JP2015073475A - Combine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine capable of widely distributing and discharging cut straw to a reaped site and making the cut straw be a nearly uniform layer when short cutting and discharging waste culms with a disk type cutter, capable of collecting, putting aside, and discharging the cut straw without distributing the cut straw when long cutting and discharging the waste culms, and capable of preventing cutter jamming from occurring as the result that the long-cut straw is caught or blocks a fall space to be heaped up.SOLUTION: A combine is provided with distribution plates 94, 95 directing cut straw cut by a cut length-variable disk type cutter 55 to the ear tip side or the plant foot side and flow-down guiding the cut straw such that the distribution plates 94, 95 can freely move between action positions facing fall positions of the cut straw and non-action positions coming off from the fall positions.

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine equipped with a disk-type cutter that cuts the waste after threshing. More specifically, the present invention relates to a combine equipped with a disk-type cutter with a variable cutting length that can switch the cutting length of the waste to a shorter or longer length. .

  In a combine that performs mowing, threshing, selection of cocoons, and cocoon processing at the same time, the cereals harvested by the reaping unit are transported to the threshing unit for threshing, and the selection unit uses two methods: wind selection and rocking. Sorted into swarf, slag is stored in a grain tank or sack with a cerealing device, while swarf and dust (dust exhaust) are sucked by a dust exhaust fan and discharged outside the machine. Moreover, the waste after threshing is sent to a disk-type cutter by a transport device, and the disk-type cutter cuts the sent waste and discharges it to the field as cuttings.

  However, if the dust and cuttings discharged from the above-mentioned combine are discharged to the uncut area on the left side in the advancing direction of the fuselage when cutting around, the cut area side (right side) will be used when cutting the next process. May be hooked and taken in by a weed plate located at the top or a pulling device, which may cause clogging of the cutting part and the threshing part. In addition, dust and cuttings may be used as fertilizer by being poured into the soil, or may be collected by a roll baler and used as roughage after being dried in the sun.

  When the former dust and cuttings are put into the soil and used as fertilizer, it is desirable to distribute the dust and cuttings uniformly in the field in order to make the fertilizer effect on the field uniform. In addition, the shorter the length of the cutting, the higher the degree of burial at the time of pouring, and the ripening is promoted. Moreover, cuttings that are not buried float on the surface of the water and are blown by the wind, resulting in missing stocks at the time of rice planting. However, if the length of the cuttings is short, they are buried and prevent these obstacles. it can.

  On the other hand, when the latter dust removal and cuttings are used as roughage, it is desirable that the dust and cuttings are gathered together in the field in order to efficiently perform the collection work with a roll baler or the like. In addition, in order to increase the collection rate of dust and cuts, it is desirable that no cuts be made. However, it is assumed that dust or cuts that cannot be collected or cannot be collected will be poured into the soil afterwards. Thus, it is necessary to make the length of the cutting bar minimum that can be collected by a roll baler or the like.

  Therefore, a combine equipped with a disk-type cutter with a variable cutting length that can be cut into a short length when cutting into the soil and used as a fertilizer, and when cutting into a roughage, is used. Has been developed. In addition, there is known a combine equipped with a disk-type cutter provided with a diffusion guide device for diffusing and discharging short cuts into a field scene for the purpose of cutting the cuts into the soil and using them as fertilizer. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4596310

  By the way, the combine described in the above-mentioned patent document 1 is provided with a stock guide plate that guides the cutting flow toward the right side, which is the cutting edge side when cutting the cutting edge, that is, the side of the cutting edge, at the bottom of the disk-type cutter. Therefore, the cutting operation can be performed without hooking the discharged cutting bar by the cutting unit in the next step. In addition, by providing a diffusion guide plate that diffuses and guides cuttings in the direction of the cutter axis, especially toward the tip, the bulky cuttings on the stock base side are widely dispersed and discharged to the tip side to make the cuttings into a substantially uniform layer. It has been excellent in terms of being able to.

  However, when the disc type cutter is changed to a disc type cutter with a variable cutting length that can switch the cutting length of the culvert, and the chopping is cut to be used as a roughage, Since it is widely dispersed and discharged by the diffusion guide plate, there is a problem that when the collection work is performed with a roll baler or the like, this becomes a trap and it takes time to collect cuttings and the like, and the collection work cannot be performed efficiently. .

