JP2015066852A - Correction method for ink jet head and ink jet recording apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a correction method for an ink jet head and an ink jet recording apparatus capable of making the output density uniform among groups of nozzles in the ink jet head.SOLUTION: An ink jet recording apparatus performing droplet amount modulation by a continuous injection drive system is configured to correct the drive voltage in units of groups. When printing is performed, a correction chart is output which contains two or more types of dots with droplet quantities different from each other by applying a dot type distribution process so as to measure the density of the printed correction chart. Correction charts are output with voltage correction values allocated, and the voltage correction value for drive voltage representing the target density is determined on the basis of the density measurement result of each correction chart. The voltage correction value of each group is determined to make uniform the printing density of individual groups constituting an ink jet head.

Description

  The present invention relates to an ink jet head correction method and an ink jet recording apparatus, and more particularly to a correction technique for adjusting a drive voltage for each nozzle group in an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles to correct a difference in ejection characteristics between groups. .

  There are roughly two types of methods for controlling the amount of liquid droplets discharged from the nozzles (discharge liquid amount) in the ink jet recording apparatus. The first method is a continuous drive method that controls the amount of liquid by controlling the number of discharge drive pulses applied to a discharge energy generating element such as a piezoelectric element or a heating element that generates a discharge force (see Patent Document 1). . The second method is a single shot driving method in which the droplet amount is controlled by devising the shape of the driving waveform individually for each droplet amount to be ejected (see Patent Document 2).

  In an ink jet recording apparatus using a line type ink jet head in which a plurality of head modules are arranged to realize a long recordable width, since the ejection characteristics are different for each head module, it is necessary to adjust the output density between the head modules. .

  In Patent Document 3, in a printing system having a line head in which a plurality of head modules are arranged, the relationship between the driving voltage and the density is determined for each head module from the output result of the test pattern when the driving voltage is set in two stages. A technique is described in which a linear expression is obtained, and an appropriate driving voltage for each head module is obtained from the linear expression. Further, in Patent Document 3, when a plurality of size dots can be formed, a test pattern is prepared for each size dot, and a drive voltage of a drive pulse for forming each size dot is set. The method and the point which calculates | requires a suitable drive signal for every medium are described.

JP 2012-250477 A JP 2000-43245 A JP 2010-194754 A

  In the continuous driving method, a plurality of ejection driving pulses form a droplet for one dot, and therefore, one-shot and one-shot ejection characteristic variation due to each ejection driving pulse is superimposed. Therefore, when the droplet volume modulation is performed by the continuous drive method, the ejection characteristics are more likely to vary between the head modules than the single drive method that controls the liquid amount by a single shot. For example, even if the drive voltage is corrected so that the ejection droplet amount when applying one ejection drive pulse is equal for the two head modules, if the number of ejection drive pulses applied by continuous firing increases, The difference in ejected droplet amount between the two head modules becomes large.

  In addition, in the continuous drive method, the drive waveform used for small droplet ejection is included in the waveform for ejecting larger droplet amounts, so different droplet amounts such as small droplets, medium droplets, and large droplets are separately provided. It is difficult to make corrections. For example, when three types of droplet sizes, small droplets, medium droplets, and large droplets, can be ejected, a test chart is output with only one of the droplet sizes (for example, medium droplets), and the drive voltage is corrected. As a result, the variation in the amount of other droplets becomes large.

  On the other hand, it is conceivable to correct the drive voltage for each ejected droplet amount. In order to realize such correction, a configuration in which a drive waveform can be selected for each droplet amount is conceivable. However, in such a configuration, the same number of drive waveform generation units as the number of types of waveforms is required, and a waveform selection circuit that selects an appropriate waveform for each nozzle in response to input of a plurality of drive waveforms that differ for each droplet amount is complicated. Therefore, the driving circuit section becomes complicated and large.

  Further, as another measure, by limiting the pulse portion that can be corrected for each droplet amount in the continuous drive waveform that includes the discharge waveform of a plurality of types of droplet amounts (correctly correcting the pulse portion), It is conceivable to appropriately correct each droplet size. However, according to such a correction method, the shape of the drive waveform after correction is not similar, so it is difficult to match the droplet velocities with different droplet types. If the drop speed is different for each drop amount, the landing position is shifted and the image quality is deteriorated. Furthermore, since correction is required individually for each droplet amount, there are problems that the number of steps of correction work increases and the work time becomes long.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and solves at least one of the above-described problems, and an inkjet head correction method and inkjet recording apparatus capable of aligning the output density in units of nozzle groups in the inkjet head. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, the following invention mode is provided.

  (First Aspect): A first aspect is an ink jet head correction method for correcting a difference in ejection characteristics between groups in an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles divided into a plurality of groups. By changing the number of ejection drive pulses within one recording period applied to the ejection energy generating elements provided corresponding to the droplets, droplet volume modulation is performed by a continuous drive system that ejects multiple types of droplet volumes. In addition, using an inkjet recording apparatus including a voltage correction unit that corrects the drive voltage in units of groups, and applying a dot type distribution process that is actually used in printing, two or more types of different droplet amounts A correction chart generation process for generating dot data of a correction chart including dots, and a correction Group based on the correction chart output process for recording the data on the recording medium, the density measurement process for measuring the density of the correction chart recorded on the recording medium, and the density of the correction chart obtained by the measurement. A voltage correction value calculation step for obtaining a voltage correction value of a drive voltage for each group as a unit, and applying the voltage correction value obtained in the voltage correction value calculation step to the voltage correction unit to calculate the drive voltage in units of groups. This is a correction method for an inkjet head to be corrected.

  According to the first aspect, in order to correct the drive voltage by applying the voltage correction value for each group of inkjet heads driven by the continuous drive system, the correction value is set for each of the plurality of types of droplet amounts to be modulated. The circuit configuration can be simplified and reduced in size as compared with the conventional method to be determined.

  Moreover, according to this aspect, compared with the case where a correction value is determined for each droplet amount, the number of correction work steps can be reduced, and the work time can be shortened. Furthermore, according to this aspect, since the voltage correction value is determined based on the density measurement result of the correction chart that has been subjected to the dot type distribution process that is actually used, the amount of various droplets between groups compared to the conventional method Can be suppressed.

  (Second Aspect): As a second aspect, in the ink jet head correction method according to the first aspect, a voltage correction value for each group is obtained in which the print densities of the groups constituting the ink jet head are equal. It can be configured.

  (Third Aspect): As a third aspect, in the inkjet correction method according to the second aspect, the print density of the other group is set as a reference based on the print density of the reference group serving as a reference among a plurality of groups. The voltage correction value for each group that is equivalent to the print density can be obtained.

  (Fourth Aspect): As a fourth aspect, in the ink jet head correction method according to the third aspect, when there is no reference group, a step of outputting a density chart with dots of one designated drop amount; The step of measuring the concentration of the output concentration chart and the voltage correction value that makes one type of droplet amount a predetermined standard droplet amount for a specific group as a reference from the concentration of the measured concentration chart. And a process to be obtained.

  (Fifth Aspect): As a fifth aspect, in the correction method for an inkjet head according to any one of the first aspect to the fourth aspect, the correction chart output step includes a plurality of voltage correction values in units of groups. The correction chart is output a plurality of times, and a first correction chart output step of recording the correction chart with a drive voltage to which the first voltage correction value is applied, and a first voltage correction And a second correction chart output step of recording a correction chart with a drive voltage to which a second voltage correction value different from the value is applied, and the concentration measurement step is output in the first correction chart output step A first density measuring step for measuring the density of the corrected chart, and a second density measuring step for measuring the density of the correction chart output in the second correction chart output process, and a voltage The positive value calculation step is a calibration for creating a calibration curve based on the first concentration measurement result obtained from the first concentration measurement step and the second concentration measurement result obtained from the second concentration measurement step. A line creation step and a step of determining a voltage correction value from the calibration curve and the target concentration can be employed.

  (Sixth Aspect): As a sixth aspect, in the ink jet head correction method according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, the ink jet head is configured by combining a plurality of head modules, and as a group A voltage correction value can be determined for each head module.

  (Seventh Aspect): As a seventh aspect, in the ink jet head correction method according to any one of the first aspect to the sixth aspect, the density command value of the correction chart corresponds to the maximum density by the ink jet recording apparatus. Thus, a configuration in which a concentration of 25% or more and 75% or less is instructed.

  (Eighth Aspect): In the eighth aspect, an inkjet head having a plurality of nozzles divided into a plurality of groups and an ejection energy generating element provided corresponding to the nozzle of the inkjet head within one recording period By changing the number of ejection drive pulses, a drive control unit that performs droplet amount modulation by a continuous drive method that ejects droplets of a plurality of types of droplet amounts, a voltage correction unit that corrects the drive voltage in units of groups, Dot sort processing is applied to image data, and a halftone processing unit that generates dot data representing dot patterns with multiple types of droplet amounts from image data and a dot seed sort process used during printing are applied. A correction chart generating unit that generates dot data of a correction chart including two or more types of dots having different droplet amounts, and an ink jet A correction chart output control unit for recording the correction chart on the recording medium by the head, a density measuring unit for measuring the density of the correction chart recorded on the recording medium, and the density of the correction chart obtained by the density measuring unit A voltage correction value calculation unit that calculates a voltage correction value of a driving voltage for each group in units of groups, and a voltage correction value storage unit that stores the voltage correction value calculated by the voltage correction value calculation unit. Inkjet recording apparatus.

  According to the eighth aspect, the circuit configuration can be simplified and reduced in size as compared with the apparatus configuration in which correction values are determined for each of a plurality of types of droplet amounts to be subjected to droplet amount modulation. Moreover, according to this aspect, compared with the case where a correction value is determined for each droplet amount, the number of correction work steps can be reduced, and the work time can be shortened. Furthermore, according to this aspect, the voltage correction value is determined based on the density measurement result of the correction chart that has been subjected to the halftone process including the dot type distribution process that is actually used. ), It is possible to suppress variations in the amount of various droplets between groups.

  (Ninth Aspect): As a ninth aspect, in the ink jet recording apparatus according to the eighth aspect, a configuration in which a voltage correction value for each group is obtained in which the print densities of the groups constituting the ink jet head are equal. can do.

  (Tenth aspect): As a tenth aspect, in the ink jet recording apparatus according to the ninth aspect, the print density of the other group is set as a reference with reference to the print density of the reference group serving as a reference among the plurality of groups. A voltage correction value for each group that is equivalent to the print density can be obtained.

  (Eleventh aspect): As an eleventh aspect, in the ink jet recording apparatus according to the tenth aspect, when there is no reference group, density chart output control for outputting a density chart with dots of one designated drop amount. And a standard drop volume data storage section for storing standard drop volume data describing the relationship between the standard drop volume and the print density determined in advance for one type of drop volume, and recorded on a recording medium Based on the density measurement result obtained by measuring the density on the density chart and the standard drop volume data, voltage correction that makes one type of drop volume a predetermined standard drop volume for a specific group to be used as a reference It can be set as the structure from which a value is calculated | required.

