JP2015092850A - Photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as plant cultivation facility, and use method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as a plant cultivation facility which is capable of rationally perform sunshade and rationally performing power generation by sunlight regarding plant cultivation, by which farm field and its facility can be effectively utilized, and to provide a use method of the facility.SOLUTION: Solar panel rows 20 in each of which a plurality of solar panels 21 are linearly arranged along plant cultivation rows in each of which multiple pieces of a plant such as grape are linearly arranged, are arranged integrally and tiltably in order to make it possible to generate electric power by sunlight and perform sun shading in an adjustable manner.

Description

  The present invention relates to a configuration of a facility that serves both as a plant cultivation facility for plant growth and a solar power generation facility capable of generating power by sunlight, and a method of using the facility.

Power generation using sunlight is one of the power generation methods that is currently attracting the most attention. As a matter of course, sunlight is necessary for the solar panels used to generate electricity to produce electricity.
On the other hand, sunshine is also required for plant cultivation such as grape cultivation. For example, in the case of vine cultivation, the vines grow as photosynthesis is carried out with the leaves of the grapes, but it is also necessary to shine the bunches of vines in order to color the vines. However, rain and hail cause harm to the bunch of grapes. Recently, seedless grapes that can be eaten with the skin are popular. Rainfall wastes gibberellin processing to make seedless grapes. In addition, the leaching of the drug due to rain brings rust to the skin of the grapes, which makes it look bad.

  In order to prevent the damage in outdoor cultivation as described above, for example, in the case of grape cultivation, it has been proposed to provide a roof made of a transparent material such as vinyl on a grape shelf in a tunnel shape. For example, a main branch of each vine in a cultivation row planted at a predetermined interval is grown so as to extend in a direction parallel to the ground at a substantially constant height, and is generated from the main branch along its longitudinal direction. The length of each side branch is kept short by pruning each year so that the number of sprouts in the mother branch resulting in the side branch is two or one, and the new tree (resulting branch) resulting from the mother branch is directed downward A method for cultivating grapes in which the fruit grows in a state of being hung on the ground, wherein the top of the main branch extending parallel to the ground is covered with a transparent material roof in a tunnel shape, and the use of the method A suitable grape cultivation shelf (see Patent Document 1, page 1, abstract) has been proposed.

  In addition, in the case of outdoor cultivation, not only rain and hail, but also the cultivation of plants such as excessive sunshine grapes may be harmful. For example, excessively strong sunlight and high temperatures in summer can suppress the growth (photosynthesis) of grapes and cause sunburn and fruit shrinkage. Furthermore, in the fine weather after raining in the summer, grapes that have sufficiently absorbed moisture may expand and crack (crack) when heated suddenly by sunlight. To prevent such harm. A awning was needed in the bunch of grapes. In this way, excessive sunshine is not limited to grapes, but is harmful to the whole plant, and it is desirable to be able to adjust it.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-160309 (first page, summary)

The problem to be solved with regard to plant cultivation facilities is that the facilities for sunshade and rain protection are necessary only for the growing season of plants such as grapes, but the cost of installing them becomes high. , That is not popular. On the other hand, the problem to be solved regarding the photovoltaic power generation facility is that an appropriate installation location cannot be secured.
The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and it is possible to rationalize sunshade for plant cultivation and to rationally generate power from sunlight, thereby making it possible to effectively utilize the field and its facilities. The purpose is to provide a photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as an industrial facility and a method of using the same.

The present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
According to one aspect of the photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as the plant cultivation facility according to the present invention, along with the plant cultivation column in which the plants are arranged in a straight line, power can be generated by sunlight and the plant cultivation column A solar panel row formed by arranging a plurality of solar panels in a straight line so that the sunshade can be adjusted for the plant is arranged so as to be integrally tiltable for angle adjustment.

  Moreover, according to one form of the photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as the plant cultivation facility according to the present invention, the solar panel support member that supports the solar panel row supports the plant growth to assist the growth of the plant. It is also possible to use the same as the supporting member.

  Moreover, according to one form of the photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as the plant cultivation facility according to the present invention, a plurality of the plant cultivation rows are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and along each of the plant cultivation rows The solar panel array may be arranged.