  In this case, the upper end edge of the diffusion guide plate is inclined toward the front lower side, so that it is difficult to be caught even if the cutting bar falls, and it is easy to slide down. The space formed between the right and left diffusion guide plates is naturally longer than the length of the cutting bar. A series of cutting rods becomes longer than the space, sandwiched between the left and right diffusion guide plates, and cutting rods that fall one after another are stuck in a bridge shape. Furthermore, the length of the cutting bar is not necessarily the length between the adjacent large-diameter saw blades of the cutter, but if the waste is bent and scraped, it is about 1.5 times longer than the cutting length of the cutter. There is also a cutting board, which is a factor causing the above-mentioned catch and stacking.

  Therefore, in view of the above-described problems, the present invention, when cutting and discharging the waste with a disk-type cutter, widely distributes and discharges the waste to the cut ground to make a substantially uniform layer. In addition, when cutting in long cuts, the cut pieces can be gathered together and discharged without being dispersed, and further, as a result of the long cut pieces being caught or stacked by closing the fall space It is an object to provide a combine that can prevent cutter clogging.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention firstly combines a cutting-type variable disc-type cutter that can switch the cutting length of the waste into a short and short, the cutting side cut by the cutter is the tip side, Alternatively, the dispersion plate that guides the flow toward the stocker side is provided movably at an operation position that faces the dropping position of the cutting rod and a non-operation position that deviates from the dropping position.

  In the present invention, secondly, the dispersion plate is attached to an openable / closable lower cover provided below the cutter, and when the waste is cut short, the lower cover is closed and the waste is cut long. In this case, the lower cover is opened, and the dispersion plate is moved to the working position facing the dropping position of the cutting bar and the non-working position deviating from the dropping position.

  Further, according to the present invention, thirdly, the dispersion plate is formed by an upper dispersion plate and a lower dispersion plate in which the flow guide surface of the cutting rod is continuously connected, and the upper dispersion plate is fixed below the cutter. The lower dispersion plate is attached to a lower cover that can be freely opened and closed.

  And fourthly, the present invention blows away the cuttings cut by the cutter toward the rear side obliquely downward by the exhaust air of the dust exhaust fan, and when the cutting waste is cut long, the dispersion plate is removed. It is moved to a non-operation position that is out of the exhaust air passage of the dust fan.

  According to the combine of the present invention, the dispersion plate that guides the cutting bar cut by the cutter toward the tip side or the stock side, the working position facing the dropping position of the cutting pad and the non-working position deviating from the dropping position By providing it movably, the cutting board can be widely dispersed and discharged on the cutting area by the dispersion plate when cutting the cutting board into short cuts to form a substantially uniform layer. In addition, when cutting long, the dispersion plate is not acted on, and the cuttings can be dropped and discharged together, and the long cuttings are caught on the dispersion plate or stacked between the dispersion plates, resulting in clogging of the cutter. Can be prevented.

  In addition, the dispersion plate is attached to an openable and closable lower cover provided below the cutter, and the lower cover is closed when the waste is cut short, and the lower cover is opened when the waste is cut long. Is moved to the working position facing the dropping position of the cutting bar and the non-working position deviating from the dropping position, the plurality of dispersing plates can be moved to the working position and the non-acting position at the same time, and the dispersing plate can be attached. It becomes easy and manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Furthermore, the dispersion plate is formed by an upper dispersion plate and a lower dispersion plate in which the flow guide surface of the cutting rod is continuous, and the upper dispersion plate is attached to a lower cover fixed below the cutter. When attached to the lower cover that can be freely opened and closed, the length of the flow guide surface can be lengthened to increase the discharge distance of the cuttings, and a large amount of cuttings flow down and get caught or pile up between the dispersion plates, resulting in clogging of the cutter. It is possible to move only the lower dispersion plate that is liable to cause an action position and a non-action position. In addition, even when the lower cover that can be opened and closed for weight reduction is made of a synthetic resin, it is possible to reinforce by engaging the upper end of the lower dispersion plate with the lower end of the upper dispersion plate. It is possible to prevent falling down and make the cuttings flow smoothly.

  And, the cutting board cut by the cutter is blown away obliquely downward on the rear side by the exhaust air of the dust exhaust fan, and when the exhaust pipe is cut long, the dispersion plate is removed from the exhaust air passage of the dust exhaust fan. When moved to the non-acting position, the cuttings do not act on the dispersion plate and are not caught, so that the cutting operation from the dispersion plate is unnecessary and the cutting operation can be performed efficiently.

