JP2015067899A - Raw material supply device, flash furnace and operation method of flash furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To stabilize reaction of concentrates in a reaction shaft.SOLUTION: A raw material supply device 1 includes: a hollow circular truncated cone-shaped dispersion cone 15 that is formed in the lower end of a lance 16 above a reaction shaft 3 and allows gas for dispersion to pass therethrough; a first passage 11 that discharges the gas for dispersion to the radially outside of the dispersion cone 15; and a fourth passage 14 and a discharge direction adjustment chip 40 that discharge auxiliary gas for reaction from a bottom of the dispersion cone 15 in an oblique direction intersecting with the normal direction and the radial direction of a bottom circle of the dispersion cone 15. Consequently, concentrates that are blown away in the horizontal direction by the gas for dispersion and brought into contact with main supply gas for reaction are quickly mixed with the auxiliary gas for reaction in comparison with the case of discharging the auxiliary gas for reaction from the bottom of the dispersion cone 15 in the normal direction (vertical direction) of the bottom circle of the dispersion cone 15, whereby reaction in the reaction shaft 3 can be stabilized.

Description

  The present invention relates to a raw material supply apparatus, a flash smelting furnace, and a method for operating the flash smelting furnace.

  A flash smelting furnace is a smelting furnace used for smelting of non-ferrous metals such as copper and nickel, and mat processing smelting. It is a furnace that uses the heat of oxidation of the raw material to the maximum by blowing gas and instantaneously performs oxidative melting. In the flash smelting furnace, an apparatus for supplying raw materials and reaction gas into the furnace plays an important role in determining the performance of the flash smelting furnace. The performance of this raw material supply apparatus affects the reaction efficiency and reaction progress of the raw material in the reaction shaft, and as a result, affects the processing capacity and metal yield (metal loss) of the flash smelting furnace. It is desirable that the reaction in the reaction shaft in the flash smelting furnace is prompt and all the raw materials react uniformly and with the same degree of reaction progress. Moreover, it is desirable that all the raw materials and reaction gas supplied into the furnace complete the reaction in the reaction shaft. In order to complete this reaction at an early stage and uniformly with no unevenness, it is important to positively and uniformly mix the raw material and the reaction gas.

  Recently, in order to disperse concentrate, a technology is known in which gas is blown from the disperser provided at the tip of the concentrate burner toward the flow of solid material (concentrate) that goes down the outside of the disperser. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese translation of PCT publication 2010-538162

  However, even if the dispersing device as described above is used, there is concentrate that wraps around the concentrate burner. In addition, the concentrate that wraps around the lower side of the concentrate burner has little contact with the reaction gas, so the reaction does not complete quickly and the reaction in the reaction shaft may become unstable. .

  This invention is made | formed in view of said subject, and it aims at providing the raw material supply apparatus which can stabilize reaction in a shaft part, a flash smelting furnace, and the operating method of a flash smelting furnace.

  The raw material supply device of the present invention is a raw material supply device for supplying a raw material into a flash smelting furnace and supplying a gas contributing to dispersion and reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace, wherein A hollow frustum-shaped dispersion cone formed in the tip of the first gas, and a first discharge means for discharging the first gas radially outward of the dispersion cone; Second discharge means for discharging the second gas from the bottom surface in an oblique direction intersecting with each of the normal direction of the bottom circle of the dispersion cone and the radial direction.

  In this case, the second discharge means may discharge the second gas in a direction having an intersection angle of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 ° to 60 ° from the normal direction. Good. If the angle is less than 30 ° (especially less than 10 °) from the normal direction, it is effective because there is no significant difference in the reactivity between the gas discharged in the normal direction (0 °) and the ore that wraps around the bottom of the cone. is not. Also, when it exceeds 60 ° from the normal direction (especially when it exceeds 80 °), the reaction with the raw material that has entered the cone bottom proceeds in an area close to the cone bottom, and the temperature of the cone bottom rises. It melts down. Alternatively, it is not preferable because the casting at the bottom of the cone develops, the gas flow at the bottom of the cone changes and the reactivity is not stable. In addition, the dispersion gas discharged in the radial direction of the cone bottom disk is close to the discharge direction, and the heat to the reaction shaft ceiling is increased by increasing the gas discharge vector in the horizontal direction at the bottom of the concentrate burner, that is, in the cone bottom radial direction. There is a concern that the load will increase. Further, the second discharge means is provided at a first gas flow path extending in the axial direction of the dispersion cone provided inside the dispersion cone, and at an end of the bottom side of the first gas flow path. And a second gas flow path for discharging the second gas in the oblique direction. In this case, the second gas flow path may be provided in a member that can be attached to and detached from the bottom surface portion of the dispersion cone.

