JP2015097780A - Ablation system and ablation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ablation system capable of suppressing a thermal injury to a luminal membrane.SOLUTION: An ablation system 10 includes: an ablation device 11 provided with a balloon 21 on the tip end of a shaft 22, an in-side tube 27 for conveying a fluid into the balloon 21 and positioned along the shaft 22, an internal space of the shaft 22 for discharging the fluid from the balloon 21 and positioned along the shaft 22, an optical fiber 29 for guiding a laser beam into the balloon 21 and positioned along the shaft 22; laser-beam generation means 12 for irradiating the optical fiber 29 with the laser beam; and fluid circulation means 13 for circulating the fluid in the internal space of the balloon 21. Therein, the ablation device 11 has a reflecting material 33 for reflecting the laser beam emitted by the optical fiber 29 in the balloon 21, and the reflecting material 33 is capable of moving inside the balloon 21 along the axial direction 191, and also capable of rotating with the axis thereof being the axial direction 101.

Description

  The present invention relates to an ablation system and an ablation device that perform ablation on tissue around a lumen of a living body.

  It is known that when nerves existing in the adventitia of the renal arteries are cauterized, blood pressure is lowered for a long time, and application to the treatment of hypertension is expected. Such a technique of cauterizing nerves in the renal arteries is called renal artery sympathetic nerve ablation or renal denavigation. As one of renal artery sympathetic nerve ablation, a balloon catheter with electrodes is inserted into the left and right renal arteries, the electrodes are heated and heated from the lumen side of the renal arteries, and the heat is transferred to the adventitia of the renal arteries. There is a technique to reach and cauterize nerves.

  However, when the heat of about 60-70 ° C. necessary for cauterizing the nerves reaches the outer membrane from the lumen side of the renal artery, side effects such as edema and thrombus are frequently caused by the heat applied to the inner membrane. There is concern about the problem of In addition, several minutes are required to reach the necessary heat from the lumen side to the outer membrane, and during that time, the patient may be given heat and pain.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the pulse laser is guided to the renal artery using a catheter, and the pulse laser is focused on the outer membrane of the renal artery by a condensing lens, thereby generating multiphoton absorption at the focal position. An apparatus for ablating the outer membrane at a position has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

International Publication No. 2013/017261

  However, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the structure of the catheter becomes complicated because a condensing lens or the like is disposed in the catheter. In addition, since the focal position of the pulse laser depends on the thickness of the blood vessel wall and the position of the catheter in the blood vessel, there is a problem that it is difficult to accurately position the focal position of the pulse laser at a desired position. For example, there are individual differences in the thickness of the blood vessel wall, so it is necessary to measure the thickness of the blood vessel wall of the individual to be ablated in advance and adjust the focal position of the condenser lens to the thickness of the blood vessel wall. If the catheter is positioned out of the center of the blood vessel, there may be a problem that the focal position of the pulse laser is not uniform in the thickness direction of the blood vessel wall in the circumferential direction of the blood vessel.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to heat a deep tissue around the lumen of a living body and suppress thermal damage to the lumen lumen. It is to provide an ablation system or an ablation device capable of performing the above.

  In the ablation system according to the present invention, a balloon that is elastically inflatable is provided on the distal end side of the shaft, a first lumen for allowing fluid to flow into the balloon, and a second for allowing fluid to flow out from the balloon. An ablation device in which a lumen and a light guide material for guiding laser light into the balloon are provided along the shaft, laser light generating means for irradiating the light guide material with laser light, the first lumen and the first lumen Fluid return means for returning fluid to the internal space of the balloon through two lumens. The ablation device includes a reflective material that reflects laser light emitted from the light guide material in the balloon in a second direction intersecting a first direction in which the light guide material is extended, and at least The reflective material can move in the balloon along the first direction, and can rotate about the first direction as an axis.

  In the ablation device inserted into the body lumen, the balloon is inflated at a desired position, and the fluid is returned to the internal space of the balloon through the first lumen and the second lumen by the fluid return means. The laser light emitted from the laser light generating means is guided into the balloon by the light guide material and reflected in the second direction by the reflective material. Thereby, the laser beam is irradiated to the tissue around the lumen. While the reflecting material is moved in the balloon along the first direction and rotated about the first direction as an axis, the tissue around the lumen is uniformly irradiated with laser light. The balloon is in contact with the inner surface of the lumen, and the heating of the inner surface by the laser light is suppressed by being cooled by the fluid circulating in the balloon.

  The reflective material is integrally provided on the distal end side of the light guide material, and the light guide material is movable along the first direction with respect to the shaft, and the first direction is It may be rotatable as an axis.