It is a right view of a combine. It is a front view of a combine. It is a top view of a combine. It is a schematic diagram of a threshing part. It is a right view of a disk type cutter in a state where a movable cover is closed. It is a rear view same as the above. It is a left side view same as the above. It is a front view same as the above. It is the left sectional view cut | disconnected by the GG line | wire in FIG. It is a right view of a disk type cutter in a state where a movable cover is opened. It is a rear view same as the above. It is a left side view same as the above. It is a front view same as the above. It is the left sectional view cut | disconnected by the HH line | wire in FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the combine 1 that simultaneously performs cutting, threshing, selection of cocoons, and culling processing is a self-removable combine that is a four-crop harvester with a multi-cylinder-handled axial threshing unit. The driving operation part A covered with the cabin 4 is provided at the front right side of the vehicle body traveling direction of the traveling frame 3 provided with the left and right crawler type traveling devices 2 at the lower part, and from the left front part to the front of the driving operation part A The cutting part B is provided so as to be movable up and down by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). Further, a threshing portion C is provided behind the reaping portion B, and a harvesting portion D is provided on the right side of the threshing portion C. In addition, a waste treatment device E is provided behind the threshing portion C and the harvesting portion D.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of each part will be described. The driving operation unit A has a seat 6 attached to the upper surface of an engine cover 5 that covers an engine (not shown), and an operation column 8 erected from a floor 7 in front of the seat 6 has an instrument panel. And the like, and a multi-steering lever 10 for performing a turning operation of the fuselage and a raising / lowering operation of the cutting part B are provided. A side panel 11 provided on the left side of the seat 6 has a main transmission lever 12 for operating a traveling hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (traveling HST) and a sub-shift for operating a traveling sub-transmission mechanism provided in the transmission case. A lever 13, an automatic switch 14 for turning on and off automatic handling depth control, automatic direction control, and horizontal automatic control, a threshing / cutting switch 15, or a selection dial 16 are provided.

  Further, the cutting part B includes a transmission frame 17 that is formed in a substantially letter shape by combining an input case, a stockholder case, a lower transmission case, and the like, a pretreatment frame 18 that is attached to both ends of the lower transmission case, and the like. A large and small weed plate (divider) 19 is attached to the tip of the five weed pipes of the pretreatment frame 18. In addition, a narrowing guide 20 extends rearwardly on the left and right weeding plates 19 and is raised between the left and right large weeding plates 19 so that a chain with a claw is wound in a case 21. Two assemblies 22 are paired so as to face each other.

  Further, a reciprocating type cutting blade 23 is provided horizontally on the rear side of the pretreatment frame 18, and two sets of star wheels that mesh with each other in pairs are formed on the cutting blade 23. A scraping device 24 composed of a belt with protrusions is provided. Further, a lifting and conveying device 25 is provided from the scraping device 24 toward the threshing section C. The lifting and conveying device 25 includes left and right scraped conveying chains, left and right tip conveying chains provided with claws, and a handling depth. Consists of a transfer chain, a stock auxiliary transfer chain, and a clamping guide and a guide plate thereof.

  And in this cutting part B, the cereals to be planted in the field are divided into the cutting cereals and the uncut cereals by the weed plate 19 and the narrow guide 20 provided at the lower front end of the cutting part B, and then left and right If the culm that has entered between the grass plates 19 is raised and is in a lying state by the claws of the device 22, it is raised to an upright state, and then the culm stock is cut by the cutting blade 23, The cereals of every two strips scraped backward by the setting device 24 are merged by the left and right setting conveying chains and the tip conveying chain of the lifting conveying device 25, and the threshing part C is further processed by the handling depth conveying chain. It is conveyed to the threshing part C while adjusting the handling depth supplied to.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the threshing portion C has a handling chamber 27 formed on an upper part of a machine frame including a front and rear wall, left and right side walls, a bottom plate, a cylinder cover 26 covering the upper side, and the like. Of the threshing feed chain 28 that conveys the cereals that have been conveyed from the cutting part B along the handling opening, the first handling cylinder 30 that includes the handling teeth 29 that are planted around the circumference, and the first handling cylinder 30. A receiving net 31 having a semicircular shape provided below is provided. In addition, a processing chamber 32 for processing sawdust mixed with grains that could not be shattered in the processing chamber 27 is provided in parallel from the rear end tip side of the first handling barrel 30 toward the rear of the machine body. Yes. In the processing chamber 32, a second handling cylinder 33 and a receiving net 34 are provided.