  The flash smelting furnace of the present invention includes the raw material supply apparatus of the present invention.

  In the operation method of the flash smelting furnace of the present invention, the first gas that contributes to the dispersion and reaction of the raw material is discharged from the lance at the upper part of the shaft in the horizontal direction, and the oblique direction intersects each of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The operation method of the flash smelting furnace in which the second gas contributing to the reaction of the raw material is discharged.

  The raw material supply apparatus, the flash smelting furnace, and the operation method of the flash smelting furnace of the present invention have an effect that the reaction in the shaft portion can be stabilized.

It is a figure which shows roughly the structure of the self-melting furnace for copper smelting which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which expands and shows a part of raw material supply apparatus. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the lance, FIG. 3B is a perspective view showing a discharge direction adjusting chip, and FIG. 3C is a bottom view of the discharge direction adjusting chip. It is a figure for demonstrating the discharge angle of the auxiliary gas for reaction. It is a figure which shows typically the relationship between the temperature and oxygen concentration in the lance lower end part vicinity which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the relationship between the temperature in the lance lower end part vicinity, and oxygen concentration when the auxiliary gas for reaction is discharged to a perpendicular direction. FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing a modified example (No. 1) of the discharge direction adjusting chip, and FIG. 7B is a bottom view of the discharge direction adjusting chip of FIG. (C) is sectional drawing which shows the modification (the 2) of a discharge direction adjustment chip | tip, FIG.7 (d) is a bottom view of the discharge direction adjustment chip | tip of FIG.7 (c).

  Hereinafter, the flash smelting furnace according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a copper smelting flash furnace 100 according to an embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the flash smelting furnace 100 includes a raw material supply apparatus 1 and a furnace body 2. The raw material supply apparatus 1 is also called a concentrate burner, and is a concentrate (copper concentrate (CuFeS ₂ or the like)), a main blast gas for reaction, an auxiliary gas for reaction as a second gas, and a first gas. The gas for dispersion (which also contributes to the reaction) is supplied into the furnace body 2. The furnace body 2 includes a reaction shaft 3, a setter 4, and an uptake 5 in which concentrate and reaction gas are mixed. The main blast gas for reaction and the auxiliary gas for reaction are oxygen-enriched air, and the dispersion gas is air or oxygen-enriched air. These reaction gas and dispersion gas disperse the concentrate, simultaneously oxidize it, and separate it into mats and slag at the bottom of the reaction shaft 3.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a part of the raw material supply apparatus 1, and is an explanatory view showing a charging unit 10 for charging the raw material, reaction gas, and dispersion gas to the reaction shaft 3 side.

  The input unit 10 of the raw material supply apparatus 1 includes a lance 16. The lance 16 has a first passage 11 as a first discharge means through which a dispersion gas passes, and a first gas flow path through which a reaction auxiliary gas passes. The fourth passage 14 is formed. As can be seen from FIG. 3A, which is a cross-sectional view of the lance 16, the first passage 11 and the fourth passage 14 are partitioned by a partition wall 16 a. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the charging unit 10 includes a second passage 12 as a raw material flow path provided on the outer periphery of the lance 16 and a reaction gas flow path provided on the outer periphery of the second passage 12. And a third passage 13. Note that the second passage 12 and the third passage 13 are separated by a cylindrical partition wall 21.

  The first passage 11 is a passage for supplying the dispersion gas into the reaction shaft 3, and the lower end portion thereof is a lower portion of the side surface of the hollow frustoconical dispersion cone 15 formed at the distal end portion (lower end portion) of the lance 16. A plurality of supply holes 152 are provided in 151. The dispersion gas that has passed through the first passage 11 is discharged from the plurality of supply holes 152 into the reaction shaft 3. The supply holes 152 are discharged in a substantially horizontal direction (a direction perpendicular to the normal direction of the bottom circle of the dispersion cone (the radial direction of the bottom circle)).

  The second passage 12 supplies concentrate into the reaction shaft 3. The third passage 13 supplies the main blast gas for reaction from the air chamber 17 into the reaction shaft 3.

  The fourth passage 14 supplies the reaction auxiliary gas into the reaction shaft 3. As shown in FIG. 3A, a discharge direction adjusting chip 40 is provided at the lower end of the fourth passage 14. For example, a spiral groove is cut in the outer peripheral surface of the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 and the inner peripheral surface of the partition wall 16a, and the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 is screwed into the partition wall 16a. It shall be.

  FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the discharge direction adjusting chip 40, and FIG. 3C is a bottom view of the discharge direction adjusting chip 40. As shown in FIG. 3B, the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 has a plurality of recesses 42 and a plurality of penetrating holes from the bottom surface of the recess 42 to the lower surface of the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 (in FIGS. 3B and 3C). 5) through-holes 44. For this reason, the auxiliary gas for reaction that has traveled vertically downward in the fourth passage 14 is supplied into the reaction shaft 3 while changing its traveling direction when passing through the discharge direction adjusting chip 40. I'm. Note that the discharge direction of the auxiliary reaction gas discharged into the reaction shaft 3 is an oblique direction intersecting the normal direction (that is, the vertical direction) of the bottom circle of the dispersion cone 15 and the radial direction (horizontal direction) of the bottom circle. It has become. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the discharge direction of the reaction gas is a direction within a range of an intersection angle of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 ° to 60 ° from the vertical direction. ing.

  Next, the reason why the discharge direction of the auxiliary reaction gas in the present embodiment is an oblique direction intersecting the vertical direction and the horizontal direction will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 schematically shows the relationship between the temperature and the oxygen concentration in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the lance 16 of the present embodiment. Moreover, the flow of concentrate, the main blast gas for reaction, the gas for dispersion | distribution, and the auxiliary gas for reaction is shown by the arrow. As shown in FIG. 5, the concentrate is blown off in the horizontal direction by the dispersing gas, but moves along the trajectory indicated by ● and ○ in contact with the main blast gas for reaction. In this case, in the present embodiment, since the reaction auxiliary gas is discharged in an oblique direction intersecting the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, the concentrate and the reaction auxiliary gas are rapidly mixed. The reaction can be stabilized.

  On the other hand, FIG. 6 schematically shows the relationship between the temperature and the oxygen concentration in the vicinity of the lower end of the lance 16 when the auxiliary reaction gas is discharged in the vertical direction. Moreover, the flow of concentrate, the main blast gas for reaction, the gas for dispersion | distribution, and the auxiliary gas for reaction is shown by the arrow. In the example of FIG. 6, the discharge direction of the auxiliary reaction gas is a direction in which contact with the concentrate is difficult (a direction in which contact possibility is low). For this reason, oxygen that reaches the joint between the shaft and the setler in the reaction shaft 3 without prompt contact with the concentrate exists, and as a result, partially peroxidized slag is generated, Metal loss may increase.

  Thus, in this embodiment, the reaction direction in the reaction shaft 3 is compared with the case of FIG. 6 by providing the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 as shown in FIG. 5 and devising the discharge direction of the auxiliary reaction gas. It is possible to stabilize the metal loss and reduce the metal loss.