  (Twelfth aspect): As a twelfth aspect, in the inkjet recording apparatus according to any one of the eighth aspect to the eleventh aspect, the correction chart output is performed by changing the voltage correction value in a plurality of stages in units of groups. The first density measurement result obtained by measuring the density of the correction chart recorded by the drive voltage to which the first voltage correction value is applied and the first voltage correction value is different from the first voltage correction value. A calibration curve creating unit that creates a calibration curve based on the second concentration measurement result obtained by measuring the concentration of the correction chart recorded by the drive voltage to which the voltage correction value of 2 is applied, a calibration curve, And a correction value determining unit that determines a voltage correction value from the target density.

  (Thirteenth aspect): As a thirteenth aspect, in the ink jet recording apparatus according to any one of the eighth to twelfth aspects, the ink jet head is configured by combining a plurality of head modules, and is a head as a group. A voltage correction value can be determined for each module.

  According to the present invention, the circuit configuration can be simplified and miniaturized as compared with a configuration in which correction values are determined for each of a plurality of types of droplet amounts. In addition, according to the present invention, compared to the case where the correction value is determined for each droplet amount, the number of correction work steps can be reduced, and the work time can be shortened. Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress variations in various droplet amounts between groups as compared to a configuration in which separate charts are output for each droplet amount.

The perspective view of the inkjet head used for this embodiment Enlarged view of inkjet head viewed from nozzle side Top view of the nozzle surface of the head module Sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the droplet discharge element for 1 nozzle Waveform diagram showing an example of the driving waveform of the continuous driving method used in this embodiment FIG. 6A shows a driving waveform for small droplet ejection, FIG. 6B shows a driving waveform for medium droplet ejection, and FIG. 6C shows a waveform illustrating a driving waveform for large droplet ejection. Illustration of drive waveform corrected by applying voltage correction value 1 is a block diagram showing the main part of the system configuration of an inkjet recording apparatus according to the present embodiment. Flow chart showing the procedure for determining the voltage correction value of the reference head module Figure showing an example of standard drop volume data Explanatory diagram showing how to calculate the voltage correction value of the reference head module Flow chart showing the procedure for determining the voltage correction value of the non-reference head module Graph showing the ratio of each drop volume to the halftone image print density Explanatory drawing showing the method of obtaining the voltage correction value from the concentration measurement result of the correction chart The figure which showed distribution of the dispersion | variation in the droplet amount after correction | amendment which determined the voltage correction value by this embodiment The figure which showed distribution of variation of the drop amount after correction by a comparative example Schematic diagram of the distribution range of droplet amount variation shown in FIG. Schematic diagram comparing the distribution range of droplet amount variation by the correction method of the present embodiment and the distribution range of droplet amount variation by a comparative example A diagram showing a configuration example of an inkjet recording apparatus Block diagram showing system configuration of inkjet recording apparatus

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<Outline of Embodiment>
An outline of the main configuration of the ink jet recording apparatus according to this embodiment is as follows.

  (1) The ink jet recording apparatus of the present embodiment includes a head bar configured as a long line head by connecting a plurality of liquid discharge head modules (hereinafter referred to as head modules) that discharge droplets by an ink jet method. Prepare. In this example, the nozzles are grouped in units of head modules.

  Since there is a difference in ejection characteristics (drop volume) due to the difference in ejection efficiency for each head module, the drive voltage is adjusted (corrected) for each head module as a group unit in order to correct the ejection characteristic difference for each head module. The “Discharge efficiency” can be expressed as a value obtained by dividing discharge energy by input energy.

  (2) The head bar can exchange some head modules in units of head modules. For the new replaced head module, the drive voltage is corrected to match the output density of the other head module.

  (3) The head module has a plurality of nozzles (ink ejection ports) and includes ejection energy generating elements corresponding to the nozzles. By applying a driving voltage to the ejection energy generating element, droplets are ejected from the nozzle. Control the droplet volume (dot size) per pixel by changing the number of ejection drive voltage pulses (referred to as “ejection drive pulse”) applied to the ejection energy generating element as a method to control the ejection droplet volume. The continuous fire drive system is adopted. In the present embodiment, by changing the number of ejection drive pulses applied within a recording cycle (one recording cycle) of one pixel, a small droplet that records a small dot, a medium droplet that records a medium dot, and a large dot that records a large dot. An example will be described in which droplet amount modulation is possible by dividing the three types of droplet amounts.

  (4) Among a plurality of types of droplet amounts, a drive waveform used for discharging a relatively small droplet amount is included in a drive waveform used for discharging a relatively large droplet amount. The That is, the drive waveform for small droplet ejection is included in the drive waveform for medium droplet discharge, and the drive waveform for medium droplet discharge is included in the drive waveform for large droplet discharge. By selecting a part of the driving waveform of the maximum droplet amount, a driving waveform having a droplet amount smaller than the maximum droplet amount is obtained. The term “drive waveform” means a voltage waveform of a drive voltage signal. The waveform can be described as digital data. An electrical signal in analog form can be obtained by D / A conversion (digital / analog conversion) of the digital waveform data.

  (5) The drive voltage is corrected in units of head modules for a plurality of head modules constituting one head bar. A single voltage correction value (a voltage correction value common to each droplet amount) is applied to the plurality of types of droplet amounts regardless of the droplet sizes of small droplets, medium droplets, and large droplets.

  This correction process corrects a difference in ejection characteristics (discharge droplet amount) due to a difference in discharge efficiency (a value obtained by dividing discharge energy by input energy) for each head module, and correction is performed by increasing or decreasing the drive voltage. The voltage correction value corresponds to a correction coefficient representing a “correction magnification” for adjusting (correcting) the voltage value of the waveform by multiplying a standard drive waveform prepared in advance by a fixed correction magnification. . The standard drive waveform is called “standard waveform”.

  (6) Concerning the method of determining the voltage correction value for each head module, a density measurement chart (referred to as “correction chart”) that has been subjected to halftone processing that is actually used is output, and the output correction chart Measure the concentration. Based on the measurement result of the correction chart, a voltage correction value for correcting the drive voltage is obtained so that the output density of each head module becomes equal.

  (7) The density adjustment between the head modules is adjusted to the output density of the head module serving as a reference in the head bar. The reference head module is referred to as a “reference head module”. In order to distinguish the reference head module from the other head modules, a head module other than the reference head module may be referred to as a “non-reference head module”.

  (8) When a reference head module is not specified in the head bar, a specified drop size (for example, a medium drop) is predetermined for a specific head module constituting the head bar. The drive voltage is corrected so that the corrected specific head module is determined as a reference head module. Thereafter, based on the output density of the reference head module, the drive voltage for the non-reference head module is corrected so that the output density of the other head module (non-reference head module) is equal to that of the reference head module. When obtaining the voltage correction value for each head module for matching the output density of the other head module relative to the reference head module, the halftone processing actually used is performed as described in (6) above. The output of the concentration measurement chart (patch) and the concentration measurement are performed.

  (9) Since halftone processing differs depending on the type of recording medium used for printing, a voltage correction value is determined for each type of recording medium (for each halftone processing content).

  Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described in more detail.

<Configuration example of inkjet head>
A configuration example of the inkjet head used in the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ink jet head used in the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, a state in which the nozzle surface is looked up from below (an obliquely downward direction) of the inkjet head 10 is illustrated. The inkjet head 10 is a line head configured by connecting a plurality (n) of head modules 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N). A plurality of head modules 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N) are attached to and integrated with a common frame 16 to form a bar-shaped line head (head bar). The frame 16 functions as a frame for fixing a plurality of head modules 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N).

  Here, a configuration of a line head in which 17 (n = 17) head modules 12-i are arranged to increase the recordable width is illustrated, but the head module used to configure one line head is illustrated. The structure, the number, and the arrangement form thereof are not limited to the illustrated example. A head bar having a desired recordable width can be formed by combining two or more appropriate number of head modules.

  Reference numeral 18 in FIG. 1 denotes a flexible substrate connected to each head module 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N). Drive signals, ejection control signals, and the like are supplied to the respective head modules 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N) via the flexible substrate 18.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the inkjet head 10 as viewed from the nozzle surface 20 side. For convenience of explanation, the longitudinal direction (lateral direction in FIG. 2) of the inkjet head 10 is referred to as “X direction”, and the short direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) is referred to as “Y direction”. The direction in which the recording medium (not shown in FIG. 2) is transported with respect to the inkjet head 10 is the “Y direction”, and corresponds to the “medium transport direction” or the “sub-scanning direction”. The width direction of the recording medium orthogonal to the Y direction is the “X direction”, and corresponds to the “medium width direction” or the “main scanning direction”.

  Each head module 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N) is supported by the head module holding member 22 from both sides in the short side direction (Y direction) of the inkjet head 10. Further, both end portions in the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the inkjet head 10 are supported by the head protection member 24.

  Each head module 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N) has a structure in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged in a matrix. The slanted solid line shown with reference numeral 26 in FIG. 2 represents a nozzle row in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged in a row.

  Since the structure of each head module 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N) is common, the following description is common to the head module 12-i (i = 1, 2,... N). Reference numeral 12 denotes a head module.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view of the ink ejection surface (nozzle surface 20) in the head module 12. FIG. In FIG. 3, for the convenience of illustration, the number of nozzles is reduced. For example, 32 × 64 nozzles 28 are two-dimensionally arranged on the nozzle surface 20 of one head module 12. This head module 12 has an end face on the long side along the v direction having an inclination of angle γ with respect to the X direction (medium width direction) and an inclination of angle α with respect to the Y direction (medium transport direction). It has a parallelogram plan view shape having an end surface on the short side along the w direction. By connecting a plurality of such head modules 12-i in the X direction (paper width direction) (see FIG. 2), a nozzle row covering the entire drawing range with respect to the paper width is formed, and one drawing scan is performed. A full-line head capable of recording an image with a predetermined recording resolution (for example, 1200 dpi) is configured.

  A full-line type print head applied to the single-pass method is not limited to the case where the entire surface of the recording medium is set as the drawing range, but when a part of the surface of the recording medium is the drawing area (for example, around the paper) In the case of providing a non-drawing area (margin part) in the case of a non-drawing area, a nozzle row necessary for drawing in a predetermined drawing area may be formed.

  The number of nozzles, the nozzle density, and the nozzle arrangement in the head module 12 are not particularly limited, and various forms are possible. For example, in order to realize a predetermined recording resolution in the main scanning direction, a one-dimensional nozzle array in which a large number of nozzles are arranged on a straight line (in a line) at a constant interval may be used. A so-called staggered arrangement may be employed in which each nozzle row is shifted in the nozzle row direction by a half pitch of the nozzle interval (inter-nozzle pitch). Further, in order to achieve higher recording resolution, a configuration in which a large number of nozzles are two-dimensionally arranged on the ink ejection surface (nozzle surface), such as a matrix arrangement in which three or more nozzle rows are arranged, can be employed. .