  The second handling cylinder 33 is provided with a spiral 33a on the front side, a large number of teeth 33b is implanted on the rear side, and a jumping plate 33c is provided on the rear part. By rotating, the processed material supplied into the processing chamber 32 is again subjected to the degranulation process. In addition, a dust feed port is provided at the inlet of the processing chamber 32, and a dust exhaust port is provided at the outlet so that dust is discharged directly from the processing chamber 32 to the outside of the apparatus. Further, below the first and second handling cylinders 30 and 33, a sorting unit including a swing sorting body 35 and a sorting air passage 36 for sorting grains and the like leaked from the receiving nets 31 and 34 is provided. ing.

  Here, the rocking sorter 35 is provided in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes to the rear end side, in order from the front end side thereof is a non-porous Glen pan 37, a chaff sheave 38 made up of a large number of fins, and a large number of saw-toothed shapes. It is composed of a Strollac 39 having racks arranged side by side and an integral frame body provided with a crimp net 40 below the chaff sheave 38 so that the entire swing sorting body 35 swings back and forth by a swing mechanism. It has become.

  On the other hand, the sorting air passage 36 has a wind-generating action by a tang fan 41 provided below the front end side of the swinging sorter 35 and a turbo fan 42 provided below the central portion, and a crossing provided above the rear end opening of the sorting portion. The first and second object sorting air passages 36a and 36b formed by the suction action of the dust exhaust fan (suction fan) 43, which is a flow fan, are configured to oscillate. In combination with the above, what has leaked from the receiving nets 31 and 34 is sorted into straw and sawdust by two methods of wind selection and rocking. In addition, dusts such as sawdust and dust sucked by the dust exhaust fan 43 are discharged to the rear of the threshing portion C through dust exhaust ports 44 formed in the upper and lower fan casings 43a and 43b.

  Furthermore, below the crimping net 40 of the rocking sorter 35, the first helix 45 for collecting the first object sorted by the rocking sorting action and the wind sorting action of the sorting wind and the second thing for collecting the second thing. A first receiving rod 47 and a second receiving rod 48 having a spiral 46 are provided. And the first thing (grain) laterally fed by the first helix 45 is transferred to the Glen tank 50 which constitutes the harvesting part D by the hulling helix 49 built in the hulling cylinder, and by the second helix 46. The second product (unselected grain, sawdust, etc.) that has been laterally fed is reduced again onto the chaff sheave 38 by the second reduction spiral 51 that is built in the reduction cylinder. In addition, the grain tank 50 can temporarily store the grain, and thereafter, the grain can be discharged out of the machine by the discharge auger 52 or can be taken out into the bag using a shutter and a hanger provided at the lower part.

  Further, above the rear end side of the swinging sorter 35, a waste transporting device 53 that transports the waste discharged from the handling chamber 27 after completion of the threshing process toward the waste processing device E provided at the rear. Is provided. The waste transporting device 53 has a start end facing the terminal end of the threshing feed chain 28, and a transport terminating end is obliquely directed toward the inside of the machine body. Further, the tip side is configured to be conveyed by a chain with a claw, and in particular, the chain with a claw on the tip side performs an action of spreading and hitting the tip simultaneously with the conveyance on the tip side, and a stab particle is provided below 4 It collects at the 4th exit through the funnel to prevent splashing outside the machine.

  Therefore, in the threshing section C, the cereals conveyed by the lifting and conveying device 25 of the reaping section B are nipped and conveyed by the threshing feed chain 28 and the nipping rails 54 provided in the cylinder cover 26, and the tip side is inside the handling chamber 27. Thus, the grain removal process is performed by the rotation of the first handling cylinder 30. While threshing moves backward in the handling chamber 27, grains and the like (grains, branch rachis, shavings, etc.) leak from the lower receiving net 31 on the rocking sorter 35. It is sent to the rear side while receiving the swinging action. At this time, the grains and the like pass through the lower crimp net 40 while being subjected to the wind selection action by the sorting air passage 36 and are collected in the first receiving rod 47 through the first helix 45 and the cereal helix 49. It is discharged to the Glen tank 50 that constitutes the harvesting part D.

  In addition, the sawdust is transferred to the Strollac 39 while being subjected to the wind-selecting action while being sent backward while receiving the swinging action by the chaff sheave 38, and heavy things such as cuttings are transferred between the chaff sheave 38. From the rear end of the crimp net 40 and collected in the second receiving rod 48 or dropped from between the racks of the Strollac 39 and collected in the second receiving rod 48. Then, the second product collected in the second receiving rod 48 is inherited from the second spiral 46 to the second reduction spiral 51 and is reduced again onto the chaff sheave 38.

