of the ceiling material 14 when the ceiling material 14 is flat and when the incident light is incident at a larger incident angle.

  Also in this case, the reflecting plate 13 should just be arrange | positioned in the range of the ceiling material 14 which the sunlight which injects from the opening part 7 hits. Specifically, the reflector 13 is disposed in a range from a location where sunlight passing through the upper end of the opening 7 hits the ceiling material 14 to a location where sunlight passing through the lower end of the opening 7 hits the ceiling material 14. It only has to be done.

  In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, when the incident angle is small and sunlight passing through the opening 7 reaches the opposite truss beam 3 and does not reach the indoor floor surface, sunlight is emitted. Since it can be taken indoors as reflected light and reach the floor surface, it is effective for daylighting in a region with a small incident angle or in a time zone.

  According to the fifth aspect, since the ceiling member 14 is provided so as to protrude downward between the upper chord members 31, 31 of the adjacent truss beams 3, 3, the upper connecting member 4 and the ceiling member 14 that connect both the truss beams 3, 3. Since a space is formed in between, the space can be used for the purpose of inspection, maintenance, and the like of the rooftop 2, the side surface side finishing material 6, the opening 7 and the like. Specifically, the ceiling member 14 is installed on the ceiling member 14 between the upper chord members 31 and 31 so that the diagonal members 15 and 15 constituting the truss together with the upper connecting member 4 are installed in pairs (claims). 6) As shown in FIG. 4, the diagonal members 15, 15 can be supported with a passage 16 for inspection.

  In this case, the diagonal members 15, 15 are installed between the opposing upper chord members 31, 31 in pairs in the opposing direction of the truss beams 3, 3, and are connected (joined) to each other at one end, The upper truss member 31 and the upper connecting member 4 are joined (pin joined) to form an in-plane truss including the upper connecting member 4 and the upper connecting member 4. Since the diagonal members 15 and 15 constitute a truss, as shown in FIG. 4, the diagonal member 15 can support the passage 16, and the truss beams 3 and 3 on both sides can bear the load of the passage 16. By arranging the passage 16 on the indoor side of the rooftop 2, in addition to inspection and maintenance in the rooftop 2, the opening and closing work when the opening 7 is a window that can be opened and closed can be performed in units of the opening 7. Is possible.

  There is snow on the roof frame by forming openings in the side-side finishing material laid on the outdoor side of the truss beam that is located on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop and forms a `` surface inclined with respect to the horizontal plane '' Even if there is snow on the top surface finishing material on the roof and the bottom surface finishing material on both sides in the width direction of the roof, it accumulates snow directly on the side surface finishing material, and the opening is blocked by the snow. The situation can be avoided. Also, unless the amount of snow accumulation from the lower surface side finishing material reaches the upper end of the opening, the opening is not completely covered with snow, so that it is possible to ensure daylighting even during snow accumulation.

It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the length direction of the rooftop which showed the mode of the lighting through the opening part formed in the side surface side finishing material of the width direction both sides of a rooftop. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the state of daylighting when sunlight incident on the opening at the maximum incident angle passes through the upper end of the opening and the lower end of the upper chord, and (b) is the minimum in the opening. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the mode of the lighting when the sunlight ray which injects with the incident angle of (1) passes through the lower end part of an opening part, and the upper end part of a lower chord material. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the mode of incident reflected light at the time of using a reflecting plate for the surface of a lower surface side finishing material, and the back surface of an upper surface side finishing material. A projecting ceiling material is installed between the upper chords of adjacent truss beams, a reflector is used on the lower surface of the ceiling material, an oblique material is installed on the ceiling material, and a passage is supported by the oblique material. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the mode of incidence | injection of sunlight and reflected light at the time of making it do. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the detailed example of FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the lower roof part of the crossing roof and its width direction both sides. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed a mode that the crossing roof was seen to the width direction, and is the xx sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the construction example of the roof frame in case a crossing roof and a lower surface part are arranged in the width direction by turns. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the example of formation of the opening part in the case of ensuring the lighting from the conventional roof surface.