  Moreover, according to one form of the usage method of the photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as the plant cultivation facility according to the present invention, along with the plant cultivation column in which the plants are arranged in a straight line, power can be generated by sunlight. A plant in which a plurality of solar panels arranged in a straight line is arranged so as to be tiltable integrally for angle adjustment so that the sunshade can be adjusted for the plants in the plant cultivation row When using solar power generation facilities that also serve as cultivation facilities, and when the amount of solar radiation is excessive, or when the amount of solar radiation should be adjusted according to the characteristics of the plant, the solar panel row covers the plant cultivation row and protects the sun. To be controlled.

  Moreover, according to one form of the usage method of the photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as the plant cultivation facility according to the present invention, when the amount of rain is excessive or when the amount of water supply by rain should be adjusted according to the characteristics of the plant The solar panel row may be controlled to cover the plant cultivation row to prevent rain.

  According to the photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as the plant cultivation facility according to the present invention and the method of using the same, it is possible to rationally protect the awning of the plant cultivation and to rationally generate power with sunlight, thereby effectively utilizing the field and the facility. There is a special advantageous effect of being able to.

It is a perspective view which shows the example of the form of the facility for short-tree cultivation of grape. It is a perspective view which shows the example of the form of the solar power generation facility which serves as the plant (grape) cultivation facility which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows the example of a form of the solar power generation facility which serves as the plant (grape) cultivation facility which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of a solar power generation facility which serves as the plant (grape) cultivation facility which concerns on this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as a plant cultivation facility according to the present invention and a method for using the same will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the present invention, along with a plant cultivation line (for example, the main branch 11 of grapes (see FIG. 1)) provided with plants arranged in a straight line, power can be generated by sunlight and the plant cultivation line 11 (main branch 11). The solar panel array (for example, the strip-shaped power generation panel array 20 (see FIGS. 2 and 4) is configured such that a plurality of solar panels 21 are linearly arranged in series so that the sunshade can be adjusted for the plants of). )) Are arranged so as to be integrally tiltable for angle adjustment.

  According to this, the solar panel row 20 (band-like power generation panel row 20) is tilted, and the angle of the solar panel 21 with respect to the sun is adjusted. Thereby, it can adjust so that sunlight (irradiation) may block a suitable amount, and a suitable amount of light may be irradiated to a plant. By making the direction of sunlight and the light receiving surface of the solar panel 21 perpendicular, the amount of light received by the solar panel 21 can be maximized, and the amount of power generation can be maximized. Moreover, the sunlight which pours into a plant is maximized because the direction of sunlight and the light receiving surface of the solar panel 21 are parallel. When solar radiation is not necessary in the winter, such as crops, the angle of the solar panel 21 may be adjusted so that the amount of power generation can be maximized. Moreover, since it is the structure which the solar panel row | line | column 20 can tilt integrally, a structure can be simplified and installation cost can be reduced. For example, the solar panel row | line | column 20 can be provided so that it may tilt about one center rotation axis | shaft like the form example shown in FIG.

Further, in the present invention, the solar panel support member that supports the solar panel row 20 also serves as a plant growth support member (for example, the support member 3 of the grape shelf 1) that is supported to assist plant growth. be able to. The structure of the facility can be simplified and the installation cost can be reduced.
Here, plant cultivation is mainly cultivation of agricultural crops, and more specifically, fruit trees, vegetables, tea, flowers, etc. that require sunlight. When cultivating fruit trees such as apples, cherries, pears, etc., the branches are arranged in a straight line so that they extend horizontally, such as joint cultivation in which the branches are grafted together and grown in a straight line, or shelf cultivation in which the branches are made straight. Therefore, there is a cultivation method for improving work efficiency, and the present invention is easily applied. In addition, tea cultivation is made in a straight bowl shape, not to mention the tea leaves cultivation of Gyokuro, but it does not like excessive solar radiation, and since the defrost fan is used, the distribution line is in place, etc. Easy to apply.

  Moreover, in this invention, the several plant cultivation row | line | column 11 is distribute | arranged in parallel with a required space | interval, and the solar panel row | line | column 20 can be arrange | positioned along each of the plant cultivation row | line | column 11. FIG. According to this, the limited land can be efficiently utilized by the photovoltaic power generation together with plant cultivation.