  Thereby, an ablation device is realizable with a simple structure. Further, by manipulating the light guide material on the proximal end side of the shaft, the reflective material is rotated around the first direction while being moved in the balloon along the first direction.

The present invention provides a shaft, a balloon that is provided on the distal end side of the shaft and is elastically inflatable, a first lumen that is provided along the shaft, and that allows fluid to flow into the balloon, A second lumen for flowing fluid out of the balloon, a light guide material provided along the shaft for guiding laser light into the balloon, and the balloon A reflecting material that reflects the laser light emitted from the light guide material in a second direction intersecting the first direction in which the light guide material is extended, and
At least the reflector may be regarded as an ablation device that can move in the balloon along the first direction and can rotate about the first direction as an axis.

  An ablation device according to the present invention includes a main shaft having a fluid lumen through which a fluid flows, a balloon that is provided at a distal end side of the main shaft and is inflatable by the fluid flowing through the fluid lumen, and a guide wire. A sub-shaft having a possible wire lumen, inserted into the main shaft and extending into the balloon, and a light guide material provided along the sub-shaft to guide laser light into the balloon And a reflecting material that reflects laser light emitted from the light guide material in the balloon in a direction crossing the axial direction. The sub shaft is movable in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft, and is rotatable around the axial direction. The light guide material and the reflective material are movable and rotatable along with the sub shaft.

  The guide wire inserted into the lumen of the living body is inserted through the wire lumen of the ablation device, and the main shaft is inserted along the guide wire to a desired position in the lumen. At the desired location, fluid is flowed into the balloon and inflated. The fluid flowing into the balloon is appropriately refluxed. The laser light applied to the light guide material is guided into the balloon and reflected by the reflective material in a direction intersecting the axial direction. Thereby, the laser beam is irradiated to the tissue around the lumen. As the subshaft is moved in the balloon along the axial direction and rotated around the axial direction, the light guide material and the reflective material move and rotate along the outer periphery of the subshaft, and around the lumen. The tissue is uniformly irradiated with laser light. At this time, even if the guide wire is inserted through the wire lumen of the sub shaft, the laser light is not blocked by the guide wire. The balloon is in contact with the inner surface of the lumen, and the heating of the inner surface by the laser beam is cooled by the fluid circulating in the balloon.

  The reflective material may be provided integrally on the leading end side of the light guide material.

  Thereby, an ablation device is realizable with a simple structure.

  The sub-shaft may be inserted through the fluid lumen.

  Thereby, the reflective material is cooled by the fluid flowing through the fluid lumen.

  A connector having a port through which a fluid flows is connected to the base end side of the main shaft, the port is connected to the fluid lumen so as to be able to flow the fluid, and the sub shaft and the light guide material are The connector may be rotatable around the axial direction.

  Thereby, operation of a subshaft, a light guide material, and a reflective material becomes easy on the connector side.

  The present invention provides an ablation system comprising the ablation device, a laser light generating means for irradiating the light guide material with laser light, and a fluid return means for returning fluid to the internal space of the balloon through the fluid lumen. May be caught.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while heating with respect to the structure | tissue of the deep part around the lumen | bore of a biological body, the thermal damage to a lumen inner membrane can be suppressed.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an ablation system 10 including an ablation device 11 in a state where a balloon 21 is in a contracted posture. FIG. 2 is a partial cross section of the ablation device 11. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the ablation device 11 in the state where the renal artery 40 is ablated. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ablation device 61 near the balloon 71. FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the vicinity of the connector portion 73 of the ablation device 61.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. In addition, this embodiment is only one embodiment of this invention, and it cannot be overemphasized that an embodiment can be changed in the range which does not change the summary of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
[Ablation system 10]
As shown in FIG. 1, the ablation system 10 includes an ablation device 11, a laser light generation unit 12, a fluid reflux unit 13, a drive mechanism 14, and a control unit 15.

[Ablation device 11]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ablation device 11 has a shaft 22 provided with a balloon 21 on the distal end side. The shaft 22 is a member that is long in the axial direction 101. The shaft 22 is a tubular body that can be elastically bent so as to be bent with respect to the axial direction 101. The direction in which the shaft 22 in the uncurved state extends is referred to as the axial direction 101 in this specification. The axial direction 101 corresponds to the first direction.