On the other hand, swarf and cuttings that have not passed through the receiving net 31 are subjected to a second degranulation process by the second handling cylinder 33 in the processing chamber 32 through the dust feed port from the end of the handling chamber 27, Grains etc. leak through the receiving net 34 and fall onto the lower swing sorting body 35, but the sawdust etc. that have not passed through the receiving net 34 are ejected from the dust outlet at the rear end, It is directed downward by the exhaust air of the dust exhaust fan 43 that exhausts the dust together with the lighter specific gravity of long straw and swarf remaining on the Strollac 39 to the end, and discharged from the dust outlet to the rear of the threshing section C Is done. Then, the waste discharged from the handling chamber 27 is transferred from the terminal portion of the threshing feed chain 28 to the waste chain and the claw chain and transferred to the waste processing apparatus E.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 14, the waste disposal apparatus E is constituted by a disc-type cutter (a waste cutter) 55 having a variable cutting length that can switch the shredding length of the waste to a long or short side. ing. The disk-type cutter 55 is used to chop the sewage conveyed from the threshing part C by the scouring / conveying device 53 and discharge it as cuttings to the cutting area. The disk-type cutter 55 is disposed at the upper part on the front side. A cutter frame is provided in which left and right side plates 57 and 58 formed in a rectangular shape are integrally welded to both ends of the provided square pipe 56.

  The disc-type cutter 55 is provided with a pin 60 at the tip of the upper and lower support brackets 59 protruding outward from the right side plate 58 of the cutter frame, and on the other hand, a boss of a post (not shown) erected on the right side of the traveling frame 3. The pin 60 is inserted and pivoted to the part, and the hook part 56a provided on the left end side of the square pipe 56 is engaged with the pin 61 provided on the flange at the rear end of the side wall of the threshing part C from the rear, Furthermore, it can fix to the working posture closed behind the threshing part C using the clamp 62 attached to the said side wall. Further, when the clamp 62 is released and the cutter 55 is rotated rearward around the boss portion of the support column, the front side of the cutter 55 is opened so as to face sideward, so that the maintenance of the cutter 55 can be easily performed. it can.

  In addition, the disk-type cutter 55 is provided with an introduction port 63 for introducing the waste dropped from the terminal end of the waste transporting device 53 into the cutter frame at the upper part, and at the lower part, the discharge port for discharging the cut waste. 64 is provided. Further, a drive unit for the cutter 55 is provided on the outer surface side of the left side plate 57 of the cutter frame. The drive unit includes a saw blade shaft 65 that is pivotally supported by a bearing holder attached to the left side plate 57, an intermediate shaft 67 that is provided on a bracket 66 that is attached to the left side plate 57, and a counter that is pivotally supported on the end of the intermediate shaft 67. A pulley 69 and a drive sprocket attached to a saw blade shaft 65, a tight pulley 71 of a V-belt 70 wound around the pulley 69, and a follower attached to an intermediate shaft 67. A sprocket and a drive gear 72, a chain wound around the sprockets of the saw blade shaft 65 and the intermediate shaft 67, a driven gear 73 attached to a scraping shaft 68 that meshes with the drive gear 72 of the intermediate shaft 67, and the like.

  The saw blade shaft 65 is pivotally supported by the left side plate 57 and the right side plate 58, and a plurality of large diameter saw blades 74a and small diameter saw blades 74b are assembled in the axial direction. And a counter metal pivotally supported on the right side plate 58, and a plurality of scissors blades 75 are assembled in the axial direction thereof. The saw blade shaft 65 and the scoring shaft 68 are driven at a predetermined peripheral speed by the drive unit. Rotating inward in opposite directions with a difference, the waste supplied from the introduction port 63 is cut by the saw blades 74a and 74b and the scraping blade 75. Further, when the left and right counter metals are rotated via the cutting length switching lever 76, the rotation shaft, and the link, the position of the scraping shaft 68 is changed around the intermediate shaft 67. Switch between the state where only the large-diameter saw blade 74a intersects (long cut), the state where the small-diameter saw blade 74b also intersects (short cut), or the state where neither the large-diameter saw blade 74a nor the small-diameter saw blade 74b intersect. The chopping length of the scissors can be changed to a longer or shorter length, or the maintenance can be performed by separating the scraping blade 75 from the saw blades 74a and 74b.