  In the case of an inkjet head having a two-dimensional nozzle array, the projected nozzle array in which the nozzles 28 in the two-dimensional nozzle array are projected (orthographically projected) so as to be aligned along the X direction (corresponding to the “main scanning direction”) It can be considered that the scanning direction (medium width direction) is equivalent to a nozzle row in which nozzles are arranged at approximately equal intervals at a nozzle density that achieves the recording resolution. The “substantially equidistant” means that the droplet ejection points that can be recorded by the ink jet recording apparatus are substantially equidistant. For example, the concept of “equally spaced” also includes cases where the intervals are slightly different in consideration of manufacturing errors and movement of droplets on the medium due to landing interference. Considering projection nozzle rows (also referred to as “substantial nozzle rows”), nozzle positions (nozzle numbers) can be associated with the order of projection nozzles arranged along the main scanning direction.

<Internal structure example of head module>
The head module 12 includes an ejection energy generation element (for example, a piezoelectric element or a heating element) that generates ejection energy necessary for ink ejection corresponding to each nozzle 28. The head module 12 ejects droplets on demand according to the drive signal and the ejection control signal given from the control device.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of droplet ejection elements for one channel (one nozzle) serving as a recording element unit (ejection element unit) in the head module 12. The head module 12 includes a nozzle plate 30 in which nozzles 28 serving as droplet discharge ports are formed, and a channel in which channels such as a pressure chamber 32, a supply port 34, and a common channel 36 corresponding to the nozzles 28 are formed. Plate 38.

  The flow path plate 38 constitutes a side wall portion of the pressure chamber 32 and a flow path forming a supply port 34 as a narrowed portion (most narrowed portion) of an individual supply path that guides ink from the common flow path 36 to the pressure chamber 32. It is a forming member. The flow path plate 38 may be composed of a single substrate, or may have a structure in which a plurality of substrates are stacked. The nozzle plate 30 and the flow path plate 38 can be processed into a required shape using a semiconductor manufacturing technique using silicon as a material.

  A plurality of pressure chambers 32 are connected to the common flow path 36 via respective supply ports 34. The common flow path 36 communicates with an ink tank (not shown) as an ink supply source via a piping system (not shown). The ink supplied from the ink tank is supplied to the pressure chamber 32 through the common flow path 36.

  A piezoelectric element 44 having an individual electrode 42 for each pressure chamber 32 is provided on the diaphragm 40 constituting a part of the surface of the pressure chamber 32 (the top surface in FIG. 4). The diaphragm 40 of this example is made of silicon (Si) with a conductive layer functioning as a common electrode 46 corresponding to the lower electrode of the piezoelectric element 44, and is common to the piezoelectric elements 44 arranged corresponding to the pressure chambers 32. Also serves as an electrode. It is also possible to form the diaphragm with a non-conductive material such as resin. In this case, a common electrode layer made of a conductive material such as metal is formed on the surface of the diaphragm member. Moreover, you may comprise the diaphragm which serves as a common electrode with metals (conductive material), such as stainless steel (SUS).

  By applying a driving voltage to the individual electrode 42, the piezoelectric element 44 is deformed to change the volume of the pressure chamber 32, and ink is ejected from the nozzles 28 due to the pressure change accompanying this. After ink ejection, the pressure chamber 32 is refilled with new ink from the common flow path 36 through the supply port 34.

  An ink chamber unit 50 for one channel including the nozzle 28, the pressure chamber 32, the supply port 34, and the piezoelectric element 44 is a droplet discharge element as a recording element unit for recording one pixel. The head module 12 includes a plurality of ink chamber units 50 corresponding to the two-dimensional nozzle arrangement described with reference to FIG.

<About the driving waveform of the continuous drive system>
Next, an example of a driving waveform of a continuous driving method applied to the ink ejection operation of the inkjet head 10 will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an example of the driving waveform of the continuous driving method used in this embodiment. The horizontal axis represents time (unit: microsecond [μs]), and the vertical axis represents voltage (unit: volts [V]). A driving waveform 60 shown in FIG. 5 is a driving waveform in which a plurality of ejection driving pulses 61 to 66 are continued within one recording period for performing dot recording of one pixel on the recording medium. Note that the term “one recording cycle” may be referred to as “one printing cycle” or “one printing cycle” in this field.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of a six-shot continuous type in which six ejection drive pulses 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 are continuous, and the final ejection drive pulse 66 has a waveform element for suppressing reverberation ( A reverberation suppression pulse 67 as a reverberation suppression unit) is combined.

  From the head (from the left in FIG. 5) along the time axis, the first ejection driving pulse 61, the second ejection driving pulse 62, the third ejection driving pulse 63, the fourth ejection driving pulse 64, the fifth ejection driving pulse 65, This is called a sixth ejection drive pulse 66. Each of these ejection drive pulses (61 to 66) has a so-called pull-push type waveform, and one ejection operation is performed for each application of one ejection drive pulse.

  The first discharge driving pulse 61 at the head of the driving waveform 60 includes a first signal element 61a that drives a “pull” operation that deforms the piezoelectric element in a direction that expands the volume of the pressure chamber communicating with the nozzle; The second signal element 61b that maintains (holds) the state in which the pressure chamber is expanded by the pulling operation, and the drive of the “push” operation that deforms the piezoelectric element (not shown) in the direction of contracting the pressure chamber. And a third signal element 61c to perform.

The first signal element 61a is falling waveform portion lowering the potential from the reference potential V _0. The second signal element 61b is a waveform portion that maintains the potential (V ₁ ) that has dropped in the first signal element 61a. The third signal element 61c is a rising waveform portion that raises the potential (V ₁ ) of the second signal element 61b to the reference potential V ₀ . Note that the reference potential V ₀ is a bias potential and is “−9.0 V” in this example.

Similarly, the respective ejection driving pulses from the second ejection driving pulse 62 to the sixth ejection driving pulse 66 following the first ejection driving pulse 61 correspond to the operations of “pull”, “maintain”, and “push”. It has a signal element. Similar to the signal elements (61a, 61b, 61c) described in the first ejection driving pulse 61, suffixes “a”, “b”, “c” are added to the end of the reference numerals indicating the other ejection driving pulses 62-66. Is added to indicate each signal element of “pull”, “maintain”, and “push”. Further, the potential difference between the second signal-element 61b~66b of each ejection pulse 61 to 66 with respect to the reference potential V ₀ which is referred to herein as "voltage amplitude" or referred to as "height" of the pulse.

In the driving waveform 60 of this example, the voltage amplitude (wave height) of the pulse gradually decreases from the first ejection driving pulse 61 to the fifth ejection driving pulse 65, and the voltage amplitude of the final sixth ejection driving pulse 66 is the first voltage amplitude. It is assumed that it is equal to or larger than the voltage amplitude of one ejection drive pulse 61. In other words, the voltage amplitude of the final ejection drive pulse (here, the sixth ejection drive pulse 66) is the largest compared to the voltage amplitude of the other preceding ejection drive pulses (61 to 65). When the absolute value of the voltage amplitude of the k-th ejection driving pulse from the head on the time axis is expressed as | V _k | (k = 1, 2,... 6), in this example, | V ₆ | = | V ₁ | = | V ₂ |> | V ₃ |> | V ₄ |> | V ₅ |

The third signal element 66c of the sixth ejection drive pulse 66 of this example is combined with a reverberation suppression pulse 67 that stabilizes meniscus vibration (reverberation). Reverberation suppression pulse 67 includes a signal element 67b than the reference potential V ₀ which maintains the potential of the high potential, and the signaling component 67c to lower the potential on the reference potential V ₀ which the potential of the signal element 67b, a.

A third signal element 66c that contracts the pressure chamber 32 (see FIG. 4) when the final droplet is ejected by continuously combining the reverberation suppression pulse 67 in the subsequent stage of the sixth ejection drive pulse 66 that ejects the final droplet. potential difference | _{V 7} | is, the sixth pressure chambers 32 of the ejection pulse 66 the potential difference signal components 66a to inflate (see FIG. 4) | becomes larger than | _{V 6.}

  As a result, the ejection speed of the final droplet ejected by the application of the sixth ejection driving pulse 66 is the highest compared to the ejection speed of the other preceding droplets, and the final droplet catches up with the preceding droplet during the flight, and these are integrated. Can be landed on the recording medium.

  By applying one or a plurality of ejection driving pulses (61 to 66) in the driving waveform 60 to the piezoelectric element 44 (see FIG. 4), droplets are ejected from the nozzle. The same number of ejection operations as the number of ejection drive pulses applied in one recording period are performed in one recording period. When the drive waveform 60 shown in FIG. 5 is applied as it is to the piezoelectric element 44 (see FIG. 4), droplets are continuously ejected by six shots in one recording cycle, and these ejected droplets (6 droplets) are recorded on the recording medium. When united in, it unites together. One dot is recorded by adhering these combined droplets (a combined droplet) on the recording medium.

<About pulse width and pulse interval of ejection drive pulse>
In the case of an inkjet head of a piezoelectric drive method (also referred to as a piezo jet method), the one-nozzle ejection mechanism is provided with a piezoelectric element in a pressure chamber communicating with the nozzle, and the piezoelectric element is driven to pressure the liquid in the pressure chamber It is a mechanism that gives fluctuations and discharges droplets from the nozzle. Since the vibration of the pressure in the pressure chamber is used as it is for ejection, it is desirable to use a pulse waveform configured to match the sine wave of the pressure vibration when strongly ejecting a droplet from the nozzle.

  In the driving waveform 60, when the voltage is lowered from the reference potential, the pressure chamber expands, so that the pressure decreases, and the meniscus in the nozzle is drawn in the direction of the pressure chamber (direction opposite to the discharge direction). After the meniscus pulling operation is started by applying the “pulling” waveform element, if the pulling voltage is kept constant, the meniscus vibrates at the natural vibration period of the vibration system. When the speed of the meniscus becomes zero again by the meniscus vibration, if the pressure chamber is contracted, the droplet can be ejected at the most accelerated position. Efficient ejection is possible by combining the movement of the meniscus and the pulling and pushing cycle based on the drive waveform.

  Since one period of meniscus vibration is one resonance period Tc, it is most efficient to divide the pulse width by about half (Tc / 2). The pulse interval of the second pulse may be set so that the pull-push waveform elements overlap in accordance with the movement of the pulling and acceleration due to the meniscus vibration generated by the application of the first pulse. preferable.

  The ink jet head has a pulse width and a pulse interval that can be stably ejected from the flow path structure and the physical properties of the liquid used. The ejection drive pulses 61 to 66 are set to such a pulse width and pulse interval that enable stable ejection.

Pulse interval T _A is from the start of the fall of the preceding pulse, it refers to the time interval between the rising start of the next pulse. The pulse width T _B refers to the time interval between the start of the rise from the start of the fall of one pulse. Pulse interval _{T A} of the ejection driving pulse (61 to 66) is preferably made to coincide with the head resonance period (Helmholtz resonance vibration period) Tc, the pulse width _{T B,} the head resonance period of (Helmholtz resonance vibration period) Tc { Desirably, (2 × n) −1} / 2 (where n is a positive integer). The drive waveform 60 described with reference to FIG. 5 is an example in which the pulse interval is substantially coincident with the resonance period Tc and the pulse width is substantially coincident with Tc / 2.