  An in-side tube 27 and an optical fiber 29 are inserted through the shaft 22. The outer diameter and inner diameter of the shaft 22 are not necessarily constant with respect to the axial direction 101, but from the viewpoint of operability, it is preferable that the rigidity on the base end side is higher than the tip end side. The shaft 22 can be made of a known material used for a balloon catheter, such as synthetic resin or stainless steel, and is not necessarily composed of only one type of material, and a plurality of parts made of other materials are assembled. It may be configured.

  In the present embodiment, the proximal end side refers to the rear side (right side in FIG. 1) with respect to the direction in which the ablation device 11 is inserted into the blood vessel. The distal end side refers to the front side (left side in FIG. 1) with respect to the direction in which the ablation device 11 is inserted into the blood vessel.

  A balloon 21 is provided on the distal end side of the shaft 22. The balloon 21 expands elastically when fluid (liquid, gas) flows into the internal space and contracts when fluid flows out of the internal space. 1 and 2, the balloon 21 in a deflated state is shown. The internal space of the balloon 21 is in communication with the internal space of the shaft 22 and the internal space of the in-side tube 27. When fluid flows into the inner space of the balloon 21 through the in-side tube 27, the balloon 21 expands in a radial direction orthogonal to the axial direction 101 so that the center of the axial direction 101 becomes the maximum diameter. While a fluid having a flow rate sufficient to maintain the pressure of the fluid that maintains the inflation of the balloon 21 flows into the balloon 21, the fluid flows out from the balloon 21 through the internal space of the shaft 22, whereby the fluid is recirculated in the balloon 21. The As the material of the balloon 21 and the method for fixing the balloon 21 and the shaft 22, known materials and methods used in balloon catheters can be used. The internal space of the in-side tube 27 corresponds to the first lumen, and the internal space of the shaft 22 corresponds to the second lumen.

  An out port 28 is provided on the proximal end side of the shaft 22. The out port 28 is continuous with the internal space of the shaft 22. The fluid recirculated to the balloon 21 flows out from the out port 28 through the internal space of the shaft 22.

  A hub 23 is provided at the proximal end of the shaft 22. An optical fiber 29 is inserted through the hub 23. The hub 23 is provided with an in-port 26 separately from the insertion port of the optical fiber 29. The in port 26 is continuous with the internal space of the in side tube 27. Through the inner space of the in-side tube 27, the fluid recirculated to the balloon 21 flows from the in-port 26.

  A guide wire tube 24 is provided outside the shaft 22. The guide wire tube 24 is sufficiently shorter than the length of the shaft 22 in the axial direction 101. The guide wire tube 24 is not necessarily provided outside the shaft 22. For example, instead of the rapid exchange type as in the present embodiment, the guide wire tube 24 may be inserted into the inner space of the shaft 22 if a monorail type is adopted.

  The in-side tube 27 inserted into the shaft 22 has a distal end side reaching the internal space of the balloon 21 and a proximal end side connected to the in-port 26. The distal end of the in-side tube 27 is connected to the distal tip 25 provided on the distal end side of the balloon 21. In the vicinity of the tip 25 of the in-side tube 27, openings 30 and 31 that penetrate the peripheral wall of the in-side tube 27 are provided. The openings 30 and 31 are for fluid flowing through the inner space of the in-side tube 27 to flow into the balloon 21, and are arranged at different positions with respect to the circumferential direction of the axial direction 101.

  The tip 25 is provided with a marker made of a contrast medium. Examples of the contrast agent include barium sulfate, bismuth oxide, and bismuth subcarbonate.

  The optical fiber 29 is inserted from the hub 23 into the inside tube 27 and extends to the inside of the balloon 21. The optical fiber 29 propagates the laser light generated by the laser light generation means 12 and applied to the proximal end of the optical fiber 29 to the distal end side. As the optical fiber 29, an optical fiber having a refractive index that totally reflects at the wavelength of the laser light is appropriately adopted. Specific examples include a single mode fiber, a polarization maintaining fiber, a multimode fiber, and a bundle fiber for image transmission. . The optical fiber 29 corresponds to a light guide material.

  The distal end surface 32 of the optical fiber 29 is a flat surface that is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the axial direction 101. A reflective material 33 is laminated on the distal end surface 32. A material that totally reflects the laser beam propagating through the optical fiber 29 is used as the reflecting material 33. As the material of the reflector 33, quartz glass or the like is employed, but the material is not particularly limited.

  The optical fiber 29 and the reflecting material 33 can rotate around the axial direction 101 as a unit with respect to the in-side tube 27 and can slide in the axial direction 101. The rotation and sliding of the optical fiber 29 and the reflector 33 are controlled by directly or indirectly operating the proximal end side of the optical fiber 29 extended from the hub 23. Specifically, the optical fiber 29 is rotated and slid by applying a driving force from the driving mechanism 14 to the proximal end side of the optical fiber 29.