  As can be seen from the above description, in the present embodiment, the second passage that discharges the auxiliary reaction gas in the oblique direction from the bottom surface of the dispersion cone 15 by the fourth passage 14 and the discharge direction adjusting tip 40. A function as a discharge means is realized. In the present embodiment, the recess 42 of the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 and the through hole 44 realize a function as a second gas flow path for discharging the reaction auxiliary gas in an oblique direction.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, the raw material supply apparatus 1 is formed at the lower end portion of the lance 16 above the reaction shaft 3 and has a hollow truncated cone-shaped dispersion cone 15 through which the dispersion gas passes. The first passage 11 that discharges the dispersion gas to the outside of the dispersion cone 15 in the radial direction and the bottom surface of the dispersion cone 15 reacts in an oblique direction that intersects the normal direction and the radial direction of the bottom circle of the dispersion cone 15, respectively. A fourth passage 14 for discharging the auxiliary gas for discharge and a discharge direction adjusting chip 40. As a result, compared with the case where the reaction auxiliary gas is discharged from the bottom surface of the dispersion cone 15 in the normal direction (vertical direction) of the bottom circle of the dispersion cone 15, the reaction main gas is blown off in the horizontal direction by the dispersion gas. The concentrate in contact with the auxiliary gas for reaction is quickly mixed, so that the reaction in the reaction shaft 3 can be stabilized. Thereby, it is possible to reduce metal loss. In addition, it is possible to suppress melting of the ceiling portion of the reaction shaft 3 due to the reaction frame that occurs when the discharge direction of the reaction auxiliary gas is substantially horizontal.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the discharge direction of the auxiliary reaction gas is a direction having a crossing angle of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 ° to 60 ° from the vertical direction. It is possible to efficiently and quickly mix the concentrate that flows down to the reaction auxiliary gas. Moreover, the melting loss of the ceiling part of the reaction shaft 3 by the reaction frame can be effectively suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 is provided in the fourth passage 14 provided inside the dispersion cone, thereby realizing the discharge of the reaction auxiliary gas in the oblique direction. Thereby, discharge of the auxiliary gas for reaction in the oblique direction can be realized with a simple configuration. Further, since it is only necessary to provide the discharge direction adjusting tip 40 in the fourth passage 14 of the lance 16 that has been conventionally used, the reaction in the reaction shaft 3 can be stabilized without much cost. In addition, since the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 can be attached to and detached from the lance 16, the discharge angle can be appropriately adjusted by replacing the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 with a discharge direction adjusting chip 40 having a different discharge angle of the auxiliary reaction gas. It is.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the discharge direction adjusting tip 40 is not in a state of protruding from the lower surface of the dispersion cone 15, it is possible to suppress casting adhesion near the through-hole 44 that occurs when protruding. it can. Thereby, while being able to reduce an operator burden by maintenance, disturbance of the surrounding gas flow produced when casting adheres can be suppressed, and a stable reaction can be maintained.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the discharge angle of the reaction auxiliary gas is changed by providing the discharge direction adjusting chip 40 on the lance 16 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a wall is provided at the lower end portion of the fourth passage 14 without penetrating the lower end portion of the fourth passage 14 as shown in FIG. 6, and a plurality of through holes extending in the direction intersecting the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are provided in the wall. You may make it form.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the ejection direction adjusting chip 40 has the configuration as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a discharge direction adjusting chip 40 'as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 7A and the bottom view of FIG. 7B may be employed. The discharge direction adjusting chip 40 ′ is formed with a recess 142 and a substantially conical through hole 144, and a substantially conical core 146 is provided inside the through hole 144. The core portion 146 is in a state where the position in the through hole 144 is fixed by a fixing member (not shown). Even when such a discharge direction adjusting chip 40 ′ is employed, the discharge direction of the reaction auxiliary gas is set to a direction having a crossing angle of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 ° to 60 ° from the vertical direction. Therefore, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.

  Further, as the discharge direction adjusting chip, a discharge direction adjusting chip 40 ″ as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 7C and the bottom view of FIG. 7D can be adopted. This discharge direction adjusting chip 40 ″. A recess 242 and a plurality of (four in FIG. 7C and FIG. 7D) slit-like through holes 244 are formed. The through hole 244 extends in a direction inclined with respect to the vertical direction (a direction having a crossing angle of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 ° to 60 ° from the vertical direction). Even if such a discharge direction adjusting chip 40 ″ is employed, the discharge direction of the auxiliary reaction gas is set to a direction having an intersection angle of 10 ° to 80 °, preferably 30 ° to 60 ° from the vertical direction. Therefore, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.

  The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 Raw material supply device 3 Shaft (reaction shaft)
11 1st channel | path (1st discharge means)
14 4th channel | path (1st gas flow path, a part of 2nd discharge means)
15 Dispersion cone 16 Lance 40 Discharge direction adjustment tip (part of second discharge means)
42 Concave portion (part of second gas flow path)
44 Through hole (part of second gas flow path)
100 flash furnace

Claims (7)

A raw material supply apparatus for supplying a raw material into the flash smelting furnace and supplying a gas contributing to dispersion and reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace
A hollow frustum-shaped dispersion cone formed at the tip of the lance at the top of the shaft portion and through which the first gas passes;
First discharge means for discharging the first gas radially outward of the dispersion cone;
A raw material supply apparatus comprising: a second discharge unit that discharges a second gas from a bottom surface of the dispersion cone in an oblique direction intersecting each of a normal direction and a radial direction of a bottom circle of the dispersion cone.   2. The raw material supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second discharge unit discharges the second gas in a direction having an intersection angle of 10 ° to 80 ° from the normal direction.   2. The raw material supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second discharge unit discharges the second gas in a direction having an intersection angle of 30 ° to 60 ° from the normal direction. The second discharge means includes
A first gas flow path provided in the dispersion cone and extending in the axial direction of the dispersion cone;
4. A second gas flow path, which is provided at an end of the first gas flow path on the bottom surface side and discharges the second gas in the oblique direction. 5. The raw material supply apparatus according to claim 1.   The raw material supply apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the second gas flow path is provided in a member that can be attached to and detached from a bottom surface portion of the dispersion cone.   A flash smelting furnace provided with the raw material supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   A first gas that contributes to the dispersion and reaction of the raw material is discharged from the lance at the upper part of the shaft in the horizontal direction, and the second gas that contributes to the reaction of the raw material in an oblique direction intersecting each of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. A method of operating a flash smelting furnace characterized by discharging a slag.

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