What is important for reverberation suppression is the voltage (potential difference) V _{8 of the} “pull” signal element (reference numeral 67 c) that expands the pressure chamber and the timing (T _D ) of its fall (see FIG. 5). ). To provide the pressure fluctuation at the timing of the meniscus vibration in opposite phase, the start timing T _D pulling corrugations of reverberation suppression pulse 67 (signal element 67c), the resonance from rise timings of the third signal-element 66c of the sixth pulse 66 The value is close to the cycle Tc.

  The head resonance period (Helmholtz natural vibration period) Tc is the natural period of the entire vibration system determined from the ink flow path system, ink (acoustic element), dimensions, material, physical property values, and the like of the piezoelectric element. The resonance period Tc can be obtained by calculation from the design value of the head (including the physical property value of the ink to be used). In addition to the method of estimating from the design value of the head, there is also a method of measuring Tc by experiment (see JP 2012-187920 A).

<Example when droplets are ejected with different amounts>
By selecting and using some of the plurality of ejection drive pulses (61 to 66) and the reverberation suppression pulse 67 constituting the drive waveform 60 of one recording cycle from the back, small droplets and medium droplets are used. 、 Three kinds of large drops can be divided.

  6A to 6C are examples of drive waveforms used when droplets are ejected with different amounts of droplets for recording one pixel. FIG. 6A is a waveform diagram corresponding to the ejection of each of the small droplets, FIG. 6B is a medium droplet, and FIG. 6C is a large droplet.

  The waveform for ejecting small droplets (FIG. 6A) is obtained by selecting only the sixth ejection drive pulse 66 and the reverberation suppression pulse 67 from the drive waveform 60 described in FIG.

  The waveform for middle droplet discharge (FIG. 6B) is obtained by selecting only the sixth discharge drive pulse 66 to the sixth discharge drive pulse 66 and the reverberation suppression pulse 67 from the drive waveform 60 described in FIG. It is.

  A waveform for discharging a large droplet (FIG. 6C) is obtained by selecting the entire driving waveform 60 described in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the waveform of the medium droplet includes the waveform of the small droplet, and the waveform of the large droplet has a relationship including the waveforms of the medium droplet and the small droplet. In other words, among several types of droplet sizes that can be controlled by droplet ejection, by selecting some pulses in order from the back of the drive waveform of the large droplet that corresponds to the maximum droplet volume and applying it to the piezoelectric element, the ejection droplet volume can be reduced. Can be changed.

<Extension to 3 or more drop types>
Here, an example in which three types of droplet types are divided has been described, but a waveform can be determined by the same method when performing four or more types of droplet amount modulation. It is assumed that the driving waveform for discharging the maximum droplet amount includes a waveform with a smaller droplet amount. That is, the waveform corresponding to the droplet type having the maximum droplet amount includes the waveform of all the droplet types.

  Note that the number of ejection drive pulses included in the drive waveform of one recording cycle and the magnitude relationship of the voltage amplitude of each pulse are not limited to the example in this example. Of the drive waveforms including M discharge drive pulses in one recording cycle, K discharge drive pulses (where K is an integer of 1 or more and M or less) are selected and supplied to the discharge energy generation element. By doing so, it is possible to discharge with different droplet amounts.

  When such a driving waveform is applied to an actual ink jet recording apparatus, standard waveform data (waveform data corresponding to the droplet type of the maximum droplet amount) including all the droplet type waveforms is stored in a storage unit such as a memory. Incorporated, it holds information on the number of pulses for each drop type as the first pulse at the time of application. By selecting a pulse from the back of a standard waveform (waveform of maximum droplet amount) composed of a plurality of pulses including the waveform of all droplet types, it is possible to sort the droplet types.

  For example, by controlling a switch element provided on a signal transmission line for applying a driving signal to a piezoelectric element as an ejection energy generating element, an ejection driving pulse to be applied is selected in accordance with the droplet type. In this way, drive voltages having various droplet type-corresponding waveforms are applied to the piezoelectric elements using the switch elements provided corresponding to the respective piezoelectric elements.

<About the drive voltage correction method>
In this embodiment, a drive voltage is corrected by multiplying a standard waveform prepared in advance by a certain voltage correction magnification for each head module. The correction coefficient representing the voltage correction magnification is referred to as “voltage correction value”. The voltage correction value is determined for each head module as a correction coefficient common to each droplet amount, regardless of the droplet amount of the small droplet, the medium droplet, and the large droplet.

As for the voltage correction value, for example, the potential value is corrected at a magnification of the voltage correction value with respect to the change point of the potential in the standard waveform with reference to the bias potential (reference potential V ₀ ) in the standard waveform. As a result, a corrected drive waveform in which the standard waveform is multiplied by a coefficient by the correction magnification of the voltage correction value is obtained. FIG. 7 shows an example of a corrected drive waveform 70 obtained by setting the same waveform as the drive waveform 60 described in FIG. 5 as a standard waveform and multiplying the standard waveform by a voltage correction value R. The corrected drive waveform 70 is obtained by multiplying the voltage amplitude of each ejection drive pulse (61 to 66) of the drive waveform 60 by R times. In the present embodiment, an appropriate voltage correction value R is determined for each head module. The voltage correction value is determined for each type of recording medium used for printing.

  In addition, although the piezoelectric element 44 of this embodiment has shown the example driven by applying a negative drive voltage, whether to apply a negative voltage or a positive voltage as the drive voltage depends on the piezoelectric element. It is determined according to the polarization direction of the piezoelectric body sandwiched between the electrodes.

<System configuration>
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a main part of the system configuration of the ink jet recording apparatus according to the present embodiment. The ink jet recording apparatus 100 includes an ink jet head 10, a medium transport unit 102, and an image reading unit 104.

  As described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, the inkjet head 10 is configured by combining a plurality of head modules 12. In FIG. 8, only one head module 12 is shown for simplification of illustration. The head module 12 includes a plurality of piezoelectric elements 44, and the head module 12 is provided with a waveform selection circuit 106 that selects a waveform of a drive signal applied to each of the piezoelectric elements 44. The waveform selection circuit 106 includes a switch element provided corresponding to each piezoelectric element 44.

  In FIG. 8, only one block is shown as the inkjet head 10, but the inkjet recording apparatus 100 of this example is a printing system that forms a color image, and corresponds to each of a plurality of ink colors. A plurality of inkjet heads are provided. In this example, four colors of ink of cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y), and black (K) are used, and an ink jet head for ejecting each color ink is provided for each color. An example will be described. However, the number of ink colors and combinations thereof are not limited to this example. For example, in addition to CMYK four colors, a mode in which light color inks such as light cyan (LC) and light magenta (LM) are added, and a mode in which special color inks such as red and green are used are also possible.

  The medium transport unit 102 is a means for transporting a recording medium (not shown). Various configurations are possible for the form of the transport mechanism of the recording medium. The medium conveyance unit 102 can employ a drum conveyance method, a belt conveyance method, a chain conveyance method, and other various conveyance methods, and can be configured by an appropriate combination thereof. By transporting the recording medium in a certain direction by the medium transport unit 102, the inkjet head 10 and the recording medium move relative to each other. The medium transport unit 102 corresponds to a relative movement unit that moves the recording medium relative to the inkjet head 10. Further, the medium transport unit 102 is provided with a sensor (for example, an encoder) that detects the position of the recording medium in order to synchronize the recording timing (ink ejection timing) of the inkjet head 10 with respect to the recording medium.

  The image reading unit 104 is a unit that reads an image recorded on a recording medium by the inkjet head 10 and converts the image into electronic image data (read image data). For example, a CCD line sensor can be used as the image reading unit 104. The image reading unit 104 of this example is an in-line sensor installed in the middle of the medium conveyance path, and reads an image recorded by the inkjet head 10 during conveyance before paper discharge. The image reading unit 104 can read the output results of a density measurement chart (patch), a test chart for detecting defective nozzles of the inkjet head 10, and other test charts. Further, the image reading unit 104 can read a print image recorded based on image data to be printed specified in a print job.

  The ink jet recording apparatus 100 includes an image data input unit 110, an image data processing unit 120, a dot type sorting table storage unit 130, a test chart generation unit 140, a drive signal generation unit 150, and an image analysis unit 170. .

  The image data input unit 110 functions as a data acquisition unit for capturing image data representing the content of an image to be printed by the inkjet recording apparatus 100. The image data input unit 110 can be configured by a data input terminal that takes in image data from an external or other signal processing unit in the apparatus. Further, the image data input unit 110 may employ a wired or wireless communication interface unit, or may employ a media interface unit that reads and writes an external storage medium (removable disk) such as a memory card, Alternatively, an appropriate combination of these aspects may be used.

  There can be various types of image data of an image to be printed. The format of the image data captured from the image data input unit 110 is not particularly limited. Here, to simplify the description, it is assumed that the gradation image has the same color type, number of colors, and resolution as the ink color used in the inkjet recording apparatus 100. For example, in the case of an inkjet printing system that realizes an output resolution of 1200 dpi using four color inks of cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y), and black (K), the image data is 8 bits (256 bits for each color of CMYK). Image data having (gradation).

  In addition, when printing image data specified by a combination of colors different from the type and resolution of ink colors used in the inkjet recording apparatus 100 or a resolution format, processes such as color conversion and resolution change are performed as pre-processing. And converted into image data of ink color and resolution used in the inkjet recording apparatus 100.

  The image data processing unit 120 includes a color conversion unit 121, a gradation conversion unit 122, and a halftone processing unit 124. The color conversion unit 121 converts an input image signal into a CMYK signal using an International Color Consortium (ICC) profile (hereinafter referred to as “ICC profile”). The color conversion unit 121 creates a device link profile from the “target profile” in the ICC profile format that defines the target color and the “printer profile” in the ICC profile format that defines the colors for the CMYK signals of the inkjet recording apparatus 100. The color conversion unit 121 converts the input image signal into a CMYK signal using the device link profile.

  The gradation converting unit 122 performs a process of determining the density gradation characteristic of how much color is drawn as a whole when an image is formed by the inkjet head 10. The gradation conversion unit 122 converts the image data so as to have a specified color development characteristic. As an example of the CMYK → CMYK conversion method in the gradation conversion unit 122, for example, a one-dimensional lookup (LUT) that defines the correspondence between the input signal and the output signal for each of the C signal, the M signal, the Y signal, and the K signal. ), And conversion is performed using the one-dimensional LUT. In addition to the above-described embodiment using a one-dimensional LUT, a method of converting using a multi-dimensional LUT is also possible. The gradation conversion unit 122 obtains CMYK signals expressed by gradation data for each pixel for each color of CMYK.

  Further, the gradation converting unit 122 can include an undischarge correction processing unit that corrects an image defect caused by an undischarge nozzle. The non-discharge correction technique is caused by non-discharge nozzles by changing the dot pattern of the image position corresponding to the nozzles in the vicinity of the non-discharge nozzles in the nozzle row of the inkjet head 10 (neighboring nozzles in the substantial nozzle row). This is a correction technique that compensates for a defective recording portion (streak-like image defect) to be performed by recording dots by ejection from nozzles other than the non-ejection nozzle, and reduces the visibility of the image defect. Image data at the image position near the discharge failure nozzle is corrected.