  Although not shown in each drawing, a temperature sensor may be provided on the outer wall of the in-side tube 27 in the balloon 21. As the temperature sensor, a known sensor such as a thermocouple can be used as long as it can be installed inside the balloon 21. The temperature of the fluid in the balloon 21 can be monitored by guiding the cable extended from the temperature sensor to the outside. Further, a third lumen may be provided on the shaft 22 and an imaging member such as an endoscope, IVUS, or OCT may be inserted.

  As the laser light generating means 12, a known laser light generating device can be used. The laser light generation means 12 is, for example, one in which light from an excitation source is given to a laser medium, and is oscillated and output by reflection of an optical resonator. The laser light output from the laser light generating means 12 is preferably a continuous wave, and the wavelength of the laser light is preferably in the range of 400 to 2000 nm. In particular, when the wavelength of the laser beam is in the range of 800 to 1500 nm (915 nm, 980 nm, 1470 nm), a local temperature increase can be confirmed, and the intima of the renal artery can be appropriately heated. The laser light generating means 12 is connected to the base end of the optical fiber 29, and the laser light output from the laser light generating means 12 is irradiated on the base end face of the optical fiber 29.

  As the fluid reflux means 13, a known apparatus having a roller pump or a syringe pump can be used. The fluid return means 13 is connected to the in port 26 and the out port 28 of the ablation device 11 through a flow path such as a tube. The fluid recirculation means 13 has a tank for storing fluid, and supplies the fluid from the tank to the in port 26 at a desired flow rate and pressure by the driving force of the pump. Further, the fluid flowing out from the out port 28 may be returned to the tank or discarded as a waste liquid. Moreover, the fluid recirculation | reflux means 13 may be provided with the cooling device for cooling the fluid in a tank. The fluid is not particularly limited, but for the purpose of ablation of the renal artery, a mixed solution of physiological saline and contrast medium is preferable.

  The drive mechanism 14 applies a driving force for rotating and sliding the proximal end side of the optical fiber 29 with respect to the axial direction 101, and a mechanism in which a motor, a slider, or the like is combined may be employed. The drive mechanism 14 is not essential, and the optical fiber 29 may be rotated and slid with respect to the axial direction 101 by the operator handling the proximal end side of the optical fiber 29.

  The control means 15 generates, for example, laser light from the laser light generation means 12 at a predetermined light intensity and time based on a pre-programmed protocol, controls the flow rate and pressure of the fluid reflux means 13, and is driven. The drive amount and timing of the mechanism 14 are controlled. The control means 15 includes an arithmetic device for performing these operation controls.

[How to use the ablation device 11]
In the following, a method of using the ablation system 10 for cutting the nerve 41 of the renal artery 40 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the ablation device 11 is connected to a laser light generation unit 12, a fluid reflux unit 13, and a drive mechanism 14. Further, the laser light generating means 12, the fluid reflux means 13, and the drive mechanism 14 are connected to the control means 15. The control means 15 is preset with a program suitable for performing ablation on the renal artery 40.

  The ablation device 11 is inserted into the renal artery 40 from the distal end side. In the renal artery 40, a guide wire is inserted in advance and reaches the target portion while performing imaging under fluoroscopy. Such insertion of the guide wire is performed by a known method disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-326226 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-230442.

  When the ablation device 11 is inserted into the renal artery 40, no fluid is pressed into the balloon 21, and the balloon 21 is in a deflated state. A guide wire is inserted into the guide wire tube 24 from the tip of the ablation device 11 in this state. Then, the ablation device 11 is inserted into the renal artery 40 along the guide wire. The insertion position of the ablation device 11 in the renal artery 40 is grasped by, for example, confirming a marker placed on the distal tip 25 under the X-ray.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the ablation device 11 is inserted up to the target portion of the renal artery 40, the fluid return means 13 is driven by the control means 15, and fluid is transferred from the fluid return means 13 through the in-side tube 27 to the balloon 21. And the balloon 21 is expanded. Further, the fluid is recirculated from the balloon 21 through the shaft 22 to the fluid recirculation means 13 from the out port 28. The fluid recirculation to the balloon 21 indicated by an arrow 51 in FIG. 3 is managed so as to have a desired flow velocity and pressure by controlling the fluid recirculation unit 13 by the control unit 15. The fluid stored in the fluid return means 13 is managed at a temperature suitable for cooling the intima of the renal artery 40.