  In the case of using a solar power generation facility that also serves as a plant cultivation facility according to the above configuration, when the amount of solar radiation is excessive or when the amount of solar radiation should be adjusted according to the characteristics of the plant, the solar panel row 20 is a plant. What is necessary is just to control so that the cultivation row | line | column 11 may be covered and awned. The characteristics of the plant can improve the quality of the grapes, for example, in the case of seedless grapes, by preventing the vines from becoming thick due to excessive solar radiation. In addition, plants stop growing and protect their cells when exposed to excessive sunshine, each plant has a light wavelength suitable for its growth, and rests photosynthesis depending on the time of day. Therefore, the plant growth can be optimized by adjusting the amount of solar radiation appropriately.

  When using a photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as a plant cultivation facility according to the above configuration, when the rainfall is excessive or when the amount of water supply by rain should be adjusted in accordance with the characteristics of the plant, the solar panel row 20 is What is necessary is just to control so that the plant cultivation row | line | column 11 may be covered and rain-proofing may be carried out. According to this, the growth of the plant can be optimized.

Next, a solar power generation facility that also serves as a plant cultivation facility according to the present invention and an example of a method of using the solar power generation facility will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings (FIGS. 1 to 4), taking a short tree cultivation facility for grapes as an example. Explained.
This photovoltaic power generation facility that also serves as a plant cultivation facility and a method for using the same include the grape shelf 1 and the strip-shaped power generation panel array 20. In addition, FIG. 1 shows the example of only the grape shelf 1 in which short-tree cultivation is performed.

  The vine shelf 1 is a main branch 11 that is extended or branched from the main trunk 10 so that the main branch 11 is straight and extends parallel to the ground 50 at a certain height, and the main branches 11 are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. The branches of the grapes are fixed for use in the short-tree cultivation of the grapes that are cultivated so that the bunch of grapes 13 comes to fruition on the new treetops formed on the side-branches 12 by extending the side branches 12 from the plurality of parts 11 to both sides. It is provided to support. The main branch 11 is extended and branched from the main trunk 10 so as to be grown in two rows from a single vine, and is extended and grown into a U-shaped or H-shaped tree shape. There are many cases. FIG. 1 is an example in which the main branch 11 is extended in an H-shape. There is also a method in which the main branch 11 is branched from the main trunk 10 in a T-shape and extended in one row.

  In the past, vines were often produced by shelf cultivation in which the main branch 11 was grown over the head. On the other hand, according to the short-tree cultivation according to the present invention, the main branch 11 of the vine is straightly extended, for example, from east to west and grown. This makes branching and pruning easy. Moreover, since one vine bunch 13 is fruited in each side branch 12, shoot management, fruit fruit adjustment, etc. are easy. The distance between the two grape bunches 13 located on both sides of the main branch 11 is kept at about 40 cm. By the way, although the direction which extends the main branch 11 is not specifically limited, the solar panel 21 can be arrange | positioned appropriately by extending east and west. However, it does not have to be strictly east and west, and may be arranged corresponding to the conditions of the installation location as appropriate.

  The grape shelf 1 holds a laterally long rod-like body 2 that holds and fixes the main branch 11 along the main branch 11 that extends from east to west, a support member 3 that is erected from the ground 50 that supports the rod-like body 2, and a side branch 12. The frame-shaped member 4 orthogonal to the rod-shaped body 2 to be fixed can be used. It does not specifically limit to the material which comprises this grape shelf 1. A wire, a metal pipe, or a rope can also be used. Further, the material may be wood, and a larch material having high durability may be used for the support member 3.