  The halftone processing unit 124 includes a dot type distribution processing unit 126 and a quantization processing unit 128. The dot type distribution processing unit 126 refers to the dot type distribution table stored in the dot type distribution table storage unit 130, and converts the CMYK color-specific gradation data (input gradation data) with different drop amounts. A dot type distribution process is performed to convert the output gradation data representing the dot recording amount into a plurality of types of dots.

  The dot type distribution table storage unit 130 stores a dot type distribution table that defines the correspondence between the input gradation value and the output gradation value representing the recording amount of each dot for each type of dot. The “dot recording amount” here can be expressed as a ratio (dot recording rate) of the number of recording dots to the total number of pixels in a unit area. In other words, in the dot type distribution table, at the gradation expression of a certain input gradation value, what ratio (ratio) is recorded per unit area of dots of small dot, medium dot, and large dot size. The appearance ratio (droplet ratio) of each dot size is determined in accordance with the size of the input gradation value. In the dot type distribution table, output gradation values reflecting the appearance ratio of the dot type in each gradation of the input gradation value are defined.

  Such a dot type distribution table is provided for each ink color, and a plurality of types of dot type distribution tables are prepared according to the type of recording medium (paper type) used. One of the dot type distribution tables selected from the plurality of dot type distribution tables stored in the dot type distribution table storage unit 130 is selected according to the printing conditions.

  The dot type distribution processing unit 126 refers to the dot type distribution table, distributes the gradation data of each color to the recording amounts of a plurality of types (small, medium, and large) dot types, and provides gradation data for small dot recording, The gradation data for medium dot recording and the gradation data for large dot recording are generated. In this example, large droplets (large dots) are used for non-discharge correction.

  The quantization processing unit 128 applies a predetermined quantization method (so-called digital halftoning process) such as a dither method, an error diffusion method, and a density pattern method to the gradation data assigned to the dot type by the dot type distribution processing unit 126. Quantization processing according to (Method) is performed and converted into dot data of N values (N is an integer of 3 or more and less than m) that can be output by the inkjet head 10. For example, the quantization processing unit 128 performs a process of converting 8-bit (256 gradation) image data into dot data of four gradations (N = 4) with large dots, medium dots, small dots, and no dots.

  The multi-value signal (four-value marking signal in this example) generated by the halftone processing unit 124 is sent to the ink-jet head 10 and the ejection energy generating element (for example, piezoelectric element or heating element) of the corresponding nozzle. ) Drive control.

  The test chart generation unit 140 generates data for forming a correction chart for density measurement for obtaining a voltage correction value for each head module 12. The correction chart is a chart (also referred to as “patch”) of a uniform density image having a specific gradation value (for example, equivalent to a print density of 50%). The test chart generation unit 140 can generate chart data for printing such a correction chart. Based on the correction chart data, the halftone processing unit 124 performs dot type distribution processing and quantization processing, so that two or more types of dots having different droplet amounts (medium dots and small dots in this case) are used. Dot data of a correction chart including A combination of the test chart generation unit 140 and the halftone processing unit 124 corresponds to a “correction chart generation unit”. The correction chart is printed on the recording medium by the inkjet head 10 based on the dot data of the correction chart subjected to the halftone process.

  In addition, the test chart generation unit 140 prints a patch having a uniform density with a desired dot recording rate by using only one specific type of droplet (for example, a medium droplet) among a plurality of droplet types. Concentration chart data can be generated.

  In addition to the density measurement chart, the test chart generation unit 140 is a variety of test charts such as a defective nozzle detection test chart for detecting defective nozzles and an undischarge correction test chart for calculating undischarge correction parameters. It has a function to generate data.

  The drive signal generation unit 150 includes a standard waveform data storage unit 152, a voltage correction value storage unit 154, a correction calculation unit 156 (corresponding to a “voltage correction unit”), a corrected waveform data storage unit 158, a D / A A conversion unit 160.

  The image analysis unit 170 is a processing unit that analyzes the read image read by the image reading unit 104. The image analysis unit 170 includes a density measurement unit 172, a calibration curve creation unit 174, a standard drop amount data storage unit 176, and a correction value determination unit 178.

  The density measurement unit 172 measures the optical density from the read image of the density measurement chart. The density measured by the density measuring unit 172 is, for example, a reflection density, and is grasped as a common logarithm of a value obtained by dividing incident light by reflected light.

  The calibration curve creation unit 174 creates a calibration curve representing the relationship between the applied voltage and the density from the measurement result of the print density measured by the density measurement unit 172. Since the applied voltage is associated with the voltage correction value, the calibration curve can represent the relationship between the voltage correction value and the concentration.

  The standard droplet amount data storage unit 176 stores standard droplet amount data describing the relationship between the standard droplet amount of medium droplets and the print density defined in the design specifications. The correction value determination unit 178 performs arithmetic processing for determining an appropriate voltage correction value based on the data created by the calibration curve creation unit 174 and the target concentration information. The voltage correction value obtained by the correction value determination unit 178 is stored in the voltage correction value storage unit 154. A processing unit including the calibration curve creation unit 174 and the correction value determination unit 178 corresponds to a “voltage correction value calculation unit”.

  The standard waveform data storage unit 152 of the drive signal generation unit 150 stores waveform data of a standard waveform. The voltage correction value storage unit 154 stores voltage correction values determined for each head module 12. The correction calculation unit 156 applies a voltage correction value stored in the voltage correction value storage unit 154 to perform correction calculation for correcting the voltage of the standard waveform. The corrected drive waveform data (referred to as “corrected waveform data”) obtained by applying the voltage correction value is stored in the corrected waveform data storage unit 158.

  The corrected waveform data obtained in this way is converted into an analog drive signal by the D / A converter 160 and supplied to the inkjet head 10 via an amplifier circuit (power amplifier circuit) (not shown).

  The drive signal output from the D / A converter 160 is supplied to each piezoelectric element 44 via the waveform selection circuit 106. The waveform selection circuit 106 controls the switch element corresponding to each piezoelectric element 44 by an ejection control signal corresponding to the dot image data generated by the halftone processing unit 124.

  The inkjet recording apparatus 100 includes a system control unit 180 that controls the system, and a display unit 182 and an input device 184 are connected to the system control unit 180.

  The display unit 182 and the input device 184 function as a user interface (UI). The input device 184 can employ various means such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, and a trackball, and may be an appropriate combination thereof. In this example, a combination of a touch panel, a keyboard, and a mouse is used as the input device 184. In addition, the form by which the display part 182 and the input device 184 are integrally comprised is also possible like the structure which has arrange | positioned the touch panel on the screen of the display part 182.

  The operator (user) uses the input device 184 while viewing the contents displayed on the screen of the display unit 182 to input various information such as input of printing conditions, selection of image quality mode, input and editing of attached information, and information search. The inkjet recording apparatus 100 can be operated. The operator can confirm the input contents and other various information through the display on the display unit 182, and can grasp the system state and the operation state.

  The image data input unit 110, the image data processing unit 120, the dot type sorting table storage unit 130, the test chart generation unit 140, the drive signal generation unit 150, the image analysis unit 170, the system control unit 180, and the display unit 182 illustrated in FIG. Each unit of the input device 184 can be realized by a combination of computer hardware and software used as a control device of the inkjet recording apparatus 100.

  Note that all or part of the image data input unit 110, the image data processing unit 120, and the drive signal generation unit 150 may be mounted as an image processing function on the printer side.

  A portion of the drive control system including the image data processing unit 120, the drive signal generation unit 150, and the system control unit 180 corresponds to a “drive control unit”. Further, the combination of the test chart generation unit 140 and the system control unit 180 achieves a control function for outputting a density chart of a desired dot recording rate with only one specific type of droplet (for example, a medium droplet). This corresponds to a “density chart output control unit”.

<How to obtain the voltage correction value>
Next, a specific example of how to obtain the voltage correction value will be described.

  A method of determining a voltage correction value of a reference head module serving as a reference for density adjustment for a plurality of head modules 12 constituting the inkjet head 10; and a method of determining a voltage correction value of a non-reference head module other than the reference head module. Since these procedures are different, each method will be described below with specific examples. Here, in order to simplify the description, a case where two types of droplet sizes, a small droplet and a medium droplet, are used will be described.

[1] Method for Determining Voltage Correction Value of Reference Head Module A reference head module that serves as a reference for density adjustment in the inkjet head 10, such as when the inkjet recording apparatus 100 is manufactured or when the entire bar of the inkjet head 10 is replaced after shipment. Is not yet determined (corresponding to “when there is no reference group”), first, the voltage correction value of the reference head module, which is the reference for density adjustment between the head modules (corresponding to “between groups”), is first set. Perform the decision process.

  One of the plurality of head modules constituting the line-type inkjet head 10 is selected as a target of the reference head module, and the specified drop size (in this example, The voltage correction value is determined so that the liquid volume of the middle droplet) is a predetermined liquid volume. Here, a case where the voltage correction value is determined so that the amount of medium drops is 7 pl (picoliter) will be described as an example.

  FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining the voltage correction value of the reference head module. Prior to the processing, standard droplet amount data in which the relationship between the droplet amount and the print density is specified in advance is prepared for the standard head module which is a standard in the design specifications, and the standard droplet amount data storage unit 176 (FIG. 8) illustrated in FIG. 8) is set (step S112 in FIG. 9).

  FIG. 10 shows an example of standard drop amount data. In FIG. 10, the horizontal axis represents the drop amount (unit: picoliter [pl]), and the vertical axis represents the printing density. Standard drop volume data as shown in FIG. 10 uses a standard head module and prints a density chart with a fixed dot recording rate (for example, 25%) using only one kind of dot (in this example, a medium drop). It can be obtained by measuring the density of the printed density chart. When printing the density chart, the drive voltage is changed to change the drop volume of the medium drop, and the print density of the density chart is measured for each drop volume. In FIG. 10, the printing density of a density chart with a dot recording rate of 25% is measured for each drop volume when the drive voltage is changed and the drop volume per dot is changed to 6.5 pl, 7.0 pl, and 7.5 pl. The calibration curve obtained is shown.

From such standard drop volume data, the print density value (D _ST ) at a dot recording rate of 25% when the drop volume of the medium drop is 7.0 pl can be grasped.

Further, each head module 12 is given in advance an initial value _R0 of a voltage correction value as a guide based on design specifications, shipping inspection, and the like (step S114 in FIG. 9). Information of the initial value R ₀ is being stored in the ROM provided in the head module 12 each (read-only memory), obtained by invoking a information of the initial value R ₀ from the ROM. Alternatively, information on initial values of the head modules 12 may be stored in the storage unit of the control device.

Next, a value R ₁ = 0.95 × R ₀ obtained by multiplying the initial value R ₀ by 0.95 is set as the voltage correction value (step S116). That is, the voltage correction value R ₁ corresponding to “−5%” of the initial value R ₀ is set. Then, the voltage correction value R ₁ given dot recording rate only in the medium droplet by applying (here, the dot recording rate = 25%) Print density chart (step S118).

  In this density chart, since one type of dot and a recording rate by the dot are designated in advance, the halftone processing applied to the actual print image is applied in the halftone processing unit 124 described in FIG. Is not to be done. The halftone processing by the halftone processing unit 124 can be omitted, and output command data for the density chart can be generated.