  Further, the front of the cutter frame is a front cover 77, the rear is a safety cover 78, and the outside of the left drive unit, the upper side and the rear are the left side cover 79, the outer side of the right side plate 58 on the other side, The upper side and the rear side are covered with a right side cover 80. In addition, the introduction port 63 is turned into a cutting processing posture in which the introduction port 63 is opened to allow the introduction of waste, and a non-cutting treatment posture in which the introduction port 63 is closed to restrict the introduction of waste. A flexible waste / cutter switching plate 81 is provided, and this waste / cutter switching plate 81 is supported on the rear end edge of the introduction port 63 through a support shaft 82 so as to be rotatable up and down. The waste / cutter switching plate 81 is held at a predetermined opening angle and guides the introduction of waste on the lower surface thereof, while the waste / cutter switching plate 81 in the non-cutting processing posture is rejected by its upper surface inclination. It also functions as a guide member that guides to the rear of the cutter 55 and discharges it to the rear of the machine as it is.

  An introduction guide plate 84 is provided at the front edge of the introduction port 63 so as to be pivotable up and down via a support shaft 83. The introduction guide plate 84 extends from the front end of the introduction port 63 to the inside of the cutter 55. The cutting processing posture that extends in a slanted manner and introduces and guides the waste, and the non-cutting processing posture that closes the front end portion of the introduction port 63 and supports the front end portion of the waste and cutter switching plate 81 in contact with each other. It is configured to transform freely. The waste / cutter switching plate 81 and the introduction guide plate 84 are linked so as to open and close in conjunction with an operation of a switching plate opening / closing lever (not shown). The waste / cutter switching plate 81 can be completely moved backward by the switching plate opening / closing lever. In this case, cleaning from the rear surface of the cutter 55 and confirmation of the cutter blade portion and the waste chain end portion can be performed. it can.

  On the other hand, a lower cover is provided on the lower side of the discharge port 64 of the cutter 55, and this lower cover regulates the diffusion region of the cutting pieces cut by the cutter 55. That is, the lower cover includes an iron plate fixed cover 85 attached to the rear surfaces of the left and right side plates 57, 58, an iron plate upper cover 86a attached to the lower side of the fixed cover 85 via a hinge, and the upper cover 86a. A movable cover 86 made of a synthetic resin lower cover 86b integrally attached to the lower end of the upper cover 86a, a left cover 87 provided below the left plate 57, and an upper plate 88a attached to the right end of the upper cover 86a. And a lower plate 88b rotatably attached to the lower edge of the upper plate 88a via a hinge and a right cover 88 comprising a front plate 88c attached to the front edge of the lower plate 88b.

  Here, the details of each of the above covers will be described. First, the lower plate 88b of the right cover 88 is bent with its rear side directed substantially inward at a right angle, and a guide surface 88d facing left and right and a guide surface 88e facing front. Is formed. Then, a nut-attached plate 89 is attached to the inner surface of the lower plate 88b of the right cover 88. On the other hand, an arc-shaped elongated hole 86c formed in the lower cover 86b is screwed into a nut provided on the plate 89 through a knob bolt 90 from the rear. Thus, the right cover 88 can be fixed by adjusting the angle from the suspended state to the state inclined about 45 degrees toward the right side on the already-cut ground side.

  The left cover 87 is pivotally supported by a bracket attached to the front surface of the lower cover 86b via a hinge, and a plate 91 with a nut is attached to the rear edge on the lower end side, similar to the right cover 88. The left cover 87 is 45 degrees from the hung state toward the right side of the already cut ground side by being screwed into the arc-shaped elongated hole 86d formed in the lower cover 86b through the knob bolt 92 and the nut provided on the plate 91 from behind. The angle can be adjusted and fixed until it is tilted to some extent. Usually, the right cover 88 is fastened with the maximum inclination toward the already-cut ground, and the left cover 87 is fastened in a suspended state, whereby the cuttings cut by the cutter 55 are cut off by the left cover 87. The right cover 88 prevents the cuttings from spreading to the right side of the already-cut area.