  Subsequently, the laser light generation means 12 and the drive mechanism 14 are driven by the control means 15, and the laser light 42 generated from the laser light generation means 12 is propagated into the balloon 21 through the optical fiber 29, and the axis line is formed by the reflector 33. Reflected in a direction intersecting the direction 101. The reflected laser light 42 passes through the in-side tube 27 and the balloon 21, is irradiated onto the blood vessel wall of the renal artery 40, passes through the blood vessel wall, and reaches the nerve 41. As a result, the nerve 41 irradiated with the laser beam 42 (shown by a two-dot chain line for convenience in FIG. 3) is ablated. Note that the intensity and irradiation time of the laser light 42 are managed by the control means 15.

  Further, when the driving mechanism 14 is driven by the control unit 15, the optical fiber 29 propagating the laser light 42 is slid while being rotated with respect to the axial direction 101. Since the optical fiber 29 is rotated and the reflecting material 33 is also rotated, the direction of the laser light 42 reflected by the reflecting material 33 is displaced in the circumferential direction of the axial direction 101 (arrow 52). Thereby, it is possible to uniformly ablate the nerve 41 existing in the circumferential direction of the renal artery 40. Further, since the optical fiber 29 is slid and the reflecting material 33 is also slid, the laser light 42 reflected by the reflecting material 33 is displaced in the axial direction 101 (arrow 53). Thereby, it is possible to uniformly ablate the nerve 41 existing in the direction in which the renal artery 40 extends (the same direction as the axial direction 101).

  The rotation and slide pattern of the optical fiber 29 can be arbitrarily set by programming in the control means 15. Therefore, for example, when the optical fiber 29 is slid while being rotated, the nerve 41 of the renal artery 40 can be irradiated with the laser beam 42 spirally. In addition, when the rotation or slide of the optical fiber 29 is temporarily stopped, the laser light 42 is irradiated from the laser light generating means 12 so that the nerve 41 of the renal artery 40 is irradiated with the laser light 42 in a spot shape. it can. In other words, the timing and order of irradiating the laser beam 42 to the nerves 41 existing all around the predetermined range in the direction in which the renal artery 40 extends can be arbitrarily set.

  On the other hand, the laser light 42 reflected by the reflecting material 33 is also applied to the tissue on the intima side of the renal artery 40 before reaching the nerve 41 of the renal artery 40. The inflated balloon 21 is in contact with the intima of the renal artery 40, and fluid is circulated in the balloon 21. Due to the cooling effect of the fluid, heating of the intima side of the renal artery 40 is suppressed. Therefore, it is preferable that the slide range of the optical fiber 29 is a range in which the balloon 21 is in contact with the intima of the renal artery 40.

[Effects of First Embodiment]
According to the above-described embodiment, the nerve 41 of the renal artery 40 can be ablated, and heating to the intima of the renal artery 40 can be suppressed to suppress thermal damage to the intima.

  In addition, since the reflecting material 33 is integrally provided on the distal end side of the optical fiber 29 and the optical fiber 29 can move and rotate along the axial direction 101 with respect to the shaft 22, the ablation device 11 has a simple configuration. Realized. Further, the movement and rotation of the reflector 33 can be operated via the optical fiber 29 on the proximal end side of the shaft 22.

[Modification]
In the present embodiment, the reflecting material 33 is integrally provided at the tip of the optical fiber 29, but a member that transmits laser light such as a lens is provided between the tip of the optical fiber 29 and the reflecting material 33. It may be. Further, the tip of the optical fiber 29 and the reflecting material 33 are arranged through a space, and the optical fiber 29 and the reflecting material 33 are connected so that the movement and rotation of the optical fiber 29 are transmitted to the reflecting material 33. It may be. Further, the optical fiber 29 and the reflecting material 33 are completely independent, and the reflecting material 33 is fixed to, for example, the in-side tube 27 and is configured to be interlocked with the rotation and movement of the in-side tube 27. Also good.

  In this embodiment, the optical fiber 29 is inserted through the in-side tube 27, but the insertion path of the optical fiber 29 is not limited as long as the distal end side reaches the balloon 21. Therefore, for example, it may be inserted into the internal space of the shaft 22 or may be inserted into the balloon 21 from the outside of the shaft 22.

[Second Embodiment]
Hereinafter, an ablation device 61 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Similarly to the ablation device 11 shown in FIG. 1, the ablation device 61 constitutes a part of an ablation system having a laser light generation unit 12, a fluid reflux unit 13, a drive mechanism 14, and a control unit 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the ablation device 61 has a main shaft 72 provided with a balloon 71 on the distal end side. The main shaft 72 is a member that is long in the axial direction 101. The main shaft 72 is a tubular body that can be elastically bent so as to bend with respect to the axial direction 101. The direction in which the main shaft 72 in the uncurved state extends is referred to as the axial direction 101 in this specification.