  FIG. 1 is supported by pillars 20 arranged in two horizontal directions, and an upper roof 2 having a convex box-shaped cross section that is continuous in the other direction is formed in at least a part of any one direction. In the roof frame 1 in which the side surface finishing materials 6 and 6 are laid on the outdoor side of both side surfaces in the width direction 2, an opening 7 for taking sunlight into the indoor side is formed in at least a part of the side surface finishing material 6. An example of the structure of the daylighting structure is shown. As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of the rooftops 2 may be arranged at intervals in the width direction of the rooftop 2, and in this case, the bottom surface portion 9 and the rooftop 2 located on both sides of the rooftop 2 in the width direction are arranged. Arrange alternately. Although FIG. 8 shows a state in which the columns 20 are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the rooftop 2, the columns 20 are also arranged at intervals in the length direction of the rooftop 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the rooftop 2 is parallel to the width direction of the truss beams 3 and 3 of the plane truss arranged in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, and both truss beams 3 and 3. An upper connecting member 4 is provided between the upper portions and connects the truss beams 3 and 3 together. The truss beam 3 has an upper chord member 31, a lower chord member 32, and a lattice member 33 laid between the two chord members 31, 32. Between the two chord members 31, 32, an upper connecting member 4 or an oblique member 15 described later. There is a case where a bundle 34 for receiving the cable is installed. The upper connecting member 4 is installed between the upper chord members 31 and 31 of the truss beams 3 and 3 or between the bundle members 34 and 34, and in the region surrounded by the upper chord members 31 and 31 and the upper connecting members 4 and 4. As shown in FIG. 6, a horizontal brace 5 may be installed.

  Since the opening portion 7 for lighting is formed in at least a part of the side surface side finishing material 6 laid on the outdoor side of the truss beam 3, the opening portion 7 accumulates snow in the direction outside the surface of the truss beam 3. In order not to be blocked, it is reasonable to arrange the truss beams 3 so as to form a vertical plane as shown in the figure. However, since the truss beam 3 will not be affected by snowfall if there is no snow in the direction of the construction surface, including the case of adhesion, the construction surface of the truss beam 3 tilts to about 45 degrees with respect to the vertical plane. Sometimes it is.

  An upper surface side finishing material 8 is laid on the upper connecting material 4 which is a framework of the upper surface portion 21 of the rooftop 3, and a lower surface side finishing material 12 is formed on the lower surface portions 9 located on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop 3. Laid. The intersecting portion of the upper surface side finishing material 8 and the side surface side finishing material 6 and the intersecting portion of the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the side surface side finishing material 6 are continuous.

  When the lower end portion of the opening 7 is located above the level of the lower surface side finishing material 12, as shown in FIG. 1, the width side one side of the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the side surface side finishing material 6 intersect with the side surface side. A rising wall 61 as the finishing material 6 is continuously formed on the lower surface side finishing material 12. The rising wall 61 is formed in a section to the lower end of the opening 7 (the opening 7 is a section to the upper end of the rising wall 61). When the rising wall 61 is formed under the opening 7, the height of the rising wall 61 from the upper surface of the lower surface side finishing material 12 is prevented so that the opening 7 is not blocked by snow on the lower surface side finishing material 12. Is given a size greater than the expected amount of snow (snow height). In order to prevent the opening 7 from being blocked by snow accumulation, for example, when an openable / closable window is stored in the opening 7, the opening / closing of the window can be performed even if there is snow on the lower surface finishing material 12. It makes sense to prevent the functionality from being impaired.

  The opening 7 mainly stores a window for preventing daylighting and rainwater from entering, but when the opening 7 is also provided with a function of ventilation, a window that can be opened and closed is stored. If only the function of lighting and prevention of rainwater intrusion is sufficient, the window for fitting is stored. In any of the windows, an opening frame 71 including an upper frame 71a, a lower frame 71b, and a horizontal frame 71c is accommodated in the inner periphery of the opening 7. It is not always necessary to house the window if the opening 7 is open.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which sunlight from the opening 7 is incident indoors during snowfall. Here, sunlight passing through a section from the lower end portion of the upper frame 71 a that is the upper end portion of the opening 7 to the upper end portion of the lower frame 71 b that is the lower end portion of the opening 7 in the height direction is the upper chord of the truss beam 3. It is taken indoors through an opening between the material 31 and the lower chord material 32 and is directly or indirectly inserted into the floor surface. In FIG. 1, depending on the time of day, the right opening 7 located on the side facing the left opening 7 that is collecting sunlight may be replaced by the opening 7 that is collecting sunlight and the sunlight may be inserted. However, natural light during the day is taken indoors from the opening 7 that is not taking sunlight, regardless of the weather.

  Here, in order to effectively use the opening of the truss beam 3 for daylighting, as shown in FIG. 2- (a), sunlight at the maximum incident angle α passes through the lower end of the upper frame 71a. It is reasonable to arrange the upper frame 71a on a line passing through the lower end portion of the upper chord material 31. Similarly, as shown in (b), it is reasonable to arrange the lower frame 71b on a line through which sunlight when the minimum incident angle β passes through the upper end of the lower frame 71b and pass through the upper end of the lower chord member 32. Is.