  In addition, the fixed cover 85 is attached to the front side thereof with a bolt at the rear edge so that the two upper dispersion plates 93 and 93 face the front side while being spaced apart in the left-right direction. The upper dispersion plate 93 is inclined such that its upper edge is inclined to the front, rear, and height so that it slides forward even if the cutting is caught on the upper edge, and the cutting guide 93a of the cutting is already provided. Inclined to the right with a predetermined width so as to face the right side of the mowing area, the lower end side is bent 93b vertically, the sandwiched plate 93c is welded to the bent portion 93b in a U-shape, and the bent portion A slit that opens downward is formed between the lower end of 93b and the lower end of sandwiching plate 93c.

  Further, on the front surface side of the movable cover 86, two lower dispersion plates 94, 94 for guiding the cutting flow in series following the upper dispersion plates 93, 93 of the fixed cover 85, and one lower movable dispersion. A plate 95 is attached. And the upper end side bent in the up-down direction of one lower dispersion plate 94 is inserted into a slit formed at the lower end of the upper dispersion plate 93 so that the cutout is not caught by this takeover portion. The front end side of the dispersion plate 94 is prevented from falling. Similarly to the upper dispersion plate 93, the lower dispersion plate 94 is tilted to the right at an angle of about 45 degrees with a predetermined width so that the flow guide surface 94a of the cutting bar faces the right direction on the already cut ground side. Yes.

  Further supplementally, the lower dispersion plate 94 is attached to the synthetic resin lower cover 86b of the movable cover 86 and the front end side is in a swinging state, so that the front end side easily falls to the left and right. . However, it can be reinforced by engaging it with a slit of the upper dispersion plate 93 that can be firmly attached to the fixed cover 85 made of iron plate. Further, by continuously connecting the flow guide surfaces 93a, 93b, 94a of the upper dispersion plate 93 and the lower dispersion plate 94, the discharge distance (L1 + L2) of the cuttings to the already cut ground side is lengthened to widen the cuttings. Can be diffused.

  Further, the lower movable dispersion plate 95 is attached to a fulcrum bolt 96 provided on the upper end side of the movable cover 86 so that the upper side of the rear edge is freely rotatable, and is rearwardly attached to an arc-shaped elongated hole 86e formed in the lower cover 86b. From below, the lower movable dispersion plate 95 is screwed into a nut provided in the middle of the rear edge of the lower movable dispersion plate 95, so that the lower movable dispersion plate 95 is tilted about 45 degrees toward the left side on the uncut ground side. The angle can be adjusted and fixed.

  Usually, the lower movable dispersion plate 95 is fastened in a state where the lower movable dispersion plate 95 is tilted maximally toward the uncut region, whereby the cuttings cut by the cutter 55 are uncut by the flow guide surface 95a of the lower movable dispersion plate 95. It is released to the side, and as a whole, the lower cover can spread the cuttings widely so that the layer thickness is uniform in the cut area. In addition, since the upper end side of the lower movable dispersion plate 95 is located so as to be hidden under the upper dispersion plate 93, it is possible to prevent catching of cuttings falling from above.

  On the other hand, as described above, the movable cover 86 is rotatably attached to the lower edge of the fixed cover 85 via a hinge. Further, the upper plate 88a of the right cover 88 is attached to the right end portion of the upper cover 86a. Further, an arc-shaped elongated hole a is formed in the upper plate 88a of the right cover 88, and this upper plate 88a is attached to the right side cover 80. If it is inserted inside the lower right side cover 98 provided on the lower side and the tip end side of the knob bolt 99 provided on the lower right side cover 98 is tightened into a nut provided on the right plate 58 through the elongated hole a of the upper plate 88a. The movable cover 86 can be fastened by switching between a closed state in which the movable cover 86 is suspended via the upper plate 88a of the right cover 88 and a released state in which the movable cover 86 is opened rearward.

  A sliding plate 100 in which two arc-shaped elongated holes 100a and 100b are formed is attached to the front surface on the left end side of the movable cover 86, and a support plate 101 is attached to the lower end of the left side plate 57. The plate 100 is superposed on the outside of the support plate 101, and the wing nut 102 is screwed into the bolt of the support plate 101 through the elongated holes 100a and 100b, thereby fastening and supporting the left side of the movable cover 86 so as to be freely opened and closed. Yes.

  Therefore, when the movable cover 86 is released, the lower dispersion plates 94 and 94 and the lower movable dispersion plate 95 are retracted backward from the working position for dispersing the cuttings up to the left and right, thereby performing the dispersing action of the cuttings. It can be moved (displaced) to a non-operating position. By the way, when the cuttings cut by the cutter 55 are discharged to the cutting ground, and then the cuttings are spread into the soil and used as fertilizer, the cuttings are uniformly diffused in the field and the cuttings are ripened. Short cut to promote. In addition, when the cuttings are dried in the sun and then collected by a roll baler or the like and used as roughage, they are cut together for easy collection, and are cut for the purpose of reducing collection loss.