  An in-side tube 77, an optical fiber 79, a sub shaft 74 and a guide wire shaft 84 are inserted through the main shaft 72. The outer diameter and inner diameter of the main shaft 72 are not necessarily constant with respect to the axial direction 101, but from the viewpoint of operability, it is preferable that the rigidity on the proximal side is higher than the distal side. The main shaft 72 can be made of a known material used for a balloon catheter, such as synthetic resin or stainless steel, and is not necessarily composed of only one type of material, and a plurality of parts made of other materials are assembled. And may be configured.

  In the present embodiment, the proximal end side refers to the rear side (right side in FIG. 4) with respect to the direction in which the ablation device 61 is inserted into the blood vessel. The distal side refers to the front side (left side in FIG. 4) with respect to the direction in which the ablation device 61 is inserted into the blood vessel.

  A balloon 71 is provided on the distal end side of the main shaft 72. The balloon 71 expands elastically when fluid (liquid, gas) flows into the internal space and contracts when fluid flows out of the internal space. FIG. 4 shows the balloon 71 in an expanded state. The internal space of the balloon 71 communicates with the internal space of the main shaft 72 and the internal space of the in-side tube 77. When fluid flows into the internal space of the balloon 71 through the in-side tube 77, the balloon 71 expands in the radial direction orthogonal to the axial direction 101 so that the center of the axial direction 101 becomes the maximum diameter. A fluid having a flow rate sufficient to maintain the pressure of the fluid that maintains the inflation of the balloon 71 flows into the balloon 71 and flows out from the balloon 71 through the internal space of the main shaft 72, whereby the fluid recirculates in the balloon 71. Is done. As the material of the balloon 71 and the method for fixing the balloon 71 and the main shaft 72, known materials and methods used in balloon catheters can be used. The internal space of the in-side tube 77 and the space between the main shaft 72 and the in-side tube 77 correspond to the fluid lumen.

  The in-side tube 77 inserted into the main shaft 72 has a distal end side reaching the internal space of the balloon 71 and a proximal end side connected to the in-port 76 of the connector portion 73. The distal end of the in-side tube 77 is connected to a distal tip 75 provided on the distal end side of the balloon 71. In the vicinity of the tip 75 of the in-side tube 77, openings 80 and 81 that penetrate the peripheral wall of the in-side tube 77 are provided. The openings 80 and 81 are for allowing the fluid flowing through the inner space of the in-side tube 77 to flow into the balloon 71, and are arranged at different positions with respect to the circumferential direction of the axial direction 101.

  The tip chip 75 is provided with a marker made of a contrast medium. Examples of the contrast agent include barium sulfate, bismuth oxide, and bismuth subcarbonate.

  A sub shaft 74 is inserted through the in-side tube 77. The sub shaft 74 extends from the outside of the connector portion 73 to the inside of the balloon 71. The sub-shaft 74 is a member that is long in the axial direction 101, is elastically bent so as to bend with respect to the axial direction 101, and is not connected to the tip chip 75, so that the rotation around the axial direction 101 can be rotated by the connector portion. It is a tubular body that can transmit from the 73 side to the tip side. The sub shaft 74 is a tubular body made of, for example, a stainless coil.

  A guide wire shaft 84 is inserted into the internal space of the sub shaft 74. The guide wire shaft 84 is connected to the tip end 75. A hole 85 is formed in the distal tip 75 along the axial direction 101 so that the internal space of the guide wire shaft 84 is continued to the outside. The distal end of the guide wire shaft 84 reaches the distal end of the distal end tip 75 through the hole 85. As the material of the guide wire shaft 84, a known material can be adopted. The internal space of the guide wire shaft 84 corresponds to a wire lumen.

  The optical fiber 79 is bonded to the outer periphery of the sub shaft 74 from the outside of the connector portion 73 and extends in the axial direction 101 to reach the inside of the balloon 71. The optical fiber 79 propagates the laser light generated by the laser light generation means 12 and applied to the proximal end of the optical fiber 79 to the distal end side. As the optical fiber 79, an optical fiber having a refractive index that totally reflects at the wavelength of the laser light is appropriately adopted. Specific examples include a single mode fiber, a polarization maintaining fiber, a multimode fiber, and a bundle fiber for image transmission. . The optical fiber 79 corresponds to the light guide material.