The strip-shaped power generation panel row 20 covers the bunch of grapes 13 from above so as to be able to prevent rain and awning, and in the longitudinal direction along the main branch 11 on the upper side of the main branch 11 so as to be able to generate power by sunlight. It consists of a plurality of solar panels 21 installed in a series of strips that extend.
As shown in FIG. 2, the solar panel 21 according to this embodiment has a rectangular shape, and is generally commercially available with a width of 80 to 90 cm and a length of about 160 to 180 cm. The width of the solar panel 21 having this general shape is sufficiently longer than the distance between the bunches 13 of grapes that are formed outside the main branch 11 in short-tree cultivation. Therefore, this solar panel 21 is suitable for rain protection and awning of grapes. And since the solar panel 21 can be arranged in a longitudinal direction along the main branch 11 of the grape extended in the east and west, it becomes the optimal for electric power generation. The size of the solar panel 21 is not particularly limited, but the cost can be reduced by using a solar panel 21 having a general size. The solar panel 21 may be one that uses, for example, a film-like solar cell that can transmit a certain amount of light in addition to completely blocking sunlight. In addition, the strip | belt-shaped electric power generation panel row | line | column 20 (solar panel row | line | column 20) comprised with the solar panel 21 makes the solar panel 21 long like FIG.2 and FIG.4 according to the width | variety of the plant cultivation row | line | column 11 provided linearly. Of course, it is not limited to arranging in the direction (vertical direction), and may be densely arranged in the horizontal direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the solar panel 21 is supported by the support frame 5 and is held in a state of being inclined southward toward the sun trajectory. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the grape shelf 1 can also be provided so as to serve also as a support frame for installing the solar panel 21. As a result, it is possible to save materials and space in the support frame body of the grape shelf 1 and the solar panel 21, and to firmly hold the solar panel 21.

The support frame 5 of the solar panel 21 or the grape shelf 1 that also serves as the support frame 5 can be provided with an angle adjustment mechanism 7 that can adjust the inclination angle of the solar panel 21.
According to this, in the case of rain or rainfall, the solar panel 21 can be kept horizontal so that the grape bunch 13 is not exposed to rain as much as possible. Further, in the summertime when the sunlight S is strong, the solar panel 21 can be inclined at an angle that most effectively blocks the sunlight S. On the other hand, in winter, the power generation effect can be increased by increasing the inclination angle of the solar panel 21 corresponding to the sun's trajectory so that the sunlight S hits the solar panel widely. As a result, solar power generation utilizing the breadth of the grape field is possible. In addition, by placing a reflection sheet on the ground 50, it is also possible to apply light to the bunch 13 of grapes while appropriately blocking sunlight.

The angle adjustment mechanism unit 7 can freely adjust the angle by incorporating a motor. Angle adjustment can be performed by remote control or automatically adjusted to an optimum angle by a computer. The solar panel 21 can be positioned about 50 cm above the position of the bunch 13 of grapes. For this reason, angle adjustment is not a difficult task even when manual adjustment is performed.
Furthermore, when the angle of the solar panel 21 is automatically adjusted by the angle adjustment mechanism 7, a sensor for detecting weather conditions such as a rain sensor, a temperature / humidity sensor, a sunshine sensor and an ultraviolet sensor is installed and detected by the sensor. The angle may be adjusted via a control device that outputs control information based on the information. This angle adjustment is controlled using computer software that has the function of predicting meteorological phenomena such as rainfall and temperature changes by inputting information from the above-mentioned sensors and weather information that can be acquired from the outside such as the Internet. The angle of the panel 21 may be adjusted.

  The angle adjusting mechanism unit 7 can also intermittently fix the solar panel 21 at every fixed angle. According to this, the solar panel 21 can be firmly fixed to withstand strong winds and snowfall. As an example of the intermittent fixing means, a connecting material may be connected to the solar panel 21 and fixed with a plurality of grooves or holes provided in the support frame 5 and bolts.

  A plurality of rows of main branches 11 are grown in parallel at a required interval, and the strip-shaped power generation panel rows 20 can be installed in a plurality of rows at a required interval corresponding to the plurality of rows of main branches 11. Thereby, similarly to the installation method of the normal solar panel 21, the solar panel 21 corresponding to the main branch 11 can be installed so as not to make a shadow on the solar panels 21 corresponding to the other main branches 11. For this reason, the power generation effect can be improved. The same applies to the case where the main branch 11 is extended in an H shape or a U shape. In addition, as a specific size, the space | interval of the main branch 11 grown in parallel can be 240 mm, and the width | variety of the support frame 5 can be 80-90 mm, for example. According to this, workability | operativity can be improved, such as driving | running | working the agricultural chemical spraying automobile.