Then, the density of the printed density chart is measured (step S120). By this density measurement, data of the output density D ₁ corresponding to the voltage correction value R ₁ is obtained.

Next, a value R ₂ = 1.05 × R ₀ obtained by multiplying the initial value R ₀ by 1.05 is set as the voltage correction value (step S122). In other words, a voltage correction value R ₂ corresponding to “+ 5%” of the initial value R ₀ is set, and this voltage correction value R ₂ is applied so that a predetermined dot recording rate (here, dot recording rate = 25%) density chart is printed (step S124).

Then, the density of the printed density chart is measured (step S126). By this density measurement, data of the output density D ₂ corresponding to the voltage correction value R ₂ is obtained.

A calibration curve showing the relationship between the voltage correction value and the concentration is created based on the measurement results of steps S120 and S126 (step S128). As shown on the right side of FIG. 11, the two-point measurement points _{(R 1,} D _1), to create a from _(R 2, _{D 2),} a calibration curve _{L A} representing a straight line passing through these two points.

Then, with reference to standard drop amount data (in this example, illustrates the 7.0 picoliter) specified drop volume obtaining the voltage correction value Ra to a concentration corresponding to the calibration curve L _A (step S130 in FIG. 9 ).

The standard drop volume data shown on the left side of FIG. 11 is equivalent to the standard drop volume data described in FIG. 10, and as shown in FIG. 11, the print density corresponding to a drop volume of 7.0 picoliters. voltage correction value Ra for realizing D _ST can be obtained from the calibration curve L _a.

  Thus, the voltage correction value Ra of the reference head module is determined, and the obtained voltage correction value Ra is stored in the storage unit (step S132 in FIG. 9).

  As described above, for the reference head module, the voltage correction value Ra is determined for the target density as an absolute value based on the standard droplet amount data.

The steps described in steps S118 and S124 correspond to “a step of outputting a density chart”. Further, the process described in steps S120 and S126 corresponds to a “process for measuring the density of the density chart”. The order of steps S116 to S126 is not limited to the example of FIG. For example, the density chart based on the voltage correction value of R ₂ may be printed _first , or after the density chart based on the voltage correction values of R ₁ and R ₂ is printed, the measurement of these density charts is performed collectively. It is also possible.

In this example, a voltage correction value of ± 5% with respect to the initial value R ₀ is used, the voltage correction value is shifted in two steps, and the concentration chart is output with each voltage correction value. The swing width and the number of steps are not limited to this example. A calibration curve connecting two points can be obtained by changing the voltage correction value in at least two stages and measuring the concentration chart. However, the voltage correction value may be changed in two or more stages.

  When adjusting the print density of the reference head module to a predetermined target density, the image reading unit 104 of the inkjet recording apparatus 100 may be used as a means for measuring the density chart, or offline density measurement. A vessel may be used.

  As for the method of selecting the reference head module, for example, the inkjet head can be divided into blocks at portions where the reading accuracy of the density sensor in the image reading unit 104 is different, and the reference head module can be set within each block. The reference head module corresponds to a “reference group”.

[2] Method of determining voltage correction value of non-reference head module The voltage correction value of non-reference head modules other than the reference head module is relatively determined so as to match the density of the reference head module.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining the voltage correction value of the non-reference head module. As the voltage correction value Ra of the reference head module, the value determined by the processing described in FIG. 9 is used (step S212 in FIG. 12). For the head module to be corrected other than the reference head module, first, information on the initial value _R0 of the voltage correction value is acquired (step S214). Then, a value R ₁ = 0.95 × R ₀ obtained by multiplying the initial value R ₀ by 0.95 is set as a voltage correction value (step S216), and halftone processing (that is, printing) actually used during printing is set. The dot data of the correction chart is generated by applying the dot type distribution process using the dot type distribution table that is actually used (step S218, “correction chart generation process”). R ₁ corresponds to a “first voltage correction value”. The dot data of the correction chart generated here is a uniform density image data having a predetermined density command value (tone value), and a dot type distribution process by the halftone processing unit 124 (see FIG. 8). Generated by quantization processing.

  Based on the dot data of the correction test chart, droplet ejection is performed by the inkjet head 10, and the correction chart is printed on the recording medium (corresponding to step S220 in FIG. 12, "first correction chart output step"). ).

  FIG. 13 is a graph showing the appearance ratio of each drop amount with respect to the print density. The horizontal axis represents the print density command value (input gradation value), and the vertical axis represents the drop amount ratio. The position of “100%” on the horizontal axis represents a command value corresponding to the maximum density that can be output in the inkjet head recording apparatus. Such an appearance ratio for each dot type (drop amount) is determined in the dot type distribution table. A dot type sorting table is defined for each type of recording medium used for printing.

  As the density command value of the correction chart, the density at which small droplets and medium droplets are recorded by halftone processing is designated. The density command value of the correction chart in this example is about 50% of the maximum density. The halftone processing unit 124 applies the same dot type distribution processing and quantization processing as the halftone processing applied to the actual print image to the uniform image data of the density command value (gradation value), thereby Is obtained at a ratio of about 63% and medium drops of about 15%.

  If the print density of the correction chart is too low, the absolute value of the density becomes small, and the measurement accuracy deteriorates. If the print density is too high, the change in the print density is small with respect to the drop amount, and the conversion accuracy from the measured density value to the voltage (voltage correction value) is deteriorated. For this reason, the printing density (density command value) of the correction chart is preferably 25% or more and 75% or less of the maximum density from the viewpoint of correction accuracy, and more preferably in the range of 35% or more and 65% or less. Preferably, it is the range of 40% or more and 60% or less.

The density of the correction chart output in step S218 in FIG. 12 is measured (step S222). By this density measurement process (corresponding to “first density measurement process”), the density measurement value Da of the correction chart recorded by the reference head module and the density chart density recorded by the head module related to the correction target. The measured value Db ₁ is obtained (step S224).

Next, the voltage correction value of the head module related to the correction target is changed, and a value R ₂ = 1.05 × R ₀ obtained by multiplying the initial value R ₀ by 1.05 is set as the voltage correction value (step S226). Then, using a driving voltage to which the voltage correction value of the R _2, actual halftone processing (i.e., the halftone process for dot type distribution processing using a dot type distribution table to be actually used during printing) The correction chart that has been subjected to is printed (corresponding to “second correction chart output step” in step S228). The correction chart data is the same as the correction chart data described in step S218, and the dot arrangement structure of the correction chart is the same. However, since the voltage correction value is corrected from R ₁ to R ₂ , the droplet amounts of the small droplets and the medium droplets are increased, and the correction chart printed in step S228 is the step S220. Compared with the correction chart printed in step 1, the print density is higher. R ₂ corresponds to a “second voltage correction value”.

Next, the density of the correction chart printed in step S228 is measured (step S230). By this density measurement process (corresponding to the “second density measurement process”), the density measurement value Db ₂ of the density chart recorded by the head module related to the correction target is obtained (step S232).

Thus, the two-point measurement points _{(R 1,} Db _1), from _(R 2, Db _2), a calibration curve is prepared _{L B} representing a straight line connecting these two points (Step S234, the "calibration curve step" Equivalent).

Then, as shown in FIG. 14, the measured value Da of the output density by the reference head module as the target value ( "target density"), we obtain a voltage correction value Rb to be equal to the target value from the calibration curve L _B (FIG. 12 step S236, “corresponding to“ step of determining a voltage correction value ”).

FIG. 14 shows a voltage that becomes a target value (concentration Da) from a calibration curve L _B that passes through _two measurement points (R ₁ , Db ₁ ) and (R ₂ , Db ₂ ) for the head module to be corrected. A method for obtaining the correction value Rb is shown.

In FIG. 14, the measurement point (R ₁ , Db ₁ ) indicated as “output 1” indicates the first concentration measurement result obtained from the first concentration measurement step (step S222 in FIG. 12). The measurement point (R ₂ , Db ₂ ) indicated as “Output 2” indicates the second concentration measurement result obtained from the second concentration measurement step (step S230 in FIG. 12).

  In this way, the voltage correction value Rb of the head module to be corrected is determined, and the obtained voltage correction value Rb is stored in the storage unit (step S238 in FIG. 12).

  The same processing as described above is performed for each of the non-reference head modules, and a voltage correction value is determined for each head module.

Steps S234 and S236 correspond to a “voltage correction value calculation step”. In addition, the order of the process of step S216-step S232 is not restricted to the example of FIG. For example, the correction chart based on the voltage correction value of R ₂ may be printed _first , or after the correction chart based on the voltage correction values of R ₁ and R ₂ are printed, the measurement of these correction charts may be performed. It is also possible to carry out collectively.

In this example, a voltage correction value of ± 5% with respect to the initial value _R0 is used, the voltage correction value is shifted in two steps, and a correction chart is output with each voltage correction value. The swing width and the number of steps are not limited to this example. A calibration curve connecting two points can be obtained by changing the voltage correction value in at least two stages and measuring the correction chart, but the voltage correction value may be changed in a plurality of stages of two or more stages. The correction correction chart is output and measured a plurality of times by changing the voltage correction value, and a calibration curve is created from the plurality of measurement results.

  For each head module of the non-reference head module, a voltage correction value is determined by the procedure described in FIG.

  9 and 12, the voltage correction value of the drive voltage for each head module (that is, for each group) is obtained for each head module in the ink jet head 10.

  Since the inkjet head correction method including the processes described in FIGS. 9 and 12 can be applied at the manufacturing stage of the inkjet recording apparatus 100, the method can be grasped as a part of the manufacturing method of the inkjet recording apparatus. it can.

  The correction method can be grasped as a method for adjusting the drive voltage of the inkjet head when the entire bar of the inkjet head 10 is replaced after shipment.

<When replacing some head modules>
For example, when a part of the plurality of head modules constituting the inkjet head 10 is replaced, a new head module after replacement related to the replacement target is set as a correction target head module, The voltage correction value of the correction target head module is determined so that the density is matched to the head module that has not been replaced.

  When some of the head modules are replaced, the replaced head module to be corrected is a “non-reference head module”, and at least one of the head modules that have not been replaced is a “reference head module”. Only the replaced head module is set as the correction target head module, and the voltage correction value is determined by the procedure described in FIG.

<Effect of Correction According to Embodiment>
According to the present embodiment, the dot type distribution process that is actually used is applied, and a correction chart in which dots of a plurality of types of droplet amounts (droplet sizes) are mixed is printed. Since the voltage correction value common to the volume is determined for each head module, and the drive voltage is corrected in units of the head module using this voltage correction value, it is compared with the method in which separate correction values are set for each of multiple types of droplet amounts. Thus, the circuit configuration can be simplified and downsized.