  In FIG. 3, the reflector 13 is used in at least a part of the surface of the lower surface side finishing material 12 and at least a part of the back surface of the upper surface side finishing material 8 laid on the upper connecting material 4. The state of the lighting in the case of taking in the reflected light which reflected 13 indoors is shown. “At least a part of the lower surface side finishing material 12” is a range in which the reflected light reflected from the surface of the lower surface side finishing material 12 (reflecting plate 13) passes through the inner peripheral side of the opening 7 (opening frame 71). "At least a part of the upper surface side finishing material 8" is a range in which the reflected light that has passed through the inner peripheral side of the opening 7 (opening frame 71) reaches the back surface (reflecting plate 13) of the upper surface side finishing material 8. is there.

  In the example of FIG. 3, sunlight that passes through the inner peripheral side of the opening 7 (opening frame 71) of the side surface side finishing material 6 and directly enters the indoor side, the reflector 13 of the lower surface side finishing material 12, and the upper surface side finishing material. The reflected light that is reflected by the reflector 8 and indirectly inserted into the indoor space can be used simultaneously as indoor lighting, so that there is an advantage that the illuminance in the time zone in which the direct light and the indirect light are simultaneously inserted indoors increases.

  In FIG. 3, when it is possible to capture reflected light from the openings 7, 7 on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop 2, the reflecting plate 13 includes the lower surface side finishing material 12 located on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop 2. It is also used for a part of the upper surface side finishing material 8. However, in that case, the section of the lower surface side finishing material 12 and the upper surface side finishing material 8 in which the reflecting plate 13 is used is not necessarily symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane passing through the center in the width direction of the rooftop 2.

  FIG. 4 shows a lower projecting ceiling member 14 between the upper chord members 31, 31 of the adjacent truss beams 3, 3 below the upper connecting member 4, and at least a section of the lower surface of the ceiling member 14. The state of the lighting when the reflecting plate 13 is used and the reflected light reflected by the reflecting plate 13 is taken indoors is shown. The ceiling material 14 is mainly formed on a flat surface in the range where the sunlight hits, but it is not always necessary, and the entire ceiling material 14 may be formed in a curved shape. The ceiling members 14 and 14 are laid between the truss beams 3 and 3 in a pair in the width direction of the rooftop 2 and joined to any part of the truss beam 3 such as the upper chord members 31 and 31 at one end. They are joined or connected to each other at the ends.

  As shown by a broken line in FIG. 4, sunlight incident at a small incident angle is reflected on the reflecting plate 13 of the ceiling material 14, and is inserted into the indoor floor surface side at a different angle. Sunlight incident at an incident angle larger than the incident angle reflected on the reflecting plate 13 is directly inserted into the indoor space, so that sunlight from the incident angle reflected on the reflecting plate 13 to the range of incident angles not reflected is taken indoors. become.

  FIG. 4 also shows an oblique member constituting a truss having a construction surface facing the width direction of the rooftop 2 together with the upper connecting member 4 between the upper chord members 31 and 31 of the adjacent truss beams 3 and 3 on the ceiling member 14. 15 and 15 are installed as a pair, and the diagonal members 15 and 15 are used to support the work passage 16 for inspecting the indoor side of the rooftop 2 and the like. The pair of diagonal members 15, 15 is connected (pin-joined) to the upper chord member 31 to which the upper joint member 4 is connected (pin-joined) at the end in the longitudinal direction of the upper joint member 4 at one end. Are connected to each other at the other end. Since both end portions of the upper connecting member 4 are connected to the upper chord members 31, 31 of the truss beams 3, 3, one end portion of the diagonal member 15 is connected to the upper connecting member 4 or the upper chord member 31. Become a shape.

  The passage 16 is laid on the intersecting portion of the diagonal members 15, 15 to be paired, and is equally supported by the diagonal members 15, 15. The weight of the passage 16 and the load on the passage 16 are transmitted to the upper connecting member 4 through the two diagonal members 15 and 15 and are borne by the truss beams 3 and 3.

  FIG. 5 shows a detailed example of FIG. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower tie material paired vertically with the upper tie material 4 between the lower tie materials 10, 10 constituting the framework of the lower surface portions 9, 9 located on both sides in the width direction of the rooftop 2. 41 is constructed, and the lower connecting members 10 and 10 are continued through the interior of the rooftop 2 to ensure the continuity of the lower surface portions 9 and 9 and to increase the in-plane rigidity of the lower surface portions 9 and 9. In this case, the lower connecting material 41 ensures the rigidity in the width direction of the upper roof 2 by pairing the lower connecting material 41 with the upper connecting material 4 which is the basic framework of the upper surface portion 21 of the upper roof 2 in the vertical direction. However, integrity with the lower surface portions 9 and 9 is also ensured.