  Therefore, when used as the former fertilizer, the cutter 55 is switched to a short cut (cutting length of about 60 mm), and the cutting operation is performed by switching to the closed state in which the movable cover 86 is suspended. In this case, the waste is shredded by the cutter 55 and falls downward from the discharge port 64, but the exhaust air that comes out of the dust discharge fan 43 of the threshing section C is blown to the fan casing 43 a on the upper side of the dust discharge port 44. Along the upper side of the front cover 77 of the cutter 55 toward the lower end of the movable cover 86 diagonally below the rear side, the falling cuttings are the upper dispersion plates 93, 93, the lower dispersion plates 94, 94, and the lower movable plate. It is blown off on the flow guide surface of the dispersion plate 95, and the cutting blades are dispersed and discharged to the already-cut or uncut region by these dispersion plates. And this makes it possible to widely spread the cuttings in the cut-off area so that the layer thickness is uniform.

  When the latter is used as the roughage, the cutter 55 is switched to a long cut (cutting length of about 180 mm), and the movable cover 86 is switched to the open state opened rearward to perform the cutting operation. In this case, the cuttings that fall due to the exhausted air coming out of the dust exhaust fan 43 of the threshing section C are blown somewhat on the flow guide surfaces of the upper dispersion plates 93, 93, but the lower dispersion plates 94, 94 and the lower movable plate are movable. Since the dispersion plate 95 is retracted rearward from the discharge air path R, it does not fall on these flow guide surfaces, so that the cuttings are dispersed on the already-cut or uncut ground side. Will not be released, but will fall together with the exhausted wind. In addition, when a long cut piece is passed between the two lower dispersion plates 94, 94, the cut pieces are stacked in a bridge shape in the space formed between the two dispersion plates 94, 94, and the cutter is clogged. In the worst case, the saw blade shaft 65 or the like may be broken. However, since the long cut bar is not passed between the lower dispersion plates 94 and 94, such a failure is prevented in advance. can do.

  The lower dispersion plates 94, 94 and the lower movable dispersion plate 95 are attached to the movable cover 86. However, the lower dispersion plates 94, 94 and the lower movable dispersion plate 95 are not necessarily attached to the movable cover 86. It may be attached to a shaft pivotally supported on the side plates 57 and 58 so that it can be switched freely between an operating state facing the lower side of the discharge port 64 of the cutter 55 and a non-operating state retracted backward. It is necessary to simultaneously switch between a closed state in which the movable cover 86 is also suspended and an open state in which the movable cover 86 is opened rearward. Further, if the lower dispersion plates 94, 94 and the lower movable dispersion plate 95 are configured to be folded along the front surface of the movable cover 86 so as to be in an inoperative state, the movable cover 86 need not be specially rotated. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

1 Combine 43 Dust exhaust fan 55 Disc cutter 86 Movable cover (lower cover)
93 Upper dispersion plate 94 Lower dispersion plate 95 Lower movable dispersion plate

Claims (4)

  In a combine provided with a disc-type cutter with a variable cutting length that can switch the cutting length of the waste into a short and long, a dispersion plate that guides the cutting cut by the cutter toward the tip or the stock side, A combine that is movably provided at an operating position facing the falling position of the cutting bar and a non-operating position deviating from the falling position.   The dispersion plate is attached to an openable and closable lower cover provided below the cutter, and when the waste is cut short, the lower cover is closed, and when the waste is cut long, the lower cover is opened. 2. The combine according to claim 1, wherein the combine is moved to an action position facing the dropping position of the cutting bar and a non-action position deviating from the drop position.   The dispersion plate is formed by an upper dispersion plate and a lower dispersion plate in which the flow guide surface of the cutting rod is continuous. The upper dispersion plate is attached to a lower cover fixed below the cutter, and the lower dispersion plate is opened and closed. The combine according to claim 2, wherein the combine is attached to a free lower cover.   When the cutting blade cut by the cutter is blown away obliquely downward on the rear side by the exhaust air of the dust exhaust fan, and when the exhaust pipe is cut long, the dispersion plate is removed from the exhaust air passage of the dust exhaust fan. The combine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the combine is moved to an operating position.

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