  According to the present embodiment, compared to a method of calculating a correction value by outputting a separate chart for each drop amount, the output of the chart and the number of measurement operations can be reduced, and the work time of the correction process can be shortened. It is.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the voltage correction value common to each drop volume is determined based on the density measurement result of the correction chart that has been subjected to the dot type sorting process used in actual printing. Compared with a correction method for obtaining a correction value for each droplet amount from the chart, variation in droplet amount can be reduced.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a distribution of the variation in droplet amount after correction in which the voltage correction value is determined according to the present embodiment. The horizontal axis shows the variation in the drop amount of the medium droplet, and the vertical axis shows the variation in the drop amount of the small droplet. Each point represents the average value of each medium droplet and small droplet in one head module.
The central “100%” point is the ideal drop volume in the design, and it is desirable that the head module after correcting the drive voltage has no drop variation for each of the medium drop and the small drop. So, the original ideal becomes the central point. However, in reality, there is also a correction error, and as shown in FIG. 15, it is distributed concentrically near the ideal center point. The correction accuracy is approximately ± 5%, and is within the range of ± 8% even when the variation of droplets is observed. Thus, according to the present embodiment, the result is not greatly deviated from the target value of the droplet amount.

  FIG. 16 is a distribution of variation in droplet amount after correction according to the comparative example, and FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of FIG. The comparative examples shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 output density charts with a predetermined dot recording rate using only medium drops, and perform voltage correction based on the measurement results. In the comparative example, although the correction accuracy for the middle droplet is within a range of ± 5%, the variation in the droplet amount of the uncorrected small droplet (± 5) is corrected with respect to the variation in the correction accuracy of the droplet after correction. As a whole, variation is distributed over a wide range as shown by a parallelogram, and a droplet amount variation of ± 10% at the maximum occurs for a small droplet.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram comparing the distribution range of the droplet amount variation according to the correction method of the present embodiment and the distribution range of the droplet amount variation according to the comparative example. The range of variation in droplet amount according to the correction method of the comparative example is a parallelogram shape having a constant width centered on the ideal target value, and is a dark region (both medium and small droplets) shown in the upper right part of FIG. The region includes a region where the droplet amount increases) and a region where the density shown in the lower left part is low (a region where both the medium droplet and the small droplet decrease).

  On the other hand, according to the correction method of the present embodiment, variation in droplet amount is distributed within a circle or ellipse centered on the ideal target value (see FIG. 18). There is nothing that falls in a region with a large density (a region with a high density or a region with a low density).

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce variation in droplet amount as compared with the comparative example.

<Configuration example of inkjet recording apparatus>
Next, a configuration example of the ink jet recording apparatus will be described. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the inkjet recording apparatus 100. The ink jet recording apparatus 100 ejects ink of a plurality of colors from an ink jet head 372M, 372K, 372C, 372Y onto a recording medium 324 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “paper”) held on a drawing drum 370. An inkjet recording apparatus that forms a desired color image.

  As illustrated, the ink jet recording apparatus 100 mainly includes a paper feed unit 312, a treatment liquid application unit 314, a drawing unit 316, a drying unit 318, a fixing unit 320, and a paper discharge unit 322. Each of the inkjet heads 372M, 372K, 372C, and 372Y of the drawing unit 316 corresponds to the “inkjet head 10” described with reference to FIG. 1, and the sheet conveyance system including the drawing drum 370 corresponds to the “medium conveyance unit 102”.

(Paper Feeder)
A recording medium 324 that is a sheet is stacked on the paper feed unit 312. The recording media 324 are fed one by one from the paper feed tray 350 of the paper feed unit 312 to the processing liquid application unit 314. Although a sheet (cut paper) is used as the recording medium 324, a configuration in which continuous paper (roll paper) is cut into a necessary size and fed is also possible.

(Processing liquid application part)
The processing liquid application unit 314 is a mechanism that applies the processing liquid to the recording surface of the recording medium 324. The treatment liquid contains a color material aggregating agent that agglomerates the color material (pigment in this example) in the ink applied by the drawing unit 316. When the treatment liquid comes into contact with the ink, the ink becomes a color material. And the solvent are promoted.

  The treatment liquid application unit 314 includes a paper feed drum 352, a treatment liquid drum 354, and a treatment liquid application device 356. The processing liquid drum 354 includes a claw-shaped holding means (gripper) 355 on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and the recording medium 324 is sandwiched between the claw of the holding means 355 and the peripheral surface of the processing liquid drum 354, thereby The tip can be held. The treatment liquid coating apparatus 356 can apply various methods such as a spray method and an ink jet method in addition to a roller coating method.

  The recording medium 324 to which the processing liquid is applied is transferred from the processing liquid drum 354 to the drawing drum 370 of the drawing unit 316 via the intermediate transport unit 326.

(Drawing part)
The drawing unit 316 includes a drawing drum 370, a sheet pressing roller 374, and ink jet heads 372M, 372K, 372C, 372Y. The drawing drum 370 includes claw-shaped holding means (grippers) 371 on the outer peripheral surface thereof, like the processing liquid drum 354. Suction holes are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the drawing drum 370, and the recording medium 324 is sucked and held on the outer peripheral surface of the drum by negative pressure suction. A paper conveyance system including the drawing drum 370 corresponds to the medium conveyance unit 102 (see FIG. 8).

  Each of the inkjet heads 372M, 372K, 372C, and 372Y is a full-line inkjet recording head having a length corresponding to the maximum width of the image forming area on the recording medium 324, and an image forming surface is formed on the ink ejection surface. A nozzle row in which a plurality of nozzles for ink ejection are arranged over the entire width of the region is formed. Each inkjet head 372M, 372K, 372C, 372Y is installed so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the recording medium 324 (the rotation direction of the drawing drum 370).

  The recording medium 324 is transported at a constant speed by the drawing drum 370, and the operation of relatively moving the recording medium 324 and each of the inkjet heads 372M, 372K, 372C, 372Y in this transport direction is performed only once (that is, 1). An image can be recorded in the image forming area of the recording medium 324 in a single sub-scan).

  Here, the inkjet recording apparatus 100 using four colors of CMYK inks is illustrated, but the combination of ink colors and the number of colors is not limited to this embodiment, and the arrangement order of the color heads is not particularly limited.

  The recording medium 324 on which an image is formed by the drawing unit 316 is transferred from the drawing drum 370 to the drying drum 376 of the drying unit 318 via the intermediate conveyance unit 328.

(Drying part)
The drying unit 318 is a mechanism for drying moisture contained in the solvent separated by the color material aggregation action, and includes a drying drum 376 and a solvent drying device 378. Similar to the treatment liquid drum 354, the drying drum 376 includes a claw-shaped holding means (gripper) 377 on its outer peripheral surface. The solvent drying device 378 includes a plurality of halogen heaters 380 and a hot air jet nozzle 382. The recording medium 324 that has been dried by the drying unit 318 is transferred from the drying drum 376 to the fixing drum 384 of the fixing unit 320 via the intermediate conveyance unit 330.

(Fixing part)
The fixing unit 320 includes a fixing drum 384, a halogen heater 386, a fixing roller 388, and an in-line sensor 390. The fixing drum 384 includes claw-shaped holding means (grippers) 385 on the outer peripheral surface thereof, like the processing liquid drum 354.

  The in-line sensor 390 reads an image (including a density measurement test chart, a defective nozzle detection test chart, an undischarge correction parameter acquisition test chart, etc.) formed on the recording medium 324, and the image density, image defect, and the like. And a CCD line sensor or the like is applied. The inline sensor 390 corresponds to the image reading unit 104 described with reference to FIG.

(Output section)
The paper discharge unit 322 includes a discharge tray 392, and a transfer drum 394, a conveyance belt 396, and a stretching roller 398 are provided between the discharge tray 392 and the fixing drum 384 of the fixing unit 320 so as to be in contact therewith. Is provided. The recording medium 324 is sent to the transport belt 396 by the transfer drum 394 and discharged to the discharge tray 392. Although the details of the paper transport mechanism by the transport belt 396 are not shown, the recording medium 324 after printing is held at the front end of the paper by a gripper (not shown) gripped between the endless transport belts 396, and the transport belt 396. Is carried above the discharge tray 392.

  Although not shown in FIG. 19, the ink jet recording apparatus 100 of the present example has an ink storage / loading unit that supplies ink to the respective ink jet heads 372M, 372K, 372C, and 372Y, and a treatment liquid applying unit 314. And a head maintenance unit for cleaning each inkjet head 372M, 372K, 372C, 372Y (nozzle surface wiping, purging, nozzle suction, etc.) and a recording medium 324 on the paper transport path. A position detection sensor for detecting the position, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of each part of the apparatus, and the like are provided.

<Description of control system>
FIG. 20 is a block diagram illustrating a system configuration of the inkjet recording apparatus 100. The inkjet recording apparatus 100 includes a communication interface 470, a system controller 472, a print controller 474, an image buffer memory 476, a head driver 478, a motor driver 480, a heater driver 482, a processing liquid application controller 484, a drying controller 486, and a fixing control. 488, a memory 490, a ROM 492, an encoder 494, and the like.

  The communication interface 470 is an interface unit that receives image data sent from the host computer 550 that is a host controller. A serial interface or a parallel interface can be applied to the communication interface 470. In this part, a buffer memory (not shown) for speeding up communication may be mounted. The communication interface 470 serves as the image data input unit 110 described with reference to FIG.

  Image data sent from the host computer 550 is taken into the inkjet recording apparatus 100 via the communication interface 470 and temporarily stored in the memory 490.

  The memory 490 is a storage unit that temporarily stores an image input via the communication interface 470, and data is read and written through the system controller 472. The memory 490 is not limited to a memory made of a semiconductor element, and a magnetic medium such as a hard disk may be used.

  The system controller 472 includes a central processing unit (CPU) and its peripheral circuits, and functions as a control device that controls the entire inkjet recording apparatus 100 according to a predetermined program, and also functions as an arithmetic device that performs various calculations. .

  The ROM 492 stores programs executed by the CPU of the system controller 472 and various data necessary for control. The ROM 492 may be a non-rewritable storage unit or a rewritable storage unit. The memory 490 is used as a temporary storage area for image data, and is also used as a program development area and a calculation work area for the CPU.

  The motor driver 480 is a driver that drives the motor 496 in accordance with an instruction from the system controller 472. In FIG. 20, various motors arranged in each part in the apparatus are represented by reference numeral 496. The motor 496 includes a feed cylinder 352, a processing liquid drum 354, a drawing drum 370, a drying drum 376, a fixing drum 384, a transfer drum 394, etc. A pump drive motor for suction, a motor for a retraction mechanism that moves the head units of the inkjet heads 372M, 372K, 372C, and 372Y to a maintenance area outside the drawing drum 370, and the like are included. In FIG. 20, an ink jet head is indicated by reference numeral 450.

  The heater driver 482 is a driver that drives the heater 498 in accordance with an instruction from the system controller 472. In FIG. 20, various heaters arranged in each unit in the apparatus are represented by reference numeral 498.

  The print control unit 474 has a signal processing function for performing various processes and corrections for generating a print control signal from the image data in the memory 490 according to the control of the system controller 472. This is a control unit that supplies data (dot data) to the head driver 478. The print control unit 474 is a block including the image data processing unit 120 described with reference to FIG.

  Necessary signal processing is performed in the print control unit 474, and the ejection amount and ejection timing of the ink droplets of the inkjet head 450 are controlled via the head driver 478 based on the obtained dot data.

  The print control unit 474 includes an image buffer memory (not shown), and image data, parameters, and other data are temporarily stored in the image buffer memory when the print control unit 474 processes image data. Also possible is an aspect in which the print control unit 474 and the system controller 472 are integrated to form a single processor.