  The front end surface 82 of the optical fiber 79 is a flat surface inclined at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the axial direction 101 so that the outer surface faces the sub shaft 74 side. A reflective material 83 is laminated on the distal end surface 82. A material that totally reflects the laser beam propagating through the optical fiber 79 is used as the reflecting material 83. As the material of the reflector 83, quartz glass or the like is adopted, but the material is not particularly limited.

  The optical fiber 79 and the reflector 83 can rotate about the axial direction 101 integrally with the sub shaft 74 and can slide in the axial direction 101. The rotation and sliding of the optical fiber 79 and the reflector 83 are controlled by directly or indirectly operating the proximal end side of the sub shaft 74 extending from the connector portion 73. Specifically, when the driving force from the driving mechanism 14 is applied to the base end side of the sub shaft 74, the optical fiber 79 and the reflecting material 83 rotate and slide along the outer periphery of the sub shaft 74 together with the sub shaft 74. Is done.

  Although not shown in each drawing, a temperature sensor may be provided on the outer wall of the in-side tube 77 in the balloon 71. As the temperature sensor, a known sensor such as a thermocouple can be used as long as it can be installed inside the balloon 71. The temperature of the fluid in the balloon 71 can be monitored by guiding the cable extended from the temperature sensor to the outside.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a connector portion 73 is provided on the proximal end side of the main shaft 72. The connector part 73 is a part that the practitioner has when operating the ablation device 61. The connector part 73 is provided with an out port 78. The out port 78 is continuous with the space between the main shaft 72 and the in-side tube 77. Through this space, the fluid returned to the balloon 71 flows out from the out port 78.

  The connector portion 73 is provided with an in port 76. The in port 76 is continuous with the space between the in side tube 77 and the sub shaft 74. Through this space, the fluid returned to the balloon 71 flows from the in port 76. In the connector portion 73, the in port 76 and the out port 78 are liquid-tightly separated by O-rings 86 and 87, respectively. Further, the in port 76 and the out port 78 are connected to the fluid recirculation means 13 shown in FIG.

  The sub shaft 74 and the optical fiber 79 are extended from the base end of the connector portion 73 to the outside. The sub shaft 74 and the optical fiber 79 can move along the axial direction 101 with respect to the connector portion 73 and can rotate around the axial direction 101. In addition, in the connector part 73, the periphery of the sub shaft 74 and the optical fiber 79 is secured by an O-ring 88. The optical fiber 79 is connected to the laser light generating means 12 shown in FIG. 1, and the sub shaft 74 is connected to the drive mechanism 14 shown in FIG.

  The method of using the ablation device 61 described above is similar to the method of using the ablation device 11, and is used as the ablation system 10 shown in FIG. 1 as an example of the method of use.

  That is, the ablation device 61 is inserted into the renal artery 40 from the distal end side. At this time, a guide wire is inserted into the renal artery 40 in advance and reaches the target portion, and the guide wire is inserted into the guide wire shaft 84 of the ablation device 61, and along the guide wire, the main wire of the ablation device 61 is inserted. The shaft 72 is inserted into the renal artery 40.

  When the ablation device 61 is inserted to the target portion of the renal artery 40, the fluid is returned to the balloon 71 and the balloon 71 is expanded. Subsequently, the laser light is propagated into the balloon 71 through the optical fiber 79, and reflected by the reflecting material 73 in a direction intersecting the axial direction 101 and outside the main shaft 72. The reflected laser light passes through the in-side tube 77 and the balloon 71, is irradiated onto the blood vessel wall of the renal artery 40, passes through the blood vessel wall, and reaches the nerve. Since the optical fiber 79 moves and rotates along the outer periphery of the sub shaft 74, the laser light reflected to the outside of the main shaft 72 is blocked by the guide wire inserted into the sub shaft 74 and the guide wire shaft 84. There is no. Therefore, when the renal artery 40 is irradiated with laser light, that is, when ablation is performed, the guide wire does not need to be drawn from the guide wire shaft 84.

[Effects of Second Embodiment]
According to the second embodiment described above, as in the first embodiment, ablation is performed on the nerve of the renal artery, and heating to the intima of the renal artery is suppressed, thereby causing thermal damage to the intima. Can be suppressed.

  In addition, since the optical fiber 79 is fixed to the outer periphery of the sub shaft 74 and the reflector 83 reflects the laser light to the outside of the main shaft 72 in the direction intersecting the axial direction 101, The reflected laser light is not blocked by the inserted guide wire shaft 84 or the guide wire inserted through the guide wire shaft 84. Thereby, ablation can be performed with the guide wire inserted through the ablation device 61. Further, since the guide wire shaft 84 extends from the distal end to the proximal end of the main shaft 72, it is easy to insert the guide wire into the ablation device 61 again after the guide wire is removed from the ablation device 61. .