  Moreover, you may provide a raising / lowering apparatus so that the height position of a solar panel can be displaced. The lifting device may be a mechanism that individually lifts and lowers the solar panels, or may be a mechanism that lifts and lowers a plurality of solar panels simultaneously. In the case of a mechanism that raises and lowers a holding member that holds a plurality of solar panels, a plurality of drive mechanisms may be arranged so that the whole can be raised and lowered in a balanced manner. Moreover, it is good also as a structure where drive sources, such as an electric motor at least of a drive mechanism, are used for both raising / lowering of a solar panel and angle adjustment. In addition, about the raising / lowering position of a solar panel, it can provide so that it may raise / lower from 2.5 m which is a minimum height position to about 4 m which is an upper limit height position. By adjusting the height position of the solar panel in this way, the solar panel can suitably function as a rain shield and partial sunshade at a low position, and at a high position, the solar panel can be adjusted by the incident angle and scattering effect of sunlight. Sunlight can be applied to the leaves under optimal conditions. According to this, it becomes possible to cultivate grapes appropriately, and it is possible to efficiently generate power with a solar panel.

  In addition, as a drive mechanism that constitutes the lifting device, a linear motion mechanism using a rack and pinion, a linear motion mechanism that uses a cylinder device as a driving force, a lifting mechanism that uses a wire or chain hoisting device as a driving source, a four-bar link, etc. A known technique such as a link mechanism, a motion mechanism using a chain and a sprocket, or a timing belt may be selectively used as appropriate. In addition, as a reduction mechanism of the electric motor as a drive source, in order to reduce the size of the electric motor by increasing the reduction gear ratio, in particular, using a worm gear and a worm wheel, using a planetary gear, etc. A known technique may be selectively used as appropriate.

An example of an embodiment added to the configuration of the above invention will be described below.
For example, a light emitter such as an LED is mounted on the back side of the solar panel 21, and the electric power generated by the solar panel 21 is used directly or via a storage battery. Can be irradiated. According to this, the growth of plants can be promoted and the quality of plants such as crops can be improved.
As a power storage device for the power generated by the solar panel 21, for example, a sheet storage battery can be installed on the back of the solar panel 21.
In addition, in the angle adjustment mechanism unit 7, the solar panel 21 itself can be protected so that it is horizontal when strong winds are blown, and is raised as much as possible in order to cause the snow to slide down when snow falls. Therefore, it is preferable to adopt a control configuration that can operate automatically.

  As described above, the present invention has been described in various ways with preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. That is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grape shelf 2 Rod-shaped body 3 Support member 4 Frame-shaped member 5 Support frame body 7 Angle adjustment mechanism part 10 Main trunk 11 Main branch (plant cultivation row)
12 Side branch 13 Grape bunch 20 Band-shaped power generation panel row (solar panel row)
21 Solar Panel 50 Ground S Sunlight

Claims (5)

  A plurality of solar panels are arranged in a straight line so that solar power can be generated and the sunshade can be adjusted for the plants in the plant cultivation row along a plant cultivation row in which plants are arranged in a straight line. A solar power generation facility that also serves as a plant cultivation facility, characterized in that solar panel arrays configured in such a manner are arranged so as to be integrally tiltable for angle adjustment.   2. The plant cultivation facility according to claim 1, wherein the solar panel support member that supports the solar panel array also serves as a plant growth support member that supports the growth of the plant. Solar power generation facility.   The plant cultivation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the plant cultivation rows are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and the solar panel rows are arranged along each of the plant cultivation rows. Solar power generation facility that also functions as a facility and its usage.   A plurality of solar panels are arranged in a straight line so that solar power can be generated and the sunshade can be adjusted for the plants in the plant cultivation row along a plant cultivation row in which plants are arranged in a straight line. The solar panels are configured so that they can be tilted together to adjust the angle. The solar power generation facility is also used as a plant cultivation facility. When the solar radiation amount is to be adjusted, the solar panel row is controlled so as to shade the plant cultivation row, and the method for using the solar power generation facility also serving as a plant cultivation facility,   When the amount of rainfall is excessive or when the amount of water supply by rain should be adjusted in accordance with the characteristics of the plant, the solar panel row is controlled to cover the plant cultivation row to prevent rain. The usage method of the photovoltaic power generation facility which doubles as the plant cultivation facility according to claim 4.

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