  The head driver 478 outputs a drive signal for driving the ejection energy generating element corresponding to each nozzle of the inkjet head 450 based on the print data given from the print control unit 474. The head driver 478 may include a feedback control system for keeping the head driving condition constant.

  When the drive signal output from the head driver 478 is applied to the inkjet head 450, ink is ejected from the corresponding nozzle. An image is formed on the recording medium 324 by controlling ink ejection from the inkjet head 450 while conveying the recording medium 324 at a predetermined speed.

  As described with reference to FIG. 8, the ink jet recording apparatus 100 shown in this example applies a common driving waveform to each piezoelectric element 44 of the ink jet head 450 (head module 12) for each head module, and discharges each nozzle. Ink is ejected from the nozzles by switching on and off switch elements (not shown) connected to the individual electrodes of the piezoelectric elements 44 according to the timing.

  The head driver 478 and the print controller 474 correspond to the drive signal generator 150 described with reference to FIG. Further, the system controller 472 in FIG. 20 corresponds to the system control unit 180 described in FIG.

  The treatment liquid application controller 484 controls the operation of the treatment liquid application device 356 (see FIG. 19) according to an instruction from the system controller 472. The drying control unit 486 controls the operation of the solvent drying device 378 (see FIG. 19) according to an instruction from the system controller 472.

  The fixing controller 488 controls the operation of the fixing pressure unit 499 including the halogen heater 386 and the fixing roller 388 (see FIG. 19) of the fixing unit 320 according to an instruction from the system controller 472.

  As described with reference to FIG. 19, the inline sensor 390 is a block including an image sensor. The inline sensor 390 reads an image printed on the recording medium 324, performs necessary signal processing, etc. Variation, optical density, etc.) are detected, and the detection results are provided to the system controller 472 and the print controller 474. The inline sensor 390 corresponds to the image reading unit 104 described with reference to FIG.

  The encoder 494 is provided on the drawing drum 370 (see FIG. 19). A discharge trigger signal (pixel trigger) is issued based on the detection signal of the encoder 494. The droplet ejection timing of the inkjet head 450 is synchronized with the detection signal of the encoder 494. Thereby, the landing position can be determined with high accuracy.

  The print control unit 474 performs various corrections (non-discharge correction, density correction, etc.) on the inkjet head 450 based on information obtained from the in-line sensor 390, and cleaning operations such as preliminary discharge, suction, and wiping as necessary ( Nozzle recovery operation) is performed.

<Discharge method>
The means for generating discharge pressure (discharge energy) for discharging droplets from each nozzle in the inkjet head is not limited to a piezoelectric element. In addition to piezoelectric elements, various pressure generating elements (such as heaters (heating elements) in electrostatic actuators, thermal methods (methods that eject ink using the pressure of film boiling by heating of the heaters), and various other actuators) A discharge energy generating element) can be applied. Corresponding energy generating elements are provided in the flow path structure according to the ejection method of the head.

<About recording media>
The “recording medium” includes media called by various terms such as a printing medium, a recording medium, an image forming medium, an image receiving medium, and an ejection medium. In the practice of the present invention, the material, shape, etc. of the recording medium are not particularly limited, and a print on which a resin sheet such as continuous paper, cut paper, seal paper, OHP sheet, film, cloth, nonwoven fabric, wiring pattern, or the like is formed. Various sheet bodies can be used regardless of the substrate, rubber sheet, and other materials and shapes.

<About nozzle grouping in inkjet head>
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the nozzles are grouped in units of replaceable head modules has been described. However, the grouping unit does not necessarily match the replaceable unit. For example, the interior of the replaceable head module is further divided into a plurality of nozzle groups, and a mode in which the drive voltage is corrected in units of the nozzle groups is also possible.

  As an example, in the two-dimensional nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. 3, the Y-direction is divided into two vertically, and the drive voltage is corrected in units of groups for each of the upper first group and the lower second group. Embodiments are possible.

  In addition, grouping that includes a plurality of head modules in one group is also possible, and the nozzle groups may be grouped in a smaller number of groups than the number of head modules constituting the inkjet head.

<Program for causing a computer to function as a control device for an ink jet recording apparatus>
A program for realizing a chart output function for realizing the correction function described in the above-described embodiment and an arithmetic processing function for obtaining a voltage correction value by a computer is a CD-ROM, a magnetic disk, or other computer-readable medium (tangible object). It is possible to record the program on a non-transitory information storage medium and provide the program through the information storage medium. Instead of providing the program by storing the program in such an information storage medium, it is also possible to provide the program signal as a download service using a communication network such as the Internet.

  In addition, a mode in which a part or all of the program that realizes the correction function described in the present embodiment is incorporated in a host control device such as a host computer, or a central processing unit on the printer (inkjet recording apparatus) side as an image output device ( It is also possible to apply as an operation program of the CPU.

  In the embodiment of the present invention described above, the configuration requirements can be appropriately changed, added, and deleted without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and many modifications are possible by those having ordinary knowledge in the field within the technical idea of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Inkjet head, 12 ... Head module, 20 ... Nozzle surface, 28 ... Nozzle, 42 ... Pressure chamber, 44 ... Piezoelectric element, 100 ... Inkjet recording apparatus, 102 ... Medium conveyance part, 104 ... Image reading part, 106 ... Waveform Selection circuit, 120... Image data processing unit, 124... Halftone processing unit, 130... Dot type sorting table storage unit, 140... Test chart generation unit, 150 ... drive signal generation unit, 156. Value storage unit, 170 ... Image analysis unit, 172 ... Density measurement unit, 174 ... Calibration curve creation unit, 176 ... Standard drop amount data storage unit, 178 ... Correction value determination unit, 324 ... Recording medium, 372M, 372K, 372C, 372Y ... Inkjet head

Claims (13)

An inkjet head correction method for correcting a difference in ejection characteristics between the groups in an inkjet head having a plurality of nozzles divided into a plurality of groups,
A continuous driving system that discharges droplets of a plurality of types of droplets by changing the number of ejection driving pulses applied in one recording cycle to an ejection energy generating element provided corresponding to the nozzle of the inkjet head Using an ink jet recording apparatus that includes a voltage correction unit that performs droplet amount modulation and corrects a driving voltage in units of the group,
A correction chart generation step of generating dot data of a correction chart including two or more types of dots having different droplet amounts by applying a dot type distribution process that is actually used in printing;
A correction chart output step of recording the correction chart on a recording medium by the inkjet head;
A concentration measuring step of measuring the concentration of the correction chart recorded on the recording medium;
A voltage correction value calculating step for obtaining a voltage correction value of a driving voltage for each group in units of the group based on the density of the correction chart obtained by the measurement;
Including
An inkjet head correction method for correcting a drive voltage in units of the group by applying the voltage correction value obtained in the voltage correction value calculation step to the voltage correction unit.   The correction method for an ink jet head according to claim 1, wherein the voltage correction value for each group in which the print densities of the groups constituting the ink jet head are equal is obtained.   The voltage correction value for each group in which the print density of another group is equal to the reference print density is obtained based on the print density of a reference group serving as a reference among the plurality of groups. The inkjet head correction method described. A step of outputting a density chart by dots of one designated drop amount when the reference group does not exist;
Measuring the concentration of the output concentration chart;
Obtaining a voltage correction value from which the one kind of drop amount becomes a predetermined standard drop amount for a specific group to be used as a reference from the density of the measured density chart;
The method for correcting an ink jet head according to claim 3, comprising: The correction chart output step includes
The correction chart is output a plurality of times by changing the voltage correction value in a plurality of stages in units of the group, and the correction chart is recorded by the drive voltage to which the first voltage correction value is applied. The correction chart output process of
A second correction chart output step of recording the correction chart with a drive voltage to which a second voltage correction value different from the first voltage correction value is applied,
The concentration measurement step includes a first concentration measurement step of measuring the concentration of the correction chart output in the first correction chart output step;
A second concentration measurement step of measuring the concentration of the correction chart output in the second correction chart output step,
The voltage correction value calculation step includes a calibration curve based on the first concentration measurement result obtained from the first concentration measurement step and the second concentration measurement result obtained from the second concentration measurement step. Calibration curve creation process to create
The inkjet head correction method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining the voltage correction value from the calibration curve and a target concentration. The inkjet head is configured by combining a plurality of head modules,
The ink jet head correction method according to claim 1, wherein the voltage correction value is determined for each of the head modules as the group.   7. The inkjet head according to claim 1, wherein the density command value of the correction chart commands a density of 25% or more and 75% or less with respect to a maximum density by the inkjet recording apparatus. Correction method. An inkjet head having a plurality of nozzles divided into a plurality of groups;
A continuous driving system that discharges droplets of a plurality of types of droplets by changing the number of ejection driving pulses applied in one recording cycle to an ejection energy generating element provided corresponding to the nozzle of the inkjet head A drive control unit for performing drop volume modulation by
A voltage correction unit for correcting the drive voltage in units of the group;
A halftone processing unit that performs dot type distribution processing on image data and generates dot data representing a pattern of dots based on the plurality of types of droplet amounts from the image data;
A correction chart generation unit that generates dot data of a correction chart including two or more types of dots having different droplet amounts by applying a dot type distribution process used in printing;
A correction chart output control unit for recording the correction chart on a recording medium by the inkjet head;
A density measuring unit for measuring the density of the correction chart recorded on the recording medium;
A voltage correction value calculation unit for obtaining a voltage correction value of a driving voltage for each group in units of the group based on the concentration of the correction chart obtained by the concentration measurement unit;
A voltage correction value storage unit that stores the voltage correction value obtained by the voltage correction value calculation unit;
An inkjet recording apparatus comprising:   The ink jet recording apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the voltage correction value for each group in which the print densities of the groups constituting the ink jet head are equal is obtained.   10. The voltage correction value for each group in which the print density of another group is equal to the reference print density is obtained based on the print density of a reference group serving as a reference among the plurality of groups. The ink jet recording apparatus described. A density chart output control unit that outputs a density chart with dots of one designated drop amount when the reference group does not exist;
A standard drop volume data storage unit for storing standard drop volume data describing a relationship between a standard drop volume predetermined for the one type of drop volume and the print density; and
Based on the density measurement result obtained by measuring the density of the density chart recorded on the recording medium and the standard drop volume data, the one type of drop volume is determined in advance for a specific group to be used as a reference. The inkjet recording apparatus according to claim 10, wherein a voltage correction value for obtaining a predetermined standard droplet amount is obtained. The correction chart is output a plurality of times by changing the voltage correction value in a plurality of stages in units of the group,
A first density measurement result obtained by measuring the density of the correction chart recorded by the driving voltage to which the first voltage correction value is applied, and a second voltage different from the first voltage correction value A calibration curve creation unit for creating a calibration curve based on the second density measurement result obtained by measuring the density of the correction chart recorded by the drive voltage to which the correction value is applied;
A correction value determination unit for determining the voltage correction value from the calibration curve and the target concentration;
An ink jet recording apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11. The inkjet head is configured by combining a plurality of head modules,
The ink jet recording apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the voltage correction value is determined for each of the head modules as the group.

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