  In an area surrounded by the lower chord member 32 of the truss beam 3 on the lower surface portion 9, the horizontal member facing the lower chord member 32 in parallel with the lower chord member 32, and the lower connecting members 10, 10, FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a horizontal brace 11 may be installed. The horizontal brace 11 may also be installed in a region surrounded by the lower chord members 32 and 32 and the lower connecting members 41 and 41 of the opposed truss beams 3 and 3 in the rooftop 2.

  In FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper end portion of each diagonal member 15 is pin-bonded to, for example, a gusset plate 35 arranged at the joint portion of the upper chord member 31 and the upper connecting member 4 of each truss beam 3, and the lower end portion is Pins are joined to a gusset plate 17 disposed between the diagonal members 15 and 15. For example, the ceiling member 14 is supported by the diagonal member 15 by being joined to the lower flange of the diagonal member 15, but in FIG. 5, the lower connecting member 41 paired with the upper connecting member 4 is interposed between the lower connecting members 10 and 10. Since it is installed, the ceiling member 14 can be supported by the lower connecting member 41. In that case, the gusset plate 17 is also joined to the lower connecting member 41.

  6 shows a state where the rooftop 2 shown in FIG. 5 is looked up, and FIG. 7 shows a state where the inside of the rooftop 2 is viewed in the width direction. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the roof frame 1 in which the rooftop 2 and the lower surface portion 9 are alternately arranged in the width direction is viewed in the length direction of the rooftop 2.

1 ... roof frame, 20 ... pillar,
2 ... rooftop, 21 ... top surface,
3 ... Truss beam, 31 ... Upper chord material, 32 ... Lower chord material, 33 ... Lattice material, 34 ... Bundle material, 35 ... Gusset plate,
4 …… Upper tether, 41 …… Lower tether,
5 ... Horizontal brace,
6 …… Surface finish, 61 …… Rising wall,
7: Opening portion, 71: Opening frame, 71a: Upper frame, 71b: Lower frame, 71c: Horizontal frame,
8: Finishing material on the upper surface side
9 …… Lower surface part, 12 …… Lower surface side finishing material,
13 ... reflector, 14 ... ceiling material, 15 ... diagonal material, 16 ... passage,
17 …… Gusset plate.

Claims (6)

Supported by pillars arranged in two horizontal directions, an upper roof with a convex box-shaped cross section that is continuous in the other direction is formed in at least a part of any one direction. In the roof frame where the side finishing material is laid on the outdoor side of both sides,
The crossing roof is arranged in parallel with the width direction thereof, and is arranged in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, and an upper chord member, a lower chord member, and a truss beam of a plane truss having a lattice member constructed between both chord members, And an upper connecting member that spans between the truss beams and connects the truss beams, and an opening for taking sunlight into the indoor side of the truss beam is formed in at least a part of the side surface finishing material. Daylighting structure in the roof frame characterized by that.   The upper end portion of the opening is on a line through which the sunlight rays incident at the maximum assumed incident angle pass through the lower end portion of the upper chord member of the truss beam, and the lower end portion of the opening is the assumed minimum incident angle. The daylighting structure in the roof frame according to claim 1, wherein the sunlight rays incident on are on a line passing through an upper end portion of the lower chord member of the truss beam.   Rise as the side surface side finishing material from the intersection of the width direction one side of the lower surface side finishing material and the side surface side finishing material laid on the lower surface part located on both sides of the roof roof in the width direction of the roof frame The daylighting structure in the roof frame according to claim 1, wherein a wall is formed, and the rising wall is formed in a section to a lower end portion of the opening.   A reflector is used in at least a part of the surface of the lower surface side finishing material and at least a part of the back surface of the upper surface side finishing material laid on the upper connecting material. The lighting structure in the roof frame in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3.   2. A projecting ceiling material is erected between adjacent truss beams below the upper connecting material, and a reflector is used in at least a part of the lower surface of the ceiling material. The lighting structure in the roof frame in any one of Claims 4 thru | or 4. 6. The diagonal material which comprises a truss with the said upper connecting material between the said upper chord materials of the said adjacent truss beam on the said ceiling material is constructed in pairs. The lighting structure in the roof frame in any one of.

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