  In addition, since the reflecting material 83 is integrally provided on the distal end side of the optical fiber 79 and the optical fiber 79 can move and rotate along the axial direction 101 together with the sub shaft 74, the ablation device 61 can be realized with a simple configuration. Is done. In addition, the sub shaft 74 can be operated in the connector portion 73 to move and rotate the reflecting material 83.

[Modification]
In the second embodiment, the reflecting material 83 is integrally provided at the tip of the optical fiber 79. However, a member such as a lens that transmits laser light is provided between the tip of the optical fiber 79 and the reflecting material 83. It may be done. In addition, the tip of the optical fiber 79 and the reflecting material 83 are arranged through a space, and the optical fiber 79 and the reflecting material 83 are arranged so that the optical fiber 79 and the reflecting material 33 move and rotate together with the sub shaft 74. Each may be bonded to the sub shaft 74.

  Further, the guide wire may be configured to be inserted through the sub shaft 74 without providing the guide wire shaft 84.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ablation system 11, 61 Ablation device 12 Laser beam generation means 13 Fluid return means 21, 71 Balloon 22 Shaft (2nd lumen, fluid lumen)
27,77 Inner side tube (first lumen, fluid lumen)
29,79 Optical fiber (light guide material)
33, 83 Reflector 72 Main shaft 73 Connector portion 74 Sub shaft 84 Guide wire shaft (wire lumen)

Claims (10)

A balloon that is elastically inflatable is provided on the tip side of the shaft, a first lumen for allowing fluid to flow into the balloon, a second lumen for allowing fluid to flow out of the balloon, and a laser into the balloon An ablation device in which light guides for guiding light are respectively provided along the shaft;
Laser light generating means for irradiating the light guide material with laser light;
Fluid return means for returning fluid to the internal space of the balloon through the first lumen and the second lumen;
The ablation device includes a reflective material that reflects laser light emitted from the light guide material in the balloon in a second direction intersecting a first direction in which the light guide material is extended, and at least An ablation system in which the reflector is movable in the balloon along the first direction and is rotatable about the first direction as an axis. The reflective material is provided integrally on the tip side of the light guide material,
The ablation system according to claim 1, wherein the light guide member is movable along the first direction with respect to the shaft, and is rotatable about the first direction as an axis.   The ablation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser light generating means irradiates the light guide material with laser light whose waveform changes continuously and periodically. A shaft,
An elastically inflatable balloon provided on the tip side of the shaft;
A first lumen provided along the shaft for allowing fluid to flow into the balloon;
A second lumen provided along the shaft for allowing fluid to flow out of the balloon;
A light guide provided along the shaft for guiding laser light into the balloon;
A reflecting material that reflects the laser light emitted from the light guide material in the balloon in a second direction intersecting the first direction in which the light guide material is extended, and
An ablation device in which at least the reflector is movable in the balloon along the first direction and is rotatable about the first direction as an axis. The reflective material is provided integrally on the tip side of the light guide material,
The ablation device according to claim 4, wherein the light guide member is movable along the first direction with respect to the shaft, and is rotatable about the first direction as an axis. A main shaft having a fluid lumen through which fluid flows;
A balloon that is provided on the distal end side of the main shaft and is inflatable by a fluid flowing through the fluid lumen;
A sub-shaft having a wire lumen through which a guide wire can be inserted, inserted into the main shaft and extended into the balloon;
A light guide provided along the sub-shaft for guiding laser light into the balloon;
A reflecting material that reflects the laser light emitted from the light guide material in the balloon in a direction intersecting the axial direction, and
The sub shaft is movable in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft, and is rotatable around the axial direction.
An ablation device in which the light guide material and the reflective material are movable and rotatable along with the sub-shaft.   The ablation device according to claim 6, wherein the reflective material is provided integrally on a distal end side of the light guide material.   The ablation device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the sub shaft is inserted through the fluid lumen. A connector having a port through which fluid flows is connected to the base end side of the main shaft,
The port is connected to the fluid lumen so that fluid can flow therethrough,
The ablation device according to claim 6, wherein the sub shaft and the light guide member are rotatable around the axial direction with respect to the connector. An ablation device according to any of claims 6 to 9,
Laser light generating means for irradiating the light guide material with laser light;
An ablation system comprising fluid return means for returning fluid to the internal space of the balloon through the fluid lumen.

Images